Naturally occurring phenols

782: 969: 983: 64: 72: 1079: 937: 1013: 955: 132: 999: 760: 121: 91: 1027: 103: 1041: 771: 2804:, there is a relatively low level of phenolics and tannins. Marine allelochemicals generally are present in greater quantity and diversity in tropical than in temperate regions. Marine algal phenolics have been reported as an apparent exception to this biogeographic trend. High phenolic concentrations occur in brown algae species (orders 1409:

Phenolics are formed by three different biosynthetic pathways: (i) the shikimate/chorizmate or succinylbenzoate pathway, which produces the phenyl propanoid derivatives (C6–C3); (ii) the acetate/malonate or polyketide pathway, which produces the side-chain-elongated phenyl propanoids, including the

4305:

Lucas, Ricardo; Comelles, Francisco; Alcántara, David; Maldonado, Olivia S.; Curcuroze, Melanie; Parra, Jose L.; Morales, Juan C. (2010). "Surface-Active Properties of Lipophilic Antioxidants Tyrosol and Hydroxytyrosol Fatty Acid Esters: A Potential Explanation for the Nonlinear Hypothesis of the

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is used by these soil bacteria to infect plants, via its encoding for a receptor for acetosyringone and other phenolic phytochemicals exuded by plant wounds. This compound also allows higher transformation efficiency in plants, in A. tumefaciens mediated transformation procedures, and so is of

2751:

Phenolic compounds can act as protective agents, inhibitors, natural animal toxicants and pesticides against invading organisms, i.e. herbivores, nematodes, phytophagous insects, and fungal and bacterial pathogens. The scent and pigmentation conferred by other phenolics can attract symbiotic

56:. Phenolic compounds are produced by plants and microorganisms. Organisms sometimes synthesize phenolic compounds in response to ecological pressures such as pathogen and insect attack, UV radiation and wounding. As they are present in food consumed in human diets and in plants used in 4492:

Carr, Miriam; Greene, Lisa M.; Knox, Andrew J.S.; Lloyd, David G.; Zisterer, Daniela M.; Meegan, Mary J. (2010). "Lead identification of conformationally restricted β-lactam type combretastatin analogues: Synthesis, antiproliferative activity and tubulin targeting effects".

2694:. There has been a long debate about the ability of plants to uptake humic substances from their root systems and to metabolize them. There is now a consensus about how humus plays a hormonal role rather than simply a nutritional role in plant physiology. 7199:; Hunter, G. E.; Bavinger, J. C.; Pearson, M.; Eschbach, P. J.; Sundaram, V.; Liu, H.; Schirmer, P.; Stave, C.; Olkin, I.; Bravata, D. M. (September 4, 2012). "Are organic foods safer or healthier than conventional alternatives?: a systematic review". 6496:

Timperio, A. M.; d’Alessandro, A.; Fagioni, M.; Magro, P.; Zolla, L. (2012). "Production of the phytoalexins trans-resveratrol and delta-viniferin in two economy-relevant grape cultivars upon infection with Botrytis cinerea in field conditions".

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or to break down into simpler forms (sugars and amino sugars, aliphatic and phenolic organic acids), which are further transformed into microbial biomass (microbial humus) or are reorganized, and further oxidized, into humic assemblages

4528:

Villaverde, J. J.; De Vega, A.; Ligero, P.; Freire, C. S. R.; Neto, C. P.; Silvestre, A. J. D. (2010). "Miscanthus x giganteus Bark Organosolv Fractionation: Fate of Lipophilic Components and Formation of Valuable Phenolic Byproducts".

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method). After proper mixing of the sample and the reagent, the mixture is incubated for 10 minutes at ambient temperature and the absorbance of the solution is read at 440 nm. Flavonoid content is expressed in mg/g of quercetin.

902:

As molecules with higher conjugation levels undergo this bathochromic shift phenomenon, a part of the visible spectrum is absorbed. The wavelengths left in the process (generally in red section of the spectrum) recompose the

5308:

Onofrejová, L.; Vašíčková, J.; Klejdus, B.; Stratil, P.; Mišurcová, L.; Kráčmar, S.; Kopecký, J.; Vacek, J. (2010). "Bioactive phenols in algae: The application of pressurized-liquid and solid-phase extraction techniques".

4805:

Astrid; von Gadow, Elizabeth Joubert; Hansmann, Chris F. (1997). "Comparison of the Antioxidant Activity of Aspalathin with That of Other Plant Phenols of Rooibos Tea (Aspalathus linearis), α-Tocopherol, BHT, and BHA".

5075:

Barros, Lillian; Dueñas, Montserrat; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.; Baptista, Paula; Santos-Buelga, Celestino (2009). "Phenolic acids determination by HPLC–DAD–ESI/MS in sixteen different Portuguese wild mushrooms species".

3816:

Jeandenis, J.; Pezet, R.; Tabacchi, R. (2006). "Rapid analysis of stilbenes and derivatives from downy mildew-infected grapevine leaves by liquid chromatography–atmospheric pressure photoionisation mass spectrometry".

4738:

Meyer, Anne S.; Yi, Ock-Sook; Pearson, Debra A.; Waterhouse, Andrew L.; Frankel, Edwin N. (1997). "Inhibition of Human Low-Density Lipoprotein Oxidation in Relation to Composition of Phenolic Antioxidants in Grapes

1410:

large group of flavonoids (C6–C3–C6) and some quinones; and (iii) the acetate/mevalonate pathway, which produces the aromatic terpenoids, mostly monoterpenes, by dehydrogenation reactions. The aromatic amino acid

4564:

René, Alice; Abasq, Marie-Laurence; Hauchard, Didier; Hapiot, Philippe (2010). "How Do Phenolic Compounds React toward Superoxide Ion? A Simple Electrochemical Method for Evaluating Antioxidant Capacity".

7179:"Comparison of the Total Phenolic and Ascorbic Acid Content of Freeze-Dried and Air-Dried Marionberry, Strawberry, and Corn Grown Using Conventional, Organic, and Sustainable Agricultural Practices" 1727:. During this reaction, the blue ABTS radical cation is converted back to its colorless neutral form. The reaction may be monitored spectrophotometrically. This assay is often referred to as the 7009:"Involvement of acetosyringone in plant-pathogen recognition". Baker C. Jacyn, Mock Norton M., Whitaker Bruce D., Roberts Daniel P., Rice Clifford P., Deahl Kenneth L. and Aver'Yanov Andrey A., 5663:

Vogelsang, K.; Schneider, B.; Petersen, M. (2005). "Production of rosmarinic acid and a new rosmarinic acid 3′-O-β-D-glucoside in suspension cultures of the hornwort Anthoceros agrestis Paton".

3270:. However, evidence on substantial differences between organic food and conventional food is insufficient to support claims that organic food is safer or healthier than conventional food. 7261:"Cloning and substrate specificity of a human phenol UDP glucuronosyltransferase expressed in COS-7 cells". David Harding, Sylvie Fournel-Gigleux, Michael R. Jackson and Brian Burchell, 6948:

Blum, Udo; Shafer, Steven R.; Lehman, Mary E. (1999). "Evidence for Inhibitory Allelopathic Interactions Involving Phenolic Acids in Field Soils: Concepts vs. an Experimental Model".

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Lee, S. K.; Lee, H. J.; Min, H. Y.; Park, E. J.; Lee, K. M.; Ahn, Y. H.; Cho, Y. J.; Pyee, J. H. (2005). "Antibacterial and antifungal activity of pinosylvin, a constituent of pine".

6378:

Targett, Nancy M.; Coen, Loren D.; Boettcher, Anne A.; Tanner, Christopher E. (1992). "Biogeographic Comparisons of Marine Algal Polyphenolics: Evidence against a Latitudinal Trend".

1481:, all of the five hydroxyls are methylated, leaving no free hydroxyls of the phenol group. Methylations can also occur on directly on a carbon of the benzene ring like in the case of 1561:(USAN trade name Fulyzaq) is a drug under development for the treatment of diarrhea associated with anti-HIV drugs. Additionally, derivatives have been made of phenolic compound, 4390:

Lu Y; Yan L; Wang Y; Zhou S; Fu J; Zhang J (June 2009). "Biodegradation of phenolic compounds from coking wastewater by immobilized white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium".

5491:

Flavonoids and a proanthrocyanidin from rhizomes of Selliguea feei. Baek Nam-In, Kennelly E. J., Kardono L. B. S., Tsauri S., Padmawinata K., Soejarto D. D. and Kinghorn A. D.,

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Hyršl, Pavel; Büyükgüzel, Ender; Büyükgüzel, Kemal (2007). "The effects of boric acid-induced oxidative stress on antioxidant enzymes and survivorship in Galleria mellonella".

5514:

Choudhary, M. I.; Naheed, N.; Abbaskhan, A.; Musharraf, S. G.; Siddiqui, H.; Atta-Ur-Rahman (2008). "Phenolic and other constituents of fresh water fern Salvinia molesta".

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Aldrich, J. R.; Blum, M. S.; Duffey, S. S.; Fales, H. M. (1976). "Male specific natural products in the bug, Leptoglossus phyllopus: Chemistry and possible function".

4868:

Kopácek, Petr; Weise, Christoph; Götz, Peter (1995). "The prophenoloxidase from the wax moth Galleria mellonella: purification and characterization of the proenzyme".

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has been best known for its involvement in plant-pathogen recognition, especially its role as a signal attracting and transforming unique, oncogenic bacteria in genus

4643:

Stobiecki, M.; Skirycz, A.; Kerhoas, L.; Kachlicki, P.; Muth, D.; Einhorn, J.; Mueller-Roeber, B. (2006). "Profiling of phenolic glycosidic conjugates in leaves of

9221: 7073:

Sheikholeslam, S. N.; Weeks, D. P. (1987). "Acetosyringone promotes high efficiency transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana explants by Agrobacterium tumefaciens".

7151:

Donovan, Jennifer L.; Meyer, Anne S.; Waterhouse, Andrew L. (1998). "Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Prunes and Prune Juice (Prunus domestica)".

6679:"Differential Expression of Two Flavonoid 3'-Hydroxylase cDNAs Involved in Biosynthesis of Anthocyanin Pigments and 3-Deoxyanthocyanidin Phytoalexins in Sorghum" 4351:Šmejkal, Karel; Grycová, Lenka; Marek, Radek; Lemière, Filip; Jankovská, Dagmar; Forejtníková, Hana; Vančo, Ján; Suchý, Václav (2007). "C-Geranyl Compounds from 6096:

Adams, J.; Garcia, A.; Foote, C. S. (1978). "Some chemical constituents of the secretion from the temporal gland of the African elephant (Loxodonta africana)".

7014: 6850: 6659: 5496: 4961: 60:

of several cultures, their role in human health and disease is a subject of research. Some phenols are germicidal and are used in formulating disinfectants.

6478: 6439:"The role of grape polyphenols on trans-resveratrol activity against Botrytis cinerea and of fungal laccase on the solubility of putative grape PR proteins" 4600:

Leedjarv, A.; Ivask, A.; Virta, M.; Kahru, A. (2006). "Analysis of bioavailable phenols from natural samples by recombinant luminescent bacterial sensors".

4435:"Larvicidal activity and possible mode of action of four flavonoids and two fatty acids identified in Millettia pinnata seed toward three mosquito species" 5344:

Yoo, H. D.; Ketchum, S. O.; France, D.; Bair, K.; Gerwick, W. H. (2002). "Vidalenolone, a Novel Phenolic Metabolite from the Tropical Red AlgaVidaliasp".

3940:"Tandem mass spectrometry of the B-type procyanidins in wine and B-type dehydrodicatechins in an autoxidation mixture of (+)-catechin and (−)-epicatechin" 2669:

rather than from throughfall in any natural plant community. Decomposition of dead plant material causes complex organic compounds to be slowly oxidized

1765:

A cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) assay also exists. Dichlorofluorescin is a probe that is trapped within cells and is easily oxidized to fluorescent

6975:

Morandi, D. (1996). "Occurrence of phytoalexins and phenolic compounds in endomycorrhizal interactions, and their potential role in biological control".

6746:

Mercier, J.; Arul, J.; Ponnampalam, R.; Boulet, M. (1993). "Induction of 6-Methoxymellein and Resistance to Storage Pathogens in Carrot Slices by UV-C".

4911:

Li, Xiang; Gao, Ming-Jun; Pan, Hong-Yu; Cui, De-Jun; Gruber, Margaret Y. (2010). "Purple Canola: ArabidopsisPAP1Increases Antioxidants and Phenolics in

6209: 6725:

interaction: Heterologous expression in maize". Chopra Surinder, Gaffoor Iffa, Ibraheem Farag, Poster at the American Society of Plant Biologists (

6482: 2405: 1770: 9042: 7459: 6773:

Hoffman, R.; Heale, J. B. (1987). "Cell death, 6-methoxymellein accumulation, and induced resistance to Botrytis cinerea in carrot root slices".

5801:

Aldrich, J. R.; Blum, M. S.; Fales, H. M. (1979). "Species-specific natural products of adult male leaf-footed bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)".

2713:

with aluminium or iron ions; or they might remain in dissolved form, leached by percolating water, and finally leave the ecosystem as part of

7593: 3021:

which senses certain sugars and phenolic compounds. These compounds are typically found from wounded plants, and as a result VirA is used by

7412:), a database dedicated to phenolics found in food by Augustin Scalbert, INRA Clermont-Ferrand, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (Human food unit) 7281:"A novel complex locus UGT1 encodes human bilirubin, phenol, and other UDP-glucuronosyltransferase isozymes with identical carboxyl termini" 8763: 6079: 2311: 5593:

Nakai, S. (2000). "Myriophyllum spicatum-released allelopathic polyphenols inhibiting growth of blue-green algae Microcystis aeruginosa".

6626: 5964:"Defensive Behaviour and Biological Activities of the Abdominal Secretion in the Ant Crematogaster Scutellaris (Hymenoptera: Myrmicinae)" 4770:

Wolfe, K. L.; Liu, R. H. (2007). "Cellular Antioxidant Activity (CAA) Assay for Assessing Antioxidants, Foods, and Dietary Supplements".

4151:

Yu, Hailong; Zhang, Zeng-Li; Chen, Jing; Pei, Aijie; Hua, Fang; Qian, Xuanchen; He, Jinjiang; Liu, Chun-Feng; Xu, Xingshun (2012-03-16).

4081: 1614: 2731:(Al), as well as organic matter, are removed from the litterfall and transported downward into the soil below. This process is known as 6808:

Kurosaki, F.; Nishi, A. (1983). "Isolation and antimicrobial activity of the phytoalexin 6-methoxymellein from cultured carrot cells".

6234: 4048: 3858: 473: 317: 7380: 738:

Two natural phenols from two different categories, for instance a flavonoid and a lignan, can combine to form a hybrid class like the

6729: 6276:

Steinberg, P. D. (1984). "Algal Chemical Defense Against Herbivores: Allocation of Phenolic Compounds in the Kelp Alaria marginata".

6011:

Urinary, temporal gland, and breath odors from Asian elephants of Mudumalai National Park. L. E. L. Rasmussen and V. Krishnamurthy,

9939: 7666: 6654:

Sakuranetin, a flavonone phytoalexin from ultraviolet-irradiated rice leaves, Kodama O., Miyakawa J., Akatsuka T. and Kiyosawa S.,

1947: 477: 6153:

Müller-Schwarze, D.; Houlihan, P. W. (1991). "Pheromonal activity of single castoreum constituents in beaver, Castor canadensis".

6016: 3045:

is an example of such a molecule inhibiting the growth of other plant species around walnut trees. The aquatic vascular plant

1728: 1676: 4116:

Talcott, S. T.; Howard, L. R. (1999). "Phenolic Autoxidation is Responsible for Color Degradation in Processed Carrot Puree".

8850: 7250: 5574: 4703:

Walker, Richard B.; Everette, Jace D. (2009). "Comparative Reaction Rates of Various Antioxidants with ABTS Radical Cation".

3259: 7393: 8896: 7712: 2086:(also known as organophosphorus hydrolase, phosphotriesterase, and paraoxon hydrolase) uses an aryl dialkyl phosphate and H 7020: 5949: 4967: 3939: 3440: 7452: 6856: 6665: 5502: 3404: 2073: 2705:

substances by polymerization and condensation reactions (with the contribution of soil organisms); they might adsorb to

10175: 8691: 6845:. Echeverri F., Torres F., Quinones W., Cardona G., Archbold R., Roldan J., Brito I., Luis J. G., and Lahlou U. E.-H., 3302:

is a human gene encoding a phenol UDP glucuronosyltransferase active on simple phenols. The enzyme encoded by the gene

1747: 1107: 7425: 5557:

Krokene, P.; Nagy, N. E.; Krekling, T. (2008). "Traumatic Resin Ducts and Polyphenolic Parenchyma Cells in Conifers".

5414:

Carnachan, S. M.; Harris, P. J. (2000). "Ferulic acid is bound to the primary cell walls of all gymnosperm families".

7370: 7352: 7185:(American Chemical Society), 51 (5), 1237–1241, 2003. 10.1021/jf020635c S0021-8561(02)00635-0. Retrieved 10-Apr-2006. 3800: 3743: 3717: 3663: 3633: 2697:

In the soil, soluble phenols face four different fates. They might be degraded and mineralized as a carbon source by

1751: 9518: 8756: 5289: 3758:

Chapter eight: "Biosynthesis of terpenophenolic metabolites in hop and cannabis". Jonathan E. Page and Jana Nagel,

6327:

Steinberg, P. D. (1986). "Chemical defenses and the susceptibility of tropical marine brown algae to herbivores".

883:

Natural phenols show optical properties characteristic of benzene, e.g. absorption near 270 nm. According to

719:

The phenolic unit can be found dimerized or further polymerized, creating a new class of polyphenol. For example,

10006: 5754: 5628:

Erickson, M.; Miksche, G. E. (1974). "On the occurrence of lignin or polyphenols in some mosses and liverworts".

2459:

has been shown to be due to the tanning action of an agent produced by oxidation of a phenolic substance forming

892: 7178: 4223:"Review: The roles of plant phenolics in defence and communication during Agrobacterium and Rhizobium infection" 2275: 10717: 10122: 9333: 7445: 7344: 3136: 2373: 1939: 1910: 1899: 1663:

Lamaison and Carnet have designed a test for the determination of the total flavonoid content of a sample (AlCI

260: 17: 7032:

Schrammeijer, B.; Beijersbergen, A.; Idler, K. B.; Melchers, L. S.; Thompson, D. V.; Hooykaas, P. J. (2000).

6868:

Hart, John H.; Hillis, W. E. (1974). "Inhibition of wood-rotting fungi by stilbenes and other polyphenols in

2989: 2598: 30:

This article is about the class of organic compounds containing a phenol group. For the parent compound, see

4153:"Carvacrol, a Food-Additive, Provides Neuroprotection on Focal Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice" 3282:. In subsequent phase II reactions, these activated metabolites are conjugated with charged species such as 1113:

Browning associated with oxidation of phenolic compounds has also been given as the cause of cells death in

9932: 8168: 7659: 7578: 5078: 1404: 5963: 1565:, an anticancer molecule, including nitrogen or halogens atoms to increase the efficacy of the treatment. 1110:

color change characteristic of this process. This phenomenon can be observed in foods like carrot purees.

8749: 8718: 7690: 6901:"Detection of and Response to Signals Involved in Host-Microbe Interactions by Plant-Associated Bacteria" 6213: 2927: 2698: 1499: 657:

They can also be classified on the basis of their number of phenol groups. They can therefore be called

10741: 9658: 6436: 2883: 2853: 2542: 2063: 1884: 1696: 1430: 268: 3780: 10044: 10039: 10034: 10028: 8843: 8712: 7631: 3106: 2513: 2289: 2181: 2146: 1830: 155:

schemes can be applied. A commonly used scheme is based on the number of carbons and was devised by

4433:

Perumalsamy, Haribalan; Jang, Myung Jin; Kim, Jun-Ran; Kadarkarai, Murugan; Ahn, Young-Joon (2015).

3355: 10499: 10474: 10421: 9621: 8889: 7705: 3126: 3112: 2714: 2190: 2131: 2051: 1922: 1785: 1781: 1645: 1637:. The content of the unknown phenols is then expressed as equivalents of the appropriate standard. 7279:

Ritter J. K.; Chen F.; Sheen Y. Y.; Tran H. M.; Kimura S.; Yeatman M. T.; Owens I. S. (Mar 1992).

2545:

have been detected in urine samples. Temporal glands secretion examination showed the presence of

9965: 9925: 7652: 7034:"Sequence analysis of the vir-region from Agrobacterium tumefaciens octopine Ti plasmid pTi15955" 3130: 3003: 2606: 2518: 2284: 1930: 1759: 1692: 1103: 152: 6250:. 2nd Edition. William H. Schlesinger, Academic Press, 1997, 108, 135, 152–158, 180–183, 191–194 6076: 5113:

Delsignore, A; Romeo, F; Giaccio, M (1997). "Content of phenolic substances in basidiomycetes".

2735:

and is particularly intense in boreal and cool temperate forests that are mainly constituted by

10746: 10079: 9785: 9383: 9343: 9338: 8123: 5040:

Achkar, Jihane; Xian, Mo; Zhao, Huimin; Frost, J. W. (2005). "Biosynthesis of Phloroglucinol".

3350: 3224:

has the higher levels of phenols, or polar phenols that form a complex phenol-protein complex.

3069: 2998: 2720: 2479: 2083: 1943: 1904: 1834: 1743: 1486: 1400: 1091: 987: 626: 4984:"Production of Natural Butylated Hydroxytoluene as an Antioxidant by Freshwater Phytoplankton" 4983: 3623: 10049: 10020: 9985: 9980: 9721: 7970: 7550: 7415: 7361:, by C. F. van Sumere and P. J. Lea, Phytochemical Society of Europe, 1985, Clarendon Press ( 6634: 6472: 3311: 3279: 3047: 2614: 2602: 2594: 2339: 2177: 2142: 1415: 1114: 852: 405: 7428:, a database of bioactive drug-like small molecules by the European Bioinformatics Institute 7212: 3895:"The importance of being red when young: Anthocyanins and the protection of young leaves of 3702:

Natural Products: Phytochemistry, Botany and Metabolism of Alkaloids, Phenolics and Terpenes

10489: 10416: 10167: 9754: 9653: 9648: 9511: 9428: 9198: 8836: 7996: 7468: 6817: 6782: 6542:"Screening Analyses of Pinosylvin Stilbenes, Resin Acids and Lignans in Norwegian Conifers" 6506: 6387: 6336: 6285: 6162: 6105: 5810: 5775: 5637: 5602: 5523: 5466: 5423: 5388: 5243: 5153: 4998: 4877: 4609: 4399: 4164: 4006: 3995:"Identification of autoxidation oligomers of flavan-3-ols in model solutions by HPLC-MS/MS" 3951: 3536:"Phenolic Compounds as Cultivar- and Variety-distinguishing Factors in Some Plant Products" 3221: 2590: 2507: 2126: 1855: 1822: 1684: 1672: 1653: 1626: 1475: 1121:

cultures. Those phenolics originate both from explant tissues and from explant secretions.

863:

is an unusual macrocycle because it was the first compound isolated from nature displaying

616: 295: 57: 6726: 8: 10263: 10230: 10069: 9536: 8882: 7698: 7194: 6139: 3696:

Lattanzio, Vincenzo (January 2013), Ramawat, Kishan Gopal; Mérillon, Jean-Michel (eds.),

3235:, have been shown to be helpful in the color and sensory components, such as alleviating 2858: 2497: 2468: 2438: 2138: 1976: 1805: 1766: 1083: 929:

spectra of molecules classified from left to right according to their conjugation level:

884: 796: 6821: 6786: 6510: 6438: 6391: 6340: 6289: 6166: 6109: 5814: 5779: 5641: 5606: 5527: 5470: 5427: 5392: 5247: 5157: 5002: 4881: 4613: 4403: 4168: 4010: 3955: 2324: 1849:

The phenolic biosynthetic and metabolic pathways and enzymes can be studied by means of

1731:(TEAC) assay. The reactivity of the various antioxidants tested are compared to that of 1719:(ABTS) radical cation, which is reactive towards most antioxidants including phenolics, 9110: 8781: 7224: 7133: 7098: 6992: 6925: 6900: 6759: 6568: 6541: 6419: 6403: 6360: 6309: 6186: 6121: 6054: 5994: 5932: 5883: 5826: 5732: 5707: 5688: 5269: 5215: 5198: 5174: 5141: 5022: 4664: 4469: 4434: 4247: 4222: 4195: 4152: 4098: 3560: 3535: 3375: 3338: 3236: 2952: 2912: 2898: 2650: 2501:. Guaiacol is one of the main components of the pheromones that cause locust swarming. 1994: 1769:(DCF). The method measures the ability of compounds to prevent the formation of DCF by 1562: 1554: 888: 7297: 7280: 6829: 6042: 5614: 5478: 5435: 4621: 3792: 3767: 3509: 2495:, by the breakdown of plant material. This process is undertaken by the gut bacterium 10469: 10455: 10059: 9818: 9803: 9795: 9616: 9593: 9292: 8773: 8735: 7366: 7348: 7340: 7302: 7246: 7216: 7196: 7090: 7055: 6930: 6794: 6700: 6608: 6573: 6522: 6411: 6352: 6301: 6228: 6178: 6046: 5986: 5924: 5875: 5867: 5862: 5845: 5787: 5737: 5680: 5649: 5570: 5539: 5439: 5400: 5361: 5326: 5261: 5179: 5095: 5057: 5014: 5010: 4932: 4893: 4889: 4850: 4787: 4720: 4625: 4582: 4546: 4510: 4474: 4456: 4415: 4372: 4333: 4287: 4252: 4238: 4200: 4182: 4133: 4024: 3975: 3967: 3920: 3875: 3834: 3796: 3739: 3713: 3659: 3629: 3604: 3565: 3513: 3460: 3421: 3380: 3007: 2789: 2623: 2401: 2077: 2067: 2019: 1990: 1985: 1688: 1339: 1280: 1066: 272: 255: 225: 80: 7228: 7137: 7102: 6996: 6364: 6313: 6190: 6125: 6058: 5998: 5830: 5692: 5535: 5026: 4668: 4102: 4044:"Nonenzymic autoxidative phenolic browning reactions in a caffeic acid model system" 3679:

Harborne, J. B. (1980). "Plant phenolics". In Bell, E. A.; Charlwood, B. V. (eds.).

3298:. These reactions are catalysed by a large group of broad-specificity transferases. 891:

often also happen suggesting the presence of delocalised π electrons arising from a

10736: 10195: 9716: 9686: 9643: 9635: 9122: 9013: 8310: 8086: 8026: 7292: 7208: 7160: 7125: 7082: 7045: 6984: 6957: 6920: 6916: 6912: 6881: 6825: 6790: 6755: 6690: 6600: 6563: 6553: 6514: 6453: 6423: 6395: 6344: 6293: 6170: 6113: 6038: 5978: 5936: 5914: 5887: 5857: 5818: 5783: 5727: 5719: 5672: 5645: 5610: 5562: 5531: 5474: 5431: 5396: 5353: 5318: 5273: 5251: 5210: 5169: 5161: 5122: 5087: 5049: 5006: 4924: 4885: 4842: 4815: 4779: 4752: 4712: 4656: 4617: 4574: 4538: 4502: 4464: 4446: 4407: 4364: 4323: 4315: 4279: 4242: 4234: 4190: 4172: 4125: 4090: 4057: 4043: 4014: 3959: 3910: 3867: 3826: 3788: 3763: 3705: 3596: 3555: 3547: 3505: 3452: 3413: 3370: 3360: 3018: 2965: 2948: 2840: 2777: 2316: 2292:, a known bitter-tasting flavonoid glycoside, can be isolated from the rhizomes of 2150: 2037: 2002: 1418:, is the common precursor of phenol containing amino acids and phenolic compounds. 1293: 1130: 1098:, notably the complex mixture of phenolics, found in food for example, can undergo 926: 868: 864: 805: 611: 605: 156: 53: 5140:

Ghosh, Suman; Kebaara, Bessie W.; Atkin, Audrey L.; Nickerson, Kenneth W. (2008).

4411: 10391: 10331: 10200: 10064: 9868: 9840: 9764: 9691: 9504: 9358: 9353: 9348: 9303: 8429: 8344: 8302: 7810: 7405: 7362: 7336: 7326: 7050: 7033: 6733: 6717:"Biosynthesis and regulation of 3-deoxyanthocyanidin phytoalexins induced during 6604: 6518: 6297: 6083: 5982: 5457:

Adam, K. P. (1999). "Phenolic constituents of the fern Phegopteris connectilis".

4506: 4177: 3852:

Stintzing, F. C.; Stintzing, A. S.; Carle, R.; Frei, B.; Wrolstad, R. E. (2002).

3830: 3781:"Chapter Eight - Biosynthesis of Terpenophenolic Metabolites in Hop and Cannabis" 3733: 3709: 3680: 3653: 3600: 3295: 3243: 3142: 3060: 2931: 2845: 2691: 2610: 2433: 2432:(Anthocerotophyta), some phenolics can be found in those two taxa. For instance, 2409: 2378: 2367: 2352: 2299: 2162: 2098: 1818: 1789: 1715:

Other tests measure the antioxidant capacity of a fraction. Some make use of the

1591: 1531: 1449: 1352: 1185: 1150: 982: 968: 912: 872: 781: 651: 46: 6437:

F. Favaron, M. Lucchetta, S. Odorizzi, A. T. Pais da Cunha and L. Sella (2009).

6029:

Rasmussen, L. E. L.; Perrin, T. E. (1999). "Physiological Correlates of Musth".

5566: 5379:

Pedersen, J. A.; Øllgaard, B. (1982). "Phenolic acids in the genus Lycopodium".

3915: 3894: 3468: 3400:"Modulation of the antioxidant activity of phenols by non-covalent interactions" 10659: 10642: 10604: 10406: 10381: 10295: 10282: 10220: 9990: 9862: 9846: 9790: 9363: 9233: 9189: 8695: 8649: 8562: 8557: 8547: 8524: 8486: 8476: 8057: 7266: 5322: 3697: 3255: 3251: 3091: 3085: 2941: 2826: 2538: 2474: 2456: 2384: 2294: 2236: 2232: 2213: 2169: 2046: 2006: 1972: 1935: 1889: 1680: 1634: 1307: 1258: 1102:

during the ageing process. Simple natural phenols can lead to the formation of

840: 341: 76: 8741: 6961: 5676: 5256: 5231: 5126: 5091: 4660: 4451: 4270:

Knaggs, Andrew R. (2001). "The biosynthesis of shikimate metabolites (1999)".

4094: 3551: 3365: 1644:

measurements. Total phenols (or antioxidant effect) can be measured using the

1633:, is used to oxidize known concentrations of a standard solution, producing a 10730: 10624: 10619: 10614: 10599: 10561: 10536: 10440: 10396: 10372: 10238: 10205: 10190: 10185: 10127: 10102: 10097: 10092: 10054: 9956: 9948: 9913: 9813: 9769: 9741: 9458: 9395: 9118: 9070: 8640: 8606: 8601: 8552: 7782: 7676: 5871: 5199:"Trtptophol, tyrosol and phenylethanol—The aromatic ahigher alcohols in beer" 4460: 4186: 4076: 3971: 3263: 3096: 2970: 2960: 2732: 2665:, it is assumed that larger amounts of phenols are released from decomposing 2586: 2526: 2488: 2335: 2173: 2154: 1968: 1838: 1474:

bond on hydroxyl groups forming O-methylated polyphenols. In the case of the

1411: 1333: 1228: 1181: 908: 786: 739: 709: 221: 139: 4954:

microalgae and their protective effects in vitro toward hepatotoxicity model

3853: 3787:. Integrative Plant Biochemistry. Vol. 40. Elsevier. pp. 179–210. 3584: 3493: 3399: 3182: 3006:

of plants. High levels of phenolics in some woods can explain their natural

1742:

Other antioxidant capacity assays that use Trolox as a standard include the

63: 10634: 10571: 10541: 10411: 10355: 10215: 10180: 10153: 9808: 9726: 9706: 9673: 9545: 9423: 9229: 9174: 9005: 8923: 8794: 8654: 8572: 8491: 8481: 8424: 8407: 8392: 8361: 8321: 8291: 8217: 7896: 7876: 7621: 7616: 7509: 7220: 7094: 7059: 6934: 6704: 6612: 6577: 6526: 6415: 6356: 6305: 6263: 6182: 6050: 5990: 5928: 5879: 5741: 5684: 5543: 5443: 5365: 5330: 5265: 5183: 5099: 5061: 5018: 4936: 4854: 4791: 4724: 4689:(Poiret D.C.) en Fonction de la vegetation". J. L. Lamaison and A. Carnet, 4629: 4586: 4550: 4514: 4478: 4419: 4376: 4337: 4291: 4256: 4204: 4137: 4028: 3979: 3924: 3879: 3838: 3608: 3569: 3517: 3464: 3425: 3384: 3278:

In animals and humans, after ingestion, natural phenols become part of the

3166: 3081: 3067:, allelopathic phenolic compounds inhibiting the growth of blue-green alga 3052: 2706: 2687: 2666: 2629: 2525:). Other simple and complex phenols can be found in eusocial ants (such as 2344: 2307: 2303: 2240: 2197: 2158: 1980: 1952: 1916: 1850: 1821:, an oxidative stress indicator, and activities of the antioxidant enzymes 1813:, can be used to test the antioxidant effect of individual molecules using 1630: 1527: 1386: 1164: 1143: 1099: 1017: 959: 720: 713: 299: 251: 195: 38: 7720: 7644: 7306: 6457: 4897: 71: 10664: 10594: 10587: 10582: 10553: 10531: 10450: 10433: 10300: 10117: 10112: 10107: 9884: 9857: 9701: 9608: 9598: 9573: 9553: 9478: 9463: 9453: 9433: 9210: 9151: 9081: 9052: 8978: 8789: 8626: 8616: 8592: 8577: 8419: 8384: 8379: 8268: 8263: 8131: 8095: 8072: 8011: 7960: 7950: 7900: 7820: 7588: 7542: 6885: 6695: 6678: 5165: 3854:"Color and Antioxidant Properties of Cyanidin-Based Anthocyanin Pigments" 3735:

Clinical Guide to Nutrition and Dietary Supplements in Disease Management

3283: 3232: 3206: 3174: 3056: 3034: 2980: 2956: 2935: 2907: 2889: 2871: 2849: 2838:

is a phytoalexin produced against the growth of fungal pathogens such as

2835: 2805: 2797: 2794: 2740: 2679: 2417: 2413: 2348: 2205: 1893: 1871:

Phenols are found in the natural world, especially in the plant kingdom.

1860: 1641: 1598: 1579: 1547: 1464: 1426: 1286: 1239: 1078: 1061: 1057: 1003: 941: 896: 860: 836: 764: 732: 631: 542: 307: 124: 95: 7437: 7278: 5846:"A Note: Gut bacteria produce components of a locust cohesion pheromone" 4328: 4061: 3213:

are also potentially significant for supplying certain natural phenols.

2621:, the exudate from the castor sacs of the mature North American beaver ( 316:

Caffeic, ferulic acids, Myristicin, Eugenol, Umbelliferone, aesculetin,

10609: 10519: 10305: 10243: 10132: 9901: 9874: 9851: 9563: 9558: 9468: 9443: 9368: 9261: 9256: 9161: 9146: 9141: 9099: 8967: 8860: 8824: 8814: 8611: 8529: 8455: 8414: 8402: 8397: 8283: 8273: 8067: 8062: 8015: 7611: 7603: 7583: 7532: 7129: 7086: 6988: 6407: 6399: 6348: 6174: 6117: 5822: 4846: 3417: 3101: 2867: 2863: 2765: 2736: 2702: 2683: 2271: 2264: 2248: 2244: 2122: 2014: 1998: 1814: 1640:

Some methods for quantification of total phenolic content are based on

1558: 1478: 1373: 1356: 1329: 945: 936: 728: 697: 621: 435: 401: 371: 114: 7164: 7031: 5723: 5357: 5053: 4928: 4819: 4783: 4756: 4716: 4578: 4542: 4368: 4319: 4129: 3871: 3456: 2816:

alone is not a reasonable predictor of plant phenolic concentrations.

2436:

and a rosmarinic acid 3'-O-β-D-glucoside can be found in the hornwort

2188:

have been isolated from in vitro culture of the freshwater green alga

954: 10321: 10258: 10248: 9736: 9588: 9583: 9578: 9401: 9311: 9271: 9169: 9133: 8990: 8963: 8955: 8914: 8906: 8868: 8809: 8238: 8147: 8100: 8031: 7871: 7726: 7684: 7570: 6558: 5919: 5902: 4283: 4019: 3994: 3217: 3194: 3162: 3158: 3077: 2976: 2893: 2875: 2783: 2646: 2618: 2522: 2460: 2397: 1736: 1724: 1687:

for every phenolic molecules. The technique can also be coupled with

1543: 1434: 1360: 1321: 1299: 1209: 1171: 1158: 1095: 1031: 973: 915: 801: 723:

is a dimer of gallic acid and forms the class of ellagitannins, or a

705: 685: 508: 439: 110: 106: 3963: 3682:

Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, Volume 8: Secondary Plant Products

2781:, phenolics act as chemical defence against herbivores. In tropical 1012: 10674: 10511: 10494: 10386: 10326: 10253: 10210: 10148: 10087: 9880: 9731: 9663: 9568: 9484: 9280: 9206: 9095: 9086: 9066: 9057: 8986: 8940: 8804: 8582: 8567: 8539: 8468: 8434: 8233: 8105: 8006: 7980: 7965: 7916: 7906: 7866: 7791: 7730: 7555: 7514: 7499: 7486: 3494:"The role of polyphenols in terrestrial ecosystem nutrient cycling" 3307: 3228: 3064: 3002:

in case of pathogens attacks. Such compounds can be implied in the

2879: 2813: 2801: 2769: 2728: 2572: 2568: 2562: 2554: 2550: 2484: 2429: 2356: 2279: 2209: 2185: 1826: 1539: 1535: 1460: 1438: 1367: 1325: 1252: 1214: 1202: 1198: 1045: 856: 831: 724: 689: 311: 303: 131: 10681: 10652: 10524: 10479: 10445: 10428: 10290: 9711: 9696: 9248: 8944: 8932: 8460: 8450: 8371: 8192: 8187: 8115: 8110: 8052: 8047: 8001: 7975: 7911: 7850: 7845: 7771: 7762: 7722: 7504: 7494: 5513: 5307: 4956:. Abd El-Baky Hanaa H., El Baz Farouk K. and El-Baroty Gamal S., 3315: 3291: 3287: 3190: 3178: 3042: 2918: 2809: 2710: 2642: 2641:

In some cases of natural phenols, they are present in vegetative

2502: 2467:, the phenolic substance concerned is 3:4-dihydroxybenzoic acid ( 2464: 2252: 2106: 2102: 2032: 1810: 1456: 1445: 1380: 1313: 1262: 1222: 1177: 825: 775: 746: 693: 264: 84: 7409: 6495: 4642: 3685:. Berlin Heidelberg New York: Springer-Verlag. pp. 329–395. 3441:"Phenolic Acids in Foods: An Overview of Analytical Methodology" 1578:

The recovery of natural phenols from biomass residue is part of

10698: 10693: 10686: 10669: 10647: 10484: 10464: 10350: 10268: 9528: 9492: 9409: 9288: 9027: 8994: 8799: 8621: 8163: 8021: 7955: 7921: 7892: 7805: 7560: 5287:

Robiquet (1829). "Essai analytique des lichens de l'orseille".

5142:"Regulation of Aromatic Alcohol Production in Candida albicans" 4304: 3993:

He, F.; Pan, Q. H.; Shi, Y.; Zhang, X. T.; Duan, C. Q. (2009).

3303: 3299: 3267: 3247: 3170: 2984: 2874:, which are synthesized during infection. It is present in the 2670: 2546: 2421: 2328: 2260: 2110: 2010: 1879: 1732: 1602: 1515: 1504: 1482: 1433:, which means that the natural phenols are mostly found in the 1346: 1269: 1265: 1192: 919: 810: 600: 504: 135: 50: 31: 5901:

Dillon, Rod J.; Vennard, Chris T.; Charnley, A. Keith (2000).

2323:

In conifers (Pinophyta), phenolics are stored in polyphenolic

2134:(BHT), an antioxidant, food additive and industrial chemical. 1925:(BHT), an antioxidant, food additive and industrial chemical. 1888:(an Actinobacterium). Phenolic compounds can be found in the 998: 907:

of the particular substance. Acylation with cinnamic acids of

759: 142:

This structure is repeated many times in each lignin molecule.

120: 90: 9681: 7431: 7419: 7243:

Organic Production and Food Quality: A Down to Earth Analysis

6539: 5755:

Acetosyringone on www.pherobase.com, the pheromones data base

4527: 3585:"Natural products: an evolving role in future drug discovery" 3202: 3186: 3146: 2987:

fruit. This compound showed high antifungal activity against

2761: 2674: 2576: 2558: 2256: 2201: 1946:. Another example of phenolics produced in proteobacteria is 1774: 1720: 1471: 1422: 1273: 1245: 1232: 904: 10718:

List of phytochemicals and foods in which they are prominent

7379:, by Wilfred Vermerris and Ralph Nicholson, 2006, Springer ( 7335:, by Pascal Ribéreau-Gayon, 1972, Oliver and Boyd Editions ( 6745: 6540:

Hovelstad, H.; Leirset, I.; Oyaas, K.; Fiksdahl, A. (2006).

6260:

Plant Resins: Chemistry, evolution, ecology, and ethnobotany

5074: 4432: 2812:) from both temperate and tropical regions, indicating that 1863:

Pigment 1 (AtPAP1) can be expressed in other plant species.

1467:(a chemical compound having a partial terpenoid structure). 1026: 102: 4077:"Nonenzymic Autoxidative Reactions of Caffeic Acid in Wine" 3851: 3210: 3198: 3154: 3038: 3014: 2903: 2724: 2662: 2425: 2221: 2042: 1921:

are the subject of research into the natural production of

1773:(ABAP)-generated peroxyl radicals in human hepatocarcinoma 1716: 1557:. Phenols have been investigated as drugs. For instance, 1040: 688:, which include several thousand compounds, among them the 681:, with two, three or several phenolic groups respectively. 6377: 5844:

Dillon, R.J.; Vennard, C.T.; Charnley, A.K. (April 2002).

5662: 5139: 4350: 3306:

has glucuronidase activity with many substrates including

2739:

pines, whose litterfall is rich in phenolic compounds and

2701:; they can be transformed into insoluble and recalcitrant 2130:

is the subject of research into the natural production of

1106:

in wines or in model solutions. This is correlated to the

731:, a process that also results in the large class of brown 6013:

Gajah, the Journal of the Asian Elephant Specialist Group

4832: 3216:

Natural phenols can also be found in fatty matrices like

3150: 2870:

toxin (i.e. synthesized prior to infection), contrary to

2580: 2505:

has been detected in the "toxic glue" of the ant species

2396:

Phenolics can also be found in non-vascular land plants (

770: 727:

and a gallocatechin can combine to form the red compound

4737: 2752:

microbes, pollinators and animals that disperse fruits.

1056:

The absorbance pattern responsible for the red color of

835:

produce terpenophenolic metabolites, compounds that are

9964: 6152: 4804: 4599: 4563: 4075:

Cilliers, Johannes J. L.; Singleton, Vernon L. (1990).

1817:

in food to induce an oxidative stress. The content of

962:, with lambda max at 321 and a shoulder at 278 nm. 843:

are long aliphatic chains bonded to a phenolic moiety.

7150: 5765: 5112: 3815: 3491: 1717:

2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)

1086:

dimer. New peaks have appeared in the oxidised sample.

6677:

Shih, C. -H.; Chu, I. K.; Yip, W. K.; Lo, C. (2006).

5961: 5900: 5843: 5708:"The occurrence of phenolic substances in arthropods" 4389: 3339:"Techniques for analysis of plant phenolic compounds" 2391: 1568: 8690:

Terpene synthase enzymes (many), having in common a

5343: 4109: 3704:, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 1543–1580, 3492:

Hättenschwiler, Stephan; Vitousek, Peter M. (2000).

3028: 2090:

O to produce dialkyl phosphate and an aryl alcohol.

7188: 7116:Gutfinger, T. (1981). "Polyphenols in olive oils". 7011:

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

5556: 5039: 4491: 4426: 3986: 3652:Vermerris, Wilfred; Nicholson, Ralph (2007-02-20). 3258:have more phenolic compounds and these may provide 1590:Studies on evaluating antioxidant capacity can use 1064:in photosynthetically active tissues such as young 7072: 5706:Hackman, R. H.; Pryor, M. G.; Todd, A. R. (1948). 3892: 3651: 3189:and fruit based drinks (including cider, wine and 3025:to locate potential host organisms for infection. 2793:species that are often preferentially consumed by 2445: 654:are not included in this Harborne classification. 200:Catechol, Hydroquinone, 2,6-Dimethoxybenzoquinone 6477:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 ( 5311:Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 4681:"Teneurs en principaux flavonoides des fleurs de 4306:Antioxidant Activity in Oil-in-Water Emulsions". 4074: 4041: 3397: 2226: 127:, a typical polyphenol of indeterminate structure 10728: 7394:Natural sources of phenols on www.britannica.com 6947: 6899:Brencic, Anja; Winans, Stephen C. (March 2005). 6095: 5800: 5705: 5378: 5232:"Quorum Sensing: Alcohols in a Social Situation" 4867: 3487: 3485: 2362: 2076:uses an aromatic alcohol and NADP to produce an 1754:(FRAP) assays or inhibition of copper-catalyzed 1702: 1625:A method for phenolic content quantification is 1503:can remove up to 80% of phenolic compounds from 990:(chrysanthemin), with lambda max at 518 nm. 8771: 6028: 5627: 5413: 4981: 4216: 4214: 3779:Page, Jonathan E.; Nagel, Jana (January 2006). 3625:Handbook of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods 2760:Volatile phenolic compounds are found in plant 2463:. In the analogous hardening of the cockroach 2066:uses an aromatic alcohol and NAD to produce an 7768:Iridoid glycosides (iridoids bound to a sugar) 6205:Western poison-oak: Toxicodendron diversilobum 5962:Marlier, J.; Quinet, Y.; Debiseau, J. (2004). 4835:Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 4702: 4150: 2882:. It is a fungitoxin protecting the wood from 1671:Quantitation results produced by the means of 1470:Methylations can occur by the formation of an 1316:(chemical synthesis is used in manufacturing) 1285:the major constituent of the essential oil of 9933: 9512: 8890: 8844: 8757: 7706: 7660: 7453: 7118:Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 6898: 6807: 6658:, 1992, volume 31, number 11, pp. 3807–3809, 6590: 6248:Biogeochemistry: An Analysis of Global Change 4115: 4042:Cilliers, J. J. L.; Singleton, V. L. (1989). 3992: 3482: 1874: 1771:2,2'-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride 1683:as there is a lack of commercially available 9526: 7272: 7265:, November 1988, Volume 85, pp. 8381–8385, ( 6772: 6676: 5903:"Exploitation of gut bacteria in the locust" 4220: 4211: 4068: 4035: 3582: 2819: 2755: 2376:is a phenolic compound found in the orchids 2208:. Vidalenolone can be found in the tropical 1989:as well as other phenylated substances like 1679:are generally given as relative rather than 159:and Simmonds in 1964 and published in 1980: 7674: 7325:, by J. B. Harborne, 1964, Academic Press ( 7013:, 2005, volume 328, number 1, pp. 130–136, 6775:Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology 6481:) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 6241: 4977: 4975: 4910: 4082:American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 3647: 3645: 2764:where they may attract benefactors such as 1526:Some natural phenols have been proposed as 9940: 9926: 9519: 9505: 8897: 8883: 8851: 8837: 8764: 8750: 7713: 7699: 7667: 7653: 7460: 7446: 7422:(Chemical Entities of Biological Interest) 7183:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 7153:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 6867: 6843:Danielone, a phytoalexin from papaya fruit 4917:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 4772:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 4745:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 4705:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 4531:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 4308:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 4118:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 4049:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 3859:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 3615: 3529: 3527: 3445:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 3332: 3330: 2896:, a type of flavonoid. It can be found in 2455:The hardening of the protein component of 818: 7467: 7296: 7115: 7049: 6924: 6694: 6567: 6557: 6326: 6275: 5918: 5861: 5748: 5731: 5255: 5214: 5173: 4870:Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 4468: 4450: 4327: 4246: 4194: 4176: 4018: 3937: 3914: 3778: 3695: 3658:. Springer Science & Business Media. 3559: 3374: 3364: 3354: 2772:of the herbivores that attack the plant. 2579:. P-cresol is also a major component in 2532: 2450: 2314:can be isolated from the freshwater fern 1351:(2-Isopropyl-5-methyl phenol) - found in 1082:Chromatograms showing the oxidation of a 684:A diverse family natural phenols are the 8858: 6207:, GlobalTwitcher, ed. Nicklas Stromberg 5588: 5586: 5286: 4972: 4769: 3678: 3642: 3533: 3336: 3120: 2723:is the process by which cations such as 2483:) and used in its communication system. 2477:is produced by the male leaffooted bug ( 2247:(flowering plants or Magnoliophyta) and 2222:Occurrence in land plants (embryophytes) 2093: 1948:3,5-dihydroxy-4-isopropyl-trans-stilbene 1613:Phenolic profiling can be achieved with 1385:a naturally occurring compound found in 1077: 1039: 1025: 1011: 997: 981: 967: 953: 935: 878: 130: 119: 101: 89: 70: 62: 8904: 7434:, a database of compounds found in food 7235: 7213:10.7326/0003-4819-157-5-201209040-00007 6974: 5950:Semiochemical - 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol 5196: 4960:, 2009, volume 31, number 1, pp. 8–16, 4495:European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 3899:from insect herbivory and excess light" 3731: 3672: 3621: 3524: 3438: 3327: 2537:In female elephants, the two compounds 2231:Phenolic compounds are mostly found in 2005:can also be isolated from fungi in the 1963: 1841:can also be recovered from the insect. 1615:liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry 1448:forms esters with fatty acids. In rye, 14: 10729: 6233:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 6015:, January 2001, Number 20, pages 1-8 ( 5146:Applied and Environmental Microbiology 5033: 4269: 3938:Sun, Weixing; Miller, Jack M. (2003). 3738:. Churchill Livingstone. p. 525. 3432: 3391: 3141:Notable sources of natural phenols in 2116: 1866: 1729:Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity 1135: 1060:may be complementary to that of green 138:, is around 25% of the composition of 9921: 9500: 8878: 8832: 8745: 7694: 7648: 7441: 6849:, 1997, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 255–256, 5592: 5583: 5559:Induced Plant Resistance to Herbivory 5495:, 1994, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 513–518, 5229: 4221:Bhattacharya, A; et al. (2010). 3893:Karageorgou, P.; Manetas, Y. (2006). 3576: 1950:, a bacterial stilbenoid produced in 1792:(rancidification assessment of fat). 1648:. Results are typically expressed as 1597:Detection can be made by recombinant 1585: 1124: 470:Halogenated algal phenolic compounds 6071:"Musth in elephants". Deepa Ananth, 5456: 4950:Production of phenolic compounds by 3622:Wildman, Robert E. C. (2016-04-19). 3405:Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 1521: 67:Phenol – the simplest of the phenols 7359:The Biochemistry of plant phenolics 5416:Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 5381:Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 5203:Journal of the Institute of Brewing 4982:Babu B.; Wu J. T. (December 2008). 3398:Amorati, R; Valgimigli, L. (2012). 3273: 3117:importance in plant biotechnology. 3033:Natural phenols can be involved in 2746: 1844: 665:, with only one phenolic group, or 24: 9947: 8692:terpene synthase N terminal domain 7377:Biochemistry of Phenolic Compounds 7323:Biochemistry of phenolic compounds 6950:Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 6760:10.1111/j.1439-0434.1993.tb01324.x 5216:10.1002/j.2050-0416.1973.tb03541.x 3698:"Phenolic Compounds: Introduction" 2392:Occurrences in non-vascular plants 2074:Aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+) 1898:, used in the dietary supplement, 1859:regulatory gene for production of 1748:oxygen radical absorbance capacity 1569:Industrial processing and analysis 1518:are used in the tanning industry. 1421:In plants, the phenolic units are 855:. An example of such molecules is 25: 10758: 7387: 6499:Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 4691:Plantes Medicinales Phytotherapie 4622:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.01.026 3785:Recent Advances in Phytochemistry 3760:Recent Advances in Phytochemistry 3534:Klepacka, J; et al. (2011). 3498:Trends in Ecology & Evolution 3337:Khoddami, A; et al. (2013). 3227:Phenolic compounds, when used in 3029:Role in allelopathic interactions 2993:, a pathogenic fungus of papaya. 2575:are also components of the human 2412:), for instance, the macrocycles 2176:and hydroxybenzaldehydes such as 1752:ferric reducing ability of plasma 1620: 1492: 1257:(2-methoxyphenol) - has a smokey 976:, with lambda max at 369 nm. 146: 7255: 7171: 7144: 7109: 7066: 5863:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2002.01581.x 5290:Annales de chimie et de physique 5011:10.1111/j.1529-8817.2008.00596.x 4239:10.1111/j.1364-3703.2010.00625.x 3762:, 2006, Volume 40, pp. 179–210, 3583:Mishra, BB; Tiwari, VK. (2011). 2656: 2327:cells, a tissue abundant in the 780: 769: 758: 10007:p-Hydroxybenzoic acid glucoside 7245:. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK. 7025: 7003: 6968: 6941: 6892: 6861: 6836: 6801: 6766: 6739: 6711: 6670: 6648: 6619: 6584: 6533: 6489: 6430: 6371: 6320: 6269: 6253: 6197: 6146: 6132: 6089: 6065: 6022: 6005: 5955: 5943: 5894: 5850:Journal of Applied Microbiology 5837: 5794: 5759: 5699: 5656: 5621: 5550: 5536:10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.10.028 5507: 5485: 5450: 5407: 5372: 5337: 5301: 5280: 5223: 5190: 5133: 5106: 5068: 4943: 4904: 4861: 4826: 4798: 4763: 4731: 4696: 4675: 4636: 4593: 4557: 4521: 4485: 4383: 4344: 4298: 4263: 4144: 3931: 3886: 3845: 3809: 3772: 3752: 3725: 3689: 2934:-specific 3-deoxyanthocyanidin 2446:Occurrences in other eukaryotes 1695:/MS) for more precise molecule 1510: 1394: 1139: 948:around 270 nanometers (nm) 445:Quercetin, cyanidin, Genistein 442:, Isoflavonoids, Neoflavonoids 10176:α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid 10123:Phloroglucinol carboxylic acid 9334:List of phytochemicals in food 7038:Journal of Experimental Botany 6917:10.1128/mmbr.69.1.155-194.2005 4392:Journal of Hazardous Materials 3655:Phenolic Compound Biochemistry 3137:List of phytochemicals in food 2374:2,4-Bis(4-hydroxybenzyl)phenol 2227:Occurrences in vascular plants 1940:phloroglucinol carboxylic acid 1911:Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii 1660:is also a colorimetric assay. 261:3-Acetyl-6-methoxybenzaldehyde 13: 1: 7298:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50724-4 6830:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86959-9 6043:10.1016/S0031-9384(99)00114-6 5615:10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00039-7 5479:10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00326-X 5436:10.1016/S0305-1978(00)00009-0 4412:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.10.091 3793:10.1016/S0079-9920(06)80042-0 3768:10.1016/S0079-9920(06)80042-0 3732:Jamison, Jennifer R. (2003). 3510:10.1016/S0169-5347(00)01861-9 3321: 3246:claim that organically grown 3076:Phenolics, and in particular 3037:interactions, for example in 2990:Colletotrichum gloesporioides 2910:against spore germination of 2599:4-methyl-1,2-dihydroxybenzene 2363:Occurrences in monocotyledons 1703:Antioxidant effect assessment 1463:. Those molecules are called 8169:Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate 7399: 6795:10.1016/0885-5765(87)90083-X 6605:10.1016/j.fitote.2004.12.004 6519:10.1016/j.plaphy.2011.07.008 6298:10.1126/science.223.4634.405 5983:10.1016/j.beproc.2004.07.003 5788:10.1016/0022-1910(76)90094-9 5768:Journal of Insect Physiology 5650:10.1016/0031-9422(74)85042-9 5401:10.1016/0305-1978(82)90044-8 5079:Food and Chemical Toxicology 4890:10.1016/0965-1748(95)00040-2 4507:10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.09.033 4178:10.1371/journal.pone.0033584 3999:Journal of Mass Spectrometry 3944:Journal of Mass Spectrometry 3831:10.1016/j.chroma.2006.01.060 3710:10.1007/978-3-642-22144-6_57 3601:10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.07.057 2963:, that allows resistance to 2959:induced in carrot slices by 2699:heterotrophic microorganisms 2408:can be found in liverworts ( 2270:In ferns, compounds such as 2035:) are produced by the yeast 2031:Aromatic alcohols (example: 1608: 1405:Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis 1227:the main constituent of the 1073: 911:shifted color tonality (CIE 846: 7: 9659:Pyrocatecollic type tannins 8719:Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate 7201:Annals of Internal Medicine 6155:Journal of Chemical Ecology 6098:Journal of Chemical Ecology 5803:Journal of Chemical Ecology 5567:10.1007/978-1-4020-8182-8_7 5346:Journal of Natural Products 4357:Journal of Natural Products 3819:Journal of Chromatography A 3783:. In Romeo, John T. (ed.). 3439:Robbins, Rebecca J (2003). 2930:, seems to be expressed in 2627:) and the European beaver ( 1803:Larvae of the model animal 1500:Phanerochaete chrysosporium 1298:a compound with an intense 1148:the active constituents of 43:naturally occurring phenols 27:Group of chemical compounds 10: 10763: 7579:Geranylgeranyl diphosphate 7263:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 7051:10.1093/jexbot/51.347.1167 6446:Journal of Plant Pathology 5323:10.1016/j.jpba.2009.03.027 5230:Hogan, Deborah A. (2006). 5197:Szlavko, Clara M. (1973). 3134: 3124: 2996:Stilbenes are produced in 2938:synthesis, for example in 2543:2-ethyl 4,5 dimethylphenol 2529:) as components of venom. 2487:is produced in the gut of 2064:Aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase 1902:. The three cyanobacteria 1885:Streptomyces neyagawaensis 1875:Occurrences in prokaryotes 1573: 1455:Some acetylations involve 1398: 1128: 269:p-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid 171:Number of phenolic cycles 29: 10709: 10633: 10570: 10552: 10510: 10371: 10340: 10314: 10281: 10229: 10166: 10141: 10078: 10045:3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid 10040:2,6-Dihydroxybenzoic acid 10035:2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid 10029:2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid 10019: 9999: 9973: 9955: 9912: 9893: 9833: 9778: 9753: 9672: 9634: 9607: 9544: 9535: 9491: 9477: 9442: 9408: 9394: 9381: 9324: 9302: 9279: 9270: 9247: 9220: 9197: 9188: 9160: 9132: 9109: 9080: 9051: 9035: 9026: 9004: 8977: 8954: 8931: 8922: 8913: 8867: 8823: 8780: 8734: 8713:Isopentenyl pyrophosphate 8705: 8683: 8667:Norisoprenoids (modified) 8666: 8639: 8591: 8538: 8523: 8506: 8443: 8370: 8360: 8343: 8282: 8256: 8226: 8201: 8180: 8156: 8146: 8085: 8040: 7989: 7943: 7934: 7885: 7859: 7838: 7819: 7781: 7738: 7683: 7630: 7602: 7569: 7541: 7523: 7485: 7475: 6962:10.1080/07352689991309441 6748:Journal of Phytopathology 6683:Plant and Cell Physiology 6031:Physiology & Behavior 5677:10.1007/s00425-005-0089-8 5257:10.1016/j.cub.2006.05.035 5127:10.1017/S0953756296003206 5092:10.1016/j.fct.2009.01.039 4958:Advances in food sciences 4661:10.1007/s11306-006-0031-5 4452:10.1186/s13071-015-0848-8 4095:10.5344/ajev.1990.41.1.84 3916:10.1093/treephys/26.5.613 3552:10.1007/s11130-010-0205-1 3366:10.3390/molecules18022328 3107:Agrobacterium tumefaciens 3023:Agrobacterium tumefaciens 2820:Defense against infection 2756:Defense against predators 2649:, such as in the case of 2557:(4-methyl phenol) during 2514:Rhynchophorus ferrugineus 2370:can be found in cereals. 2290:kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside 2278:can be isolated from the 2182:3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde 2041:. They are also found in 1971:can be found in mushroom 1831:glutathione S-transferase 1553:Some phenols are sold as 851:Many natural phenols are 10500:Syn-propanethial-S-oxide 10422:Phenethyl Isothiocyanate 9966:Monohydroxybenzoic acids 9622:1,3,6-Trigalloyl glucose 8706:Activated isoprene forms 8507:Sesquarterpenes/oids (7) 7756:Monocyclic (single ring) 7316: 6266:, Portland, Oregon. 2003 4693:, 1991, XXV, pages 12–16 3127:Phenolic content in wine 3113:Agrobacterium rhizogenes 3100:. The virA gene on the 2928:flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase 2715:dissolved organic carbon 2636: 2521:for chemical signaling ( 2243:(ferns and horsetails), 2191:Spongiochloris spongiosa 2132:butylated hydroxytoluene 2052:Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1923:butylated hydroxytoluene 1786:butylated hydroxyanisole 1782:butylated hydroxytoluene 1646:Folin-Ciocalteu reaction 1163:the pungent compound of 1104:B type proanthocyanidins 1020:, a hydroxycinnamic acid 895:between the benzene and 254:, Tyrosine derivatives, 230:Gallic, salicylic acids 49:containing at least one 10579:Saturated cyclic acids 10080:Trihydroxybenzoic acids 9344:O-methylated flavonoids 9339:C-methylated flavonoids 8329:Secodehydroabietic acid 7241:Blair, Robert. (2012). 7075:Plant Molecular Biology 6203:C.Michael Hogan (2008) 5712:The Biochemical Journal 4439:Parasites & Vectors 4272:Natural Product Reports 3131:Phenolic content in tea 3004:hypersensitive response 2607:5-methoxysalicylic acid 2519:2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol 2285:Phegopteris connectilis 2137:Phenolic acids such as 2017:, can be isolated from 1997:. Other compounds like 1956:bacterial symbionts of 1931:Pseudomonas fluorescens 1837:can be monitored. A pro 1760:low-density lipoprotein 1691:(for example, HPLC–DAD– 1650:gallic acid equivalents 986:UV visible spectrum of 972:UV visible spectrum of 958:UV visible spectrum of 940:UV visible spectrum of 925:Here is a series of UV 867:due to the presence of 819:Hybrid chemical classes 513:Pinoresinol, Eusiderin 165:Number of carbon atoms 10021:Dihydroxybenzoic acids 9384:Flavonoid biosynthesis 9222:3-hydroxyanthocyanidin 8124:Farnesyl pyrophosphate 6905:Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 6870:Eucalyptus sideroxylon 6262:, by Jean Langenheim, 6075:, 15(5), pp. 259-262 ( 3209:(walnuts, peanut) and 3070:Microcystis aeruginosa 2999:Eucalyptus sideroxylon 2686:acids), which bind to 2633:), used in perfumery. 2533:Occurrences in mammals 2517:(red palm weevil) use 2480:Leptoglossus phyllopus 2451:Occurrences in insects 2084:Aryldialkylphosphatase 2045:. These molecules are 1975:species. For example, 1944:diacetylphloroglucinol 1905:Microcystis aeruginosa 1835:glutathione peroxidase 1780:Other methods include 1744:diphenylpicrylhydrazyl 1629:. An oxidizing agent, 1487:C-methylated flavonoid 1401:Flavonoid biosynthesis 1312:precursor compound to 1108:non-enzymatic browning 1087: 1049: 1044:Chemical structure of 1035: 1030:Chemical structure of 1021: 1016:Chemical structure of 1007: 1002:Chemical structure of 991: 988:cyanidin-3-O-glucoside 977: 963: 949: 627:Raspberry ellagitannin 143: 128: 117: 99: 94:Chemical structure of 87: 75:Chemical structure of 68: 10475:3,3'-Diindolylmethane 10403:Aglycone derivatives 10168:Hydroxycinnamic acids 10050:Ethyl protocatechuate 9986:4-Hydroxybenzoic acid 9981:3-Hydroxybenzoic acid 9755:Flavono-ellagitannins 9746:Phlorofucofuroeckol B 9722:Phlorofucofuroeckol A 9654:Catechol-type tannins 9649:Polyflavonoid tannins 9199:3-deoxyanthocyanidins 8326:Sandaracopimaric acid 7971:Geranyl pyrophosphate 7469:Secondary metabolites 6460:(inactive 2024-09-18) 6458:10.4454/jpp.v91i3.549 6140:"Why study pig odor?" 5971:Behavioural Processes 3280:xenobiotic metabolism 3121:Content in human food 3084:, may be involved in 3048:Myriophyllum spicatum 2906:, where it acts as a 2848:is another grapevine 2615:3-hydroxybenzoic acid 2603:4-methoxyacetophenone 2595:3-hydroxyacetophenone 2493:Schistocerca gregaria 2340:Myriophyllum spicatum 2282:extract of fronds of 2235:(tracheophytes) i.e. 2178:p-hydroxybenzaldehyde 2094:Occurrences in lichen 1654:Ferric chloride (FeCl 1497:The white rot fungus 1452:are phenolic lipids. 1429:and are submitted to 1416:shikimic acid pathway 1414:, synthesized in the 1129:Further information: 1081: 1043: 1029: 1015: 1001: 985: 971: 957: 939: 879:UV visible absorbance 617:Polyphenolic proteins 296:Hydroxycinnamic acids 134: 123: 105: 93: 74: 66: 10490:Allyl isothiocyanate 10417:Allyl isothiocyanate 10231:Aromatic amino acids 10142:Other phenolic acids 9537:Hydrolysable tannins 9429:Secoisolariciresinol 8516:Tetraprenylcurcumene 7997:Grapefruit mercaptan 7195:Smith-Spangler, C.; 6886:10.1094/Phyto-64-939 5166:10.1128/AEM.01614-08 5115:Mycological Research 4991:Journal of Phycology 4645:Arabidopsis thaliana 4567:Analytical Chemistry 3540:Plant Foods Hum Nutr 3222:Unfiltered olive oil 2866:is a pre-infectious 2775:In the kelp species 2591:1,2-dihydroxybenzene 2508:Camponotus saundersi 2147:2,3-dihydroxybenzoic 2127:Botryococcus braunii 1964:Occurrences in fungi 1928:The proteobacterium 1823:superoxide dismutase 1673:diode array detector 1627:volumetric titration 1476:O-methylated flavone 1437:form instead of the 1090:Natural phenols are 823:Plants in the genus 797:Hydrolyzable tannins 410:Resveratrol, Emodin 58:traditional medicine 10264:5-hydroxytryptophan 10070:Protocatechuic acid 9779:Other Miscellaneous 8782:Natural monophenols 8299:Dehydroabietic acid 7765:(cyclopentane ring) 7551:Geranyl diphosphate 6822:1983PChem..22..669K 6787:1987PMPP...30...67H 6511:2012PlPB...50...65T 6392:1992Oecol..89..464T 6341:1986Oecol..69..628S 6290:1984Sci...223..405S 6167:1991JCEco..17..715M 6110:1978JCEco...4...17A 6073:Zoo's print journal 5815:1979JCEco...5...53A 5780:1976JInsP..22.1201A 5642:1974PChem..13.2295E 5607:2000WatRe..34.3026N 5528:2008PChem..69.1018C 5471:1999PChem..52..929A 5428:2000BioSE..28..865C 5393:1982BioSE..10....3P 5248:2006CBio...16.R457H 5158:2008ApEnM..74.7211G 5003:2008JPcgy..44.1447B 4882:1995IBMB...25.1081K 4808:J. Agric. Food Chem 4687:Cratageus Laevigata 4614:2006Chmsp..64.1910L 4404:2009JHzM..165.1091L 4353:Paulownia tomentosa 4169:2012PLoSO...733584Y 4062:10.1021/jf00088a013 4011:2009JMSp...44..633H 3956:2003JMSp...38..438S 3262:protection against 3242:Some advocates for 2859:Plasmopara viticola 2852:produced following 2498:Pantoea agglomerans 2469:protocatechuic acid 2439:Anthoceros agrestis 2117:Occurrence in algae 1995:phenylpyruvic acids 1977:protocatechuic acid 1867:Natural occurrences 1806:Galleria mellonella 1767:dichlorofluorescein 1555:dietary supplements 1136:Naturally occurring 1084:proanthocyanidin B2 889:bathochromic shifts 346:Juglone, Plumbagin 10351:Phenolic compounds 9594:Tellimagrandin IIs 8774:phenolic compounds 8736:Phenolic compounds 7759:Bicyclic (2 rings) 7410:phenol-explorer.eu 7130:10.1007/BF02659771 7087:10.1007/BF00021308 7044:(347): 1167–1169. 6989:10.1007/BF02257529 6732:2011-07-25 at the 6696:10.1093/pcp/pcl003 6400:10.1007/BF00317150 6349:10.1007/BF00410374 6175:10.1007/BF00994195 6118:10.1007/BF00988256 6082:2018-06-04 at the 5823:10.1007/BF00987687 4847:10.1002/arch.20194 4683:Cratageus monogyna 3418:10.1039/c2ob25174d 2953:dihydroisocoumarin 2913:Pyricularia oryzae 2899:Polymnia fruticosa 2651:Western poison oak 2617:are components of 2402:Dihydrostilbenoids 1586:Analytical methods 1563:combretastatin A-4 1261:, and is found in 1125:Phenolic compounds 1088: 1050: 1048:, an anthocyanidin 1036: 1022: 1008: 992: 978: 964: 950: 256:Phenylacetic acids 226:Phenolic aldehydes 144: 129: 118: 100: 88: 69: 10742:Functional groups 10724: 10723: 10470:Indole-3-carbinol 10456:Diallyl disulfide 10365: 10364: 10277: 10276: 10162: 10161: 10060:Homogentisic acid 10031:(Hypogallic acid) 10015: 10014: 9908: 9907: 9829: 9828: 9796:Synthetic tannins 9758:(complex tannins) 9644:Proanthocyanidins 9636:Condensed tannins 9630: 9629: 9617:Digalloyl glucose 9527:Types of natural 9390: 9389: 9377: 9376: 9320: 9319: 9293:Isoliquiritigenin 9243: 9242: 9184: 9183: 9022: 9021: 8728: 8727: 8676:7,8-dihydroionone 8635: 8634: 8502: 8501: 8339: 8338: 8307:Lambertianic acid 8081: 8080: 7930: 7929: 7745:Acyclic (linear, 7642: 7641: 7632:←Enzyme cofactors 7251:978-0-8138-1217-5 7165:10.1021/jf970831x 6689:(10): 1412–1419. 6284:(4634): 405–407. 5724:10.1042/bj0430474 5636:(10): 2295–2299. 5601:(11): 3026–3032. 5576:978-1-4020-8181-1 5358:10.1021/np010319c 5242:(12): R457–R458. 5152:(23): 7211–7218. 5054:10.1021/ja042340g 5048:(15): 5332–5333. 4929:10.1021/jf903527y 4876:(10): 1081–1091. 4820:10.1021/jf960281n 4784:10.1021/jf0715166 4778:(22): 8896–8907. 4757:10.1021/jf960721a 4717:10.1021/jf8026765 4579:10.1021/ac101854w 4543:10.1021/jf101174x 4537:(14): 8279–8285. 4501:(12): 5752–5766. 4369:10.1021/np070063w 4320:10.1021/jf1009928 4130:10.1021/jf981134n 3897:Quercus coccifera 3872:10.1021/jf0204811 3866:(21): 6172–6181. 3457:10.1021/jf026182t 3451:(10): 2866–2887. 3412:(21): 4147–4158. 3104:in the genome of 2926:gene, encoding a 2624:Castor canadensis 2331:of all conifers. 2078:aromatic aldehyde 2068:aromatic aldehyde 2020:Aspergillus niger 1986:Agaricus bisporus 1689:mass spectrometry 1522:Aspirational uses 1392: 1391: 1340:neurotransmitters 1281:Methyl salicylate 1067:Quercus coccifera 1054: 1053: 1006:, a phenolic acid 816: 815: 806:Condensed tannins 637: 636: 612:Condensed tannins 606:Catechol melanins 273:Homogentisic acid 81:active metabolite 16:(Redirected from 10754: 10332:Alkylresorcinols 10196:Chlorogenic acid 9971: 9970: 9962: 9961: 9942: 9935: 9928: 9919: 9918: 9869:Phenylpropanoids 9841:Diarylheptanoids 9717:Fucophlorethol A 9542: 9541: 9521: 9514: 9507: 9498: 9497: 9359:Prenylflavonoids 9354:Pyranoflavonoids 9349:Furanoflavonoids 9277: 9276: 9195: 9194: 9123:Leucodelphinidin 9111:Flavan-3,4-diols 9033: 9032: 9014:Dalbergichromene 8929: 8928: 8920: 8919: 8899: 8892: 8885: 8876: 8875: 8853: 8846: 8839: 8830: 8829: 8766: 8759: 8752: 8743: 8742: 8536: 8535: 8368: 8367: 8345:Sesterterpenoids 8311:Levopimaric acid 8173:Geranyl-linalool 8154: 8153: 8087:Sesquiterpenoids 8027:Perillyl alcohol 7941: 7940: 7836: 7835: 7715: 7708: 7701: 7692: 7691: 7669: 7662: 7655: 7646: 7645: 7462: 7455: 7448: 7439: 7438: 7311: 7310: 7300: 7276: 7270: 7259: 7253: 7239: 7233: 7232: 7192: 7186: 7177:Asami, Danny K. 7175: 7169: 7168: 7159:(4): 1247–1252. 7148: 7142: 7141: 7113: 7107: 7106: 7070: 7064: 7063: 7053: 7029: 7023: 7019: 7007: 7001: 7000: 6972: 6966: 6965: 6945: 6939: 6938: 6928: 6896: 6890: 6889: 6865: 6859: 6855: 6840: 6834: 6833: 6805: 6799: 6798: 6770: 6764: 6763: 6743: 6737: 6715: 6709: 6708: 6698: 6674: 6668: 6664: 6652: 6646: 6645: 6643: 6642: 6633:. Archived from 6631:home.ncifcrf.gov 6623: 6617: 6616: 6588: 6582: 6581: 6571: 6561: 6559:10.3390/11010103 6537: 6531: 6530: 6493: 6487: 6486: 6476: 6468: 6466: 6465: 6443: 6434: 6428: 6427: 6375: 6369: 6368: 6324: 6318: 6317: 6273: 6267: 6257: 6251: 6245: 6239: 6238: 6232: 6224: 6222: 6221: 6212:. Archived from 6201: 6195: 6194: 6150: 6144: 6143: 6136: 6130: 6129: 6093: 6087: 6069: 6063: 6062: 6026: 6020: 6009: 6003: 6002: 5968: 5959: 5953: 5947: 5941: 5940: 5922: 5920:10.1038/35002669 5898: 5892: 5891: 5865: 5841: 5835: 5834: 5798: 5792: 5791: 5774:(9): 1201–1206. 5763: 5757: 5752: 5746: 5745: 5735: 5703: 5697: 5696: 5660: 5654: 5653: 5625: 5619: 5618: 5590: 5581: 5580: 5554: 5548: 5547: 5522:(4): 1018–1023. 5511: 5505: 5501: 5489: 5483: 5482: 5454: 5448: 5447: 5411: 5405: 5404: 5376: 5370: 5369: 5341: 5335: 5334: 5305: 5299: 5298: 5284: 5278: 5277: 5259: 5227: 5221: 5220: 5218: 5194: 5188: 5187: 5177: 5137: 5131: 5130: 5110: 5104: 5103: 5072: 5066: 5065: 5042:J. Am. Chem. Soc 5037: 5031: 5030: 4997:(6): 1447–1454. 4988: 4979: 4970: 4966: 4952:Spirulina maxima 4947: 4941: 4940: 4908: 4902: 4901: 4865: 4859: 4858: 4830: 4824: 4823: 4802: 4796: 4795: 4767: 4761: 4760: 4751:(5): 1638–1643. 4735: 4729: 4728: 4700: 4694: 4679: 4673: 4672: 4640: 4634: 4633: 4597: 4591: 4590: 4561: 4555: 4554: 4525: 4519: 4518: 4489: 4483: 4482: 4472: 4454: 4430: 4424: 4423: 4387: 4381: 4380: 4348: 4342: 4341: 4331: 4302: 4296: 4295: 4284:10.1039/b001717p 4267: 4261: 4260: 4250: 4227:Mol Plant Pathol 4218: 4209: 4208: 4198: 4180: 4148: 4142: 4141: 4124:(5): 2109–2115. 4113: 4107: 4106: 4072: 4066: 4065: 4039: 4033: 4032: 4022: 4020:10.1002/jms.1536 3990: 3984: 3983: 3935: 3929: 3928: 3918: 3890: 3884: 3883: 3849: 3843: 3842: 3813: 3807: 3806: 3776: 3770: 3756: 3750: 3749: 3729: 3723: 3722: 3693: 3687: 3686: 3676: 3670: 3669: 3649: 3640: 3639: 3619: 3613: 3612: 3595:(10): 4769–807. 3580: 3574: 3573: 3563: 3531: 3522: 3521: 3489: 3480: 3479: 3477: 3476: 3467:. Archived from 3436: 3430: 3429: 3395: 3389: 3388: 3378: 3368: 3358: 3334: 3274:Human metabolism 3061:pyrogallic acids 3019:histidine kinase 2966:Botrytis cinerea 2949:6-Methoxymellein 2884:fungal infection 2854:fungal infection 2841:Botrytis cinerea 2778:Alaria marginata 2747:Role in survival 2692:metal hydroxides 2428:(Bryophyta) and 2368:Alkylresorcinols 2353:pyrogallic acids 2317:Salvinia molesta 2143:p-hydroxybenzoic 2038:Candida albicans 2003:thelephoric acid 1882:can be found in 1845:Genetic analysis 1532:Furanoflavonoids 1450:alkylresorcinols 1359:that is used in 1294:Raspberry ketone 1140: 1131:Category:Phenols 932: 931: 885:Woodward's rules 869:planar chirality 865:optical activity 784: 773: 762: 752: 751: 745:Nomenclature of 652:Diarylheptanoids 194:Simple phenols, 162: 161: 157:Jeffrey Harborne 54:functional group 47:natural products 21: 10762: 10761: 10757: 10756: 10755: 10753: 10752: 10751: 10727: 10726: 10725: 10720: 10705: 10660:Polysaccharides 10643:Monosaccharides 10629: 10566: 10548: 10506: 10407:Isothiocyanates 10392:Gluconasturtiin 10382:isothiocyanates 10367: 10366: 10361: 10336: 10310: 10283:Phenylethanoids 10273: 10225: 10201:Diferulic acids 10158: 10137: 10074: 10065:Orsellinic acid 10011: 9995: 9951: 9946: 9904: 9889: 9863:Naphthoquinones 9825: 9774: 9765:Epicutissimin A 9757: 9749: 9668: 9626: 9603: 9531: 9525: 9487: 9473: 9446: 9438: 9416: 9412: 9404: 9386: 9373: 9316: 9304:Dihydrochalcone 9298: 9266: 9239: 9216: 9180: 9156: 9128: 9105: 9084: 9076: 9055: 9047: 9018: 9000: 8973: 8950: 8909: 8903: 8871: 8863: 8857: 8819: 8776: 8770: 8730: 8729: 8724: 8701: 8679: 8662: 8631: 8587: 8527: 8525:Tetraterpenoids 8519: 8498: 8439: 8430:Cholecalciferol 8356: 8353:Geranylfarnesol 8335: 8318:Neoabietic acid 8303:Isopimaric acid 8278: 8252: 8222: 8197: 8176: 8142: 8077: 8036: 7985: 7936: 7935:Monoterpenoids 7926: 7881: 7855: 7831: 7827: 7823: 7815: 7811:Isovaleric acid 7801: 7797: 7777: 7734: 7719: 7679: 7673: 7643: 7638: 7626: 7598: 7565: 7537: 7525:Natural phenols 7519: 7481: 7471: 7466: 7406:Phenol-Explorer 7402: 7390: 7333:Plant phenolics 7319: 7314: 7277: 7273: 7260: 7256: 7240: 7236: 7197:Brandeau, M. L. 7193: 7189: 7176: 7172: 7149: 7145: 7114: 7110: 7071: 7067: 7030: 7026: 7017: 7008: 7004: 6973: 6969: 6946: 6942: 6897: 6893: 6866: 6862: 6853: 6841: 6837: 6806: 6802: 6771: 6767: 6744: 6740: 6734:Wayback Machine 6716: 6712: 6675: 6671: 6662: 6653: 6649: 6640: 6638: 6625: 6624: 6620: 6589: 6585: 6538: 6534: 6494: 6490: 6470: 6469: 6463: 6461: 6441: 6435: 6431: 6376: 6372: 6325: 6321: 6274: 6270: 6258: 6254: 6246: 6242: 6226: 6225: 6219: 6217: 6210:"Archived copy" 6208: 6202: 6198: 6151: 6147: 6138: 6137: 6133: 6094: 6090: 6084:Wayback Machine 6070: 6066: 6027: 6023: 6010: 6006: 5966: 5960: 5956: 5952:, Pherobase.com 5948: 5944: 5899: 5895: 5842: 5838: 5799: 5795: 5764: 5760: 5753: 5749: 5704: 5700: 5661: 5657: 5626: 5622: 5591: 5584: 5577: 5561:. p. 147. 5555: 5551: 5512: 5508: 5499: 5490: 5486: 5455: 5451: 5412: 5408: 5377: 5373: 5342: 5338: 5306: 5302: 5285: 5281: 5236:Current Biology 5228: 5224: 5195: 5191: 5138: 5134: 5111: 5107: 5073: 5069: 5038: 5034: 4986: 4980: 4973: 4964: 4948: 4944: 4909: 4905: 4866: 4862: 4831: 4827: 4803: 4799: 4768: 4764: 4736: 4732: 4701: 4697: 4680: 4676: 4641: 4637: 4598: 4594: 4573:(20): 8703–10. 4562: 4558: 4526: 4522: 4490: 4486: 4431: 4427: 4398:(1–3): 1091–7. 4388: 4384: 4349: 4345: 4303: 4299: 4268: 4264: 4219: 4212: 4149: 4145: 4114: 4110: 4073: 4069: 4040: 4036: 3991: 3987: 3964:10.1002/jms.456 3936: 3932: 3903:Tree Physiology 3891: 3887: 3850: 3846: 3814: 3810: 3803: 3777: 3773: 3757: 3753: 3746: 3730: 3726: 3720: 3694: 3690: 3677: 3673: 3666: 3650: 3643: 3636: 3620: 3616: 3581: 3577: 3532: 3525: 3490: 3483: 3474: 3472: 3437: 3433: 3396: 3392: 3356:10.1.1.386.9960 3335: 3328: 3324: 3296:glucuronic acid 3276: 3256:leaf vegetables 3244:organic farming 3143:human nutrition 3139: 3133: 3125:Main articles: 3123: 3086:endomycorrhizae 3031: 2846:delta-viniferin 2822: 2758: 2749: 2659: 2639: 2611:salicylaldehyde 2535: 2453: 2448: 2434:rosmarinic acid 2410:Marchantiophyta 2394: 2379:Gastrodia elata 2365: 2300:Hypogallic acid 2233:vascular plants 2229: 2224: 2204:, are found in 2200:, for instance 2119: 2099:Gyrophoric acid 2096: 2089: 2080:, NADPH and H. 1966: 1958:Heterorhabditis 1877: 1869: 1847: 1819:malondialdehyde 1790:Rancimat method 1705: 1681:absolute values 1666: 1657: 1623: 1611: 1592:electrochemical 1588: 1576: 1571: 1524: 1513: 1495: 1407: 1399:Main articles: 1397: 1186:neuroprotectant 1138: 1133: 1127: 1094:species toward 1076: 881: 873:axial chirality 849: 841:Phenolic lipids 821: 793:Class/Polymer: 785: 774: 763: 650: 646: 642: 630: 620: 615: 609: 604: 594: 590: 586: 582: 578: 576: 572: 568: 566: 562: 558: 536: 532: 528: 524: 498: 494: 490: 464: 460: 456: 429: 425: 421: 395: 391: 387: 365: 361: 357: 342:Naphthoquinones 335: 331: 289: 285: 245: 241: 215: 211: 188: 168:Basic skeleton 149: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 10760: 10750: 10749: 10744: 10739: 10722: 10721: 10716: 10714: 10707: 10706: 10704: 10703: 10702: 10701: 10696: 10691: 10690: 10689: 10679: 10678: 10677: 10672: 10657: 10656: 10655: 10650: 10639: 10637: 10631: 10630: 10628: 10627: 10622: 10617: 10612: 10607: 10605:Anacardic acid 10602: 10597: 10592: 10591: 10590: 10585: 10576: 10574: 10568: 10567: 10565: 10564: 10558: 10556: 10550: 10549: 10547: 10546: 10545: 10544: 10539: 10529: 10528: 10527: 10516: 10514: 10508: 10507: 10505: 10504: 10503: 10502: 10497: 10492: 10487: 10482: 10477: 10472: 10462: 10461: 10460: 10459: 10458: 10448: 10441:Organosulfides 10438: 10437: 10436: 10431: 10426: 10425: 10424: 10419: 10414: 10401: 10400: 10399: 10394: 10389: 10377: 10375: 10373:Glucosinolates 10369: 10368: 10363: 10362: 10360: 10359: 10353: 10347: 10345: 10338: 10337: 10335: 10334: 10329: 10324: 10318: 10316: 10312: 10311: 10309: 10308: 10303: 10298: 10296:Hydroxytyrosol 10293: 10287: 10285: 10279: 10278: 10275: 10274: 10272: 10271: 10266: 10261: 10256: 10251: 10246: 10241: 10235: 10233: 10227: 10226: 10224: 10223: 10221:Sinapinic acid 10218: 10213: 10208: 10203: 10198: 10193: 10188: 10183: 10178: 10172: 10170: 10164: 10163: 10160: 10159: 10157: 10156: 10151: 10145: 10143: 10139: 10138: 10136: 10135: 10130: 10125: 10120: 10115: 10110: 10105: 10100: 10095: 10090: 10084: 10082: 10076: 10075: 10073: 10072: 10067: 10062: 10057: 10052: 10047: 10042: 10037: 10032: 10025: 10023: 10017: 10016: 10013: 10012: 10010: 10009: 10003: 10001: 9997: 9996: 9994: 9993: 9991:Salicylic acid 9988: 9983: 9977: 9975: 9968: 9959: 9957:Phenolic acids 9953: 9952: 9949:Aromatic acids 9945: 9944: 9937: 9930: 9922: 9916: 9914:Aromatic acids 9910: 9909: 9906: 9905: 9900: 9898: 9891: 9890: 9888: 9887: 9878: 9872: 9866: 9860: 9855: 9849: 9847:Anthraquinones 9844: 9837: 9835: 9831: 9830: 9827: 9826: 9824: 9823: 9822: 9821: 9816: 9811: 9806: 9798: 9793: 9791:Pseudo tannins 9788: 9786:Tannin sources 9782: 9780: 9776: 9775: 9773: 9772: 9767: 9761: 9759: 9751: 9750: 9748: 9747: 9744: 9739: 9734: 9729: 9724: 9719: 9714: 9709: 9704: 9699: 9694: 9689: 9684: 9678: 9676: 9670: 9669: 9667: 9666: 9661: 9656: 9651: 9646: 9640: 9638: 9632: 9631: 9628: 9627: 9625: 9624: 9619: 9613: 9611: 9605: 9604: 9602: 9601: 9596: 9591: 9586: 9581: 9576: 9571: 9566: 9561: 9556: 9550: 9548: 9539: 9533: 9532: 9524: 9523: 9516: 9509: 9501: 9495: 9489: 9488: 9483: 9481: 9475: 9474: 9472: 9471: 9466: 9461: 9456: 9450: 9448: 9440: 9439: 9437: 9436: 9431: 9426: 9420: 9418: 9414: 9406: 9405: 9400: 9398: 9396:Flavonolignans 9392: 9391: 9388: 9387: 9382: 9379: 9378: 9375: 9374: 9372: 9371: 9366: 9364:Methylenedioxy 9361: 9356: 9351: 9346: 9341: 9336: 9330: 9328: 9322: 9321: 9318: 9317: 9315: 9314: 9308: 9306: 9300: 9299: 9297: 9296: 9285: 9283: 9274: 9268: 9267: 9265: 9264: 9259: 9253: 9251: 9245: 9244: 9241: 9240: 9238: 9237: 9234:Guibourtinidin 9226: 9224: 9218: 9217: 9215: 9214: 9203: 9201: 9192: 9190:Anthocyanidins 9186: 9185: 9182: 9181: 9179: 9178: 9172: 9166: 9164: 9158: 9157: 9155: 9154: 9149: 9144: 9138: 9136: 9130: 9129: 9127: 9126: 9115: 9113: 9107: 9106: 9104: 9103: 9092: 9090: 9078: 9077: 9075: 9074: 9063: 9061: 9049: 9048: 9046: 9045: 9039: 9037: 9030: 9024: 9023: 9020: 9019: 9017: 9016: 9010: 9008: 9002: 9001: 8999: 8998: 8983: 8981: 8975: 8974: 8972: 8971: 8960: 8958: 8952: 8951: 8949: 8948: 8937: 8935: 8926: 8917: 8911: 8910: 8902: 8901: 8894: 8887: 8879: 8873: 8865: 8864: 8856: 8855: 8848: 8841: 8833: 8827: 8821: 8820: 8818: 8817: 8812: 8807: 8802: 8797: 8792: 8786: 8784: 8778: 8777: 8769: 8768: 8761: 8754: 8746: 8740: 8738: 8732: 8731: 8726: 8725: 8723: 8722: 8716: 8709: 8707: 8703: 8702: 8700: 8699: 8696:protein domain 8687: 8685: 8681: 8680: 8678: 8677: 8674: 8670: 8668: 8664: 8663: 8661: 8660: 8657: 8652: 8650:Natural rubber 8646: 8644: 8641:Polyterpenoids 8637: 8636: 8633: 8632: 8630: 8629: 8624: 8619: 8614: 8609: 8604: 8598: 8596: 8589: 8588: 8586: 8585: 8580: 8575: 8570: 8565: 8563:Delta-Carotene 8560: 8558:Gamma-Carotene 8555: 8550: 8548:Alpha-Carotene 8544: 8542: 8533: 8521: 8520: 8518: 8517: 8514: 8510: 8508: 8504: 8503: 8500: 8499: 8497: 8496: 8495: 8494: 8489: 8487:Betulinic acid 8484: 8479: 8477:Oleanolic acid 8471: 8466: 8463: 8458: 8453: 8447: 8445: 8441: 8440: 8438: 8437: 8432: 8427: 8422: 8417: 8412: 8411: 8410: 8405: 8400: 8395: 8390: 8389:Citrostadienol 8387: 8376: 8374: 8365: 8358: 8357: 8355: 8354: 8350: 8348: 8341: 8340: 8337: 8336: 8334: 8333: 8332:Palustric acid 8330: 8327: 8324: 8319: 8316: 8313: 8308: 8305: 8300: 8297: 8294: 8288: 8286: 8280: 8279: 8277: 8276: 8271: 8266: 8260: 8258: 8254: 8253: 8251: 8250: 8247: 8244: 8241: 8236: 8230: 8228: 8224: 8223: 8221: 8220: 8215: 8212: 8205: 8203: 8199: 8198: 8196: 8195: 8190: 8184: 8182: 8178: 8177: 8175: 8174: 8171: 8166: 8160: 8158: 8151: 8144: 8143: 8141: 8140: 8137: 8134: 8129: 8126: 8121: 8118: 8113: 8108: 8103: 8098: 8092: 8090: 8083: 8082: 8079: 8078: 8076: 8075: 8070: 8065: 8060: 8058:Bornyl acetate 8055: 8050: 8044: 8042: 8038: 8037: 8035: 8034: 8029: 8024: 8019: 8009: 8004: 7999: 7993: 7991: 7987: 7986: 7984: 7983: 7978: 7973: 7968: 7963: 7958: 7953: 7947: 7945: 7938: 7932: 7931: 7928: 7927: 7925: 7924: 7919: 7914: 7909: 7904: 7889: 7887: 7883: 7882: 7880: 7879: 7874: 7869: 7863: 7861: 7857: 7856: 7854: 7853: 7848: 7842: 7840: 7833: 7829: 7825: 7817: 7816: 7814: 7813: 7808: 7803: 7799: 7795: 7788: 7786: 7783:Hemiterpenoids 7779: 7778: 7776: 7775: 7769: 7766: 7760: 7757: 7754: 7742: 7740: 7736: 7735: 7718: 7717: 7710: 7703: 7695: 7689: 7687: 7681: 7680: 7677:phytochemicals 7672: 7671: 7664: 7657: 7649: 7640: 7639: 7636: 7634: 7628: 7627: 7625: 7624: 7619: 7614: 7608: 7606: 7600: 7599: 7597: 7596: 7591: 7586: 7581: 7575: 7573: 7567: 7566: 7564: 7563: 7558: 7553: 7547: 7545: 7543:Monoterpenoids 7539: 7538: 7536: 7535: 7529: 7527: 7521: 7520: 7518: 7517: 7512: 7507: 7502: 7497: 7491: 7489: 7483: 7482: 7479: 7477: 7473: 7472: 7465: 7464: 7457: 7450: 7442: 7436: 7435: 7429: 7423: 7413: 7401: 7398: 7397: 7396: 7389: 7388:External links 7386: 7385: 7384: 7374: 7356: 7330: 7318: 7315: 7313: 7312: 7291:(5): 3257–61. 7271: 7254: 7234: 7207:(5): 348–366. 7187: 7170: 7143: 7108: 7081:(4): 291–298. 7065: 7024: 7002: 6983:(2): 241–305. 6977:Plant and Soil 6967: 6940: 6911:(1): 155–194. 6891: 6874:Phytopathology 6860: 6847:Phytochemistry 6835: 6816:(3): 669–672. 6810:Phytochemistry 6800: 6765: 6738: 6723:Colletotrichum 6710: 6669: 6656:Phytochemistry 6647: 6618: 6599:(2): 258–260. 6583: 6552:(1): 103–114. 6532: 6488: 6452:(3): 579–588. 6429: 6386:(4): 464–470. 6370: 6335:(4): 628–630. 6319: 6268: 6252: 6240: 6196: 6145: 6131: 6088: 6064: 6021: 6004: 5954: 5942: 5893: 5856:(4): 759–763. 5836: 5793: 5758: 5747: 5718:(3): 474–477. 5698: 5671:(2): 369–373. 5655: 5630:Phytochemistry 5620: 5595:Water Research 5582: 5575: 5549: 5516:Phytochemistry 5506: 5493:Phytochemistry 5484: 5465:(5): 929–934. 5459:Phytochemistry 5449: 5422:(9): 865–879. 5406: 5371: 5336: 5317:(2): 464–470. 5300: 5279: 5222: 5209:(4): 283–288. 5189: 5132: 5105: 5067: 5032: 4971: 4942: 4923:(3): 1639–45. 4913:Brassica napus 4903: 4860: 4825: 4814:(3): 632–638. 4797: 4762: 4741:Vitis vinifera 4730: 4711:(4): 1156–61. 4695: 4674: 4655:(4): 197–219. 4647:using LC/MS". 4635: 4608:(11): 1910–9. 4592: 4556: 4520: 4484: 4425: 4382: 4343: 4314:(13): 8021–6. 4297: 4262: 4210: 4143: 4108: 4067: 4056:(4): 890–896. 4034: 4005:(5): 633–640. 3985: 3950:(4): 438–446. 3930: 3909:(5): 613–621. 3885: 3844: 3825:(1–2): 263–8. 3808: 3801: 3771: 3751: 3744: 3724: 3718: 3688: 3671: 3664: 3641: 3634: 3614: 3589:Eur J Med Chem 3575: 3523: 3504:(6): 238–243. 3481: 3431: 3390: 3349:(2): 2328–75. 3325: 3323: 3320: 3312:anthraquinones 3275: 3272: 3122: 3119: 3092:Acetosyringone 3030: 3027: 2971:microorganisms 2945:interactions. 2942:Colletotrichum 2827:Vitis vinifera 2821: 2818: 2757: 2754: 2748: 2745: 2658: 2655: 2645:to discourage 2638: 2635: 2539:3-ethyl phenol 2534: 2531: 2489:Desert locusts 2475:Acetosyringone 2457:insect cuticle 2452: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2406:bis(dibenzyls) 2393: 2390: 2385:Galeola faberi 2364: 2361: 2295:Selliguea feei 2237:Lycopodiophyta 2228: 2225: 2223: 2220: 2170:salicylic acid 2139:protocatechuic 2118: 2115: 2095: 2092: 2087: 2070:, NADH and H. 2061: 2060: 2049:compounds for 2047:quorum sensing 2029: 2028: 2007:Agaricomycetes 1973:basidiomycetes 1969:Phenolic acids 1965: 1962: 1936:phloroglucinol 1890:cyanobacterium 1876: 1873: 1868: 1865: 1853:of genes. The 1846: 1843: 1809:, also called 1801: 1800: 1713: 1712: 1704: 1701: 1697:identification 1664: 1655: 1635:standard curve 1622: 1621:Quantification 1619: 1610: 1607: 1587: 1584: 1575: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1523: 1520: 1512: 1509: 1494: 1493:Biodegradation 1491: 1444:In olive oil, 1396: 1393: 1390: 1389: 1383: 1377: 1376: 1370: 1364: 1363: 1349: 1343: 1342: 1336: 1318: 1317: 1310: 1308:Salicylic acid 1304: 1303: 1296: 1290: 1289: 1283: 1277: 1276: 1255: 1249: 1248: 1242: 1236: 1235: 1225: 1219: 1218: 1212: 1206: 1205: 1195: 1189: 1188: 1174: 1168: 1167: 1161: 1155: 1154: 1146: 1137: 1134: 1126: 1123: 1075: 1072: 1052: 1051: 1037: 1023: 1009: 994: 993: 979: 965: 951: 909:anthocyanidins 880: 877: 848: 845: 820: 817: 814: 813: 808: 799: 794: 790: 789: 778: 767: 756: 740:flavonolignans 710:anthocyanidins 659:simple phenols 648: 644: 640: 635: 634: 624: 598: 595: 592: 588: 584: 580: 574: 570: 564: 560: 556: 553: 549: 548: 547:Amentoflavone 545: 540: 537: 534: 530: 526: 522: 519: 515: 514: 511: 502: 499: 496: 492: 488: 485: 481: 480: 471: 468: 465: 462: 458: 454: 451: 447: 446: 443: 433: 430: 427: 423: 419: 416: 412: 411: 408: 406:Anthraquinones 399: 396: 393: 389: 385: 382: 378: 377: 374: 369: 366: 363: 359: 355: 352: 348: 347: 344: 339: 336: 333: 329: 326: 322: 321: 314: 293: 290: 287: 283: 280: 276: 275: 258: 249: 246: 243: 239: 236: 232: 231: 228: 222:Phenolic acids 219: 216: 213: 209: 206: 202: 201: 198: 192: 189: 186: 183: 179: 178: 175: 172: 169: 166: 153:classification 148: 147:Classification 145: 77:salicylic acid 26: 18:Natural phenol 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10759: 10748: 10747:Disinfectants 10745: 10743: 10740: 10738: 10735: 10734: 10732: 10719: 10715: 10712: 10708: 10700: 10697: 10695: 10692: 10688: 10685: 10684: 10683: 10680: 10676: 10673: 10671: 10668: 10667: 10666: 10663: 10662: 10661: 10658: 10654: 10651: 10649: 10646: 10645: 10644: 10641: 10640: 10638: 10636: 10635:Carbohydrates 10632: 10626: 10625:Fertaric acid 10623: 10621: 10620:Coutaric acid 10618: 10616: 10615:Caftaric acid 10613: 10611: 10608: 10606: 10603: 10601: 10600:Tartaric acid 10598: 10596: 10593: 10589: 10586: 10584: 10581: 10580: 10578: 10577: 10575: 10573: 10572:Organic acids 10569: 10563: 10562:Chlorophyllin 10560: 10559: 10557: 10555: 10551: 10543: 10540: 10538: 10537:Indicaxanthin 10535: 10534: 10533: 10530: 10526: 10523: 10522: 10521: 10518: 10517: 10515: 10513: 10509: 10501: 10498: 10496: 10493: 10491: 10488: 10486: 10483: 10481: 10478: 10476: 10473: 10471: 10468: 10467: 10466: 10463: 10457: 10454: 10453: 10452: 10449: 10447: 10444: 10443: 10442: 10439: 10435: 10432: 10430: 10427: 10423: 10420: 10418: 10415: 10413: 10410: 10409: 10408: 10405: 10404: 10402: 10398: 10397:Glucoraphanin 10395: 10393: 10390: 10388: 10385: 10384: 10383: 10380:Precursor to 10379: 10378: 10376: 10374: 10370: 10357: 10356:Phlorotannins 10354: 10352: 10349: 10348: 10346: 10343: 10339: 10333: 10330: 10328: 10325: 10323: 10320: 10319: 10317: 10313: 10307: 10304: 10302: 10299: 10297: 10294: 10292: 10289: 10288: 10286: 10284: 10280: 10270: 10267: 10265: 10262: 10260: 10257: 10255: 10252: 10250: 10247: 10245: 10242: 10240: 10239:phenylalanine 10237: 10236: 10234: 10232: 10228: 10222: 10219: 10217: 10214: 10212: 10209: 10207: 10206:Coumaric acid 10204: 10202: 10199: 10197: 10194: 10192: 10191:Cinnamic acid 10189: 10187: 10186:Chicoric acid 10184: 10182: 10179: 10177: 10174: 10173: 10171: 10169: 10165: 10155: 10152: 10150: 10147: 10146: 10144: 10140: 10134: 10131: 10129: 10128:Syringic acid 10126: 10124: 10121: 10119: 10116: 10114: 10111: 10109: 10106: 10104: 10103:Eudesmic acid 10101: 10099: 10098:Ethyl gallate 10096: 10094: 10093:Chebulic acid 10091: 10089: 10086: 10085: 10083: 10081: 10077: 10071: 10068: 10066: 10063: 10061: 10058: 10056: 10055:Gentisic acid 10053: 10051: 10048: 10046: 10043: 10041: 10038: 10036: 10033: 10030: 10027: 10026: 10024: 10022: 10018: 10008: 10005: 10004: 10002: 9998: 9992: 9989: 9987: 9984: 9982: 9979: 9978: 9976: 9972: 9969: 9967: 9963: 9960: 9958: 9954: 9950: 9943: 9938: 9936: 9931: 9929: 9924: 9923: 9920: 9917: 9915: 9911: 9903: 9899: 9896: 9892: 9886: 9882: 9879: 9876: 9873: 9870: 9867: 9864: 9861: 9859: 9856: 9853: 9850: 9848: 9845: 9842: 9839: 9838: 9836: 9832: 9820: 9817: 9815: 9812: 9810: 9807: 9805: 9802: 9801: 9799: 9797: 9794: 9792: 9789: 9787: 9784: 9783: 9781: 9777: 9771: 9770:Acutissimin A 9768: 9766: 9763: 9762: 9760: 9756: 9752: 9745: 9743: 9742:7-Phloroeckol 9740: 9738: 9735: 9733: 9730: 9728: 9725: 9723: 9720: 9718: 9715: 9713: 9710: 9708: 9705: 9703: 9700: 9698: 9695: 9693: 9690: 9688: 9685: 9683: 9680: 9679: 9677: 9675: 9674:Phlorotannins 9671: 9665: 9662: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9650: 9647: 9645: 9642: 9641: 9639: 9637: 9633: 9623: 9620: 9618: 9615: 9614: 9612: 9610: 9606: 9600: 9597: 9595: 9592: 9590: 9587: 9585: 9582: 9580: 9577: 9575: 9572: 9570: 9567: 9565: 9562: 9560: 9557: 9555: 9552: 9551: 9549: 9547: 9546:Ellagitannins 9543: 9540: 9538: 9534: 9530: 9522: 9517: 9515: 9510: 9508: 9503: 9502: 9499: 9496: 9494: 9490: 9486: 9482: 9480: 9476: 9470: 9467: 9465: 9462: 9460: 9459:Pterostilbene 9457: 9455: 9452: 9451: 9449: 9445: 9441: 9435: 9432: 9430: 9427: 9425: 9422: 9421: 9419: 9411: 9407: 9403: 9399: 9397: 9393: 9385: 9380: 9370: 9367: 9365: 9362: 9360: 9357: 9355: 9352: 9350: 9347: 9345: 9342: 9340: 9337: 9335: 9332: 9331: 9329: 9327: 9326:Miscellaneous 9323: 9313: 9310: 9309: 9307: 9305: 9301: 9294: 9290: 9287: 9286: 9284: 9282: 9278: 9275: 9273: 9269: 9263: 9260: 9258: 9255: 9254: 9252: 9250: 9246: 9235: 9231: 9228: 9227: 9225: 9223: 9219: 9212: 9208: 9205: 9204: 9202: 9200: 9196: 9193: 9191: 9187: 9176: 9173: 9171: 9168: 9167: 9165: 9163: 9159: 9153: 9150: 9148: 9145: 9143: 9140: 9139: 9137: 9135: 9131: 9124: 9120: 9119:Leucocyanidin 9117: 9116: 9114: 9112: 9108: 9101: 9097: 9094: 9093: 9091: 9088: 9083: 9079: 9072: 9071:Gallocatechol 9068: 9065: 9064: 9062: 9059: 9054: 9050: 9044: 9043:Luteoliflavan 9041: 9040: 9038: 9034: 9031: 9029: 9025: 9015: 9012: 9011: 9009: 9007: 9006:Neoflavonoids 9003: 8996: 8992: 8988: 8985: 8984: 8982: 8980: 8976: 8969: 8965: 8962: 8961: 8959: 8957: 8953: 8946: 8942: 8939: 8938: 8936: 8934: 8930: 8927: 8925: 8924:Anthoxanthins 8921: 8918: 8916: 8912: 8908: 8900: 8895: 8893: 8888: 8886: 8881: 8880: 8877: 8874: 8870: 8866: 8862: 8854: 8849: 8847: 8842: 8840: 8835: 8834: 8831: 8828: 8826: 8822: 8816: 8813: 8811: 8808: 8806: 8803: 8801: 8798: 8796: 8795:Benzenetriols 8793: 8791: 8788: 8787: 8785: 8783: 8779: 8775: 8767: 8762: 8760: 8755: 8753: 8748: 8747: 8744: 8739: 8737: 8733: 8720: 8717: 8714: 8711: 8710: 8708: 8704: 8697: 8693: 8689: 8688: 8686: 8682: 8675: 8673:3-oxo-α-ionol 8672: 8671: 8669: 8665: 8658: 8656: 8653: 8651: 8648: 8647: 8645: 8642: 8638: 8628: 8625: 8623: 8620: 8618: 8615: 8613: 8610: 8608: 8607:Cryptoxanthin 8605: 8603: 8602:Canthaxanthin 8600: 8599: 8597: 8594: 8590: 8584: 8581: 8579: 8576: 8574: 8571: 8569: 8566: 8564: 8561: 8559: 8556: 8554: 8553:Beta-Carotene 8551: 8549: 8546: 8545: 8543: 8541: 8537: 8534: 8531: 8526: 8522: 8515: 8513:Ferrugicadiol 8512: 8511: 8509: 8505: 8493: 8490: 8488: 8485: 8483: 8480: 8478: 8475: 8474: 8472: 8470: 8467: 8465:Serratenediol 8464: 8462: 8459: 8457: 8454: 8452: 8449: 8448: 8446: 8442: 8436: 8433: 8431: 8428: 8426: 8423: 8421: 8418: 8416: 8413: 8409: 8406: 8404: 8401: 8399: 8396: 8394: 8391: 8388: 8386: 8383: 8382: 8381: 8378: 8377: 8375: 8373: 8369: 8366: 8363: 8362:Triterpenoids 8359: 8352: 8351: 8349: 8346: 8342: 8331: 8328: 8325: 8323: 8320: 8317: 8315:Mercusic acid 8314: 8312: 8309: 8306: 8304: 8301: 8298: 8296:Communic acid 8295: 8293: 8290: 8289: 8287: 8285: 8281: 8275: 8272: 8270: 8267: 8265: 8262: 8261: 8259: 8255: 8248: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8237: 8235: 8232: 8231: 8229: 8225: 8219: 8216: 8213: 8210: 8207: 8206: 8204: 8200: 8194: 8191: 8189: 8186: 8185: 8183: 8179: 8172: 8170: 8167: 8165: 8162: 8161: 8159: 8155: 8152: 8149: 8145: 8138: 8135: 8133: 8130: 8127: 8125: 8122: 8119: 8117: 8114: 8112: 8109: 8107: 8104: 8102: 8099: 8097: 8094: 8093: 8091: 8088: 8084: 8074: 8071: 8069: 8066: 8064: 8061: 8059: 8056: 8054: 8051: 8049: 8046: 8045: 8043: 8039: 8033: 8030: 8028: 8025: 8023: 8020: 8017: 8013: 8010: 8008: 8005: 8003: 8000: 7998: 7995: 7994: 7992: 7988: 7982: 7979: 7977: 7974: 7972: 7969: 7967: 7964: 7962: 7959: 7957: 7954: 7952: 7949: 7948: 7946: 7942: 7939: 7933: 7923: 7920: 7918: 7915: 7913: 7910: 7908: 7905: 7902: 7898: 7894: 7891: 7890: 7888: 7884: 7878: 7875: 7873: 7870: 7868: 7865: 7864: 7862: 7858: 7852: 7849: 7847: 7844: 7843: 7841: 7837: 7834: 7822: 7818: 7812: 7809: 7807: 7804: 7793: 7790: 7789: 7787: 7784: 7780: 7773: 7770: 7767: 7764: 7761: 7758: 7755: 7752: 7748: 7744: 7743: 7741: 7737: 7732: 7728: 7724: 7716: 7711: 7709: 7704: 7702: 7697: 7696: 7693: 7688: 7686: 7682: 7678: 7670: 7665: 7663: 7658: 7656: 7651: 7650: 7647: 7635: 7633: 7629: 7623: 7620: 7618: 7615: 7613: 7610: 7609: 7607: 7605: 7601: 7595: 7592: 7590: 7587: 7585: 7582: 7580: 7577: 7576: 7574: 7572: 7568: 7562: 7559: 7557: 7554: 7552: 7549: 7548: 7546: 7544: 7540: 7534: 7531: 7530: 7528: 7526: 7522: 7516: 7513: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7503: 7501: 7498: 7496: 7493: 7492: 7490: 7488: 7484: 7478: 7474: 7470: 7463: 7458: 7456: 7451: 7449: 7444: 7443: 7440: 7433: 7430: 7427: 7424: 7421: 7417: 7414: 7411: 7407: 7404: 7403: 7395: 7392: 7391: 7382: 7378: 7375: 7372: 7371:9780198541707 7368: 7364: 7360: 7357: 7354: 7353:9780050025123 7350: 7346: 7342: 7338: 7334: 7331: 7328: 7324: 7321: 7320: 7308: 7304: 7299: 7294: 7290: 7286: 7282: 7275: 7268: 7264: 7258: 7252: 7248: 7244: 7238: 7230: 7226: 7222: 7218: 7214: 7210: 7206: 7202: 7198: 7191: 7184: 7180: 7174: 7166: 7162: 7158: 7154: 7147: 7139: 7135: 7131: 7127: 7124:(11): 966–8. 7123: 7119: 7112: 7104: 7100: 7096: 7092: 7088: 7084: 7080: 7076: 7069: 7061: 7057: 7052: 7047: 7043: 7039: 7035: 7028: 7022: 7016: 7012: 7006: 6998: 6994: 6990: 6986: 6982: 6978: 6971: 6963: 6959: 6956:(5): 673–93. 6955: 6951: 6944: 6936: 6932: 6927: 6922: 6918: 6914: 6910: 6906: 6902: 6895: 6887: 6883: 6880:(7): 939–48. 6879: 6875: 6871: 6864: 6858: 6852: 6848: 6844: 6839: 6831: 6827: 6823: 6819: 6815: 6811: 6804: 6796: 6792: 6788: 6784: 6780: 6776: 6769: 6761: 6757: 6753: 6749: 6742: 6735: 6731: 6728: 6724: 6720: 6714: 6706: 6702: 6697: 6692: 6688: 6684: 6680: 6673: 6667: 6661: 6657: 6651: 6637:on 2018-12-03 6636: 6632: 6628: 6627:"Sakuranetin" 6622: 6614: 6610: 6606: 6602: 6598: 6594: 6587: 6579: 6575: 6570: 6565: 6560: 6555: 6551: 6547: 6543: 6536: 6528: 6524: 6520: 6516: 6512: 6508: 6504: 6500: 6492: 6484: 6480: 6474: 6459: 6455: 6451: 6447: 6440: 6433: 6425: 6421: 6417: 6413: 6409: 6405: 6401: 6397: 6393: 6389: 6385: 6381: 6374: 6366: 6362: 6358: 6354: 6350: 6346: 6342: 6338: 6334: 6330: 6323: 6315: 6311: 6307: 6303: 6299: 6295: 6291: 6287: 6283: 6279: 6272: 6265: 6261: 6256: 6249: 6244: 6236: 6230: 6216:on 2009-07-21 6215: 6211: 6206: 6200: 6192: 6188: 6184: 6180: 6176: 6172: 6168: 6164: 6161:(4): 715–34. 6160: 6156: 6149: 6141: 6135: 6127: 6123: 6119: 6115: 6111: 6107: 6103: 6099: 6092: 6085: 6081: 6078: 6074: 6068: 6060: 6056: 6052: 6048: 6044: 6040: 6037:(4): 539–49. 6036: 6032: 6025: 6018: 6014: 6008: 6000: 5996: 5992: 5988: 5984: 5980: 5977:(3): 427–40. 5976: 5972: 5965: 5958: 5951: 5946: 5938: 5934: 5930: 5926: 5921: 5916: 5913:(6772): 851. 5912: 5908: 5904: 5897: 5889: 5885: 5881: 5877: 5873: 5869: 5864: 5859: 5855: 5851: 5847: 5840: 5832: 5828: 5824: 5820: 5816: 5812: 5808: 5804: 5797: 5789: 5785: 5781: 5777: 5773: 5769: 5762: 5756: 5751: 5743: 5739: 5734: 5729: 5725: 5721: 5717: 5713: 5709: 5702: 5694: 5690: 5686: 5682: 5678: 5674: 5670: 5666: 5659: 5651: 5647: 5643: 5639: 5635: 5631: 5624: 5616: 5612: 5608: 5604: 5600: 5596: 5589: 5587: 5578: 5572: 5568: 5564: 5560: 5553: 5545: 5541: 5537: 5533: 5529: 5525: 5521: 5517: 5510: 5504: 5498: 5494: 5488: 5480: 5476: 5472: 5468: 5464: 5460: 5453: 5445: 5441: 5437: 5433: 5429: 5425: 5421: 5417: 5410: 5402: 5398: 5394: 5390: 5386: 5382: 5375: 5367: 5363: 5359: 5355: 5351: 5347: 5340: 5332: 5328: 5324: 5320: 5316: 5312: 5304: 5296: 5292: 5291: 5283: 5275: 5271: 5267: 5263: 5258: 5253: 5249: 5245: 5241: 5237: 5233: 5226: 5217: 5212: 5208: 5204: 5200: 5193: 5185: 5181: 5176: 5171: 5167: 5163: 5159: 5155: 5151: 5147: 5143: 5136: 5128: 5124: 5120: 5116: 5109: 5101: 5097: 5093: 5089: 5086:(6): 1076–9. 5085: 5081: 5080: 5071: 5063: 5059: 5055: 5051: 5047: 5043: 5036: 5028: 5024: 5020: 5016: 5012: 5008: 5004: 5000: 4996: 4992: 4985: 4978: 4976: 4969: 4963: 4959: 4955: 4951: 4946: 4938: 4934: 4930: 4926: 4922: 4918: 4914: 4907: 4899: 4895: 4891: 4887: 4883: 4879: 4875: 4871: 4864: 4856: 4852: 4848: 4844: 4840: 4836: 4829: 4821: 4817: 4813: 4809: 4801: 4793: 4789: 4785: 4781: 4777: 4773: 4766: 4758: 4754: 4750: 4746: 4742: 4734: 4726: 4722: 4718: 4714: 4710: 4706: 4699: 4692: 4688: 4684: 4678: 4670: 4666: 4662: 4658: 4654: 4650: 4646: 4639: 4631: 4627: 4623: 4619: 4615: 4611: 4607: 4603: 4596: 4588: 4584: 4580: 4576: 4572: 4568: 4560: 4552: 4548: 4544: 4540: 4536: 4532: 4524: 4516: 4512: 4508: 4504: 4500: 4496: 4488: 4480: 4476: 4471: 4466: 4462: 4458: 4453: 4448: 4444: 4440: 4436: 4429: 4421: 4417: 4413: 4409: 4405: 4401: 4397: 4393: 4386: 4378: 4374: 4370: 4366: 4363:(8): 1244–8. 4362: 4358: 4354: 4347: 4339: 4335: 4330: 4325: 4321: 4317: 4313: 4309: 4301: 4293: 4289: 4285: 4281: 4278:(3): 334–55. 4277: 4273: 4266: 4258: 4254: 4249: 4244: 4240: 4236: 4233:(5): 705–19. 4232: 4228: 4224: 4217: 4215: 4206: 4202: 4197: 4192: 4188: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4170: 4166: 4163:(3): e33584. 4162: 4158: 4154: 4147: 4139: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4123: 4119: 4112: 4104: 4100: 4096: 4092: 4088: 4084: 4083: 4078: 4071: 4063: 4059: 4055: 4051: 4050: 4045: 4038: 4030: 4026: 4021: 4016: 4012: 4008: 4004: 4000: 3996: 3989: 3981: 3977: 3973: 3969: 3965: 3961: 3957: 3953: 3949: 3945: 3941: 3934: 3926: 3922: 3917: 3912: 3908: 3904: 3900: 3898: 3889: 3881: 3877: 3873: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3860: 3855: 3848: 3840: 3836: 3832: 3828: 3824: 3820: 3812: 3804: 3802:9780080451251 3798: 3794: 3790: 3786: 3782: 3775: 3769: 3765: 3761: 3755: 3747: 3745:9780443071935 3741: 3737: 3736: 3728: 3721: 3719:9783642221446 3715: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3692: 3684: 3683: 3675: 3667: 3665:9781402051647 3661: 3657: 3656: 3648: 3646: 3637: 3635:9781420006186 3631: 3628:. CRC Press. 3627: 3626: 3618: 3610: 3606: 3602: 3598: 3594: 3590: 3586: 3579: 3571: 3567: 3562: 3557: 3553: 3549: 3545: 3541: 3537: 3530: 3528: 3519: 3515: 3511: 3507: 3503: 3499: 3495: 3488: 3486: 3471:on 2016-03-04 3470: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3435: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3415: 3411: 3407: 3406: 3401: 3394: 3386: 3382: 3377: 3372: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3352: 3348: 3344: 3340: 3333: 3331: 3326: 3319: 3317: 3313: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3297: 3293: 3289: 3285: 3281: 3271: 3269: 3265: 3264:heart disease 3261: 3257: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3240: 3238: 3234: 3230: 3225: 3223: 3219: 3214: 3212: 3208: 3204: 3200: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3156: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3138: 3132: 3128: 3118: 3115: 3114: 3109: 3108: 3103: 3099: 3098: 3097:Agrobacterium 3093: 3089: 3087: 3083: 3082:isoflavonoids 3079: 3074: 3072: 3071: 3066: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3050: 3049: 3044: 3041:or in water. 3040: 3036: 3026: 3024: 3020: 3017:is a protein 3016: 3011: 3010:against rot. 3009: 3005: 3001: 3000: 2994: 2992: 2991: 2986: 2983:found in the 2982: 2978: 2974: 2972: 2968: 2967: 2962: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2944: 2943: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2920: 2915: 2914: 2909: 2905: 2901: 2900: 2895: 2891: 2887: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2860: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2842: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2828: 2817: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2796: 2792: 2791: 2786: 2785: 2780: 2779: 2773: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2753: 2744: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2733:podzolization 2730: 2726: 2722: 2718: 2716: 2712: 2708: 2707:clay minerals 2704: 2700: 2695: 2693: 2689: 2688:clay minerals 2685: 2681: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2657:Role in soils 2654: 2652: 2648: 2644: 2634: 2632: 2631: 2626: 2625: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2592: 2588: 2587:4-Ethylphenol 2584: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2570: 2566: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2530: 2528: 2527:Crematogaster 2524: 2520: 2516: 2515: 2510: 2509: 2504: 2500: 2499: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2481: 2476: 2472: 2470: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2443: 2441: 2440: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2424:is absent in 2423: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2389: 2387: 2386: 2381: 2380: 2375: 2371: 2369: 2360: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2341: 2337: 2336:aquatic plant 2332: 2330: 2326: 2321: 2319: 2318: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2296: 2291: 2287: 2286: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2268: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2219: 2217: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2198:Phlorotannins 2195: 2193: 2192: 2187: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2174:cinnamic acid 2171: 2167: 2165: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2140: 2135: 2133: 2129: 2128: 2124: 2114: 2112: 2109:are found in 2108: 2104: 2100: 2091: 2085: 2081: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2069: 2065: 2058: 2057: 2056: 2054: 2053: 2048: 2044: 2040: 2039: 2034: 2026: 2025: 2024: 2022: 2021: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1987: 1983:are found in 1982: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1961: 1959: 1955: 1954: 1949: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1932: 1926: 1924: 1920: 1918: 1913: 1912: 1907: 1906: 1901: 1897: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1886: 1881: 1872: 1864: 1862: 1858: 1857: 1852: 1842: 1840: 1839:phenoloxidase 1836: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1807: 1798: 1795: 1794: 1793: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1778: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1763: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1740: 1738: 1735:, which is a 1734: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1710: 1707: 1706: 1700: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1669: 1661: 1659: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1638: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1618: 1616: 1606: 1604: 1600: 1595: 1593: 1583: 1581: 1566: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1551: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1529: 1528:biopesticides 1519: 1517: 1508: 1507:waste water. 1506: 1502: 1501: 1490: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1477: 1473: 1468: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1453: 1451: 1447: 1442: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1419: 1417: 1413: 1412:phenylalanine 1406: 1402: 1388: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1378: 1375: 1371: 1369: 1366: 1365: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1348: 1345: 1344: 1341: 1337: 1335: 1334:noradrenaline 1331: 1327: 1323: 1320: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1309: 1306: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1295: 1292: 1291: 1288: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1278: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1254: 1251: 1250: 1247: 1243: 1241: 1238: 1237: 1234: 1230: 1229:essential oil 1226: 1224: 1221: 1220: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1207: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1194: 1191: 1190: 1187: 1183: 1182:antimicrobial 1179: 1175: 1173: 1170: 1169: 1166: 1165:chili peppers 1162: 1160: 1157: 1156: 1153: 1152: 1147: 1145: 1142: 1141: 1132: 1122: 1120: 1116: 1111: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1085: 1080: 1071: 1069: 1068: 1063: 1059: 1047: 1042: 1038: 1033: 1028: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1010: 1005: 1000: 996: 995: 989: 984: 980: 975: 970: 966: 961: 956: 952: 947: 943: 938: 934: 933: 930: 928: 923: 921: 917: 914: 910: 906: 900: 898: 894: 890: 886: 876: 874: 870: 866: 862: 858: 854: 844: 842: 838: 834: 833: 828: 827: 812: 809: 807: 803: 800: 798: 795: 792: 791: 788: 787:Cinnamic acid 783: 779: 777: 772: 768: 766: 761: 757: 754: 753: 750: 748: 743: 741: 736: 734: 730: 726: 722: 717: 715: 714:isoflavonoids 711: 707: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 682: 680: 676: 672: 668: 664: 660: 655: 653: 633: 628: 625: 623: 618: 613: 607: 602: 599: 596: 554: 551: 550: 546: 544: 541: 538: 520: 517: 516: 512: 510: 506: 503: 500: 486: 483: 482: 479: 475: 472: 469: 466: 452: 449: 448: 444: 441: 437: 434: 431: 417: 414: 413: 409: 407: 403: 400: 397: 383: 380: 379: 375: 373: 370: 367: 353: 350: 349: 345: 343: 340: 337: 327: 324: 323: 319: 315: 313: 309: 305: 301: 300:Allylbenzenes 297: 294: 291: 281: 278: 277: 274: 270: 266: 262: 259: 257: 253: 252:Acetophenones 250: 247: 237: 234: 233: 229: 227: 223: 220: 217: 207: 204: 203: 199: 197: 196:Benzoquinones 193: 190: 184: 181: 180: 176: 173: 170: 167: 164: 163: 160: 158: 154: 141: 137: 133: 126: 122: 116: 112: 108: 104: 97: 92: 86: 82: 78: 73: 65: 61: 59: 55: 52: 48: 44: 40: 33: 19: 10710: 10554:Chlorophylls 10542:Vulgaxanthin 10532:Betaxanthins 10451:Polysulfides 10434:Thiocyanates 10412:Sulforaphane 10341: 10216:Ferulic acid 10181:Caffeic acid 10154:Ellagic acid 9894: 9885:isocoumarins 9858:Kavalactones 9800:Tannin uses 9727:Tetrafucol A 9707:Diphlorethol 9692:6,6'-Bieckol 9687:8,8′-Bieckol 9609:Gallotannins 9574:Casuarictins 9554:Punicalagins 9479:Curcuminoids 9424:Matairesinol 9325: 9230:Apigeninidin 9175:Aromadendrin 9082:Flavan-4-ols 9053:Flavan-3-ols 8790:Benzenediols 8659:Gutta-balatá 8655:Gutta percha 8593:Xanthophylls 8573:Neurosporene 8492:Moronic acid 8482:Ursolic acid 8425:Testosterone 8408:Stigmasterol 8393:Cycloartenol 8380:Phytosterols 8322:Pimaric acid 8292:Abietic acid 8243:Manoyl oxide 8218:Salvinorin A 8208: 8148:Diterpenoids 8012:Thujaplicins 7937:(2,modified) 7877:Phellandrene 7821:Monoterpenes 7750: 7746: 7739:Basic forms: 7622:Tetracycline 7617:Streptomycin 7571:Diterpenoids 7524: 7510:Tetrodotoxin 7376: 7363:Google Books 7358: 7337:Google Books 7332: 7327:Google Books 7322: 7288: 7284: 7274: 7262: 7257: 7242: 7237: 7204: 7200: 7190: 7182: 7173: 7156: 7152: 7146: 7121: 7117: 7111: 7078: 7074: 7068: 7041: 7037: 7027: 7010: 7005: 6980: 6976: 6970: 6953: 6949: 6943: 6908: 6904: 6894: 6877: 6873: 6869: 6863: 6846: 6842: 6838: 6813: 6809: 6803: 6781:(1): 67–75. 6778: 6774: 6768: 6751: 6747: 6741: 6722: 6718: 6713: 6686: 6682: 6672: 6655: 6650: 6639:. Retrieved 6635:the original 6630: 6621: 6596: 6592: 6586: 6549: 6545: 6535: 6505:(1): 65–71. 6502: 6498: 6491: 6473:cite journal 6462:. Retrieved 6449: 6445: 6432: 6383: 6379: 6373: 6332: 6328: 6322: 6281: 6277: 6271: 6264:Timber Press 6259: 6255: 6247: 6243: 6218:. Retrieved 6214:the original 6204: 6199: 6158: 6154: 6148: 6134: 6104:(1): 17–25. 6101: 6097: 6091: 6072: 6067: 6034: 6030: 6024: 6012: 6007: 5974: 5970: 5957: 5945: 5910: 5906: 5896: 5853: 5849: 5839: 5809:(1): 53–62. 5806: 5802: 5796: 5771: 5767: 5761: 5750: 5715: 5711: 5701: 5668: 5664: 5658: 5633: 5629: 5623: 5598: 5594: 5558: 5552: 5519: 5515: 5509: 5492: 5487: 5462: 5458: 5452: 5419: 5415: 5409: 5384: 5380: 5374: 5352:(1): 51–53. 5349: 5345: 5339: 5314: 5310: 5303: 5294: 5288: 5282: 5239: 5235: 5225: 5206: 5202: 5192: 5149: 5145: 5135: 5121:(5): 552–6. 5118: 5114: 5108: 5083: 5077: 5070: 5045: 5041: 5035: 4994: 4990: 4957: 4953: 4949: 4945: 4920: 4916: 4912: 4906: 4873: 4869: 4863: 4841:(1): 23–31. 4838: 4834: 4828: 4811: 4807: 4800: 4775: 4771: 4765: 4748: 4744: 4740: 4733: 4708: 4704: 4698: 4690: 4686: 4682: 4677: 4652: 4649:Metabolomics 4648: 4644: 4638: 4605: 4601: 4595: 4570: 4566: 4559: 4534: 4530: 4523: 4498: 4494: 4487: 4442: 4438: 4428: 4395: 4391: 4385: 4360: 4356: 4352: 4346: 4329:11441/154173 4311: 4307: 4300: 4275: 4271: 4265: 4230: 4226: 4160: 4156: 4146: 4121: 4117: 4111: 4089:(1): 84–86. 4086: 4080: 4070: 4053: 4047: 4037: 4002: 3998: 3988: 3947: 3943: 3933: 3906: 3902: 3896: 3888: 3863: 3857: 3847: 3822: 3818: 3811: 3784: 3774: 3759: 3754: 3734: 3727: 3701: 3691: 3681: 3674: 3654: 3624: 3617: 3592: 3588: 3578: 3546:(1): 64–69. 3543: 3539: 3501: 3497: 3473:. Retrieved 3469:the original 3448: 3444: 3434: 3409: 3403: 3393: 3346: 3342: 3277: 3241: 3226: 3215: 3175:pomegranates 3140: 3111: 3105: 3095: 3090: 3075: 3068: 3046: 3035:allelopathic 3032: 3022: 3012: 3008:preservation 2997: 2995: 2988: 2975: 2964: 2947: 2939: 2936:phytoalexins 2923: 2917: 2911: 2897: 2888: 2872:phytoalexins 2857: 2839: 2831: 2825: 2823: 2788: 2782: 2776: 2774: 2759: 2750: 2719: 2696: 2667:plant litter 2660: 2640: 2630:Castor fiber 2628: 2622: 2585: 2567: 2536: 2512: 2506: 2496: 2492: 2478: 2473: 2454: 2437: 2395: 2383: 2377: 2372: 2366: 2338: 2333: 2322: 2315: 2308:paeoniflorin 2304:caffeic acid 2293: 2283: 2269: 2241:Pteridophyta 2239:(lycopods), 2230: 2212: 2196: 2189: 2163: 2136: 2125: 2120: 2097: 2082: 2072: 2062: 2050: 2036: 2030: 2018: 1991:phenylacetic 1984: 1981:pyrocatechol 1967: 1957: 1953:Photorhabdus 1951: 1929: 1927: 1917:Oscillatoria 1915: 1909: 1903: 1892: 1883: 1878: 1870: 1854: 1851:transgenesis 1848: 1804: 1802: 1796: 1779: 1764: 1755: 1741: 1714: 1711:measurements 1708: 1670: 1662: 1649: 1642:colorimetric 1639: 1631:permanganate 1624: 1612: 1596: 1589: 1577: 1552: 1542:are used as 1525: 1514: 1511:Applications 1498: 1496: 1469: 1465:meroterpenes 1454: 1443: 1420: 1408: 1395:Biosynthesis 1387:sesame seeds 1149: 1144:Cannabinoids 1118: 1112: 1100:autoxidation 1089: 1065: 1058:anthocyanins 1055: 1034:, a flavonol 1018:ferulic acid 960:ferulic acid 924: 901: 882: 850: 837:meroterpenes 830: 824: 822: 744: 737: 733:thearubigins 721:ellagic acid 718: 701: 683: 679:oligophenols 678: 674: 670: 666: 662: 658: 656: 638: 543:Biflavonoids 308:Isocoumarins 150: 109:, a typical 98:, a diphenol 42: 39:biochemistry 36: 10665:Beta-glucan 10595:Oxalic acid 10588:Quinic acid 10583:Phytic acid 10520:Betacyanins 10301:Oleocanthal 10118:Norbergenin 10113:Tannic acid 10108:Gallic acid 9902:Polyphenols 9875:Xanthonoids 9852:Chalconoids 9702:Eckstolonol 9599:Terflavin B 9564:Vescalagins 9559:Castalagins 9464:Piceatannol 9454:Resveratrol 9444:Stilbenoids 9434:Pinoresinol 9369:Castavinols 9211:Delphinidin 9162:Flavanonols 9152:Eriodictyol 8979:Isoflavones 8861:polyphenols 8825:Polyphenols 8627:Rubixanthin 8617:Astaxanthin 8578:Phytofluene 8530:Carotenoids 8420:Cholesterol 8415:Tocopherols 8385:Campesterol 8284:Resin acids 8269:Gibberellin 8264:Aphidicolin 8257:Tetracyclic 8132:Longifolene 8096:Artemisinin 8073:Umbellulone 7961:Citronellol 7951:Citronellal 7604:Antibiotics 7594:Pimaradiene 7589:Aphidicolin 7533:Polyphenols 7381:Google book 7285:J Biol Chem 6593:Fitoterapia 4685:Jacq et de 4602:Chemosphere 3284:glutathione 3260:antioxidant 3233:prune juice 3088:formation. 3013:In plants, 2981:phytoalexin 2957:phytoalexin 2908:phytoalexin 2890:Sakuranetin 2850:phytoalexin 2836:resveratrol 2806:Dictyotales 2795:herbivorous 2766:parasitoids 2741:fulvic acid 2418:riccardin C 2414:cavicularin 2249:Gymnosperms 2245:Angiosperms 2206:brown algae 2151:chlorogenic 1960:nematodes. 1894:Arthrospira 1861:Anthocyanin 1856:Arabidopsis 1762:oxidation. 1599:luminescent 1580:biorefining 1548:insecticide 1431:conjugation 1361:mouthwashes 1287:wintergreen 1240:Gallic acid 1217:- hormones 1062:chlorophyll 1004:gallic acid 942:gallic acid 893:conjugation 861:Cavicularin 765:Gallic Acid 755:Base Unit: 663:monophenols 632:Tannic acid 622:Polyphenols 610:Flavolans ( 436:Chalconoids 402:Stilbenoids 376:Mangiferin 372:Xanthonoids 125:Tannic acid 96:aloe emodin 10731:Categories 10610:Malic acid 10306:Oleuropein 10244:tryptophan 10133:Theogallin 10000:Glycosides 9877:(C6-C1-C6) 9854:(C6-C3-C6) 9843:(C6-C7-C6) 9804:Enological 9584:Punicalins 9579:Grandinins 9469:Pinosylvin 9447:(C6-C2-C6) 9262:Leptosidin 9257:Aureusidin 9147:Naringenin 9142:Hesperidin 9134:Flavanones 9100:Luteoforol 8968:Kaempferol 8915:Flavonoids 8907:flavonoids 8872:(C6-C3-C6) 8869:Flavonoids 8815:Dillapiole 8612:Zeaxanthin 8456:Lanosterol 8403:Sitosterol 8398:Sitostanol 8274:Paclitaxel 8181:Monocyclic 8068:Ascaridole 8063:Eucalyptol 8016:Hinokitiol 7990:Monocyclic 7860:Monocyclic 7727:terpenoids 7685:Terpenoids 7612:Penicillin 7345:0050025120 6641:2018-12-02 6464:2011-01-22 6220:2009-07-21 5387:(1): 3–9. 5297:: 236–257. 4445:(1): 237. 3475:2018-12-02 3322:References 3237:bitterness 3231:, such as 3195:vegetables 3183:yerba maté 3135:See also: 3102:Ti plasmid 3078:flavonoids 2969:and other 2868:stilbenoid 2864:Pinosylvin 2790:Turbinaria 2737:coniferous 2523:pheromones 2398:bryophytes 2325:parenchyma 2312:pikuroside 2280:methanolic 2272:kaempferol 2123:green alga 2059:Metabolism 2015:isoflavone 1999:atromentin 1815:boric acid 1601:bacterial 1559:Crofelemer 1479:tangeritin 1427:methylated 1423:esterified 1374:amino acid 1357:antiseptic 1330:adrenaline 1117:formed in 946:lambda max 729:theaflavin 706:flavanones 698:flavan-3ol 686:flavonoids 597:n > 12 509:Neolignans 440:Flavonoids 320:, Eugenin 115:polyphenol 10512:Betalains 10322:Capsaicin 10259:thyroxine 10249:histidine 9974:Aglycones 9881:Coumarins 9737:Bifuhalol 9664:Flavolans 9589:Roburin A 9569:Castalins 9402:Silymarin 9312:Phloretin 9281:Chalcones 9272:Chalcones 9170:Taxifolin 9087:flavanols 9058:flavanols 8991:Genistein 8964:Quercetin 8956:Flavonols 8905:Types of 8859:Types of 8810:Carvacrol 8772:Types of 8684:Synthesis 8540:Carotenes 8435:Ecdysones 8239:Forskolin 8227:Tricyclic 8214:Epimanool 8139:Nootkatin 8136:Muurolene 8128:Juniperol 8120:Chanootin 8101:Bisabolol 8032:Carvacrol 7872:Terpinene 7774:(4 rings) 7721:Types of 7675:Types of 7487:Alkaloids 7400:Databases 6754:: 44–54. 6546:Molecules 6380:Oecologia 6329:Oecologia 5872:1364-5072 4915:Leaves". 4461:1756-3305 4355:Fruits". 4187:1932-6203 3972:1076-5174 3351:CiteSeerX 3343:Molecules 3308:coumarins 3229:beverages 3218:olive oil 3163:chocolate 3159:olive oil 3051:produces 2977:Danielone 2894:flavanone 2876:heartwood 2802:echinoids 2784:Sargassum 2770:predators 2727:(Fe) and 2647:herbivory 2619:castoreum 2563:elephants 2461:sclerotin 2430:hornworts 2420:. Though 2343:produces 2276:glucoside 2166:-coumaric 2027:In yeasts 1934:produces 1900:Spirulina 1737:vitamin E 1725:vitamin C 1685:standards 1675:-coupled 1617:(LC/MS). 1609:Profiling 1594:methods. 1544:acaricide 1540:rotenoids 1435:glycoside 1322:Serotonin 1300:raspberry 1244:found in 1210:Estradiol 1197:found in 1176:found in 1172:Carvacrol 1159:Capsaicin 1096:oxidation 1074:Oxidation 1032:quercetin 974:quercetin 916:hue angle 847:Chirality 802:Flavonoid 702:catechins 690:flavonols 312:Chromones 304:Coumarins 177:Examples 111:flavonoid 107:Quercetin 10675:Lentinan 10653:Pentoses 10495:Piperine 10446:Sulfides 10429:Nitriles 10387:Sinigrin 10327:Gingerol 10254:tyrosine 10211:Coumarin 10149:Vanillin 10088:Bergenin 9809:Drilling 9732:Trifucol 9485:Curcumin 9413:((C6-C3) 9207:Cyanidin 9096:Apiforol 9067:Catechin 8987:Daidzein 8941:Apigenin 8933:Flavones 8805:Carnosol 8583:Phytoene 8568:Lycopene 8469:Squalane 8461:Saponins 8372:Steroids 8234:Cembrene 8211:-Abienol 8202:Bicyclic 8106:Cadinene 8041:Bicyclic 8007:p-Cymene 7981:Linalool 7966:Geraniol 7917:Sabinene 7907:Camphene 7886:Bicyclic 7867:Limonene 7851:Myrcenes 7792:Isoprene 7772:Steroids 7763:Iridoids 7731:isoprene 7723:terpenes 7556:Limonene 7515:Atropine 7500:Morphine 7426:ChEMBLdb 7267:abstract 7229:21463708 7221:22944875 7138:85367601 7103:32005770 7095:24301191 7060:10948245 7021:16656426 6997:30091640 6935:15755957 6730:Archived 6727:abstract 6705:16943219 6613:15752644 6578:17962750 6527:21821423 6416:28311874 6365:19551247 6357:28311627 6314:36409146 6306:17829890 6229:cite web 6191:29937875 6183:24258917 6126:45857570 6080:Archived 6059:21368454 6051:10549891 5999:21599793 5991:15518992 5929:10706273 5880:11966918 5831:34346907 5742:16748434 5693:29302603 5685:16133208 5544:18177906 5444:10913848 5366:11809064 5331:19410410 5266:16782000 5184:18836025 5100:19425182 5062:15826166 5027:26084768 5019:27039859 4968:21511068 4937:20073469 4855:17694562 4792:17902627 4725:19199590 4669:39140266 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