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thereafter as a moderate centre of focus for both the middle and working classes of London. A month later, a government ban on umbrella organisations effectively put paid to the N. P. U.'s hopes of replacing the
Birmingham Political Union as a nationwide co-ordinating body; and in the New Year it found itself divided again on the question of whether to urge the government onwards with reform, or simply express support for the Whig ministry, as its President,
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protests against the forming of a Tory administration began, that the N. P. U. came into its own, with a major influx of members, and of finance. A series of co-ordinated measures – a petition to the
Commons for the withholding of the budget; public meetings against reaction; and an organised run on
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The N. P. U. was involved in controversy from its very outset, when the constituting meeting was invaded by a working-class protest against its middle-class membership: agreement on a moderate policy, but with half the
Council seats reserved for manual workers, meant that the body would continue
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for parliamentary reform: “to support the King and his ministers against a small faction in accomplishing their great measure of
Parliamentary Reform”.
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Thereafter however, after a brief attempt by the N. P. U. to organise support for liberal candidates at the
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the Bank of
England's gold – helped provide that “pressure from without” to which
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It was only after the dismissal of the Whig ministers, when the so-called
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was an organisation set up in
October 1831, after the rejection of the
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Political Unions, Popular
Politics, and the Great Reform Act of 1832
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attributed much of the eventual success of the Whig Bill.
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301:Popular Contention in Great Britain, 1758-1834
364:Electoral reform in the United Kingdom
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294:The Passing of the Great Reform Bill
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254:(London 2013) p. 220, 234, and 245
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334:Organizations established in 1831
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359:1831 establishments in England
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187:British Trade Unions 1800-1875
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329:Political history of England
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349:History of social movements
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41:Birmingham Political Union
18:National Political Union
344:Radicalism (historical)
278:Aristocracy and People
265:The Triumph of Reform
200:The Triumph of Reform
174:The Triumph of Reform
135:The Triumph of Reform
101:National Reform Union
228:(London 2003) p. 279
215:(London 2013) p. 196
163:(London 2013) p. 160
129:Statutes, quoted in
267:(London 1961) p. 67
202:(London 1961) p. 46
189:(London 1972) p. 44
176:(London 1961) p. 45
137:(London 1961) p. 45
111:William Johnson Fox
54:Sir Francis Burdett
39:on the influential
354:Reform in England
292:J. R. M. Butler,
252:Perilous Question
213:Perilous Question
161:Perilous Question
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339:1832 in politics
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35:Modelled by
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224:E. Pearce,
131:Elie Halévy
61:Days of May
22:Reform Bill
323:Categories
237:D. Gross,
118:References
66:Earl Grey
86:Chartism
79:See also
226:Reform!
24:by the
16:The
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