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1988:
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2607:, and more) many effigy figures were discovered and portrayed several zoomorphic forms, such as fish, whales, frogs, and birds. As a result from analyzing these effigy figurines in these studies, several strong conclusions were drawn that provided context to the Native Americans of California, such as social attributes between the Chumash and other tribes, economical significance, and possibly used in rituals. Some effigy figurines were found in burials, and others were found in relation to having similar stylistic features with dates that suggest social interactional spheres in the MIddle and Late Holocene between tribes.
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8481:
8384:(IACA), which makes it "illegal to offer or display for sale, or sell, any art or craft product in a manner that falsely suggests it is Indian produced, an Indian product, or the product of a particular Indian or Indian tribe or Indian arts and crafts organization, resident within the United States." The penalties for the violation of IACA can include fines up to $ 250,000 and/or sentences up to five years in prison.
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response to her work. She has created performances to call attention to violence against and many unsolved murders of First
Nations women. Both Belmore and Luna create elaborate, often outlandish outfits and props for their performances and move through a range of characters. For instance, a repeating character of Luna's is Uncle Jimmy, a disabled veteran who criticizes greed and apathy on his reservation.
6781:
1802:. Many objects excavated at Poverty Point sites were made of materials that originated in distant places, including chipped stone projectile points and tools, ground stone plummets, gorgets and vessels, and shell and stone beads. Stone tools found at Poverty Point were made from raw materials which originated in the relatively nearby Ouachita and Ozark Mountains and from the much further away
3823:
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6820:. Basket weaver Kelly Church has organized two conferences about the threat and teaches children how to harvest black ash seeds. Many native plants that basket weavers use are endangered. Rivercane only grows in 2% of its original territory. Cherokee basket weaver and ethnobotanist, Shawna Cain is working with her tribe to form the Cherokee Nation Native Plant Society.
7323:, explores her mixed-race identity and conflicts about the ideas of home through her performance art. In her words, "In order to sustain a genuine self, I create a world in which I shift to become one or all of my multiple visions of self." She has suntanned phrases into her skin, donned cross-cultural and cross-gender disguises, and incorporated songs, ranging from
4756:
2611:
4269:
8443:, both of which trained spotlights specifically upon Native American arts, enabled a great number of Native artists to display and develop their work. For five months starting in October 2017, three Native American works of art selected from the Charles and Valerie Diker Collection to be exhibited in the American Wing at the
5067:
6042:
7469:, documented Inuit life in the mid-20th century while dealing with challenges presented by the harsh climate and extreme light conditions of the Canadian Arctic. He developed his film himself in his igloo, and some of his photos were shot by oil lamps. Following in the footsteps of early Kiowa amateur photographers
7600:, and silkscreen. Shops produced annual catalogs advertising their collections. Local birds and animals, spirit beings, and hunting scenes are the most popular subject matter, but are allegorical in nature. Backgrounds tend to be minimal and perspective is mixed. One of the most prominent of Cape Dorset artists is
2752:, dough bowls, and food bowls of different sizes for daily use, but they also made more elaborate ceremonial mugs, jugs, ladles, seed jars and those vessels for ritual use, and these were usually finished with polished surfaces and decorated with black painted designs. At the turn of the 20th century, Hopi potter
1889:, and Southeastern United States from approximately 800 CE to 1500 CE, varying regionally. After adopting maize agriculture the Mississippian culture became fully agrarian, as opposed to the hunting and gathering supplemented by part-time agriculture practiced by preceding woodland cultures. They built
8336:
is among those that does not exhibit Plains warrior's shields or "artifacts imbued with a warrior's power". Many tribes do not want grave goods or items associated with burials, such as funerary urns, in museums, and many would like associated grave goods reinterred. The process is often facilitated
8305:
is a component for healing ceremonies, but sandpaintings can be made into permanent art that is acceptable to sell to non-Natives as long as Holy People are not portrayed. Various tribes prohibit photography of many sacred ceremonies, as used to be the case in many
Western cultures. As several early
6856:
perfected contour-style beadwork, in which the lines of beads are stitch to emphasize the pictorial imagery. Plains tribes are master beaders, and today dance regalia for man and women feature a variety of beadwork styles. While Plains and
Plateau tribes are renowned for their beaded horse trappings,
8681:
Purdy, Barbara A., Kevin S. Jones, John J. Mecholsky, Gerald Bourne, Richard C. Hurlbert Jr., Bruse J. MacFadden, Krista L. Church, Michael W. Warren, Thomas F. Jorstad, Dennis J. Stanford, Melvin J. Wachowiak, and Robert J. Speakman (November 2011). "Earliest Art in the
Americas: incised image of a
8426:
was the first large scale show that held
Indigenous art on display. Their portrayal in museums grew more common later in the 1900s as a reaction to the Civil Rights Movement. With the rising trend of representation in the political atmosphere, minority voices gained more representation in museums as
8375:
and outlawed "willfully offer for sale any goods, with or without any
Government trade mark, as Indian products or Indian products of a particular Indian tribe or group, resident within the United States or the Territory of Alaska, when such person knows such goods are not Indian products or are not
6410:
Pinpointing the exact time of emergence of "modern" and contemporary Native art is problematic. In the past, Western art historians have considered use of
Western art media or exhibiting in international art arena as criteria for "modern" Native American art history. Native American art history is a
3862:
8434:
Though many did not yet view Native
American art as a part of the mainstream as of the year 1992, there has since then been a great increase in volume and quality of both Native art and artists, as well as exhibitions and venues, and individual curators. Such leaders as the director of the National
8039:
is a major center for ceremonial textile production. An Aymara elder from Coroma said, "In our sacred weavings are expressions of our philosophy, and the basis for our social organization... The sacred weavings are also important in differentiating one community, or ethnic group, from a neighboring
7288:
Performance allows artists to confront their audience directly, challenge long held stereotypes, and bring up current issues, often in an emotionally charged manner. "eople just howl in their seats, and there's ranting and booing or hissing, carrying on in the audience," says
Rebecca Belmore of the
6466:
Recognizable art markets between
Natives and non-Natives emerged upon contact, but the 1820–1840s were a highly prolific time. In the Pacific Northwest and the Great Lakes region, tribes dependent upon the rapidly diminishing fur trade adopted art production a means of financial support. A painting
2177:
for thousands of years. Early Plains cultures are commonly divided into four periods: Paleoindian (at least c. 10,000–4000 BCE), Plains Archaic (c. 4000–250 BCE), Plains Woodland (c. 250 BCE–950 CE), Plains Village (c. 950–1850 CE). The oldest known painted object in North American was found in the
2047:
A large number of pre-Columbian wooden artifacts have been found in Florida. While the oldest wooden artifacts are as much as 10,000 years old, carved and painted wooden objects are known only from the past 2,000 years. Animal effigies and face masks have been found at a number of sites in Florida.
1040:
to be dated, but the carving has been authenticated as having been made before the bone became mineralized. The anatomical correctness of the carving and the heavy mineralization of the bone indicate that the carving was made while mammoths and/or mastodons still lived in the area, more than 10,000
8777:
Haynes, C. V. Jr.; Reanier, R. E.; Barse, W. P.; Roosevelt, A. C.; da Costa, M. L.; Brown, L. J.; Douglas, J. E.; O'Donnell, M.; Quinn, E.; Kemp, J.; Machado, C. L.; da Silveira, M. I.; Feathers, J.; Henderson, A. (1997). "Dating a Paleoindian Site in the Amazon in Comparison with Clovis Culture".
8380:, New Mexico passed the Indian Arts and Crafts Sales Act in 1959, which has been amended many times including in 1978 and 2023. Oklahoma passed its American Indian Arts and Crafts Sales Act of 1974. Native American activists fought to strengthen protections against fraud which resulted in the 1990
7446:
has analyzed the functions that Haldane's photographs served for his community: as markers of success by having Anglo-style formal portraits taken, and as markers of the continuity of potlatching and traditional ceremonials by having photographs taken in ceremonial regalia. This second category is
8454:
prohibits non-Indigenous artists from exhibiting as Native American artists. Institutions and curators work discussing whom to represent, why are they being chosen, what Indigenous art looks like, and what its purpose is. Museums, as educational institutions, give light to cultures and narratives
1179:
who replaced them circa 1000 CE was more decorative in character. With European contact the historic period of Inuit art began. In this period, which reached its height in the late 19th century, Inuit artisans created souvenirs for the crews of whaling ships and explorers. Common examples include
8430:
Although Indigenous art was being displayed, the curatorial choices on how to display their work were not always made with the best of intentions. For instance, Native American art pieces and artifacts would often be shown alongside dinosaur bones, implying that they are a people of the past and
6662:
are regarded as the finest rivercane weavers. In Oklahoma, rivercane is prized but rare so baskets are typically made of honeysuckle or buckbrush runners. Coiled baskets are popular in the southwest and the Hopi and Apache in particular are known for pictorial coiled basketry plaques. The Tohono
6653:
A range of native grasses provides material for Arctic baskets, as does baleen, which is a 20th-century development. Baleen baskets are typically embellished with walrus ivory carvings. Cedar bark is often used in northwest coastal baskets. Throughout the Great Lakes and northeast, black ash and
6442:
The notion that fine art cannot be functional has not gained widespread acceptance in the Native American art world, as evidenced by the high esteem and value placed upon rugs, blankets, basketry, weapons, and other utilitarian items in Native American art shows. A dichotomy between fine art and
2460:
The Native Americans of California have used different mediums and forms for their traditional designs found in artifacts that express their history and culture. Some traditional art forms and archaeological evidence include basketry, painted pictographs and petroglyphs found on the walls in the
3748:
1932:. By the time of European contact the Mississippian societies were already experiencing severe social stress, and with the political upheavals and diseases introduced by Europeans many of the societies collapsed and ceased to practice a Mississippian lifestyle, with notable exceptions being the
4630:
1585:
at least since 2500 BCE. While there were many regionally distinct cultures, trade between them was common and they shared the practice of burying their dead in earthen mounds, which has preserved a large amount of their art. Because of this trait the cultures are collectively known as the
8341:(NAGPRA). In Canada, repatriation is negotiated between the tribes and museums or through Land Claims laws. In international situations, institutions are not always legally required to repatriate indigenous cultural items to their place of origin; some museums do so voluntarily, as with
7260:
Performance art is a new art form, emerging in the 1960s, and so does not carry the cultural baggage of many other art genres. Performance art can draw upon storytelling traditions, as well as music and dance, and often includes elements of installation, video, film, and textile design.
5132:
6156:
5612:
6520:, De Cora exhibited her paintings and design widely and illustrated books by Native authors. She strove to be tribally specific in her work and was revolutionary for portraying Indians in contemporary clothing of the early 20th century. She taught art to young Native students at
5586:
5632:
1506:
6554:
became Commissioner of Indian Affairs in 1933 and temporarily reversed the BIA's assimilationist policies by encouraging Native American arts and culture. By this time, Native American art exhibits and the art market increased, gaining wider audiences. In the 1920s and 1930s,
5352:
5158:
7813:) became one of the most prominent Native sculptors of the 20th century. Though he worked in wood and stone, Houser is most known for his monumental bronze sculptors, both representational and abstract. Houser influenced a generation of Native sculptors by teaching at the
5100:
4841:
5769:
6948:, have effectively revived Southeastern beadwork, a style that had been lost because of forced removal from tribes to Indian Territory. Their beadwork commonly features white bead outlines, an echo of the shell beads or pearls Southeastern tribes used before contact.
3217:
8206:
are regarded as some of the most difficult weaving techniques in the world. A single Chilkat blanket can take an entire year to weave. In both techniques, dog, mountain goat, or sheep wool and shredded cedar bark are combined to create textiles featuring curvilinear
6851:
In the Great Lakes, Ursuline nuns introduced floral patterns to tribes, who quickly applied them to beadwork. Great Lakes tribes are known for their bandolier bags, that might take an entire year to complete. During the 20th century the Plateau tribes, such as the
1219:
2067:. They have been described as some of the finest prehistoric Native American art in North America. The objects are not well dated, but may belong to the first millienium of the current era. Spanish missionaries described similar masks and effigies in use by the
6463:, alongside sculptors, painters, and textile artists. Art historian Dawn Ades writes, "Far from being inferior, or purely decorative, crafts like textiles or ceramics, have always had the possibility of being the bearers of vital knowledge, beliefs and myths."
6411:
new and highly contested academic discipline, and these Eurocentric benchmarks are followed less and less today. Many media considered appropriate for easel art were employed by Native artists for centuries, such as stone and wood sculpture and mural painting.
4364:
6693:
basket weavers are known to weave 60–100 stitches per inch and their rounded, coiled baskets adorned with quail's topknots, feathers, abalone, and clamshell discs are known as "treasure baskets". Three of the most celebrated Californian basket weavers were
6926:
has won top honors for her beadwork, which consciously integrates both traditional and contemporary motifs, such as beaded dancers on Converse high-tops. Greeves also beads on buckskin and explores such issues as warfare or Native American voting rights.
5687:
4806:
6873:, and Haudenosaunee tribes are known for symmetrical scroll motifs in white beads, called the "double curve." Iroquois are also known for "embossed" beading in which strings pulled taut force beads to pop up from the surface, creating a bas-relief.
6020:
5733:
2194:(1400-European contact) some change, possibly drought, caused the mass migration of the population to the Eastern Woodlands region, and the Great Plains were sparsely populated until pressure from American settlers drove tribes into the area again.
8101:
seamstresses, upon gaining access to sewing machines in the late 19th century and early 20th centuries, invented an elaborate appliqué patchwork tradition. Seminole patchwork, for which the tribe is known today, came into full flower in the 1920s.
5884:
5553:
4512:
3229:
7358:, documents Luna's first performance at his own home, the La Jolla Indian Reservation. Luna describes the experience as "probably the scariest moment of my life as an artist ... performing for the members of my reservation in the tribal hall."
8250:
As in most cultures, Native peoples create some works that are to be used only in sacred, private ceremonies. Many sacred objects or items that contain medicine are to be seen or touched by certain individuals with specialized knowledge. Many
2737:. Their culture formed in the American southwest, after the cultivation of corn was introduced from Mexico around 1200 BCE. People of this region developed an agrarian lifestyle, cultivating food, storage gourds, and cotton with irrigation or
5797:
2227:
During the Reservation Era of the late 19th century, buffalo herds were systematically destroyed by non-native hunters. Due to the scarcity of hides, Plains artists adopted new painting surfaces, such as muslin or paper, giving birth to
3642:
7300:
performance artist, maintains a consistent role of the Buffalo Man, whose irony and social commentary arise from the odd situations in which he finds himself, for instance a James Bond movie or lost in a desert labyrinth. Jeff Marley,
5234:
4744:
4729:
6308:
excel at feather work, creating brilliant colored headdresses, jewelry, clothing, and fans. Iridescent beetle wings are incorporated into earrings and other jewelry. Weaving and basketry also thrive in the Amazon, as noted among the
5120:
1397:
6181:
5372:
8094:
featured representations of animals, plants, and figures from oral history. Organizing into weaving collectives have helped Mayan women earn better money for their work and greatly expand the reach of Mayan textiles in the world.
6963:) was won top awards with her beaded dolls, which can include entire families or horses and riders, all with fully beaded regalia. The antique Venetian beads she uses can as small as size 22°, about the size of a grain of salt.
4348:
5862:
5009:
3510:
7748:
in Oregon in 1992. Crow's Shadow features a state-of-the-art printmaking studio and offers workshops, exhibition space, and printmaking residencies for Native artists, in which they pair visiting artists with master printers.
6606:
baskets in Nunavut to bark baskets in Tierra del Fuego, Native artists weave baskets from a wide range of materials. Typically baskets are made of vegetable fibers, but Tohono O'odham are known for their horsehair baskets and
6847:
is a quintessentially Native American art form, but ironically uses beads imported from Europe and Asia. Glass beads have been in use for almost five centuries in the Americas. Today a wide range of beading styles flourish.
5749:
3130:
3311:
4197:
of Brazil also have developed artistic traditions involving tattooing and body painting. Because of their remoteness, these tribes and their art have not been studied as thoroughly as Andean cultures, and many even remain
6828:, known for his experimental use of gourds, beargrass, and other desert plants, took his interest in native plants and founded Tohono O'odham Community Action, which provides traditional wild desert foods for his tribe.
4239:
1904:, a pan-regional and pan-linguistic religious and trade network. The majority of the information known about the S.E.C.C. is derived from examination of the elaborate artworks left behind by its participants, including
6141:
5702:
4857:
3526:
3040:
to fully develop in Mesoamerica. Their culture was the first to develop many traits that remained constant in Mesoamerica until the last days of the Aztecs: a complex astronomical calendar, the ritual practice of a
3108:
951:, a term that sometimes refers to only precontact art by Indigenous peoples of Latin America. Native scholars and allies are striving to have Indigenous art understood and interpreted from Indigenous perspectives.
7132:
is known for his ceramic bowls, painted with satirical scenes that combine Ancestral Pueblo, Greek, and pop culture imagery. Hundreds more Native contemporary ceramic artists are taking pottery in new directions.
6937:, one of today's most celebrated bead artists, pioneered a movement of highly realistic beaded portraits. His imagery ranges from 19th century Native leaders to pop icons such as Janet Jackson and Brooke Shields.
2594:
An art practice used by the Native American tribes of California, such as the Chumash, are carving and shaping effigy figurines. From multiple archaeological studies that occurred in various historical sites (the
8306:
photographers broke local laws, photographs of sensitive ceremonies are in circulation, but tribes prefer that they not be displayed. The same can be said for photographs or sketches of medicine bundle contents.
2328:, had been a center of trade. Plateau people traditionally settled near major river systems. Because of this, their art carries influences from other regions – from the Pacific Northwest coasts and Great Plains.
7349:
Performance art has allowed Native Americans access to the international art world, and Rebecca Belmore mentions that her audiences are non-Native; however, Native American audiences also respond to this genre.
6355:
5423:
3401:
8278:) and katsinam regalia are not meant to be seen by individuals who have not received instruction about that particular katsina. Many institutions do not display these publicly out of respect for tribal taboos.
5652:
5308:
5280:
3546:
3413:
3732:
2185:
In the Plains Village period, the cultures of the area settled in enclosed clusters of rectangular houses and cultivated maize. Various regional differences emerged, including Southern Plains, Central Plains,
3297:
1077:
8109:, found on clothing and blankets. Strips of silk ribbons are cut and appliquéd in layers, creating designs defined by negative space. The colors and designs might reflect the clan or gender of the wearer.
4917:
10568:"2023 New Mexico Statutes Chapter 30 - Criminal Offenses Article 33 - Fraud and False Dealing Section 30-33-6 - Inquiry as to producer; duty of inquiry; election to label authentic Indian arts and crafts"
7508:) has not only established a successful career with her own work, she has also been an advocate for the entire field of Native American photography. She has curated shows and organized conferences at the
7567:
in 1957. Houston taught local Inuit stone carvers how to create prints from stone-blocks and stencils. He asked local artists to draw pictures and the shop generated limited edition prints, based on the
6296:
was a major center of ceramic traditions as early as 1000 CE and continues to produce ceramics today, characterized by cream-colored bases painted with linear, geometric designs of red, black, and white
11420:
7158:
997:. While people of this time period worked in a wide range of materials, perishable materials, such as plant fibers or hides, had seldom been preserved through the millennia. Indigenous peoples created
4696:
3974:). The exact purpose and meaning of the Calendar Stone are unclear. Archaeologists and historians have proposed numerous theories, and it is likely that there are several aspects to its interpretation
5998:
1544:
3683:
3486:
5041:
4680:
2877:(Old Smith) was the first Navajo silversmith, but he had many students, and the technology quickly spread to surrounding tribes. Today thousands of artists produce silver jewelry with turquoise.
1525:
8321:
from an exhibit because "it was a medicine object intended to be seen only by community members and that its public display would cause irreparable harm to the Mohawk." The Grand Council of the
5846:
3074:
7442:. Their early photographs stand in stark contrast to the romanticized images of Edward Curtis and other contemporaries. Scholarship by Mique’l Askren (Tsimshian/Tlingit) on the photographs of
5382:
5214:
4480:
947:
and early museums. More conservative Western art museums have classified Indigenous art of the Americas within arts of Africa, Oceania, and the Americas, with precontact artwork classified as
8179:
to market. The study determined the total amount of time was 345 hours. Out of these 345 hours, the expert Navajo weaver needed: 45 hours to shear the sheep and process the wool; 24 hours to
6285:
state of Brazil houses the oldest firmly dated art in the Americas – rock paintings dating back 11,000 years. The cave is also the site of the oldest ceramics in the Americas, from 5000 BCE.
4545:
4093:
1770:
Native peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands continued to make visual art through the 20th and 21st centuries. One such artist is Sharol Graves, whose serigraphs have been exhibited in the
5525:
4941:
10941:
Phillips, Ruth B. "A Proper Place for Art or the Proper Arts of Place? Native North American Objects and the Hierarchies of Art, Craft and Souvenir." Lynda Jessup with Shannon Bagg, eds.
5913:
4500:
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2118:
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in 1743, although no examples of the Calusa objects from the historic period have survived. A south Florida effigy style is known from wooden and bone carvings from various sites in the
1987:
8761:
5029:
5830:
4315:
2891:
1597:(1000 BCE–1000 CE) is divided into early, middle, and late periods, and consisted of cultures that relied mostly on hunting and gathering for their subsistence. Ceramics made by the
6106:
4577:
6369:
10761:
9413:
Department of Arts of Africa, Oceania, and the Americas. "Jade in Costa Rica". In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–.(October 2001)
8027:
in Peru. Cotton and wool from alpaca, llamas, and vicuñas have been woven into elaborate textiles for thousands of years in the Andes and are still important parts of Quechua and
7970:
7799:
sculpt with walrus ivory, caribou antlers, bones, soapstone, serpentinite, and argillite. They often represent local fauna and humans engaged in hunting or ceremonial activities.
3361:. The Bat God in particular is known to have been revered also by the Zapotec ... He was especially associated ... with the underworld." An important Zapotec center was
1694:
1613:, and fashioned costumes from animal hides and antlers for ceremonial rituals. Shellfish was a mainstay of their diet, and engraved shells have been found in their burial mounds.
9374:
7016:
Ceramics have been created in the Americas for the last 8000 years, as evidenced by pottery found in Caverna da Pedra Pintada in the heart of the Brazilian Amazon. The Island of
11413:
6415:
artists painted with tempera on woven cotton fabric, at least 800 years ago. Certain Native artists used non-Indian art materials as soon as they became available. For example,
3784:
3668:
2990:. The stable Maya culture was most dominant in the east, especially the Yucatán Peninsula, while in the west more varied developments took place in subregions. These included
2862:
in the 18th and 19th centuries. After the introduction of the railroad in the 1880s, imported blankets became plentiful and inexpensive, so Navajo weavers switched to producing
2405:
7947:
2348:
bags, which are decorated with "bold, geometric designs" in false embroidery. Plateau beadworkers are known for their contour-style beading and their elaborate horse regalia.
3202:
1729:
8656:
4892:
4586:
2854:
is an aspect of Navajo healing ceremonies that inspired an art form. Navajos learned to weave on upright looms from Pueblos and wove blankets that were eagerly collected by
11967:
11627:
4456:
9330:
7915:
and returned to her reservation to teach over 2000 students woodcarving over a period of 40 years, ensuring that sculpture thrives as an art form on the Qualla Boundary.
2668:
2146:
8371:
Fraud has been a challenge facing Indigenous artists of the Americas for decades. In 1935, the United States passed the Indian Arts and Crafts Act which established the
8223:
7996:
11406:
9453:
9922:
8455:
that would otherwise go unseen; they provide a necessary spotlight and who they choose to represent is pivotal to the history of the represented artists and culture.
2465:
2026:
11670:
8410:
textile artists have lobbied for Guatemala to amend the nation's copyright laws to protect their collective intellectual property. Non-Native fashion designers have
6468:
1269:
649:
6334:
4570:
1292:
11660:
3290:
speaks of Remojadas' "magnificent hollow figures with expressive faces, in majestic postures and wearing elaborate paraphernalia indicated by added clay elements."
8148:
or commercial wool. Designs can be pictorial or abstract, based on traditional Navajo, Spanish, Oriental, or Persian designs. 20th-century Navajo weavers include
2436:
1118:
1965:
928:
Indigenous American visual arts include portable arts, such as painting, basketry, textiles, or photography, as well as monumental works, such as architecture,
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10709:
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For hundreds of years, Ancestral Pueblo created utilitarian grayware and black-on-white pottery and occasionally orange or red ceramics. In historical times,
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and beads – dentalium shells and elk teeth were prized materials. Later coins and glass beads acquired from trading were incorporated into Plains art. Plains
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revived their tribe's blackware tradition in the early 20th century. Julian invented a gloss-matte blackware style for which his tribe is still known today.
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or whelk shell. Both shells produce white beads, but only parts of the quahog produce purple. These are ceremonially and politically important to a range of
1192:
have a unique textile tradition intregrating skin-sewing, furs, and appliqué of small pieces of brightly dyed marine mammal organs in mosaic designs, called
1476:, and canoes. In addition to woodwork, two dimensional painting and silver, gold and copper engraved jewelry became important after contact with Europeans.
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2794:, which includes 15 major complexes of sandstone and timber. These are connected by a network of roads. Construction for the largest of these settlements,
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2584:
7872:. Traditional formline designs translate well into glass sculpture, which is increasingly popular thanks to efforts by contemporary glass artists such as
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and many other tribes became popular with collectors, museums, and tourists. This resulted in great innovation in the form of the baskets. Many pieces by
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Museum of the American Indian insist that Native American representation be done from a first-hand perspective. The establishment of such museums as the
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Native Americans have created sculpture, both monumental and small, for millennia. Stone sculptures are ubiquitous through the Americas, in the forms of
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was generally divided along east and west. "Archaeologists have dated human presence in Mesoamerica to possibly as early as 21,000 BCE" (Jeff Wallenfeldt
8328:
Tribes and individuals within tribes do not always agree about what is or is not appropriate to display to the public. Many institutions do not exhibit
7604:(born 1927), who has received many public commissions and two honorary doctorate degrees. Other prominent Inuit printmakers and graphic artists include
6903:, Mexico have a unique approach to beadwork. They adhere beads, one by one, to a surface, such as wood or a gourd, with a mixture of resin and beeswax.
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that they buried beneath the floors of their houses for unknown reasons. These were most often modeled in terracotta, but also occasionally carved from
10478:
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5509:
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7829:) is known for her expressive, figurative, ceramic sculptures but has also branched into bronze casting, and her work is permanently displayed at the
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potter who collaborated with anthropologists to revive traditional pottery forms and designs, and many of her relatives are successful potters today.
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sweetgrass are woven into fancy work, featuring "porcupine" points, or decorated as strawberries. Bark baskets are traditional for gathering berries.
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11500:
8123:
men weave with cotton on upright looms. Their mantas and sashes are typically made for ceremonial use for the community, not for outside collectors.
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Olla with annular base and modeled figures; 500–1550; ceramic yellow-ware; height: 28.6 cm (11.2 in); width: 31.8 cm (12.5 in);
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1307:
832:
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Anthropomorphic pendant; 18th century; gold; height: 13 cm (5.1 in), width: 13 cm (5.1 in), depth: 4.5 cm (1.7 in);
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is one of the leading ceramic artists in the Americas. She creates coil-built, emotionally charged figures that comment on contemporary society.
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7489:, 1906–1990) carefully negotiated Hopi cultural views toward photography and did not offer his portraits of Hopi people for sale to the public.
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4143:
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Restored Teotihuacan architecture showing typical Mesoamerican use of red paint complemented on gold and jade decoration upon marble and granite
2216:. Men painted narrative, pictorial designs recording personal exploits or visions. They also painted pictographic historical calendars known as
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Lime container; 5th-9th century; gold; 23 cm (9 in) high; Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York City). Likely used by a member of the
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artists are admired for their cluster work jewelry, showcasing turquoise designs, as well as their elaborate, pictorial stone inlay in silver.
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and was an outspoken advocate of art as a means for Native Americans to maintain cultural pride, while finding a place in mainstream society.
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larger and more complex than those of their predecessors, and finished and developed more advanced ceramic techniques, commonly using ground
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While northern potters are not as well known as their southern counterparts, ceramic arts extend as far north as the Arctic. Inuit potter,
7043:' pottery has Catawba influences. In Oklahoma, Cherokees lost their pottery traditions until revived by Anna Belle Sixkiller Mitchell. The
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8081:. Two mola panels form a blouse, but when a Kuna woman is tired of a blouse, she can disassemble it and sell the molas to art collectors.
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4057:, which were used for funeral ornaments. Around 500 CE gold ornaments replaced jade, possibly because of the depletion of jade resources.
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boards. Modern Inuit art began in the late 1940s, when with the encouragement of the Canadian government they began to produce prints and
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2374:. After being displaced from their lands by non-Native settlers, Washoe wove baskets for the commodity market, especially 1895 to 1935.
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2005:
1468:, is characterized by an extremely complex stylistic vocabulary expressed mainly in the medium of woodcarving. Famous examples include
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uses cedar bark to weave both traditional functional baskets and impractical but beautiful cedar evening gowns and high-heeled shoes.
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11993:
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Native photographers have taken their skills into the fields of art videography, photocollage, digital photography, and digital art.
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to bring attention to issues of women's, indigenous people's, and lesbian's rights, as well as anti-poverty issues. Julieta Paredes,
6535:, showed their paintings in First International Art Exposition in Prague, Czechoslovakia in 1928. They also participated in the 1932
1832:
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10826:; Phillips, Ruth B. (12 October 2017). "Inclusivity or Sovereignty? Native American Arts in the Gallery and the Museum since 1992".
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that display clan crests. During the 19th century and early 20th century, this art form was threatened but was effectively revived.
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Today basket weaving often leads to environmental activism. Indiscriminate pesticide spraying endangers basket weavers' health. The
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was known for its grotesque figurines at the turn-of-the-20th century, and these have been revived by Virgil Ortiz. Cochiti potter
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1196:. Women create elaborate netted beadwork collars. They have strong mask-making tradition and also are known for an art form called
7124:, also of Santa Clara Pueblo is world-renowned for her individual figures as well as conceptual installations featuring ceramics.
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A complex technique called "doubleweave," which involves continuously weaving both an inside and outside surface is shared by the
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Ancestral figure; 1000–1550; brown stone; height: 18.1 cm (7.1 in), width: 4.8 cm (1.8 in); Walters Art Museum
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Indigenous American arts have had a long and complicated relationship with museum representation since the early 1900s. In 1931,
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Vessel; 1000–1470; earthenware, slip paint; height: 29.6 cm (11.6 in.); diameter: 12.1 cm (4.7 in.); Walters Art Museum
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5894:); 10th-13th century; gold, turquoise, greenstone & shell; height: 33 cm (1 ft. 1 in.); Metropolitan Museum of Art
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from ancient times to the present. These include works from South America and North America, which includes Central America and
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10211:
10129:"Mique'l Askren, Bringing our History into Focus: Re-Developing the Work of B.A. Haldane, 19th-century Tsimshian Photographer,
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1327:. While humans have lived in the region far longer, the oldest known surviving Subarctic art is a petroglyph site in northwest
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rituals. Indigenous peoples of the Canadian arctic have produced objects that could be classified as art since the time of the
12001:
10525:
9813:
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7492:
Today innumerable Native people are professional art photographers; however, acceptance to the genre has met with challenges.
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The widespread popularity of glass beads does not mean aboriginal bead making is dead. Perhaps the most famous Native bead is
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Effigy bottle; 200 BCE 500 CE; earthenware & slip paint; height: 28.2 cm (11.1 in.), diameter: 20.5 cm (8 in.);
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technique. Designs originated from traditional skin painting designs but today exhibit a wide range of influences, including
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Ixtlilxóchitl, these portraits of historical Texcocan leaders are rendered with shading, modeling and anatomic accuracy. The
3000:
civilizations generally lived to the regions south of modern-day Mexico, although there was some overlap between the places.
2808:, jet, and spiny oyster shell have been traditionally used by Ancestral Pueblo for jewelry, and they developed sophisticated
2059:
More than 1,000 carved and painted wooden objects, including masks, tablets, plaques and effigies, were excavated in 1896 at
9753:
9692:
1826:. Hand-modeled lowly fired clay objects occur in a variety of shapes including anthropomorphic figurines and cooking balls.
1661:, are clear that these masks are not for sale or public display. The same can be said for Iroquois Corn Husk Society masks.
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7112:
Today contemporary Native potters create a wide range of ceramics from functional pottery to monumental ceramic sculpture.
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and Washoe basketmakers are known for their baskets that incorporate seed beads on the surface and for waterproof baskets.
932:, public sculpture, or murals. Some Indigenous art forms coincide with Western art forms; however, some, such as porcupine
825:
8198:
Customary textiles of Northwest Coast peoples using non-Western materials and techniques are enjoying a dramatic revival.
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basket weavers of the Venezuelan Amazon paint their woven tray and burden baskets with geometric designs in charcoal and
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Double spout and strap handle vessel with a mythological figure; 400–1200; slip-painted ceramic; height: 19.37 cm (7
2991:
1377:
1250:
943:
Indigenous art of the Americas has been collected by Europeans since sustained contact in 1492 and joined collections in
17:
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particularly significant because the use of the ceremonial regalia was against the law in Canada between 1885 and 1951.
6512:
was the best known Native American artist before World War I. She was taken from her reservation and family to the
3192:. Established around 200 BCE, the city fell between the 7th and 8th century CE. Teotihuacan has numerous well-preserved
993:
is defined as approximately 18,000 to 8,000 BCE. The period from around 8000 to 800 BCE is generally referred to as the
12061:
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Museum representation for Indigenous artists calls for great responsibility from curators and museum institutions. The
7702:(1934–2001) was one of the most celebrated artists of his country – with over 85 solo exhibitions during his lifetime.
5402:
3963:
2897:
2573:
907:
4261:
4246:
3056:, believed to be portraits of rulers that were erected to advertise their great power. The Olmec also sculpted votive
1048:
from approximately 8,050 BCE. Lithic age art in South America includes Monte Alegre culture rock paintings created at
11918:
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11117:
11102:
11046:
11010:
10996:
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10905:
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tribe's centuries-long pottery tradition had died out in the early 20th century, but has been effectively revived by
6521:
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2975:
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8431:
non-existent or irrelevant in today's world. Native American remains were on display in museums up until the 1960s.
6642:
weaves baskets in the traditional fancywork patterns of her tribes from exposed film. Basketry can take many forms.
3962:; diameter: 358 cm (141 in.); thick: 98 cm (39 in.); discovered on 17 December 1790 during repairs on the
3419:
Mosaic mask that represents a Bat god, 25 pieces of jade, with yellow eyes made of shell. It was found in a tomb at
1515:
thunderbird transformation mask, 19th century, cedar, pigments, leather, nails, metal plate, 71 in. wide when open,
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9596:
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6378:
6173:
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3357:"The Bat God was one of the important deities of the Maya, many elements of whose religion were shared also by the
8587:
7402:
Native Americans embraced photography in the 19th century. Some even owned their own photography studios, such as
5775:
Mozaic figure; 7th–11th century; wood with shell-and-stone inlay & silver; 10.2 x 6.4 x 2.6 cm; from the
2012:
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12031:
11706:
11594:
11579:
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enabled tribes to live a completely nomadic existence, hunting buffalo. Buffalo hide clothing was decorated with
2098:
are best known for their textile creations, especially patchwork clothing. Doll-making is another notable craft.
1901:
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818:
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7736:) have all built successful careers with their print and have gone on to teach the next generation of printers.
5638:
Vase with music scene; 300 BCE-300 CE painted clay; height: 21.5 cm; from northern coastal region of Peru;
3304:
A large terracotta figurine of a young chieftain in the Remojadas style. 300–600 CE; Height: 31 in (79 cm).
1635:(500–1000 CE) saw a decline in trade and in the size of settlements, and the creation of art likewise declined.
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Stirrup-spout vessel with scroll ornament; ceramic; 900-200 BCE; height: 18.4 cm, diameter: 16.2 cm;
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2557:
2238:
2154:
1995:
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Most Native beadwork is created for tribal use but beadworkers also create conceptual work for the art world.
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3329:
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7481:, 1906–1984) shot over 2000 images of his neighbors and relatives in Western Oklahoma from the 1920s onward.
7457:, 1891–1973), a photographer from Peru, was one of the pioneering Indigenous photographers of South America.
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3493:
2596:
1905:
1404:
10813:, 20 August 2005, www.nytimes.com/2005/08/20/arts/design/a-new-dawn-for-museums-of-native-american-art.html.
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12269:
12119:
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12056:
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12006:
8500:
8372:
8366:
7641:
6979:
5434:
3943:, starting with 1 Earthquake, 2 Flint/Knife, 3 Rain, etc., are shown on the bottom row and the right column
3209:
1913:
8113:
and other dance regalia from these tribes often feature ribbonwork. These tribes are also known for their
6689:
is a common material in southern California, while sedge, willow, redbud, and devil's claw are also used.
12164:
12104:
11853:
11797:
11665:
11052:
Hutchinson, Elizabeth (Dec 2001). "Modern Native American Art: Angel DeCora's Transcultural Aesthetics."
8495:
7805:
paved the way for Native American artists to sculpt in mainstream traditions using non-Native materials.
7745:
7572:
workshop system of Japan. Cooperative print shops were also established in nearby communities, including
7176:
6162:
Fragment ofslit tapestry with eccentric weave and applied fringe, 1000–1470, camelid fiber and cotton, 16
5931:
4622:
1917:
11398:
9282:
9061:
7856:
kept the art alive and also carved masks, furniture, bentwood boxes, and jewelry. Haida carvers include
6214:
12274:
12129:
11373:
9198:"The Antiquity and Significance of Effigies and Representational Art in Southern California Prehistory"
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8381:
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5989:
5837:
5740:
5694:
5603:
5564:
5149:
5058:
4955:
4736:
4519:
4385:
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3369:, Mexico. The Monte Albán periods are divided into I, II, and III, which range from 200 BCE to 600 CE.
3161:
2719:
2569:
10864:, 21 February 2017, www.metmuseum.org/blogs/now-at-the-met/2017/native-american-art-the-american-wing.
8387:
Some tribes face so much fraud that they have had to enact their own laws to address the problem. The
3532:
Jade plaque of a Maya king; 400-800 (Classic period); height: 14 cm, width: 14 cm; found at
2741:
techniques. They lived in sedentary towns, so pottery, used to store water and grain, was ubiquitous.
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11713:
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8540:
8377:
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599:
285:
149:
10431:
10102:
9139:
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bead lavish floral dog blankets. Eastern tribes have a completely different beadwork aesthetic, and
4275:
Double-spouted jar with strap handle; 500 BCE-500 CE; slip-painted ceramic; height: 21.27 cm (8
11792:
7912:
7869:
7865:
6766:
6517:
6498:. Lewis exhibited widely, and a testament to her popularity during her own time was that President
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5339:
5179:
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1882:
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236:
184:
11273:, Architecture of First Societies: A Global Perspective, (New York: Wiley & Sons, August 2013)
8016:
3707:
2412:
Nez Perce man's beaded and quilled buckskin shirt with eagle feathers and ermine pelts, c. 1880-85
1403:
Man's hide jacket. The floral designs' stems feature "thorny" beadwork, typical of the Subarctic,
1059:
The southwestern United States and certain regions of the Andes have the highest concentration of
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Mata Ortiz pottery jar by Jorge Quintana, 2002. Displayed at Museum of Man, San Diego, California
6685:
California and Great Basin tribes are considered some of the finest basket weavers in the world.
6551:
5808:
5106:
Small footed bowl with tiger head handles; 1000–1500; earthenware; 5 × 10.1 cm (2 × 4 in.);
5016:
4487:
3455:
2711:
2513:
1929:
1657:
for healing rituals, but the traditional representatives of the tribes, the Grand Council of the
729:
432:
390:
323:
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created bold, screen prints and etchings in the mid-20th century that blended traditional, flat
7281:-Mexican performance artist, also participated in the Venice Biennale in 2005, representing the
5165:
4707:
4687:
3013:
1339:, are major resources, providing hides, antlers, sinew, and other artistic materials. Porcupine
1283:
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has ruled that such masks are not for sale or public display, nor are Corn Husk Society masks.
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1617:
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1108:
944:
522:
159:
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The Northwest Coastal tribes are known for their woodcarving – most famously their monumental
7309:" to create subversive, yet humorous, interventions that take history and place into account.
5501:
4928:
4467:
4431:
4381:
4322:
4231:
3634:
12216:
11895:
11802:
10964:
9735:
8904:
8711:
8555:
8505:
8403:
7908:
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7232:
7125:
7095:
7040:
6991:
6983:
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6627:
6543:, "was acclaimed the most popular exhibit among all the rich and varied displays assembled."
6531:, a group of Kiowa painters from Oklahoma, met with international success when their mentor,
6202:
5693:
Standing figure; 1st century BCE-1st century CE; emossed gold; height: 22.9 cm (9 in.);
5532:
4848:
4833:
4355:
3868:
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2190:, and Middle Missouri. Tribes were both nomadic hunters and semi-nomadic farmers. During the
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1886:
1878:
1815:
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1736:
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777:
614:
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Cherokee tribes can sell their artwork, books, or other creative works as being "Cherokee."
8242:) explore non-representational abstraction and use experimental materials in their weaving.
6918:) has both an Indian and non-Indian audience for his work and is known for his fully beaded
6805:
in Brazil, men weave baskets. They weave a wide range of styles, but the largest are called
5319:
1605:
are another well-known example of an early Woodland culture. They carved stone tablets with
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11885:
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8691:
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8288:
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6026:
Male figure-shaped coca chewer on bench; 9th–15th century; ceramic; height: 21.6 cm (8
5868:
Sican headdress mask; 10th-11th century; gold, silver & paint; height: 29.2 cm (11
5592:
Seated figure; 2nd century BCE-3rd century CE; stone; 63.5 × 44.45 × 20.32 cm (25 × 17
5359:
5318:
stone sculpture in the shape of a head of a man, an ornament from a wall; 9th century BCE;
3955:
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3658:
3516:
Portrait of K'inich Janaab Pakal I; 615–683; stucco; height: 43 cm (1 ft 5 in.);
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2016:
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Mayan women have woven cotton with backstrap looms for centuries, creating items such as
7953:
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7338:
or "Women Creating" features many indigenous artists. They create public performances or
6663:
O'odham are well known for their basket-weaving prowess, and evidenced by the success of
6616:
6423:
painted with ink and watercolor on paper in the late 16th century. Bound together in the
6384:
4199:
4155:
2730:
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2694:
In the Southwestern United States numerous pictographs and petroglyphs were created. The
2281:
2080:
1628:
encompassed a wide variety of jewelry and sculpture in stone, wood, and even human bone.
1601:(2500 BCE–100 CE) are the earliest evidence of an artistic tradition in this region. The
1473:
1417:
1025:
714:
10788:
8695:
8402:
Indigenous artists of Mexico and Guatemala have fought to protect their designs through
6342:
6048:
Bowl supported by 3 figures; 850–1500; resist-painted ceramic; height: 28.58 cm (11
5658:
Textile fragment; 4th–6th century; camelid hair; overall: 33.02 x 82.55 cm (13 × 32
5300:
3813:
2610:
1175:. While the walrus ivory carvings of the Dorset were primarily shamanic, the art of the
12179:
11972:
11177:
11123:
Sturtevant, William C. (2007). "Early Iroquois Realist Painting and Identity Marking."
10968:
10843:
10823:
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9426:
In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–.
8486:
8203:
8130:
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7873:
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7577:
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7411:
7398:(Laguna Pueblo, 1925–2021), next to his most famous photograph, "White Man's Moccasins"
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1457:
1130:
1045:
260:
189:
105:
10385:
10332:
10316:
9412:
8234:), whose work is overtly political in nature. Valencia, Joseph and Ramona Sakiestewa (
7536:. 20th-century Native artists have borrowed techniques from Japan and Europe, such as
6471:
emerged among the Haudenosaunee in New York in the 1820s, spearheaded by the brothers
3883:, shell, traces of gilding and pine resin and Bursera resin for adhesive; 20.3 in. H;
2197:
The advent of the horse revolutionized the cultures of many historical Plains tribes.
12026:
11910:
11685:
11655:
11605:
11574:
11453:
11281:
11257:
11230:
11215:
11200:
11143:
11128:
11113:
11098:
11080:
11064:
11042:
11027:
11006:
10992:
10974:
10946:
10931:
10916:
10901:
10886:
10847:
10355:
9476:
9217:
9173:
9096:
9042:
9017:
8992:
8831:
8741:
8545:
8284:
7931:
7822:
7713:
7617:
7532:
stone tablets were used for printmaking, not much is known about aboriginal American
7113:
7048:
6866:
6821:
6817:
6631:
6305:
6274:
6232:
6206:
6147:
Beaded wrist ornament, ca. 1100–1399 CE, hand-ground shell beads, cordage, 4.25 in.,
5001:
4194:
3552:
Relief showing Aj Chak Maax presenting captives before ruler Itzamnaaj B'alam III of
3461:
3441:
2824:
2820:
1582:
1578:
1423:
1369:
1324:
1189:
1154:
1009:
styles, and pictographic cave paintings, some of which have survived in the present.
960:
948:
686:
570:
492:
482:
302:
11347:
11341:
11335:
10928:
Diversity and Dialogue: The Eiteljorg Fellowship for Native American Fine Art, 2007.
10860:
Yount, Sylvia. "Redefining American Art: Native American Art in The American Wing".
10733:"The Art of Indigenous Americans and American Art History: A Century of Exhibitions"
9667:
8929:
8376:
Indian products of the particular Indian tribe or group." In response to widespread
8011:
7278:
6952:
6749:, is a contemporary practitioner of this technique. The Tarahumara, or Raramuri, of
5964:
5708:
Nose-ornament; 1st-5th century; gold and embossed silver; Metropolitan Museum of Art
5315:
4721:
1012:
Belonging in the lithic stage, the oldest known art in the Americas is a fossilized
12184:
11858:
11553:
11526:
11323:
10835:
10740:
9810:
9520:
9209:
8787:
8699:
8208:
8048:
7857:
7841:
7601:
7501:
7443:
7431:
7419:
7403:
7331:
6870:
6635:
6603:
6572:
6499:
6412:
5194:
4178:, where they are roughly divided into Northern Andes civilizations of present- day
4050:
3924:
3901:
3805:
3178:
2832:
2715:
2627:
2447:
2337:
1677:
1610:
1598:
1581:, or simply woodlands, cultures inhabited the regions of North America east of the
1465:
1427:
1006:
1002:
937:
604:
575:
216:
11252:
Native paths: American Indian art from the collection of Charles and Valerie Diker
10989:
California and Great Basin Indian Basketmakers: The Living Art and Fine Tradition.
10839:
10762:"Why Native American Art Doesn't Belong in the American Museum of Natural History"
8954:
8791:
7699:
7450:
7376:
7343:
6801:, a red berry. While in most tribes the basket weavers are often women, among the
6361:
6346:
4750:
Nose ornament; 7th-12th century; cantilever gold alloy; Metropolitan Museum of Art
4551:
Pedestal dish; 600–800; height: 15.24 cm (6 in.), diameter: 27.69 cm (10
2182:, found in Oklahoma and dated 10,900–10,200 BCE. It's painted with a red zig-zag.
1343:
embellishes hides and birchbark. After European contact with the influence of the
46:
11863:
10438:
10339:
10112:
9990:
9968:
9926:
9817:
9757:
9750:
9719:
9696:
9689:
9674:
9643:
9527:
9289:
9267:
9068:
8857:
8550:
8388:
8342:
8333:
8296:
8292:
8216:
8199:
8070:
8024:
7889:
7733:
7609:
7482:
7470:
7458:
7423:
7391:
7335:
7270:
7262:
7067:
7036:
6967:, Rhonda Holy Bear, and Charlene Holy Bear are also prominent beaded dollmakers.
6960:
6853:
6746:
6602:
is one of the ancient and most-widespread art forms in the Americas. From coiled
6536:
6448:
6439:
in the 16th century, precursors to modern museums, featured Native American art.
6298:
6127:
Chimu mantle, Late Intermediate Period, 1000–1476 CE, featuring pelicans and tuna
5756:
5441:
5409:
5271:
5183:
5092:
4175:
4130:
3872:
3755:
3724:
3358:
3322:, 200–500 CE. Note the feminine breast and birds on the right side of the figure.
3263:
2997:
2828:
2695:
2395:
2375:
2329:
2053:
1956:
1807:
1654:
1594:
1516:
1164:
1053:
1024:
that dates back to 11,000 BCE. The bone was found early in the 21st century near
915:
845:
507:
487:
420:
179:
164:
122:
90:
8164:
7778:
4812:
Gourd-shaped vessel; 850–1500; resist-painted ceramic; height: 26.35 cm (10
4080:
1067:(carved images) from this period. Both pictographs and petroglyphs are known as
11833:
11823:
11754:
11541:
11270:
11161:
8212:
8176:
8172:
7877:
7853:
7741:
7725:
7705:
7668:
7645:
7454:
7339:
7293:
7129:
7083:
7063:
6930:
6907:
6892:
6813:
6762:
6599:
6532:
6460:
6432:
6198:
5578:
5559:
2 ear ornaments with winged runners; 5th century-8th century; gold, turquoise,
5378:
4951:
4340:
3884:
3537:
3120:
3057:
3027:
2904:
2859:
2799:
2764:
2734:
2661:
Pomo beaded, coiled basket, sedgeroot, willow, glass beads, abalone, circa 1880
2577:
2481:
2469:
2371:
2088:
2048:
Animal effigies dating to between 200 and 600 were found in a mortuary pond at
1952:
1936:
1890:
1497:
1445:
1172:
919:
804:
784:
671:
592:
405:
395:
385:
226:
221:
110:
76:
8703:
7765:, and statues. Alabaster stone carving is popular among Western tribes, where
5138:
Anthropomorphic pendant; 1000–1550; gold alloy casting; width: 14.6 cm (5
3420:
3362:
1056:
in Peru has the earliest known textiles in South America, dating to 8000 BCE.
898:. This map does not show Greenland, which is part of the Arctic cultural area.
39:
12258:
11828:
11769:
11650:
10745:
9236:
9221:
9213:
9177:
8682:
proboscidean on a mineralized extinct animal bone from Vero Beach, Florida".
8322:
8310:
8275:
8267:
8252:
8239:
8149:
8114:
8091:
8058:
8028:
7900:
7893:
7802:
7709:
7649:
7629:
7605:
7529:
7497:
7474:
7245:
7210:
7195:
7168:
7164:
7087:
7075:
7025:
6784:
6750:
6719:
6715:
6639:
6623:
6588:
6509:
6487:
6483:
6476:
6397:
5822:
5430:
4448:
3581:
3437:
3186:
2949:
2843:
2795:
2580:
2561:
2550:
2443:
2367:
2359:
2355:
2341:
2306:
2285:
2198:
1921:
1764:
1760:
1658:
1639:
1602:
1383:
1320:
1084:
990:
799:
639:
627:
502:
444:
415:
410:
365:
328:
204:
174:
144:
63:
11003:
North American Indian Jewelry and Adornment: From Prehistory to the Present.
10710:"Pride and profit: Why Mayan weavers fight for intellectual property rights"
7082:
gained recognition for her black-on-white ceramics in the mid-20th century.
5755:
Anthropomorphic figure; 7th-10th century; burned clay; from Mantaro Valley;
4533:
4370:
Animal-headed figure pendant; 1st–7th century; gold; height: 6.35 cm (2
3754:
Standing male figure; 600–900; earthenware; from central Veracruz (Mexico);
12021:
11759:
11749:
11744:
11329:
10369:
9305:
8436:
8153:
8126:
7904:
7845:
7806:
7729:
7664:
7637:
7625:
7380:
7306:
7228:
7172:
7079:
6923:
6919:
6881:
artists have developed a tradition of three-dimensional beaded sculptures.
6774:
6664:
6647:
6643:
6619:
6540:
6491:
6472:
6428:
6293:
6096:
5719:
5643:
5540:
5413:
5343:
5287:
4898:
Ceramic figurine with tumbaga decoration; 1200–1500; Museum of the Americas
4151:
4084:
4010:
3236:
3189:
3098:
3065:
2994:(1000–1), Teotihuacan (1–500), Mixtec (1000–1200), and Aztec (1200–1521).
2952:
2928:
2851:
2842:
peoples emigrated from northern Canada in the southwest. These include the
2787:
2689:
2345:
2321:
2217:
2174:
1977:
1973:
1925:
1909:
1750:
1746:
1441:
1299:
1202:
or an "evil spirit object." Traditional art making practices thrive in the
1185:
1176:
986:
789:
772:
762:
739:
644:
634:
609:
512:
477:
462:
457:
437:
335:
100:
11024:
Arctic Spirit: Inuit Art from the Albrecht Collection at the Heard Museum.
10930:
Indianapolis: Eiteljorg Museum of American Indians and Western Art, 2008.
10494:
10453:
9833:
9469:
7903:, of Cherokee descent, exhibited internationally in the mid-20th century.
6836:
6816:
tree, used by basket weavers from Michigan to Maine, is threatened by the
6268:
794:
11531:
11428:
10732:
9712:
8762:
Scientist at Work: Anna C. Roosevelt; Sharp and To the Point In Amazonia.
8737:
Bison Hunting at Cooper Site: Where Lightning Bolts Drew Thundering Herds
8407:
8346:
8329:
8078:
7881:
7818:
7782:
7774:
7770:
7688:
7597:
7585:
7533:
7518:
Our People, Our Land, Our Images: International Indigenous Photographers.
7106:
6878:
6802:
6707:
6695:
6655:
5776:
5725:
5516:
5487:
4924:
4593:
4537:
4210:
The Isthmo-Colombian Area includes some Central American countries (like
4126:
3971:
3533:
3477:
3445:
3174:
2981:
2882:
2874:
2870:
2855:
2738:
2644:
2538:
2534:
2527:
2363:
2325:
2049:
1606:
1532:
1207:
1033:
998:
980:
767:
744:
734:
724:
661:
529:
345:
318:
295:
290:
275:
270:
194:
154:
95:
11368:
11077:
Understanding Northwest Coast Art: A Guide to Crests, Beings and Symbols
10400:
9454:
Scientist at Work: Anna C. Roosevelt;Sharp and To the Point In Amazonia.
9161:
8611:"University of Florida: Epic carving on fossil bone found in Vero Beach"
8074:
7516:
featuring Native American photographers. Tsinhnahjinnie wrote the book,
3932:
3929:, who is shown on the upper left wearing a flayed skin, giving birth to
3840:
3831:
3501:
2760:-style pottery, originated on First Mesa in the 14th to 17th centuries.
2757:
1943:
peoples. Other tribes descended from Mississippian cultures include the
11764:
11734:
11558:
9636:
8567:
8141:
8106:
7849:
7837:
7660:
7659:
Many Native painters transformed their paintings into fine art prints.
7549:
7545:
7395:
7355:
7320:
7312:
7274:
6738:
6725:
6659:
6556:
5952:
Ponce stela in the sunken courtyard of the Tiwanaku's Kalasasaya temple
5784:
5437:
4909:
4822:
in.), diameter: 20.32 cm (8 in.); Los Angeles County Museum of Art
4211:
4076:
3116:
2932:
2863:
2839:
2835:, are especially notable for the narrative paintings on their pottery.
2791:
2523:
2229:
1803:
1512:
1489:
1469:
1364:
1203:
1088:
1064:
1060:
964:
681:
580:
541:
517:
472:
467:
452:
360:
340:
169:
115:
9894:
9751:
Terrol Dew Johnson and Tristan Reader, Tohono O'odham Community Action
8073:, cotton panels with elaborate geometric designs created by a reverse
2966:
1233:
11536:
11468:
11019:. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1968. ASIN B000X7A1T0.
10300:
9424:"Curly-Tailed Animal Pendant [Panama; Initial style] (91.1.1166)"
9041:. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida. pp. 46–47.
8991:. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida. pp. 31–33.
8281:
8043:
7861:
7796:
7766:
7691:
traveled to Japan to study wood block printing from master printers.
7621:
7593:
7407:
6884:
6742:
6528:
6451:
honors its greatest artists as Living Treasures, including frog- and
5623:
5111:
5078:
5020:
4671:
4506:
Anthropomorphic pendant; 5th-10th century; Metropolitan Museum of Art
4491:
3921:(of the Aztec sacred calendar) was under the auspices of the goddess
3880:
3553:
3465:
3319:
3277:
3240:
2805:
2780:
2772:
2221:
2202:
2095:
2060:
1811:
1795:
1493:
1453:
1344:
1340:
1275:
1261:
1160:
1150:
1013:
972:
968:
933:
911:
709:
691:
656:
585:
546:
497:
370:
127:
7017:
6289:
6004:
Face-shaped plaque; 7th–12th century; gold; diameter: 1.9 cm (3
5760:
4971:
4932:
4471:
4326:
4036:
3989:
effigy vessel; 1440–1469; painted earthenware; height: 35 cm (1
3986:
2881:
are renowned for their overlay silver work and cottonwood carvings.
2500:
from all parts of California are in museum collections, such as the
2056:. Particularly impressive is a 66 cm tall carving of an eagle.
57:
12016:
11039:
Weaving New Worlds: Southeastern Cherokee Women and Their Basketry.
10809:
Brockman, Joshua. "A New Dawn for Museums of Native American Art".
8231:
8098:
8066:
8004:
7961:
7762:
7672:
7513:
7505:
7302:
7269:
performance artist, has represented her country in the prestigious
7191:
7054:
Pueblo people are particularly known for their ceramic traditions.
7008:
6956:
6945:
6844:
6794:
6678:
6505:
6456:
6447:
is not commonly found in contemporary Native art. For example, the
6222:
6113:
Ceramic llama vessel, 1100–1400 CE, Museo de América, Madrid, Spain
5921:
5905:
5804:
5560:
5470:
4596:; University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology
4219:
4179:
3775:
3473:
3451:
3433:
3244:
3081:
2878:
2556:
The most elaborate pictographs in the U.S are considered to be the
2530:
2477:
2426:
2379:
2232:, so named for the ubiquitous ledger books used by Plains artists.
2206:
2072:
1647:
1449:
1181:
1068:
1029:
1021:
976:
929:
666:
556:
551:
536:
400:
11385:
11379:
11330:
The Metropolitan Museum of Art's Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History
9306:"Paracas | Paracas Textiles, Mummies & Geoglyphs | Britannica"
7020:
in Brazil remains a major center of ceramic art today. In Mexico,
6674:
6490:
marble sculptors from the 1860s–1880s. Her mother belonged to the
6092:
5739:
Ornament in the shape of a bird; 6th-10th century; embossed gold;
5240:
Female figurine; 2600-1500 BCE; ceramic; 11 x 2.9 x 1.6 cm (4
4762:
Footed bowl depicting a pair of monkeys; 750–1250; resist-painted
3497:
10317:
Clothing, Regalia, Textiles from the Chiapas Highlands of Mexico.
10081:
8259:
8227:
8192:
8036:
8000:
7773:-carving is traditional in the Southwest, particularly among the
7721:
7695:
7684:
7589:
7569:
7541:
7537:
7439:
7316:
7297:
7266:
7250:
7055:
6934:
6900:
6896:
6734:
6608:
6568:
6564:
6516:, where she began her lengthy formal art training. Active in the
6452:
6405:
6310:
5381:; 5th-3rd century BCE; granite; height: 1.95 (6 ft. 6 in.);
4763:
4578:
University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology
4463:
4183:
3916:
3759:
3137:
3031:
2924:
2908:
2901:
2816:
2753:
1948:
1819:
1388:
1348:
1332:
1328:
1303:
1257:
1198:
1017:
719:
427:
231:
199:
134:
11110:
The Trickster Shift: Humor and Irony in Contemporary Native Art.
10883:
American Indian Religious Traditions: An Encyclopedia, Volume 1.
6583:
6282:
3036:
The Olmec (1500–400 BCE), who lived on the gulf coast, were the
2354:
have a sophisticated basket making tradition, as exemplified by
1351:
and floral glass beadwork became popular through the Subarctic.
1091:, United States; a common theme in glyphs from the southwestern
1016:
bone, possibly from a mammoth, carved with a profile of walking
10624:
8657:"Ancient mammoth or mastodon image found on bone in Vero Beach"
8120:
8110:
8086:
8062:
8052:
7758:
6975:
6971:
6915:
6788:
6780:
6758:
6703:
6686:
6612:
6273:
Traditionally limited in access to stone and metals, Amazonian
5383:
Museo Nacional de Arqueología, Antropología e Historia del Perú
5363:
4868:
4607:
4215:
4109:
4022:
3959:
3690:
3654:
3469:
3366:
2847:
2786:. One of the most elaborate and largest ancient settlements is
2783:
2473:
2333:
2320:
Since the archaic period the Plateau region, also known as the
2277:
2187:
2068:
1940:
1894:
1868:
1742:
1643:
1559:
1461:
1279:
1237:
1229:
1225:
1092:
1037:
922:
209:
139:
10226:
9439:"Deity Figure (Zemi) Dominican Republic; Taino (1979.206.380)"
8734:
Zoch, Paul Allen; Bement, Leland C.; Carter, Brian J. (1999).
8480:
6304:
With access to a wide range of native bird species, Amazonian
3657:
ruler Lord Four Jaguar, in a depiction from the pre-Columbian
3018:
Mesoamerica was home to the following cultures, among others:
2220:. Women painted geometric designs on tanned robes and rawhide
1763:(African American / Ojibwe). Two of her works are held by the
8195:
the piece; and only one hour to sell the item in their shop.
7680:
7676:
7556:
7478:
7044:
6911:
6754:
6699:
6630:
Joel Queen all weave baskets from copper sheets or wire, and
6444:
6424:
6036:
in.), width: 10.2 cm (4 in.); Metropolitan Museum of Art
5788:
5536:
5225:
4947:
4031:, identified by his coloration, ringed teeth and jaguar teeth
3694:
3674:
Mixtec pectoral of gold and turquoise, Shield of Yanhuitlán.
3193:
3046:
2809:
2776:
2733:, or Anasazi, (1000 BCE–700 CE) are the ancestors of today's
2678:
woman's cap, bear grass and conifer root, Stanford University
2489:
2302:
2245:
1944:
1336:
11369:
Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University
10652:"Who is the Indian Arts and Crafts Act supposed to protect?"
9937:
9471:
Urarina Society, Cosmology, and History in Peruvian Amazonia
6681:
coiled basket, Celestine Lachapa of Inajo, late 19th century
5440:, 0-100 . This is a "double fish" (probably sharks) design.
5035:
Owl-shaped ornament; circa 400–1000; Cleveland Museum of Art
2819:
culture developed in Arizona. They are the ancestors of the
11355:
11172:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Museum: 176–201.
8951:"CRT-Louisiana State Parks Fees, Facilities and Activities"
8903:. Internet Archive: Smithsonian Institution. Archived from
8776:
8345:'s decision to return 5,000 artifacts and human remains to
8256:
8235:
8184:
8023:
Fiberwork dating back 10,000 years has been unearthed from
8003:) with two of her weavings at the Bienal de Arte Indígena,
7790:
7717:
7486:
7462:
7435:
7059:
6862:
6858:
6690:
6560:
6254:
5891:
5544:
5386:
5323:
5047:
Bird finial; 5th–10th century; gold; height 12.1 cm (4
4187:
4101:
3822:
3061:
2749:
2745:
2675:
2493:
2485:
1685:
1319:
Cultures of interior Alaska and Canada living south of the
11393:
11017:
American Indian Painting of the Southwest and Plains Areas
10498:
National Park Service, Department of the Interior: NAGPRA.
9597:
Pochoir prints of ledger drawings by the Kiowa Five, 1929.
9393:
7109:
uses a pottery wheel to create her prizewinning ceramics.
4053:
in present-day Costa Rica traditionally sculpted birds in
3598:
An expressive orange-ware clay vessel in the Toltec style.
11365:
Elizabeth Willis DeHuff Collection of American Indian Art
9521:
2006 Cherokee National Living Treasure artists announced.
9196:
Fitzgerald, Richard; Corey, Christopher (December 2009).
9162:"Some Observations on Chumash Prehistoric Stone Effigies"
8395:
in 2008. This law states that only citizens of the three
8295:, certain sacred pipes and pipe bags, and other tools of
8188:
6435:
easel painters in the 17th and 18th centuries. The first
3407:
Golden ornamentation worn by Zapotec government officials
10419:
University of Pennsylvania, School of Arts and Sciences.
9668:
Indian Cultures from Around the World: Yanomamo Indians.
8245:
6994:) creates wampum jewelry today, including wampum belts.
6277:
excel at featherwork, painting, textiles, and ceramics.
5978:
Pendant; 4th–10th century; gold; height: 14.6 cm (5
4735:
Nose ornament; 7th-12th century; cantilever gold alloy;
4636:
Ceremonial metate; 1500 BCE-1400; height: 56 cm (22
4518:
Pendants in the form of flying fish; 10th-15th century;
2976:
Pre-Columbian art § Mesoamerica and Central America
2305:
ledger art, possibly of the 1874 Buffalo Wallow battle,
1759:
One fine art sculptor of the mid-nineteenth century was
1456:
and other smaller tribes living in the coastal areas of
1044:
The oldest known painted object in North America is the
11382:, Profiles of many contemporary Native American artists
7976:
Each/Other by Marie Watt and Cannupa Hanska Luger, 2021
6877:(Cayuga) is a contemporary practitioner of this style.
5920:
Closeup of carved stone tenon-head embedded in wall of
5803:
Sacrificer-shaped container; circa 769–887; wood &
4026:
4016:
3930:
3922:
2614:
Sandstone shark effigies found in San Nicholas Island.
11635:
10913:
1491: New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus.
8339:
Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act
7039:
tribe is known for its tan-and-black mottled pottery.
11430:
Visual arts of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas
10963:
10593:"Oklahoma Statutes: Title 78. Trade Marks and Labels"
10442:
Dakota-Lakota-Nakota Human Rights Advocacy Coalition.
9984:
Inuit Pottery from Alma Houston's Private Collection.
9690:
Indian Cultures from Around the World: Waura Indians.
8851:
Haudenosaunee Confederacy Policy On False Face Masks.
4186:
and the Southern Andes civilizations of present- day
904:
visual arts of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas
11387:
Vistas: Visual Culture in Spanish America, 1520–1820
11154:
11095:
Native American Basketry: An Annotated Bibliography.
9364:
Mason 1929, p. 182, from Richardson 1932, pp. 48–49.
8832:
A History of Native Art in Canada and North America.
8462:
7473:(1897–1999) and Nettie Odlety McKenzie (1897–1978),
4686:
Stone figure resembling a masked shaman; 1000–1500;
4218:) and some South American countries near them (like
4174:
The native civilizations were most developed in the
3080:
Monument 1, one of the four Olmec colossal heads at
3052:
The most famous artistic creations of the Olmec are
3049:
to commemorate victories or other important events.
1998:, back used for mixing paint (Mississippian culture)
849:
Major cultural areas of the pre-Columbian Americas:
11358:of the Plains Indian Museum, on the website of the
10862:
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, I.e. The Met Museum
9600:
Smithsonian Institution Research Information System
8393:
Cherokee Nation Truth in Advertising for Native Art
8105:Great Lakes and Prairie tribes are known for their
7899:In the Southeast, woodcarving dominates sculpture.
7744:founded Crow's Shadow Institute of the Arts on the
7094:, which feature a large, single figure of a seated
5602:× 8 in.); weight: 102.5129 kg (226 lb.);
4927:; circa 600–1600; gold alloy; 19.5 x 10.1 cm;
4354:Funerary mask; 5th-1st century BCE; embossed gold;
3382:
Ceramic urn, 200 BCE – 800 CE, British Museum.
1036:animals early in the 20th century. The bone is too
10973:. Oxford History of Art. Oxford University Press.
10789:"Exhibiting Culture: American Indians and Museums"
9237:"Animal Effigies from Coastal Southern California"
8222:Experimental 21st-century textile artists include
7988:Textile arts of indigenous peoples of the Americas
7769:carving is traditional in the Northern Plains and
7528:Although it is widely speculated that the ancient
6888:Huichol bead artist, photo by Mario Jareda Beivide
6253:Silver and gold Inca statuettes, from the Musee D'
4321:Pendant; 1 CE-900; gold; 3.1 x 9.7 x 8.8 cm;
2961:
2714:, among other sites. Petroglyphs by these and the
2125:Alligator effigy, wood carving, Key Marco, Florida
11041:Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
10822:
9399:K. Mills, W. B. Taylor & S. L. Graham (eds),
9016:. Sarasota, Florida: Pineapple Press. p. 1.
7368:Photography by indigenous peoples of the Americas
7354:a 1997 film collaboration between James Luna and
6840:Examples of contemporary Native American beadwork
5015:Two-headed deer-shaped ornament; circa 400–1000;
3697:. This was an inspiration for similar mosaics by
906:encompasses the visual artistic practices of the
32:Visual arts by indigenous peoples of the Americas
12256:
10881:Crawford, Suzanne J. and Dennis F. Kelley, eds.
10116:The Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture.
8924:
8922:
8733:
8654:
7868:. Besides working in wood, Haida also work with
7385:Inca Land. Explorations in the Highlands of Peru
6729:Yurok women's basketry caps, Northern California
6658:is the preferred material in the Southeast, and
6502:commissioned her to carve his portrait in 1877.
6401:Drawing class at the Phoenix Indian School, 1900
4025:and painted blue, is adorned with the visage of
3235:Mask with a necklace with 55 beads and pendant;
3208:A mural showing what has been identified as the
1107:Archaic abstract curvilinear style petroglyphs,
11291:
11247:
11160:
10945:Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2002.
9195:
8332:regalia. At the request of tribal leaders, the
7032:is one of the leading potters from Mata Ortiz.
6753:, Mexico typically weave with pine needles and
3115:Kunz Axe; 1200-400 BCE; polished green quartz (
3084:. This one is nearly 3 metres (9 ft) tall.
1665:Art from the Eastern woodlands of North America
11197:Art in Latin America: The Modern Era 1820–1980
10240:Splendor in the Glass: Masters of a New Media.
9244:Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly
9039:Indians of Central and South Florida 1513-1763
8219:(1982–1986) was instrumental in this revival.
8163:In 1973, the Navajo Studies Department of the
7098:telling stories to groups of smaller figures.
7004:Ceramics of indigenous peoples of the Americas
6486:maintained a studio in Rome, Italy and carved
6406:Beginnings of contemporary Native American art
5680:Pre-Columbian Ecuador § La Tolita Culture
3504:, Musées Roayaux d'art et d'Histoire, Brussels
11621:
11414:
11278:Native American Art in the Twentieth Century.
11164:(1929). "Zapotec Funerary Urns from Mexico".
10356:"Native American Art- Navajo Blanket Weaving"
9811:The Huichol Web of Life: Creation and Prayer.
9401:Colonial Latin America: A Documentary History
8919:
7559:communities in particular. European-Canadian
4970:Mask; gold; 8.7 x 12.7 cm; Gold Museum (
4008:
4000:
3938:
3914:
1032:) had been found in association with extinct
826:
11295:The Iconography of Middle American sculpture
11256:. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
10943:On Aboriginal Representation in the Gallery.
10526:"Yale Returning Remains, Artifacts to Peru."
8716:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
8536:Painting in the Americas before Colonization
6058:in.), diameter of the bowl: 19.69 cm (7
5222:Casa del Alabado Museum of Pre-Columbian Art
4776:in.), diameter of the bowl: 20.48 cm (8
3906:
3635:Mixtec § Language, codices, and artwork
3580:— columns in the form of Toltec warriors in
3119:); height: 29 cm, width: 13.5 cm;
2344:women weave flat, rectangular corn husks or
2262:Sioux beaded and painted rawhide parfleches.
2071:late in the 17th century, and at the former
1650:devices, currency, and records of treaties.
1214:Inuit art from Alaska, Canada, and Greenland
11298:. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
11176:
11059:Masayesva, Victor and Erin Younger (1983).
9723:The Art of Kelly Church and Cherish Parrish
9403:, 'The Aztec Stone of the Five Eras', p. 23
7327:to racist children's rhymes into her work.
5286:Jaguar-shaped figure; 2000-1000 BCE; green
4786:in.), diameter of the foot: 7.94 cm (3
3271:
2502:Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology
2472:arts. In the late 19th-century Californian
2429:beaded men's moccasins, circa 1900, Wyoming
1210:ivory remains a valued medium for carving.
1163:of Alaska have a long tradition of carving
954:
11628:
11614:
11421:
11407:
11342:Central American art, starting at 8000 BCE
10898:Circa 1492: Art in the Age of Exploration.
10731:Berlo, Janet Catherine (5 December 2015).
10703:
10701:
10619:
10617:
9475:Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
9459:23 April 1996. Retrieved 26 September 2009
8634:"Earliest Mammoth Art: Mammoth on Mammoth"
8511:List of indigenous artists of the Americas
8313:leaders sued a museum, trying to remove a
7844:totem pole carvers such as Charlie James,
7793:– sacred, three-pointed stone sculptures.
7213:stamped silver belt buckle, collection of
6392:
2315:
833:
819:
11306:"Who Gets to Define Native American Art?"
11125:Three Centuries of Woodlands Indian Art.
10760:Abu Hadal, Katherine (20 February 2013).
10759:
10744:
10674:
10672:
10322:22 December 1999. Retrieved 28 March 2009
9097:"Native American and First Nations' GIS."
8473:Indigenous peoples of the Americas portal
8171:, wanted to determine how long it took a
8158:Wheelwright Museum of the American Indian
7346:and Mónica Mendoza are founding members.
6765:peoples are renowned for their pictorial
4704:Museo del Jade Marco Fidel Tristán Castro
4245:Zoomorphico-anthropomorphic figures from
3855:Aztecs § Art and cultural production
3014:Mesoamerica § Chronology_and_culture
2802:. Pueblo Bonito contains over 800 rooms.
2468:have a tradition of exquisitely detailed
1785:
1701:Carved soapstone pipe depicting a raven,
1572:
1531:Haida argillite carving; 1850–1900; from
11348:South American art, starting at 8000 BCE
11336:North American art, starting at 8000 BCE
11303:
11182:Indian Art of Mexico and Central America
10625:"The Indian Arts and Crafts Act of 1990"
10028:
10026:
9764:. 25 April 2003. Retrieved 16 March 2009
9140:"Contemporary Great Basin Basketmakers."
8845:
8843:
8729:
8727:
8417:
8125:
8042:
8010:
7991:
7390:
7371:
7244:
7007:
6883:
6835:
6779:
6724:
6673:
6582:
6539:, where their art display, according to
6396:
4863:Two statues caciques sitting on stools;
4205:
3282:Classic Veracruz Culture § Ceramics
3097:An "elongated man" figurine, dark green
2965:
2609:
2585:Chumash Painted Cave State Historic Park
2209:has flourished into contemporary times.
2153:Seminole patchwork fringed dance shawl,
1298:Toy Angakkuq (shaman); 6 February 1998;
844:
11394:Native American Art Studies Association
11292:Bernal, I; Coe, M; et al. (1973).
11074:
10698:
10614:
9736:Cherokees discuss native plant society.
9448:
9446:
9234:
8871:
8869:
8621:from the original on 13 September 2009.
8563:Timeline of Native American art history
8230:weaver from Chile, and Martha Gradolf (
4702:Two lobster-shaped pendants; 700–1550;
4037:Central America and "Intermediate area"
3738:Figure of a seated commander; 300–600;
2970:Map of the Mesoamerican cultural region
2212:Buffalo was the preferred material for
1959:, and many other southeastern peoples.
918:, who have great cultural overlap with
14:
12257:
11276:Rushing III, W. Jackson (ed.) (1999).
11227:Art of the Andes: from Chavín to Inca.
10991:Santa Fe: Museum of New Mexico Press.
10900:New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
10669:
10485:. 15 March 2011. Retrieved 15 May 2011
10444:21–28 June 2002. Retrieved 15 May 2011
10333:Seminole Clothing: Colorful Patchwork.
10194:
10192:
9866:
9619:
9617:
9166:The Journal of California Anthropology
9159:
8901:National Museum of the American Indian
8441:National Museum of the American Indian
7831:National Museum of the American Indian
7283:National Museum of the American Indian
6615:, filtering plates of certain whales.
6203:Inca Empire § Arts and technology
4193:Hunter-gatherer tribes throughout the
4170:Pre-Columbian art § South America
3611:Toltec bird carving in granite at Tula
3286:In his 1957 book on Mesoamerican art,
2767:, multi-story settlements carved from
2517:National Museum of the American Indian
1772:National Museum of the American Indian
1537:National Museum of the American Indian
11609:
11402:
11248:Berlo, Janet C.; et al. (1998).
10730:
10678:
10649:
10462:
10245:27 July 2006. Retrieved 11 April 2009
10165:
10163:
10023:
9191:
9189:
9187:
9155:
9153:
9151:
9011:
8986:
8840:
8724:
8680:
8608:
8246:Cultural sensitivity and repatriation
8144:are woven by Navajo women today from
7588:. These shops have experimented with
6571:, and Mexico, most famously with the
6421:Fernando de Alva Cortés Ixtlilxóchitl
5836:Beaker cups; 9th-11th century; gold;
5515:Ceremonial headdress; 300–600; gold,
5502:Moche culture § Material culture
3909:Bibliothèque de l'Assemblée Nationale
3464:occupied the south of Mexico, all of
2398:bag with contour beadwork, c. 1850-60
1367:moosehair tufting on beaded hide box,
11304:Gardiner, Susannah (25 April 2022).
11199:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
10786:
10768:. Indian Country Today Media Network
10542:"Indian Arts and Crafts Act of 1935"
10401:"Katsinam from the IARC Collection."
10370:Martha (Marty) Gradolf: Idea Weaver.
10227:Crow's Shadow Institute of the Arts.
10133:, Volume 24, No. 3, 2007, pp. 41–47"
9443:
9432:
9036:
8866:
8424:The Exposition of Indian Tribal Arts
6940:Roger Amerman, Marcus' brother, and
6773:, colored in vivid full-spectrum of
2980:The cultural development of ancient
2706:and others, are seen at present day
2702:and later tribes' creations, in the
2450:), California, 30" diam., c. 1931-35
1853:Clay female figurines, Poverty Point
1839:Clay cooking utensils, Poverty Point
1774:. Graves is also the illustrator of
1642:and nearby coastal tribes fashioned
1567:
11079:. Vancouver: Douglas and McIntyre.
10885:Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2005.
10679:Snell, Travis (18 September 2008).
10650:Maher, Savannah (11 October 2023).
10531:3 March 2011. Retrieved 15 May 2011
10331:Blackard, David M. and Patsy West.
10189:
10009:Women Artists of the American West.
9614:
9102:Dec 2000. Retrieved 29 January 2010
9071:from the State Archives of Florida.
8337:within the United States under the
7305:, pulls from the tradition of the "
7249:Performance art by Wayne Gaussoin (
7143:Metallurgy in pre-Columbian America
5816:
3347:Stone head of a woman from El Tajin
2461:caves, and effigy figurines.
1794:inhabited portions of the state of
1646:from shells and string; these were
24:
11909:
11637:Indigenous peoples of the Americas
11467:
11241:
11140:Edmonia Lewis: Wildfire in Marble.
10957:
10707:
10160:
9184:
9148:
8631:
8452:Indian Arts and Crafts Act of 1990
8191:and to dye the wool; 215 hours to
8090:or traditional blouses. Elaborate
7240:
6281:(Cave of the Painted Rock) in the
4886:in Museum of the Americas (Madrid)
4108:, 15th-16th-century bowl used for
2533:. One of the largest densities of
2224:, which sometimes served as maps.
1638:From the 12th century onward, the
1411:
1188:sculptures for sale in the south.
908:Indigenous peoples of the Americas
66:, Maya, circa 11th or 12th century
25:
12296:
11317:
11214:Krefeld: Deutsches Textilmuseum.
11127:Vienna: ZKF Publishers: 129–143.
10631:. U.S. Department of the Interior
10548:. U.S. Department of the Interior
10105:Our People, Our Land, Our Images.
8875:Crawford and Kelley, pp. 496–497.
8684:Journal of Archaeological Science
8655:Associated Press (22 June 2011).
8133:shawl made by Susie Cypress from
7815:Institute of American Indian Arts
7563:created a graphic art program in
7555:Printmaking has flourished among
7255:Museum of Contemporary Native Art
7028:tradition of polychrome pottery.
6522:Carlisle Indian Industrial School
4163:
3266:; National Museum of Anthropology
3181:, containing some of the largest
3136:Jade mask; 10th–6th century BCE;
2543:Big and Little Petroglyph Canyons
2522:California has a large number of
2111:Eagle totem, Fort Center, Florida
1798:from 2000 to 1000 BCE during the
1620:was dominated by cultures of the
1052:dating back to 9250 to 8550 BCE.
11684:
11280:New York and London: Routledge.
11189:
11061:Hopi Photographers: Hopi Images.
10854:
10816:
10803:
10780:
10753:
10724:
10643:
10585:
10560:
10534:
10518:
10503:
10488:
10471:
10447:
10432:"The Selling of Indian Culture."
10424:
10409:
10394:
10378:
10362:
10348:
10325:
10309:
10294:
10285:
10276:
10263:
10248:
9273:. 2007. Retrieved 14 August 2010
8930:"Poverty Point-2000 to 1000 BCE"
8740:. University of Oklahoma Press.
8479:
8465:
8414:Indigenous designs and artwork.
8175:to create a rug or blanket from
7969:
7946:
7920:
7221:
7203:
7183:
7157:
6377:
6354:
6345:, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi,
6333:
6318:
6245:
6231:
6213:
6180:
6174:Los Angeles County Museum of Art
6155:
6140:
6119:
6105:
6084:
6070:Los Angeles County Museum of Art
6041:
6019:
6014:in.); Metropolitan Museum of Art
5997:
5971:
5944:
5930:
5912:
5883:
5878:in.); Metropolitan Museum of Art
5861:
5845:
5829:
5796:
5768:
5748:
5732:
5701:
5686:
5668:in.); Metropolitan Museum of Art
5651:
5631:
5611:
5585:
5552:
5524:
5508:
5478:
5457:
5422:
5401:
5371:
5351:
5331:
5307:
5279:
5233:
5220:Ancestor statue with six faces;
5213:
5201:
5157:
5131:
5119:
5099:
5066:
5040:
5028:
5008:
5002:Zenú § Pre-Columbian period
4979:
4963:
4940:
4916:
4891:
4876:
4856:
4840:
4805:
4798:Los Angeles County Museum of Art
4755:
4743:
4728:
4695:
4679:
4629:
4614:
4585:
4569:
4544:
4511:
4499:
4486:Pendant; 1st-7th century; gold;
4479:
4455:
4436:Los Angeles County Museum of Art
4393:
4363:
4347:
4314:
4307:Los Angeles County Museum of Art
4268:
4253:
4238:
4142:
4118:
4092:
4075:Duho (Ceremonial wooden stool),
4067:
3979:
3948:
3892:
3861:
3839:
3830:
3821:
3812:
3783:
3778:; height: 35.56 cm (14 in.)
3767:
3747:
3731:
3706:
3682:
3667:
3641:
3616:
3604:
3590:
3568:
3545:
3525:
3509:
3485:
3412:
3400:
3388:
3374:
3340:
3328:
3318:Male-female duality figure from
3310:
3296:
3255:
3228:
3216:
3201:
3129:
3107:
3089:
3073:
2941:
2916:
2890:
2763:Southwest architecture includes
2667:
2653:
2635:
2620:
2435:
2418:
2404:
2387:
2294:
2268:
2254:
2237:
2145:
2131:
2117:
2103:
2025:
2004:
1986:
1964:
1859:
1845:
1831:
1810:valleys. Vessels were made from
1728:
1710:
1693:
1669:
1543:
1524:
1505:
1481:
1396:
1376:
1356:
1291:
1268:
1249:
1218:
1139:
1117:
1099:
1076:
1028:, in an area where human bones (
56:
38:
11595:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex
11326:, Mexico City, Mexico, islc.net
11324:National Museum of Anthropology
11212:Aymara-Bolivianische Textilien.
11155:Mesoamerica and Central America
11097:Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
10232:
10220:
10205:
10176:
10151:
10121:
10096:
10087:
10074:
10059:
10044:
10035:
10014:
9999:
9977:
9955:
9946:
9931:
9912:
9903:
9888:
9879:
9860:
9851:
9842:
9839:. 2009. Retrieved 13 March 2009
9826:
9803:
9794:
9785:
9776:
9767:
9762:Leadership for a Changing World
9744:
9728:
9725:. 2008. Retrieved 16 March 2009
9705:
9683:
9661:
9652:
9630:
9605:
9590:
9581:
9572:
9563:
9560:Wolfe, pp. 12, 14, 108, and 120
9554:
9545:
9536:
9513:
9504:
9495:
9486:
9462:
9417:
9406:
9367:
9358:
9349:
9323:
9298:
9293:Minnesota State Museum, Mankato
9276:
9254:
9228:
9143:The Online Nevada Encyclopedia.
9132:
9123:
9114:
9105:
9090:
9074:
9055:
9030:
9005:
8980:
8969:
8943:
8889:
8878:
8825:
8816:
8807:
8516:List of Native American artists
7811:Warms Springs Chiricahua Apache
6965:Juanita Growing Thunder Fogarty
6327:Serra da Capivara National Park
6199:Inca § Arts and technology
6077:
5173:
4262:San Agustín Archaeological Park
4247:San Agustín Archaeological Park
3968:National Museum of Anthropology
3676:National Museum of Anthropology
3518:National Museum of Anthropology
3249:National Museum of Anthropology
2962:Mesoamerica and Central America
2168:
2139:Wooden mask, Key Marco, Florida
1902:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex
12265:Indigenous art of the Americas
11360:Buffalo Bill Historical Center
11142:Parsippany, NJ: Dillon Press.
10681:"Art act in effect at holiday"
10215:The Ohio Channel Media Center.
9533:. 2006. Retrieved 1 March 2009
9082:"Peoples of the Great Plains".
8976:Mississippian Period: Overview
8798:
8770:
8754:
8674:
8648:
8625:
8602:
8580:
8135:Big Cypress Indian Reservation
7523:
7361:
6787:woman selling coiled baskets,
5467:double spout and bridge vessel
5093:Tairona § Arts and crafts
4225:
3472:, and the western portions of
3243:, turquoise, shell, coral and
3169:
3003:
2869:In the 1850s, Navajos adopted
2718:'s artists are represented in
2708:Buckhorn Draw Pictograph Panel
2558:rock art of the Chumash people
2498:Native American basket weavers
2466:Native Americans in California
2155:Big Cypress Indian Reservation
1900:. Many were involved with the
1881:flourished in what is now the
13:
1:
11376:, Oklahoma Historical Society
11332:, Metropolitan Museum of Art
11063:Sun Tracks, Tucson, Arizona.
10896:Levenson, Jay A., ed. (1991)
10870:
10840:10.1080/00043249.2017.1367190
10515:. René R. Gadacz. 03/03/2012.
10495:"Frequently Asked Questions."
10479:"Shows That Defy Stereotypes"
10457:Crystal Links: Navajo Nation.
10404:School for Advanced Research.
10260:2003. Retrieved 11 April 2009
10157:Masayesva and Younger, p. 42.
9900:2008. Retrieved 13 March 2009
8989:Indian Art of Ancient Florida
8863:. 2001. Retrieved 15 May 2011
8792:10.1126/science.275.5308.1948
8609:Rawls, Sandra (4 June 2009).
8590:. Past Horizons. 23 June 2011
6857:Subarctic tribes such as the
6595:, Chile, photo by Jim Cadwell
5338:Chavin crown; 1200 BCE-1 CE (
4646:in.), width: 94.4 cm (37
4527:
4420:in.), depth: 10.32 cm (4
4410:in.), width: 19.05 cm (7
4295:in.), depth: 17.46 cm (6
4285:in.), width: 19.05 cm (7
4104:, ironwood with shell inlay,
3792:Leipzig Museum of Ethnography
2455:
2248:dress with fully beaded yoke.
1405:Museum of Anthropology at UBC
1256:A carved representation of a
1083:A petroglyph of a caravan of
45:Crooked Beak of Heaven Mask,
11350:, Metropolitan Museum of Art
11344:, Metropolitan Museum of Art
11338:, Metropolitan Museum of Art
11184:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
11138:Wolfe, Rinna Evelyn (1998).
10629:Indian Arts and Crafts Board
10546:Indian Arts and Crafts Board
10510:"Repatriation of Artifacts."
10084:2008. Retrieved 5 March 2009
9834:Focus Artists: Teri Greeves.
9375:"The British Museum Website"
9331:"The British Museum Website"
8897:"NMAI Indian Humor – Graves"
8574:
8501:Indian Arts and Crafts Board
8373:Indian Arts and Crafts Board
8367:Intellectual property rights
7817:. His two sons, Phillip and
7752:
7642:Irene Avaalaaqiaq Tiktaalaaq
7167:hair comb, by Bruce Caeser (
6980:Northeastern Woodland tribes
6922:. Another Kiowa beadworker,
6559:art movements flourished in
6370:Memorial dos Povos Indígenas
4358:; Metropolitan Museum of Art
4060:
3937:. The 13-day-signs of this
3899:The original page 13 of the
3210:Great Goddess of Teotihuacan
2838:Within the last millennium,
2683:
1722:site of the Hopewell culture
1314:
940:are unique to the Americas.
7:
11367:from the collection of the
11229:London: Thames and Hudson.
11026:Phoenix, AZ: Heard Museum.
11005:New York: Harry N. Abrams.
10967:; Ruth B. Phillips (1998).
10915:New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
10712:. Christian Science Monitor
10304:Indigenous Art from Panamá.
9943:2009. Retrieved 17 May 2009
9867:Indyke, Dottie (May 2001).
9235:Cameron, Constance (2000).
9087:. Retrieved 29 January 2010
8496:Archaeology of the Americas
8458:
8291:for public display, as are
7981:
7911:) studied sculpture at the
7177:Oklahoma Historical Society
6997:
6831:
6710:, known for her biography,
6611:artists weave baskets from
6578:
6496:Credit River Indian Reserve
6262:
5924:'s Semi-subterranean Temple
5899:
5208:Parrot figure; 4000-1500 BC
5188:
4827:
4656:in.), depth: 78 cm (30
4623:stone spheres of Costa Rica
4154:court petroglyph, Caguana,
4049:The ancient peoples of the
2163:
1741:wampum belt given from the
10:
12301:
11001:Dubin, Lois Sherr (1999).
10875:
10513:The Canadian Encyclopedia.
10345:.. Retrieved 11 April 2009
9869:"Native Arts: Jamie Okuma"
9823:.. Retrieved 13 March 2009
9800:Berlo and Phillips, p. 146
9702:.. Retrieved 16 March 2009
9295:. Retrieved 14 August 2010
9160:HOOVER, ROBERT L. (1974).
8987:Purdy, Barbara A. (1996).
8885:Newark Museum – Collection
8588:"Ice Age Art from Florida"
8445:Metropolitan Museum of Art
8382:Indian Arts and Crafts Act
8356:
8187:; 60 hours to prepare the
7985:
7928:For Life in all Directions
7379:(Peru), photo of a man at
7365:
7352:Bringing It All Back Home,
7231:carved by Benny Pokemire (
7140:
7136:
7001:
6573:Mexican Muralist movements
6266:
6196:
6149:Metropolitan Museum of Art
6133:
5990:Metropolitan Museum of Art
5962:
5938:Anthropomorphic receptacle
5903:
5838:Metropolitan Museum of Art
5820:
5741:Metropolitan Museum of Art
5723:
5717:
5695:Metropolitan Museum of Art
5677:
5604:Metropolitan Museum of Art
5576:
5565:Metropolitan Museum of Art
5531:Pottery that represents a
5499:
5394:
5298:
5192:
5177:
5150:Metropolitan Museum of Art
5090:
5086:
5059:Metropolitan Museum of Art
4999:
4956:Metropolitan Museum of Art
4950:; 10th-16th century; from
4907:
4831:
4737:Metropolitan Museum of Art
4719:
4605:
4531:
4520:Metropolitan Museum of Art
4446:
4386:Metropolitan Museum of Art
4338:
4229:
4167:
4027:
4017:
3923:
3852:
3803:
3799:
3722:
3718:
3632:
3449:
3431:
3352:
3275:
3162:Metropolitan Museum of Art
3025:
3007:
2973:
2812:techniques centuries ago.
2720:Dinosaur National Monument
2687:
2203:porcupine quill embroidery
1898:shell as a tempering agent
1421:
1415:
1148:
958:
12230:
12157:
12075:
11992:
11983:
11953:
11876:
11846:
11816:
11785:
11778:
11727:
11693:
11682:
11643:
11567:
11519:
11478:
11465:
11436:
11093:Porter, Frank W. (1988).
10987:Dalrymple, Larry (2000).
10970:Native North American Art
10911:Mann, Charles C. (2005).
10391:. Retrieved 28 March 2009
10343:Seminole Tribe of Florida
10306:. Retrieved 28 March 2009
10258:Cherokee Heritage Trails.
9857:Berlo and Phillips, p. 87
9848:Berlo and Phillips, p. 32
9791:Berlo and Philips, p. 151
9741:. Retrieved 16 March 2009
9718:21 September 2008 at the
9680:. Retrieved 16 March 2009
9649:. Retrieved 16 March 2009
9468:Bartholomew Dean. (2009)
9261:"Ancestral Hopi Pottery".
8704:10.1016/j.jas.2011.05.022
8541:Paraguayan indigenous art
8378:Indigenous identity fraud
8363:Cultural misappropriation
8359:Indigenous identity fraud
8224:Lorena Lemunguier Quezada
8033:Antonio Quijarro Province
8031:culture today. Coroma in
7997:Lorena Lemunguier Quezada
7956:traditional woodcarving,
6741:, and Venezuelan tribes.
6718:was a highly influential
6482:African-Ojibwe sculptor,
6341:Ceramic zoomorphic vase,
5958:
5673:
5572:
5301:Chavín culture § Art
5294:
4988:Colombian National Museum
4903:
4715:
4601:
4442:
4334:
4021:. This jar, covered with
4009:
4001:
3806:Huastec people § Art
3628:
3561:
3140:; height: 17.1 cm (6
3010:Mesoamerican architecture
2935:, c. 700 CE–1100 CE
2537:in North America, by the
2173:Tribes have lived on the
1776:The People Shall Continue
1335:, and to a lesser extent
1144:
11210:Siegal, William (1991).
11075:Shearar, Cheryl (2000).
10746:10.4000/perspective.6004
10243:Native Peoples Magazine.
10229:. Retrieved 5 March 2009
10217:. Retrieved 5 March 2009
10118:. Retrieved 1 March 2009
10056:. Retrieved 5 March 2009
9996:.. Retrieved 17 May 2009
9974:.. Retrieved 17 May 2009
9602:. Retrieved 1 March 2009
9492:Berlo and Phillips, 209.
9214:10.1179/cal.2009.1.2.183
9012:Brown, Robin C. (1994).
8352:
7913:Art Institute of Chicago
6974:, a cylindrical tube of
6737:, Cherokee, Chitimacha,
6698:(Pomo), Laura Somersal (
6591:basket, woven by Abuela
6518:Arts and Crafts movement
6387:featherwork and body art
6279:Caverna da Pedra Pintada
5854:Art Institute of Chicago
5495:
5450:
5180:Norte Chico civilization
4766:; height: 8.9 cm (3
3848:
3740:Art Institute of Chicago
3649:Mixtec king and warlord
3272:Classic Veracruz Culture
3177:was a city built in the
3021:
2589:Burro Flats Painted Cave
2574:San Luis Obispo Counties
2192:Plains Coalescent period
1994:Engraved stone palette,
1930:Long-nosed god maskettes
1436:Haida argillite carvings
1306:bone & feathers; by
1228:basket with whale tooth
1050:Caverna da Pedra Pintada
955:Lithic and Archaic stage
894:
888:
882:
876:
870:
864:
858:
852:
12285:Native American history
11108:Ryan, Allan J. (1999).
11037:Hill, Sarah H. (1997).
10787:King, Duane H. (2009).
10524:Toensing, Gale Courey.
10500:. Retrieved 15 May 2011
10459:. Retrieved 16 May 2011
10421:. Retrieved 15 May 2011
10406:. Retrieved 15 May 2011
10375:Retrieved 28 March 2009
10269:Stone-Miller, Rebecca.
10071:. Retrieved 3 June 2014
10011:. Retrieved 17 May 2009
9756:4 December 2008 at the
9266:8 February 2008 at the
9145:. Retrieved 17 May 2010
9129:Berlo and Phillips, 136
9120:Berlo and Phillips, 132
9111:Berlo and Phillips, 131
8849:Shenadoah, Chief Leon.
8531:Native American pottery
8526:Native American jewelry
8521:Native American fashion
8315:False Face Society mask
8047:Kuna woman with molas,
8019:, Guatemala, c. 2006–07
7654:coat of arms of Nunavut
7552:, and other practices.
7198:), New Mexico, c. 1980s
7147:Native American jewelry
7058:(c. 1860 – 1942) was a
6469:Iroquois Realist School
6437:cabinets of curiosities
6393:Modern and contemporary
6269:Weaving § Amazonia
6192:
6095:gold apparel, 1300 CE,
5809:Cleveland Museum of Art
5713:
5017:Cleveland Museum of Art
4995:
4488:Cleveland Museum of Art
4466:; 23.4 x 25.7 cm;
4083:, 1000-1500 CE, carved
3931:
3456:San Bartolo (Maya site)
3427:
2647:of northern California.
2514:Smithsonian Institution
2316:Great Basin and Plateau
2041:(Mississippian culture)
2019:(Mississippian culture)
1980:(Mississippian culture)
1718:Copper falcon from the
945:cabinets of curiosities
11472:
11380:Native Arts Collective
11112:Vancouver: UBC Press.
10131:Blackflash: Seeing Red
10111:29 August 2008 at the
9941:Fine Mexican Ceramics.
9898:Elizabeth James Perry.
9873:Southwest Art Magazine
9700:Hands Around the World
9678:Hands Around the World
9510:Levenson, pp. 554–555.
9202:California Archaeology
9067:6 October 2008 at the
9037:Hahn, John H. (2003).
9014:Florida's First People
8138:
8055:
8020:
8008:
7494:Hulleah Tsinhnahjinnie
7416:Annette Island, Alaska
7399:
7388:
7325:Inupiaq throat singing
7257:
7041:Eastern Band Cherokees
7035:In the Southeast, the
7024:continues the ancient
7013:
6889:
6841:
6791:
6730:
6682:
6596:
6548:Santa Fe Indian Market
6467:movement known as the
6402:
6292:, at the mouth of the
4865:Museum of the Americas
4003:Museo del Templo Mayor
3939:
3915:
3907:
3651:Eight Deer Jaguar Claw
3395:Ceramic Zapotec vessel
3045:, and the erection of
2971:
2615:
2547:Coso Rock Art District
2052:, on the west side of
1918:repoussé copper plates
1871:weights, Poverty Point
1786:Southeastern Woodlands
1653:Iroquois people carve
1618:Middle Woodland period
1573:Northeastern Woodlands
1556:Museum of the Americas
1242:Honolulu Museum of Art
1109:Coso Rock Art District
899:
878: Isthmo-Colombian
255:Art of the Middle East
11963:European colonization
11471:
11225:Stone-Miller (2002).
11022:Hessel, Ingo (2006).
10529:Indian Country Today.
10416:"Birch Bark Scrolls."
10338:16 March 2008 at the
9994:Houston North Gallery
9972:Arts of the Southwest
9695:10 March 2009 at the
9673:27 March 2009 at the
9452:Wilford, John Noble.
8861:Peace 4 Turtle Island
8835:Native Art in Canada.
8760:Wilford, John Noble.
8556:List of Stone Age art
8506:Indian Space Painters
8418:Museum representation
8404:intellectual property
8357:Further information:
8156:, who co-founded the
8129:
8069:are famous for their
8046:
8017:Santa Catarina Palopó
8015:Kaqchikel Maya sash,
8014:
7995:
7909:Eastern Band Cherokee
7888:) and Marvin Oliver (
7821:are sculptors today.
7634:Kananginak Pootoogook
7394:
7375:
7248:
7233:Eastern Band Cherokee
7090:(1915–1994) invented
7011:
6992:Eastern Band Cherokee
6984:Elizabeth James-Perry
6887:
6839:
6783:
6728:
6702:), and the late Pomo-
6677:
6628:Eastern Band Cherokee
6586:
6400:
6068:in.); from Colombia;
5640:Kloster Allerheiligen
4834:Quimbaya civilization
4206:Isthmo-Colombian Area
4129:, Taíno petroglyphs,
3964:Mexico City Cathedral
3869:Double-headed serpent
3713:Mixtec incense burner
3693:stone mosaic-work at
3653:(right) meeting with
3054:colossal basalt heads
2969:
2643:A basket made by the
2613:
2583:includes examples at
2178:southern plains, the
1879:Mississippian culture
1816:Appalachian foothills
1792:Poverty Point culture
1331:, dated to 5000 BCE.
1063:(painted images) and
925:, are also included.
848:
378:Art of Southeast Asia
85:Periods and movements
11676:Solutrean hypothesis
11506:Precolonial painting
11444:Art history timeline
11310:Smithsonian Magazine
11056:Vol. 83, 4: 740–756.
10766:Indian Country Today
10437:17 July 2011 at the
9989:23 June 2009 at the
9895:Original Wampum Art.
9642:13 June 2010 at the
9531:The Cherokee Phoenix
9355:Covarrubias, p. 193.
9271:Arizona State Museum
8856:12 July 2013 at the
8397:federally recognized
8289:culturally sensitive
8238:) and Melissa Cody (
7789:are known for their
7746:Umatilla Reservation
7614:Germaine Arnaktauyok
7565:Cape Dorset, Nunavut
7467:Cape Dorset, Nunavut
7072:San Ildefonso Pueblo
5360:Dallas Museum of Art
5166:Musée du Quai Branly
4688:Musée du quai Branly
4462:Pectoral; 1 CE-550;
3956:Aztec calendar stone
3913:(Paris). This 13th
3774:Sculpture; 700–900;
3659:Codex Zouche-Nuttall
3623:Toltec turtle vessel
3492:Classic Period Maya
3183:pyramidal structures
3150:in.), width: 16.5 (6
2831:, a subgroup of the
2827:or Pima tribes. The
2704:Barrier Canyon Style
2214:Plains hide painting
2065:southwestern Florida
1814:which came from the
1633:Late Woodland period
1474:transformation masks
1284:Musée du quai Branly
1127:Columbia River Gorge
12270:Native American art
12062:Trinidad and Tobago
11374:American Indian Art
11195:Ades, Dawn (2006).
11178:Covarrubias, Miguel
10824:Ash-Milby, Kathleen
10483:Wall Street Journal
10212:Jose Santos Chavez.
10006:Nora Naranjo-Morse.
9967:5 July 2008 at the
9938:Mata Otriz Pottery.
9925:31 May 2009 at the
9816:18 May 2008 at the
9526:7 June 2012 at the
9288:4 June 2010 at the
9138:Garey-Sage, Darla.
9085:Indiana University.
8786:(5308): 1948–1952.
8696:2011JArSc..38.2908P
8303:Navajo sandpainting
8169:Many Farms, Arizona
8146:Navajo-Churro sheep
7648:. Inuit printmaker
7465:, 1902–1973), from
7428:Park Hill, Oklahoma
7292:On the other hand,
7175:), Oklahoma, 1984,
7092:storyteller figures
6617:Grand Traverse Band
4232:San Agustín culture
4156:Utuado, Puerto Rico
2911:, c. 700 CE–1425 CE
2873:from the Mexicans.
2798:, began 1080 years
2731:Ancestral Puebloans
2700:Ancestral Puebloans
1867:Carved gorgets and
1780:Lee & Low Books
1418:Northwest Coast art
1232:, by George Omnik (
1026:Vero Beach, Florida
991:Paleo-Indian period
564:Art of the Americas
303:Art of Central Asia
18:Native American art
12222:In popular culture
11973:Columbian exchange
11968:Population history
11694:Mythology/Religion
11473:
11449:Individual artists
11166:The Museum Journal
10926:Nottage, James H.
10811:The New York Times
10386:Ramona Sakiestewa.
10238:Tall Chief, Russ.
9587:Hutchinson, p. 754
9578:Hutchinson, p. 742
9569:Hutchinson, p. 740
9551:Sturtevant, p. 129
9381:on 18 October 2015
9337:on 18 October 2015
9310:www.britannica.com
8957:on 7 February 2009
8632:Viegas, Jennifer.
8487:Visual arts portal
8285:birch bark scrolls
8204:Ravenstail weaving
8139:
8131:Seminole patchwork
8061:tribal members of
8056:
8021:
8009:
7958:Amambay Department
7936:Santa Clara Pueblo
7874:Preston Singletary
7827:Santa Clara Pueblo
7787:Dominican Republic
7510:C.N. Gorman Museum
7400:
7389:
7258:
7151:Mapuche silverwork
7122:Nora Naranjo-Morse
7118:Santa Clara Pueblo
7103:Makituk Pingwartok
7022:Mata Ortiz pottery
7014:
6988:Aquinnah Wampanoag
6890:
6842:
6826:Terrol Dew Johnson
6792:
6769:baskets, known as
6731:
6683:
6669:Terrol Dew Johnson
6638:conceptual artist
6597:
6403:
6306:indigenous peoples
6275:indigenous peoples
5890:Ceremonial knife (
5781:Kimbell Art Museum
5620:Walters Art Museum
5486:An example of the
5320:Museo de la Nación
5108:Walters Art Museum
5075:Walters Art Museum
4884:Quimbaya airplanes
4668:Walters Art Museum
4563:Walters Art Museum
4135:Dominican Republic
4106:Dominican Republic
3794:(Leipzig, Germany)
3790:Heads; circa 900;
3699:Frank Lloyd Wright
3335:Veracruz altar urn
3288:Miguel Covarrubias
3038:first civilization
2972:
2815:Around 200 CE the
2674:Late 19th-century
2616:
2506:Harvard University
2476:by artists in the
2352:Great Basin tribes
2276:Ledger drawing of
2180:Cooper Bison Skull
2035:underwater panther
1934:Plaquemine culture
1703:Hopewell tradition
1622:Hopewell tradition
1386:painted hide tipi,
1046:Cooper Bison Skull
900:
866: Aridoamerica
190:Post-Impressionism
12275:Pre-Columbian art
12252:
12251:
12153:
12152:
11949:
11948:
11872:
11871:
11842:
11841:
11656:Pre-Columbian era
11603:
11602:
11459:Women in the arts
11235:978-0-500-20363-7
11220:978-1-135-96629-4
11205:978-0-300-04561-1
11133:978-3-9811620-0-4
11086:978-1-55054-782-5
11069:978-0-8165-0804-4
11032:978-1-55365-189-5
10980:978-0-19-284218-3
10951:978-0-660-18749-5
10936:978-0-295-98781-1
10891:978-1-57607-517-3
10708:Eulich, Whitney.
10373:Our Brown County.
9885:Dubin, p. 170-171
9481:978-0-8130-3378-5
9100:Native Geography.
9048:978-0-8130-2645-9
9023:978-1-56164-032-4
8998:978-0-8130-1462-3
8747:978-0-8061-3053-8
8690:(11): 2908–2913.
8546:Pre-Columbian art
7932:Roxanne Swentzell
7823:Roxanne Swentzell
7714:Linda Lomahaftewa
7618:Pitseolak Ashoona
7194:by Tommy Singer (
7114:Roxanne Swentzell
7049:Jereldine Redcorn
6818:emerald ash borer
6712:Weaving the Dream
6593:Cristina Calderón
6514:Hampton Institute
6431:of Peru featured
6207:Inca architecture
4592:Gold plaque from
4195:Amazon rainforest
3462:Maya civilization
3442:Maya architecture
3365:, in present-day
1624:(200–500). Their
1609:designs, created
1583:Mississippi River
1579:Eastern Woodlands
1568:Eastern Woodlands
1496:, Alaska, in the
1432:Kwakwaka'wakw art
1424:Alaska Native art
1370:Fairbanks, Alaska
1325:Subarctic peoples
1190:Greenlandic Inuit
1155:Alaska Native Art
961:Pre-Columbian art
949:pre-Columbian art
872: Mesoamerica
843:
842:
353:Art of South Asia
16:(Redirected from
12292:
12280:Mesoamerican art
11990:
11989:
11907:
11906:
11783:
11782:
11725:
11724:
11688:
11630:
11623:
11616:
11607:
11606:
11423:
11416:
11409:
11400:
11399:
11313:
11299:
11267:
11185:
11173:
11090:
10984:
10865:
10858:
10852:
10851:
10820:
10814:
10807:
10801:
10800:
10793:Tulsa Law Review
10784:
10778:
10777:
10775:
10773:
10757:
10751:
10750:
10748:
10728:
10722:
10721:
10719:
10717:
10705:
10696:
10695:
10693:
10691:
10685:Cherokee Phoenix
10676:
10667:
10666:
10664:
10662:
10647:
10641:
10640:
10638:
10636:
10621:
10612:
10611:
10609:
10607:
10597:
10589:
10583:
10582:
10580:
10578:
10564:
10558:
10557:
10555:
10553:
10538:
10532:
10522:
10516:
10507:
10501:
10492:
10486:
10477:Rosenbaum, Lee.
10475:
10469:
10466:
10460:
10454:"Sand Painting."
10451:
10445:
10430:Potter, Dottie.
10428:
10422:
10413:
10407:
10398:
10392:
10384:Indyke, Dottie.
10382:
10376:
10366:
10360:
10359:
10352:
10346:
10329:
10323:
10313:
10307:
10298:
10292:
10291:Siegal, p. 15-16
10289:
10283:
10280:
10274:
10271:Art of the Andes
10267:
10261:
10252:
10246:
10236:
10230:
10224:
10218:
10209:
10203:
10196:
10187:
10180:
10174:
10167:
10158:
10155:
10149:
10148:
10146:
10144:
10135:. Archived from
10125:
10119:
10100:
10094:
10091:
10085:
10078:
10072:
10063:
10057:
10048:
10042:
10039:
10033:
10030:
10021:
10018:
10012:
10003:
9997:
9981:
9975:
9959:
9953:
9950:
9944:
9935:
9929:
9919:Vision of Brazil
9916:
9910:
9907:
9901:
9892:
9886:
9883:
9877:
9876:
9864:
9858:
9855:
9849:
9846:
9840:
9832:Lopez, Antonio.
9830:
9824:
9807:
9801:
9798:
9792:
9789:
9783:
9780:
9774:
9771:
9765:
9748:
9742:
9739:Cherokee Phoenix
9732:
9726:
9709:
9703:
9687:
9681:
9665:
9659:
9656:
9650:
9634:
9628:
9621:
9612:
9609:
9603:
9594:
9588:
9585:
9579:
9576:
9570:
9567:
9561:
9558:
9552:
9549:
9543:
9540:
9534:
9517:
9511:
9508:
9502:
9501:Dunn, p. xxviii.
9499:
9493:
9490:
9484:
9466:
9460:
9450:
9441:
9436:
9430:
9421:
9415:
9410:
9404:
9397:
9391:
9390:
9388:
9386:
9377:. Archived from
9371:
9365:
9362:
9356:
9353:
9347:
9346:
9344:
9342:
9333:. Archived from
9327:
9321:
9320:
9318:
9316:
9302:
9296:
9280:
9274:
9258:
9252:
9251:
9241:
9232:
9226:
9225:
9193:
9182:
9181:
9157:
9146:
9136:
9130:
9127:
9121:
9118:
9112:
9109:
9103:
9094:
9088:
9078:
9072:
9059:
9053:
9052:
9034:
9028:
9027:
9009:
9003:
9002:
8984:
8978:
8973:
8967:
8966:
8964:
8962:
8953:. Archived from
8947:
8941:
8940:
8938:
8936:
8926:
8917:
8916:
8914:
8912:
8907:on 26 April 2009
8893:
8887:
8882:
8876:
8873:
8864:
8847:
8838:
8829:
8823:
8820:
8814:
8811:
8805:
8804:Stone-Miller, 17
8802:
8796:
8795:
8774:
8768:
8758:
8752:
8751:
8731:
8722:
8721:
8715:
8707:
8678:
8672:
8671:
8669:
8667:
8652:
8646:
8645:
8643:
8641:
8636:. Discovery News
8629:
8623:
8622:
8615:Vero Beach 32963
8606:
8600:
8599:
8597:
8595:
8584:
8489:
8484:
8483:
8475:
8470:
8469:
8468:
8293:medicine bundles
8209:formline designs
8049:San Blas Islands
7973:
7950:
7924:
7858:Charles Edenshaw
7602:Kenojuak Ashevak
7438:, 1882–1933) of
7432:Richard Throssel
7426:, 1881–1959) of
7420:Jennie Ross Cobb
7404:Benjamin Haldane
7332:anarcha-feminist
7225:
7207:
7187:
7161:
6706:medicine woman,
6500:Ulysses S. Grant
6413:Ancestral Pueblo
6381:
6358:
6343:Santarém culture
6337:
6322:
6249:
6235:
6217:
6184:
6171:
6170:
6166:
6159:
6144:
6123:
6109:
6088:
6067:
6066:
6062:
6057:
6056:
6052:
6045:
6035:
6034:
6030:
6023:
6013:
6012:
6008:
6001:
5987:
5986:
5982:
5975:
5948:
5934:
5916:
5887:
5877:
5876:
5872:
5865:
5849:
5833:
5817:Lambayeque/Sican
5800:
5772:
5752:
5736:
5705:
5690:
5667:
5666:
5662:
5655:
5635:
5615:
5601:
5600:
5596:
5589:
5556:
5528:
5512:
5482:
5461:
5426:
5405:
5375:
5355:
5335:
5311:
5283:
5269:
5268:
5264:
5259:
5258:
5254:
5249:
5248:
5244:
5237:
5217:
5205:
5195:Valdivia culture
5161:
5147:
5146:
5142:
5135:
5123:
5103:
5070:
5056:
5055:
5051:
5044:
5032:
5012:
4983:
4967:
4944:
4920:
4895:
4880:
4860:
4844:
4821:
4820:
4816:
4809:
4795:
4794:
4790:
4785:
4784:
4780:
4775:
4774:
4770:
4759:
4747:
4732:
4699:
4683:
4665:
4664:
4660:
4655:
4654:
4650:
4645:
4644:
4640:
4633:
4618:
4589:
4573:
4560:
4559:
4555:
4548:
4515:
4503:
4483:
4459:
4429:
4428:
4424:
4419:
4418:
4414:
4409:
4408:
4404:
4397:
4379:
4378:
4374:
4367:
4351:
4318:
4304:
4303:
4299:
4294:
4293:
4289:
4284:
4283:
4279:
4272:
4257:
4242:
4146:
4122:
4096:
4071:
4051:Nicoya Peninsula
4042:Greater Chiriqui
4030:
4029:
4020:
4019:
4014:
4013:
4006:
4005:
3998:
3997:
3993:
3983:
3952:
3942:
3936:
3928:
3927:
3920:
3912:
3902:Codex Borbonicus
3896:
3865:
3843:
3834:
3825:
3816:
3787:
3771:
3751:
3735:
3710:
3689:Closeup view of
3686:
3671:
3645:
3620:
3608:
3594:
3572:
3549:
3529:
3513:
3496:, possibly from
3489:
3416:
3404:
3392:
3378:
3344:
3332:
3314:
3300:
3259:
3232:
3220:
3205:
3179:Valley of Mexico
3159:
3158:
3154:
3149:
3148:
3144:
3133:
3111:
3093:
3077:
3032:Olmec § Art
2998:Central American
2945:
2925:Ancestral Pueblo
2920:
2898:Montezuma Castle
2894:
2833:Mogollon culture
2716:Mogollon culture
2712:Horseshoe Canyon
2671:
2657:
2639:
2628:Chumash rock art
2624:
2549:of the northern
2510:Southwest Museum
2448:Mono Lake Paiute
2439:
2422:
2408:
2391:
2358:/Louisa Keyser (
2298:
2272:
2258:
2241:
2157:, Florida, 1980s
2149:
2135:
2121:
2107:
2029:
2008:
1990:
1968:
1863:
1849:
1835:
1732:
1720:Mound City Group
1714:
1697:
1682:Mound City Group
1680:mounds from the
1673:
1655:False Face masks
1599:Deptford culture
1550:Cedar bark hat;
1547:
1528:
1509:
1485:
1466:British Columbia
1458:Washington state
1428:Coast Salish art
1400:
1380:
1360:
1295:
1272:
1253:
1222:
1125:Petroglyph from
1121:
1103:
1080:
1007:Lithic reduction
1003:Projectile point
938:birchbark biting
897:
895:
891:
889:
885:
883:
879:
877:
873:
871:
867:
865:
861:
859:
855:
853:
835:
828:
821:
311:Art of East Asia
73:
72:
60:
42:
21:
12300:
12299:
12295:
12294:
12293:
12291:
12290:
12289:
12255:
12254:
12253:
12248:
12226:
12149:
12071:
11985:
11979:
11955:
11945:
11905:
11868:
11838:
11812:
11774:
11723:
11719:Human sacrifice
11707:List of deities
11689:
11680:
11639:
11634:
11604:
11599:
11585:Northwest Coast
11580:Native American
11563:
11515:
11474:
11463:
11432:
11427:
11356:Online database
11320:
11264:
11244:
11242:Further reading
11192:
11162:Mason, J. Alden
11157:
11087:
11015:Dunn, Dorothy.
10981:
10965:Berlo, Janet C.
10960:
10878:
10873:
10868:
10859:
10855:
10821:
10817:
10808:
10804:
10785:
10781:
10771:
10769:
10758:
10754:
10729:
10725:
10715:
10713:
10706:
10699:
10689:
10687:
10677:
10670:
10660:
10658:
10648:
10644:
10634:
10632:
10623:
10622:
10615:
10605:
10603:
10600:Oklahoma Senate
10595:
10591:
10590:
10586:
10576:
10574:
10566:
10565:
10561:
10551:
10549:
10540:
10539:
10535:
10523:
10519:
10508:
10504:
10493:
10489:
10476:
10472:
10467:
10463:
10452:
10448:
10439:Wayback Machine
10429:
10425:
10414:
10410:
10399:
10395:
10383:
10379:
10368:Perry, Rachel.
10367:
10363:
10354:
10353:
10349:
10340:Wayback Machine
10330:
10326:
10314:
10310:
10299:
10295:
10290:
10286:
10281:
10277:
10268:
10264:
10253:
10249:
10237:
10233:
10225:
10221:
10210:
10206:
10197:
10190:
10181:
10177:
10168:
10161:
10156:
10152:
10142:
10140:
10139:on 6 March 2012
10127:
10126:
10122:
10113:Wayback Machine
10101:
10097:
10092:
10088:
10079:
10075:
10064:
10060:
10054:Marcus Amerman.
10049:
10045:
10040:
10036:
10031:
10024:
10019:
10015:
10004:
10000:
9991:Wayback Machine
9982:
9978:
9969:Wayback Machine
9960:
9956:
9951:
9947:
9936:
9932:
9927:Wayback Machine
9917:
9913:
9908:
9904:
9893:
9889:
9884:
9880:
9865:
9861:
9856:
9852:
9847:
9843:
9831:
9827:
9821:The Bead Museum
9818:Wayback Machine
9809:Hillman, Paul.
9808:
9804:
9799:
9795:
9790:
9786:
9781:
9777:
9772:
9768:
9758:Wayback Machine
9749:
9745:
9734:Dowell, JoKay.
9733:
9729:
9720:Wayback Machine
9711:Church, Kelly.
9710:
9706:
9697:Wayback Machine
9688:
9684:
9675:Wayback Machine
9666:
9662:
9658:Dalrymple, p. 2
9657:
9653:
9644:Wayback Machine
9635:
9631:
9622:
9615:
9610:
9606:
9595:
9591:
9586:
9582:
9577:
9573:
9568:
9564:
9559:
9555:
9550:
9546:
9541:
9537:
9528:Wayback Machine
9518:
9514:
9509:
9505:
9500:
9496:
9491:
9487:
9467:
9463:
9457:New York Times.
9451:
9444:
9437:
9433:
9422:
9418:
9411:
9407:
9398:
9394:
9384:
9382:
9373:
9372:
9368:
9363:
9359:
9354:
9350:
9340:
9338:
9329:
9328:
9324:
9314:
9312:
9304:
9303:
9299:
9290:Wayback Machine
9283:"Chaco Canyon."
9281:
9277:
9268:Wayback Machine
9259:
9255:
9239:
9233:
9229:
9194:
9185:
9158:
9149:
9137:
9133:
9128:
9124:
9119:
9115:
9110:
9106:
9095:
9091:
9079:
9075:
9069:Wayback Machine
9060:
9056:
9049:
9035:
9031:
9024:
9010:
9006:
8999:
8985:
8981:
8974:
8970:
8960:
8958:
8949:
8948:
8944:
8934:
8932:
8928:
8927:
8920:
8910:
8908:
8895:
8894:
8890:
8883:
8879:
8874:
8867:
8858:Wayback Machine
8848:
8841:
8830:
8826:
8821:
8817:
8812:
8808:
8803:
8799:
8775:
8771:
8765:New York Times.
8759:
8755:
8748:
8732:
8725:
8709:
8708:
8679:
8675:
8665:
8663:
8661:Gainesville Sun
8653:
8649:
8639:
8637:
8630:
8626:
8607:
8603:
8593:
8591:
8586:
8585:
8581:
8577:
8572:
8551:Prehistoric art
8485:
8478:
8471:
8466:
8464:
8461:
8420:
8412:misappropriated
8391:passed its own
8389:Cherokee Nation
8369:
8355:
8343:Yale University
8334:Brooklyn Museum
8297:medicine people
8287:are deemed too
8248:
8217:Jennie Thlunaut
8200:Chilkat weaving
8025:Guitarrero Cave
7990:
7984:
7977:
7974:
7965:
7951:
7942:
7925:
7866:Robert Davidson
7755:
7610:Osuitok Ipeelee
7526:
7483:Jean Fredericks
7471:Parker McKenzie
7459:Peter Pitseolak
7424:Cherokee Nation
7383:, published in
7370:
7364:
7336:Mujeres Creando
7271:Venice Biennale
7263:Rebecca Belmore
7243:
7241:Performance art
7236:
7226:
7217:
7208:
7199:
7190:Silver overlay
7188:
7179:
7162:
7153:
7141:Main articles:
7139:
7078:(1898–1992) of
7068:Julian Martinez
7006:
7000:
6834:
6747:Cherokee Nation
6722:basket weaver.
6581:
6550:began in 1922.
6537:Venice Biennale
6449:Cherokee Nation
6408:
6395:
6388:
6382:
6373:
6359:
6350:
6349:
6338:
6329:
6325:Cave painting,
6323:
6271:
6265:
6258:
6257:
6250:
6241:
6240:
6236:
6227:
6226:
6218:
6209:
6197:Main articles:
6195:
6188:
6185:
6176:
6168:
6164:
6163:
6160:
6151:
6145:
6136:
6129:
6128:
6124:
6115:
6114:
6110:
6101:
6100:
6089:
6080:
6073:
6064:
6060:
6059:
6054:
6050:
6049:
6046:
6037:
6032:
6028:
6027:
6024:
6015:
6010:
6006:
6005:
6002:
5993:
5992:(New York City)
5984:
5980:
5979:
5976:
5967:
5961:
5954:
5953:
5949:
5940:
5939:
5935:
5926:
5925:
5917:
5908:
5902:
5895:
5888:
5879:
5874:
5870:
5869:
5866:
5857:
5852:Cup; 900–1100;
5850:
5841:
5840:(New York City)
5834:
5825:
5819:
5812:
5801:
5792:
5773:
5764:
5757:Museum Rietberg
5753:
5744:
5743:(New York City)
5737:
5728:
5722:
5716:
5709:
5706:
5697:
5691:
5682:
5676:
5669:
5664:
5660:
5659:
5656:
5647:
5636:
5627:
5616:
5607:
5606:(New York City)
5598:
5594:
5593:
5590:
5581:
5575:
5568:
5567:(New York City)
5557:
5548:
5535:; ceramic with
5533:Crawling Feline
5529:
5520:
5513:
5504:
5498:
5491:
5490:
5483:
5474:
5473:
5462:
5453:
5446:
5445:
5442:Brooklyn Museum
5427:
5418:
5417:
5406:
5397:
5390:
5376:
5367:
5356:
5347:
5340:Formative Epoch
5336:
5327:
5312:
5303:
5297:
5290:
5284:
5275:
5274:(New York City)
5272:Brooklyn Museum
5266:
5262:
5261:
5256:
5252:
5251:
5246:
5242:
5241:
5238:
5229:
5218:
5209:
5206:
5197:
5191:
5186:
5184:Andean textiles
5176:
5169:
5162:
5153:
5152:(New York City)
5144:
5140:
5139:
5136:
5127:
5124:
5115:
5104:
5095:
5089:
5082:
5071:
5062:
5061:(New York City)
5053:
5049:
5048:
5045:
5036:
5033:
5024:
5013:
5004:
4998:
4991:
4984:
4975:
4968:
4959:
4958:(New York City)
4945:
4936:
4921:
4912:
4906:
4899:
4896:
4887:
4881:
4872:
4861:
4852:
4845:
4836:
4830:
4823:
4818:
4814:
4813:
4810:
4801:
4792:
4788:
4787:
4782:
4778:
4777:
4772:
4768:
4767:
4760:
4751:
4748:
4739:
4733:
4724:
4718:
4711:
4700:
4691:
4684:
4675:
4662:
4658:
4657:
4652:
4648:
4647:
4642:
4638:
4637:
4634:
4625:
4619:
4610:
4604:
4597:
4590:
4581:
4576:Ceramic plate;
4574:
4565:
4557:
4553:
4552:
4549:
4540:
4532:Main articles:
4530:
4523:
4522:(New York City)
4516:
4507:
4504:
4495:
4484:
4475:
4460:
4451:
4445:
4438:
4426:
4422:
4421:
4416:
4412:
4411:
4406:
4402:
4401:
4398:
4389:
4388:(New York City)
4376:
4372:
4371:
4368:
4359:
4352:
4343:
4337:
4330:
4319:
4310:
4301:
4297:
4296:
4291:
4287:
4286:
4281:
4277:
4276:
4273:
4264:
4258:
4249:
4243:
4234:
4228:
4208:
4172:
4166:
4159:
4158:
4147:
4138:
4137:
4131:Lake Enriquillo
4123:
4114:
4113:
4097:
4088:
4087:
4072:
4063:
4039:
4032:
4015:, dedicated to
4007:(Mexico City).
3995:
3991:
3990:
3984:
3975:
3953:
3944:
3897:
3888:
3877:Cedrela odorata
3866:
3857:
3851:
3844:
3835:
3826:
3817:
3808:
3802:
3795:
3788:
3779:
3772:
3763:
3756:Gardiner Museum
3752:
3743:
3736:
3727:
3725:Totonac culture
3721:
3714:
3711:
3702:
3687:
3678:
3672:
3663:
3662:
3646:
3637:
3631:
3624:
3621:
3612:
3609:
3600:
3599:
3595:
3586:
3585:
3573:
3564:
3557:
3556:; 22 August 783
3550:
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3494:eccentric flint
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3264:Chalchiuhtlicue
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3206:
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3164:(New York City)
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2765:Cliff dwellings
2756:famous revived
2696:Fremont culture
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2630:at Painted Cave
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2597:Channel Islands
2564:in present-day
2553:in California.
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1517:Brooklyn Museum
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1440:The art of the
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1412:Northwest Coast
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1054:Guitarrero Cave
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11661:Classification
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11318:External links
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11271:Mark Jarzombek
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10320:Mything Links.
10315:Geise, Paula.
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10093:Nottage, p. 30
10086:
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10066:Out of bounds.
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10041:Nottage, p. 31
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10020:Nottage, p. 25
10013:
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9962:Helen Cordero.
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9519:Chavez, Will.
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9428:(October 2006)
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9080:Pyburn, Anne.
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8177:sheep shearing
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7854:Willie Seaweed
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7742:James Lavadour
7726:Fritz Scholder
7706:Melanie Yazzie
7646:Simon Tookoome
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7340:street theater
7294:Marcus Amerman
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7130:Cochiti Pueblo
7084:Cochiti Pueblo
7002:Main article:
6999:
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6931:Marcus Amerman
6908:Richard Aitson
6833:
6830:
6824:basket weaver
6822:Tohono O'odham
6763:Embera-Wounaan
6626:Pat Gold, and
6604:sea lyme grass
6600:Basket weaving
6580:
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6533:Oscar Jacobson
6461:basket weavers
6457:flint knappers
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5579:Recuay culture
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5412:mantle 200 CE
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5379:Raimondi Stela
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4952:Guatavita Lake
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4047:Greater Nicoya
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3538:British Museum
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3121:British Museum
3114:
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3028:Olmec figurine
3023:
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2915:
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2905:cliff dwelling
2896:
2889:
2871:silversmithing
2825:Akimel O'odham
2821:Tohono O'odham
2800:before present
2724:Newspaper Rock
2685:
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2562:cave paintings
2470:basket weaving
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2372:Nellie Charlie
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2089:Glades culture
2085:Caloosahatchee
2045:
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2024:
2022:
2013:Stone effigies
2011:
2010:
2003:
2001:
1993:
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1985:
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1971:
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1963:
1953:Muscogee Creek
1914:stone statuary
1875:
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1800:Archaic period
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1588:Mound builders
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1552:Nuu-chah-nulth
1549:
1542:
1540:
1530:
1523:
1521:
1511:
1504:
1502:
1487:
1480:
1416:Main article:
1413:
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1395:
1393:
1382:
1375:
1373:
1362:
1355:
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1311:
1308:Palaya Qiatsuq
1297:
1290:
1288:
1274:
1267:
1265:
1255:
1248:
1246:
1236:, 1905–1978),
1224:
1217:
1215:
1173:Dorset culture
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1136:
1124:
1123:
1116:
1114:
1106:
1105:
1098:
1096:
1082:
1075:
995:Archaic period
956:
953:
920:Native Alaskan
841:
840:
838:
837:
830:
823:
815:
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652:
647:
637:
631:
626:
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622:
621:
618:
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612:
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602:
593:Art of Oceania
589:
588:
583:
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560:
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554:
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119:
118:
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108:
106:Pre-Romanesque
98:
93:
87:
84:
83:
80:
79:
77:History of art
62:
55:
54:
53:
49:, 19th century
44:
37:
36:
35:
31:
30:
29:
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
12297:
12286:
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12098:
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12093:
12091:
12088:
12087:
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12082:
12078:
12077:South America
12074:
12068:
12067:United States
12065:
12063:
12060:
12058:
12055:
12053:
12050:
12048:
12045:
12043:
12040:
12038:
12035:
12033:
12030:
12028:
12025:
12023:
12020:
12018:
12015:
12013:
12010:
12008:
12005:
12003:
12000:
11999:
11997:
11995:
11994:North America
11991:
11988:
11984:Modern groups
11982:
11974:
11971:
11969:
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11965:
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11899:
11897:
11894:
11892:
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11884:
11883:
11881:
11879:
11875:
11865:
11862:
11860:
11857:
11855:
11852:
11851:
11849:
11847:South America
11845:
11835:
11832:
11830:
11827:
11825:
11822:
11821:
11819:
11815:
11809:
11806:
11804:
11801:
11799:
11796:
11794:
11791:
11790:
11788:
11784:
11781:
11777:
11771:
11770:Turtle Island
11768:
11766:
11763:
11761:
11758:
11756:
11753:
11751:
11748:
11746:
11743:
11741:
11738:
11736:
11733:
11732:
11730:
11728:North America
11726:
11720:
11717:
11715:
11712:
11708:
11705:
11704:
11702:
11699:
11698:
11696:
11692:
11687:
11677:
11674:
11672:
11669:
11667:
11664:
11662:
11659:
11657:
11654:
11652:
11651:Paleo-Indians
11649:
11648:
11646:
11642:
11638:
11631:
11626:
11624:
11619:
11617:
11612:
11611:
11608:
11596:
11593:
11591:
11588:
11586:
11583:
11581:
11578:
11576:
11573:
11572:
11570:
11566:
11560:
11557:
11555:
11552:
11550:
11549:Kwakwakaʼwakw
11547:
11543:
11540:
11539:
11538:
11535:
11533:
11530:
11528:
11525:
11524:
11522:
11518:
11512:
11509:
11507:
11504:
11502:
11499:
11497:
11494:
11492:
11489:
11487:
11484:
11483:
11481:
11477:
11470:
11460:
11457:
11455:
11454:Pre-Columbian
11452:
11450:
11447:
11445:
11442:
11441:
11439:
11435:
11431:
11424:
11419:
11417:
11412:
11410:
11405:
11404:
11401:
11395:
11392:
11390:
11388:
11384:
11381:
11378:
11375:
11372:
11370:
11366:
11363:
11361:
11357:
11354:
11349:
11346:
11343:
11340:
11337:
11334:
11333:
11331:
11328:
11325:
11322:
11321:
11311:
11307:
11302:
11297:
11296:
11290:
11287:
11286:0-415-13747-0
11283:
11279:
11275:
11272:
11269:
11265:
11263:9780870998560
11259:
11255:
11254:
11251:
11246:
11245:
11236:
11232:
11228:
11224:
11221:
11217:
11213:
11209:
11206:
11202:
11198:
11194:
11193:
11190:South America
11183:
11179:
11175:
11171:
11167:
11163:
11159:
11158:
11149:
11148:0-382-39714-2
11145:
11141:
11137:
11134:
11130:
11126:
11122:
11119:
11118:0-7748-0704-0
11115:
11111:
11107:
11104:
11103:0-313-25363-3
11100:
11096:
11092:
11088:
11082:
11078:
11073:
11070:
11066:
11062:
11058:
11055:
11054:Art Bulletin.
11051:
11048:
11047:0-8078-4650-3
11044:
11040:
11036:
11033:
11029:
11025:
11021:
11018:
11014:
11012:
11011:0-8109-3689-5
11008:
11004:
11000:
10998:
10997:0-89013-337-9
10994:
10990:
10986:
10982:
10976:
10972:
10971:
10966:
10962:
10961:
10958:North America
10952:
10948:
10944:
10940:
10937:
10933:
10929:
10925:
10922:
10921:1-4000-4006-X
10918:
10914:
10910:
10907:
10906:0-300-05167-0
10903:
10899:
10895:
10892:
10888:
10884:
10880:
10879:
10863:
10857:
10849:
10845:
10841:
10837:
10833:
10829:
10825:
10819:
10812:
10806:
10798:
10794:
10790:
10783:
10767:
10763:
10756:
10747:
10742:
10738:
10734:
10727:
10711:
10704:
10702:
10686:
10682:
10675:
10673:
10657:
10653:
10646:
10630:
10626:
10620:
10618:
10601:
10594:
10588:
10573:
10572:Justia US Law
10569:
10563:
10547:
10543:
10537:
10530:
10527:
10521:
10514:
10511:
10506:
10499:
10496:
10491:
10484:
10480:
10474:
10465:
10458:
10455:
10450:
10443:
10440:
10436:
10433:
10427:
10420:
10417:
10412:
10405:
10402:
10397:
10390:
10389:Southwest Art
10387:
10381:
10374:
10371:
10365:
10357:
10351:
10344:
10341:
10337:
10334:
10328:
10321:
10318:
10312:
10305:
10302:
10297:
10288:
10282:Siegal, p. 15
10279:
10272:
10266:
10259:
10256:
10255:Amanda Crowe.
10251:
10244:
10241:
10235:
10228:
10223:
10216:
10213:
10208:
10201:
10200:Arctic Spirit
10195:
10193:
10185:
10184:Arctic Spirit
10179:
10172:
10171:Arctic Spirit
10166:
10164:
10154:
10138:
10134:
10132:
10124:
10117:
10114:
10110:
10107:
10106:
10099:
10090:
10083:
10080:Lord, Erica.
10077:
10070:
10067:
10062:
10055:
10052:
10047:
10038:
10029:
10027:
10017:
10010:
10007:
10002:
9995:
9992:
9988:
9985:
9980:
9973:
9970:
9966:
9963:
9958:
9949:
9942:
9939:
9934:
9928:
9924:
9920:
9915:
9906:
9899:
9896:
9891:
9882:
9874:
9870:
9863:
9854:
9845:
9838:
9837:Southwest Art
9835:
9829:
9822:
9819:
9815:
9812:
9806:
9797:
9788:
9782:Dubin, p. 218
9779:
9770:
9763:
9759:
9755:
9752:
9747:
9740:
9737:
9731:
9724:
9721:
9717:
9714:
9708:
9701:
9698:
9694:
9691:
9686:
9679:
9676:
9672:
9669:
9664:
9655:
9648:
9645:
9641:
9638:
9637:Lisa Telford.
9633:
9626:
9625:Arctic Spirit
9620:
9618:
9608:
9601:
9598:
9593:
9584:
9575:
9566:
9557:
9548:
9539:
9532:
9529:
9525:
9522:
9516:
9507:
9498:
9489:
9482:
9478:
9474:
9472:
9465:
9458:
9455:
9449:
9447:
9440:
9435:
9429:
9425:
9420:
9414:
9409:
9402:
9396:
9380:
9376:
9370:
9361:
9352:
9336:
9332:
9326:
9311:
9307:
9301:
9294:
9291:
9287:
9284:
9279:
9272:
9269:
9265:
9262:
9257:
9249:
9245:
9238:
9231:
9223:
9219:
9215:
9211:
9207:
9203:
9199:
9192:
9190:
9188:
9179:
9175:
9171:
9167:
9163:
9156:
9154:
9152:
9144:
9141:
9135:
9126:
9117:
9108:
9101:
9098:
9093:
9086:
9083:
9077:
9070:
9066:
9063:
9058:
9050:
9044:
9040:
9033:
9025:
9019:
9015:
9008:
9000:
8994:
8990:
8983:
8977:
8972:
8956:
8952:
8946:
8931:
8925:
8923:
8906:
8902:
8898:
8892:
8886:
8881:
8872:
8870:
8862:
8859:
8855:
8852:
8846:
8844:
8836:
8833:
8828:
8819:
8810:
8801:
8793:
8789:
8785:
8781:
8773:
8767:23 April 1996
8766:
8763:
8757:
8749:
8743:
8739:
8738:
8730:
8728:
8719:
8713:
8705:
8701:
8697:
8693:
8689:
8685:
8677:
8662:
8658:
8651:
8635:
8628:
8620:
8616:
8612:
8605:
8589:
8583:
8579:
8569:
8566:
8564:
8561:
8557:
8554:
8553:
8552:
8549:
8547:
8544:
8542:
8539:
8537:
8534:
8532:
8529:
8527:
8524:
8522:
8519:
8517:
8514:
8512:
8509:
8507:
8504:
8502:
8499:
8497:
8494:
8493:
8488:
8482:
8477:
8474:
8463:
8456:
8453:
8448:
8446:
8442:
8438:
8432:
8428:
8425:
8415:
8413:
8409:
8405:
8400:
8398:
8394:
8390:
8385:
8383:
8379:
8374:
8368:
8364:
8360:
8350:
8348:
8344:
8340:
8335:
8331:
8326:
8324:
8323:Haudenosaunee
8320:
8316:
8312:
8307:
8304:
8300:
8298:
8294:
8290:
8286:
8283:
8279:
8277:
8273:
8269:
8265:
8261:
8258:
8254:
8243:
8241:
8237:
8233:
8229:
8225:
8220:
8218:
8214:
8210:
8205:
8201:
8196:
8194:
8190:
8186:
8182:
8178:
8174:
8173:Navajo weaver
8170:
8166:
8161:
8159:
8155:
8151:
8150:Clara Sherman
8147:
8143:
8136:
8132:
8128:
8124:
8122:
8118:
8116:
8112:
8108:
8103:
8100:
8096:
8093:
8092:Maya textiles
8089:
8088:
8082:
8080:
8076:
8072:
8068:
8064:
8060:
8054:
8050:
8045:
8041:
8038:
8034:
8030:
8026:
8018:
8013:
8006:
8002:
7998:
7994:
7989:
7972:
7967:
7963:
7959:
7955:
7949:
7944:
7941:
7937:
7933:
7929:
7923:
7918:
7917:
7916:
7914:
7910:
7906:
7902:
7901:Willard Stone
7897:
7895:
7894:Isleta Pueblo
7891:
7887:
7883:
7879:
7875:
7871:
7867:
7863:
7859:
7855:
7851:
7847:
7843:
7842:Kwakwaka'wakw
7839:
7834:
7832:
7828:
7824:
7820:
7816:
7812:
7808:
7804:
7803:Edmonia Lewis
7800:
7798:
7797:Inuit artists
7794:
7792:
7788:
7784:
7780:
7776:
7772:
7768:
7764:
7760:
7750:
7747:
7743:
7739:
7735:
7731:
7727:
7723:
7719:
7715:
7711:
7707:
7703:
7701:
7700:Santos Chávez
7697:
7692:
7690:
7686:
7682:
7678:
7674:
7670:
7666:
7662:
7657:
7655:
7652:designed the
7651:
7650:Andrew Qappik
7647:
7643:
7639:
7635:
7631:
7630:Jessie Oonark
7627:
7623:
7619:
7615:
7611:
7607:
7603:
7599:
7595:
7591:
7587:
7583:
7579:
7575:
7571:
7566:
7562:
7561:James Houston
7558:
7553:
7551:
7547:
7543:
7539:
7535:
7531:
7521:
7519:
7515:
7511:
7507:
7503:
7499:
7495:
7490:
7488:
7484:
7480:
7476:
7475:Horace Poolaw
7472:
7468:
7464:
7460:
7456:
7452:
7451:Martín Chambi
7448:
7445:
7441:
7437:
7433:
7429:
7425:
7421:
7417:
7413:
7409:
7406:(1874–1941),
7405:
7397:
7393:
7386:
7382:
7378:
7377:Martín Chambi
7374:
7369:
7359:
7357:
7353:
7347:
7345:
7344:María Galindo
7341:
7337:
7334:cooperative,
7333:
7328:
7326:
7322:
7318:
7314:
7310:
7308:
7304:
7299:
7295:
7290:
7286:
7284:
7280:
7276:
7272:
7268:
7265:, a Canadian
7264:
7256:
7252:
7247:
7234:
7230:
7224:
7219:
7216:
7212:
7206:
7201:
7197:
7193:
7186:
7181:
7178:
7174:
7173:Sac & Fox
7170:
7166:
7165:German silver
7160:
7155:
7154:
7152:
7148:
7144:
7134:
7131:
7127:
7123:
7119:
7115:
7110:
7108:
7104:
7099:
7097:
7093:
7089:
7088:Helen Cordero
7085:
7081:
7077:
7073:
7069:
7065:
7061:
7057:
7052:
7050:
7046:
7042:
7038:
7033:
7031:
7027:
7026:Casas Grandes
7023:
7019:
7010:
7005:
6995:
6993:
6989:
6985:
6981:
6977:
6973:
6968:
6966:
6962:
6958:
6954:
6951:Jamie Okuma (
6949:
6947:
6943:
6938:
6936:
6932:
6928:
6925:
6921:
6917:
6913:
6909:
6904:
6902:
6898:
6894:
6886:
6882:
6880:
6876:
6872:
6868:
6864:
6860:
6855:
6849:
6846:
6838:
6829:
6827:
6823:
6819:
6815:
6810:
6808:
6804:
6800:
6796:
6790:
6786:
6782:
6778:
6776:
6772:
6768:
6764:
6760:
6756:
6752:
6751:Copper Canyon
6748:
6744:
6740:
6736:
6727:
6723:
6721:
6717:
6716:Louisa Keyser
6713:
6709:
6705:
6701:
6697:
6692:
6688:
6680:
6676:
6672:
6670:
6666:
6661:
6657:
6651:
6649:
6645:
6641:
6640:Gail Tremblay
6637:
6633:
6629:
6625:
6624:Wasco-Wishram
6621:
6618:
6614:
6610:
6605:
6601:
6594:
6590:
6585:
6576:
6574:
6570:
6566:
6562:
6558:
6553:
6549:
6544:
6542:
6538:
6534:
6530:
6525:
6523:
6519:
6515:
6511:
6510:Angel De Cora
6507:
6503:
6501:
6497:
6493:
6489:
6488:Neoclassicist
6485:
6484:Edmonia Lewis
6480:
6478:
6477:Dennis Cusick
6474:
6470:
6464:
6462:
6458:
6454:
6450:
6446:
6440:
6438:
6434:
6430:
6426:
6422:
6418:
6414:
6399:
6386:
6380:
6375:
6371:
6367:
6363:
6357:
6352:
6348:
6347:Belém, Brazil
6344:
6336:
6331:
6328:
6321:
6316:
6315:
6314:
6312:
6307:
6302:
6300:
6295:
6291:
6286:
6284:
6280:
6276:
6270:
6256:
6248:
6243:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6221:Hammered and
6216:
6211:
6210:
6208:
6204:
6200:
6183:
6178:
6175:
6158:
6153:
6150:
6143:
6138:
6137:
6122:
6117:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6094:
6087:
6082:
6081:
6071:
6044:
6039:
6022:
6017:
6000:
5995:
5991:
5974:
5969:
5968:
5966:
5947:
5942:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5915:
5910:
5909:
5907:
5893:
5886:
5881:
5864:
5859:
5855:
5848:
5843:
5839:
5832:
5827:
5826:
5824:
5823:Sican culture
5810:
5806:
5799:
5794:
5790:
5786:
5782:
5778:
5771:
5766:
5762:
5758:
5751:
5746:
5742:
5735:
5730:
5729:
5727:
5721:
5704:
5699:
5696:
5689:
5684:
5683:
5681:
5654:
5649:
5645:
5641:
5634:
5629:
5625:
5621:
5614:
5609:
5605:
5588:
5583:
5582:
5580:
5566:
5563:& shell;
5562:
5555:
5550:
5546:
5542:
5538:
5534:
5527:
5522:
5518:
5511:
5506:
5505:
5503:
5489:
5481:
5476:
5472:
5468:
5460:
5455:
5454:
5443:
5439:
5436:
5432:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5411:
5404:
5399:
5398:
5388:
5384:
5380:
5374:
5369:
5366:, Texas, USA)
5365:
5361:
5354:
5349:
5345:
5341:
5334:
5329:
5325:
5321:
5317:
5310:
5305:
5304:
5302:
5289:
5282:
5277:
5273:
5236:
5231:
5227:
5223:
5216:
5211:
5204:
5199:
5198:
5196:
5185:
5181:
5167:
5160:
5155:
5151:
5134:
5129:
5122:
5117:
5113:
5109:
5102:
5097:
5096:
5094:
5080:
5076:
5069:
5064:
5060:
5043:
5038:
5031:
5026:
5022:
5018:
5011:
5006:
5005:
5003:
4989:
4982:
4977:
4973:
4966:
4961:
4957:
4953:
4949:
4943:
4938:
4934:
4930:
4926:
4919:
4914:
4913:
4911:
4894:
4889:
4885:
4879:
4874:
4870:
4866:
4859:
4854:
4850:
4843:
4838:
4837:
4835:
4808:
4803:
4799:
4765:
4758:
4753:
4746:
4741:
4738:
4731:
4726:
4725:
4723:
4710:, Costa Rica)
4709:
4705:
4698:
4693:
4689:
4682:
4677:
4673:
4669:
4632:
4627:
4624:
4617:
4612:
4611:
4609:
4595:
4588:
4583:
4579:
4572:
4567:
4564:
4547:
4542:
4541:
4539:
4535:
4521:
4514:
4509:
4502:
4497:
4493:
4489:
4482:
4477:
4473:
4469:
4465:
4458:
4453:
4452:
4450:
4449:Panche people
4437:
4433:
4396:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4366:
4361:
4357:
4350:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4328:
4324:
4317:
4312:
4308:
4271:
4266:
4263:
4256:
4251:
4248:
4241:
4236:
4235:
4233:
4223:
4221:
4217:
4213:
4203:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4189:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4176:Andean region
4171:
4157:
4153:
4145:
4140:
4136:
4132:
4128:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4107:
4103:
4095:
4090:
4086:
4082:
4078:
4070:
4065:
4064:
4058:
4056:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4043:
4024:
4012:
4004:
3988:
3982:
3977:
3973:
3969:
3965:
3961:
3958:; 1502–1521;
3957:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3935:
3934:
3926:
3919:
3918:
3911:
3910:
3904:
3903:
3895:
3890:
3886:
3882:
3878:
3874:
3873:Spanish cedar
3871:; 1450–1521;
3870:
3864:
3859:
3858:
3856:
3842:
3837:
3833:
3828:
3824:
3819:
3815:
3810:
3809:
3807:
3793:
3786:
3781:
3777:
3770:
3765:
3761:
3757:
3750:
3745:
3741:
3734:
3729:
3728:
3726:
3709:
3704:
3700:
3696:
3692:
3685:
3680:
3677:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3656:
3652:
3644:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3619:
3614:
3607:
3602:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3579:
3571:
3566:
3565:
3555:
3548:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3528:
3523:
3520:(Mexico City)
3519:
3512:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3488:
3483:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3463:
3457:
3453:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3438:Maya ceramics
3435:
3422:
3415:
3410:
3403:
3398:
3391:
3386:
3377:
3372:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3364:
3360:
3343:
3338:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3313:
3308:
3299:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3289:
3283:
3279:
3265:
3258:
3253:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3231:
3226:
3219:
3214:
3211:
3204:
3199:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3191:
3188:
3187:pre-Columbian
3185:built in the
3184:
3180:
3176:
3163:
3139:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3118:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3092:
3087:
3083:
3076:
3071:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3050:
3048:
3044:
3039:
3033:
3029:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2993:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2977:
2968:
2954:
2951:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2919:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2903:
2899:
2893:
2888:
2887:
2886:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2867:
2865:
2861:
2860:Plains tribes
2857:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2836:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2813:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2801:
2797:
2796:Pueblo Bonito
2793:
2789:
2785:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2761:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2742:
2740:
2736:
2735:Pueblo tribes
2732:
2727:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2691:
2677:
2670:
2665:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2638:
2633:
2629:
2623:
2618:
2617:
2612:
2608:
2606:
2605:Santa Barbara
2602:
2598:
2592:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2581:cave painting
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2566:Santa Barbara
2563:
2559:
2554:
2552:
2551:Mojave Desert
2548:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2529:
2525:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2462:
2449:
2445:
2444:Carrie Bethel
2438:
2433:
2428:
2421:
2416:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2390:
2385:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2368:Carrie Bethel
2365:
2361:
2357:
2356:Dat So La Lee
2353:
2349:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2322:Intermontaine
2308:
2307:Red River War
2304:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2283:
2280:(c. 1880) by
2279:
2271:
2266:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2240:
2235:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2225:
2223:
2219:
2218:Winter counts
2215:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2199:Horse culture
2195:
2193:
2189:
2183:
2181:
2176:
2156:
2148:
2143:
2134:
2129:
2120:
2115:
2106:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2057:
2055:
2051:
2040:
2036:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2014:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1967:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1922:Wulfing cache
1919:
1915:
1911:
1910:shell gorgets
1907:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1870:
1862:
1857:
1848:
1843:
1834:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1783:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1768:
1766:
1765:Newark Museum
1762:
1761:Edmonia Lewis
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1739:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1713:
1708:
1704:
1696:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1672:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1659:Haudenosaunee
1656:
1651:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1640:Haudenosaunee
1636:
1634:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1603:Adena culture
1600:
1596:
1591:
1589:
1584:
1580:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1546:
1541:
1538:
1534:
1527:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1508:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1484:
1479:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1419:
1406:
1399:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1379:
1374:
1371:
1366:
1363:21st-century
1359:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1321:Arctic Circle
1309:
1305:
1301:
1294:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1271:
1266:
1263:
1259:
1252:
1247:
1244:(Hawaii, USA)
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1221:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1156:
1152:
1140:North America
1132:
1128:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1102:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1085:bighorn sheep
1079:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1042:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1010:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
952:
950:
946:
941:
939:
935:
931:
926:
924:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
847:
836:
831:
829:
824:
822:
817:
816:
814:
813:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
779:
776:
775:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
760:
754:
753:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
707:
701:
700:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
651:
648:
646:
643:
642:
641:
638:
636:
633:
632:
629:
624:
623:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
597:
596:
595:
594:
587:
584:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
571:Pre-Columbian
569:
568:
567:
566:
565:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
534:
533:
532:
531:
530:Art of Africa
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
450:
449:
447:
446:
445:Art of Europe
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
422:
419:
418:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
383:
382:
380:
379:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
358:
357:
355:
354:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
330:
327:
325:
322:
321:
320:
317:
316:
315:
313:
312:
307:
305:
304:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
286:South Arabian
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
258:
256:
248:
247:
238:
235:
233:
230:
228:
227:Conceptualism
225:
223:
220:
219:
218:
215:
211:
208:
206:
205:Expressionism
203:
201:
198:
196:
193:
191:
188:
186:
183:
181:
178:
176:
175:Impressionism
173:
172:
171:
168:
166:
163:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
148:
146:
145:Neoclassicism
143:
141:
138:
136:
133:
129:
126:
125:
124:
121:
117:
114:
112:
109:
107:
104:
103:
102:
99:
97:
94:
92:
89:
88:
82:
81:
78:
75:
74:
65:
64:Dresden Codex
59:
48:
47:Kwakwakaʼwakw
41:
27:
19:
12241:
12234:
11956:colonization
11923:
11760:The red road
11750:Medicine man
11745:Great Spirit
11527:Coast Salish
11429:
11386:
11309:
11294:
11277:
11253:
11250:
11226:
11211:
11196:
11181:
11169:
11165:
11139:
11124:
11109:
11094:
11076:
11060:
11053:
11038:
11023:
11016:
11002:
10988:
10969:
10942:
10927:
10912:
10897:
10882:
10861:
10856:
10834:(2): 10–38.
10831:
10827:
10818:
10810:
10805:
10796:
10792:
10782:
10770:. Retrieved
10765:
10755:
10736:
10726:
10714:. Retrieved
10688:. Retrieved
10684:
10659:. Retrieved
10655:
10645:
10633:. Retrieved
10628:
10604:. Retrieved
10602:. p. 15
10599:
10587:
10575:. Retrieved
10571:
10562:
10550:. Retrieved
10545:
10536:
10528:
10520:
10512:
10505:
10497:
10490:
10482:
10473:
10464:
10456:
10449:
10441:
10426:
10418:
10411:
10403:
10396:
10388:
10380:
10372:
10364:
10350:
10342:
10327:
10319:
10311:
10303:
10301:About Molas.
10296:
10287:
10278:
10270:
10265:
10257:
10250:
10242:
10234:
10222:
10214:
10207:
10199:
10183:
10178:
10170:
10153:
10141:. Retrieved
10137:the original
10130:
10123:
10115:
10104:
10098:
10089:
10076:
10069:Jeff Marley.
10068:
10061:
10053:
10051:Performance.
10046:
10037:
10016:
10008:
10001:
9993:
9979:
9971:
9957:
9948:
9940:
9933:
9914:
9905:
9897:
9890:
9881:
9872:
9862:
9853:
9844:
9836:
9828:
9820:
9805:
9796:
9787:
9778:
9773:Dubin, p. 50
9769:
9761:
9746:
9738:
9730:
9722:
9707:
9699:
9685:
9677:
9663:
9654:
9647:Artist Trust
9646:
9632:
9624:
9607:
9599:
9592:
9583:
9574:
9565:
9556:
9547:
9538:
9530:
9515:
9506:
9497:
9488:
9470:
9464:
9456:
9434:
9419:
9408:
9400:
9395:
9383:. Retrieved
9379:the original
9369:
9360:
9351:
9339:. Retrieved
9335:the original
9325:
9315:28 September
9313:. Retrieved
9309:
9300:
9292:
9278:
9270:
9256:
9247:
9243:
9230:
9205:
9201:
9172:(1): 33–40.
9169:
9165:
9142:
9134:
9125:
9116:
9107:
9099:
9092:
9084:
9076:
9057:
9038:
9032:
9013:
9007:
8988:
8982:
8971:
8959:. Retrieved
8955:the original
8945:
8933:. Retrieved
8909:. Retrieved
8905:the original
8900:
8891:
8880:
8860:
8837:11.June.2010
8834:
8827:
8818:
8809:
8800:
8783:
8779:
8772:
8764:
8756:
8736:
8712:cite journal
8687:
8683:
8676:
8664:. Retrieved
8660:
8650:
8638:. Retrieved
8627:
8614:
8604:
8592:. Retrieved
8582:
8449:
8437:Heard Museum
8433:
8429:
8423:
8421:
8401:
8386:
8370:
8327:
8318:
8308:
8301:
8280:
8271:
8263:
8249:
8221:
8197:
8165:Diné College
8162:
8154:Hosteen Klah
8140:
8119:
8104:
8097:
8085:
8083:
8057:
8022:
7954:Pai Tavytera
7927:
7905:Amanda Crowe
7898:
7886:Coast Salish
7846:Mungo Martin
7835:
7807:Allan Houser
7801:
7795:
7756:
7730:Debora Iyall
7704:
7693:
7675:influences.
7669:Bacone Style
7665:Woody Crumbo
7658:
7638:Pudlo Pudlat
7626:Helen Kalvak
7554:
7527:
7517:
7491:
7449:
7444:B.A. Haldane
7401:
7384:
7381:Machu Picchu
7351:
7348:
7329:
7311:
7307:booger dance
7291:
7287:
7259:
7229:Shell gorget
7126:Diego Romero
7111:
7100:
7080:Acoma Pueblo
7053:
7034:
7030:Juan Quezada
7015:
6969:
6950:
6942:Martha Berry
6939:
6929:
6924:Teri Greeves
6920:cradleboards
6905:
6891:
6850:
6843:
6811:
6806:
6798:
6793:
6775:natural dyes
6770:
6732:
6711:
6684:
6665:Annie Antone
6652:
6648:Lisa Telford
6620:Kelly Church
6598:
6587:Traditional
6552:John Collier
6545:
6541:Dorothy Dunn
6526:
6504:
6494:band of the
6481:
6465:
6441:
6429:Cuzco School
6409:
6385:Enawene-nawe
6303:
6294:Amazon River
6287:
6272:
6099:, Lima, Perú
6097:Larco Museum
6078:Chimú empire
5720:Wari culture
5644:Schaffhausen
5541:Larco Museum
5519:& shells
5465:A fish-like
5433:mantle from
5414:Larco Museum
5344:Larco Museum
5174:Andes Region
5023:, Ohio, USA)
4494:, Ohio, USA)
4432:Yotoco stage
4382:Yotoco stage
4260:Figure from
4209:
4192:
4173:
4085:lignum vitae
4046:
4045:
4041:
4040:
4011:Templo Mayor
3900:
3876:
3577:
3459:
3356:
3285:
3239:inlaid with
3173:
3051:
3035:
3017:
2996:
2992:West Mexican
2987:
2985:
2979:
2953:Sandpainting
2929:Chaco Canyon
2868:
2852:Sandpainting
2837:
2814:
2804:
2788:Chaco Canyon
2762:
2743:
2728:
2693:
2690:Oasisamerica
2593:
2555:
2521:
2463:
2459:
2350:
2346:hemp dogbane
2319:
2226:
2211:
2196:
2191:
2184:
2175:Great Plains
2172:
2169:Great Plains
2093:
2075:site on the
2058:
2046:
1978:Spiro Mounds
1974:shell gorget
1939:and related
1926:Rogan plates
1920:such as the
1876:
1789:
1775:
1769:
1758:
1751:Pennsylvania
1747:William Penn
1738:Great Treaty
1737:
1652:
1637:
1630:
1615:
1592:
1576:
1439:
1347:, moosehair
1318:
1197:
1177:Thule people
1158:
1111:, California
1058:
1043:
1011:
999:bannerstones
987:Lithic stage
984:
942:
927:
903:
901:
890: Amazon
854: Arctic
773:Art movement
740:Graphic arts
730:Architecture
605:Cook Islands
591:
590:
563:
562:
561:
528:
527:
443:
442:
376:
375:
351:
350:
309:
308:
301:
300:
261:Mesopotamian
254:
217:Contemporary
26:
12165:Ethnobotany
12022:El Salvador
11924:Visual arts
11793:Cosmovision
11779:Mesoamerica
11740:Fifth World
11701:Mythologies
11666:Archaeology
11644:Pre-history
11501:Photography
11300:(see index)
10828:Art Journal
10799:(1): 25–32.
10737:Perspective
10656:Marketplace
10468:Phillips 49
10143:13 December
10103:Artwork in
10082:Erica Lord.
9250:(2): 30–52.
8347:Cusco, Peru
8330:Ghost Dance
8142:Navajo rugs
8115:fingerwoven
8079:pop culture
7938:), bronze,
7882:Susan Point
7838:totem poles
7819:Bob Haozous
7783:Puerto Rico
7738:Walla Walla
7698:printmaker
7689:T.C. Cannon
7598:lithography
7586:Pangnirtung
7534:printmaking
7524:Printmaking
7414:Village on
7362:Photography
7330:A Bolivian
7107:Cape Dorset
6895:Indians of
6803:Waura tribe
6767:chunga palm
6708:Mabel McKay
6696:Elsie Allen
6660:Chitimachas
6492:Mississauga
5777:Wari Empire
5726:Wari empire
5517:chrysocolla
5488:Nasca Lines
5444:collections
5416:, Lima-Perú
4935:, Colombia)
4929:Gold Museum
4925:Muisca raft
4621:One of the
4594:Sitio Conte
4538:Sitio Conte
4474:, Colombia)
4468:Gold Museum
4356:Ilama stage
4329:, Colombia)
4323:Gold Museum
4226:San Agustín
4200:uncontacted
4190:and Chile.
4127:Las Caritas
3972:Mexico City
3925:Tlazōlteōtl
3534:Teotihuacan
3478:El Salvador
3446:Maya stelae
3421:Monte Albán
3363:Monte Albán
3247:, 8 in. H,
3175:Teotihuacan
3170:Teotihuacan
3004:Mesoamerica
2982:Mesoamerica
2875:Atsidi Sani
2866:for trade.
2856:Great Basin
2769:living rock
2739:xeriscaping
2645:Pomo people
2560:, found in
2539:Coso people
2535:petroglyphs
2528:petroglyphs
2524:pictographs
2364:Lucy Telles
2326:Great Basin
2081:Belle Glade
2077:Miami River
2050:Fort Center
2017:Etowah Site
1533:Haida Gwaii
1470:totem poles
1278:mask; from
1208:Sperm whale
1167:for use in
1065:Petroglyphs
1061:pictographs
1041:years ago.
1038:mineralized
1034:pleistocene
981:Stone tools
896: Andes
768:Art history
745:Digital art
735:Photography
725:Calligraphy
508:Anglo-Saxon
488:Hellenistic
433:Singaporean
195:Art Nouveau
155:Romanticism
123:Renaissance
91:Prehistoric
12259:Categories
12207:Philosophy
12012:Costa Rica
11986:by country
11817:Variations
11808:World tree
11765:Totem pole
11735:Arborglyph
11520:By culture
10871:References
9713:Black Ash.
8822:Hessel, 21
8813:Hessel, 20
8568:David Voss
8319:Ga:goh:sah
8137:, c. 1980s
8107:ribbonwork
8040:group..."
7850:Ellen Neel
7694:In Chile,
7661:Potawatomi
7578:Puvirnituq
7574:Baker Lake
7550:monotyping
7546:serigraphy
7412:Metlakatla
7396:Lee Marmon
7356:Chris Eyre
7321:Athabaskan
7313:Erica Lord
7275:James Luna
7076:Lucy Lewis
6875:Tammy Rahr
6739:Tarahumara
6557:Indigenist
6372:, Brasília
6368:beadwork,
6267:See also:
6239:Inca tunic
6225:gold mural
6172:x 18 in.,
5785:Fort Worth
5724:See also:
5438:Necropolis
5288:serpentine
5228:, Ecuador)
5178:See also:
4910:Muisca art
4534:Gran Coclé
4528:Gran Coclé
4212:Costa Rica
4168:See also:
4152:batey ball
4077:Hispaniola
3450:See also:
3262:Statue of
3237:serpentine
3117:aventurine
3099:serpentine
3066:serpentine
3008:See also:
2974:See also:
2933:New Mexico
2840:Athabaskan
2792:New Mexico
2773:pit houses
2688:See also:
2512:, and the
2456:California
2442:Basket by
2324:and upper
2282:Black Hawk
2230:Ledger art
2222:parfleches
2039:Rose Mound
1912:and cups,
1883:Midwestern
1607:zoomorphic
1490:totem pole
1422:See also:
1384:Tsuu T'ina
1365:Athabaskan
1300:serpentine
1204:Ammassalik
1186:serpentine
1149:See also:
1131:Washington
1089:Moab, Utah
965:Petroglyph
959:See also:
805:Naturalist
785:Figurative
704:Techniques
672:Manichaean
650:Protestant
600:Australian
396:Vietnamese
386:Indonesian
291:Phoenician
237:Minimalism
222:Postmodern
185:Decorative
150:Revivalism
111:Romanesque
12202:Movements
12197:Languages
12145:Venezuela
12090:Argentina
12052:Nicaragua
12032:Guatemala
12027:Greenland
11714:Religions
11568:By region
10848:191640737
10032:Ryan, 146
9952:Hill, 158
9909:Mann, 297
9611:Dunn, 240
9222:1947-461X
9178:0361-7181
8575:Citations
8282:Midewiwin
8262:figures (
8232:Winnebago
7870:argillite
7862:Bill Reid
7767:catlinite
7753:Sculpture
7687:painter,
7622:Tivi Etok
7594:engraving
7408:Tsimshian
6871:Penobscot
6854:Nez Perce
6814:black ash
6743:Mike Dart
6656:Rivercane
6529:Kiowa Six
6313:of Peru.
6223:Repoussed
5624:Baltimore
5342:); gold;
5112:Baltimore
5079:Baltimore
5021:Cleveland
4672:Baltimore
4492:Cleveland
4061:Caribbean
3887:(London).
3881:turquoise
3762:, Canada)
3554:Yaxchilan
3540:(London).
3466:Guatemala
3320:Remojadas
3278:Remojadas
3241:amazonite
3058:figurines
3043:ball game
2927:canteen,
2806:Turquoise
2781:sandstone
2684:Southwest
2396:Nez Perce
2330:Nez Perce
2096:Seminoles
2061:Key Marco
1972:Engraved
1812:soapstone
1796:Louisiana
1494:Ketchikan
1454:Tsimshian
1345:Grey Nuns
1341:quillwork
1315:Subarctic
1262:Greenland
1151:Inuit art
1014:megafauna
973:Petroform
969:Pictogram
934:quillwork
912:Greenland
800:Narrative
710:Sculpture
640:Christian
628:Religions
503:Byzantine
416:Cambodian
411:Malaysian
366:Bhutanese
324:Hong Kong
180:Symbolism
128:Mannerism
12236:Category
12192:Identity
12175:Iroquois
12170:Cherokee
12135:Suriname
12125:Paraguay
12110:Colombia
12037:Honduras
12017:Dominica
11954:European
11929:Painting
11891:Colombia
11803:Religion
11798:Creation
11671:Genetics
11590:Paraguay
11542:clothing
11511:Textiles
11486:Ceramics
11479:By media
11180:(1957).
10772:17 April
10435:Archived
10336:Archived
10198:Hessel,
10182:Hessel,
10169:Hessel,
10109:Archived
9987:Archived
9965:Archived
9923:Archived
9814:Archived
9754:Archived
9716:Archived
9693:Archived
9671:Archived
9640:Archived
9623:Hessel,
9524:Archived
9286:Archived
9264:Archived
9065:Archived
9062:Material
8911:25 March
8854:Archived
8619:Archived
8459:See also
8439:and the
8117:sashes.
8099:Seminole
8075:appliqué
8067:Colombia
8005:Santiago
7982:Textiles
7962:Paraguay
7890:Quinault
7785:and the
7763:inuksuit
7740:artist,
7673:Art Deco
7514:UC Davis
7506:Seminole
7502:Muscogee
7303:Cherokee
7215:Woolaroc
7192:bolo tie
6998:Ceramics
6957:Shoshone
6946:Cherokee
6845:Beadwork
6832:Beadwork
6795:Yanomamo
6771:hösig di
6679:Kumeyaay
6636:Onondaga
6579:Basketry
6508:artist,
6506:Ho-Chunk
6455:makers,
6453:fish-gig
6417:Texcocan
6366:Kaxuyana
6263:Amazonia
5922:Tiwanaku
5906:Tiwanaku
5900:Tiwanaku
5805:cinnabar
5561:sodalite
5539:inlays;
5471:Cahuachi
5389:, Peru).
5189:Valdivia
4990:(Bogotá)
4954:region;
4871:, Spain)
4849:Quimbaya
4828:Quimbaya
4708:San José
4220:Colombia
4180:Colombia
3933:Centeōtl
3776:andesite
3578:Atlantes
3502:Quiriguá
3474:Honduras
3452:Bonampak
3434:Maya art
3245:obsidian
3190:Americas
3123:(London)
3082:La Venta
2758:Sikyátki
2748:created
2541:, is in
2531:rock art
2478:Cahuilla
2427:Shoshone
2380:Shoshone
2338:Umatilla
2207:beadwork
2164:The West
2073:Tequesta
2033:Ceramic
1678:Hopewell
1648:mnemonic
1562:, Spain)
1450:Heiltsuk
1391:, Canada
1182:cribbage
1169:shamanic
1069:rock art
1030:Vero man
1022:mastodon
977:Rock art
930:land art
790:Funerary
763:Abstract
715:Painting
645:Catholic
635:Buddhist
610:Hawaiian
513:Ottonian
478:Scythian
463:Etruscan
458:Cycladic
438:Bruneian
391:Filipino
336:Japanese
266:Egyptian
101:Medieval
12212:Studies
12140:Uruguay
12115:Ecuador
12095:Bolivia
12042:Jamaica
11941:Writers
11936:Artists
11896:Ecuador
11878:Culture
11859:Mapuche
11532:Huichol
11496:Jewelry
11491:Fashion
11437:Surveys
10876:General
10716:26 July
10690:26 July
10661:26 July
10635:26 July
10606:26 July
10577:26 July
10552:26 July
10273:, p. 17
10202:, p. 50
10186:, p. 52
10173:, p. 49
9627:, p. 17
9542:Ades, 5
9385:15 June
9341:15 June
8961:2 March
8935:2 March
8780:Science
8692:Bibcode
8666:23 June
8640:23 June
8594:23 June
8260:katsina
8228:Mapuche
8215:weaver
8213:Tlingit
8087:huipils
8037:Bolivia
8007:, Chile
8001:Mapuche
7878:Tlingit
7734:Cowlitz
7722:Choctaw
7696:Mapuche
7685:Choctaw
7663:artist
7590:etching
7570:ukiyo-e
7542:linocut
7538:woodcut
7455:Quechua
7440:Montana
7317:Inupiaq
7298:Choctaw
7279:Luiseño
7267:Ojibway
7251:Picuris
7137:Jewelry
7070:, both
7056:Nampeyo
7037:Catawba
6961:Bannock
6953:Luiseño
6935:Choctaw
6901:Nayarit
6897:Jalisco
6893:Huichol
6867:Mi'kmaq
6735:Choctaw
6646:artist
6632:Mi'kmaq
6609:Inupiaq
6569:Bolivia
6565:Ecuador
6433:Quechua
6419:artist
6311:Urarina
6167:⁄
6134:Chancay
6063:⁄
6053:⁄
6031:⁄
6009:⁄
5983:⁄
5873:⁄
5663:⁄
5597:⁄
5547:, Peru)
5435:Paracas
5410:Paracas
5395:Paracas
5326:, Peru)
5265:⁄
5255:⁄
5245:⁄
5168:(Paris)
5143:⁄
5087:Tairona
5052:⁄
4817:⁄
4791:⁄
4781:⁄
4771:⁄
4764:ceramic
4690:(Paris)
4661:⁄
4651:⁄
4641:⁄
4556:⁄
4464:tumbaga
4425:⁄
4415:⁄
4405:⁄
4375:⁄
4300:⁄
4290:⁄
4280:⁄
4184:Ecuador
4112:rituals
3994:⁄
3940:trecena
3917:trecena
3800:Huastec
3760:Toronto
3719:Totonac
3359:Zapotec
3353:Zapotec
3155:⁄
3145:⁄
3138:jadeite
2909:Arizona
2902:Sinagua
2829:Mimbres
2817:Hohokam
2784:pueblos
2754:Nampeyo
2722:and at
2578:Chumash
2570:Ventura
2545:in the
2482:Chumash
2474:baskets
2091:areas.
1957:Wichita
1949:Choctaw
1937:Natchez
1906:pottery
1887:Eastern
1824:Georgia
1820:Alabama
1626:artwork
1611:pottery
1513:'Namgis
1498:Tlingit
1446:Tlingit
1389:Alberta
1349:tufting
1333:Caribou
1329:Ontario
1304:caribou
1286:(Paris)
1260:, from
1258:tupilaq
1234:Iñupiaq
1199:tupilaq
1194:avittat
1018:mammoth
720:Pottery
662:Islamic
493:Iberian
406:Myanmar
346:Tibetan
319:Chinese
296:Ottoman
281:Arabian
276:Persian
271:Hittite
251:Regions
200:Fauvism
160:Realism
135:Baroque
96:Ancient
12243:Portal
12180:Navajo
12120:Guyana
12100:Brazil
12057:Panama
12047:Mexico
12007:Canada
12002:Belize
11864:Muisca
11786:Common
11575:Alaska
11559:Muisca
11284:
11260:
11233:
11218:
11203:
11146:
11131:
11116:
11101:
11083:
11067:
11045:
11030:
11009:
10995:
10977:
10949:
10934:
10919:
10904:
10889:
10846:
9479:
9220:
9176:
9045:
9020:
8995:
8744:
8427:well.
8406:laws.
8365:, and
8311:Mohawk
8253:Pueblo
8240:Navajo
8121:Pueblo
8111:Powwow
8063:Panama
8053:Panama
8029:Aymara
7964:, 2008
7864:, and
7852:, and
7777:. The
7771:fetish
7759:stelae
7710:Navajo
7644:, and
7584:, and
7582:Holman
7498:Navajo
7430:, and
7387:, 1922
7211:Navajo
7196:Navajo
7169:Pawnee
7149:, and
7018:Marajó
6976:quahog
6972:wampum
6916:Apache
6807:mayaku
6789:Panama
6785:Embera
6759:Panama
6720:Washoe
6704:Patwin
6687:Juncus
6613:baleen
6589:Yahgan
6459:, and
6362:Tiriyó
6290:Marajó
6205:, and
5988:in.);
5959:Capulí
5791:, USA)
5761:Zürich
5674:Tolita
5626:, USA)
5573:Recuay
5364:Dallas
5346:(Lima)
5316:Chavin
5295:Chavín
5270:in.);
5148:in.);
5114:, USA)
5081:, USA)
5057:in.);
4972:Bogotá
4933:Bogotá
4904:Muisca
4869:Madrid
4796:in.);
4716:Nariño
4674:, USA)
4666:in.);
4608:Diquis
4602:Diquis
4561:in.);
4472:Bogotá
4443:Tolima
4430:in.);
4380:in.);
4335:Calima
4327:Bogotá
4305:in.);
4216:Panama
4150:Taíno
4110:cohoba
4100:Taíno
4028:Tlāloc
4023:stucco
4018:Tlāloc
3999:in.);
3987:Tlāloc
3960:basalt
3875:wood (
3691:Mixtec
3655:Toltec
3629:Mixtec
3562:Toltec
3470:Belize
3444:, and
3367:Oaxaca
3194:murals
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