Knowledge

115: 69: 34: 2453:"For having envisioned, designed and implemented world standards for real-time, personal and server-based operating systems for over 30 years, carrying these projects from conception through design, engineering and production for Digital Equipment Corporation’s RSX-11 and VAX/VMS and for Microsoft's Windows NT-based computer operating systems, and for his fundamental contributions to computer architecture, compilers, operating systems and software engineering." 2466:"For leadership in the development of the economic relationship of quality costs, productivity improvement, and profitability and for his pioneering application of economics, general systems theory and technology, statistical methods and management principles that define the Total Quality Management approach for achieving performance excellence and global competitiveness. " 207: 2521:"For an exceptional 65-year record of developing cutting-edge aircraft, technologies, and systems solutions for the U.S. Government, including development of unique advanced aircraft technologies critical to the national defense; and for the introduction of operational “stealth” capability that has changed the landscape of U.S. war fighting capabilities." 3056:"For laying the foundation of modern plant biotechnology. Her breakthrough success developing the first genetically modified plant has led to the engineering of crops that can withstand insects, disease, extreme weather, and climate change, transforming agriculture, protecting the planet, and improving the health of people around the world." 2534:"For his pioneering inventions in cardiopulmonary medicine, including the medical respirator; devices that helped launch modern-day medical evacuation capabilities; and intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) technologies, which have saved the lives of millions of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other conditions." 2440:, devising widely used genetic counseling procedures and development of highly effective enzyme replacement therapy that provided the foundation for patient treatment; and for stimulating the creation of and fostering the success of many biotechnology companies that now produce the therapeutics for the treatment of these diseases." 3082:"For empowering the lives of millions of Americans. By inventing and developing cutting-edge wheelchair technologies and mobility devices, cultivating the next generation of rehabilitation engineers, and championing wounded veterans and students with disabilities, he moves us closer to being a nation that is accessible for all." 1567:"For his leadership of 20 years developing the U.S. semiconductor manufacturing equipment industry, and for his vision in building Applied Materials, Inc. into the leading equipment company in the world, a major exporter and a global technology pioneer which helps enable Information Age technologies for the benefit of society." 935:"For his original contributions to energy production and policy; for pioneering in nuclear power; for developing risk assessment and risk management concepts; for organizing the Electric Power Research Institute, a consortium; for leadership in engineering education and contributions to a technically trained U.S. work force." 1483:"For his unequaled achievements as a gifted inventor, tenacious entrepreneur, risk-taker and engineering genius in making the USA number one in small gas turbine engine technology and competitiveness, and for his leadership and vision in revitalizing the U.S. general aviation business jet and trainer jet aircraft industry." 1719:"For its leadership in applying breakthroughs in biology to the development of lifesaving and life-enhancing pharmaceutical products designed to treat large, previously underserved patient populations throughout the world, including development of hepatitis B vaccines, the first vaccines using recombinant DNA technology." 1896:"For pioneering contributions that transformed TV from analog to digital, enabling numerous integrated circuits, systems and services in broadcast TV, CATV, DBS, HDTV, and multimedia over the Internet; and for technical expertise and leadership, which have kept Bell Labs at the forefront in communications technology." 2359:"For his contributions to national security through the development of advanced, unconventional imaging from space, and for developing and fielding advanced systems with greatly enhanced survivability. He has made a profound difference in the national security posture and the global leadership of the United States." 2650:"for an extraordinary record of innovations in improving the energy efficiency and reducing the cost of gas liquefaction and separation. These innovations have had significant positive impacts on electronic device manufacturing, liquefied gas production, and the supply of industrial gases for diverse industries." 2190:"For the development and commercialization of new blood- testing technologies and systems for the direct detection of viral infections, including direct identification of West Nile Virus and simultaneous identification of HIV-1 and Hepatitis C virus in plasma of human blood and organ donors prior to transfusion." 677:"For his outstanding achievements in the design of a series of commercial, military, and reconnaissance aircraft that incorporated a wide range of technological advancements, and for his innovative management techniques which helped develop and produce these aircraft in record time and at a minimum cost." 2346:"For his contributions to electrode design and tissue restoration, which have led to the widespread use of a wide variety of clinical devices. His discoveries and inventions have saved and enriched thousands of lives and have formed the cornerstone of much of the modern implantable medical device field." 3134:"For advances in engineering and technology that transformed how we communicate. His work on broadband optical systems, data communications, and wireless technologies have made communication faster and clearer, including improvements in battlefield communications that strengthen our national security." 2372:"For his pioneering contributions and leadership in the development of the technology of lasers, optoelectronics, integrated optics, and lightwave communication systems that have been instrumental in driving the growth of fiber optic transmission systems for our Nation's communications infrastructure." 3182:"For enhancing human vision. Their invention of optical coherence tomography transformed ophthalmology by providing a detailed image of the retina for the first time. Their work is now the standard of care for the detection and treatment of eye disease, giving millions a new chance to see the world." 817:"For pioneering the development and commercialization of high-performance man-made polymers such as nylon, neoprene rubber, "Teflon" fluorocarbon resin, and a wide spectrum of new fibers, films, and engineering plastics which have strengthened America's global competitiveness and benefited humankind." 241: 830:"For his management of a wide range of commercial applications of new technology while serving as a senior executive in different industries; and for subsequent teaching and research, as a Professor of Industrial Engineering and Management Science, on the principles of technology commercialization." 225: 197: 2492:"For creation of novel lithographic imaging materials and techniques that have enabled the manufacturing of smaller, faster and more efficient microelectronic components that better the quality of the lives of people worldwide and improve the competitiveness of the U.S. microelectronics industry." 3160:"For technology that bolstered our nation’s security, economy, and connectivity. His creation of the “digital battlefield” represented a new approach to combat operations, integrating secure communications and precise, real-time data to minimize U.S. casualties and protect allies and civilians." 2479:"For fundamental contributions to electrochemistry and bioelectrochemistry and the subsequent application of those fundamentals in the development of technological products that improved the quality of life of millions across the globe, most notably in the area of human health and well-being." 1363:"For a series of technological innovations yielding a wide range of extraordinary products, from pollution control materials to space shuttle windows. For life changing and life enhancing inventions which made possible entire new industries – lighting, television and optical communications." 1578:"For his vision and outstanding leadership in the development and commercialization of ion implantation products that make possible the manufacture of modern semiconductors; and for his success in establishing and maintaining U.S. global leadership in the implantation equipment industry." 2547:"For her seminal development of the silver vanadium oxide battery that powers the majority of the world's lifesaving implantable cardiac defibrillators, and her innovations in other medical battery technologies that improve the health and quality of life of millions of people." 888:"For providing the technological foundation for information-age communications, and for overseeing the conversion of the national switched telephone network from analog to a digital-based technology for virtually all long-distance calls both nationwide and between continents." 2293:"For his contributions to the invention of the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) technology and the development of the MBE technology into an advanced electronic and photonic devices production tool, with applications to cellular phones, CD players, and high-speed communications." 1539:"For his pioneering work in the field of rotary-wing flight, his unique capacity for successful technology transfer from defense to commercial use, and for fostering a corporate environment in which diverse technological achievements flourish and new businesses are created." 2637:"For the IBM Blue Gene supercomputer and its systems architecture, design, and software, which have delivered fundamental new science, unsurpassed speed, and unparalleled energy efficiency and have had a profound impact worldwide on the high-performance computing industry." 1651:"For his inspirational skill, leadership, and technical accomplishments during six decades practicing cardiovascular surgery, including performing the first successful human heart transplant in the United States and the world's first implantation of an artificial heart…" 1967:"For his pioneering contributions to microelectronics that include spearheading the development of tools and techniques for modern integrated-circuit design, laying the foundation for fabless semiconductor companies, catalyzing the electronic-design automation field…" 1638:"For pioneering contributions to biomedical computing and engineering, including inventing the whole-body CT scanner which revolutionized the practice of radiology, and for his role in developing automated chromosome analysis for prenatal diagnosis of birth defects." 2411:"For the invention and development of the fundamental architecture for packet switched communication networks which provided a paradigm shift from the circuit switched communication networks of the past and later was used to build the ARPANET and the Internet." 2203:"For four decades of innovation in semiconductor technology that has enabled explosive growth in both the information technology and consumer electronics industries through the development and fabrication of smaller, more powerful microelectronic devices." 47: 2965:"For the development of a yeast-based technology that is able to co-ferment sugars extracted from plants to produce ethanol, and for optimizing this technology for large-scale and cost-effective production of renewable biofuels and industrial chemicals." 1509:"For his vision of American global technological leadership, his tireless advocacy of research and development for economic growth and higher living standards for all, and his energetic efforts to champion the innovative spirit of the American people." 1732:"For extending and enhancing human life through innovative pharmaceutical research and development, and for redefining the science of clinical study through groundbreaking and hugely complex clinical trials that are recognized models in the industry." 2135:"For more than 75 years of support of the cycle of innovation, from research to invention to investment, by supporting faculty and student research at the University of Wisconsin and pioneering the transfer of university ideas to U.S. businesses." 961:"For his continuing intellectual and industrial achievements in the field of computer design; and for his leading role in establishing cost-effective, powerful computers which serve as a significant tool for engineering, science and industry." 3147:"For transforming the way we treat cancer and advancing our progress toward ending cancer as we know it. By leading the development of the first effective immunotherapies, he has saved countless lives and inspired a generation of scientists." 3043:"For seminal work in the engineering of musculoskeletal tissues, especially for revolutionary achievements in the design of bone matrices and ligament regeneration; and for extraordinary work in promoting diversity and excellence in science." 2398:"For co-inventing the electret microphone in 1962. Ninety percent of the two billion microphones produced annually and used in everyday items such as telephones, hearing aids, camcorders, and multimedia computers employ electret technology." 2121:"For more than 85 years of sustained technical leadership and innovation for the petroleum refining and petrochemical industries; and for the invention and commercialization of adsorbents, catalysts, process plants, and process technology." 1745:"For pioneering innovations in multiple branches of computing, including early efforts in digital speech processing, invention of the first on-line system for interactive graphical mathematics computing and pioneering work on the ARPAnet." 2896:"For contributions to the advancement of devices for telecommunications, the use of light for studying matter, and for leadership in the development of the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) workforce in the United States." 2108:"For their pioneering work resulting in the design and manufacture of the cellular ceramic substrate for catalytic converters that enabled auto manufacturers to develop the first commercially mass-produced automotive catalytic converter." 536: 2242:"For pioneering efforts and industry leadership in the development and commercialization of aerodynamic, lightweight trucks that have dramatically reduced fuel consumption and increased the productivity of U.S. freight transportation." 1444:"For the discovery and development of a new class of materials-the amorphous magnetic materials-that are the basis of erasable, read-write, optical storage technology, now the foundation of the worldwide magnetic-optic disk industry." 2663:"for development and commercialization of the Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor and other power semiconductor devices that are extensively used in transportation, lighting, medicine, defense, and renewable energy generation systems." 1612:"For visionary leadership of the aerospace industry, for championing technical and managerial solutions to the many challenges in civil and defense systems, and for contributions to the United States world preeminence in aerospace." 3121:"For helping launch the groundbreaking 3D printing industry. Thanks to stereolithography, which he invented, countless products can be prototyped faster and cheaper, reshaping industries from aerospace to healthcare to education." 3030:"For pioneering innovations in microelectronics including reliability technologies, the first industry-standard model for circuit design, and the first 3-dimensional transistors, which radically advanced semiconductor technology." 2767:"For the development and commercialization of pressure swing adsorption oxygen-supply systems with a wide range of medical and industrial applications that have led to improved health and substantially reduced health care costs." 2939:"For pioneering innovations in material science that led to the development of technologies in diverse fields from manufacturing to medicine; and for innovative and inclusive leadership in higher education and entrepreneurship." 1272:"For his commercialization of various technologies through the establishment and development of over one hundred technology-based companies that employ tens of thousands of people and export over one billion dollars worldwide." 2814:"For the pioneering discovery of excimer laser ablative photodecomposition of human and animal tissue, laying the foundation for PRK and LASIK, laser refractive surgical techniques that have revolutionized vision enhancement." 2564:"For their pioneering contributions that spurred the desktop publishing revolution and for changing the way people create and engage with information and entertainment across multiple mediums including print, Web and video." 1939:"For leadership in science and technology, for the vision to create great science and innovative technology in the chemical industry, and for the positive impact that commercialization of this technology has had on society." 1121:"For his research on the effects of mechanical force on living tissues leading to safety developments in crash protection technology for automobiles, aircraft, trains, manned space flight and other modes of transportation." 2603:"for the invention of the digital camera, which has revolutionized the way images are captured, stored and shared, thereby creating new opportunities for commerce, for education and for improved worldwide communication." 995:"For his development and implementation of Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) architecture that significantly increased the speed and efficiency of computers, thereby enhancing U.S. technological competitiveness." 3564: 2883:"For pioneering contributions to the fields of biotechnology and personalized medicine, leading to the discovery and development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of cancer and other life-threatening diseases." 2052:"For his seminal contributions to engineering research and education and for pioneering ultrasonic methods for the detection of cracks and corrosion in aircraft, leading to improved safety for aircraft structures." 948:"For his outstanding leadership in the engineering profession with special recognition for his contributions to the development and application of advanced management techniques to world-class industrial projects." 2026:"For his research, development, and commercialization of automotive exhaust catalyst technology, shaping the industry from its very beginning and continually pushing to improve the quality of the air we breathe." 1705: 1097:"For their invention, development, and production of the Pegasus rocket, the world's first privately developed space launch vehicle, that has opened the door to greater commercial, scientific and defense uses." 1922:"For his pioneeriong role in the research and development of compound semiconductor materials and devices; for the invention and development of technologically and commercially important compound semiconductor 1457:"For creating, developing and applying advanced technologies to consumer products which have strengthened the American economy while helping to improve the quality of life for millions of consumers worldwide." 2991:"For pioneering inventions and commercialization of next generation DNA sequencing technologies, making access to genomic information easier, faster, and more cost-effective for researchers around the world." 1008:"For his broad technological contributions to solving environmental problems; and for his initiatives in developing novel, practical approaches to insect control products that are biodegradable and harmless." 2978:"For the invention, development, and application of bioelectronics in medicine, including a retinal prosthesis for restoring vision to the blind, thereby significantly improving patients’ quality of life." 2267:"For their work in the discovery, development and commercialization of Prevnar, the first-ever vaccine to prevent the deadly and disabling consequences of Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in children." 3308: 1160:"For his lifetime work of providing the key principles and methods by which enterprises manage the quality of their products and processes, enhancing their ability to compete in the global marketplace." 1021:"For his excellence in the development and implementation of strategies for engineering education; and for his successes in bringing women and minorities into the Nation's technological work force." 3017:"For innovation, development, and application of artificially structured quantum materials critical to ultrahigh performance semiconductor device technology used in today’s digital infrastructure." 1805:, text editing, on-line journals, shared-screen teleconferencing, and remote collaborative work. More than any other person, he created the personal computing component of the computer revolution." 1350:"For its leadership in developing innovative and important commercial therapeutics based on advances in cellular and molecular biology for delivery to critically ill patients throughout the world." 1307:"For his outstanding success in the development and processing of advanced high-temperature and high-performance materials, and the transfer of this technology to a variety of American industries." 1186:"For sustained innovation focusing on the discovery, development and worldwide commercialization of superior human and animal health products while maintaining proper concern for the environment." 1259:"For his vision and entrepreneurial talents, along with his technology and business leadership, in creating and commercializing a process (UNIPOL) that revolutionized the production of plastics." 3172: 3108:"For protecting democracy. His pioneering designs in elections technology aim to make voting more secure and accessible helping ensure that ours remains a government of, by, and for the people." 1147:"For his invention and contribution to the commercialization of long-lived plastic coatings for communications cable that has saved billions of dollars for telephone companies around the world…" 2385:"For his visionary leadership in advancing America's technological workforce and capacity for innovation through revitalizing the national partnership among academia, government, and industry." 3095:"For providing life-sustaining resources to communities around the world. His innovative, inexpensive technologies help meet profound needs, from drinking water to fuel-efficient cookstoves." 1771:"For his foresight and leadership in recognizing the commercial promise of recombinant DNA technology and his seminal role in the establishment and development of the biotechnology industry." 1522:"For a century of continuous innovation in research, development and commercialization of products that are critical in the management of disease, improvement of quality of life, reduction of 617:"For his vision and entrepreneurial efforts, his technical accomplishments and his business and technical leadership as the key contributor in creating a worldwide chemically based industry." 1047:"For her pioneering accomplishments in the development of computer programming languages that simplified computer technology and opened the door to a significantly larger universe of users." 2333:"For over 50 years of innovation in marking, materials, electronics, communications, and software that created the modern reprographics, digital printing, and print-on-demand industries." 2280:"For his innovative design and development of roadside and race track safety technologies that safely dissipate the energy of high-speed crashes, helping prevent fatalities and injuries." 1758:"For pioneering and innovative achievements in computer science such as voice recognition, which have overcome many barriers and enriched the lives of disabled persons and all Americans." 3551: 2590:"for her seminal contributions to diagnostic chemistry, primarily through dip-and-read urinalysis tests, that first enabled diabetics to monitor their blood glucose levels on their own." 1283:"For their independent contribution to the discovery and commercialization of environmentally friendly herbicides to help ensure an abundant food supply for a growing world population." 634:"For their independent contributions in conceiving and developing the application of magnetic resonance technology to medical uses including whole body scanning and diagnostic imaging." 2921: 2229:"For over 75 years of achievement and leadership in mobile communications, and for the development of innovative technologies that allow people to seamlessly connect with their world." 1296:"For his outstanding research contributions to the field of fluid mechanics and for his devotion for over 40 years to the education of the world's leaders in aeronautical engineering." 969: 841:"For the design, manufacture and commercialization of high performance jet engines that lead the world in performance, efficiency, life-cycle cost, and minimal environmental impact…" 2689:"for innovation in rocket propulsion systems for geosynchronous and low earth orbit communication satellites, which greatly improved the effectiveness of space propulsion systems." 871: 1173:"For his innovations in cataract surgical technology resulting in reduced rehabilitation time for millions of Americans, significant savings, and the creation of a new industry." 2306:"For pioneering dramatic improvements in the health of thousands of patients with rare diseases and harnessing the promise of biotechnology to develop innovative new therapies." 2624:"for the conception, design, development and application of the first microcomputer, a universal building block that enabled a multitude of novel digital electronic systems." 3176: 2952:"For invention of novel medical devices used in the treatment of many illnesses thereby improving the health and saving the lives of millions of patients around the world." 2676:"for developing and championing critical flight-safety sensors now used by aircraft worldwide, including ground proximity warning systems and wind-shear detection systems." 1393:"For his past and continuing technical leadership in the invention, development and commercialization of manufacturing automation systems for a wide variety of industries…" 3463: 250: 2926:"For developing the virus-like particles and related technologies that led to the generation of effective vaccines that specifically targeted HPV and related cancers." 3609: 2262: 1423:"For his groundbreaking work in the areas of affordable 3D visual computing and super computing technologies; and for his technical and leadership skills in building 1034:"For advancement of the American electronics industry through continuous technological innovation, establishing Motorola as a world-class electronics manufacturer." 3510: 2754:"For inventions and discoveries that led to the development of controlled drug release systems, engineered tissues, angiogenesis inhibitors, and new biomaterials." 922:"For patenting and commercializing over 100 filtration and other fluid clarification products which have contributed significantly to society in safety of flight…" 1784:"For visionary leadership in the development of modern computing technology, including computer networks, the personal computer and the graphical user interface." 3431: 3399: 2487: 174: 2577:"for his invention of cyanoacrylates, a new class of adhesives that have influenced medicine and industry, and are known widely to consumers as "super" glues." 2870:"For invention and commercialization of Flash storage technology to enable ubiquitous data in consumer electronics, mobile computing, and enterprise storage." 2780:"For invention of the LASIK surgical technique, and for developing the field of intraocular drug administration and expanding the field of retinal surgery." 2258: 1676:"For their pioneering achievements in plant biology and agricultural biotechnology, and for global leadership in the development and commercialization of 1671: 554: 2320:"For building the world's largest and most successful university research force to support the rapid growth and advance of the semiconductor industry." 1108:"For his management risk-taking in continuous innovation leading General Electric Company to world-class production of advanced engineering materials." 2505:"For pioneering the technology that encouraged and supported online trade, enabling global entrepreneurship and the growth of the Internet worldwide." 3004:"For sustained innovation through the engineering of first-of-a-kind, practical systems in acoustics, signal processing, and information technology." 2702:"for pioneering work in materials and electronic technologies including the design and development of the first charge-coupled device (CCD) imagers." 660:"For the invention of the electronic stroboscopic flash and for finding a multitude of applications for it within science, technology and industry." ( 3619: 1667: 3579: 3194: 973: 854:"For invention, development and introduction into clinical usage of the implantable cardiac pacemaker resulting in saving over two million lives." 2250: 1663: 2013:(LED) technology, with applications to digital displays, consumer electronics, automotive lighting, traffic signals, and general illumination." 355:"For their development and successful demonstration of the numerically-controlled machine tool for the production of three-dimensional shapes…" 1060:"For his concept of producing steel in minimills using revolutionary slabcasting technology that has revitalized the American steel industry." 3199: 2254: 1797:"For creating the foundations of personal computing including continuous, real-time interaction based on cathode-ray tube displays and the 1337:"For his leadership in the development and commercialization of new medical imaging technologies and related manufacturing initiatives…" 707:"For extraordinary and unselfish leadership in both industry and government, particularly in widely diversified technological fields…" 3287: 2073:, for his work toward meeting that vision, and for the resultant impact on the U.S. Government, industry, and academic communities." 1818:"For inventions that have advanced medical care worldwide, and for … awakening America to the excitement of science and technology." 369:"For their technological contributions and leadership in the initiation and development of geostationary communications satellites…" 230: 3352: 587:"For distinguished leadership, technical competence and integrity in the technological advancement of aviation and space travel." 1523: 2793:"For extraordinary leadership in the development of energy-efficient building technologies and related standards and policies." 2741:"For invention of the Far UV Electrographic Camera, which significantly improved our understanding of space and earth science." 3604: 1504: 1926: 2129: 233: 222: 2728:"For pioneering research on biofuels and chemicals that could lead to the replacement of pollution-generating materials." 3614: 744: 234: 2645: 2314: 1779: 1688: 1380:"For their fundamental contributions to the theory, design and development of cellular mobile communications systems." 363: 2715:"For pioneering work on interferons and key contributions to the development of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies." 3378: 1625:"For his inventions and for fostering their adoption worldwide through the products and programs of his company." 647:"For invention of the basic one-transistor dynamic memory cell used worldwide in virtually all modern computers." 990: 2904: 139: 84: 1248:"For his vision, inventiveness and perseverance in introducing technological advances in telecommunications…" 1496:"For his contributions to time released medicine and serial entrepreneurship in the field of biotechnology." 1407: 1321: 171: 3464:"President Obama Presents the National Medals of Science & National Medals of Technology and Innovation" 1235: 498: 2211: 242: 2827:"For fundamental inventions in database management, transaction processing, and software engineering." 1677: 1552:"For her contributions to the discovery, development and liquid crystal processing of high-performance 491: 334:"For his technical, leadership and entrepreneurial roles in the development of commercially successful 1470:"For its many innovations over decades, producing thousands of successfully commercialized products…" 3214: 3204: 2174: 2066: 1042: 227: 218: 1883: 3329: 2429: 1068: 1016: 672: 512: 159: 476: 314: 3379:"White House Announces National Medal of Science Laureates – NSF – National Science Foundation" 3209: 2039:"For policy and technology leadership in the phaseout and replacement of chlorofluorocarbons." 1702: 1607: 1332: 1226: 1142: 655: 146: 978:"For their concept, development and commercialization of Design for Manufacture and Assembly ( 33: 2805: 2437: 2393: 533: 2909:"For pioneering leadership in the development of innovative curricula in Computer Science." 237:. All nominees selected as finalists through the merit review process will be subject to an 2542: 2461: 2216:"For 30 years of innovation in visual effects technology for the motion picture industry." 2198: 2070: 2010: 1934: 1840: 1727: 1517: 1358: 943: 740: 468: 424: 318: 178: 8: 2788: 2697: 2000: 1985: 1951: 1909:"For pioneering achievements that led to the development of the biotechnology industry." 1491: 1452: 1418: 1375: 761: 571: 281:, a computer system and technologies which revolutionized the data processing industry…" 114: 3356: 2878: 2822: 2149: 1984:"For the invention, application to automobiles, and commercialization of the three-way 1439: 1055: 868: 801: 582: 529: 472: 411: 3279: 3254: 2424:"For the discovery of the enzymatic defects in hereditary metabolic disorders such as 150:. The award may be granted to a specific person, to a group of people or to an entire 3051: 3038: 2986: 2840:"For innovations in the fields of silicate chemistry, the chemistry of zeolites, and 2835: 2736: 2723: 2671: 1996: 1872: 1792: 1766: 1596: 1435: 1243: 1198: 1083: 1079: 849: 642: 629: 601: 595: 523: 458: 390: 299: 382:"For his contributions to the development of the commercial airliner jet, the 747…" 3552:"President Biden Honors Leading American Scientists, Technologists, and Innovators" 3142: 2999: 2891: 2775: 2658: 2354: 2341: 2047: 1834: 1830: 1547: 1424: 1315: 1291: 1267: 784: 757: 719: 715: 625: 506: 56: 766:"For their contributions to the design, construction and initial operation of the 3103: 2973: 2947: 2934: 2841: 2684: 2611: 2559: 2529: 2513: 2425: 2419: 2380: 2367: 2275: 2160: 2081: 2021: 1478: 1401: 1155: 1094: 902: 729: 562: 450:(an innovative VTOL design), and other contributions to vertical lift aircraft…" 350: 346: 1410:(CDMA) as a commercial technology adopted as a U.S. digital cellular standard." 3468: 3436: 3404: 3168: 3077: 3012: 2852: 2809: 2762: 2060: 1979: 1923: 1891: 1798: 1692: 1590: 1181: 1168: 930: 906: 825: 778: 691: 495: 437: 278: 191: 162: 3432:"PRESS RELEASE: President Obama Honors Nation's Top Scientists and Innovators" 3598: 3513:(Press release). The White House; Office of the Press Secretary. May 19, 2016 2749: 2619: 2598: 2585: 2433: 2288: 2102: 2098: 2004: 1975: 1917: 1904: 1880: 1844: 1659: 1646: 1633: 1534: 1388: 1371: 1209: 1075: 1003: 795: 725: 702: 685: 568: 545: 464: 335: 293: 187: 179: 175: 74: 3330:"President announces Roger Easton recipient of National Medal of Technology" 3236: 2086:"For leadership in the invention, standardization, and commercialization of 1320:"For his contributions to the development and use of computer technology." ( 102: 3129: 3090: 2917: 2615: 2572: 2555: 1876: 1753: 896: 883: 612: 447: 443: 329: 272: 151: 3589: 3255: 3155: 3064: 3025: 2801: 2516: 2474: 2448: 1962: 1826: 1740: 1714: 1586: 1134:"For his early vision of universal computing at home and in the office…" 956: 661: 551: 268: 264: 155: 3116: 3069:"For advancements that helped bring high-speed Internet to the world." 2710: 2406: 2170: 2166: 2143: 1813: 1129: 1116: 1029: 917: 872: 862: 377: 289: 210: 183: 147: 749:"For their work in real-time computer technologies and applications." 2185: 1802: 1620: 1215: 867:"For his invention and contributions to the commercialization of the 143: 429:"For the advancement of micro electronics and computer technology…" 255: 3511:"President Obama Honors Nation's Leading Scientists and Innovators" 2960: 2224: 2087: 1232: 767: 182: 1214:"For his basic discoveries and management in the field of zeolite 600:"For exceptional creativity in designing analytical instruments" ( 3584: 2865: 2301: 2116: 1231:"For his invention and contribution to the commercialization of 3400:"President Obama Honors Nation's Top Scientists and Innovators" 2237: 2034: 2009:"For contributions to the development and commercialization of 1553: 812: 1860:"For… the world's leader in basic data storage technologies." 416:"For his invention and development of magnetic disk storage…" 3332:(Press release). Naval Research Laboratory. November 22, 2005 3309:"National Medal of Technology Awarded to DuPont – DuPont USA" 2328: 1345: 3554:(Press release). United States Government. October 24, 2023. 206: 170: 3481: 3449: 3417: 2500: 1698: 979: 1871:"For his basic discoveries and inventions in the field of 1680: 3580: 3565: 2857:"For innovations in minimally invasive medical devices." 2632: 2173: 1950:"For his exceptional contributions to the development of 1855: 400: 396: 238: 1465: 515: 1197:"For his discovery of the process for making purified 3585: 550:"For his discovery of the herbicidal properties of 198:the "National Medal of Technology and Innovation". 194:. The medal has been awarded annually until 2015. 3610:Civil awards and decorations of the United States 690:"For the invention, development and marketing of 3596: 3195:Category:National Medal of Technology recipients 3237:The National Medal of Technology and Innovation 3232: 3230: 1526:and fostering of U.S. global competitiveness." 513:geosynchronous communications satellite systems 298:"For their development and introduction of the 2165:"For his extensive pioneering achievements in 1427:, into a global advanced technology company." 800:"For the development and commercialization of 3200:List of general science and technology awards 901:"For his seminal leadership in … large-scale 3505: 3503: 3501: 3499: 3497: 3495: 3493: 3491: 3227: 1875:which have revolutionized the production of 1595:"For creating and sustaining development of 313:"For his discovery and development of metal 3284:National Medal of Technology and Innovation 132:National Medal of Technology and Innovation 27:National Medal of Technology and Innovation 3259:United States Patent and Trademark Office. 3241:United States Patent and Trademark Office. 213:receives the National Medal of Technology. 16:Technology award given by the US President 3488: 3288:United States Patent and Trademark Office 3274: 3272: 3270: 3268: 3266: 103:http://www.uspto.gov/about/nmti/index.jsp 3620:1980 establishments in the United States 490:"For the development and application of 205: 760:, Richard A. Lundy, J. Ritchie Orr and 226:all members of teams nominated must be 3597: 3263: 1078:technology … which revolutionized the 511:"For employment of the concept of the 395:"For his invention and development of 3546: 3544: 3542: 3540: 3538: 3536: 3534: 3532: 3530: 3528: 3322: 783:"For his invention of the electronic 3250: 3248: 2130:Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation 724:"For their fundamental invention of 567:"For his inventions in the field of 13: 3525: 2315:Semiconductor Research Corporation 14: 3631: 3573: 3350: 3245: 2175:NAVSTAR-Global Positioning System 180:then-U.S. President Ronald Reagan 1453:The Procter & Gamble Company 1086:of food and other perishables…" 446:helicopter (Flying Banana), the 277:"For their contributions to the 201: 113: 67: 32: 3558: 3456: 528:"For his forceful promotion of 3424: 3392: 3371: 3344: 3301: 1280:George Levitt and Marinus Los 728:techniques … and discovery of 158:. It is the highest honor the 140:President of the United States 85:President of the United States 1: 3605:Science and technology awards 3220: 2199:IBM Microelectronics Division 1408:Code Division Multiple Access 1322:Digital Equipment Corporation 138:) is an honor granted by the 3590:List of all medal recipients 2212:Industrial Light & Magic 1728:Bristol-Myers Squibb Company 442:"For the development of the 319:catalytic cracking catalysts 245: 136:National Medal of Technology 7: 3353:"Announcing beta.uspto.gov" 3188: 532:, for his contributions to 223:U.S. Department of Commerce 10: 3636: 3615:Awards established in 1980 1678:genetically modified crops 235:U.S. Secretary of Commerce 165: 3215:National Medal of Science 3205:National Humanities Medal 3000:Raytheon BBN Technologies 2148:"For inventing the first 1841:Corning Glass Corporation 1701:operating system and the 1043:Rear Admiral Grace Hopper 219:Technology Administration 124: 112: 108: 98: 90: 80: 62: 52: 43: 31: 26: 2263:Velupillai Puvanesarajah 1406:"For his development of 1069:Frederick McKinley Jones 1017:James Johnson Duderstadt 492:directionally solidified 1839:"For teaming up at the 1438:, Jerome J. Cuomo, and 530:statistical methodology 3210:National Medal of Arts 2186:Gen-Probe Incorporated 2067:vision of a discipline 1952:silicon carbide wafers 1843:to co-invent low-loss 1703:C programming language 1697:"For co-inventing the 1608:Norman Ralph Augustine 1425:Silicon Graphics, Inc. 1227:Norman Joseph Woodland 1143:Walter Lincoln Hawkins 1074:"For … development of 770:particle accelerator" 656:Harold Eugene Edgerton 463:"For the invention of 214: 172:United States Congress 2806:Rangaswamy Srinivasan 2488:Carlton Grant Willson 1873:metallocene catalysis 1518:Johnson & Johnson 1071:and Joseph A. Numero 366:and Allen E. Puckett 209: 3408:. September 27, 2011 2543:Esther Sans Takeuchi 2462:Armand V. Feigenbaum 2430:Niemann–Pick disease 2302:Genzyme Incorporated 2071:software engineering 2011:light-emitting diode 1935:Dow Chemical Company 944:Stephen Bechtel, Jr. 741:Jay Wright Forrester 477:photo-etchible glass 469:photosensitive glass 3472:. November 20, 2014 3440:. December 21, 2012 3359:on October 19, 2016 3156:Neil Gilbert Siegel 3143:Steven A. Rosenberg 2789:Arthur H. Rosenfeld 2698:Michael F. Tompsett 2616:Marcian E. Hoff Jr. 2001:Russell Dean Dupuis 1986:catalytic converter 1492:Alejandro Zaffaroni 1419:Edward R. McCracken 1376:Richard H. Frenkiel 762:Alvin V. Tollestrup 692:instant photography 572:integrated circuits 257: 119:Ribbon of the medal 2879:Arthur D. Levinson 2823:Charles W. Bachman 2259:Dace Viceps Madore 2150:video game console 2105:, Ronald M. Lewis 1597:Internet Protocols 1556:fibers (Kevlar)." 1440:Richard J. Gambino 1056:F. Kenneth Iverson 970:Geoffrey Boothroyd 869:integrated circuit 813:The DuPont Company 802:magnetic recording 487:Francis Versnyder 473:photochromic glass 412:Reynold B. Johnson 310:Marvin M. Johnson 253: 215: 3482:National Archives 3450:National Archives 3418:National Archives 3280:"Recipients 1995" 3186: 3185: 3169:James G. Fujimoto 3052:Mary-Dell Chilton 3039:Cato T. Laurencin 2987:Jonathan Rothberg 2836:Edith M. Flanigen 2737:George Carruthers 2724:Frances H. Arnold 2672:C. Donald Bateman 2438:Tay–Sachs disease 2329:Xerox Corporation 2161:Roger Easton, Sr. 1997:M. George Craford 1947:Calvin H. Carter 1845:fiber optic cable 1803:hypertext linking 1793:Douglas Engelbart 1767:Robert A. Swanson 1672:Stephen G. Rogers 1524:health care costs 1436:Praveen Chaudhari 1304:William D. Manly 1256:William H. Joyce 1244:Amos E. Joel, Jr. 1199:terephthalic acid 1194:Delbert H. Meyer 903:integrated memory 850:Wilson Greatbatch 643:Robert H. Dennard 630:Paul C. Lauterbur 602:spectrophotometry 596:Arnold O. Beckman 524:W. Edwards Deming 459:S. Donald Stookey 448:compound aircraft 391:Bernard M. Gordon 300:personal computer 128: 127: 3627: 3567: 3562: 3556: 3555: 3548: 3523: 3522: 3520: 3518: 3507: 3486: 3485: 3479: 3477: 3460: 3454: 3453: 3447: 3445: 3428: 3422: 3421: 3415: 3413: 3396: 3390: 3389: 3387: 3385: 3375: 3369: 3368: 3366: 3364: 3355:. Archived from 3348: 3342: 3341: 3339: 3337: 3326: 3320: 3319: 3317: 3315: 3305: 3299: 3298: 3296: 3294: 3276: 3261: 3252: 3243: 3234: 2922:John T. Schiller 2892:Cherry A. Murray 2776:Gholam A. Peyman 2659:B. Jayant Baliga 2599:Steven J. Sasson 2355:Paul G. Kaminski 2342:Leslie A. Geddes 2048:Jan D. Achenbach 1835:Peter C. Schultz 1831:Robert D. Maurer 1780:Robert W. Taylor 1564:James C. Morgan 1548:Stephanie Kwolek 1316:Kenneth H. Olsen 1292:Hans W. Liepmann 1268:George Kozmetsky 1105:Charles E. Reed 785:digital computer 758:Helen T. Edwards 720:Stanley N. Cohen 716:Herbert W. Boyer 673:Clarence Johnson 626:Raymond Damadian 507:Joseph V. Charyk 378:Joseph F. Sutter 258: 252: 117: 73: 71: 70: 57:Washington, D.C. 36: 24: 23: 3635: 3634: 3630: 3629: 3628: 3626: 3625: 3624: 3595: 3594: 3576: 3571: 3570: 3563: 3559: 3550: 3549: 3526: 3516: 3514: 3509: 3508: 3489: 3475: 3473: 3462: 3461: 3457: 3443: 3441: 3430: 3429: 3425: 3411: 3409: 3398: 3397: 3393: 3383: 3381: 3377: 3376: 3372: 3362: 3360: 3349: 3345: 3335: 3333: 3328: 3327: 3323: 3313: 3311: 3307: 3306: 3302: 3292: 3290: 3278: 3277: 3264: 3253: 3246: 3235: 3228: 3223: 3191: 3173:Eric A. Swanson 3117:Charles W. Hull 3104:Juan E. Gilbert 2948:Robert Fischell 2935:Joseph DeSimone 2842:molecular sieve 2685:Yvonne C. Brill 2612:Federico Faggin 2573:Harry W. Coover 2560:Charles Geschke 2530:Forrest M. Bird 2514:Lockheed Martin 2449:David N. Cutler 2426:Gaucher disease 2420:Roscoe O. Brady 2381:Charles M. Vest 2368:Herwig Kogelnik 2276:Dean L. Sicking 2082:Robert Metcalfe 2022:Haren S. Gandhi 1668:Ernest Jaworski 1505:Ronald H. Brown 1479:Sam B. Williams 1402:Irwin M. Jacobs 1182:Merck & Co. 1156:Joseph M. Juran 730:recombinant DNA 563:Robert N. Noyce 534:sampling theory 351:Frank L. Stulen 347:John T. Parsons 248: 204: 188:Stephen Wozniak 168: 120: 68: 66: 39: 22: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3633: 3623: 3622: 3617: 3612: 3607: 3593: 3592: 3587: 3582: 3575: 3574:External links 3572: 3569: 3568: 3557: 3524: 3487: 3469:whitehouse.gov 3455: 3437:whitehouse.gov 3423: 3405:whitehouse.gov 3391: 3370: 3343: 3321: 3300: 3262: 3244: 3225: 3224: 3222: 3219: 3218: 3217: 3212: 3207: 3202: 3197: 3190: 3187: 3184: 3183: 3180: 3166: 3162: 3161: 3158: 3153: 3149: 3148: 3145: 3140: 3136: 3135: 3132: 3127: 3123: 3122: 3119: 3114: 3110: 3109: 3106: 3101: 3097: 3096: 3093: 3088: 3084: 3083: 3080: 3078:Rory A. Cooper 3075: 3071: 3070: 3067: 3065:John M. Cioffi 3062: 3058: 3057: 3054: 3049: 3045: 3044: 3041: 3036: 3032: 3031: 3028: 3023: 3019: 3018: 3015: 3013:Arthur Gossard 3010: 3006: 3005: 3002: 2997: 2993: 2992: 2989: 2984: 2980: 2979: 2976: 2971: 2967: 2966: 2963: 2958: 2954: 2953: 2950: 2945: 2941: 2940: 2937: 2932: 2928: 2927: 2924: 2915: 2911: 2910: 2907: 2902: 2898: 2897: 2894: 2889: 2885: 2884: 2881: 2876: 2872: 2871: 2868: 2863: 2859: 2858: 2855: 2853:Thomas Fogarty 2850: 2846: 2845: 2838: 2833: 2829: 2828: 2825: 2820: 2816: 2815: 2812: 2810:James J. Wynne 2799: 2795: 2794: 2791: 2786: 2782: 2781: 2778: 2773: 2769: 2768: 2765: 2763:Norman McCombs 2760: 2756: 2755: 2752: 2747: 2743: 2742: 2739: 2734: 2730: 2729: 2726: 2721: 2717: 2716: 2713: 2708: 2704: 2703: 2700: 2695: 2691: 2690: 2687: 2682: 2678: 2677: 2674: 2669: 2665: 2664: 2661: 2656: 2652: 2651: 2648: 2646:Rakesh Agrawal 2643: 2639: 2638: 2635: 2630: 2626: 2625: 2622: 2609: 2605: 2604: 2601: 2596: 2592: 2591: 2588: 2583: 2579: 2578: 2575: 2570: 2566: 2565: 2562: 2553: 2549: 2548: 2545: 2540: 2536: 2535: 2532: 2527: 2523: 2522: 2519: 2511: 2507: 2506: 2503: 2498: 2494: 2493: 2490: 2485: 2481: 2480: 2477: 2472: 2468: 2467: 2464: 2459: 2455: 2454: 2451: 2446: 2442: 2441: 2422: 2417: 2413: 2412: 2409: 2404: 2400: 2399: 2396: 2391: 2387: 2386: 2383: 2378: 2374: 2373: 2370: 2365: 2361: 2360: 2357: 2352: 2348: 2347: 2344: 2339: 2335: 2334: 2331: 2326: 2322: 2321: 2318: 2312: 2308: 2307: 2304: 2299: 2295: 2294: 2291: 2286: 2282: 2281: 2278: 2273: 2269: 2268: 2265: 2248: 2244: 2243: 2240: 2235: 2231: 2230: 2227: 2222: 2218: 2217: 2214: 2209: 2205: 2204: 2201: 2196: 2192: 2191: 2188: 2183: 2179: 2178: 2163: 2158: 2154: 2153: 2146: 2141: 2137: 2136: 2133: 2127: 2123: 2122: 2119: 2114: 2110: 2109: 2106: 2096: 2092: 2091: 2084: 2079: 2075: 2074: 2063: 2061:Watts Humphrey 2058: 2054: 2053: 2050: 2045: 2041: 2040: 2037: 2032: 2028: 2027: 2024: 2019: 2015: 2014: 2007: 1994: 1990: 1989: 1982: 1980:John J. Mooney 1973: 1969: 1968: 1965: 1960: 1956: 1955: 1948: 1945: 1941: 1940: 1937: 1932: 1928: 1927: 1924:heterojunction 1920: 1915: 1911: 1910: 1907: 1902: 1898: 1897: 1894: 1892:Arun Netravali 1889: 1885: 1884: 1869: 1866: 1862: 1861: 1858: 1853: 1849: 1848: 1837: 1824: 1820: 1819: 1816: 1811: 1807: 1806: 1795: 1790: 1786: 1785: 1782: 1777: 1773: 1772: 1769: 1764: 1760: 1759: 1756: 1751: 1747: 1746: 1743: 1738: 1734: 1733: 1730: 1725: 1721: 1720: 1717: 1712: 1708: 1707: 1695: 1693:Dennis Ritchie 1686: 1682: 1681: 1674: 1657: 1653: 1652: 1649: 1644: 1640: 1639: 1636: 1631: 1627: 1626: 1623: 1618: 1614: 1613: 1610: 1605: 1601: 1600: 1593: 1591:Robert E. Kahn 1584: 1580: 1579: 1576: 1575:Peter H. Rose 1573: 1569: 1568: 1565: 1562: 1558: 1557: 1550: 1545: 1541: 1540: 1537: 1532: 1528: 1527: 1520: 1515: 1511: 1510: 1507: 1502: 1498: 1497: 1494: 1489: 1485: 1484: 1481: 1476: 1472: 1471: 1468: 1463: 1459: 1458: 1455: 1450: 1446: 1445: 1442: 1433: 1429: 1428: 1421: 1416: 1412: 1411: 1404: 1399: 1395: 1394: 1391: 1386: 1382: 1381: 1378: 1369: 1365: 1364: 1361: 1356: 1352: 1351: 1348: 1343: 1339: 1338: 1335: 1333:Walter L. Robb 1330: 1326: 1325: 1318: 1313: 1309: 1308: 1305: 1302: 1298: 1297: 1294: 1289: 1285: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1274: 1273: 1270: 1265: 1261: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1250: 1249: 1246: 1241: 1237: 1236: 1229: 1224: 1220: 1219: 1212: 1207: 1203: 1202: 1195: 1192: 1188: 1187: 1184: 1179: 1175: 1174: 1171: 1169:Charles Kelman 1166: 1162: 1161: 1158: 1153: 1149: 1148: 1145: 1140: 1136: 1135: 1132: 1127: 1123: 1122: 1119: 1114: 1110: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1099: 1098: 1095: 1092: 1088: 1087: 1072: 1066: 1062: 1061: 1058: 1053: 1049: 1048: 1045: 1040: 1036: 1035: 1032: 1027: 1023: 1022: 1019: 1014: 1010: 1009: 1006: 1001: 997: 996: 993: 988: 984: 983: 976: 974:Peter Dewhurst 967: 963: 962: 959: 954: 950: 949: 946: 941: 937: 936: 933: 931:Chauncey Starr 928: 924: 923: 920: 915: 911: 910: 907:microprocessor 899: 894: 890: 889: 886: 881: 877: 876: 865: 860: 856: 855: 852: 847: 843: 842: 839: 838:Fred W. Garry 836: 832: 831: 828: 826:Donald N. Frey 823: 819: 818: 815: 810: 806: 805: 798: 793: 789: 788: 781: 779:John Atanasoff 776: 772: 771: 764: 755: 751: 750: 747: 745:Robert Everett 738: 734: 733: 722: 713: 709: 708: 705: 700: 696: 695: 688: 683: 679: 678: 675: 670: 666: 665: 658: 653: 649: 648: 645: 640: 636: 635: 632: 623: 619: 618: 615: 610: 606: 605: 598: 593: 589: 588: 585: 583:John L. Atwood 580: 576: 575: 565: 560: 556: 555: 548: 543: 539: 538: 526: 521: 517: 516: 509: 504: 500: 499: 496:single crystal 488: 485: 481: 480: 465:glass-ceramics 461: 456: 452: 451: 440: 438:Frank Piasecki 435: 431: 430: 427: 425:William Norris 422: 418: 417: 414: 409: 405: 404: 393: 388: 384: 383: 380: 375: 371: 370: 367: 361: 357: 356: 353: 344: 340: 339: 332: 327: 323: 322: 311: 308: 304: 303: 296: 287: 283: 282: 279:IBM System/360 275: 262: 247: 244: 217:Each year the 203: 200: 192:Apple Computer 190:, founders of 167: 164: 134:(formerly the 126: 125: 122: 121: 118: 110: 109: 106: 105: 100: 96: 95: 92: 88: 87: 82: 78: 77: 64: 60: 59: 54: 50: 49: 45: 41: 40: 37: 29: 28: 20: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3632: 3621: 3618: 3616: 3613: 3611: 3608: 3606: 3603: 3602: 3600: 3591: 3588: 3586: 3583: 3581: 3578: 3577: 3566: 3561: 3553: 3547: 3545: 3543: 3541: 3539: 3537: 3535: 3533: 3531: 3529: 3512: 3506: 3504: 3502: 3500: 3498: 3496: 3494: 3492: 3483: 3471: 3470: 3465: 3459: 3451: 3439: 3438: 3433: 3427: 3419: 3407: 3406: 3401: 3395: 3380: 3374: 3358: 3354: 3347: 3331: 3325: 3310: 3304: 3289: 3285: 3281: 3275: 3273: 3271: 3269: 3267: 3260: 3256: 3251: 3249: 3242: 3238: 3233: 3231: 3226: 3216: 3213: 3211: 3208: 3206: 3203: 3201: 3198: 3196: 3193: 3192: 3181: 3178: 3174: 3170: 3167: 3164: 3163: 3159: 3157: 3154: 3151: 3150: 3146: 3144: 3141: 3138: 3137: 3133: 3131: 3128: 3125: 3124: 3120: 3118: 3115: 3112: 3111: 3107: 3105: 3102: 3099: 3098: 3094: 3092: 3089: 3086: 3085: 3081: 3079: 3076: 3073: 3072: 3068: 3066: 3063: 3060: 3059: 3055: 3053: 3050: 3047: 3046: 3042: 3040: 3037: 3034: 3033: 3029: 3027: 3024: 3021: 3020: 3016: 3014: 3011: 3008: 3007: 3003: 3001: 2998: 2995: 2994: 2990: 2988: 2985: 2982: 2981: 2977: 2975: 2972: 2969: 2968: 2964: 2962: 2959: 2956: 2955: 2951: 2949: 2946: 2943: 2942: 2938: 2936: 2933: 2930: 2929: 2925: 2923: 2919: 2916: 2913: 2912: 2908: 2906: 2903: 2900: 2899: 2895: 2893: 2890: 2887: 2886: 2882: 2880: 2877: 2874: 2873: 2869: 2867: 2864: 2861: 2860: 2856: 2854: 2851: 2848: 2847: 2843: 2839: 2837: 2834: 2831: 2830: 2826: 2824: 2821: 2818: 2817: 2813: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2800: 2797: 2796: 2792: 2790: 2787: 2784: 2783: 2779: 2777: 2774: 2771: 2770: 2766: 2764: 2761: 2758: 2757: 2753: 2751: 2750:Robert Langer 2748: 2745: 2744: 2740: 2738: 2735: 2732: 2731: 2727: 2725: 2722: 2719: 2718: 2714: 2712: 2709: 2706: 2705: 2701: 2699: 2696: 2693: 2692: 2688: 2686: 2683: 2680: 2679: 2675: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2666: 2662: 2660: 2657: 2654: 2653: 2649: 2647: 2644: 2641: 2640: 2636: 2634: 2631: 2628: 2627: 2623: 2621: 2620:Stanley Mazor 2617: 2613: 2610: 2607: 2606: 2602: 2600: 2597: 2594: 2593: 2589: 2587: 2586:Helen M. Free 2584: 2581: 2580: 2576: 2574: 2571: 2568: 2567: 2563: 2561: 2557: 2554: 2551: 2550: 2546: 2544: 2541: 2538: 2537: 2533: 2531: 2528: 2525: 2524: 2520: 2518: 2515: 2512: 2509: 2508: 2504: 2502: 2499: 2496: 2495: 2491: 2489: 2486: 2483: 2482: 2478: 2476: 2473: 2470: 2469: 2465: 2463: 2460: 2457: 2456: 2452: 2450: 2447: 2444: 2443: 2439: 2435: 2434:Fabry disease 2431: 2427: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2415: 2414: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2402: 2401: 2397: 2395: 2392: 2389: 2388: 2384: 2382: 2379: 2376: 2375: 2371: 2369: 2366: 2363: 2362: 2358: 2356: 2353: 2350: 2349: 2345: 2343: 2340: 2337: 2336: 2332: 2330: 2327: 2324: 2323: 2319: 2316: 2313: 2310: 2309: 2305: 2303: 2300: 2297: 2296: 2292: 2290: 2289:Alfred Y. Cho 2287: 2284: 2283: 2279: 2277: 2274: 2271: 2270: 2266: 2264: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2251:Ronald J. Eby 2249: 2246: 2245: 2241: 2239: 2236: 2233: 2232: 2228: 2226: 2223: 2220: 2219: 2215: 2213: 2210: 2207: 2206: 2202: 2200: 2197: 2194: 2193: 2189: 2187: 2184: 2181: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2162: 2159: 2156: 2155: 2151: 2147: 2145: 2142: 2139: 2138: 2134: 2131: 2128: 2125: 2124: 2120: 2118: 2115: 2112: 2111: 2107: 2104: 2103:Irwin Lachman 2100: 2099:Rodney Bagley 2097: 2094: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2083: 2080: 2077: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2062: 2059: 2056: 2055: 2051: 2049: 2046: 2043: 2042: 2038: 2036: 2033: 2030: 2029: 2025: 2023: 2020: 2017: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2006: 2005:Nick Holonyak 2002: 1998: 1995: 1992: 1991: 1987: 1983: 1981: 1977: 1976:Carl D. Keith 1974: 1971: 1970: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1958: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1946: 1943: 1942: 1938: 1936: 1933: 1930: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1919: 1918:Jerry Woodall 1916: 1913: 1912: 1908: 1906: 1905:Sidney Pestka 1903: 1900: 1899: 1895: 1893: 1890: 1887: 1886: 1882: 1881:polypropylene 1878: 1874: 1870: 1868:John A. Ewen 1867: 1864: 1863: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1851: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1825: 1822: 1821: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1809: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1787: 1783: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1774: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1762: 1761: 1757: 1755: 1752: 1749: 1748: 1744: 1742: 1739: 1736: 1735: 1731: 1729: 1726: 1723: 1722: 1718: 1716: 1713: 1710: 1709: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1694: 1690: 1687: 1684: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1664:Robert Horsch 1661: 1660:Robert Fraley 1658: 1655: 1654: 1650: 1648: 1647:Denton Cooley 1645: 1642: 1641: 1637: 1635: 1634:Robert Ledley 1632: 1629: 1628: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1615: 1611: 1609: 1606: 1603: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1592: 1588: 1585: 1582: 1581: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1570: 1566: 1563: 1560: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1549: 1546: 1543: 1542: 1538: 1536: 1535:Charles Kaman 1533: 1530: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1519: 1516: 1513: 1512: 1508: 1506: 1503: 1500: 1499: 1495: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1486: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1474: 1473: 1469: 1467: 1464: 1461: 1460: 1456: 1454: 1451: 1448: 1447: 1443: 1441: 1437: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1420: 1417: 1414: 1413: 1409: 1405: 1403: 1400: 1397: 1396: 1392: 1390: 1389:Joseph Gerber 1387: 1384: 1383: 1379: 1377: 1373: 1372:Joel S. Engel 1370: 1367: 1366: 1362: 1360: 1357: 1354: 1353: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1341: 1340: 1336: 1334: 1331: 1328: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1311: 1310: 1306: 1303: 1300: 1299: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1287: 1286: 1282: 1279: 1276: 1275: 1271: 1269: 1266: 1263: 1262: 1258: 1255: 1252: 1251: 1247: 1245: 1242: 1239: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1228: 1225: 1222: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1211: 1210:Paul B. Weisz 1208: 1205: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1193: 1190: 1189: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1177: 1176: 1172: 1170: 1167: 1164: 1163: 1159: 1157: 1154: 1151: 1150: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1138: 1137: 1133: 1131: 1128: 1125: 1124: 1120: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1111: 1107: 1104: 1101: 1100: 1096: 1093: 1090: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1076:refrigeration 1073: 1070: 1067: 1064: 1063: 1059: 1057: 1054: 1051: 1050: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1038: 1037: 1033: 1031: 1028: 1025: 1024: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1012: 1011: 1007: 1005: 1004:Carl Djerassi 1002: 999: 998: 994: 992: 989: 986: 985: 981: 977: 975: 971: 968: 965: 964: 960: 958: 955: 952: 951: 947: 945: 942: 939: 938: 934: 932: 929: 926: 925: 921: 919: 916: 913: 912: 908: 904: 900: 898: 895: 892: 891: 887: 885: 882: 879: 878: 874: 870: 866: 864: 861: 858: 857: 853: 851: 848: 845: 844: 840: 837: 834: 833: 829: 827: 824: 821: 820: 816: 814: 811: 808: 807: 803: 799: 797: 796:Marvin Camras 794: 791: 790: 786: 782: 780: 777: 774: 773: 769: 765: 763: 759: 756: 753: 752: 748: 746: 742: 739: 736: 735: 731: 727: 726:gene splicing 723: 721: 717: 714: 711: 710: 706: 704: 703:David Packard 701: 698: 697: 693: 689: 687: 686:Edwin H. Land 684: 681: 680: 676: 674: 671: 668: 667: 663: 659: 657: 654: 651: 650: 646: 644: 641: 638: 637: 633: 631: 627: 624: 621: 620: 616: 614: 611: 608: 607: 603: 599: 597: 594: 591: 590: 586: 584: 581: 578: 577: 573: 570: 569:semiconductor 566: 564: 561: 558: 557: 553: 549: 547: 546:John E. Franz 544: 541: 540: 535: 531: 527: 525: 522: 519: 518: 514: 510: 508: 505: 502: 501: 497: 493: 489: 486: 483: 482: 478: 474: 470: 466: 462: 460: 457: 454: 453: 449: 445: 441: 439: 436: 433: 432: 428: 426: 423: 420: 419: 415: 413: 410: 407: 406: 403:conversion…" 402: 398: 394: 392: 389: 386: 385: 381: 379: 376: 373: 372: 368: 365: 362: 359: 358: 354: 352: 348: 345: 342: 341: 337: 336:petrochemical 333: 331: 328: 325: 324: 320: 316: 312: 309: 306: 305: 301: 297: 295: 294:Steve Wozniak 291: 288: 285: 284: 280: 276: 274: 270: 266: 263: 260: 259: 256: 251: 243: 240: 236: 231: 229: 228:U.S. citizens 224: 220: 212: 208: 202:Award process 199: 195: 193: 189: 185: 181: 177: 176:United States 173: 163: 161: 160:United States 157: 153: 149: 145: 141: 137: 133: 123: 116: 111: 107: 104: 101: 97: 93: 91:First awarded 89: 86: 83: 79: 76: 75:United States 65: 61: 58: 55: 51: 46: 42: 35: 30: 25: 19: 3560: 3515:. Retrieved 3480:– via 3474:. Retrieved 3467: 3458: 3448:– via 3442:. Retrieved 3435: 3426: 3416:– via 3410:. Retrieved 3403: 3394: 3382:. Retrieved 3373: 3361:. Retrieved 3357:the original 3346: 3334:. Retrieved 3324: 3312:. Retrieved 3303: 3293:December 30, 3291:. Retrieved 3283: 3258: 3240: 3130:Jeong H. Kim 3091:Ashok Gadgil 2974:Mark Humayun 2918:Douglas Lowy 2844:materials." 2556:John Warnock 1877:polyethylene 1754:Ray Kurzweil 1715:Biogen, Inc. 1689:Ken Thompson 1359:Corning Inc. 1084:distribution 1080:preservation 897:Gordon Moore 884:John S. Mayo 732:technology" 613:Paul M. Cook 444:tandem rotor 364:Harold Rosen 338:processes…" 330:Ralph Landau 254: 249: 232: 216: 196: 169: 152:organization 142:to American 135: 131: 129: 81:Presented by 18: 3336:October 19, 3177:David Huang 3026:Chenming Hu 2802:Samuel Blum 2517:Skunk Works 2475:Adam Heller 2255:Maya Koster 1963:Carver Mead 1827:Donald Keck 1741:Glen Culler 1587:Vinton Cerf 957:Gordon Bell 662:stroboscope 552:glyphosates 317:agents for 315:passivating 269:Erich Bloch 265:Fred Brooks 156:corporation 44:Description 3599:Categories 3221:References 2866:Eli Harari 2711:Jan Vilcek 2407:Paul Baran 2394:James West 2171:navigation 2169:tracking, 2167:spacecraft 2144:Ralph Baer 1814:Dean Kamen 1130:Bill Gates 1117:John Stapp 1030:Bob Galvin 991:John Cocke 918:David Pall 873:gate array 863:Jack Kilby 290:Steve Jobs 221:under the 211:Ralph Baer 184:Steve Jobs 148:technology 3476:April 19, 3444:April 19, 3412:April 19, 3384:April 19, 3363:April 19, 3314:April 19, 2905:Mary Shaw 2501:eBay Inc. 2065:"For his 1621:Ray Dolby 1216:catalysis 475:, and of 273:Bob Evans 246:Laureates 144:inventors 48:manpower. 3189:See also 2961:Nancy Ho 2225:Motorola 2177:(GPS)." 2088:Ethernet 1233:bar code 1201:(PTA)…" 905:and the 768:Tevatron 53:Location 3517:June 5, 3351:USPTO. 3179:(team) 2132:(WARF) 1324:– DEC) 166:History 99:Website 63:Country 2317:(SRC) 2238:PACCAR 2035:DuPont 1833:, and 1670:, and 1554:aramid 72:  3165:2023 3152:2023 3139:2023 3126:2023 3113:2023 3100:2023 3087:2023 3074:2023 3061:2023 3048:2023 3035:2014 3022:2014 3009:2014 2996:2013 2983:2013 2970:2013 2957:2013 2944:2013 2931:2013 2914:2012 2901:2012 2888:2012 2875:2012 2862:2012 2849:2012 2832:2012 2819:2012 2798:2011 2785:2011 2772:2011 2759:2011 2746:2011 2733:2011 2720:2011 2707:2011 2694:2010 2681:2010 2668:2010 2655:2010 2642:2010 2629:2009 2608:2009 2595:2009 2582:2009 2569:2009 2552:2008 2539:2008 2526:2008 2510:2007 2497:2007 2484:2007 2471:2007 2458:2007 2445:2007 2416:2007 2403:2007 2390:2006 2377:2006 2364:2006 2351:2006 2338:2006 2325:2005 2311:2005 2298:2005 2285:2005 2272:2005 2247:2005 2234:2004 2221:2004 2208:2004 2195:2004 2182:2004 2157:2004 2140:2004 2126:2003 2113:2003 2095:2003 2078:2003 2057:2003 2044:2003 2031:2003 2018:2002 1993:2002 1972:2002 1959:2002 1944:2002 1931:2001 1914:2001 1901:2001 1888:2001 1865:2001 1852:2000 1823:2000 1810:2000 1799:mouse 1789:2000 1776:1999 1763:1999 1750:1999 1737:1999 1724:1998 1711:1998 1685:1998 1656:1998 1643:1998 1630:1997 1617:1997 1604:1997 1583:1997 1572:1996 1561:1996 1544:1996 1531:1996 1514:1996 1501:1996 1488:1995 1475:1995 1462:1995 1449:1995 1432:1995 1415:1995 1398:1994 1385:1994 1368:1994 1355:1994 1346:AMGEN 1342:1994 1329:1993 1312:1993 1301:1993 1288:1993 1277:1993 1264:1993 1253:1993 1240:1993 1223:1992 1206:1992 1191:1992 1178:1992 1165:1992 1152:1992 1139:1992 1126:1992 1113:1991 1102:1991 1091:1991 1065:1991 1052:1991 1039:1991 1026:1991 1013:1991 1000:1991 987:1991 966:1991 953:1991 940:1991 927:1990 914:1990 893:1990 880:1990 859:1990 846:1990 835:1990 822:1990 809:1990 792:1990 775:1990 754:1989 737:1989 712:1989 699:1988 682:1988 669:1988 652:1988 639:1988 622:1988 609:1988 592:1988 579:1988 559:1987 542:1987 520:1987 503:1987 484:1986 455:1986 434:1986 421:1986 408:1986 387:1986 374:1985 360:1985 343:1985 326:1985 307:1985 286:1985 261:1985 21:Award 3519:2016 3478:2017 3446:2017 3414:2017 3386:2017 3365:2017 3338:2010 3316:2017 3295:2013 2558:and 2436:and 2261:and 2069:for 1978:and 1879:and 1699:UNIX 1691:and 1589:and 1374:and 1082:and 982:)…" 980:DFMA 972:and 743:and 718:and 628:and 494:and 399:and 349:and 292:and 271:and 186:and 130:The 94:1985 2633:IBM 2614:, 2152:." 2117:UOP 2090:." 1988:." 1954:." 1856:IBM 1847:." 1801:, 1599:." 1218:…" 909:…" 875:." 804:…" 787:…" 694:." 574:…" 479:…" 401:A/D 397:D/A 321:…" 302:…" 239:FBI 154:or 3601:: 3527:^ 3490:^ 3466:. 3434:. 3402:. 3286:. 3282:. 3265:^ 3257:. 3247:^ 3239:. 3229:^ 3175:, 3171:, 2920:, 2808:, 2804:, 2618:, 2432:, 2428:, 2257:, 2253:, 2101:, 2003:, 1999:, 1829:, 1666:, 1662:, 1466:3M 664:) 604:) 471:, 467:, 267:, 3521:. 3484:. 3452:. 3420:. 3388:. 3367:. 3340:. 3318:. 3297:. 38:3