1450:. The case originated when some California elementary school students were administered a school survey containing sexual questions. Parents, who had not been told the survey would contain questions of a sexual nature, brought the case forward. The court in that case initially ruled that parents' fundamental right to control the upbringing of their children "does not extend beyond the threshold of the school door", which upon petition for rehearing was struck and clarified to "does not entitle individual parents to enjoin school boards from providing information the boards determine to be appropriate in connection with the performance of their educational functions", and that a public school has the right to provide its students with "whatever information it wishes to provide, sexual or otherwise". NEA states that it does not "encourage schools to teach students to become gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgendered (LGBT)", but the NEA does believe that "schools should be safe for all students and advocates that schools should raise awareness of homophobia and intervene when LGBT students are harassed".
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support professional" members, with about 15%. The third largest category are "retired" members, which have grown from 8% to 10%. Two other categories, "active life" and "student" members, have both remained with around 2%, falling slightly. These categories are eligible to vote in the union, though the union lists some comparatively marginal categories which are not eligible to vote: "staff", "substitute" and "reserve" members, each with less than 1% of the union's membership. NEA contracts also cover some non-members, known as
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for the student members. The board also includes at-large representatives of ethnic minorities, administrators, classroom teachers in higher education, and active members employed in educational support positions. The
Executive Committee consists of the President, Vice President, and Secretary-Treasurer plus six members elected at large by delegates to the Representative Assembly. It acts for the board of directors when it is not in session.
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Education
Association's (NEA) annual representative assembly in Philadelphia. The event, which was scheduled to run for four days over the Fourth of July weekend, brings together thousands of educators to vote on the union's priorities, budget, and strategic plan. President Joe Biden, who was expected to address the delegates, canceled his appearance, citing his refusal to cross the picket line.
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support for candidates primarily on the organization's interpretation of candidates' support for public education and educators. Every presidential candidate endorsed by the NEA must be recommended by the NEA's PAC Council (composed of representatives from every state and caucus) and approved by the Board of
Directors by a 58 percent majority. In October 2015, the NEA endorsed
777:. Its main goal was for Congress to pass a multipurpose public finance bill that would supplement local property taxes in funding public schools. Some relief money was used to build schools, but the New Deal avoided channeling any of it through the Office of Education. Legislation never succeeded, because it would condone segregated schools in the South and because President
825:(AFT), which was a labor union for teachers in larger cities. The success of the AFT in raising wages through strike activity encouraged the NEA to undertake similar activities. The years between 1957 and 1973 saw a gradual shift in power to the association's classroom teachers, a tentative embrace of collective bargaining and teacher strikes, and the creation of a
810:, the historically Black teachers association founded as the National Association of Teachers in Colored Schools, in 1966. The NEA's merger with the ATA, its transformation into a true labor union, and other factors were to greatly change the organization's demographics. In 1967, the NEA elected its first Hispanic president,
1427:, and other reforms that make it easier for school districts to use disciplinary action against teachers. In July 2019, the NEA voted down a resolution that would have "re-dedicate itself to the pursuit of increased student learning in every public school in America by putting a renewed emphasis on quality education".
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Legislation never succeeded, because it would condone segregated schools in the South and because
Roosevelt rejected any across-the-board program. He believed that federal money should only go to the poorest schools, and none to rich states. The New Deal set up its own separate educational program through the
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Most NEA funding comes from dues paid by its members ($ 295 million in dues from a $ 341 million total budget in 2005). Typically, local chapters negotiate a contract with automatic deduction of dues from members' paychecks. Part of the dues remain with the local affiliate (the district association),
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investigation, former NEA President Reg Weaver commented, "Students must be protected from sexual predators and abuse, and teachers must be protected from false accusations". He then refused to be interviewed. The
Associated Press reported that much of the resistance to report the problem comes from
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NEA members set the union's policies through the
Representative Assembly (RA). The RA, which is a delegation comprising elected representatives from each local and state affiliate, coalitions of student members and retired members, and other segments of the united education profession—is the primary
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1918: The NEA Commission on the
Emergency in Education, with George Strayer as chairman, warned that the evidence from the wartime draft showed millions of potential soldiers were illiterate or poorly educated, and often in bad health. The NEA study said the cause was very low quality rural schools
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and executive committee are responsible for the general policies and interests of the NEA. The board of directors consists of one director from each state affiliate (plus an additional director for every 20,000 active members in the state), six directors for the retired members, and three directors
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case, which ended the compulsion of non-union, public employees to pay agency fees, or what are colloquially known as 'fair-share fees,' the NEA's total membership and agency fee payers dropped from 3,074,841 on its
November 28, 2017, report to 2,975,933 in its August 31, 2019, report, a total loss
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For most of the 20th century, the NEA was dominated by the public school administration in small towns and rural areas. The state organizations played a major role in policy formation for the NEA. Only a small portion of
American public school teachers were unionized before the 1960s. That began to
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1923–1928: Hunter's "Committee of One
Hundred on the Problem of Tenure" stressed the advantages of tenure for society. In 1925, it argued that tenure "protects the great body of good teachers from political attack and from dismissal for petty personal and political reasons", but also argued that
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Federal law prohibits unions from using dues money or other assets to contribute to or otherwise assist federal candidates or political parties, in accordance with their tax-exempt status. The NEA Fund for Children and Public Education is a special fund for voluntary contributions from NEA members
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According to NEA's Department of Labor records since 2005, when membership classifications were first reported, the majority of the union's membership are "active professional" members, having fallen only slightly from 74% to the current 71%. The second largest category have been "active education
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1918: The report "Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education" emphasized the education of students in terms of health, a command of fundamental processes, worthy home membership, vocation, citizenship, worthy use of leisure, and ethical character. They emphasized life adjustment and reflected the
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In the 1970s, more militant politics came to characterize the NEA. Its political action committee engaged in local election campaigns, and the union began endorsing political candidates who supported its policy goals. State NEA branches became less important as the national and local levels began
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1930s: The NEA lobbied, mostly unsuccessfully, for Congress to pass a multipurpose public finance bill that would supplement local property taxes in funding public schools. Some relief money was used to build schools, but the New Deal avoided channeling any of it through the Office of Education.
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Based on required filings with the federal government, it is estimated that between 1990 and 2002, eighty percent of the NEA's substantial political contributions went to Democratic Party candidates. Ninety-five percent of contributions went to Democrats in 2012. the NEA maintains that it bases
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NEA has played a role in politics since its founding, as it has sought to influence state and federal laws that would affect public education. The extent to which the NEA and its state and local affiliates engage in political activities, especially during election cycles, has been a source of
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The National Education Association Staff Organization (NEASO) is the staff union representing employees who work for the NEA. In July 2024, NEASO staff members went on a three-day strike protesting what it charged were NEA’s unfair labor practices. This resulted in the halting of the National
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Driven by pressure from teacher organizing, by the 1970s the NEA transformed from an education advocacy organization to a rank-and-file union. In the decades since, the association has continued to represent organized teachers and other school workers in collective bargaining and to lobby for
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As of 2014 these categories account for about: 2.1 million "active professionals", 457,000 "active education support professionals", 300,000 "retirees", 52,000 "students", 42,000 "active life" members, and just under nine thousand others, plus about 90,000 non-members paying agency fees.
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National Read Across America Day is an NEA initiative to encourage reading. It has expanded into a year-long program with special celebrations in March as National Reading Month. Read Across America Day began in 1998, on March 2 which was the birthday of the popular children's author,
1153:. The NEA partnered with Dr. Seuss Enterprises on the venture from 1997 to 2018, when the contract ended. Since 2017, NEA's Read Across America focuses on the importance, value, and fun of reading and sharing diverse books and "celebrating a nation of diverse readers".
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which can legally be used to assist candidates and political parties. Critics have repeatedly questioned the NEA's actual compliance with such laws, and a number of legal actions focusing on the union's use of money and union personnel in partisan contexts have ensued.
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rather than a labor union. The NTA became the National Education Association (NEA) in 1870 when it merged with the American Normal School Association, the National Association of School Superintendents, and the Central College Association. The union was
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in the South, badly trained teachers, and inequitable financing. It called for $ 100 million of federal aid to remedy the deficiencies, but none was forthcoming. Many states, however, started setting minimal standards for rural schools.
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1311:(H.J.Res 59; 113th Congress). The NEA urged representatives to vote no because the bill "continues the devastating cuts to education set in motion by the sequester and permanently defunds the Affordable Care Act."
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and is active in the nominating process for Democratic candidates. From 1989 through the 2014 election cycle, the NEA spent over $ 92 million on political campaign contributions, 97% of which went to Democrats.
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Following the strike, the NEA locked out nearly 300 staff members working at its headquarters in Washington, D.C. These staff members will not be paid or allowed to work until a new contract is reached.
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rejected any across-the-board program. He believed that federal money should only go to the poorest schools, and none to rich states. The New Deal set up its own separate educational program through the
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1920s: The main NEA goals during this period were to raise teacher salaries, raise standards, and to gain a cabinet-level U.S. Secretary of Education. Success on the cabinet issue came only in 1979.
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also announced that, for the first time, stand-alone NEA locals as well as those that had merged with the AFT would be allowed to join state and local labor federations affiliated with the AFL-CIO.
829:. These changes culminated in a new constitution adopted in 1973. The constitution expelled school administrators entirely and made structural changes to allow the NEA to operate as a labor union.
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In recent decades the NEA has increased its visibility in party politics, contributing funds and other assistance to political campaigns. Like other American labor unions, the NEA has favored the
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progressive education policy. The NEA's political agenda frequently brings it into conflict with conservative interest groups. State affiliates of the NEA regularly lobby state legislators for
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After 1957, the NEA began a process that would transform it into an organization representing the teachers in its districts, rather than just the administrators. It came to resemble the rival
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With the modern scrutiny placed on teacher misconduct, particularly regarding sexual abuse, the NEA has been criticized for its alleged failure to crack down on abusive teachers. From an
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was elected the NTA's first president and presided over the organization's first annual meeting in 1858. At the beginning and for its first century of history, it had the character of a
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a portion goes to the state association, and a portion is given to the national association. The NEA returned 39 percent of dues money back to state affiliates in 2021 and 2022.
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The NEA reported a membership of 766,000 in 1961. In 2007, at the 150th anniversary of its founding, NEA membership had grown to 3.2 million. However, by July 2012,
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1969: 450,000 teachers were covered by 1,019 collective bargaining agreements. The NEA accounted for 90 percent of the contracts and 61 percent of the teachers.
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1984: The NEA lobbied for passage of a federal retirement equity law to provide the means to end sex discrimination against women in retirement funds.
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controversy. The organization tracks legislation related to education and the teaching profession and encourages members to get involved in politics.
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Maritza De La Trinidad, "Mexican Americans and the push for culturally relevant education: the bilingual education movement in Tucson, 1958–1969".
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A leading critic of NEA from the left is Dr. Rich Gibson, whose article on the NEA–AFT merger convention outlines a critique of unionism itself.
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The NEA has a membership of just under 3 million people, with membership levels dropping every year since 2010. The NEA is incorporated as a
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Women of the West: A Series of Biographical Sketches of Living Eminent Women in the Eleven Western States of the United States of America
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legislative and policy-making body of the NEA. RA delegates elect the union's executive officers and members of the Executive Committee.
697:, retired educators, and college students preparing to become teachers. The NEA has just under 3 million members and is headquartered in
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Gender, Race, and the National Education Association: Professionalism and Its Limitations. By Wayne J. Urban. New York: Routledge, 2000.
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direct and unmediated relationships. The NEA's elected leadership often supported teachers in opposition to school administrators.
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1503:, life member of the NEA, elected a delegate to represent northern California at the annual convention in Columbus, Ohio, in 1931
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1965: The NEA worked with Catholic school leaders to pass the Elementary and Secondary Education Act for federal aid to schools.
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Some critics have alleged the NEA puts the interests of teachers ahead of students. The NEA has often opposed measures such as
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2009: NEA delegates to the Representative Assembly passed a resolution opposing discriminatory treatment of same-sex couples.
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Inclusion of the "NEA Ex-Gay Caucus" at a convention in 2006 sparked controversy. Some critics believe the NEA promotes a
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in early July 1998. However, five NEA state affiliates have since merged with their AFT counterparts. Mergers occurred in
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1920: The "Preliminary Report on the Tenure of Teachers" cautiously recommended that school boards adopt a policy of
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Christine Maitland, "NEA Higher Education: 150 Years and Growing". Thought & Action (Fall 2007): 71–82; at p 75.
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1923: The NEA began to promote state pension plans for teachers; by 1950, every state had a pension plan in effect.
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3807:. University of Albany Library M.E. Grenander Department of Special Collections and Archives. Archived from
2566:"'Read Across America Day,' once synonymous with Dr. Seuss, is diversifying. Here's why things have changed"
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Harvey Kantor, "Education, social reform, and the state: ESEA and federal education policy in the 1960s".
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3533:"Unjustly Usupring the Parental Right: Fields v. Palmdale School District, 427 F.3d 1197 (9th Cir. 2005)"
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1940s: The NEA successfully lobbied Congress for special funding for public schools near military bases.
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General meeting, National Education Association on July 3, 1916, at Madison Square Garden, New York City
3902:"National Education Association". Infoplease. Based on Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2007.
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2020: Together with the American Federation of Teachers, NEA issued a report expressing opposition to
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payers, which since 2006 have numbered comparatively about 3% of the size of the union's membership.
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1966:
Wayne J. Urban, "The Making of a Teachers’ Union: The National Education Association, 1957–‐1972".
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Department of Education Battle, 1918-1932 Public Schools, Catholic Schools, and the Social Order
3061:"Nation's largest teachers union launches ad campaign as Congress debates No Child Left Behind"
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2091:(eds. Ronald D. Henderson, Wayne J. Urban, and Paul Wolman), Emerald Group, 2004. pp. 113–116.
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1435:"where fellow teachers look away", and "school administrators make behind-the-scenes deals".
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Mandate high school graduation or equivalency as compulsory for everyone below the age of 21
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Wayne J. Urban, "Foreshadowing the Seventies: Teacher Militancy and the NEA, 1900 – 1922",
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law for public employees. Over the next 20 years, most other states adopted similar laws.
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During the early 20th century, the National Education Association was among the leading
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1968: After years of feuding, the AFT suggested a merger with the NEA. The NEA refuses.
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for president. He won and secured the creation of the Department of Education in 1979.
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The National Education Association headquarters located at 1201 16th Street near the
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1972: The New York State Teachers Association quit the NEA and merged with the AFT.
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Public Employee Retirement Systems: The Structure and Politics of Teacher Pensions
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Teacher Strike! Public Education and the Making of a New American Political Order
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1980:
John F. Lyons (2007). "American Federation of Teachers". In Eric Arnesen (ed.).
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The NEA had a budget of more than $ 341 million for the 2012–2013 fiscal year.
1104:(Executive Director). These posts are elected by the Representative Assembly.
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reported that NEA had lost nearly 0.3% of their members each year since 2010.
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1906:. 34 Stat. 804 ~ House Bill 10501. Legis★Works. June 30, 1906. Archived from
465:
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Patriotic and national organizations chartered by the United States Congress
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1597:"Nation's largest labor union: We want 2016 hopefuls talking about schools"
1471:, first teacher to serve as president of the National Education Association
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Principal's Office, The: A Social History of the American School Principal
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1968-68: There was a wave of school strikes outside South, 80% by the NEA.
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Timothy Reese Cain, "The NEA's Early Conflict over Educational Freedom",
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1936:
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being held in schools, calling on the drills to be revised or eliminated.
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1557:, vice-president of the Western Division of Department of Deans of Women
1261:, with federal funding for Spanish-language education in public schools.
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3831:"Doctor Mary Yost, Former Stanford Dean of Women, Is Claimed by Stroke"
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2154:"NEA's Staff Union Is on Strike—Halting NEA's Biggest Annual Gathering"
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2980:"Letter to the House Opposing the Continuing Resolution H. J. Res. 59"
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Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on
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Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on
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Jay L. Chronister, "Benefits and Retirement in a Decade of Change",
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1980: 464 NEA delegates attended the Democratic National Convention.
3033:"NEA: No Child Left Behind rewrite doesn't level the playing field"
1941:
Public Schools in Hard Times: The Great Depression and Recent Years
774:
576:
2457:
1675:"New president of national teachers union a Pitt, Penn State grad"
841:
In 1998, a tentative merger agreement was reached between NEA and
3711:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
3136:"NEA's 12-Point Action Plan for Reducing the School Dropout Rate"
2738:
Cain, "The NEA's Early Conflict over Educational Freedom", (2009)
874:
870:
854:
721:
690:
686:
3372:"Hillary Clinton Gets Backing of National Education Association"
1852:
Encyclopedia of the Social and Cultural Foundations of Education
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administrators should maintain control over dismissal decisions.
3753:"William G. Carr Is Dead at 95; Former Head of Teachers' Group"
2592:"Dr. Seuss Books Can Be Racist, But Students Keep Reading Them"
2180:"Staff Who Disrupted NEA's Assembly Will Be Locked Out of Work"
849:
failed soundly in the NEA's Representative Assembly meeting in
609:
3881:". Prepared for the Special Collections Research Center,
2886:
Maitland, "NEA Higher Education: 150 Years and Growing". p 76.
2346:"Form LM-2 Labor Organization Annual Report 2019; Schedule 13"
2321:"Form LM-2 Labor Organization Annual Report 2017; Schedule 13"
724:, seek to influence education policy, and file legal actions.
3006:"Teachers unions express opposition to active shooter drills"
2895:
Maitland, "NEA Higher Education: 150 Years and Growing". p 76
2089:
Teacher Unions and Education Policy: Retrenchment or Reform?
2810:
Docherty, James C.; van der Velden, Sjaak (June 14, 2012).
1937:
David B. Tyack; Robert Lowe & Elisabeth Hansot (1984).
1932:
1930:
1928:
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1910–1915: Women played increasing leadership roles in NEA.
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Cultural Logic: A Journal of Marxist Theory & Practice
2662:
Citizen Teacher: The Life and Leadership of Margaret Haley
2635:
Citizen Teacher: The Life and Leadership of Margaret Haley
2222:
1901:"National Education Association Act of 1906 ~ P.L. 59-398"
1792:"Teachers' Unions Will Show Political Clout at Convention"
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A minimum $ 40,000 starting annual salary for all teachers
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3591:
International Perspectives on Education, Religion and Law
2351:. US Department of Labor. August 31, 2019. Archived from
3938:, University of Washington Libraries Special Collections
3823:
2494:"Secretary of Labor Elaine Chao – A Lady of Achievement"
1925:
1875:
Levinson, David; Cookson, Peter; Sadovnik, Alan (2014).
1477:, in 1913 she spoke at their convention in San Francisco
1327:
The NEA has taken positions on policy issues including:
1231:, a law that provided a range of benefits for returning
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2711:
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Jenkins, Tiara; Yarmosky, Jessica (February 26, 2019).
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1619:
159:
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1999:
The Inside Story of the Teacher Revolution in America
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and other support personnel, faculty and staffers at
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Professional associations based in the United States
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1982:
Encyclopedia of U.S. Labor and Working-class History
753:
in 1857 as the National Teachers Association (NTA).
3997:
Educational organizations based in Washington, D.C.
3885:, The George Washington University, Washington, DC.
3453:Irvine, Martha; Tanner, Robert (October 20, 2007).
2775:
The World Book Encyclopedia Annual Supplement: 1951
1616:
2911:
1996:
1938:
1273:1970s: State affiliates become powerful lobbyists.
1088:As of 2024, the executive officers of the NEA are
837:Relations with the American Federation of Teachers
814:. In 1968, NEA elected its first black president,
789:
3448:
3446:
2862:Blackboard Unions: The AFT and the NEA, 1900–1980
2749:Blackboard Unions: The AFT and the NEA, 1900–1980
2424:
2422:
2064:"Elizabeth Koontz, 69, Dies; Led Teachers' Union"
1744:Blackboard Unions: the AFT and the NEA: 1900–1980
1497:, Executive Director of the NEA from 1952 to 1967
3943:
3455:"Thousands of teachers cited for sex misconduct"
2982:. National Education Association. Archived from
2658:
2631:
2379:"Understanding NEA's Current Membership Numbers"
1360:and all forms of competition with public schools
1293:2000: The NEA began to lobby for changes to the
3982:Teacher associations based in the United States
3726:"Educator Event with First Lady Dr. Jill Biden"
3430:"New Business Item 2 - 2019 NEA Annual Meeting"
2589:
3805:"Alumni Association 150th Anniversary Exhibit"
3779:"They'll Be Here Too, for Teachers Convention"
3642:"NEA-AFT-AFL-CIO? 'Not Just No, But HELL NO!'"
3607:
3443:
2452:
2450:
2419:
1785:
1403:. Clinton accepted the endorsement in person.
3349:"Top teachers union endorses Hillary Clinton"
3307:"National Education Assn Profile: Recipients"
1979:
1391:or third party candidate for the presidency.
1081:, the global federation of teachers' unions.
643:
3879:Guide to the National Education Association-
3689:
3480:"Gays, Ex-Gays Square Off At NEA Convention"
3452:
2251:Choice and Competition in American Education
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2036:
1845:
1843:
1762:. Champaign: University of Illinois Press.
1353:Reforming Social Security Offsets (GPO/WEP)
1335:to reduce the focus on standardized testing
1052:
727:At the national level, the NEA lobbies the
3870:
3751:Thomas, Robert McG. Jr. (March 10, 1996).
3685:
3683:
3681:
3679:
3677:
3675:
3482:. 365gay.com. July 2, 2006. Archived from
2787:Glenn C. Altschuler and Stuart M. Blumin,
2718:. Cornell University Press. pp. 1–2.
2685:Karen Graves, "The Cardinal Principles",,
2293:
2102:"North Dakota United, Bismarck, ND (2021)"
1781:
1779:
1309:Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2014
1303:2013: the NEA wrote an open letter to the
1128:
650:
636:
38:
3557:
2973:
2971:
2399:
2296:"USA's top teachers union losing members"
2253:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 124.
1322:
1257:1968: The NEA lobbied for passage of the
1238:1958: The NEA helped gain passage of the
773:The NEA was never on good terms with the
217:History of education in the United States
3932:Washington Education Association records
3690:Binheim, Max; Elvin, Charles A. (1928).
3540:Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy
3369:
2937:The NEA 1999 Almanac of Higher Education
2812:Historical Dictionary of Organized Labor
2563:
2438:"Teacher of the Year to Union President"
2326:. US Department of Labor. April 17, 2019
2248:
2127:"Teachers local allowed to join AFL-CIO"
1962:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1877:Education and Sociology: An Encyclopedia
1849:
1840:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1699:Grunwald, Michael (September 23, 2015).
1698:
1363:Reforming laws governing charter schools
1160:
1132:
661:
3672:
3238:. NEA. October 30, 2008. Archived from
3190:. NEA. October 31, 2008. Archived from
3138:. NEA. November 7, 2008. Archived from
3090:. NEA. October 21, 2009. Archived from
2617:California Journal of Teacher Education
2514:
2491:
2376:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2177:
2151:
2087:Wayne J. Urban, "Teacher Politics", In
1994:
1776:
1755:
1156:
14:
3944:
3934:, 1920-1977. 63.56 cubic feet. At the
3750:
3639:
3164:. NEA. August 18, 2008. Archived from
3030:
2968:
2464:. National Education Association. 2024
1718:
1669:
1667:
1594:
1305:United States House of Representatives
3588:
3346:
3058:
2061:
1984:. Vol. 1. Routledge. p. 89.
1973:
1953:
1731:
1585:) Report submitted November 29, 2022.
1374:
1276:1976: 265 NEA delegates attended the
1183:women's suffrage in the United States
903:
714:United States Department of Education
242:History of education in New York City
232:History of education in Massachusetts
3370:Haberman, Maggie (October 3, 2015).
2998:
2952:. NEA. June 26, 2009. Archived from
2789:The GI Bill: A New Deal for Veterans
2700:American Educational History Journal
2687:American Educational History Journal
2278:Office of Labor-Management Standards
2233:Office of Labor-Management Standards
2213:Office of Labor-Management Standards
2197:
1945:. Harvard University Press. p.
1823:
1630:Office of Labor-Management Standards
1579:Office of Labor-Management Standards
979:
945:
933:
682:in the United States. It represents
3992:1857 establishments in Pennsylvania
3397:
2541:. Landmarklegal.org. Archived from
2062:Saxon, Wolfgang (January 8, 1989).
1664:
1444:U.S. Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals
1044:Following the Supreme Court's 2018
24:
3287:"NEA endorses Kerry for president"
3031:Layton, Lyndsey (April 11, 2015).
2977:
2564:Aspegren, Elinor (March 2, 2021).
1854:. SAGE Publications. p. 534.
1595:Layton, Lyndsey (March 25, 2014).
1456:
1448:Fields v. Palmdale School District
1423:, certain curricular changes, the
1245:1964: The NEA lobbied to pass the
1071:Title 36 of the United States Code
25:
4008:
3962:Trade unions in the United States
3913: (archived April 9, 2010) by
3883:Estelle and Melvin Gelman Library
3857:
3530:
3508:. Crisis Magazine. Archived from
3347:Scott, Eugene (October 3, 2015).
2515:Sawchuk, Stephen (July 1, 2012).
2377:Sawchuk, Stephen (July 4, 2013).
799:became the first state to pass a
3972:Trade unions established in 1857
3797:
3732:. National Education Association
3706:
2849:A Companion to Lyndon B. Johnson
2814:. Scarecrow Press. p. 190.
2712:Suzanne Saunders Taylor (1986).
2492:Weyrich, Paul (April 12, 2006).
2178:Schultz, Brooke (July 8, 2024).
2152:Schultz, Brooke (July 5, 2024).
1826:"National Education Association"
1369:U.S. Global Leadership Coalition
984:
950:
705:is the NEA's current president.
619:
608:
237:History of education in Missouri
227:History of education in Kentucky
18:National Educational Association
3771:
3744:
3718:
3696:. Los Angeles: Publishers Press
3633:
3582:
3524:
3498:
3472:
3422:
3391:
3363:
3340:
3317:
3299:
3279:
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3228:
3206:
3180:
3154:
3128:
3106:
3080:
3052:
3024:
2942:
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2898:
2889:
2880:
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2854:
2841:
2828:
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2794:
2781:
2767:
2754:
2741:
2732:
2705:
2692:
2679:
2652:
2625:
2609:
2583:
2557:
2531:
2517:"Big Membership Losses for NEA"
2508:
2485:
2476:
2431:
2393:
2370:
2338:
2313:
2287:
2242:
2171:
2145:
2119:
2094:
2081:
2055:
2030:
2021:
1988:
1968:Historical Studies in Education
1893:
1868:
1817:
1806:
1485:First Lady of the United States
843:American Federation of Teachers
823:American Federation of Teachers
790:From association to labor union
222:History of education in Chicago
3952:National Education Association
3785:. November 30, 1933. p. 3
1749:
1692:
1639:
1588:
1568:
1278:Democratic National Convention
1240:National Defense Education Act
1227:1944: The NEA lobbied for the
976:Finances (US records; ×$ 1000)
942:Membership (US records; ×1000)
916:
883:New York State United Teachers
672:National Education Association
557:Full-service community schools
33:National Education Association
13:
1:
3059:Brown, Emma (April 6, 2015).
2836:American Journal of Education
2003:. R&L Education. p.
1850:Provenzo, Eugene Jr. (2008).
1636:submitted September 26, 2014.
1561:
1490:Della Prell Darknell Campbell
859:Florida Education Association
808:American Teachers Association
3936:Labor Archives of Washington
3615:"NEA: A Response to Critics"
3398:Moe, Terry (July 19, 2006).
3188:"Our Position & Actions"
2284:submitted November 26, 2007.
2239:submitted November 29, 2012.
1724:Slawson, Douglas J. (2005).
1406:
1387:. It has never endorsed any
1338:Increasing education funding
1280:; the NEA endorsed Democrat
1073:. It is not a member of the
712:advocates of establishing a
60:; 167 years ago
7:
3793:– via Newspapers.com.
3658:10.14288/clogic.v3i0.192686
3400:"A Union by Any Other Name"
3334:September 27, 2015, at the
2665:. SUNY Press. p. 179.
2638:. SUNY Press. p. 179.
2539:"Landmark Legal Foundation"
2294:Greg Toppo (July 3, 2012).
2041:. SUNY Press. p. 106.
1367:The NEA is a member of the
1219:Civilian Conservation Corps
1188:social efficiency model of
1065:in most. The group holds a
786:and other relief agencies.
784:Civilian Conservation Corps
744:
535:For-profit higher education
10:
4013:
3907:NEA Accountability Project
3589:Russo, Charles J. (2014).
2400:International, Education.
2037:Rousmaniere, Kate (2013).
1879:. Routledge. p. 665.
1652:. Internal Revenue Service
1221:and other relief agencies.
1115:
1100:(Secretary-Treasurer) and
827:political action committee
739:
488:School corporal punishment
3915:Landmark Legal Foundation
3593:. Routledge. p. 32.
3506:"(In)Tolerance Education"
2847:Mitchell B. Lerner, ed.,
2764:(1991) pp 132–36, 142–49.
2659:Kate Rousmaniere (2005).
2632:Kate Rousmaniere (2005).
1061:in a few states and as a
896:In 2006, the NEA and the
523:School-to-work transition
154:
144:
131:
121:
105:
94:
82:
72:
54:
46:
37:
2777:. 1950. pp. 130–36.
2689:(2010) 37#1–2, pp 95–107
2215:. File number 000-342. (
1647:"IRS Form 990 2012–2013"
1581:. File number 000-342. (
1543:Pearl Anderson Wanamaker
1465:, founder and president.
1425:No Child Left Behind Act
1333:No Child Left Behind Act
1295:No Child Left Behind Act
1059:professional association
1053:Structure and governance
1029:
1023:
1017:
1011:
806:The NEA merged with the
759:professional association
626:United States portal
172:This article is part of
27:US teachers' trade union
3977:Education International
3891:influence profile from
3889:National Education Assn
3325:"Federal endorsements"
3216:. NEA. October 30, 2008
2406:Education International
2280:. File number 000-342.
2249:Peterson, Paul (2006).
2235:. File number 000-342.
1679:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
1632:. File number 000-342.
1551:, president (1937–1938)
1545:, president (1946–1947)
1539:, president (1954–1955)
1533:, founder and president
1509:, president (1933–1934)
1442:, especially since the
1419:, weakening of teacher
1259:Bilingual Education Act
1181:1912: The NEA endorsed
1142:Read Across America Day
1129:Read Across America Day
1079:Education International
1049:of 98,908 dues payers.
845:(AFT) negotiators, but
816:Elizabeth Duncan Koontz
749:The NEA was founded in
344:Education policy issues
313:Environmental education
149:Education International
3967:Education trade unions
3116:. NEA. August 18, 2008
2702:(2009) 36#1 pp 361–375
2274:US Department of Labor
2229:US Department of Labor
2209:US Department of Labor
1626:US Department of Labor
1575:US Department of Labor
1507:Jessie Gray (educator)
1323:Other policy positions
1170:
1145:
729:United States Congress
667:
481:Standards-based reform
456:Gender achievement gap
446:Racial achievement gap
379:Educational attainment
3640:Gibson, Rich (1998).
3168:on September 19, 2012
2877:44#3 (2015): 316–338.
2619:(1978) 5#1 pp. 55–82
1995:Cameron, Don (2005).
1794:. Wall Street Journal
1756:Shelton, Jon (2017).
1469:Cornelia Storrs Adair
1401:2016 presidential bid
1316:active shooter drills
1190:progressive education
1164:
1136:
1067:congressional charter
801:collective bargaining
795:change in 1959, when
779:Franklin D. Roosevelt
665:
547:Research universities
414:Student financial aid
409:Graduate unemployment
384:Post-secondary issues
360:Primary and secondary
323:Mathematics education
3759:. New York, New York
3512:on December 19, 2006
2950:"New Business Items"
2875:History of Education
2482:NEA (2007) pp. 15–16
1913:on December 20, 2016
1701:"Arne Duncan's Wars"
1549:Caroline S. Woodruff
1475:C. Louise Boehringer
1157:Political activities
885:formed in 2006) and
615:Education portal
451:Desegregation busing
404:Elite overproduction
333:Vocational education
3897:Sunlight Foundation
3783:The Austin American
3327:Education Minnesota
3262:"Coalition Members"
3142:on February 9, 2013
3094:on October 14, 2012
3066:The Washington Post
3038:The Washington Post
3012:. February 12, 2020
2956:on December 2, 2012
2751:(1991) pp 132, 140.
2133:. February 14, 2006
1790:(August 23, 1996).
1602:The Washington Post
1525:Caroline Haven Ober
1519:Vesta C. Muehleisen
1513:Kate Wetzel Jameson
1501:Sabra R. Greenhalgh
1495:William George Carr
1031: Disbursements
891:North Dakota United
867:Education Minnesota
568:Levels of education
540:For-profit colleges
508:Foreign involvement
34:
3920:One Hat for Labor?
3893:Influence Explorer
3835:The Stanford Daily
3757:The New York Times
3531:Davis, Elliott M.
3377:The New York Times
3242:on August 18, 2020
3162:"Achievement Gaps"
3114:"Professional Pay"
2986:on October 4, 2013
2939:(1999) pp: 93–110.
2068:The New York Times
1828:. Encyclopedia.com
1824:Cardinal, Denise.
1375:Electoral politics
1171:
1146:
1144:in Maryland, 1998.
1109:board of directors
1096:(Vice President),
904:2024 NEASO Lockout
668:
530:Community colleges
476:School segregation
394:Cost and financing
318:Language education
32:
3922:by David Moberg,
3811:on August 7, 2007
3600:978-1-135-01990-7
3236:"Charter Schools"
2924:Blackboard Unions
2908:(1991) pp 253–54.
2906:Blackboard Unions
2860:Marjorie Murphy,
2762:Blackboard Unions
2747:Marjorie Murphy,
1769:978-0-252-09937-3
1742:Marjorie Murphy,
1531:William F. Phelps
1440:gay rights agenda
1077:, but is part of
1019: Liabilities
1006:
1005:
972:
971:
934:Membership trends
893:formed in 2013).
877:formed in 2000),
869:formed in 1998),
861:formed in 2000);
678:) is the largest
660:
659:
513:Special education
503:Sexual harassment
296:Medical education
250:Curriculum topics
186:
166:
165:
16:(Redirected from
4004:
3928:, April 29, 2009
3874:
3869:
3868:
3866:Official website
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3687:
3670:
3669:
3637:
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3630:
3628:
3626:
3621:on July 14, 2007
3617:. Archived from
3611:
3605:
3604:
3586:
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3579:
3577:
3575:
3569:law.resource.org
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3194:on July 29, 2012
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2864:(1991) pp 252–53
2858:
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2851:(2012) pp 264–65
2845:
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2791:(2009) pp 54, 66
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2552:
2550:
2545:on April 9, 2010
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2524:
2519:. Education Week
2512:
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2381:. Education Week
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1432:Associated Press
1381:Democratic Party
1247:Civil Rights Act
1140:participates in
1032:
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1024:
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988:
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980:
954:
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733:federal agencies
699:Washington, D.C.
652:
645:
638:
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552:Community school
471:Racial diversity
441:Achievement gaps
345:
207:in insular areas
189:
185:Education in the
184:
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127:2,872,000 (2022)
114:
99:Washington, D.C.
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1358:school vouchers
1349:achievement gap
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1201:academic tenure
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3815:December 23,
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3809:the original
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3036:
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995:Phabricator
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