1406:
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34:
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1238:. References to either Nectanebo II or his grandfather have been found almost ubiquitously at the premier religious centres, and the piety of the two kings matched those of the great kings of the past, attested to by the numerous monuments across Egypt bearing their names. Nectanebo II, specifically, built and improved temples across the country, and he donated extensively to the priesthoods of the plethora of sites which he donated to. Nectanebo's name has been found at
938:
1559:(with the name Natanabo) together with other important "actors" of the same legend: Alexander, Philip of Macedon, Olympias and Ammon. An alchemical interpretation of this character was provided by the Italian scholar Sofia Di Vincenzo in a study on the Sola Busca Tarot, where she explains that Natanabo represents a celestial messenger who came to earth with a gift, the helmet, which is a symbol of invulnerability and both physical and mental potency.
1162:, and as many Greek mercenaries. In addition, Nectanebo had a number of flat-bottomed boats intended to prevent an enemy from entering the Nile mouths. The vulnerable points along his Mediterranean sea border and east boundary were protected by strongholds, fortifications and entrenched camps. Persian forces were strengthened by Mentor and his men, well acquainted with the eastern border of Egypt, and by 6,000
707:
646:
557:
494:
192:
1424:(fall 2020), Andrew Chugg showed that a 3rd century BC fragment of a high status Macedonian tomb found embedded in the foundations of St Mark's Basilica in Venice in 1960 is an exact fit as part of a tomb-casing for the sarcophagus, sparking renewed claims that the sarcophagus once held Alexander's remains.
1417:
is a suspected location of his temporary
Memphite tomb. Nectanebo had erected a temple there, where he may have intended to be laid to rest. It is possible the tomb was vacant in Memphis at the same time Alexander's body was placed there. When Alexander's remains were moved to Alexandria in 280 BC,
1142:
At the end of 344 BC, ambassadors of
Artaxerxes III arrived in Greece, asking for the Greeks' participation in a campaign against Egypt. Athens and Sparta treated the ambassadors with courtesy, but refrained from committing to an alliance against Egypt. Other cities, however, decided to support the
1089:
Foreign affairs under
Nectanebo II were thwarted by repeated Achaemenid attempts to reoccupy Egypt. Before the accession of Nectanebo II to the throne, the Persians attempted to reclaim Egypt in 385, 383, and 373 BC. Nectanebo used the peace to build up a new army and employed Greek mercenaries,
2452:
Vincent de
Beauvais, qui reprend cette tradition légendaire initiée par le Pseudo-Callisthène à la fin du III e siècle et suivie par un certain nombre d'auteurs médiévaux, raconte comment Olympias, abusée par les tours de magie de Nectanebo, a conçu Alexandre avec lui, sous la forme d'un
1393:
For a time, the tomb was believed to have belonged to
Alexander. However, after the translation of the Rosetta Stone, the writings on the sarcophagus were deciphered, and it became clear the tomb was not fashioned for him. The hieroglyphics on the tomb were sections from the
1233:
Though placed in an unfortunate period of
Egyptian history, and with his legacy perhaps marred by being "the last pharaoh" to rule an autonomous Egypt, Nectanebo was an extensive builder, likely on a scale that would equal many kings of the glory days of the
1010:, the troops of Nectanebo and Agesilaus were besieged by the usurper, who had gained many sympathisers. Despite the enemy's numerical superiority, Nectanebo and Agesilaus were victorious and the revolt was put down in the fall of 360 BC.
994:
to support him. Agesilaus, however, said he was sent to aid Egypt and not to wage war against it. Chabrias returned home with his mercenaries. Teos decided to flee to the
Achaemenid court, where he ultimately died of natural causes.
1006:, whose family had ruled the town before. The claimant sent messengers to Agesilaus in an attempt to persuade Agesilaus to his side. Agesilaus remained loyal to Nectanebo, fearing to become a turncoat. At one of the towns in the
1498:
This myth would hold strong appeal for the
Egyptians, who desired continuity and harbored a strong dislike for foreign rule. In art of this event, Nectanebo is usually depicted as having dragon-like features, for example in the
2400:
972:, started preparations for war against intruders. In the same year, the Egyptian army set off, traveling along the coast by land and sea. Nectanebo II accompanied his uncle Teos in that campaign and was in charge of the
981:
In an attempt to quickly raise finances for the war, Teos imposed taxes on
Egyptians and seized temple property. Egyptians, particularly the priests, resented these measures but supported Nectanebo II. Teos asked
1262:. The religious focus of his building campaigns, however, may not be solely due to sheer piety; because Nectanebo was an usurper, he likely sought to legitimise his rule over Egypt religiously.
1413:
It has been argued that the sarcophagus did indeed house the remains of
Alexander the Great. Alexander the Great's body was temporarily entombed in Memphis following his death in 323 BC, and
945:
In 525 BC, Egypt was conquered by the Achaemenid Empire. Because of internal struggles for the Persian imperial succession, Egypt managed to regain independence in 404 BC. In 389 BC, Pharaoh
1090:
which was a common practice at the time. In about 351 BC, the Achaemenid Empire embarked on a new attempt to reclaim Egypt. After a year of fighting, Nectanebo and his allied generals,
1405:
2082:
1326:
1105:, managed to defeat the Achaemenids. Having scored a resounding victory, Nectanebo II was acclaimed "Nectanebo the divine falcon" by his people, and cults were set up in his name.
2597:
1382:, as well as a seven ton sarcophagus, covered in hieroglyphics. Soon after the British secured these, they were approached by locals who believed that this was the tomb of
1528:. Nectanebo calls in the best sculptor of the realm, Petesis, to finish the job, but he bungles his assignment when he gets drunk and chases a beautiful girl instead. The
1378:
in 1801, Napoleon's forces surrendered to the British, and conditionally turned over antiquities they had gathered from the ancient city. Notably, among these was the
1974:
It is worth noting that a series of gold staters apparently issued by Tachos' successor, Nectanebo II (361/60 – 343) bear hieroglyphs meaning 'good gold' (nefer nub)
1091:
1495:
that Amun was to come to her and that they would father a son. Nectanebo, disguising himself as Amun, slept with Olympias and from this event came Alexander.
1135:, Tennes, and dispatched military aid in the form of 4,000 Greek mercenaries, led by Mentor of Rhodes. However, having heard of the approach of the forces of
1431:, where it was found by Napoleon's men, holes had been drilled in the sarcophagus. It had been used as a ritual bath when Alexandria was under Islamic rule.
6308:
6234:
33:
1102:
211:
1188:
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1555:) left a profound mark on European culture up to the Renaissance and beyond. It is no coincidence that this character is included in the
433:
6249:
6244:
1158:
In the winter of 343 BC, Artaxerxes set off for Egypt. The Egyptian army, headed by Nectanebo, consisted of 60,000 Egyptians, 20,000
2695:
Pascual, José (2013). "La datación de la ascensión al trono de Esparta de Agesilao II y la cronología de la dinastía XXX egipcia".
6224:
6219:
524:
1483:, a rumor was begun that Nectanebo II, following defeat in his last battle, did not travel to Nubia but instead to the court of
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95:
6239:
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1033:
Religion played an important part in Nectanebo's domestic policy. He began his reign by officiating over the funeral of an
953:
and for three years (from 385 to 383 BC) managed to withstand Persian aggression. However, following the conclusion of the
6204:
3984:
3772:
2288:
2595:
Depuydt, Leo (2010). "New Date for the Second Persian Conquest, End of Pharaonic and Manethonian Egypt: 340/39 B.C.E.".
2446:
1402:
of Nectanebo II. The tomb was likely created for Nectanebo, before going unused as he was overthrown and fled to Nubia.
6193:
4954:
4670:
3538:
2798:
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meaning "good gold": pectoral necklace (nub = "gold") crossing horizontally over a windpipe and heart (nefer = "good").
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2143:
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2010:
1950:
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During the reign of Nectanebo II, Egyptian artists developed a specific style that left a distinctive mark on the
5446:
576:
86:
5496:
5223:
5079:
1294:, no other annotated portraits of Nectanebo II are known. In the greywacke statue, Nectanebo II is shown in a
1181:, where he was granted asylum. He, however, preserved a degree of power there for some time. With the help of
1169:
Nectanebo II was ultimately defeated and, in the summer of 342 BC, Artaxerxes entered Memphis and installed a
5792:
5582:
5514:
5379:
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of Pharaoh Nectanebo II. According to the vertical inscriptions he set up this obelisk at the doorway of the
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2241:
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4834:
4746:
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39:
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cult. Under Nectanebo II a decree forbidding stone quarrying in the so-called "Mysterious Mountains" in
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4887:
4624:
4451:
4383:
2965:
1375:
1287:
1239:
809:
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6075:
3846:
1362:
Sarcophagus of Nectanebo II, taken by Napoleon at Alexandria and soon turned over to the British army
832:
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3920:
3691:
3553:
2543:
I Tarocchi Sola Busca e la cultura ermetico-alchemica tra Marche e Veneto alla fine del Qattrocento
1270:
1625:
611:
460:
5760:
5675:
5652:
3969:
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3557:
3357:
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1705:
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1733:. Blackwell history of the ancient world. Chichester, West Sussex; Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
1254:, among other places, but he built most extensively at Sebennytos, including the modern site of
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5781:
5700:
4614:
4474:
4084:
3718:
3678:
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1258:. The reliefs of the temples at Sebennytos would leave a distinct mark on the art of the later
1096:
2175:
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1967:
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and then seized the rest of Egypt, incorporating the country into the Achaemenid Empire under
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4069:
3495:
3283:
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1484:
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1026:
1022:
1002:, who proclaimed himself pharaoh. The revolt was probably led by one of the descendants of
2379:. Blackwell history of the ancient world (1. publ ed.). Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.
8:
5765:
5740:
5705:
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5017:
4992:
4196:
4191:
3615:
3046:
2619:
2401:"Was Alexander the Great Originally Interred in the Usurped Sarcophagus of Nectanebo II?"
2351:
1801:
Book of Exhortations and Useful Lessons in Dealing with Topography and Historical Remains
1551:
The legend of Nectanebo (or Nectanebus, or Natanabo, as reported in some versions of the
1513:
1468:
1409:
Sarcophagus of Nectanabo II. Seen at the bottom are the holes drilled for draining water.
1383:
1311:, the falcon represents Horus, while the hieroglyph in Nectanebo's right hand stands for
954:
54:
1699:
6055:
6042:
5619:
4629:
4201:
4176:
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3018:
2497:
1894:
The history of Egypt from the earliest times till the conquest by the Arabs: A. D. 640
1018:
898:". Although convention in English assigns identical names to him and his grandfather,
6110:
6089:
5983:
5950:
5662:
4997:
4619:
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4121:
4049:
3707:
3510:
3500:
3432:
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2708:
2681:
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2641:
2571:
2546:
2523:
2470:
2421:
2380:
2330:
2179:
2139:
2056:
2031:
2006:
1946:
1920:
1871:
1837:
1744:
1734:
1709:
1678:
1631:
1509:
1463:
1457:
Natanabo, from Sola Busca Tarot (Northern Italy, c. 1491, Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan)
1440:
1418:
it may have been along with the sarcophagus. In an article in the Egyptology journal
1259:
839:
820:
773:
2704:
6289:
6116:
5944:
5710:
5464:
5047:
4344:
4240:
4181:
3605:
3585:
2732:
2700:
2627:
2606:
2441:
1556:
1255:
1116:
950:
895:
843:
1892:
6061:
6031:
5990:
5926:
5670:
5600:
5470:
4809:
4464:
4186:
3580:
3218:
3186:
3025:
2675:
1940:
1428:
1386:. Thereafter, the sarcophagus was taken to London, where it still resides at the
1042:
922:
3767:
6157:
5955:
5916:
5634:
5590:
5459:
4543:
4469:
4299:
4171:
4131:
3879:
3731:
3696:
3686:
3620:
3575:
3457:
3452:
3032:
3011:
2977:
2742:
2631:
1420:
1387:
1212:
1144:
1136:
1038:
851:
847:
786:
77:
1491:. There, while Philip was away on campaign, Nectanebo convinced Philip's wife
1045:
of Apis. Among notable sanctuaries erected under Nectanebo II are a temple of
838:
For several years, Nectanebo II was successful in keeping Egypt safe from the
6302:
5836:
5735:
5567:
5537:
5213:
5068:
4925:
4794:
4634:
4609:
4559:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4146:
3953:
3884:
3874:
3736:
3490:
3238:
3181:
3134:
2971:
2930:
2725:
2712:
2610:
2334:
2245:
1748:
1379:
1152:
1083:
998:
Nectanebo contended with an unnamed pretender to the throne from the town of
969:
801:
67:
5921:
5755:
5745:
5720:
5522:
5481:
5207:
5119:
5007:
4920:
4900:
4819:
4784:
4779:
4665:
4604:
4314:
4136:
4126:
4089:
4044:
3958:
3948:
3938:
3854:
3570:
3447:
3256:
3197:
3057:
3004:
2909:
2527:
2522:. Translated by Sachau, Edward. London: K. Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co.
2474:
1728:
1713:
1532:
ends abruptly here, but this is probably the preface to the fall of Egypt.
1512:
tale of Nectanebo and Petesis, preserved only in a Greek fragment from the
1472:
1453:
1120:
1034:
1003:
2352:"sarcophagus; bath-tub (re-use); religious/ritual vessel | British Museum"
1139:, Mentor opened communication with the Persians in collusion with Tennes.
885:
779:
640:
488:
345:
235:
126:
6025:
5970:
5821:
5770:
5690:
5562:
5454:
5436:
5394:
5305:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5140:
5124:
5097:
5062:
5052:
4987:
4940:
4930:
4915:
4905:
4852:
4814:
4789:
4769:
4759:
4525:
4509:
4484:
4479:
4279:
4206:
4116:
4099:
4054:
4029:
3963:
3943:
3928:
3910:
3640:
3635:
3442:
3269:
3249:
3063:
2997:
2988:
2872:
2418:
Magic, Witchcraft, and Ghosts in the Greek and Roman Worlds: A Sourcebook
1547:
Alexander unhorsing Porrus, the King of India (BL Royal MS B xx, c. 1420)
1174:
1050:
899:
835:, and more than a hundred Egyptian sites bear evidence of his attention.
824:
2501:
1041:. There, Nectanebo added a relief decoration to the eastern and western
937:
6142:
6096:
6049:
6004:
5976:
5797:
5680:
5605:
5532:
5421:
5236:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5146:
5134:
5114:
5087:
5057:
5037:
4982:
4935:
4910:
4842:
4804:
4774:
4764:
4504:
4304:
4294:
4064:
4059:
4024:
3933:
3905:
3726:
3630:
3625:
3610:
3595:
3403:
3397:
3311:
3039:
2857:
2794:
1525:
1480:
1371:
1334:
1251:
1208:
1075:
1058:
1007:
2318:
6082:
5997:
5960:
5886:
5880:
5807:
5787:
5504:
5486:
5431:
5411:
5274:
5109:
5092:
5042:
4895:
4862:
4857:
4799:
4598:
4419:
4372:
4324:
4284:
4261:
4034:
3900:
3869:
3523:
3437:
3263:
3144:
2881:
1533:
1529:
1399:
1322:
1283:
1275:
1200:
1193:
1128:
1078:). Nectanebo II was responsible for the increasing popularity of the
987:
795:
735:
115:
965:
became the only obstacles to Persian hegemony in the Mediterranean.
6152:
6147:
6136:
6103:
6018:
6011:
5965:
5937:
5931:
5896:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5476:
5416:
5259:
5231:
4824:
4754:
4566:
4552:
4532:
4494:
4406:
4351:
4309:
4141:
4111:
4074:
4019:
3864:
3741:
3646:
3590:
3485:
3392:
3386:
3375:
3341:
3225:
3211:
3204:
3191:
3155:
2895:
1492:
1367:
1317:
1247:
1243:
991:
974:
2699:. Vol. 30. Complutense University of Madrid. pp. 29–49.
2677:
The Alexander Romance by Ps.-Callisthenes: A Historical Commentary
1831:
1476:
6129:
6068:
5911:
5595:
5406:
5400:
5388:
5269:
5264:
5201:
5180:
5025:
4977:
4877:
4867:
4592:
4489:
4459:
4441:
4430:
4413:
4365:
4358:
4289:
4211:
3859:
3667:
3653:
3565:
3516:
3422:
3365:
3316:
3149:
3139:
3119:
3052:
2902:
2781:
2242:"An Egyptian Colossal Quartzite Head of the Pharaoh Nectanebo II"
1467:
that details another end for the last native pharaoh. Soon after
1414:
1338:
1327:
University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology
1196:
1182:
1163:
1148:
1112:
1062:
805:
47:
2793:
1315:. Other portraits attributed to Nectanebo II (all featuring the
6036:
5906:
5543:
5426:
5031:
5002:
4872:
4847:
4639:
4573:
4399:
4392:
4319:
4274:
4268:
4094:
4014:
3600:
3427:
3380:
3334:
3306:
3232:
3110:
3069:
2951:
2916:
2888:
1914:
1803:. Translated by Stowasser, Karl. Hans A. Stowasser. p. 64.
1461:
There is an apocryphal tale appearing in the pseudo-historical
1395:
1330:
1302:
1216:
1170:
1079:
999:
983:
962:
816:
604:
453:
2640:(2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 337–360.
1617:
6122:
5901:
5891:
5869:
5527:
4436:
4424:
4337:
4254:
4105:
4039:
3701:
3370:
3328:
3322:
3114:
3073:
2944:
2937:
2923:
1521:
1296:
1291:
1204:
1178:
1132:
1071:
1066:
1046:
958:
946:
909:
903:
891:
878:
872:
866:
790:
600:
596:
1131:
rebellion against the Achaemenid Empire, led by the king of
5874:
5864:
5254:
5129:
4330:
3660:
3480:
3462:
3347:
3129:
3124:
2958:
2750:
2209:
2207:
1984:
1982:
1517:
1159:
1054:
651:
499:
368:
258:
151:
1780:
1656:
1654:
4079:
2637:
The Cambridge Ancient History VI: The Fourth Century B.C.
2570:. Stamford, Connecticut: U.S. Games Systems. p. 58.
1581:
5300:
2219:
2204:
2192:
1979:
1624:
Akyeampong, Emmanuel K.; Gates, Henry Louis Jr. (2012).
1290:, which shows Nectanebo II standing before the image of
854:. Nectanebo fled south. His subsequent fate is unknown.
1651:
1593:
1025:
of Nectanebo II. The design on the reverse consists of
449:
2659:. Ithaca, N.Y: Cornell University Press. p. 173.
1834:
Ancient Egypt: From Prehistory to the Islamic Conquest
1755:
1524:
is angry with him because of his unfinished temple in
1434:
1307:
His bent arm with the sword stands for the hieroglyph
1185:, Nectanebo made a vain attempt to regain the throne.
777:
2657:
The twilight of ancient Egypt: first millennium B.C.E
2490:
The Bulletin of the American Society of Papyrologists
968:
At the beginning of 360 BC, Nectanebo's predecessor,
2346:
2344:
1673:
Grimal, Nicolas; Shaw, Ian; Grimal, Nicolas (2001).
1605:
1915:Grimal, Nicolás; Nicolas-Christophe Grimal (1994).
1569:
2488:Koenen, Ludwig (1985). "The Dream of Nektanebos".
2469:. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. pp. 239–242.
842:. However, he was betrayed by his former servant,
2618:Lloyd, Alan B. (1994). "Egypt, 404–332 B.C.". In
2341:
1945:. American Numismatic Society. 1989. p. 26.
1677:(Repr ed.). Oxford: Blackwell. p. 379.
846:, and ultimately defeated. The Persians occupied
827:, Nectanebo II showed enthusiasm for many of the
6300:
1672:
1449:Papyrus of the Dream of Nectanebo, c. 160–150 BC
1623:
2374:
1836:. The Rosen Publishing Group. pp. 88–89.
1726:
1074:(a fragment of it was found in the temples of
2766:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2267:"The God Horus Protecting King Nectanebo II"
2236:
2234:
1868:A political history of the Achaemenid empire
1861:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1278:statue of Horus protecting Nectanebo II
865:is derived from the Greek form of his name,
2565:
2406:, Volume 31, Number 3, Fall 2020, pp. 66–74
2269:. David Rumsey Map Collection/AMICA Library
1832:Educational Britannica Educational (2010).
6309:Pharaohs of the Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt
2773:
2759:
2540:
2305:
2129:
2127:
2101:
2085:. Third Millennium Library. Archived from
1223:
957:in 387 BC between the Achaemenids and the
32:
2654:
2514:
2319:"The Sarcophagus of Alexander the Great?"
2231:
2225:
2213:
2198:
2167:
2005:. Cornell University Press. p. 190.
1988:
1910:
1908:
1865:
1850:
1660:
917:Medieval Arab authors referred to him as
883:in later sources). His Egyptian name was
6183:
1701:The History of Egypt under the Ptolemies
1542:
1452:
1444:
1404:
1357:
1269:
1187:
1107:
1017:
936:
2694:
2673:
2594:
2464:
2420:. Oxford University Press. p. 59.
2133:
2124:
2083:"Cambridge's Ancient History of Greece"
2076:
2074:
2072:
2050:
2044:
2000:
1884:
1786:
1761:
1611:
1599:
1587:
1516:, the pharaoh has a prophetic dream of
148:
6301:
5330:
4695:
3797:
2823:
2487:
2080:
1965:
1905:
1890:
1798:
1697:
1127:In 345/44 BC, Nectanebo supported the
6182:
5299:
4664:
3766:
2792:
2754:
2617:
2545:. Skira =location=Milan. p. 22.
2415:
2316:
2138:. Kessinger Publishing. p. 309.
2030:. Taylor & Francis. p. 222.
2025:
1575:
1228:
5835:
2069:
2055:. Taylor & Francis. p. 29.
2003:Death and salvation in ancient Egypt
2404:Kmt: A Modern Journal of Egyptology
1825:
1435:Nectanebo and the Alexander Romance
926:
13:
1775:The Rise and Fall of Ancient Egypt
226:One who contents the Heart of Gods
14:
6320:
1627:Dictionary of African Biographies
1396:Book of What is in the Underworld
2541:Gnaccolini, Laura Paola (2012).
2467:Popular Stories of Ancient Egypt
1969:Studies in ancient technology. 5
1919:. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 379.
1471:'s godhood was confirmed by the
932:
902:, the latter was in fact called
823:. Like his indirect predecessor
804:, as well as the third and last
705:
644:
555:
492:
190:
2705:10.5209/rev_GERI.2012.v30.41802
2588:
2559:
2534:
2508:
2481:
2458:
2434:
2409:
2393:
2368:
2281:
2259:
2161:
2152:
2115:
2019:
1994:
1959:
1942:American Journal of Numismatics
1933:
1816:
1807:
1792:
1767:
812:, reigning from 358 to 340 BC.
800:) was the last native ruler of
1972:. Brill Archive. p. 184.
1720:
1691:
1666:
1370:captured the Egyptian city of
1353:
1345:and a damaged quartzite head.
1211:. Today, it is located in the
1:
5793:Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator
2375:Van de Mieroop, Marc (2011).
2053:The Persians: an introduction
2028:Karnak: evolution of a temple
1727:Van de Mieroop, Marc (2011).
1562:
890:, which means "victorious is
583:
440:
328:
218:
102:
2780:
1704:. London: E. Moxon. p.
1487:in the guise of an Egyptian
1374:. Soon after, following the
1265:
904:
867:
796:
592:Nakhthor(en)hebit Meryhathor
16:Last native Egyptian pharaoh
7:
5726:Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator
2674:Nawotka, Krzysztof (2017).
2598:Journal of Egyptian History
2566:Di Vincenzo, Sofia (1998).
2442:"Héros, d'Achille à Zidane"
2174:. Wiley-Blackwell. p.
2168:Watterson, Barbara (1998).
1630:. Oxford University Press.
1343:Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
1282:Except for the small-scale
1207:, the Twice-Great, Lord of
40:Museum of Fine Arts of Lyon
10:
6325:
4625:Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef
4009:Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep
3773:Second Intermediate Period
2377:A history of ancient Egypt
1917:A history of ancient Egypt
1777:(Bloomsbury, 2010), p. 463
1730:A history of ancient Egypt
1675:A history of ancient Egypt
1438:
1325:head in the museum of the
1288:Metropolitan Museum of Art
910:
879:
873:
791:
696:
659:
654:
615:
546:
507:
502:
464:
434:Prenomen (Praenomen)
408:
374:
371:
349:
296:
264:
261:
239:
181:
159:
154:
130:
6287:
6189:
6178:
6076:Lucius Mussius Aemilianus
5820:
5766:Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos
5661:
5633:
5618:
5581:
5553:
5513:
5495:
5445:
5378:
5363:
5321:
5317:
5295:
5245:
5222:
5155:
5078:
5016:
4968:
4953:
4886:
4833:
4745:
4730:
4686:
4682:
4671:Third Intermediate Period
4660:
4583:
4542:
4450:
4382:
4230:
3998:
3983:
3919:
3893:
3845:
3830:
3788:
3784:
3762:
3717:
3677:
3552:
3537:
3471:
3413:
3356:
3297:
3282:
3172:
3101:
3086:
2987:
2871:
2856:
2814:
2810:
2799:First Intermediate Period
2788:
2739:
2730:
2722:
2655:Myśliwiec, Karol (2000).
2026:Blyth, Elizabeth (2006).
1866:Dandamaev, M. A. (1989).
1647:– via Google Books.
1348:
949:negotiated a treaty with
833:ancient Egyptian religion
757:
749:
741:
731:
658:
582:
575:
506:
448:Pleasing to the Heart is
439:
432:
373:
327:
320:
263:
217:
210:
158:
101:
94:
83:
73:
63:
53:
46:
31:
26:
21:
5788:Cleopatra VII Philopator
4045:Ameny Antef Amenemhet VI
2803: (<3150–2040 BC)
2611:10.1163/187416610X541709
2465:Maspero, Gaston (1915).
1013:
445:Snedjemibre Setepenanhur
5761:Ptolemy XI Alexander II
5676:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
3970:Seankhibtawy Seankhibra
2289:"The Campaign in Egypt"
2051:Brosius, Maria (2006).
1891:Sharpe, Samuel (1859).
1698:Sharpe, Samuel (1838).
1224:Archaeological evidence
857:
778:
5803:Ptolemy XIV Philopator
5782:Cleopatra VI Tryphaena
5776:Berenice IV Epiphaneia
5731:Ptolemy VIII Euergetes
5701:Arsinoe III Philopator
4615:Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef
4085:Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw
4025:Sekhemkare Amenemhat V
3616:Neferkare VI Pepiseneb
2416:Ogden, Daniel (2002).
2317:Chugg, Andrew (2002).
1966:Forbes, R. J. (1965).
1870:. BRILL. p. 301.
1548:
1540:reproduces the story.
1458:
1450:
1410:
1363:
1279:
1220:
1124:
1061:. He also dedicated a
1030:
942:
38:Head of Nectanebo II,
5751:Ptolemy X Alexander I
5716:Ptolemy VI Philometor
5696:Ptolemy IV Philopator
5691:Berenice II Euergetes
5686:Ptolemy III Euergetes
5648:Philip III Arrhidaeus
4157:Khahotepre Sobekhotep
4152:Merhotepre Sobekhotep
3506:Merenre Nemtyemsaf II
2356:www.britishmuseum.org
2001:Assmann, Jan (2005).
1546:
1456:
1448:
1408:
1361:
1341:head acquired by the
1273:
1191:
1111:
1021:
990:and Athenian general
941:Isis and Nectanebo II
940:
588:Nḫt Ḥr n ḥbt mrj Ḥtḥr
6184:Dynastic genealogies
5808:Ptolemy XV Caesarion
5104:Tutkheperre Shoshenq
5018:High Priests of Amun
4520:Merankhre Mentuhotep
4222:Seheqenre Sankhptahi
4217:Sewadjare Mentuhotep
4070:Khaankhre Sobekhotep
3777: (2040–1550 BC)
3496:Merenre Nemtyemsaf I
2134:Maspero, G. (2003).
1485:Philip II of Macedon
1398:, and contained the
1376:Battle of Alexandria
1173:. Nectanebo fled to
1092:Diophantus of Athens
1027:Egyptian hieroglyphs
1023:Egyptian gold stater
5706:Ptolemy V Epiphanes
5643:Alexander the Great
4675: (1550–664 BC)
4197:Mershepsesre Ini II
4192:Merkawre Sobekhotep
3586:Neferkare IV Khendu
1789:, pp. 193–194.
1590:, pp. 199–201.
1514:Serapeum of Saqqara
1502:Speculum Historiale
1469:Alexander the Great
1384:Alexander the Great
955:Peace of Antalcidas
831:of the gods within
6043:Trebonianus Gallus
4630:Senakhtenre Ahmose
4248:Ya'ammu Nubwoserre
4202:Sewahenre Senebmiu
4177:Sankhenre Sewadjtu
3606:Neferkare V Tereru
3576:Neferkare III Neby
3244:Sekhemib-Perenmaat
1549:
1538:A History of India
1459:
1451:
1411:
1364:
1280:
1229:Building campaigns
1221:
1125:
1031:
943:
6296:
6295:
6283:
6282:
6174:
6173:
6170:
6169:
6166:
6165:
6090:Claudius Gothicus
5984:Severus Alexander
5951:Septimius Severus
5816:
5815:
5614:
5613:
5359:
5358:
5291:
5290:
5287:
5286:
5283:
5282:
4998:Osorkon the Elder
4949:
4948:
4726:
4725:
4656:
4655:
4652:
4651:
4648:
4647:
4620:Nubkheperre Intef
4500:Sekhemre Shedwast
4122:Sehetepkare Intef
4050:Semenkare Nebnuni
3979:
3978:
3826:
3825:
3758:
3757:
3754:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3533:
3532:
3511:Netjerkare Siptah
3433:Neferirkare Kakai
3278:
3277:
3082:
3081:
2852:
2851:
2749:
2748:
2740:Succeeded by
2687:978-90-04-33521-9
2680:. Leiden: Brill.
2666:978-0-8014-3716-8
2552:978-88-572-1764-2
2386:978-1-4051-6071-1
2323:Greece & Rome
2121:Dandamaev, p. 310
2112:Dandamaev, p. 309
2089:on March 15, 2012
1897:. Moxon. p.
1843:978-1-61530-210-9
1740:978-1-4051-6070-4
1684:978-0-631-19396-8
1602:, pp. 37–38.
1553:Alexander Romance
1520:in which the god
1464:Alexander romance
1441:Alexander romance
1260:Ptolemaic Kingdom
1115:of Nectanebo II,
959:Greek city-states
840:Achaemenid Empire
821:Ptolemaic Kingdom
810:Thirtieth Dynasty
767:
766:
762:Thirtieth Dynasty
725:
724:
721:
720:
717:
716:
713:
712:
700:
699:
692:
691:
688:
687:
635:
634:
631:
630:
603:, the beloved of
571:
570:
567:
566:
563:
562:
550:
549:
542:
541:
538:
537:
483:
482:
479:
478:
428:
427:
424:
423:
420:
419:
412:
411:
406:
405:
402:
401:
365:
364:
361:
360:
316:
315:
312:
311:
308:
307:
300:
299:
294:
293:
290:
289:
255:
254:
251:
250:
206:
205:
202:
201:
198:
197:
185:
184:
177:
176:
173:
172:
146:
145:
142:
141:
6316:
6290:List of pharaohs
6180:
6179:
5945:Pescennius Niger
5833:
5832:
5829:
5828:
5741:Ptolemy IX Soter
5711:Cleopatra I Syra
5631:
5630:
5627:
5626:
5376:
5375:
5372:
5371:
5328:
5327:
5319:
5318:
5312:
5311:
5297:
5296:
5048:Djedkhonsuefankh
4966:
4965:
4962:
4961:
4743:
4742:
4739:
4738:
4713:
4708:
4693:
4692:
4684:
4683:
4677:
4676:
4662:
4661:
4255:Qareh Khawoserre
4241:Yakbim Sekhaenre
4182:Mersekhemre Ined
3996:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3843:
3842:
3839:
3838:
3795:
3794:
3786:
3785:
3779:
3778:
3764:
3763:
3550:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3295:
3294:
3291:
3290:
3099:
3098:
3095:
3094:
2869:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2821:
2820:
2812:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2790:
2789:
2775:
2768:
2761:
2752:
2751:
2733:Pharaoh of Egypt
2723:Preceded by
2720:
2719:
2716:
2691:
2670:
2651:
2628:Simon Hornblower
2614:
2582:
2581:
2568:Sola Busca Tarot
2563:
2557:
2556:
2538:
2532:
2531:
2520:Alberuni's India
2512:
2506:
2505:
2496:(1/4): 171–194.
2485:
2479:
2478:
2462:
2456:
2455:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2413:
2407:
2397:
2391:
2390:
2372:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2362:
2348:
2339:
2338:
2314:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2299:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2252:
2238:
2229:
2223:
2217:
2211:
2202:
2196:
2190:
2189:
2165:
2159:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2136:History of Egypt
2131:
2122:
2119:
2113:
2110:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2078:
2067:
2066:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2023:
2017:
2016:
1998:
1992:
1986:
1977:
1976:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1912:
1903:
1902:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1863:
1848:
1847:
1829:
1823:
1820:
1814:
1811:
1805:
1804:
1796:
1790:
1784:
1778:
1773:Toby Wilkinson,
1771:
1765:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1670:
1664:
1658:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1621:
1615:
1609:
1603:
1597:
1591:
1585:
1579:
1573:
1557:Sola Busca tarot
1256:Behbeit El Hagar
1117:Egyptian faience
1103:Lamius of Sparta
1100:
1053:and a temple of
986:military leader
928:
913:
912:
907:
882:
881:
876:
875:
870:
844:Mentor of Rhodes
799:
794:
793:
784:
709:
708:
664:
663:
660:
652:
648:
647:
641:
620:
619:
616:
612:
584:
559:
558:
512:
511:
508:
500:
496:
495:
489:
469:
468:
465:
461:
441:
379:
378:
375:
369:
354:
353:
350:
346:
342:
341:
329:
269:
268:
265:
259:
244:
243:
240:
236:
232:
231:
219:
194:
193:
164:
163:
160:
152:
135:
134:
131:
127:
123:
122:
103:
92:
91:
36:
19:
18:
6324:
6323:
6319:
6318:
6317:
6315:
6314:
6313:
6299:
6298:
6297:
6292:
6279:
6185:
6162:
6062:Macrianus Minor
5991:Maximinus Thrax
5927:Marcus Aurelius
5826:
5825:
5824:
5812:
5671:Ptolemy I Soter
5657:
5624:
5623:
5622:
5610:
5577:
5549:
5509:
5491:
5471:Psammetichus IV
5441:
5369:
5368:
5367:
5355:
5333:
5324:
5313:
5310:(664 BC–313 AD)
5309:
5308:
5279:
5241:
5218:
5214:Menkheperre Ini
5151:
5074:
5012:
4959:
4958:
4957:
4945:
4882:
4829:
4810:Neferneferuaten
4736:
4735:
4734:
4722:
4721:
4711:
4706:
4705:Pharaohs
4698:
4689:
4678:
4674:
4673:
4644:
4579:
4538:
4465:Sobekhotep VIII
4446:
4378:
4226:
4187:Sewadjkare Hori
3989:
3988:
3987:
3975:
3915:
3889:
3836:
3835:
3834:
3822:
3800:
3791:
3780:
3776:
3775:
3746:
3713:
3673:
3581:Djedkare Shemai
3543:
3542:
3541:
3529:
3467:
3409:
3352:
3288:
3287:
3286:
3274:
3168:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3078:
2983:
2862:
2861:
2860:
2848:
2826:
2817:
2806:
2802:
2801:
2784:
2779:
2745:
2736:
2728:
2688:
2667:
2648:
2591:
2586:
2585:
2578:
2564:
2560:
2553:
2539:
2535:
2513:
2509:
2486:
2482:
2463:
2459:
2440:
2439:
2435:
2428:
2414:
2410:
2398:
2394:
2387:
2373:
2369:
2360:
2358:
2350:
2349:
2342:
2315:
2306:
2297:
2295:
2287:
2286:
2282:
2272:
2270:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2250:
2248:
2240:
2239:
2232:
2224:
2220:
2212:
2205:
2197:
2193:
2186:
2166:
2162:
2157:
2153:
2146:
2132:
2125:
2120:
2116:
2111:
2102:
2092:
2090:
2079:
2070:
2063:
2049:
2045:
2038:
2024:
2020:
2013:
1999:
1995:
1987:
1980:
1964:
1960:
1953:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1927:
1913:
1906:
1889:
1885:
1878:
1864:
1851:
1844:
1830:
1826:
1821:
1817:
1812:
1808:
1797:
1793:
1785:
1781:
1772:
1768:
1760:
1756:
1741:
1725:
1721:
1696:
1692:
1685:
1671:
1667:
1659:
1652:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1622:
1618:
1610:
1606:
1598:
1594:
1586:
1582:
1574:
1570:
1565:
1443:
1437:
1429:Attarine Mosque
1356:
1351:
1268:
1231:
1226:
1177:and finally to
1094:
1016:
935:
860:
727:
726:
706:
683:
645:
627:
594:
590:
556:
533:
528:
493:
447:
397:
392:
386:
336:Creator of Laws
335:
276:
225:
191:
168:
114:Beloved by the
113:
109:
89:
59:358–340 BC
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6322:
6312:
6311:
6294:
6293:
6288:
6285:
6284:
6281:
6280:
6278:
6277:
6272:
6267:
6262:
6257:
6252:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6232:
6227:
6222:
6217:
6212:
6207:
6202:
6199:
6196:
6190:
6187:
6186:
6176:
6175:
6172:
6171:
6168:
6167:
6164:
6163:
6161:
6160:
6158:Maximinus Daza
6155:
6150:
6145:
6140:
6133:
6126:
6119:
6114:
6107:
6100:
6093:
6086:
6079:
6072:
6065:
6058:
6053:
6046:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6022:
6015:
6008:
6001:
5994:
5987:
5980:
5973:
5968:
5963:
5958:
5953:
5948:
5941:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5917:Antoninus Pius
5914:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5841:
5839:
5830:
5827:(30 BC–313 AD)
5818:
5817:
5814:
5813:
5811:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5785:
5778:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5667:
5665:
5659:
5658:
5656:
5655:
5650:
5645:
5639:
5637:
5628:
5616:
5615:
5612:
5611:
5609:
5608:
5603:
5598:
5593:
5591:Artaxerxes III
5587:
5585:
5579:
5578:
5576:
5575:
5570:
5565:
5559:
5557:
5551:
5550:
5548:
5547:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5519:
5517:
5511:
5510:
5508:
5507:
5501:
5499:
5493:
5492:
5490:
5489:
5484:
5479:
5474:
5467:
5462:
5460:Petubastis III
5457:
5451:
5449:
5443:
5442:
5440:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5397:
5392:
5384:
5382:
5373:
5361:
5360:
5357:
5356:
5354:
5353:
5348:
5347:
5346:
5343:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5325:
5322:
5315:
5314:
5293:
5292:
5289:
5288:
5285:
5284:
5281:
5280:
5278:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5251:
5249:
5243:
5242:
5240:
5239:
5234:
5228:
5226:
5220:
5219:
5217:
5216:
5211:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5161:
5159:
5153:
5152:
5150:
5149:
5144:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5084:
5082:
5076:
5075:
5073:
5072:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5028:
5022:
5020:
5014:
5013:
5011:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4974:
4972:
4963:
4955:3 Intermediate
4951:
4950:
4947:
4946:
4944:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4892:
4890:
4884:
4883:
4881:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4839:
4837:
4831:
4830:
4828:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4751:
4749:
4740:
4737:(1550–1070 BC)
4728:
4727:
4724:
4723:
4720:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4702:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4690:
4687:
4680:
4679:
4658:
4657:
4654:
4653:
4650:
4649:
4646:
4645:
4643:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4595:
4589:
4587:
4581:
4580:
4578:
4577:
4570:
4563:
4556:
4548:
4546:
4540:
4539:
4537:
4536:
4529:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4470:Neferhotep III
4467:
4462:
4456:
4454:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4410:
4403:
4396:
4388:
4386:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4376:
4369:
4362:
4355:
4348:
4341:
4334:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4300:Sewadjkare III
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4269:Maaibre Sheshi
4265:
4262:'Ammu Ahotepre
4258:
4251:
4244:
4236:
4234:
4228:
4227:
4225:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4172:Merhotepre Ini
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4132:Sobekhotep III
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4004:
4002:
3993:
3990:(1802–1550 BC)
3985:2 Intermediate
3981:
3980:
3977:
3976:
3974:
3973:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3925:
3923:
3917:
3916:
3914:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3897:
3895:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3887:
3882:
3880:Mentuhotep III
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3851:
3849:
3840:
3837:(2040–1802 BC)
3832:Middle Kingdom
3828:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3815:
3814:
3813:
3810:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3792:
3789:
3782:
3781:
3769:Middle Kingdom
3760:
3759:
3756:
3755:
3752:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3732:Neferkare VIII
3729:
3723:
3721:
3715:
3714:
3712:
3711:
3704:
3699:
3697:Nebkaure Khety
3694:
3689:
3687:Meryibre Khety
3683:
3681:
3675:
3674:
3672:
3671:
3664:
3657:
3650:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3621:Neferkamin Anu
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3562:
3560:
3547:
3544:(2181–2040 BC)
3539:1 Intermediate
3535:
3534:
3531:
3530:
3528:
3527:
3520:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3477:
3475:
3469:
3468:
3466:
3465:
3460:
3458:Djedkare Isesi
3455:
3453:Menkauhor Kaiu
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3419:
3417:
3411:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3362:
3360:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3350:
3345:
3338:
3331:
3326:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3303:
3301:
3292:
3289:(2686–2181 BC)
3280:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3272:
3267:
3260:
3253:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3229:
3222:
3215:
3208:
3201:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3178:
3176:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3159:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3107:
3105:
3096:
3093:(3150–2686 BC)
3088:Early Dynastic
3084:
3083:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3076:
3067:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3043:
3036:
3029:
3022:
3015:
3008:
3001:
2993:
2991:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2981:
2974:
2969:
2962:
2955:
2948:
2941:
2934:
2927:
2920:
2913:
2906:
2899:
2892:
2885:
2877:
2875:
2866:
2854:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2841:
2840:
2839:
2836:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2818:
2815:
2808:
2807:
2786:
2785:
2778:
2777:
2770:
2763:
2755:
2747:
2746:
2743:Artaxerxes III
2741:
2738:
2729:
2724:
2718:
2717:
2692:
2686:
2671:
2665:
2652:
2646:
2615:
2605:(2): 191–230.
2590:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2576:
2558:
2551:
2533:
2507:
2480:
2457:
2433:
2426:
2408:
2392:
2385:
2367:
2340:
2304:
2280:
2258:
2230:
2228:, p. 172.
2226:Myśliwiec 2000
2218:
2216:, p. 170.
2214:Myśliwiec 2000
2203:
2201:, p. 177.
2199:Myśliwiec 2000
2191:
2184:
2160:
2158:Brosius, p. 30
2151:
2144:
2123:
2114:
2100:
2068:
2061:
2043:
2036:
2018:
2011:
1993:
1991:, p. 171.
1989:Myśliwiec 2000
1978:
1958:
1951:
1932:
1925:
1904:
1883:
1876:
1849:
1842:
1824:
1822:Grimal, p. 377
1815:
1813:Grimal, p. 374
1806:
1791:
1779:
1766:
1764:, p. 194.
1754:
1739:
1719:
1690:
1683:
1665:
1663:, p. 173.
1661:Myśliwiec 2000
1650:
1636:
1616:
1604:
1592:
1580:
1578:, p. 358.
1567:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1439:Main article:
1436:
1433:
1388:British Museum
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1286:statue in the
1267:
1264:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1213:British Museum
1137:Artaxerxes III
1015:
1012:
934:
931:
859:
856:
852:Artaxerxes III
765:
764:
759:
755:
754:
751:
747:
746:
743:
739:
738:
733:
729:
728:
723:
722:
719:
718:
715:
714:
711:
710:
703:
701:
698:
697:
694:
693:
690:
689:
686:
685:
680:
677:
674:
671:
668:
656:
655:
649:
638:
636:
633:
632:
629:
628:
624:
608:
607:
580:
579:
573:
572:
569:
568:
565:
564:
561:
560:
553:
551:
548:
547:
544:
543:
540:
539:
536:
535:
530:
525:
522:
519:
516:
504:
503:
497:
486:
484:
481:
480:
477:
476:
473:
457:
456:
437:
436:
430:
429:
426:
425:
422:
421:
418:
417:
415:
413:
410:
409:
407:
404:
403:
400:
399:
394:
388:
383:
372:
366:
363:
362:
359:
358:
338:
337:
325:
324:
318:
317:
314:
313:
310:
309:
306:
305:
303:
301:
298:
297:
295:
292:
291:
288:
287:
284:
281:
278:
273:
262:
256:
253:
252:
249:
248:
228:
227:
215:
214:
208:
207:
204:
203:
200:
199:
196:
195:
188:
186:
183:
182:
179:
178:
175:
174:
171:
170:
156:
155:
149:
147:
144:
143:
140:
139:
119:
118:
99:
98:
90:
87:Royal titulary
85:
84:
81:
80:
78:Artaxerxes III
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
57:
51:
50:
44:
43:
37:
29:
28:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6321:
6310:
6307:
6306:
6304:
6291:
6286:
6276:
6273:
6271:
6268:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6221:
6218:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6191:
6188:
6181:
6177:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6138:
6134:
6132:
6131:
6127:
6125:
6124:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6112:
6108:
6106:
6105:
6101:
6099:
6098:
6094:
6092:
6091:
6087:
6085:
6084:
6080:
6078:
6077:
6073:
6071:
6070:
6066:
6064:
6063:
6059:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6051:
6047:
6045:
6044:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6027:
6023:
6021:
6020:
6016:
6014:
6013:
6009:
6007:
6006:
6002:
6000:
5999:
5995:
5993:
5992:
5988:
5986:
5985:
5981:
5979:
5978:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5946:
5942:
5940:
5939:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5882:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5842:
5840:
5838:
5834:
5831:
5823:
5819:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5783:
5779:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5736:Cleopatra III
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5668:
5666:
5664:
5660:
5654:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5644:
5641:
5640:
5638:
5636:
5632:
5629:
5621:
5617:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5588:
5586:
5584:
5580:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5560:
5558:
5556:
5552:
5546:
5545:
5541:
5539:
5538:Nepherites II
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5520:
5518:
5516:
5512:
5506:
5503:
5502:
5500:
5498:
5494:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5472:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5452:
5450:
5448:
5444:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5402:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5390:
5386:
5385:
5383:
5381:
5377:
5374:
5366:
5362:
5352:
5349:
5344:
5341:
5340:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5329:
5326:
5320:
5316:
5307:
5303:
5298:
5294:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5252:
5250:
5248:
5244:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5229:
5227:
5225:
5221:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5209:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5182:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5162:
5160:
5158:
5154:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5142:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5105:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5085:
5083:
5081:
5077:
5071:
5070:
5069:Psusennes III
5066:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5033:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5023:
5021:
5019:
5015:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4975:
4973:
4971:
4967:
4964:
4960:(1069–664 BC)
4956:
4952:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4926:Ramesses VIII
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4893:
4891:
4889:
4885:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4840:
4838:
4836:
4832:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4795:Amenhotep III
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4752:
4750:
4748:
4744:
4741:
4733:
4729:
4718:
4715:
4710:
4704:
4703:
4700:
4694:
4691:
4685:
4681:
4672:
4668:
4663:
4659:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4635:Seqenenre Tao
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4610:Sobekemsaf II
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4600:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4586:
4582:
4576:
4575:
4571:
4569:
4568:
4564:
4562:
4561:
4560:Wepwawetemsaf
4557:
4555:
4554:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4545:
4541:
4535:
4534:
4530:
4528:
4527:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4457:
4455:
4453:
4449:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4432:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4415:
4411:
4409:
4408:
4404:
4402:
4401:
4397:
4395:
4394:
4390:
4389:
4387:
4385:
4381:
4375:
4374:
4370:
4368:
4367:
4363:
4361:
4360:
4356:
4354:
4353:
4349:
4347:
4346:
4342:
4340:
4339:
4335:
4333:
4332:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4270:
4266:
4264:
4263:
4259:
4257:
4256:
4252:
4250:
4249:
4245:
4243:
4242:
4238:
4237:
4235:
4233:
4229:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4167:Merneferre Ay
4165:
4163:
4162:Wahibre Ibiau
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4147:Sobekhotep IV
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4107:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4010:
4006:
4005:
4003:
4001:
3997:
3994:
3986:
3982:
3972:
3971:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3954:Amenemhat III
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3922:
3918:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3892:
3886:
3885:Mentuhotep IV
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3875:Mentuhotep II
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3850:
3848:
3844:
3841:
3833:
3829:
3819:
3816:
3811:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3804:
3802:
3796:
3793:
3787:
3783:
3774:
3770:
3765:
3761:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3737:Wahkare Khety
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3722:
3720:
3716:
3710:
3709:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3692:Neferkare VII
3690:
3688:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3680:
3676:
3670:
3669:
3665:
3663:
3662:
3658:
3656:
3655:
3651:
3649:
3648:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3548:
3540:
3536:
3526:
3525:
3521:
3519:
3518:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3474:
3470:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3416:
3412:
3406:
3405:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3359:
3355:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3339:
3337:
3336:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3300:
3296:
3293:
3285:
3281:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3265:
3261:
3259:
3258:
3254:
3252:
3251:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3239:Seth-Peribsen
3237:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3221:
3220:
3216:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3207:
3206:
3202:
3200:
3199:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3182:Hotepsekhemwy
3180:
3179:
3177:
3175:
3171:
3165:
3164:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3104:
3100:
3097:
3089:
3085:
3075:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3048:
3044:
3042:
3041:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3023:
3021:
3020:
3016:
3014:
3013:
3009:
3007:
3006:
3002:
3000:
2999:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2990:
2986:
2980:
2979:
2975:
2973:
2972:Double Falcon
2970:
2968:
2967:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2956:
2954:
2953:
2949:
2947:
2946:
2942:
2940:
2939:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2919:
2918:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2907:
2905:
2904:
2900:
2898:
2897:
2893:
2891:
2890:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2874:
2870:
2867:
2863:(pre-3150 BC)
2859:
2858:Protodynastic
2855:
2845:
2842:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2822:
2819:
2813:
2809:
2800:
2796:
2795:Protodynastic
2791:
2787:
2783:
2776:
2771:
2769:
2764:
2762:
2757:
2756:
2753:
2744:
2735:
2734:
2727:
2721:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2693:
2689:
2683:
2679:
2678:
2672:
2668:
2662:
2658:
2653:
2649:
2647:0-521-23348-8
2643:
2639:
2638:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2624:John Boardman
2621:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2593:
2592:
2579:
2577:1-57281-130-7
2573:
2569:
2562:
2554:
2548:
2544:
2537:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2511:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2484:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2461:
2454:
2450:(in French).
2449:
2448:
2443:
2437:
2429:
2427:0-19-513575-X
2423:
2419:
2412:
2405:
2402:
2399:A. M. Chugg,
2396:
2388:
2382:
2378:
2371:
2357:
2353:
2347:
2345:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2294:
2290:
2284:
2268:
2262:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2235:
2227:
2222:
2215:
2210:
2208:
2200:
2195:
2187:
2185:0-631-21195-0
2181:
2177:
2173:
2172:
2171:The Egyptians
2164:
2155:
2147:
2145:0-7661-3512-8
2141:
2137:
2130:
2128:
2118:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2088:
2084:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2064:
2062:0-415-32089-5
2058:
2054:
2047:
2039:
2037:0-415-40486-X
2033:
2029:
2022:
2014:
2012:0-8014-4241-9
2008:
2004:
1997:
1990:
1985:
1983:
1975:
1971:
1970:
1962:
1954:
1952:9780897222969
1948:
1944:
1943:
1936:
1928:
1926:0-306-46158-7
1922:
1918:
1911:
1909:
1900:
1896:
1895:
1887:
1879:
1877:90-04-09172-6
1873:
1869:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1845:
1839:
1835:
1828:
1819:
1810:
1802:
1795:
1788:
1783:
1776:
1770:
1763:
1758:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1736:
1732:
1731:
1723:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1702:
1694:
1686:
1680:
1676:
1669:
1662:
1657:
1655:
1639:
1637:9780195382075
1633:
1629:
1628:
1620:
1614:, p. 42.
1613:
1608:
1601:
1596:
1589:
1584:
1577:
1572:
1568:
1560:
1558:
1554:
1545:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1508:In the early
1506:
1504:
1503:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1465:
1455:
1447:
1442:
1432:
1430:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1416:
1407:
1403:
1401:
1397:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1380:Rosetta Stone
1377:
1373:
1369:
1360:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1304:
1299:
1298:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1277:
1272:
1263:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1195:
1190:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1104:
1098:
1093:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1001:
996:
993:
989:
985:
979:
977:
976:
971:
966:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
939:
933:Rise to power
930:
924:
920:
915:
906:
901:
897:
893:
889:
887:
869:
864:
855:
853:
849:
845:
841:
836:
834:
830:
826:
822:
818:
813:
811:
807:
803:
802:ancient Egypt
798:
788:
783:
781:
775:
771:
763:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
737:
734:
730:
704:
702:
695:
681:
678:
675:
672:
669:
666:
665:
662:
661:
657:
653:
650:
643:
642:
639:
637:
625:
622:
621:
618:
617:
614:
613:
610:
609:
606:
602:
598:
593:
589:
586:
585:
581:
578:
574:
554:
552:
545:
531:
526:
523:
520:
517:
514:
513:
510:
509:
505:
501:
498:
491:
490:
487:
485:
474:
471:
470:
467:
466:
463:
462:
459:
458:
455:
451:
446:
443:
442:
438:
435:
431:
416:
414:
395:
389:
384:
381:
380:
377:
376:
370:
367:
356:
355:
352:
351:
348:
347:
344:
343:
340:
339:
334:
331:
330:
326:
323:
319:
304:
302:
285:
282:
279:
274:
271:
270:
267:
266:
260:
257:
246:
245:
242:
241:
238:
237:
234:
233:
230:
229:
224:
221:
220:
216:
213:
209:
189:
187:
180:
166:
165:
162:
161:
157:
153:
150:
137:
136:
133:
132:
129:
128:
125:
124:
121:
120:
117:
112:
108:
105:
104:
100:
97:
93:
88:
82:
79:
76:
72:
69:
66:
62:
58:
56:
52:
49:
45:
41:
35:
30:
25:
20:
6135:
6128:
6121:
6109:
6102:
6095:
6088:
6081:
6074:
6067:
6060:
6048:
6041:
6024:
6017:
6010:
6003:
5996:
5989:
5982:
5975:
5943:
5936:
5922:Lucius Verus
5879:
5780:
5756:Berenice III
5746:Cleopatra IV
5721:Cleopatra II
5653:Alexander IV
5573:Nectanebo II
5572:
5542:
5523:Nepherites I
5482:Artaxerxes I
5469:
5399:
5387:
5370:(664–332 BC)
5350:
5306:Roman Period
5208:Shoshenq VII
5206:
5179:
5139:
5120:Shoshenq III
5102:
5067:
5030:
5008:Psusennes II
4921:Ramesses VII
4901:Ramesses III
4785:Amenhotep II
4780:Thutmose III
4716:
4605:Sobekemsaf I
4597:
4572:
4565:
4558:
4551:
4531:
4524:
4429:
4412:
4407:'Aper-'Anati
4405:
4398:
4391:
4371:
4364:
4357:
4350:
4343:
4336:
4329:
4315:Sekheperenre
4267:
4260:
4253:
4246:
4239:
4137:Neferhotep I
4127:Seth Meribre
4104:
4090:Djedkheperew
4007:
3968:
3959:Amenemhat IV
3949:Senusret III
3939:Amenemhat II
3855:Mentuhotep I
3817:
3706:
3666:
3659:
3652:
3645:
3571:Neferkare II
3522:
3515:
3448:Nyuserre Ini
3402:
3385:
3340:
3333:
3321:
3262:
3257:Neferkasokar
3255:
3248:
3231:
3224:
3217:
3210:
3203:
3196:
3161:
3154:
3062:
3045:
3038:
3031:
3024:
3017:
3010:
3005:Finger Snail
3003:
2996:
2976:
2964:
2957:
2950:
2943:
2936:
2929:
2922:
2915:
2908:
2901:
2894:
2887:
2880:
2843:
2731:
2696:
2676:
2656:
2636:
2602:
2596:
2589:Bibliography
2567:
2561:
2542:
2536:
2519:
2510:
2493:
2489:
2483:
2466:
2460:
2451:
2445:
2436:
2417:
2411:
2403:
2395:
2376:
2370:
2359:. Retrieved
2355:
2326:
2322:
2296:. Retrieved
2293:napoleon.org
2292:
2283:
2271:. Retrieved
2261:
2249:. Retrieved
2221:
2194:
2170:
2163:
2154:
2135:
2117:
2091:. Retrieved
2087:the original
2081:H. R. Hall.
2052:
2046:
2027:
2021:
2002:
1996:
1973:
1968:
1961:
1941:
1935:
1916:
1893:
1886:
1867:
1833:
1827:
1818:
1809:
1800:
1799:Al-Maqrīzī.
1794:
1787:Depuydt 2010
1782:
1774:
1769:
1762:Depuydt 2010
1757:
1729:
1722:
1700:
1693:
1674:
1668:
1641:. Retrieved
1626:
1619:
1612:Pascual 2013
1607:
1600:Nawotka 2017
1595:
1588:Depuydt 2010
1583:
1571:
1552:
1550:
1537:
1507:
1501:
1497:
1473:Libyan Sibyl
1462:
1460:
1426:
1419:
1412:
1392:
1365:
1321:) include a
1316:
1312:
1308:
1301:
1295:
1281:
1232:
1168:
1157:
1141:
1126:
1121:Museo Egizio
1088:
1086:was issued.
1065:
1032:
1004:Nepherites I
997:
980:
973:
967:
961:, Egypt and
944:
918:
916:
884:
862:
861:
837:
814:
770:Nectanebo II
769:
768:
753:After 340 BC
591:
587:
452:, chosen of
444:
332:
322:Golden Horus
223:Shrw-jb-nṯrw
222:
110:
106:
22:Nectanebo II
6026:Gordian III
5971:Diadumenian
5771:Cleopatra V
5625:(332–30 BC)
5620:Hellenistic
5563:Nectanebo I
5455:Cambyses II
5437:Psamtik III
5395:Tefnakht II
5197:Takelot III
5192:Osorkon III
5187:Shoshenq VI
5141:Pedubast II
5125:Shoshenq IV
5098:Shoshenq II
5063:Pinedjem II
5053:Menkheperre
4988:Psusennes I
4941:Ramesses XI
4931:Ramesses IX
4916:Ramesses VI
4906:Ramesses IV
4853:Ramesses II
4815:Tutankhamun
4790:Thutmose IV
4770:Thutmose II
4760:Amenhotep I
4732:New Kingdom
4667:New Kingdom
4526:Senusret IV
4510:Dedumose II
4485:Nebiriau II
4480:Nebiryraw I
4475:Mentuhotepi
4280:Khakherewre
4207:Merkheperre
4117:Imyremeshaw
4100:Sedjefakare
4055:Sehetepibre
4030:Ameny Qemau
3964:Sobekneferu
3944:Senusret II
3929:Amenemhat I
3911:Iyibkhentre
3641:Neferirkare
3636:Neferkauhor
3443:Shepseskare
3284:Old Kingdom
3270:Khasekhemwy
3250:Neferkara I
3219:Weneg-Nebty
3064:Scorpion II
2737:358–340 BC
2329:(1): 8–26.
1643:17 December
1354:Sarcophagus
1236:New Kingdom
1175:Upper Egypt
1147:sent 1,000
1095: [
927:ناقاطانيباس
919:Naqatanibas
900:Nectanebo I
825:Nectanebo I
64:Predecessor
27:Nakhthorheb
6143:Diocletian
6097:Quintillus
6050:Aemilianus
6005:Gordian II
5977:Elagabalus
5798:Arsinoe IV
5681:Arsinoe II
5606:Darius III
5533:Psammuthes
5422:Psamtik II
5237:Bakenranef
5175:Pedubast I
5170:Takelot II
5165:Harsiese A
5147:Osorkon IV
5135:Shoshenq V
5115:Osorkon II
5088:Shoshenq I
5058:Smendes II
5038:Pinedjem I
4983:Amenemnisu
4936:Ramesses X
4911:Ramesses V
4863:Amenmesses
4843:Ramesses I
4805:Smenkhkare
4775:Hatshepsut
4765:Thutmose I
4515:Montuemsaf
4505:Dedumose I
4305:Nebdjefare
4295:Merdjefare
4065:Nedjemibre
4060:Sewadjkare
3934:Senusret I
3906:Qakare Ini
3727:Meryhathor
3631:Neferkaure
3626:Qakare Iby
3611:Neferkahor
3596:Neferkamin
3404:Thamphthis
3398:Shepseskaf
3312:Sekhemkhet
3163:Horus Bird
3040:Scorpion I
2632:M. Ostwald
2620:D.M. Lewis
2361:2024-03-01
2298:2024-03-07
2246:Christie's
1576:Lloyd 1994
1563:References
1526:Sebennytos
1481:Siwa Oasis
1477:Zeus Ammon
1372:Alexandria
1335:Alexandria
1252:Nile Delta
1240:Heliopolis
1209:Hermopolis
1143:Persians:
1129:Phoenician
1076:Tjebnutjer
1008:Nile Delta
911:Νεκτάνεβις
905:Nectanebis
880:Νεκτανεβός
874:Νεκτανεβώς
868:Nectanebos
797:Nectanebos
792:Νεκτανεβώς
595:Strong is
212:Nebty name
96:Horus name
6275:Ptolemaic
6083:Gallienus
5998:Gordian I
5961:Caracalla
5887:Vespasian
5881:Vitellius
5663:Ptolemaic
5505:Amyrtaeus
5487:Darius II
5432:Ahmose II
5412:Psamtik I
5351:uncertain
5339:Pharaohs
5275:Tanutamun
5110:Takelot I
5093:Osorkon I
5043:Masaharta
4993:Amenemope
4896:Setnakhte
4858:Merneptah
4800:Akhenaten
4717:uncertain
4599:Nebmaatre
4420:Sakir-Har
4373:Yaqub-Har
4285:Nebefawre
4035:Hotepibre
3901:Segerseni
3870:Intef III
3818:uncertain
3806:Pharaohs
3438:Neferefre
3264:Hudjefa I
3145:Semerkhet
2882:Hedju Hor
2844:uncertain
2832:Pharaohs
2713:0213-0181
2516:Al Beruni
2335:0017-3835
1749:522429289
1534:Al-Biruni
1530:narrative
1510:Ptolemaic
1400:cartouche
1366:In 1798,
1323:quartzite
1284:greywacke
1276:greywacke
1266:Portraits
1201:sanctuary
1194:siltstone
1072:Anhur-Shu
1035:Apis bull
988:Agesilaus
863:Nectanebo
745:c. 380 BC
736:Tjahapimu
116:Two Lands
74:Successor
6303:Category
6235:21 to 23
6153:Galerius
6148:Maximian
6137:Numerian
6104:Aurelian
6056:Valerian
6019:Balbinus
6012:Pupienus
5966:Macrinus
5938:Pertinax
5932:Commodus
5897:Domitian
5860:Claudius
5855:Caligula
5850:Tiberius
5845:Augustus
5465:Darius I
5417:Necho II
5260:Shebitku
5232:Tefnakht
4825:Horemheb
4755:Ahmose I
4567:Pantjeny
4553:Senebkay
4533:Pepi III
4495:Bebiankh
4352:Shenshek
4310:Nebsenre
4142:Sihathor
4112:Khendjer
4075:Renseneb
4020:Nerikare
3865:Intef II
3742:Merykare
3647:Wadjkare
3591:Merenhor
3486:Userkare
3393:Menkaure
3387:Bikheris
3376:Djedefre
3342:Qahedjet
3226:Wadjenes
3212:Horus Sa
3205:Nubnefer
3192:Nynetjer
3156:Sneferka
2896:Ni-Neith
2782:Pharaohs
2634:(eds.).
2518:(1910).
2502:43785964
2273:March 5,
2251:March 5,
2093:March 4,
1493:Olympias
1489:magician
1368:Napoleon
1333:head in
1318:khepresh
1248:Bubastis
1244:Athribis
1149:hoplites
992:Chabrias
975:machimoi
774:Egyptian
111:Merytawy
107:Mrj-tꜣwj
6130:Carinus
6111:Tacitus
6069:Quietus
5912:Hadrian
5596:Khabash
5427:Wahibre
5407:Necho I
5401:Nekauba
5389:Ammeris
5332:Dynasty
5270:Taharqa
5265:Shabaka
5202:Rudamun
5181:Iuput I
5026:Herihor
4978:Smendes
4878:Twosret
4868:Seti II
4712:female)
4697:Dynasty
4593:Rahotep
4490:Semenre
4460:Djehuti
4442:Khamudi
4431:Yanassi
4414:Salitis
4366:Yakareb
4359:Khamure
4290:Sehebre
4212:Merkare
3860:Intef I
3799:Dynasty
3708:Imhotep
3668:Iytjenu
3654:Khuiqer
3566:Menkare
3517:Neferka
3501:Pepi II
3423:Userkaf
3317:Sanakht
3140:Anedjib
3120:Hor-Aha
3053:Iry-Hor
3047:Shendjw
3019:Pen-Abu
2903:Hat-Hor
2825:Dynasty
2528:4384506
2475:5696112
2453:dragon.
1714:4523393
1479:at the
1427:At the
1415:Saqqara
1339:granite
1250:in the
1197:obelisk
1183:Khabash
1164:Ionians
1155:3,000.
1123:, Turin
1113:Ushabti
1063:diorite
1059:Sekhtam
1043:temples
1039:Memphis
984:Spartan
888:-Ḥr-Ḥbt
848:Memphis
819:of the
817:reliefs
808:of the
806:pharaoh
782:-Ḥr-Ḥbt
758:Dynasty
333:Smn-hpw
48:Pharaoh
6270:Argead
6117:Probus
6037:Decius
6032:Philip
5907:Trajan
5635:Argead
5544:Muthis
5497:XXVIII
5477:Xerxes
5345:female
5323:Period
5032:Piankh
5003:Siamun
4873:Siptah
4848:Seti I
4688:Period
4640:Kamose
4574:Snaaib
4544:Abydos
4400:Semqen
4393:Sharek
4345:Sheneh
4325:'Apepi
4320:Bebnum
4275:Nehesy
4095:Sebkay
4015:Sonbef
3812:female
3790:Period
3601:Nikare
3491:Pepi I
3428:Sahure
3381:Khafre
3366:Snefru
3335:Sedjes
3307:Djoser
3233:Senedj
3111:Narmer
3070:Narmer
2952:Wazner
2917:Hsekiu
2889:Ny-Hor
2838:female
2816:Period
2711:
2697:Gerión
2684:
2663:
2644:
2630:&
2574:
2549:
2526:
2500:
2473:
2424:
2383:
2333:
2182:
2142:
2059:
2034:
2009:
1949:
1923:
1874:
1840:
1747:
1737:
1712:
1681:
1634:
1522:Onuris
1349:Legacy
1331:basalt
1303:uraeus
1246:, and
1217:London
1192:Black
1171:satrap
1145:Thebes
1084:Abydos
1080:Buchis
1000:Mendes
963:Cyprus
951:Athens
923:Arabic
732:Father
605:Hathor
454:Onuris
6123:Carus
5902:Nerva
5892:Titus
5870:Galba
5837:XXXIV
5822:Roman
5601:Arses
5528:Hakor
5447:XXVII
5157:XXIII
4747:XVIII
4707:(male
4437:Apepi
4425:Khyan
4338:Wazad
4106:Wegaf
4040:Iufni
3894:Nubia
3702:Setut
3524:Nefer
3371:Khufu
3329:Khaba
3323:Nebka
3187:Nebra
3115:Menes
3074:Menes
3026:Stork
2989:Upper
2945:Neheb
2938:Thesh
2924:Khayu
2873:Lower
2498:JSTOR
1309:nakht
1297:nemes
1292:Horus
1205:Thoth
1179:Nubia
1153:Argos
1133:Sidon
1099:]
1047:Khnum
1014:Reign
947:Hakor
896:Hebyt
892:Horus
877:, or
829:cults
787:Greek
601:Hebit
597:Horus
577:Nomen
55:Reign
5956:Geta
5875:Otho
5865:Nero
5583:XXXI
5568:Teos
5515:XXIX
5380:XXVI
5365:Late
5342:male
5302:Late
5255:Piye
5224:XXIV
5130:Pami
5080:XXII
4669:and
4585:XVII
4331:Nuya
4000:XIII
3809:male
3771:and
3661:Khui
3558:VIII
3481:Teti
3463:Unas
3348:Huni
3150:Qa'a
3130:Djet
3125:Djer
3033:Bull
3012:Fish
2978:Wash
2959:Mekh
2835:male
2726:Teos
2709:ISSN
2682:ISBN
2661:ISBN
2642:ISBN
2572:ISBN
2547:ISBN
2524:OCLC
2471:OCLC
2422:ISBN
2381:ISBN
2331:ISSN
2275:2011
2253:2011
2180:ISBN
2140:ISBN
2095:2011
2057:ISBN
2032:ISBN
2007:ISBN
1947:ISBN
1921:ISBN
1872:ISBN
1838:ISBN
1745:OCLC
1735:ISBN
1710:OCLC
1679:ISBN
1645:2017
1632:ISBN
1518:Isis
1337:, a
1329:, a
1300:and
1274:The
1160:Libu
1151:and
1101:and
1067:naos
1055:Amun
970:Teos
858:Name
750:Died
742:Born
68:Teos
5555:XXX
5304:to
5247:XXV
4970:XXI
4835:XIX
4452:XVI
4232:XIV
4080:Hor
3921:XII
3554:VII
3299:III
3135:Den
2931:Tiu
2797:to
2701:doi
2607:doi
2447:BnF
2176:182
1899:211
1536:'s
1475:of
1421:Kmt
1313:heb
1203:of
1070:to
1057:at
1051:Abu
1049:in
1037:in
929:).
914:).
894:of
886:Nḫt
780:Nḫt
599:of
6305::
6265:31
6260:30
6255:27
6250:26
6245:25
6240:24
6230:20
6225:19
6220:18
6215:12
6210:11
4888:XX
4820:Ay
4384:XV
3847:XI
3679:IX
3473:VI
3358:IV
3198:Ba
3174:II
3113:/
3072:/
3058:Ka
2910:Pu
2707:.
2626:;
2622:;
2601:.
2494:22
2492:.
2444:.
2354:.
2343:^
2327:49
2325:.
2321:.
2307:^
2291:.
2244:.
2233:^
2206:^
2178:.
2126:^
2103:^
2071:^
1981:^
1907:^
1852:^
1743:.
1708:.
1706:19
1653:^
1505:.
1390:.
1242:,
1215:,
1166:.
1119:.
1097:ca
978:.
925::
789::
785:;
776::
450:Ra
6205:4
6201:3
6198:2
6194:1
3719:X
3556:/
3415:V
3103:I
2998:A
2966:A
2774:e
2767:t
2760:v
2715:.
2703::
2690:.
2669:.
2650:.
2613:.
2609::
2603:3
2580:.
2555:.
2530:.
2504:.
2477:.
2430:.
2389:.
2364:.
2337:.
2301:.
2277:.
2255:.
2188:.
2148:.
2097:.
2065:.
2040:.
2015:.
1955:.
1929:.
1901:.
1880:.
1846:.
1751:.
1716:.
1687:.
1305:.
1219:.
921:(
908:(
871:(
772:(
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