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National Awami Party (Wali)

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627: 2003:. As there was a provision that employees in the federating provinces would return to their province of origin after the dissolution of the One Unit. Most of the officers insisted on leaving. Despite this fact, Sardar Ataullah Mengal as chief minister, moved a resolution in the Balochistan Assembly to do away with the domicile as a qualification and suggested that those who had spent several generations in the province should be treated as locals. It was later on alleged that the officers were incited to leave through the efforts of PPP supporters and the then Chief Minister of Punjab 557: 287: 242: 1520: 2037:'s government, fresh from the humiliation of 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War used the pretext of arms shipment from Iraq to dismember Pakistan and dismissed the Balochistan provincial government in 1973, in protest against the decision the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa government resigned in protest. Ataullah Mengal and his colleagues, including 1859:
In 1971, in an attempt to avert a possible showdown between the Military and the people of East Pakistan, on March 23, 1971, Khan, along with other Pakistani politicians, jointly met Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. They offered support to Mujeeb in the formation of a government, but it was already too late to
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and Mahmudul Haq Usmani for the Presidency. Ultimately the leadership backed Abdul Wali Khan as a compromise candidate. The National Council of the Party met on 30 June and 1 July 1968 at Royal Hotel, Peshawar, with Professor Muzaffar Ahmed, President of East Pakistan NAP chairing the first session.
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In 1972, as the opposition leader, Wali Khan was contacted by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who wanted to lift martial law and set up a new constitution. Wali Khan's negotiations with Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto led to the NAP signing of an agreement with the government in 1972, called the Tripartite Agreement. The
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The party contested the 1970 elections from Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (K-P), Balochistan, Sindh and East Pakistan. It did not field any candidates in the Punjab, Nationally it fielded 16 candidates from K-P, three of whom got elected, securing 18.4% of the vote, in Balochistan three out of four candidates
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Invoking the 1st amendment of the 1973 constitution the government charged Wali Khan and his colleagues under the Hyderabad Conspiracy Case in 1976, although they were acquitted of the charge of the murder of PPP stalwart Hayat Khan Sherpao, the decision to ban the NAP was upheld by the courts. In
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under Wali Khan was one of a handful of parties that protested the military operation. In one case, Khan helped a senior East Pakistani diplomat's son escape to Afghanistan from possible internment in West Pakistan. The military government, in retaliation against the protests, banned the party and
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Following the split, the leftist members of the NAP, many of whom were active in a Kissan (peasant) Committee, decided to follow the Wali Khan faction. Soon after, the leadership of the Wali Khan faction, being landlords, decided not to allow members of the NAP to also be members of the Kissan
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The National Awami Party was a socialist political party that advocated greater provincial autonomy and the Theory of Four Nationalities. The theory advocated by senior NAP leader Bizenjo stated Pakistan was composed of four distinct "nations", the Pukhtun, Baloch, Sindhi and Western Punjabi.
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advocating outright separation and armed struggle and those advocating political struggle led by Sherbaz Khan Mazari. The split ended the alliance between Pashtun Nationalists and Baloch Nationalists that Wali Khan had formed in 1969 and led to the formation of the
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and other cities of the province, and provoke a full scale confrontation. Wali Khan rejected this notion and held back his infuriated party cadres, escorting the dead bodies to Peshawar; he had them buried quietly with their bereaved families.
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and Balochistan and espoused federalism with greater autonomy for the provinces. Senior party leader Ghaus Bux Bizenjo advocated that Pakistan consisted of four nationalities and their empowerment equally would prevent the breakup of Pakistan.
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break the impasse as Yahya Khan had already decided on a full scale military crackdown. Pakistan's increasing vulnerability and widespread international outrage against the military crackdown eventually created a situation that led to
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In 1972, Wali Khan was elected as Parliamentary leader of the opposition, the NAP made several initiatives to broaden its support across the country. It dropped its demand to rename the then North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) as
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Govt. of Pakistan (1979) White paper on the performance of the Bhutto regime, Volumes 1-2 White Paper on the Performance of the Bhutto Regime. Govt. of Pakistan, pp. 107-108. University of Michigan. 31 May
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The National Awami Party of Pakistan: Leftist Politics in Crisis M. Rashiduzzaman Pacific Affairs, Vol. 43, No. 3 (Autumn, 1970), pp. 394-409 Published by: Pacific Affairs, University of British Columbia
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B.M. Kutty (2009). In Search of Solutions: The Autobiography Of Mir Ghaus Buksh Bizenjo. Karachi: Published by Pakistan Labour Trust and University of Karachi's (KU) Pakistan Study Centre, pp. 20-40.
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However, the final straw was the discovery of arms in the Iraqi embassy in Islamabad and Nawab Akbar Bugti's declaration of the London Plan, that alleged that NAP-led governments in Balochistan and
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With the NAP leadership largely imprisoned, a new political party was formed on the wreckage of the NAP in 1976 by Sherbaz Khan Mazari. Named National Democratic Party (NDP), it was headed by
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agreement led to the lifting of martial law and removal of the ban on the National Awami Party. This led to the formation of National Awami Party coalition provincial governments in the
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as well as the holding of fair elections, protection of an independent judiciary and freedom of the press. It contested the 1970 election, winning the second largest number of seats in
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This move led to a split between Mazari and Wali Khan which were aggravated after Wali Khan in a statement rejected the 1973 constitution and Wali Khan's election as NDP President.
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After the division of Pakistan in 1971, NAP formed coalition governments in the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan on the basis of winning majority of seats in the two provinces.
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In the face of an increasingly strong national campaign led by the NAP against the government, Bhutto banned NAP on February 8, 1975 after the murder of his close colleague
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was introduced. Wali Khan left party affairs to Sher Baz Mazari after his release from jail in 1979. The party faced a split at that time between far left elements led by
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The Balochistan government immediately faced multiple crisis the first of which was when the Balochistan police department, mostly officered by people from Punjab or
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between Pakistan and India. This war proved disastrous and culminated in Pakistan's armed forces being defeated in East Pakistan and the creation of the new state of
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and killed a dozen people; many more were wounded by their automatic gunfire. Wali Khan narrowly escaped a bullet during the attack. Public anger amongst ethnic
2083:(Balochi Revolutionary Poet/Leader) and even some of Bhutto’s former colleagues, many of whom were later re-elected and became federal or provincial ministers. 1674:
under the name National Awami Party of Pakistan in 2000, however the party was routed in the 2002 election and much of its leadership merged back with the ANP.
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The policing crisis also gave way to a subsequent intra-tribal conflict. The Baloch nationalists declared that it was fomented by the then Interior Minister
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but split in 1979 following disagreements amongst the left wing of the party against the leadership. A brief attempt was made to resurrect the Party by
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and were mostly members of the National Awami Party. The enraged party workers and followers wanted to parade the dead bodies on the streets in
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addition to Abdul Wali Khan, the case also implicated two governors, two chief ministers, scores of national and provincial parliamentarians,
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who advocated armed conflict to take land from landlords and feudals. These attacks were allegedly on the behest of leftists within the
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The NDP was merged with other nationalist parties from Balochistan and Sindh in 1986 in Karachi to launch a new political party named
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Following the massacre the Federal Security Force launched a crackdown against the party that led to many senior leaders including
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The Idea of a Pakistani Nationhood (1980)Anwar H. Syed Polity, Vol. 12, No. 4 pp. 575-597 Palgrave Macmillan Journals Stable URL:
1967:, a paramilitary force under the alleged orders of Bhutto, attacked a public opposition rally at the Liaquat Bagh in the town of 1455: 1451: 1315: 1310: 1305: 965: 898: 2352: 1444: 1439: 2123: 1348: 1326: 714: 257: 2262: 1223: 1218: 1213: 1030: 1025: 1020: 1015: 995: 902: 852: 2471: 1383: 1293: 1288: 1283: 1278: 1273: 1268: 1263: 1258: 1253: 1248: 1243: 795: 673: 353: 341: 1541: 564: 447: 427: 626: 432: 1850: 1600:'s government. It was then resurrected under the name National Democratic Party, from which in turn was formed the 1506: 1388: 1361: 922: 701: 696: 336: 1691: 1137: 1132: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1097: 1092: 1087: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1067: 1062: 1057: 1052: 1047: 1042: 960: 151: 1393: 1169: 1164: 1159: 1154: 1149: 926: 771: 496: 479: 326: 1534: 1429: 974: 373: 2248:
The Emergence of the Federal Pattern in Pakistan Malik Journal of Asian and African Studies.1973; 8: 205-215
2126:. The alliance with former rivals the PPP did not go down well with Ghaffar Khan who encouraged by Governor 1607:
The Party represented left wing views in Pakistan and its core politics was based on the disbanding of the
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offered to settle all issues with Pakistan if the ban on NAP was lifted and greater autonomy for
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The NAP was banned twice during its eight-year-long existence, the first time under
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Mushtaq Ahmed(1971) Politics without Social Change, Karachi: Space Publishers,
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Tahir Amin,(1993) Ethno-Nationalist Movements of Pakistan, Islamabad: IPS,
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was elected the first Chief Minister of Balochistan and the NAP supported
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Unable to exercise any effective authority Ataullah Mengal turned to the
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warned Ghaffar Khan of what would happen if the PPP returned to power.
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ran high, as almost all the dead and most of the wounded were from the
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NAP spelt anew by Rahimullah Yousafzai. THE NEWs retrieved 5-2-2006
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Abdul Wali Khan was unanimously elected as President of the party.
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Chief Election Commissioner of Gilgit-Baltistan: Raja Shah Baz Khan
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HP (January 25, 2006) Khan Abdul Wali Khan: His Fathers Shadow?
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Zeitlin, Arnold e-mail exchange with the author (14 June 2006)
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During the martial law crackdown against East Pakistan, the
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The NAP party leadership struggling with a rivalry between
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Chief Election Commissioner of AJK: Abdul Rashid Sulehria
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was seceding to gain independence from Pakistan. Hence,
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were elected but it failed to win any seats from Sindh.
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was brought back from America and appointed President.
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The party's provincial governments faced attacks from
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but without evidence to prove the statements issued.
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Cowasjee, Ardeshir (21 June 1997) Murtaza's murder.
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(9 November 2014). 2261:. The DAWN Group. Available online at 2535:Defunct political parties in Pakistan 2530:Political parties established in 1967 2525:National Awami Party breakaway groups 2124:Movement for Restoration of Democracy 2099:imposed martial law in July 1977 and 2048: 1994: 1825: 2402:https://www.jstor.org/stable/3234301 2295: 2271: 2269: 2140:with Wali Khan as its president and 2024: 1662:of the JUI as Chief Minister of the 996:Gilgit-Baltistan Election Commission 796:List of prime ministers of Pakistan 13: 2472:Cowasjee (25 April 1996) Old Hat. 1938: 1677: 625: 555: 14: 2546: 2266: 1729: 717:(written 1949, incorporated 1985) 428:Provincial assemblies of Pakistan 2087:National Democratic Party formed 1851:Pakistani general election, 1970 1706:Committee. The leftists, led by 1581:(NAP) after the independence of 1518: 285: 2500: 2465: 2454: 2444: 2406: 2394: 2385: 2372: 982:Territorial election commission 961:Election Commission of Pakistan 620:National Assembly (Lower House) 2495:A Journey into disillusionment 2437:Khan, Hamid (March 4th, 2004) 2322: 2311: 2251: 2242: 2224: 2079:(Urdu revolutionary poet) and 1642:was appointed Governor of the 1567:1967 split in the original NAP 907:Gilgit-Baltistan supreme court 772:List of presidents of Pakistan 497:Government of Gilgit-Baltistan 57:Syed Muhammad Kaswar Gardezi 1: 2204: 1991:to flee into exile to Kabul. 1774:Syed Muhammad Kaswar Gardezi 1561:The Wali Khan faction of the 2493:Mazari, Sherbaz Khan (1999) 1911:North-West Frontier Province 1835:1970 elections and aftermath 164:National Students Federation 7: 2147: 2012:Baloch Student Organization 1445:Minister of Foreign Affairs 1440:Ministry of Foreign Affairs 966:Chief Election Commissioner 911:Gilgit-Baltistan High Court 99:November 30, 1967 26:National Awami Party (Wali) 10: 2551: 2413:Interview Ishaque Mohammad 2369:. Retrieved March 10, 2006 2144:as its general-secretary. 2052: 1897: 1891: 1848: 1838: 1334:Pakistan Muslim League (N) 781:Prime Minister of Pakistan 2441:. 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435: 423: 421: 419: 418: 413: 408: 403: 401:Murad Ali Shah 398: 386: 384: 382: 381: 376: 371: 366: 364:Kamran Tessori 361: 349: 347: 345: 344: 339: 334: 329: 317: 313: 312: 304: 299: 298: 295: 294: 291: 290: 282: 281: 276: 269: 268: 266: 265: 260: 255: 249: 246: 245: 237: 236: 232: 231: 223: 219: 218: 213: 207: 206: 173: 167: 166: 161: 155: 154: 137: 133: 132: 127: 123: 122: 112: 108: 107: 97: 93: 92: 87: 83: 82: 75: 71: 70: 65: 64:Vice President 61: 60: 55: 51: 50: 45: 41: 40: 37: 33: 32: 25: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2547: 2536: 2533: 2531: 2528: 2526: 2523: 2522: 2520: 2508: 2503: 2496: 2490: 2488: 2486: 2484: 2477: 2475: 2468: 2462: 2457: 2447: 2440: 2434: 2432: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2414: 2409: 2403: 2397: 2388: 2381: 2375: 2358: 2354: 2349: 2343: 2334: 2325: 2319: 2314: 2305: 2303: 2301: 2299: 2283: 2279: 2272: 2270: 2263: 2260: 2254: 2245: 2239: 2235: 2232: 2227: 2217: 2215: 2210: 2200: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2190: 2187: 2185: 2182: 2180: 2179:Jennifer Musa 2177: 2175: 2172: 2170: 2167: 2165: 2162: 2160: 2157: 2155: 2154:Ajmal Khattak 2152: 2151: 2145: 2143: 2139: 2134: 2131: 2129: 2125: 2120: 2118: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2084: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2068: 2066: 2062: 2056: 2046: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2022: 2020: 2015: 2013: 2008: 2006: 2002: 1992: 1990: 1989:Ajmal Khattak 1985: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1956: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1936: 1933: 1929: 1918: 1916: 1912: 1905: 1901: 1895: 1885: 1882: 1877: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1857: 1852: 1846: 1842: 1832: 1818: 1816: 1813: 1812: 1809: 1806: 1803: 1802: 1799: 1798:Ajmal Khattak 1796: 1795: 1788: 1787: 1783: 1782: 1779: 1773: 1772: 1768: 1767: 1764: 1758: 1757: 1754: 1751: 1749: 1746: 1745: 1741: 1738: 1737: 1727: 1724: 1719: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1708:Afzal Bangash 1703: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1675: 1673: 1672:Ajmal Khattak 1669: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1636: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1605: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1590: 1588: 1587:East Pakistan 1584: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1552: 1547: 1545: 1540: 1538: 1533: 1532: 1530: 1529: 1526: 1516: 1515: 1508: 1507:United States 1505: 1503: 1500: 1498: 1495: 1493: 1490: 1489: 1488: 1487: 1480: 1477: 1475: 1472: 1470: 1467: 1466: 1465: 1464: 1457: 1453: 1450: 1446: 1443: 1442: 1441: 1438: 1437: 1436: 1431: 1426: 1425: 1418: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1409: 1408: 1407: 1400: 1397: 1395: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1385: 1382: 1381: 1380: 1379: 1373: 1370: 1369: 1368: 1363: 1358: 1357: 1350: 1349:Complete list 1347: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1335: 1332: 1331: 1330: 1329: 1328: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1303: 1302: 1300: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1272: 1270: 1267: 1265: 1262: 1260: 1257: 1255: 1252: 1250: 1247: 1245: 1241: 1240: 1238: 1237: 1236: 1235: 1225: 1222: 1220: 1217: 1215: 1212:Balochistan: 1211: 1210: 1208: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1179: 1178: 1176: 1171: 1168: 1166: 1163: 1161: 1158: 1156: 1153: 1151: 1147: 1146: 1144: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 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Index

Abdul Wali Khan
Ajmal Khattak
Abdul Wali Khan
NAP
ANP
MKP
PNP
NAP(M)
Student wing
National Students Federation
Ideology
Secularism
Socialism
Marxism
Democratic socialism
Social democracy
Progressivism
Minority rights
Anti-Islamism
Political position
Left-wing
Red

Politics of Pakistan
Political parties
Elections
Politics of Pakistan

Federalism
Federal government

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