National anthem of Russia

1328: 388:, first took office on 7 May 2000. The federal legislature established and approved the music of the national anthem of the Soviet Union, with newly written lyrics, in December 2000, and it became the second anthem used by Russia after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The government sponsored a contest to find lyrics, eventually settling upon a new composition by Mikhalkov; according to the government, the lyrics were selected to evoke and eulogize the history and traditions of Russia. Yeltsin criticized Putin for supporting the reintroduction of the Soviet-era national anthem even though opinion polls showed that many Russians favored this decision. 44: 740: 1220: 615: 8868: 783:. In addition, the anthem lyrics composed by Mikhalkov and El-Registan were officially scrapped by the Soviet government in 1956. The anthem was still used by the Soviet government, but without any official lyrics. In private, this anthem became known the "Song Without Words". Mikhalkov wrote a new set of lyrics in 1970, but they were not submitted to the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet until May 27, 1977. The new lyrics, which eliminated any mention of Stalin, were approved on 1 September, and were made official with the printing of the new 963:). However, none of the lyrics were officially adopted by Yeltsin or the Russian government. One of the reasons that partially explained the lack of lyrics was the original use of Glinka's composition: the praise of the Tsar and of the Russian Orthodox Church. Other complaints raised about the song were that it was hard to remember, uninspiring, and musically complicated. It was one of the few national anthems that lacked official lyrics during this period. The only other wordless national anthems in the period from 1990 to 2000 were " 869:'The Patriotic Song'), was a wordless piano composition discovered after Glinka's death. "Patrioticheskaya Pesnya" was performed in front of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR on November 23, 1990. The song was decreed by the Supreme Soviet to be the new Russian anthem that same day. This anthem was intended to be permanent, which can be seen from the parliamentary draft of the Constitution, approved and drafted by Supreme Soviet, Congress of People's Deputies and its Constitutional Commission (with latter formally headed by 195: 996: 1207:

television that this move was needed to heal Russia's past and to fuse the period of the Soviet Union with Russia's history. He also stated that, while Russia's march towards democracy would not be stopped, the rejection of the Soviet era would have left the lives of their mothers and fathers bereft of meaning. It took some time for the Russian people to familiarize themselves with the anthem's lyrics; athletes were only able to hum along with the anthem during the medal ceremonies at the

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Great Patriotic War in song, that idea was dropped from the version which El-Registan and Mikhalkov completed overnight. After a few minor changes to emphasize the Soviet Fatherland, Stalin approved the anthem and had it published on 7 November 1943, including a line about Stalin "inspir us to keep the faith with the people". The revised anthem was announced to all of the USSR on January 1, 1944 and became official on March 15, 1944.

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36% could not identify the anthem's first line. Overall, only 25% of respondents said they liked the anthem. In the previous year, the Russian Public Opinion Research Center found out that 56% of Russians felt pride and admiration at the anthem, even though only 40% (up from 19% in 2004) knew the first words of the anthem. It was also noted in the survey that the younger generation was the most familiar with the words.

1411:, state symbols and signs are not protected by copyright. As such, the anthem's music and lyrics may be used and modified freely. Although the law calls for the anthem to be performed respectfully and for performers to avoid causing offence, it does not define what constitutes offensive acts or penalties. Standing for the anthem is required by law but the law does not specify a penalty for refusing to stand. 1296:: "We were raised by Stalin to be true to the people, inspiring us to feats of labour and heroism." While groups have threatened legal action to reverse the re-addition of this phrase on a stone banner at the vestibule's rotunda, it was part of the original design of Kurskaya station and had been removed during de-Stalinization. Most of the commentary surrounding this event focused on the 1311:, a KPRF member of the Duma, advocated for the removal of any reference to God in the anthem. Kashin's suggestion was also supported by Alexander Nikonov, a journalist with SPID-INFO and an avowed atheist. Nikonov argued that religion should be a private matter and should not be used by the state. Kashin found that the cost for making a new anthem recording will be about 120,000 1277:, felt that playing the anthem at Yeltsin's funeral "abused the man who brought freedom" to the Russian people. The Russian government states that the "solemn music and poetic work" of the anthem, despite its history, is a symbol of unity for the Russian people. Mikhalkov's words evoke "feelings of patriotism, respect for the history of the country and its system of government." 381:. This anthem proved to be unpopular with the Russian public and with many politicians and public figures, because of its tune and lack of lyrics, and consequently its inability to inspire Russian athletes during international competitions. The government sponsored contests to create lyrics for the unpopular anthem, but none of the entries were adopted. 1000: 998: 262: 938:

However, the lack of lyrics doomed "Patrioticheskaya Pesnya". Various attempts were made to compose lyrics for the anthem, including a contest that allowed any Russian citizen to participate. A committee set up by the government looked at over 6000 entries, and 20 were recorded by an orchestra for a final vote.

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Not everyone agreed with the adoption of the new anthem. Yeltsin argued that Putin should not have changed the anthem merely to "follow blindly the mood of the people". Yeltsin also felt that the restoration of the Soviet anthem was part of a move to reject post-communist reforms that had taken place

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Regulations for the performance of the national anthem are set forth in the law signed by President Putin on 25 December 2000. While a performance of the anthem may include only music, only words, or a combination of both, the anthem must be performed using the official music and words prescribed by

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and publicized just two days before Russia's flag day (22 August), 56% of respondents stated that they felt proud when hearing the national anthem. However, only 39% could recall the words of the first line of the anthem. This was an increase from 33% in 2007. According to the survey, between 34 and

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organization; in 1902, Arkadij Jakovlevich Kots translated Pottier's lyrics into Russian. Kots also changed the grammatical tense of the song, to make it more decisive in nature. The first major use of the song was at the funeral of victims of the February Revolution in Petrograd. Lenin also wanted

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voted 381–51–1 in favor of adopting Alexandrov's music as the national anthem on 8 December 2000. Following the vote, a committee was formed and tasked with exploring lyrics for the national anthem. After receiving over 6,000 manuscripts from all sectors of Russian society, the committee selected

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were called to Moscow by one of Stalin's staffers, and were told to fix the lyrics to Alexandrov's music. They were instructed to keep the verses the same, but to find a way to change the refrains which described "a Country of Soviets". Because of the difficulty of expressing the concepts of the

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and by Putin himself. The other national symbols used by Russia in 1990, the white-blue-red flag and the double-headed eagle coat of arms, were also given legal approval by Putin in December, thus ending the debate over the national symbols. After all of the symbols were adopted, Putin said on

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When "Patrioticheskaya Pesnya" was used as the national anthem, it had official lyrics but was not accepted. The anthem struck a positive chord for some people because it did not contain elements from the Soviet past, and because the public considered Glinka to be a patriot and a true Russian.

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on December 11, 1993, retaining "Patrioticheskaya Pesnya" the official anthem for Russia, but this decree was provisional, since the draft Constitution (which was passed a day later) explicitly referred this matter to legislation, enacted by parliament. According to Article 70 of the

1141: 1140: 222: 1142: 1077:) should be a top priority for the country. Putin pressed for the former Soviet anthem to be selected as the new Russian anthem, but strongly suggested that new lyrics be written. He did not say how much of the old Soviet lyrics should be retained for the new anthem. Putin submitted the 1003: 1001: 1002: 221: 219: 216: 215: 214: 1135: 220: 218: 224: 1117: 1139: 1138: 1118: 1133: 1127: 1124: 148: 145: 1136: 1134: 1129: 1125: 1122: 1121: 1120: 1119: 1137: 1131: 1126: 1123: 212: 1113: 1130: 1128: 1143: 587:"The Internationale" to be played more often because it was more socialist, and could not be confused with the French anthem; other persons in the new Soviet government believed "La Marseillaise" to be too bourgeois. "The Internationale" was used as the state anthem of 157: 156: 153: 142: 131: 155: 154: 132: 514:, who chose the song to be the next anthem of Imperial Russia. The song resembled a hymn, and its musical style was similar to that of other anthems used by European monarchs. "God Save the Tsar!" was performed for the first time on 8 December 1833, at the 149: 143: 138: 150: 139: 136: 135: 134: 133: 129: 1381:, everybody must stand up (in case the national flag is raising, facing to the flag), men must remove their headgear (in practice, excluding those in military uniform and clergymen). Uniformed personnel must give a military salute when the anthem plays. 152: 147: 141: 140: 137: 130: 151: 146: 144: 158: 563:. The modifications Lavrov made to "La Marseillaise" included a change in meter from 2/2 to 4/4 and music harmonization to make it sound more Russian. It was used at governmental meetings, welcoming ceremonies for diplomats and state funerals. 326:" as a new, more Soviet-centric and Russia-centric Soviet anthem. The same melody, but without any lyrics, was used after 1956. A second version of the lyrics was written by Mikhalkov in 1970 and adopted in 1977, placing less emphasis on 645:

In response, Alexandrov blamed the problems on Viktor Knushevitsky, who was responsible for orchestrating the entries for the final contest rounds. When writing the Bolshevik party anthem, Alexandrov incorporated pieces from the song

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vowed not to stand during the anthem. Russian cultural figures and government officials were also troubled by Putin's restoration of the Soviet anthem, even with different lyrics. A former adviser to both Yeltsin and

997: 245: 211: 522:. It was later played at the Winter Palace on Christmas Day, by order of Nicholas I. Public singing of the anthem began at opera houses in 1834, but it was not widely known across the Russian Empire until 1837. 128: 3286: 1112: 7694: 213: 668:), a musical comedy that he composed. This comedy was based on a slogan Stalin first used in 1935. Over 200 entries were submitted for the anthem contest, including some by famous Soviet composers 1231:

The Russian anthem is set to the melody of the State Anthem of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. As a result, there have been several controversies related to its use. Some such as cellist

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Once a performance has been recorded, it may be used for any purpose, such as in a radio or television broadcast. The anthem may be played for solemn or celebratory occasions, such as the annual

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The above lines were omitted from the final version of the lyrics. After the bill was approved by the Federation Council on 20 December, "On the National Anthem of the Russian Federation" was

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in Moscow. While it was common to hear the state anthem during state funerals for Soviet civil and military officials, honored citizens of the nation, and Soviet leaders, as was the case for

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The National Anthem of the Russian Federation is the Patriotic Song composed by Mikhail Glinka. The text of the National Anthem of the Russian Federation shall be endorsed by the federal law.

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Studies, Joint Committee on Slavic; Societies, American Council of Learned; ), Social Science Research Council (U.S.); Studies, American Association for the Advancement of Slavic (1984).

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by the President. It is played at sporting events in Russia and abroad, according to the protocol of the organisation hosting the games. According to the law, when the anthem is played

1365:, and for official state ceremonies. It is played on television and radio at the beginning and end of the broadcast day. If programming is continuous, the anthem is played once at 0600 3396: 236: 5206: 8856: 8835: 8760: 8750: 8745: 8740: 8725: 8720: 3363: 3129: 1408: 7689: 127: 3060: 391:

Public perception of the anthem is positive among Russians. A 2009 poll showed that 56% of respondents felt proud when hearing the national anthem, and that 25% liked it.

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law. During official performances of the national anthem, everyone present listens to it standing, and men remove their hats. If the National Anthem is played whilst the

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in October 1977. In the credits for the 1977 lyrics, Mikhalkov was mentioned, but references to El-Registan, who died in 1945, were dropped for unknown reasons.

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was dissolved in 1943, the government argued that "The Internationale", which was historically associated with the Comintern, should be replaced as the

8133: 7743: 7654: 5040: 4641: 4526: 7664: 8141: 8125: 7528: 6927: 6922: 6902: 914:) required further definition by future legislation. As it was a constitutional matter, it had to be passed by a two-thirds majority in the Duma. 881:

However, conflict between President and Congress made passage of that draft less likely: the Congress shifted onto more and more rewriting of the

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After selecting the music by Alexandrov for the national anthem, Stalin needed new lyrics. He thought that the song was short and, because of the

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after a contest in 1943. Stalin praised the song for fulfilling what a national anthem should be, though he criticized the song's orchestration.

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in Moscow, or the funerals of heads of state and other significant figures. When asked about playing the anthem during the Victory Day parades,

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Putin on 25 December, officially making Alexandrov's music the national anthem of Russia. The law was published two days later in the official

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Before the official adoption of the lyrics, the Kremlin released a section of the anthem, which made a reference to the flag and coat of arms:

9162: 8452: 8206: 8190: 6708: 3387: 2866: 2688: 2588: 4828: 4497:[Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 11.12.1993, Number 2127 "On the National Anthem of the Russian Federation"]. 588: 8053: 7944: 6275: 6137: 4920: 837:

in early 1990, a new national anthem was needed to help define the reorganized nation and to reject the Soviet past. The Chairman of the

426: 3354: 3120: 1348: 1307:(KPRF) strongly supported the restoration of Alexandrov's melody, but some members proposed other changes to the anthem. In March 2010, 4880: 1354:

stated that because of the acoustics of the Red Square, only an orchestra would be used because voices would be swallowed by the echo.

3034: 9023: 7939: 7218: 6793: 6336: 4529:[Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 30.12.2000] (in Russian). Kremlin.ru. December 30, 2000. Archived from 4374: 1304: 1203: 922: 8630: 3589:[Musical Notation — National Anthem of the Russian Federation] (in Russian). Government of the Russian Federation. 2000 8297: 7959: 7533: 6763: 6738: 6723: 6105: 5805: 4494: 1881: 1202:

stated that the re-adoption of the Soviet anthem "deepened the schism in Russian society". The Soviet anthem was supported by the

8281: 7503: 7135: 5342: 5247: 5162: 4689: 3704: 1327: 3561:[National anthem of the Russian Federation] (in Russian). Official Site of the President of Russia. 2009. Archived from 2482: 8500: 7373: 7123: 6803: 6698: 6046: 5463: 2934: 2562: 1963:. England, United Kingdom: British Broadcasting Corporation. December 7, 2000. Archived from the original on September 30, 2016 1315:. The Russian Government quickly rejected the request because it lacked statistical data and other findings. Nikonov asked the 1281: 890: 849:, was advised to revive "God Save The Tsar" with modifications to the lyrics. However, he instead selected a piece composed by 4626: 3006: 2657: 9011: 7949: 7919: 5558: 5221: 4900: 4602: 4587: 4475: 4433: 4412: 4317: 4230: 4177: 4135: 4114: 4039: 3976: 3915: 3871: 3850: 3808: 3787: 3766: 3745: 921:

to retain "Patrioticheskaya Pesnya" as the official anthem of Russia. However, it faced stiff opposition from members of the

6369: 5942: 3798: 8596: 8369: 8337: 8165: 6758: 6718: 5892: 5604: 4857: 4659: – an overview, with audio, of the history of the Russian and Soviet national anthems throughout the twentieth century 4656: 4617: 4353: 3861: 1956: 4592: 4545: 4444: 4220: 4188: 4050: 3966: 3735: 3607: 2249: 2001: 980: 9172: 9033: 8645: 7929: 7081: 6743: 6598: 6098: 5835: 4779: 4146: 4125: 3945: 3777: 3526: 894: 731:

on the change of anthem, but there is no evidence that Alexandrov consciously used parts of "Bylina" in his composition.

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of 76 beats per minute. Using either time signature, the anthem must be played in a solemn and singing manner (Russian:

477:". Russia's anthem was also influenced by the anthems of France and the Netherlands, and by the British patriotic song " 8265: 7924: 6733: 5337: 4956: 4423: 4398: 3199: 2275: 886: 4307: 4262: 3840: 9028: 7720: 7093: 6773: 6753: 6748: 5770: 5659: 5594: 4895: 4754: 4454: 4384: 4363: 4342: 4293: 4272: 4251: 4198: 4167: 4156: 4070: 4011: 3987: 3955: 3934: 3894: 3829: 1244:, stated that, when "Stalin's hymn" was used as the national anthem of the Soviet Union, horrific crimes took place. 898: 425:

in 1816, various church hymns and military marches were used to honor the country and the Tsars. Songs used include "

6375: 4029: 9207: 9182: 8948: 8572: 8476: 8109: 8093: 8061: 7628: 6892: 6218: 6198: 6147: 5518: 5501: 5167: 4465: 4283: 4104: 3756: 2784: 623: 604: 311: 307: 78: 4598:Музыкальное обеспечение парада на Красной площади возложено на не имеющий мировых аналогов Сводный военный оркестр 3819: 3700: 8705: 8417: 7771: 7438: 6866: 6587: 6505: 6268: 5312: 4850: 4511:"Federal Constitutional Law of the Russian Federation – About the National Anthem of the Russian Federation" 2840: 1434: 1192: 716: 370: 1058:

club complained that the wordless anthem "affected their morale and performance". Two years earlier, during the

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Scenarios of Power: Myth and Ceremony in Russian Monarchy from Peter the Great to the Abdication of Nicholas II

4241: 3288: 1789: 1316: 1268: 1148: 689: 583: 560: 171: 8425: 4650: 4582: 1856: 9119: 9004: 8916: 7244: 7211: 6979: 5713: 5428: 5252: 5212: 4966: 4890: 4885: 4789: 3233: 1241: 1062:, members of the Russian team commented that the wordless anthem failed to inspire "great patriotic effort". 6495: 4638: 3447: 9099: 8588: 8345: 8273: 7791: 7473: 7333: 6703: 6616: 5999: 5979: 5882: 5533: 5483: 5347: 5192: 5157: 4840: 4530: 4209: 2814: 1362: 327: 3556: 2383: 1607: 1247:

At the 2007 funeral of Yeltsin, the Russian state anthem was played as his coffin was laid to rest at the

1081:"On the National Anthem of the Russian Federation" to the Duma for their consideration on 4 December. The 8305: 7801: 7398: 7057: 6603: 6520: 6361: 5897: 5634: 5506: 5413: 5367: 5357: 5322: 5202: 5077: 5062: 4716: 4682: 2308:Выступление Бориса Грызлова при обсуждении законопроекта о государственной символике Российской Федерации 1009:

Performance of the Hymn of the Russian Federation by the Presidential Orchestra and Kremlin Choir at the

885:, while President pushed forward with new draft Constitution, which does not define state symbols. After 627: 2908: 9104: 8685: 7555: 7483: 7383: 6788: 6783: 6728: 6593: 6545: 6480: 6430: 6316: 6261: 5957: 5790: 5572: 5553: 5453: 5443: 5438: 5030: 4910: 4509: 1829: 819: 685: 6991: 6876: 4597: 4376:

The National and Religious Song Reader: Patriotic, Traditional, and Sacred Songs from Around the World

2734: 626:, had previously been incorporated in several hymns and compositions. The music was first used in the 166:

Official orchestral vocal recording by the Russian Presidential Orchestra and the Moscow Kremlin Choir

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attempt to "rehabilitate the image" of Stalin by using symbolism sympathetic to or created by him.

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After Stalin's death in 1953, the Soviet government examined his legacy. The government began the

9056: 9038: 8964: 8954: 8524: 8353: 8117: 8007: 7826: 7284: 6641: 6576: 6420: 6228: 6029: 6004: 5840: 5689: 5649: 5352: 5297: 5182: 5050: 3500: 2965: 2874: 2696: 2596: 1761: 1059: 953: 854: 828: 780: 658: 567: 541: 500: 455: 437: 411: 358: 106: 6515: 6346: 4639:Александров А.В. — Гимн Российской Федерации (Сводный оркестр Министерства обороны), Second Link 4547:"Part IV of Civil Code No. 230-FZ of the Russian Federation. Article 1259. Objects of Copyright" 4090: 2787:[Decree No. 350 of July 2nd, 2002 "On the National Anthem of the Republic of Belarus"]. 43: 9202: 9177: 9152: 8979: 8959: 8901: 8377: 8249: 8069: 7623: 7583: 7353: 7308: 7117: 6955: 6912: 6485: 6425: 6157: 5967: 5825: 5795: 5750: 5701: 5696: 5629: 5513: 5473: 5433: 5267: 5177: 5172: 4993: 4905: 4772: 4675: 4627:Александров А.В. — Гимн Российской Федерации (Сводный оркестр Министерства обороны), First Link 1074: 984: 925:, who wanted the Soviet anthem restored. Because any anthem had to be approved by a two-thirds 911: 903: 705: 400: 7518: 7468: 6907: 6540: 3608:

Part IV of Civil Code No. 230-FZ of the Russian Federation. Article 1259. Objects of Copyright

929:, this disagreement between Duma factions for nearly a decade prevented passage of an anthem. 719:

in the Duma, noted that the music which Alexandrov wrote for the Soviet anthem was similar to

9043: 8926: 8604: 8564: 8508: 8361: 7893: 6798: 6365: 6187: 5994: 5735: 5708: 5669: 5609: 5408: 5377: 5287: 5035: 4971: 3882: 1232: 570:, the anthem of international revolutionary socialism, "L'Internationale" (usually known as " 6851: 8944: 8241: 8214: 7821: 7679: 7463: 7408: 7009: 6949: 6646: 6475: 6440: 6435: 6024: 5932: 5927: 5679: 5614: 5372: 5307: 5302: 5292: 5262: 5257: 5217: 4724: 3452: 3061:"Russia Unveils New National Anthem Joining the Old Soviet Tune to the Older, Unsoviet God" 3038: 2490: 1429: 1297: 1264: 1248: 1208: 1184: 776: 511: 6997: 6415: 3421: 2791:(in Belarusian). Пресс-служба Президента Республики Беларусь. July 2, 2002. Archived from 8: 9157: 9133: 9114: 9094: 8670: 8393: 7608: 7603: 7593: 7563: 7413: 7003: 6660: 6019: 5775: 5725: 5644: 5548: 5382: 5327: 5282: 5277: 5272: 5227: 5187: 5152: 5094: 5008: 4939: 4801: 4303: 2343: 2234: 1358: 1344: 1293: 1273: 1171: 1078: 1014: 870: 865: 764: 748: 693: 669: 526: 319: 7488: 6460: 4502: 1404:). The government has released arrangements for orchestras, brass bands and wind bands. 1219: 1187:

in Moscow at which Mikhalkov's lyrics were officially made part of the national anthem.

8612: 8548: 8540: 8289: 8101: 8077: 7954: 7898: 7863: 7766: 7761: 7578: 7537: 7129: 6630: 6608: 6208: 6167: 5947: 5922: 5912: 5902: 5887: 5872: 5830: 5760: 5745: 5684: 5664: 5654: 5624: 5599: 5584: 5528: 5468: 5458: 5317: 5140: 5126: 5121: 5067: 5003: 4813: 4093: 2348: 1976: 1351: 1179: 1175: 1066: 571: 489: 474: 323: 7141: 6826: 4495:"Указ Президента РФ от 11.12.93 N 2127 "О Государственном гимне Российской Федерации"" 1935:"The Russian National Anthem and the problem of National Identity in the 21st Century" 1888:. pravo.levonevsky.org. November 23, 1990. Archived from the original on May 12, 2010. 1288:

In September 2009, a line from the lyrics used during Stalin's rule reappeared at the

1167: 727:". Supporters of the Soviet anthem mentioned this in the various debates held in the 8940: 8257: 8012: 7811: 7796: 7568: 7443: 7428: 7264: 7075: 7045: 6841: 6713: 6670: 6555: 6550: 6530: 6306: 6065: 5817: 5785: 5780: 5765: 5740: 5589: 5538: 5488: 5418: 5396: 5241: 5025: 4961: 4951: 4915: 4818: 4784: 4762: 4707: 4525: 4471: 4450: 4429: 4408: 4404: 4380: 4359: 4338: 4313: 4289: 4268: 4247: 4226: 4194: 4173: 4152: 4131: 4110: 4086: 4066: 4035: 4007: 3972: 3951: 3930: 3911: 3890: 3867: 3846: 3825: 3804: 3783: 3762: 3741: 2843:(in Bosnian). Ministarstvo vanjskih poslova Bosne i Hercegovine. 2001. Archived from 1893: 1840: 1797: 1370: 1237: 1055: 1052: 720: 673: 618:

1983 Soviet stamp honoring the 100th anniversary of the birth of Alexander Alexandrov

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Revolutionary Dreams: Utopian Vision and Experimental Life in the Russian Revolution

2942: 2566: 1913: 575: 529:, when the Russian monarchy was overthrown. Upon the overthrow, in March 1917, the " 9016: 8994: 8329: 8002: 7997: 7903: 7781: 7180: 7063: 6943: 6622: 6301: 6014: 5952: 5907: 5850: 5755: 5674: 5639: 5448: 5099: 4998: 4806: 4549:(in Russian). Правительство Российской Федерации. December 18, 2006. Archived from 4510: 4493: 4058: 3999: 3422:"Notorious journalist backs up the idea to take out word "God" from Russian anthem" 3012: 2665: 2550: 1793: 1776: 1423: 1374: 1047:. Putin brought public attention to the issue and put it before the State Council. 772: 760: 697: 478: 466: 315: 67: 7111: 6455: 6356: 775:

process, which included downplaying the role of Stalin and moving his corpse from

9066: 9051: 8401: 8385: 7733: 7448: 7423: 7298: 7099: 6400: 6395: 6385: 6351: 6293: 6121: 6074: 6034: 5937: 5877: 5867: 5855: 5800: 5619: 5013: 4988: 4767: 4645: 4633: 4621: 4609: 3683: 2194: 1256: 1039:, commented that Russian athletes had no words to sing for the anthem during the 1017: 579: 556: 515: 299: 4614: 3885:; Gasparov, Boris; Kelly, Catriona; Hughes, Lindsey; Sandler, Stephanie (2004). 3089: 8891: 8886: 7776: 7453: 7323: 7318: 7105: 6961: 6917: 5972: 5845: 5106: 5072: 4796: 4749: 4394: 2253: 2005: 1385: 1337: 1252: 1070: 1036: 1028: 1021: 907: 850: 470: 422: 385: 362: 7147: 6510: 4576: 3631: 3584: 3534: 2792: 1183:. The new anthem was first performed on 30 December, during a ceremony at the 813: 484:

In 1833, Zhukovsky was asked to set lyrics to a musical composition by Prince

9146: 8028: 7883: 7868: 7858: 7816: 7418: 7393: 7378: 7269: 7185: 7159: 6967: 6871: 6636: 6090: 6079: 5984: 5493: 5232: 4823: 4400:

The Magical Chorus: A History of Russian Culture from Tolstoy to Solzhenitsyn

3708: 3326: 1942: 1366: 1260: 1160: 926: 846: 739: 712: 639: 574:" in English), was adopted as the new anthem. The lyrics had been written by 378: 335: 4062: 2735:"Russian Orthodox Church Approves as Putin Decides to Sing to a Soviet Tune" 2283: 465:). "The Prayer of the Russians" was adopted around 1816, and used lyrics by 8931: 8409: 8173: 7888: 7878: 7458: 7403: 7249: 7051: 6856: 6490: 6450: 6445: 6311: 5860: 4845: 4835: 4663:

Streaming audio, lyrics and information about the National Anthem of Russia

4190:

The Russian Presidency: Society and Politics in the Second Russian Republic

2252:. Government of the Pridnestrovskaia Moldavskaia Respublica. Archived from 1830:

Federal Constitutional Law on the National Anthem of the Russian Federation

1308: 1289: 1224: 1082: 1010: 842: 752: 677: 592: 552: 346: 342: 6410: 4003: 2844: 2785:"Указ № 350 ад 2 ліпеня 2002 г. "Аб Дзяржаўным гімне Рэспублікі Беларусь"" 680:. Later, the rejected joint entry by Khachaturian and Shostakovich became 48:

The official arrangement of the Russian national anthem, completed in 2001

9109: 8666: 7478: 7313: 7279: 7033: 7027: 6768: 6535: 6525: 6390: 6341: 6326: 5055: 4862: 4739: 2565:. Government of the Russian Federation. December 12, 1993. Archived from 2306: 2004:. Russian Public Opinion Research Center. August 20, 2009. Archived from 972: 964: 485: 8492: 7710: 4097: 1035:

The anthem debate intensified in October 2000 when Yeltsin's successor,

8906: 7649: 7259: 7087: 7039: 7021: 5084: 4744: 4734: 3758:

The Music of European Nationalism: Cultural Identity and Modern History

2276:"Гимн СССР написан в XIX веке Василием Калинниковым и Робертом Шуманом" 1156: 1040: 918: 638:. Alexandrov's music was chosen as the new anthem by the Soviet leader 286: 176: 7153: 2201:. "Aram Khachaturian" International Enlightenment-Cultural Association 8426:

Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam

7523: 7288: 6470: 4729: 3863:

Interpreting the Russian Revolution: the language and symbols of 1917

3821:

Soviet Hieroglyphics: Visual Culture in Late Twentieth-Century Russia

631: 331: 7303: 6253: 3475: 614: 7873: 7388: 7343: 7338: 7015: 6861: 6831: 4243:

Survival for Service: My Experiences as Governor General of Grenada

4148:

Military and Society in 21st Century Europe: A Comparative Analysis

2282:(in Russian). Rambler Media Group. December 8, 2000. Archived from 756: 322:

on the original anthem. From 1944, that earliest version replaced "

7196: 4667: 4031:

Stalinism: Russian and Western Views at the Turn of the Millennium

3299:(7). American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies: 9 2935:"Guide to Russia – National Anthem of the Russian Federation" 1369:, or slightly earlier at 0458 hours. The anthem is also played on 9071: 8532: 7513: 7363: 7358: 6897: 6405: 5207:

Foreign Relations of Russia since the Russian invasion of Ukraine

5089: 4443:

Waxman, Mordecai; Ginor, Tseviyah Ben-Yosef; Ginor, Zvia (1998).

3656: 3586:Музыкальная редакция: Государственного гимна Российской Федерации 1389: 1199: 968: 566:

After the Bolsheviks overthrew the provisional government in the

4501:(in Russian). Правительство Российской Федерации. Archived from 2232:Константинов, С. (June 30, 2001). "Гимн — дело серьёзное". 1331:

Federal law of 25 December 2000 on the national anthem of Russia

8149: 7227: 6380: 6284: 6125: 4698: 3881:

Franklin, Simon; Widdis, Emma; Jahn, Hubertus; Cross, Anthony;

3705:

Consulate-General of the Russian Federation in Montreal, Canada

3562: 1312: 1152: 1147:

Instrumental performance of the Russian national anthem at the

1069:, Putin stated that establishing the national symbols (anthem, 724: 519: 303: 56: 2381: 488:

called "The Russian People's Prayer", known more commonly as "

7292: 3907:

Five Operas and a Symphony: Word and Music in Russian Culture

1393: 976: 743:

Lyric writer Sergey Mikhalkov in 2002 meeting President Putin

384:

Glinka's anthem was replaced soon after Yeltsin's successor,

3011:(in Russian). Администрация Приморского края. Archived from 2394:. Embassy of the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics: 13 1195:. This was one of Yeltsin's few public criticisms of Putin. 582:

had composed the music in 1871 to honor the creation of the

8969: 4588:

Download Arrangement for symphony orchestra and mixed choir

4527:"Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 30.12.2000 N 2110" 4103:

Korosteleva, Elena; Lawson, Colin; Marsh, Rosalind (2002).

3950:. Manchester, United Kingdom: Manchester University Press. 3244:. Embassy of the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics: 5 1777:[ɡəsʊˈdarstvʲɪn(ː)ɨjˈɡʲimnrɐˈsʲijskəjfʲɪdʲɪˈratsɨɪ] 751:, that it needed a statement about the impending defeat of 728: 704:), became a popular patriotic song and was adopted as the 4513:. Government of the Russian Federation. December 25, 2000 3737:

Writing History in the Soviet Union: Making the Past Work

3188:"Yeltsin "Categorically Against" Restoring Soviet Anthem" 2691:[Unsuccessful Anthem: Our State — Russia!]. 1853:"Russia — National Anthem of the Russian Federation" 1841:Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 30.12.2000 N 2110 1699:

You are the only one in the world! You are the only one –

1048: 917:

Between 1994 and 1999, many votes were called for in the

3927:Государственные символы России (State Symbols of Russia) 1721:

We are given strength by our fidelity to the Fatherland.

1319:

in 2005 if the lyrics were compatible with Russian law.

4106:

Contemporary Belarus Between Democracy and Dictatorship

3880: 2622: 2551:Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 11.12.93 N 2127 1361:, for opening and closing sessions of the Duma and the 308:

State Anthem of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

4102: 3968:

Islam in Russia: The Politics of Identity and Security

2771: 790: 237:

Official orchestral instrumental recording (one verse)

28:

English: "State Anthem of the Russian Federation"

3887:

National identity in Russian culture: an introduction

3416: 3414: 3037:. President of the Russian Federation. Archived from 1766: 1527: 958: 663: 546: 505: 460: 442: 416: 19: 3501:"Russia marks Victory Day with parade on Red Square" 3096:. British Broadcasting Corporation. December 8, 2000 3231: 4302: 3411: 3386: 3353: 3119: 2388:Embassy of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 2157: 1914:"On the National Anthem of the Russian Federation" 1876: 1874: 1357:The anthem is mandatory at the swearing-in of the 1340:is being raised, the audience will face the flag. 4326: 4127:The Power of Symbols Against the Symbols of Power 3527:"Defence Minister Commands 'Onwards to Victory!'" 3448:"God Beats Communists in Russian National Anthem" 2002:"RUSSIAN STATE SYMBOLS: KNOWLEDGE & FEELINGS" 9144: 4442: 3924: 3859: 3121:"In death, Yeltsin scorns symbols of Soviet era" 2990: 2759: 2417: 2413: 2411: 2409: 2113: 2050: 2026: 1981:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 1918:Ukase of the President of the Russian Federation 1898:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 1886:Decree of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR 3800:The Secret File of Joseph Stalin: A Hidden Life 2966:"Putin Sings Praises of Old-New Russian Anthem" 2941:. Strana.ru. September 18, 2002. Archived from 2483:"Yeltsin Laid To Rest In Elite Moscow Cemetery" 2153: 2151: 2149: 1871: 893:(i.e. on December 11, 1993) Yeltsin, then 447:) and "How Glorious is our Lord" (Russian: 277:Performed by the Russian Presidential Orchestra 230:Performed by the Russian Presidential Orchestra 6120: 4288:. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. 4051:"Ethnic Nationalism in the Russian Federation" 2618: 2616: 2614: 2581: 2530:"Draft Constitution of the Russian Federation" 873:). The draft, among other things, reads that: 8646: 7212: 6269: 6106: 4683: 4309:Testimony: The Memoirs of Dmitri Shostakovich 3925:Голованова, Марина П.; Шергин, В. С. (2003). 2984: 2689:"Неудавшийся гимн: Имя страны – Россия!" 2652: 2650: 2648: 2406: 1754: 1723:So it was, so it is and it will always be so! 1447: 946: 858: 815:The Patriotic Song (1 min. 20 sec.) 692:, the son of Alexander. His rejected entry, " 651: 622:The music of the national anthem, created by 534: 493: 448: 430: 404: 33: 6575: 4057:. Transaction Publishers. pp. 121–142. 3113: 3111: 3001: 2999: 2909:"Russian Duma Approves National Anthem Bill" 2231: 2146: 1957:"EUROPE – Yeltsin attacks Putin over anthem" 1882:"On the National Anthem of the Russian SFSR" 1756:Госуда́рственный гимн Росси́йской Федера́ции 124: 35:Госуда́рственный гимн Росси́йской Федера́ции 4327:Соболева, Надежда; Казакевич, А. Н (2006). 4077:Originally published as a special issue of 3860:Figes, Orlando; Kolonitskii, Boris (1999). 3329:. March 25, 1985. p. 2. Archived from 2686: 2664:. RIA Novosti. June 7, 2007. Archived from 2611: 1825: 1823: 1821: 1688:Be glorified, country! We are proud of you! 559:", was used as an unofficial anthem by the 8653: 8639: 7219: 7205: 6276: 6262: 6113: 6099: 4690: 4676: 4577:Download at Government of Russia's website 4165: 4027: 3351: 3215: 3213: 2972:. American Broadcasting Company. p. 2 2815:"Spain: National Symbols: National Anthem" 2728: 2726: 2645: 2512: 2510: 2508: 2369: 2329: 1929: 1927: 1768:Gosudárstvennyy gimn Rossíyskoy Federátsii 1583:Shirokiy prostor dlya mechty i dlya zhizni 684:, and Khachaturian went on to compose the 598: 205:Official orchestral instrumental recording 42: 21:Gosudarstvennyy Gimn Rossiyskoy Federatsii 4281: 3701:"State Symbols of the Russian Federation" 3618: 3117: 3108: 3027: 2996: 2895: 2085: 2083: 1996: 1994: 1992: 1305:Communist Party of the Russian Federation 941:The eventual winner was Viktor Radugin's 923:Communist Party of the Russian Federation 345:was the only constituent republic of the 4372: 4335:The Symbols and Shrines of Russian Power 4144: 4048: 3903: 3796: 3388:"Josef Stalin 'returns' to Moscow metro" 3355:"Why modern Russia is a state of denial" 3289:"Andropov Is Buried at the Kremlin Wall" 2963: 2717: 2687:Владимирова, Бориса (January 23, 2002). 2635: 2633: 2631: 2595:. CNN. December 30, 2000. Archived from 2563:"Constitution of the Russian Federation" 2468: 2452: 2450: 2429: 2101: 2074: 1834: 1818: 1695:From the southern seas to the polar edge 1533:Rossiya — svyashchennaya nasha derzhava, 1326: 1218: 1108: 994: 738: 613: 591:from 1918, adopted by the newly created 525:"God Save the Tsar!" was used until the 365:, was officially adopted in 1990 by the 5343:Collective Security Treaty Organization 4593:Download Arrangement for wind orchestra 4463: 4260: 4207: 4186: 3754: 3733: 3234:"Last Honors Paid Marshal Shaposhnikov" 3219: 3210: 3198:(228). December 7, 2000. Archived from 3162: 2873:. CNN. December 8, 2000. Archived from 2732: 2723: 2589:"Russians to hail their 'holy country'" 2516: 2505: 2382:Soviet Union. PosolʹStvo (U.S) (1944). 2304: 2219: 2062: 2038: 1924: 1684:The age-old union of fraternal peoples, 1589:Tak bylo, tak yest' i tak budet vsegda! 1587:Nam silu dayot nasha vernost' Otchizne. 421:) was chosen as the national anthem of 9145: 8975:Missile Forces of Strategic Importance 6239:State Anthem of the Russian Federation 4421: 4393: 4351: 4337:] (in Russian). ОЛМА Медиа Групп. 3988:"Chapter IV: Law of Creative Activity" 3964: 3943: 3817: 3384: 3293:The Current Digest of the Soviet Press 3262: 3174: 3084: 3082: 2964:Shukshin, Andrei (November 30, 2000). 2441: 2341: 2169: 2136: 2134: 2125: 2089: 2080: 1989: 1697:Our forests and fields are spread out. 1548:Slav'sya, Otechestvo nashe svobodnoye, 1509:Так было, так есть и так будет всегда! 1282:Russian Public Opinion Research Center 1099:Is leading Russia's peoples to victory 906:, state symbols (which are an anthem, 835:impending collapse of the Soviet Union 711:During the 2000 debate on the anthem, 555:'s modification of the French anthem " 296:State Anthem of the Russian Federation 8634: 8325:(then the State of Cambodia, 1979–92) 7200: 6283: 6257: 6094: 4901:Judicial system of the Russian Empire 4671: 4583:State Insignia – National Anthem 4239: 4218: 4123: 3986:Ioffe, Olimpiad Solomonovich (1988). 3985: 3399:from the original on January 12, 2022 3366:from the original on January 12, 2022 3274: 3132:from the original on January 12, 2022 3035:"State Insignia -The National Anthem" 2639: 2628: 2480: 2456: 2447: 2342:Volkov, Solomon (December 16, 2000). 2181: 1920:. infopravo.by.ru. December 11, 1993. 1775: 1554:Slav'sya, strana! My gordimsya toboy! 1503:Широкий простор для мечты и для жизни 394: 6040:Unified Sports Classification System 4499:Указ Президента Российской Федерации 4330:Символы и святыни Российской державы 3775: 3507:. People's Daily Online. May 9, 2005 3385:Osborn, Andrew (September 5, 2009). 3150: 3118:Blomfield, Adrian (April 26, 2007). 2789:Указу Прэзідэнта Рэспублікі Беларусь 2772:Korosteleva, Lawson & Marsh 2002 2733:Zolotov, Andrei (December 1, 2000). 1855:. NationalAnthems.me. Archived from 1717:A wide scope for dreams and for life 1686:Ancestor-given wisdom of the people! 1561:Ot yuzhnyh morey do polyarnogo kraya 1552:Predkami dannaya mudrost' narodnaya! 1507:Нам силу даёт наша верность Отчизне. 1214: 1086:lyrics by Mikhalkov for the anthem. 7226: 4697: 3838: 3079: 2199:Virtual Museum of Aram Khachaturian 2140: 2131: 1474:Славься, страна! Мы гордимся тобой! 1191:since Russian independence and the 895:President of the Russian Federation 636:National Anthem of the Soviet Union 593:Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 375:President of the Russian Federation 369:, and confirmed in 1993, after the 355:national anthem of the Soviet Union 13: 6370:Kong Christian stod ved højen mast 6138:Let the Thunder of Victory Rumble! 5338:Commonwealth of Independent States 4028:Keep, John; Litvin, Alter (2004). 3681: 3352:Berezovsky, Boris (May 15, 2007). 2915:. People's Daily. December 8, 2000 2741:. Christianity Today International 2489:. Associated Press. Archived from 2305:Резепов, Олег (December 8, 2000). 1939:The Great Britain – Russia Society 1682:Be glorified, our free Fatherland, 1585:Gryadushchiye nam otkryvayut goda. 1565:Odna ty na svete! Odna ty takaya – 1472:Предками данная мудрость народная! 1468:Славься, Отечество наше свободное, 1414: 1095:The Russian eagle is hovering high 1051:also reported that members of the 990: 932: 887:1993 Russian constitutional crisis 595:in 1922, and was used until 1944. 427:Let the Thunder of Victory Rumble! 306:. It uses the same melody as the " 285:Problems playing these files? See 193: 14: 9219: 9029:Investigative Committee of Russia 8089:(then the Russian SFSR, (1917–18) 7186:Sovereign Military Order of Malta 4567: 4373:Studwell, William Emmett (1996). 4169:Stalin: The Court of the Red Tsar 3889:. University of Cambridge Press. 3395:. Telegraph Media Group Limited. 3362:. Telegraph Media Group Limited. 3319:"Soviets: Ending an Era of Drift" 3128:. Telegraph Media Group Limited. 2867:"Duma approves old Soviet anthem" 1539:Tvoyo dostoyan'ye na vse vremena! 1537:Moguchaya volya, velikaya slava – 1535:Rossiya — lyubimaya nasha strana. 1485:Одна ты на свете! Одна ты такая – 1227:with the lyrics of the new anthem 1024:on 7 May 2008. Seen here is then 9163:History of Russia (1991–present) 9024:Ministry of Emergency Situations 8949:Russian Aerospace Defence Forces 8866: 8397:(1888—1932, now as royal salute) 8105:(then the Soviet Union, 1918–44) 6219:State Anthem of the Soviet Union 6199:How Glorious Is Our Lord in Zion 6148:How Glorious Is Our Lord in Zion 4264:Russia: Experiment with a People 3632:"Государственные символы России" 1567:Khranimaya Bogom rodnaya zemlya! 1550:Bratskikh narodov soyuz vekovoy, 1481:От южных морей до полярного края 1453:Россия — священная наша держава, 1384:The anthem is performed in 4/4 ( 1280:In a 2009 poll conducted by the 1097:The Fatherland's tricolor symbol 1093:His mighty wings spread above us 808: 605:State Anthem of the Soviet Union 241: 209: 3779:Russia and Western Civilization 3693: 3675: 3649: 3624: 3612: 3601: 3577: 3549: 3519: 3493: 3468: 3440: 3378: 3345: 3311: 3280: 3268: 3256: 3225: 3180: 3168: 3156: 3144: 3053: 2957: 2927: 2901: 2889: 2859: 2833: 2807: 2777: 2765: 2753: 2711: 2680: 2555: 2544: 2541:(as CDL(92)52). Article 130 (3) 2522: 2474: 2462: 2435: 2423: 2375: 2363: 2335: 2323: 2298: 2268: 2242: 2225: 2213: 2187: 2175: 2163: 2119: 2107: 2095: 2068: 2056: 2044: 2032: 2020: 1782: 1701:the native land so kept by God! 1563:Raskinulis' nashi lesa i polya. 1193:dissolution of the Soviet Union 688:. There was also an entry from 371:dissolution of the Soviet Union 8322:People's Republic of Kampuchea 7960:Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug 4470:. Princeton University Press. 4053:. In Graubard, Stephen (ed.). 3755:Bohlman, Philip Vilas (2004). 3202:on August 4, 2020 – via 2760:Waxman, Ginor & Ginor 1998 2481:Eckel, Mike (April 26, 2007). 2158:Shostakovich & Volkov 2002 1949: 1941:. gbrussia.org. Archived from 1906: 1845: 1790:File:Russian Anthem chorus.ogg 1747: 1669:Russia is our beloved country. 1528: 1470:Братских народов союз вековой, 1459:Твоё достоянье на все времена! 1338:flag of the Russian Federation 1322: 1317:Constitutional Court of Russia 1149:2010 Moscow Victory Day Parade 584:Second Socialist International 561:Russian Provisional Government 20: 1: 9120:Victory Banner (Soviet Union) 9005:National Guard Forces Command 8917:Moscow Military Music College 7945:Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug 7181:Europe and the European Union 5248:Political abuse of psychiatry 4208:Sandved, Kjell Bloch (1963). 4049:Khazanov, Anatoly M. (1998). 3533:. May 7, 2009. Archived from 3090:"Duma approves Soviet anthem" 1807: 1483:Раскинулись наши леса и поля. 1457:Могучая воля, великая слава – 1455:Россия — любимая наша страна. 1242:President of the Soviet Union 1065:In a November session of the 9012:Ministry of Internal Affairs 8301:(in the mainland, 1930-1949) 8202:(then Turkmenistan, 1946–96) 7538:Taiwan independence movement 6617:British Overseas Territories 5893:Traditions and superstitions 4267:. Harvard University Press. 4222:Russian Politics and Society 4211:The World of Music, Volume 2 3929:(in Russian). Росмэн-Пресс. 3824:. Indiana University Press. 3684:"Transliteration of Russian" 3232:Embassy of the USSR (1945). 2991:Голованова & Шергин 2003 2695:(in Russian). Archived from 2418:Голованова & Шергин 2003 2114:Figes & Kolonitskii 1999 2051:Голованова & Шергин 2003 2027:Голованова & Шергин 2003 1719:The coming years open to us. 1671:A mighty will, great glory – 1505:Грядущие нам открывают года. 1487:Хранимая Богом родная земля! 1198:The liberal political party 889:and just one day before the 630:, created in 1939. When the 318:, who had collaborated with 7: 7018:(France–Italy–Spain–Monaco) 5559:Water supply and sanitation 4358:. Oxford University Press. 3845:. Oxford University Press. 3657:"Государственная символика" 3456:. PRAVDA.Ru. March 30, 2010 3008:Государственный гимн России 2841:"Himna Bosne i Hercegovine" 2739:Christianity Today Magazine 2384:"USSR Information Bulletin" 1767: 1667:Russia is our sacred state, 959: 702:Да здравствует наша держава 664: 628:Hymn of the Bolshevik Party 547: 510:). It was well received by 506: 461: 443: 417: 330:and more on the victory of 10: 9224: 9173:National symbols of Russia 8194:(then Tajikistan, 1946–94) 8186:(then Kyrgyzstan, 1946–92) 8137:(then Azerbaijan, 1944–92) 7285:People's Republic of China 7022:Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur 4306:; Volkov, Solomon (2002). 4193:. Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. 4166:Montefiore, Simon (2005). 3428:. Interfax. March 30, 2010 1673:Your dignity for all time! 1388:) or in 2/4 in the key of 826: 686:Anthem of the Armenian SSR 602: 432:Гром побе́ды, раздава́йся! 401:The Prayer of the Russians 9128: 9082: 8897:National anthem of Russia 8875: 8864: 8678: 8437: 8234: 8044: 8037: 8021: 7988: 7968: 7930:Chukotka Autonomous Okrug 7912: 7851: 7835: 7752: 7719: 7703: 7642: 7554: 7547: 7502: 7235: 7173: 6936: 6885: 6812: 6691: 6564: 6292: 6132: 6059: 5816: 5580: 5571: 5404: 5395: 5148: 5139: 4947: 4938: 4873: 4715: 4706: 4464:Wortman, Richard (2006). 4449:. KTAV Publishing House. 4282:Shevtsova, Lilia (2005). 4145:Kuhlmann, Jurgen (2003). 4055:A New Europe for the Old? 3910:. Yale University Press. 3866:. Yale University Press. 3689:. transliteration.eki.ee. 3558:Гимн Российской Федерации 3238:USSR Information Bulletin 1755: 1448: 1223:A 2001 stamp released by 1045:2000 Summer Olympic Games 947: 891:constitutional referendum 883:1978 Russian Constitution 859: 807: 802: 797: 791:"Patrioticheskaya Pesnya" 734: 701: 652: 535: 494: 449: 444:Grom pobedy, razdavaysya! 431: 405: 334:, and without mentioning 185: 122: 117: 113: 101: 85: 74: 63: 53: 41: 34: 32: 27: 9090:1992 Moscow peace parade 9000:National Guard of Russia 8985:Federal Security Service 8937:Russian Aerospace Forces 6964:(Bosnia and Herzegovina) 5333:Prime Minister of Russia 4620:January 2, 2019, at the 4352:Stites, Richard (1991). 4329: 4261:Service, Robert (2006). 4187:Nichols, Thomas (2001). 3965:Hunter, Shireen (2004). 3904:Gasparov, Boris (2005). 3797:Brackman, Roman (2000). 3585: 3557: 3204:The Jamestown Foundation 3007: 2307: 1740: 609: 469:set to the music of the 367:Supreme Soviet of Russia 9208:Compositions in C major 9183:Russian patriotic songs 9039:Suvorov Military School 8955:Russian Airborne Forces 8922:Preobrazhensky Regiment 7150:(Norway–Sweden–Finland) 6774:Nenets Autonomous Okrug 6152:(1794–1816; unofficial) 6142:(1791–1816; unofficial) 5771:Social entrepreneurship 5660:Forced public apologies 5595:Anti-American sentiment 4644:August 4, 2020, at the 4608:August 4, 2020, at the 4422:Wesson, Robert (1978). 4246:. Macmillan Caribbean. 4219:Sakwa, Richard (2008). 4063:10.4324/9781351308809-6 3839:Fey, Laurel E. (2005). 855:Patriotícheskaya Pésnya 853:. The piece, known as " 829:Patrioticheskaya Pesnya 781:Kremlin Wall Necropolis 599:Post-1944 Soviet anthem 568:1917 October Revolution 359:Patrioticheskaya Pesnya 107:Patrioticheskaya Pesnya 94:December 30, 2000 89:December 25, 2000 8980:Russian Railway Troops 8965:Russian Naval Infantry 8960:Russian Naval Aviation 8902:Ribbon of Saint George 8663:Moscow military parade 8560:(1958–1965, 2003–2004) 6337:Bosnia and Herzegovina 6158:The Prayer of Russians 5519:Social security system 5502:Science and technology 5168:Classified information 4994:Central Russian Upland 4651:Russian Anthems museum 4312:. Limelight Editions. 3883:Frolova-Walker, Marina 3818:Condee, Nancy (1995). 3776:Bova, Russell (2003). 3734:Banerji, Arup (2008). 2662:Russia's State Symbols 2370:Keep & Litvin 2004 1945:on September 23, 2016. 1437:transcription as sung 1332: 1228: 1163: 1107: 1032: 985:Bosnia and Herzegovina 943:"Be glorious, Russia!" 879: 860:Патриоти́ческая пе́сня 744: 706:anthem of Transnistria 648:Life Has Become Better 619: 198: 162: 9044:Nakhimov Naval School 8927:Russian Ground Forces 8912:Military Band Service 8045:Former Russian Empire 6588:Constituent countries 6366:Der er et yndigt land 6188:Anthem of Free Russia 6178:Worker's Marseillaise 5980:Russian tsars regalia 5313:Intelligence agencies 5036:Great Russian Regions 4780:Expansion (1500-1800) 4632:July 9, 2019, at the 4615:Музыка парада 1945 г. 4603:Военные песни и Гимны 4304:Shostakovich, Dimitri 4004:10.1163/9789004635630 3944:Haynes, John (2003). 3682:Thomas, T. Pedersen. 2913:People's Daily Online 2847:on September 11, 2009 2821:. Government of Spain 1407:According to Russian 1330: 1233:Mstislav Rostropovich 1222: 1159:, resplendent with a 1146: 1091: 1008: 875: 742: 617: 531:Worker's Marseillaise 507:Bozhe, Tsarya khrani! 197: 161: 8945:Russian Space Forces 8605:United Arab Republic 8314:Democratic Kampuchea 8277:(1913-1915, 1921-28) 8153:(1918–21, 1990–2004) 7739:Tokushima Perfecture 7479:United Arab Emirates 6779:North Ossetia–Alania 6047:World Heritage sites 5424:Droughts and famines 4977:Environmental issues 4725:Proto-Indo-Europeans 4581:President of Russia 4240:Scoon, Paul (2003). 4130:. Penn State Press. 4085:(3): 121–142. 1997. 3842:Shostakovich: A Life 3711:on September 7, 2012 3453:Komsomolskaya Pravda 2623:Franklin et al. 2004 2539:. November 13, 1992. 2344:"Stalin's Best Tune" 1440:English translation 1430:Russian Romanization 1265:Konstantin Chernenko 1249:Novodevichy cemetery 1209:2002 Winter Olympics 1185:Great Kremlin Palace 715:, the leader of the 682:Song of the Red Army 624:Alexander Alexandrov 548:Rabochaya Marselyeza 536:Рабо́чая Марселье́за 495:Бо́же, Царя́ храни́! 353:, instead using the 314:, and new lyrics by 312:Alexander Alexandrov 79:Alexander Alexandrov 9134:Victory Day Parades 9115:Z (military symbol) 9105:Great Patriotic War 9095:Victory Day (9 May) 8878:and prominent parts 8876:Participating units 8671:Great Patriotic War 8493:Republic of Mahabad 7762:Federal Territories 7506:limited recognition 6749:Republic of Karelia 6744:Karachay–Cherkessia 5898:Forms of addressing 5507:Academy of Sciences 5464:Financial districts 5328:President of Russia 5253:Political divisions 5213:Freedom of assembly 5095:West Siberian Plain 4841:Great Patriotic War 4802:February Revolution 4505:on August 19, 2011. 4124:Kubik, Jan (1994). 3067:. December 31, 2000 2668:on February 4, 2009 2599:on February 3, 2009 2493:on January 27, 2013 2235:Nezavisimaya Gazeta 1359:President of Russia 1294:Kurskaya-Koltsevaya 1274:The Daily Telegraph 899:presidential decree 871:President of Russia 785:Soviet Constitution 765:Gabriel El-Registan 749:Great Patriotic War 723:'s 1892 overture, " 694:Long Live our State 670:Dmitri Shostakovich 527:February Revolution 320:Gabriel El-Registan 55:National anthem of 24: 8480:(1992–96, 2002—06) 7729:Fukuoka Perfecture 7058:Schleswig-Holstein 6734:Kabardino-Balkaria 6704:Arkhangelsk Oblast 6631:Crown Dependencies 6229:The Patriotic Song 6209:The Internationale 6192:(1917; unofficial) 6168:God Save the Tsar! 5948:Russian given name 5534:Telecommunications 5484:Petroleum industry 5348:State of emergency 5193:Far-right politics 5158:Capital punishment 5004:Meshchera Lowlands 4858:Russian Federation 4814:October Revolution 4553:on October 1, 2009 3740:. Berghahn Books. 3565:on October 1, 2010 3537:on August 17, 2011 3531:Rossiiskaya Gazeta 3222:, pp. 275–276 3065:The New York Times 3041:on August 10, 2011 2945:on August 25, 2009 2877:on August 25, 2009 2519:, pp. 198–199 2471:, pp. 162–163 2349:The New York Times 2332:, pp. 460–461 2286:on August 26, 2009 2160:, pp. 261–262 2104:, pp. 209–210 2065:, pp. 158–160 2053:, pp. 127–130 1422:Russian original ( 1363:Federation Council 1352:Anatoliy Serdyukov 1345:Victory Day parade 1333: 1229: 1180:Rossiyskaya Gazeta 1176:government gazette 1164: 1067:Federation Council 1043:ceremonies at the 1033: 948:Сла́вься, Росси́я! 745: 653:Жить Ста́ло Лу́чше 620: 572:The Internationale 490:God Save the Tsar! 395:Historical anthems 357:. The lyric-free " 324:The Internationale 199: 163: 18: 9140: 9139: 8941:Russian Air Force 8628: 8627: 8624: 8623: 8298:Republic of China 7984: 7983: 7734:Nagano Prefecture 7534:Republic of China 7194: 7193: 7169: 7168: 6251: 6250: 6244: 6234: 6224: 6214: 6204: 6193: 6183: 6173: 6163: 6153: 6143: 6088: 6087: 6055: 6054: 5635:Domestic violence 5567: 5566: 5489:Russian oligarchs 5414:Aircraft industry 5391: 5390: 5368:Mass surveillance 5358:Search and rescue 5323:Political parties 5203:Foreign relations 5135: 5134: 4934: 4933: 4926:Historical cities 4785:Tsardom of Russia 4477:978-0-691-12374-5 4446:Yakar le'Mordecai 4435:978-0-8179-6922-6 4414:978-1-4000-4272-2 4405:Antonina W. Bouis 4319:978-0-87910-998-1 4232:978-0-415-41528-6 4214:. Abradale Press. 4179:978-1-4000-7678-9 4137:978-0-271-01084-7 4116:978-0-7007-1613-5 4041:978-0-415-35109-6 3978:978-0-7656-1283-0 3917:978-0-300-10650-3 3873:978-0-300-08106-0 3852:978-0-19-518251-4 3810:978-0-7146-5050-0 3789:978-0-7656-0977-9 3768:978-1-85109-363-2 3747:978-81-87358-37-4 3426:Interfax-Religion 2693:Московской правде 2658:"National Anthem" 2537:Council of Europe 2256:on August 2, 2010 2250:"National Anthem" 1798:Russian phonology 1765: 1738: 1737: 1238:Mikhail Gorbachev 1215:Public perception 1144: 1006: 960:Slávsya, Rossíya! 957: 868: 825: 824: 777:Lenin's Mausoleum 721:Vasily Kalinnikov 674:Aram Khachaturian 662: 545: 504: 475:God Save the King 459: 441: 415: 406:Моли́тва ру́сских 272: 225: 189: 188: 159: 97: 92: 9215: 9198:European anthems 9193:National anthems 9188:Songs in Russian 9048:Aerobatic teams 9017:Police of Russia 8995:Kremlin Regiment 8870: 8655: 8648: 8641: 8632: 8631: 8617: 8609: 8601: 8593: 8585: 8577: 8569: 8561: 8553: 8545: 8537: 8529: 8521: 8513: 8505: 8497: 8489: 8481: 8473: 8465: 8457: 8449: 8430: 8422: 8414: 8406: 8402:Kingdom of Nepal 8398: 8390: 8382: 8374: 8366: 8358: 8350: 8342: 8334: 8326: 8318: 8310: 8302: 8294: 8286: 8278: 8270: 8262: 8254: 8246: 8227: 8219: 8211: 8203: 8195: 8187: 8179: 8170: 8162: 8154: 8146: 8138: 8130: 8122: 8114: 8106: 8098: 8090: 8086:Russian Republic 8082: 8074: 8066: 8058: 8042: 8041: 7675:North Kalimantan 7552: 7551: 7221: 7214: 7207: 7198: 7197: 6962:Republika Srpska 6789:Saint Petersburg 6714:Chechen Republic 6599:Northern Ireland 6573: 6572: 6278: 6271: 6264: 6255: 6254: 6242: 6232: 6222: 6212: 6202: 6191: 6181: 6171: 6161: 6151: 6141: 6122:National anthems 6115: 6108: 6101: 6092: 6091: 6068: 6015:Russian language 5958:National symbols 5578: 5577: 5497: 5454:Fishing industry 5444:Economic regions 5439:Defence industry 5402: 5401: 5146: 5145: 5100:Russian Far East 4999:Northwest Russia 4957:Cities and towns 4945: 4944: 4807:Russian Republic 4713: 4712: 4692: 4685: 4678: 4669: 4668: 4575: 4562: 4560: 4558: 4542: 4540: 4538: 4522: 4520: 4518: 4506: 4481: 4460: 4439: 4428:. Hoover Press. 4418: 4407:. Random House. 4390: 4369: 4348: 4323: 4299: 4278: 4257: 4236: 4215: 4204: 4183: 4172:. Random House. 4162: 4141: 4120: 4076: 4045: 4024: 4022: 4020: 3992:Soviet Civil Law 3982: 3971:. M. E. Sharpe. 3961: 3940: 3921: 3900: 3877: 3856: 3835: 3814: 3793: 3782:. M. E. Sharpe. 3772: 3751: 3721: 3720: 3718: 3716: 3707:. 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239: 233: 232: 231: 228: 210: 207: 200: 194: 181: 167: 164: 125: 93: 59: 54: 49: 12: 11: 5: 9221: 9211: 9210: 9205: 9200: 9195: 9190: 9185: 9180: 9175: 9170: 9165: 9160: 9155: 9138: 9137: 9132: 9130: 9126: 9125: 9123: 9122: 9117: 9112: 9107: 9102: 9097: 9092: 9086: 9084: 9080: 9079: 9077: 9076: 9075: 9074: 9069: 9064: 9059: 9054: 9046: 9041: 9036: 9031: 9026: 9021: 9020: 9019: 9009: 9008: 9007: 8997: 8992: 8990:Border Service 8987: 8982: 8977: 8972: 8967: 8962: 8957: 8952: 8934: 8929: 8924: 8919: 8914: 8909: 8904: 8899: 8894: 8892:Flag of Russia 8889: 8887:Victory Banner 8883: 8881: 8873: 8872: 8865: 8863: 8861: 8860: 8853: 8848: 8843: 8838: 8833: 8828: 8823: 8818: 8813: 8808: 8803: 8798: 8793: 8788: 8783: 8778: 8773: 8768: 8763: 8758: 8753: 8748: 8743: 8738: 8733: 8728: 8723: 8718: 8713: 8708: 8703: 8698: 8693: 8688: 8682: 8680: 8676: 8675: 8658: 8657: 8650: 8643: 8635: 8626: 8625: 8622: 8621: 8619: 8618: 8610: 8602: 8594: 8586: 8578: 8570: 8562: 8554: 8546: 8538: 8530: 8522: 8514: 8506: 8501:Ottoman Empire 8498: 8490: 8482: 8474: 8466: 8458: 8450: 8441: 8439: 8435: 8434: 8432: 8431: 8423: 8415: 8407: 8399: 8391: 8383: 8375: 8367: 8359: 8351: 8343: 8335: 8327: 8319: 8311: 8306:Khmer Republic 8303: 8295: 8287: 8279: 8271: 8263: 8255: 8247: 8238: 8236: 8232: 8231: 8229: 8228: 8220: 8212: 8204: 8196: 8188: 8180: 8171: 8163: 8155: 8147: 8139: 8134:Azerbaijan SSR 8131: 8123: 8115: 8107: 8099: 8091: 8083: 8078:Russian Empire 8075: 8070:Russian Empire 8067: 8062:Russian Empire 8059: 8054:Russian Empire 8050: 8048: 8039: 8035: 8034: 8032: 8031: 8025: 8023: 8019: 8018: 8016: 8015: 8010: 8005: 8000: 7998:East Turkestan 7994: 7992: 7986: 7985: 7982: 7981: 7979: 7978: 7976:Karakalpakstan 7972: 7970: 7966: 7965: 7963: 7962: 7957: 7952: 7950:Sakha Republic 7947: 7942: 7937: 7935:Kamchatka Krai 7932: 7927: 7922: 7920:Altai Republic 7916: 7914: 7910: 7909: 7907: 7906: 7901: 7896: 7891: 7886: 7881: 7876: 7871: 7866: 7861: 7855: 7853: 7849: 7848: 7846: 7845: 7839: 7837: 7833: 7832: 7830: 7829: 7824: 7819: 7814: 7809: 7804: 7799: 7794: 7789: 7784: 7779: 7774: 7769: 7764: 7758: 7756: 7750: 7749: 7747: 7746: 7741: 7736: 7731: 7725: 7723: 7717: 7716: 7714: 7713: 7707: 7705: 7701: 7700: 7698: 7697: 7692: 7687: 7685:South Sulawesi 7682: 7677: 7672: 7667: 7662: 7657: 7652: 7646: 7644: 7640: 7639: 7637: 7636: 7631: 7626: 7621: 7616: 7611: 7606: 7601: 7596: 7594:Madhya Pradesh 7591: 7586: 7581: 7576: 7571: 7566: 7564:Andhra Pradesh 7560: 7558: 7549: 7545: 7544: 7542: 7541: 7531: 7526: 7521: 7516: 7510: 7508: 7500: 7499: 7497: 7496: 7491: 7486: 7481: 7476: 7471: 7466: 7461: 7456: 7451: 7446: 7441: 7436: 7431: 7426: 7421: 7416: 7411: 7406: 7401: 7396: 7391: 7386: 7381: 7376: 7371: 7366: 7361: 7356: 7351: 7346: 7341: 7336: 7331: 7326: 7321: 7316: 7311: 7306: 7301: 7296: 7282: 7277: 7272: 7267: 7262: 7257: 7252: 7247: 7241: 7239: 7233: 7232: 7224: 7223: 7216: 7209: 7201: 7192: 7191: 7189: 7188: 7183: 7177: 7175: 7171: 7170: 7167: 7166: 7164: 7163: 7160:Canton of Bern 7157: 7151: 7145: 7139: 7133: 7127: 7121: 7115: 7109: 7103: 7097: 7091: 7085: 7079: 7073: 7067: 7061: 7055: 7049: 7043: 7037: 7031: 7025: 7019: 7013: 7007: 7001: 6995: 6989: 6983: 6977: 6971: 6965: 6959: 6953: 6947: 6940: 6938: 6934: 6933: 6931: 6930: 6925: 6920: 6915: 6910: 6905: 6900: 6895: 6889: 6887: 6883: 6882: 6880: 6879: 6874: 6869: 6864: 6859: 6854: 6849: 6847:Basque Country 6844: 6842:Canary Islands 6839: 6834: 6829: 6824: 6818: 6816: 6810: 6809: 6807: 6806: 6801: 6796: 6791: 6786: 6781: 6776: 6771: 6766: 6761: 6756: 6751: 6746: 6741: 6736: 6731: 6726: 6721: 6716: 6711: 6706: 6701: 6695: 6693: 6689: 6688: 6686: 6685: 6684: 6683: 6678: 6673: 6668: 6663: 6651: 6650: 6649: 6644: 6639: 6627: 6626: 6625: 6613: 6612: 6611: 6606: 6601: 6596: 6583: 6581: 6570: 6562: 6561: 6559: 6558: 6553: 6551:United Kingdom 6548: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6523: 6518: 6513: 6508: 6503: 6498: 6493: 6488: 6483: 6478: 6473: 6468: 6463: 6458: 6453: 6448: 6443: 6438: 6433: 6428: 6423: 6418: 6413: 6408: 6403: 6398: 6393: 6388: 6383: 6378: 6373: 6359: 6357:Czech Republic 6354: 6349: 6344: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6324: 6319: 6314: 6309: 6304: 6298: 6296: 6290: 6289: 6281: 6280: 6273: 6266: 6258: 6249: 6248: 6246: 6245: 6243:(2000–present) 6235: 6225: 6215: 6205: 6194: 6184: 6174: 6164: 6154: 6144: 6133: 6130: 6129: 6118: 6117: 6110: 6103: 6095: 6086: 6085: 6083: 6082: 6077: 6070: 6069: 6061: 6060: 6057: 6056: 6053: 6052: 6050: 6049: 6044: 6043: 6042: 6032: 6027: 6022: 6017: 6012: 6007: 6002: 5997: 5992: 5987: 5982: 5977: 5976: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5940: 5935: 5930: 5925: 5920: 5915: 5910: 5905: 5900: 5895: 5890: 5885: 5880: 5875: 5870: 5865: 5864: 5863: 5853: 5848: 5843: 5838: 5833: 5828: 5822: 5820: 5814: 5813: 5811: 5810: 5809: 5808: 5798: 5793: 5788: 5783: 5778: 5773: 5768: 5763: 5758: 5753: 5748: 5743: 5738: 5733: 5728: 5723: 5722: 5721: 5716: 5706: 5705: 5704: 5694: 5693: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5581: 5575: 5569: 5568: 5565: 5564: 5562: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5524:Space industry 5521: 5516: 5511: 5510: 5509: 5499: 5491: 5486: 5481: 5476: 5471: 5466: 5461: 5456: 5451: 5446: 5441: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5421: 5416: 5411: 5405: 5399: 5393: 5392: 5389: 5388: 5386: 5385: 5380: 5375: 5370: 5365: 5363:Urban planning 5360: 5355: 5350: 5345: 5340: 5335: 5330: 5325: 5320: 5315: 5310: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5290: 5285: 5280: 5275: 5270: 5265: 5260: 5255: 5250: 5245: 5235: 5230: 5225: 5215: 5210: 5200: 5198:Federal budget 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5170: 5165: 5160: 5155: 5149: 5143: 5137: 5136: 5133: 5132: 5130: 5129: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5109: 5107:North Caucasus 5104: 5103: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5082: 5081: 5080: 5075: 5070: 5060: 5059: 5058: 5048: 5043: 5041:Highest points 5038: 5033: 5028: 5023: 5018: 5017: 5016: 5011: 5006: 5001: 4996: 4986: 4984:Extreme points 4981: 4980: 4979: 4969: 4964: 4959: 4954: 4948: 4942: 4936: 4935: 4932: 4931: 4929: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4903: 4898: 4893: 4888: 4883: 4877: 4875: 4871: 4870: 4868: 4867: 4866: 4865: 4855: 4854: 4853: 4848: 4843: 4833: 4832: 4831: 4826: 4816: 4811: 4810: 4809: 4799: 4797:Russian Empire 4794: 4793: 4792: 4782: 4777: 4776: 4775: 4770: 4765: 4757: 4752: 4747: 4742: 4737: 4732: 4727: 4721: 4719: 4710: 4704: 4703: 4701: articles 4695: 4694: 4687: 4680: 4672: 4666: 4665: 4660: 4654: 4648: 4636: 4624: 4612: 4600: 4595: 4590: 4585: 4579: 4569: 4568:External links 4566: 4564: 4563: 4543: 4523: 4507: 4490: 4483: 4482: 4476: 4461: 4455: 4440: 4434: 4425:Lenin's Legacy 4419: 4413: 4391: 4385: 4370: 4364: 4349: 4343: 4324: 4318: 4300: 4294: 4285:Putin's Russia 4279: 4273: 4258: 4252: 4237: 4231: 4216: 4205: 4199: 4184: 4178: 4163: 4157: 4151:. Lit Verlag. 4142: 4136: 4121: 4115: 4100: 4071: 4046: 4040: 4025: 4012: 3983: 3977: 3962: 3956: 3947:New Soviet Man 3941: 3935: 3922: 3916: 3901: 3895: 3878: 3872: 3857: 3851: 3836: 3830: 3815: 3809: 3794: 3788: 3773: 3767: 3752: 3746: 3730: 3723: 3722: 3692: 3674: 3648: 3623: 3621:, pp. 144 3619:Shevtsova 2005 3611: 3600: 3576: 3548: 3518: 3505:People's Daily 3492: 3480:State Insignia 3467: 3439: 3410: 3377: 3344: 3310: 3279: 3267: 3255: 3224: 3209: 3179: 3177:, pp. 195 3167: 3165:, pp. 158 3155: 3143: 3107: 3078: 3052: 3026: 2995: 2993:, pp. 152 2983: 2956: 2926: 2900: 2898:, pp. 123 2896:Shevtsova 2005 2888: 2858: 2832: 2806: 2776: 2774:, pp. 118 2764: 2762:, pp. 170 2752: 2722: 2720:, pp. 131 2710: 2679: 2644: 2642:, pp. 224 2627: 2625:, pp. 116 2610: 2580: 2554: 2543: 2521: 2504: 2473: 2461: 2459:, pp. 331 2446: 2444:, pp. 265 2434: 2432:, pp. 412 2422: 2420:, pp. 150 2405: 2374: 2362: 2334: 2322: 2297: 2267: 2241: 2224: 2222:, pp. 690 2212: 2186: 2174: 2162: 2145: 2143:, pp. 139 2130: 2118: 2106: 2094: 2079: 2067: 2055: 2043: 2041:, pp. 157 2031: 2029:, pp. 138 2019: 1988: 1948: 1923: 1905: 1870: 1844: 1833: 1816: 1809: 1806: 1803: 1802: 1781: 1745: 1744: 1742: 1739: 1736: 1735: 1661: 1659: 1605: 1603: 1525: 1523: 1445: 1442: 1441: 1438: 1432: 1427: 1416: 1413: 1371:New Year's Eve 1324: 1321: 1253:Alexei Kosygin 1216: 1213: 1104:Kremlin source 1101: 1060:1998 World Cup 1053:Spartak Moscow 1037:Vladimir Putin 1029:Vladimir Putin 1026:Prime Minister 992: 989: 945:(Russian: 934: 931: 851:Mikhail Glinka 839:Supreme Soviet 827:Main article: 823: 822: 805: 804: 800: 799: 792: 789: 736: 733: 611: 608: 603:Main article: 600: 597: 576:Eugène Pottier 396: 393: 386:Vladimir Putin 363:Mikhail Glinka 282: 276: 240: 235: 234: 229: 208: 203: 202: 201: 192: 191: 190: 187: 186: 183: 182: 180: 179: 174: 168: 165: 123: 120: 119: 115: 114: 111: 110: 103: 99: 98: 87: 83: 82: 76: 72: 71: 65: 61: 60: 51: 50: 47: 39: 38: 30: 29: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9220: 9209: 9206: 9204: 9203:Neo-Sovietism 9201: 9199: 9196: 9194: 9191: 9189: 9186: 9184: 9181: 9179: 9178:Russian songs 9176: 9174: 9171: 9169: 9166: 9164: 9161: 9159: 9156: 9154: 9153:Asian anthems 9151: 9150: 9148: 9135: 9131: 9127: 9121: 9118: 9116: 9113: 9111: 9108: 9106: 9103: 9101: 9100:Eastern Front 9098: 9096: 9093: 9091: 9088: 9087: 9085: 9081: 9073: 9070: 9068: 9065: 9063: 9062:Crimean Wings 9060: 9058: 9055: 9053: 9050: 9049: 9047: 9045: 9042: 9040: 9037: 9035: 9032: 9030: 9027: 9025: 9022: 9018: 9015: 9014: 9013: 9010: 9006: 9003: 9002: 9001: 8998: 8996: 8993: 8991: 8988: 8986: 8983: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8973: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8961: 8958: 8956: 8953: 8950: 8946: 8942: 8938: 8935: 8933: 8930: 8928: 8925: 8923: 8920: 8918: 8915: 8913: 8910: 8908: 8905: 8903: 8900: 8898: 8895: 8893: 8890: 8888: 8885: 8884: 8882: 8880:of the parade 8874: 8869: 8859: 8858: 8854: 8852: 8849: 8847: 8844: 8842: 8839: 8837: 8834: 8832: 8829: 8827: 8824: 8822: 8819: 8817: 8814: 8812: 8809: 8807: 8804: 8802: 8799: 8797: 8794: 8792: 8789: 8787: 8784: 8782: 8779: 8777: 8774: 8772: 8769: 8767: 8764: 8762: 8759: 8757: 8754: 8752: 8749: 8747: 8744: 8742: 8739: 8737: 8734: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8699: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8687: 8684: 8683: 8681: 8677: 8672: 8668: 8664: 8656: 8651: 8649: 8644: 8642: 8637: 8636: 8633: 8614: 8611: 8606: 8603: 8598: 8595: 8590: 8587: 8582: 8579: 8574: 8571: 8566: 8563: 8558: 8555: 8550: 8547: 8542: 8539: 8534: 8531: 8526: 8523: 8518: 8515: 8510: 8507: 8502: 8499: 8494: 8491: 8486: 8483: 8478: 8475: 8470: 8467: 8462: 8459: 8454: 8451: 8446: 8443: 8442: 8440: 8438:Islamic world 8436: 8427: 8424: 8419: 8418:South Vietnam 8416: 8411: 8408: 8403: 8400: 8395: 8392: 8387: 8384: 8379: 8376: 8371: 8368: 8363: 8360: 8355: 8352: 8347: 8344: 8339: 8336: 8331: 8328: 8323: 8320: 8315: 8312: 8307: 8304: 8299: 8296: 8291: 8288: 8283: 8280: 8275: 8272: 8267: 8264: 8259: 8256: 8251: 8248: 8243: 8240: 8239: 8237: 8233: 8224: 8221: 8216: 8213: 8208: 8205: 8200: 8197: 8192: 8189: 8184: 8181: 8175: 8172: 8167: 8164: 8159: 8156: 8151: 8148: 8143: 8140: 8135: 8132: 8127: 8124: 8119: 8116: 8111: 8108: 8103: 8100: 8095: 8094:Russian State 8092: 8087: 8084: 8079: 8076: 8071: 8068: 8063: 8060: 8055: 8052: 8051: 8049: 8043: 8040: 8036: 8030: 8027: 8026: 8024: 8022:Organisations 8020: 8014: 8011: 8009: 8006: 8004: 8001: 7999: 7996: 7995: 7993: 7987: 7977: 7974: 7973: 7971: 7967: 7961: 7958: 7956: 7953: 7951: 7948: 7946: 7943: 7941: 7938: 7936: 7933: 7931: 7928: 7926: 7923: 7921: 7918: 7917: 7915: 7911: 7905: 7902: 7900: 7897: 7895: 7892: 7890: 7889:Nueva Vizcaya 7887: 7885: 7882: 7880: 7877: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7862: 7860: 7857: 7856: 7854: 7850: 7844: 7841: 7840: 7838: 7834: 7828: 7825: 7823: 7820: 7818: 7815: 7813: 7810: 7808: 7805: 7803: 7800: 7798: 7795: 7793: 7790: 7788: 7785: 7783: 7780: 7778: 7775: 7773: 7770: 7768: 7765: 7763: 7760: 7759: 7757: 7755: 7751: 7745: 7742: 7740: 7737: 7735: 7732: 7730: 7727: 7726: 7724: 7722: 7718: 7712: 7709: 7708: 7706: 7702: 7696: 7693: 7691: 7688: 7686: 7683: 7681: 7678: 7676: 7673: 7671: 7668: 7666: 7663: 7661: 7658: 7656: 7653: 7651: 7648: 7647: 7645: 7641: 7635: 7632: 7630: 7627: 7625: 7622: 7620: 7617: 7615: 7612: 7610: 7607: 7605: 7602: 7600: 7597: 7595: 7592: 7590: 7587: 7585: 7582: 7580: 7577: 7575: 7572: 7570: 7567: 7565: 7562: 7561: 7559: 7557: 7553: 7550: 7546: 7539: 7535: 7532: 7530: 7529:South Ossetia 7527: 7525: 7522: 7520: 7517: 7515: 7512: 7511: 7509: 7507: 7501: 7495: 7492: 7490: 7487: 7485: 7482: 7480: 7477: 7475: 7472: 7470: 7467: 7465: 7462: 7460: 7457: 7455: 7452: 7450: 7447: 7445: 7442: 7440: 7437: 7435: 7432: 7430: 7427: 7425: 7422: 7420: 7417: 7415: 7412: 7410: 7407: 7405: 7402: 7400: 7397: 7395: 7392: 7390: 7387: 7385: 7382: 7380: 7377: 7375: 7372: 7370: 7367: 7365: 7362: 7360: 7357: 7355: 7352: 7350: 7347: 7345: 7342: 7340: 7337: 7335: 7332: 7330: 7327: 7325: 7322: 7320: 7317: 7315: 7312: 7310: 7307: 7305: 7302: 7300: 7297: 7294: 7290: 7286: 7283: 7281: 7278: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7263: 7261: 7258: 7256: 7253: 7251: 7248: 7246: 7243: 7242: 7240: 7238: 7234: 7229: 7222: 7217: 7215: 7210: 7208: 7203: 7202: 7199: 7187: 7184: 7182: 7179: 7178: 7176: 7172: 7162:(Switzerland) 7161: 7158: 7155: 7152: 7149: 7146: 7143: 7140: 7137: 7134: 7131: 7128: 7126:(Netherlands) 7125: 7122: 7120:(Netherlands) 7119: 7116: 7114:(Netherlands) 7113: 7110: 7108:(Netherlands) 7107: 7104: 7102:(Netherlands) 7101: 7098: 7096:(Netherlands) 7095: 7092: 7089: 7086: 7083: 7080: 7077: 7074: 7071: 7068: 7065: 7062: 7059: 7056: 7053: 7050: 7047: 7044: 7041: 7038: 7035: 7032: 7029: 7026: 7023: 7020: 7017: 7014: 7011: 7010:Île-de-France 7008: 7005: 7002: 6999: 6996: 6993: 6990: 6987: 6984: 6981: 6978: 6975: 6974:Faroe Islands 6972: 6969: 6966: 6963: 6960: 6957: 6954: 6951: 6948: 6945: 6942: 6941: 6939: 6935: 6929: 6926: 6924: 6921: 6919: 6916: 6914: 6911: 6909: 6906: 6904: 6903:South Ossetia 6901: 6899: 6896: 6894: 6891: 6890: 6888: 6884: 6878: 6875: 6873: 6870: 6868: 6865: 6863: 6860: 6858: 6855: 6853: 6850: 6848: 6845: 6843: 6840: 6838: 6835: 6833: 6830: 6828: 6825: 6823: 6820: 6819: 6817: 6815: 6811: 6805: 6802: 6800: 6799:Tambov Oblast 6797: 6795: 6792: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6784:Rostov Oblast 6782: 6780: 6777: 6775: 6772: 6770: 6767: 6765: 6762: 6760: 6757: 6755: 6754:Komi Republic 6752: 6750: 6747: 6745: 6742: 6740: 6737: 6735: 6732: 6730: 6727: 6725: 6722: 6720: 6717: 6715: 6712: 6710: 6709:Bashkortostan 6707: 6705: 6702: 6700: 6697: 6696: 6694: 6690: 6682: 6679: 6677: 6674: 6672: 6669: 6667: 6664: 6662: 6659: 6658: 6657: 6656: 6652: 6648: 6645: 6643: 6640: 6638: 6635: 6634: 6633: 6632: 6628: 6624: 6621: 6620: 6619: 6618: 6614: 6610: 6607: 6605: 6602: 6600: 6597: 6595: 6592: 6591: 6590: 6589: 6585: 6584: 6582: 6580: 6574: 6571: 6567:dependencies, 6563: 6557: 6554: 6552: 6549: 6547: 6544: 6542: 6539: 6537: 6534: 6532: 6529: 6527: 6524: 6522: 6519: 6517: 6514: 6512: 6509: 6507: 6504: 6502: 6499: 6497: 6494: 6492: 6489: 6487: 6484: 6482: 6479: 6477: 6474: 6472: 6469: 6467: 6464: 6462: 6459: 6457: 6454: 6452: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6436:Liechtenstein 6434: 6432: 6429: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6417: 6414: 6412: 6409: 6407: 6404: 6402: 6399: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6387: 6384: 6382: 6379: 6377: 6374: 6371: 6367: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6355: 6353: 6350: 6348: 6345: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6315: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6305: 6303: 6300: 6299: 6297: 6295: 6291: 6286: 6279: 6274: 6272: 6267: 6265: 6260: 6259: 6256: 6240: 6236: 6230: 6226: 6220: 6216: 6210: 6206: 6200: 6195: 6189: 6185: 6179: 6175: 6169: 6165: 6159: 6155: 6149: 6145: 6139: 6135: 6134: 6131: 6127: 6123: 6116: 6111: 6109: 6104: 6102: 6097: 6096: 6093: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6072: 6067: 6063: 6062: 6058: 6048: 6045: 6041: 6038: 6037: 6036: 6033: 6031: 6030:Seven Wonders 6028: 6026: 6023: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5998: 5996: 5995:Playing cards 5993: 5991: 5988: 5986: 5983: 5981: 5978: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5960: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5899: 5896: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5876: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5866: 5862: 5859: 5858: 5857: 5854: 5852: 5849: 5847: 5844: 5842: 5839: 5837: 5834: 5832: 5829: 5827: 5824: 5823: 5821: 5819: 5815: 5807: 5804: 5803: 5802: 5799: 5797: 5794: 5792: 5789: 5787: 5784: 5782: 5779: 5777: 5774: 5772: 5769: 5767: 5764: 5762: 5759: 5757: 5754: 5752: 5749: 5747: 5744: 5742: 5739: 5737: 5734: 5732: 5729: 5727: 5724: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5712: 5711: 5710: 5707: 5703: 5700: 5699: 5698: 5695: 5691: 5690:Mental health 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5677: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5650:Ethnic groups 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5582: 5579: 5576: 5574: 5570: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5508: 5505: 5504: 5503: 5500: 5498: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5410: 5407: 5406: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5394: 5384: 5381: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5371: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5361: 5359: 5356: 5354: 5353:Civil defense 5351: 5349: 5346: 5344: 5341: 5339: 5336: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5326: 5324: 5321: 5319: 5316: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5298:Media freedom 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5284: 5281: 5279: 5276: 5274: 5271: 5269: 5266: 5264: 5261: 5259: 5256: 5254: 5251: 5249: 5246: 5243: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5231: 5229: 5226: 5223: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5211: 5208: 5204: 5201: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5183:Criminal code 5181: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5166: 5164: 5163:Civil Service 5161: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5150: 5147: 5144: 5142: 5138: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5087: 5086: 5083: 5079: 5076: 5074: 5071: 5069: 5066: 5065: 5064: 5061: 5057: 5054: 5053: 5052: 5049: 5047: 5044: 5042: 5039: 5037: 5034: 5032: 5029: 5027: 5024: 5022: 5019: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4991: 4990: 4987: 4985: 4982: 4978: 4975: 4974: 4973: 4970: 4968: 4965: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4949: 4946: 4943: 4941: 4937: 4927: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4914: 4912: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4897: 4894: 4892: 4889: 4887: 4884: 4882: 4879: 4878: 4876: 4872: 4864: 4861: 4860: 4859: 4856: 4852: 4849: 4847: 4844: 4842: 4839: 4838: 4837: 4834: 4830: 4827: 4825: 4824:Russian state 4822: 4821: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4812: 4808: 4805: 4804: 4803: 4800: 4798: 4795: 4791: 4788: 4787: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4760: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4736: 4733: 4731: 4728: 4726: 4723: 4722: 4720: 4718: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4705: 4700: 4693: 4688: 4686: 4681: 4679: 4674: 4673: 4670: 4664: 4661: 4658: 4655: 4652: 4649: 4647: 4643: 4640: 4637: 4635: 4631: 4628: 4625: 4623: 4619: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4607: 4604: 4601: 4599: 4596: 4594: 4591: 4589: 4586: 4584: 4580: 4578: 4572: 4571: 4552: 4548: 4544: 4532: 4528: 4524: 4512: 4508: 4504: 4500: 4496: 4492: 4491: 4489: 4488: 4479: 4473: 4469: 4468: 4462: 4458: 4456:0-88125-632-3 4452: 4448: 4447: 4441: 4437: 4431: 4427: 4426: 4420: 4416: 4410: 4406: 4402: 4401: 4396: 4392: 4388: 4386:0-7890-0099-7 4382: 4379:. Routledge. 4378: 4377: 4371: 4367: 4365:0-19-505537-3 4361: 4357: 4356: 4350: 4346: 4344:5-373-00604-1 4340: 4336: 4332: 4325: 4321: 4315: 4311: 4310: 4305: 4301: 4297: 4295:0-87003-213-5 4291: 4287: 4286: 4280: 4276: 4274:0-674-02108-8 4270: 4266: 4265: 4259: 4255: 4253:0-333-97064-0 4249: 4245: 4244: 4238: 4234: 4228: 4225:. Routledge. 4224: 4223: 4217: 4213: 4212: 4206: 4202: 4200:0-312-29337-2 4196: 4192: 4191: 4185: 4181: 4175: 4171: 4170: 4164: 4160: 4158:3-8258-4449-8 4154: 4150: 4149: 4143: 4139: 4133: 4129: 4128: 4122: 4118: 4112: 4109:. Routledge. 4108: 4107: 4101: 4099: 4095: 4092: 4088: 4084: 4080: 4074: 4072:0-7658-0465-4 4068: 4064: 4060: 4056: 4052: 4047: 4043: 4037: 4034:. Routledge. 4033: 4032: 4026: 4015: 4013:90-247-3676-5 4009: 4005: 4001: 3998:(36). BRILL. 3997: 3993: 3989: 3984: 3980: 3974: 3970: 3969: 3963: 3959: 3957:0-7190-6238-1 3953: 3949: 3948: 3942: 3938: 3936:5-353-01286-0 3932: 3928: 3923: 3919: 3913: 3909: 3908: 3902: 3898: 3896:0-521-83926-2 3892: 3888: 3884: 3879: 3875: 3869: 3865: 3864: 3858: 3854: 3848: 3844: 3843: 3837: 3833: 3831:0-253-31402-X 3827: 3823: 3822: 3816: 3812: 3806: 3803:. Routledge. 3802: 3801: 3795: 3791: 3785: 3781: 3780: 3774: 3770: 3764: 3760: 3759: 3753: 3749: 3743: 3739: 3738: 3732: 3731: 3729: 3728: 3710: 3706: 3702: 3696: 3685: 3678: 3662: 3658: 3652: 3637: 3633: 3627: 3620: 3615: 3609: 3604: 3588: 3580: 3564: 3560: 3552: 3536: 3532: 3528: 3522: 3506: 3502: 3496: 3481: 3477: 3471: 3455: 3454: 3449: 3443: 3427: 3423: 3417: 3415: 3398: 3394: 3389: 3381: 3365: 3361: 3356: 3348: 3332: 3328: 3327:Time Magazine 3324: 3320: 3314: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3283: 3277:, pp. 77 3276: 3271: 3265:, pp. 44 3264: 3259: 3243: 3239: 3235: 3228: 3221: 3216: 3214: 3205: 3201: 3197: 3193: 3189: 3183: 3176: 3171: 3164: 3159: 3153:, pp. 24 3152: 3147: 3131: 3127: 3122: 3114: 3112: 3095: 3091: 3085: 3083: 3066: 3062: 3056: 3040: 3036: 3030: 3014: 3010: 3002: 3000: 2992: 2987: 2971: 2967: 2960: 2944: 2940: 2936: 2930: 2914: 2910: 2904: 2897: 2892: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2862: 2846: 2842: 2836: 2820: 2816: 2810: 2794: 2790: 2786: 2780: 2773: 2768: 2761: 2756: 2740: 2736: 2729: 2727: 2719: 2718:Khazanov 1998 2714: 2698: 2694: 2690: 2683: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2653: 2651: 2649: 2641: 2636: 2634: 2632: 2624: 2619: 2617: 2615: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2584: 2568: 2564: 2558: 2552: 2547: 2538: 2531: 2525: 2518: 2513: 2511: 2509: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2477: 2470: 2469:Kuhlmann 2003 2465: 2458: 2453: 2451: 2443: 2438: 2431: 2430:Brackman 2000 2426: 2419: 2414: 2412: 2410: 2393: 2389: 2385: 2378: 2371: 2366: 2351: 2350: 2345: 2338: 2331: 2326: 2310: 2301: 2285: 2281: 2277: 2271: 2255: 2251: 2245: 2238:(in Russian). 2237: 2236: 2228: 2221: 2216: 2200: 2196: 2190: 2184:, pp. 48 2183: 2178: 2172:, pp. 70 2171: 2166: 2159: 2154: 2152: 2150: 2142: 2137: 2135: 2128:, pp. 34 2127: 2122: 2115: 2110: 2103: 2102:Gasparov 2005 2098: 2092:, pp. 87 2091: 2086: 2084: 2077:, pp. 75 2076: 2075:Studwell 1996 2071: 2064: 2059: 2052: 2047: 2040: 2035: 2028: 2023: 2007: 2003: 1997: 1995: 1993: 1984: 1978: 1967:September 30, 1962: 1958: 1952: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1930: 1928: 1919: 1915: 1909: 1901: 1895: 1887: 1883: 1877: 1875: 1858: 1854: 1848: 1842: 1837: 1831: 1826: 1824: 1822: 1817: 1815: 1814: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1785: 1778: 1769: 1763: 1753:Russian: 1750: 1746: 1733: 1731: 1730: 1715: 1709: 1708: 1693: 1679: 1665: 1660: 1657: 1654: 1645: 1639: 1630: 1620: 1610: 1604: 1601: 1597: 1596: 1581: 1575: 1574: 1559: 1545: 1531: 1524: 1521: 1516: 1501: 1494: 1479: 1465: 1451: 1444: 1443: 1439: 1436: 1433: 1431: 1428: 1425: 1421: 1420: 1412: 1410: 1409:copyright law 1405: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1382: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1355: 1353: 1350: 1346: 1341: 1339: 1329: 1320: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1301: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1286: 1283: 1278: 1276: 1275: 1271:, writing in 1270: 1266: 1262: 1261:Yuri Andropov 1258: 1254: 1250: 1245: 1243: 1239: 1234: 1226: 1221: 1212: 1210: 1205: 1201: 1196: 1194: 1188: 1186: 1182: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1162: 1161:21 gun salute 1158: 1154: 1150: 1100: 1090: 1087: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1063: 1061: 1057: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1030: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1016: 1012: 988: 986: 982: 978: 974: 970: 966: 961: 955: 944: 939: 930: 928: 927:supermajority 924: 920: 915: 913: 909: 905: 900: 896: 892: 888: 884: 878: 874: 872: 867: 856: 852: 848: 847:Boris Yeltsin 844: 840: 836: 830: 821: 817: 806: 801: 796: 788: 786: 782: 778: 774: 769: 766: 762: 758: 754: 750: 741: 732: 730: 726: 722: 718: 717:Unity faction 714: 713:Boris Gryzlov 709: 707: 699: 695: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 671: 666: 660: 649: 643: 641: 640:Joseph Stalin 637: 633: 629: 625: 616: 606: 596: 594: 590: 589:Soviet Russia 585: 581: 577: 573: 569: 564: 562: 558: 554: 549: 543: 532: 528: 523: 521: 517: 513: 508: 502: 491: 487: 482: 480: 476: 472: 468: 463: 457: 445: 439: 428: 424: 419: 413: 402: 392: 389: 387: 382: 380: 379:Boris Yeltsin 376: 372: 368: 364: 360: 356: 352: 348: 344: 339: 337: 336:Joseph Stalin 333: 329: 325: 321: 317: 313: 309: 305: 301: 297: 290: 288: 238: 206: 184: 178: 175: 173: 170: 169: 121: 116: 112: 108: 104: 100: 88: 84: 80: 77: 73: 69: 66: 62: 58: 52: 45: 40: 31: 26: 16: 8932:Russian Navy 8896: 8855: 8592:(until 1996) 8142:Georgian SSR 8126:Armenian SSR 8110:Soviet Union 8102:Russian SFSR 7843:Azad Kashmir 7579:Chhattisgarh 7474:Turkmenistan 7439:Saudi Arabia 7433: 7142:Székely Land 7070:Aosta Valley 6913:Transnistria 6666:Lincolnshire 6653: 6629: 6615: 6586: 6565:Territories, 6556:Vatican City 6500: 6238: 5968:Coat of arms 5962: 5928:Martial arts 5836:Army culture 5826:Architecture 5796:Witch trials 5751:Prostitution 5697:Human rights 5630:Demographics 5544:Trade unions 5514:Shipbuilding 5474:Homelessness 5434:Central Bank 5429:Car industry 5268:Conservatism 5178:Constitution 5173:Conscription 4846:Eastern Bloc 4836:Soviet Union 4829:Russian SFSR 4759:Feudal Rus' 4574:(in Russian) 4557:December 20, 4555:. 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The poets 746: 710: 681: 678:Iona Tuskiya 644: 621: 565: 553:Pyotr Lavrov 524: 483: 450:Коль сла́вен 398: 390: 383: 347:Soviet Union 343:Russian SFSR 340: 328:World War II 295: 293: 284: 118:Audio sample 15: 9110:Pobedobesie 8667:Victory Day 8616:(1978–1990) 8613:North Yemen 8576:(1981–2003) 8512:(1873–1909) 8485:Afghanistan 8477:Afghanistan 8469:Afghanistan 8461:Afghanistan 8453:Afghanistan 8445:Afghanistan 8405:(1962–2006) 8370:Philippines 8293:(1927-1949) 8285:(1915-1921) 8269:(1911-1912) 8261:(1911-1912) 8253:(1906-1911) 8245:(1896-1906) 8226:(1944–2011) 8199:Turkmen SSR 8183:Kirghiz SSR 8169:(1991–2006) 8121:(1991–2000) 8081:(1833–1917) 8065:(1798–1816) 8003:Tamil Eelam 7852:Philippines 7634:West Bengal 7629:Uttarakhand 7599:Maharashtra 7504:States with 7424:Philippines 7364:South Korea 7359:North Korea 7287:(including 7245:Afghanistan 6832:Aran Valley 6769:Moscow City 6642:Isle of Man 6569:other areas 6536:Switzerland 6471:Netherlands 6233:(1991–2000) 6223:(1944–1991) 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