400:
would become the
Cambrian explosion of the information society. The nerd must serve as comic relief for the future-anxieties of Western society. ...The germ cell of burgeoning nerdism is difference. The yearning to be understood, to find opportunities to share experiences, to not be left alone with one's bizarre interest. At the same time one derives an almost perverse pleasure from wallowing in this deficit. Nerds love deficiency: that of the other, but also their own. Nerds are eager explorers, who enjoy measuring themselves against one another and also compete aggressively. And yet the nerd's existence also comprises an element of the occult, of mystery. The way in which this power is expressed or focused is very important.
453:, was less receptive to the movie, believing it to be hopelessly idealistic, explaining that Toby, an adult low income file clerk, had nothing in common with the middle class kids in the film who would eventually attain college degrees, success, and cease being perceived as nerds. Many, however, seem to share Radloff's view, as "nerd pride" has become more widespread in the years since.
492:
However, research findings suggest that bullies are often as socially inept as their academically better-performing victims, and that popularity fails to confer protection from bullying. Other commentators have pointed out that pervasive harassment of intellectually-oriented youth began only in the mid-twentieth century.
378:
works, are now international popular culture hits. Some measures of nerdiness are now allegedly considered desirable, as, to some, it suggests a person who is intelligent, respectful, interesting, and able to earn a large salary. Stereotypical nerd qualities are evolving, going from awkwardness and
399:
I think that the figure of the nerd provides a beautiful template for analyzing the transformation of the disciplinary society into the control society. The nerd, in his cliche form, first stepped out upon the world stage in the mid-1970s, when we were beginning to hear the first rumblings of what
220:
Because of the nerd stereotype, many intelligent people are often thought of as nerdy. This belief can be harmful, as it can cause high-school students to "switch off their lights" out of fear of being branded as a nerd, and cause otherwise appealing people to be considered nerdy simply for their
491:
due to a range of reasons that may include physical appearance or social background. Paul Graham has suggested that the reason nerds are frequently singled out for bullying is their indifference to popularity or social context, in the face of a youth culture that views popularity as paramount.
465:
My idea is to present an image to children that it is good to be intellectual, and not to care about the peer pressures to be anti-intellectual. I want every child to turn into a nerd – where that means someone who prefers studying and learning to competing for social dominance, which can
225:
stated in his essay, "Why Nerds are
Unpopular", that intellect is neutral, meaning that you are neither loved nor despised for it. He also states that it is only the correlation that makes smart teens automatically seem nerdy, and that a nerd is someone that is not socially adept enough.
253:
worn high at the waist. Following suit of popular use in emoticons, Unicode released in 2015 its "Nerd Face" character, featuring some of those stereotypes: 🤓 (code point U+1F913). In the media, many nerds are males, portrayed as being physically unfit, either
426:
worked to embody the nerd stereotype; in doing so, he helped create a definitive image of nerds. Additionally, the storyline presaged, and may have helped inspire, the "nerd pride" that emerged in the late 1990s.
46:. Such a person may spend inordinate amounts of time on unpopular, little known, or non-mainstream activities, which are generally either highly technical, abstract, or relating to niche topics such as
286:, nerds have been seen in all races and colors as well as more recently being a frequent young East Asian or Indian male stereotype in North America. Portrayal of "nerd girls", in films such as
137:. By the early 1960s, usage of the term had spread throughout the United States, and even as far as Scotland. At some point, the word took on connotations of bookishness and social ineptitude.
366:
industry at large has allowed many so-called "nerdy people" to accumulate large fortunes and influence media culture. Many stereotypically nerdy interests, such as
1386:
1301:
226:
Additionally, he says that the reason why many smart kids are unpopular is that they "don't have time for the activities required for popularity."
1560:
885:
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705:
online. Third edition, September 2003; online version
September 2011. First included in Oxford English Dictionary second edition, 1989.
1434:
570:) and Supernova, are incredibly popular events among the culture of people who identify themselves as nerds. In 2016, Oz Comic-Con in
2699:
809:
American
Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Third Edition, p. 1212, Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston – New York – London, 1992.
1461:
1278:
1360:
1200:
534:
quote "Be nice to nerds. You may end up working for them." has been popularized on the
Internet and incorrectly attributed to
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1805:
1149:
454:
175:
574:
saw almost 20,000 cosplayers and comic book fans meet to celebrate the event, hence being named a "professionally organised
2600:
745:
DA Kinney (1993). "From nerds to normals: The recovery of identity among adolescents from middle school to high school".
152:
claimed to have coined the "nurd" spelling in 1973, but its first recorded use appeared in a 1965 student publication at
918:
178:(MIT) by the year 1965. The term "nurd" was also in use at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as early as 1971.
2719:
1849:
1471:
980:
644:
222:
1890:
865:
153:
2679:
1698:
1646:
788:
Tracy L. Cross (2005). "Nerds and Geeks: Society's
Evolving Stereotypes of Our Students With Gifts and Talents".
1696:
Kendall, Lori (1999). "'The Nerd Within': Mass Media and the
Negotiation of Identity Among Computer-Using Men".
2585:
2549:
342:
Some of the stereotypical behaviors associated with the "nerd" stereotype have correlations with the traits of
1139:
2669:
2326:
2013:
1586:
39:
1302:"Revenge of the nerd: American Splendor's Toby Radloff is out and proud about his sexuality and his nerddom"
54:, to the exclusion of more mainstream activities. Additionally, many so-called nerds are described as being
2090:
1412:
1309:
689:
339:, as discussed in Ron Eglash's essay "Race, Sex, and Nerds: From Black Geeks to Asian American Hipsters".
1185:
846:
183:
1855:
1612:
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depicts that smart but nerdy women might suffer later in life if they do not focus on improving their
2724:
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2247:
1564:
882:
702:
1514:
294:
267:
1253:"The story of Traceroute, about a Leitnerd's quest: Johannes Grenzfurthner talks about Traceroute"
103:(1950), in which the narrator Gerald McGrew claims that he would collect "a Nerkle, a Nerd, and a
549:, another somewhat nerdy holiday. The date was picked as it is the anniversary of the release of
305:
288:
67:
59:
1756:——— (2000). "'Oh No! I'm a Nerd!': Hegemonic Masculinity on an Online Forum".
943:
383:
to an allegedly more widespread acceptance and sometimes even celebration of their differences.
221:
intellect. It was once thought that intellectuals were nerdy because they were envied. However,
170:
spelled backwards), which was used to describe people who studied rather than partied. The term
2321:
2083:
2060:
1974:
1951:
1930:
1016:
Fantle, David; Johnson, Tom (November 2003), ""Nerd" is the Word: Henry
Winkler, August 1981",
386:
2689:
2684:
2544:
1537:
613:
35:
20:
2714:
2704:
2556:
2376:
2311:
1883:
1675:
1438:
619:
418:
272:
8:
2504:
2336:
970:(D.J. Albers, J.L. Alexanderson and C. Reid), p. 105 (1990). Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich.
567:
1286:
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2463:
2262:
1860:
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1715:
1488:
1337:
1111:
878:
770:
669:
473:
1727:——— (1999). "Nerd Nation: Images of Nerds in U.S. Popular Culture".
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2568:
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1719:
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were perceived as least likely to be nerds. These stereotypes stem from concepts of
2563:
2532:
1765:
1736:
1707:
1661:
1135:
990:, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, p. 6, 3 February 1971, archived from
823:
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551:
502:
423:
380:
99:
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due to lack of physical exercise. It has been suggested by some, such as linguist
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2124:
2097:
1876:
889:
723:
718:
649:
438:
375:
347:
320:
316:
78:
47:
1647:"'Why be normal?': Language and identity practices in a community of nerd girls"
1226:
1171:
Eglash, R. 'Race, Sex, And Nerds: FROM BLACK GEEKS TO ASIAN AMERICAN HIPSTERS'.
2638:
2524:
2306:
2277:
2160:
2145:
2113:
1920:
1786:
She's Such a Geek: Women Write About
Science, Technology, and Other Nerdy Stuff
1769:
1740:
542:
517:
458:
359:
282:
157:
149:
125:
77:, the term "nerd" was a stereotype, but as with other pejoratives, it has been
1666:
1070:
Lori
Kendall. "OH NO! I'M A NERD!": Hegemonic Masculinity on an Online Forum.
2658:
2284:
1642:
766:
598:
531:
437:
claims this was the movie that inspired him to become "The Genuine Nerd from
263:
238:
43:
2388:
2353:
2267:
2165:
2103:
1969:
1956:
1925:
582:
450:
434:
242:
191:" (meaning "stupid or crazy person"), which is in itself an alteration of "
31:
991:
597:) call themselves "nerdfighters" and refer to the fan base as a whole as "
2633:
2628:
2455:
2415:
2204:
2019:
2007:
1935:
1711:
1256:
1032:
931:
Current Slang: A Quarterly Glossary of Slang Expressions Currently In Use
407:
336:
332:
277:
119:
1686:
841:
276:
movie franchise (with multicultural nerds), and the introduction of the
259:
2499:
2214:
2077:
1991:
1961:
1845:
1054:
774:
594:
590:
559:
535:
266:, that being a nerd may be a state of being "hyperwhite" and rejecting
255:
230:
203:
104:
74:
1842:" (Paper by Jason Tocci presented at the MIT5 conference. PDF, 180kb).
2623:
2425:
2397:
2316:
2257:
1979:
818:
575:
546:
512:
367:
94:
2176:
758:
389:, researcher, self-proclaimed nerd and director of nerd documentary
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134:
113:
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563:
527:
371:
234:
55:
51:
1840:
The Well-Dressed Geek: Media Appropriation and Subcultural Style
148:, also began to appear in the mid-1960s, or early 1970s. Author
2382:
2224:
2219:
1899:
664:
634:
624:
487:
Individuals who are labeled as "nerds" are often the target of
199:
63:
827:, p. 47, Random House Books for Young Readers. New York, 1950.
520:, prominently features and celebrates aspects of nerd culture.
466:
unfortunately cause the downward spiral into social rejection.
198:
The term was popularized in the 1970s by its heavy use in the
2445:
2229:
2199:
2072:
1986:
1822:
659:
571:
270:
and slang that "cool" white children use. However, after the
166:
108:
81:
and redefined by some as a term of pride and group identity.
2514:
2184:
1387:"Becoming More Popular Doesn't Protect Teens From Bullying"
639:
246:
1868:
1133:
545:
has been observed on May 25 since 2006, the same day as
313:
Journal of International and Intercultural Communication
1558:
805:
803:
405:
Johannes Grenzfurthner, interviewed by Thomas Kaestle,
395:, reflects on the emergence of nerds and nerd culture:
1852:
about the conformist society in American high schools.
1141:
Sugar, spice, and everything nice: cinemas of girlhood
319:
are perceived as most likely to be nerds, followed by
117:
magazine reported on its popular use as a synonym for
1680:
Mad, Bad And Dangerous?: The Scientist and the Cinema
1587:"Fantasy fans to flock Perth Oz Comic-Con spectacle"
1508:
800:
692:, "Dictionary.com, LLC" 2011, accessed May 13, 2011.
311:
In the United States, a 2010 study published in the
1361:"Bully or Victim? More Similar Than We Might Think"
1793:
1486:
229:Stereotypical nerd appearance, often lampooned in
1432:
1227:"Triumph of the Nerds: A History of the Computer"
2656:
1487:Mikkelson, Barbara; Mikkelson, David P. (2000).
558:Australian events such as Oz Comic-Con (a large
461:, for example, seeks to instill pride in nerds:
1186:"High-Functioning Autism vs. Asperger Syndrome"
1104:
942:Personal Correspondence (1973-9-4) reported on
877:Gregory J. Marsh in Special Collections at the
187:, the word is an alteration of the 1940s term "
1535:
1279:"Carradine hits the jackpot as Lewis Skolnick"
1018:Reel to Real: 25 Years of Celebrity Interviews
787:
111:meaning of the term dates to 1951. That year,
1884:
1692:– Feature-length documentary on Toby Radloff.
1015:
1384:
89:The first documented appearance of the word
1552:
1466:. Cambridge University Press. p. 227.
1891:
1877:
1365:Scientific American (Supplemental Podcast)
981:"Johnson honors Nurd for saving Institute"
530:"News for nerds. Stuff that matters." The
160:there holds that the word is derived from
1729:International Journal of Cultural Studies
1665:
1529:
1502:
1413:"A Short Illustrated History of the Nerd"
1358:
1175:20.2 71 (2002): 49–64. Web. 11 Dec. 2015.
1024:
933:(1971). Vol. V, No. 4, Spring 1971, p. 17
744:
713:
711:
174:(spelled with the "g") was in use at the
1674:
1641:
1459:
1030:
835:
833:
471:Gerald Sussman, quoted by Katie Hafner,
1826:] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Ohta Verlag
1755:
1726:
1695:
1559:Helmenstine, Anne Marie (25 May 2012).
1489:"Some Rules Kids Won't Learn in School"
1391:NPR Health Shots – Health News From NPR
1299:
1250:
2657:
1791:
1330:
1276:
1199:Woyke, Elizabeth (19 September 2008).
708:
690:"Nerd | Define Nerd at Dictionary.com"
2344:Organization for Transformative Works
1872:
1814:
1796:American Nerd: The Story of My People
1198:
1066:
1064:
1048:
1046:
1020:, Badger Books Inc., pp. 239–242
830:
495:
176:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
1509:Tassara-Twigg, Noemi (24 May 2010).
1359:Nicholson, Christie (10 July 2010).
1300:Hensley, Dennis (2 September 2003).
1224:
988:The Daily Reamer, Volume 69, No. 20
280:character on the television series
13:
1784:Newitz, A. & Anders, C. (Eds)
1635:
1463:The Cambridge Companion to Hip-Hop
1333:"Woman, Computer Nerd – and Proud"
1087:Ron Eglash. Race, Sex, and Nerds.
1061:
1052:
1043:
839:
14:
2736:
1832:
1410:
1251:Kaestle, Thomas (14 April 2016).
2700:Epithets related to nerd culture
1331:Hafner, Katie (29 August 1993).
1144:. Wayne State University Press.
1105:Benjamin Nugent (29 July 2007).
1031:Anderegg, Mr (12 January 2008).
154:Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
107:too" for his imaginary zoo. The
93:is as the name of a creature in
1858:, an article by Brian Hayes in
1605:
1579:
1511:"Celebrate Geek Pride Day 2010"
1480:
1453:
1426:
1404:
1378:
1352:
1324:
1293:
1270:
1244:
1218:
1192:
1178:
1165:
1127:
1098:
1081:
1009:
973:
961:
948:
936:
924:
908:
895:
871:
1536:Price, Matthew (25 May 2010).
1277:Singer, Jon (28 August 2005).
854:
812:
781:
738:
695:
683:
1:
2327:Live action role-playing game
1385:Mannvi Singh (1 April 2014).
892:(1990-6-28) Vol. 4, No. 0235.
866:'Jelly Tot, Square Bear-Man!'
676:
215:
1699:The Journal of Men's Studies
1538:"Happy Geek/Nerd Pride Day!"
1460:Williams, Justin A. (2015).
84:
7:
1898:
1563:. About.com. Archived from
1231:Public Broadcasting Service
847:Online Etymology Dictionary
605:
482:
184:Online Etymology Dictionary
30:is a person seen as overly
10:
2741:
2156:Celebrity worship syndrome
1770:10.1177/089124300014002003
1741:10.1177/136787799900200206
1201:"Celebrity Nerds Come Out"
915:The many spellings of Nurd
210:
140:An alternate spelling, as
18:
2616:
2523:
2362:
2248:Amateur press association
2238:
2138:
2000:
1944:
1913:
1906:
1846:"Why Nerds are Unpopular"
1792:Nugent, Benjamin (2008).
1667:10.1017/s0047404599002043
1055:"Why Nerds are Unpopular"
883:Humanist Discussion Group
703:Oxford English Dictionary
233:, can include very large
2720:Social class subcultures
2606:by date of establishment
1613:"A Note on Nerdfighters"
968:More Mathematical People
353:
295:Welcome to the Dollhouse
268:African-American culture
1865:September–October 2000.
1561:"Happy Geek Pride Day!"
1433:Thanks Always Returns.
1107:"Who's a Nerd, Anyway?"
881:library as reported in
566:convention, similar to
510:, a parody of the song
306:physical attractiveness
2680:English-language slang
2591:Professional wrestling
2322:Historical reenactment
2014:A Song of Ice and Fire
1975:Disneyland social club
1952:Anime and manga fandom
1931:Science fiction fandom
1815:Okada, Toshio (1996),
1800:. New York: Scribner.
1134:Gateward, Frances K.;
790:Social/Emotional Needs
747:Sociology of Education
480:
414:
387:Johannes Grenzfurthner
1676:Frayling, Christopher
1435:"The origin of nerds"
917:, Fall 1970 (revised
819:Geisel, Theodor Seuss
614:Angry Video Game Nerd
463:
445:film, Toby's friend,
397:
21:Nerd (disambiguation)
2670:Anti-intellectualism
2377:Autograph collecting
1856:"The Nerds Have Won"
1758:Gender & Society
1712:10.3149/jms.0703.353
1033:"In Praise of Nerds"
719:"Definition of NERD"
620:Anti intellectualism
419:Revenge of the Nerds
289:She's Out of Control
273:Revenge of the Nerds
19:For other uses, see
2505:Real person fiction
2337:Harley Owners Group
2001:Production-specific
1788:. Seal Press, 2006.
1654:Language in Society
1441:on 7 September 2017
1312:on 17 November 2007
901:Glasgow, Scotland,
568:San Diego Comic-Con
508:"Weird Al" Yankovic
2644:Shipping discourse
1861:American Scientist
1338:The New York Times
1289:on 1 January 2016.
1225:Cringely, Robert.
1188:. 15 October 2013.
1112:The New York Times
997:on 22 October 2020
888:2008-01-31 at the
879:Swarthmore College
868:(1951-10-8), p. 28
670:Video game culture
496:In popular culture
474:The New York Times
323:, while non-White
2675:Computing culture
2652:
2651:
2372:Anime music video
2134:
2133:
1817:Otaku Gaku Nyumon
1807:978-0-7432-8801-9
1682:. Reaktion Books.
1151:978-0-8143-2918-4
840:Harper, Douglas.
589:channel starring
503:White & Nerdy
447:American Splendor
443:American Splendor
430:American Splendor
416:In the 1984 film
362:and the American
344:Asperger syndrome
329:African Americans
2732:
2725:1950s neologisms
2710:Stock characters
2695:Internet culture
2665:Academic culture
1911:
1910:
1893:
1886:
1879:
1870:
1869:
1827:
1821:Introduction to
1811:
1799:
1781:
1752:
1723:
1683:
1671:
1669:
1651:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1609:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1598:
1583:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1567:on 21 April 2014
1556:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1533:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1517:on 21 April 2014
1513:. Archived from
1506:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1437:. Archived from
1430:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1328:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1308:. Archived from
1297:
1291:
1290:
1285:. Archived from
1274:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1196:
1190:
1189:
1182:
1176:
1169:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1136:Murray Pomerance
1131:
1125:
1124:
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1120:
1102:
1096:
1085:
1079:
1068:
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1058:
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1002:
996:
985:
977:
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965:
959:
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940:
934:
928:
922:
912:
906:
899:
893:
875:
869:
858:
852:
851:
837:
828:
824:If I Ran the Zoo
816:
810:
807:
798:
797:
785:
779:
778:
742:
736:
735:
734:
732:
715:
706:
699:
693:
687:
532:Charles J. Sykes
478:
477:, 29 August 1993
424:Robert Carradine
412:
381:social ostracism
100:If I Ran the Zoo
16:Descriptive term
2740:
2739:
2735:
2734:
2733:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2655:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2612:
2596:Science fiction
2519:
2441:Fan translation
2364:
2358:
2332:Motorcycle club
2290:Supercar Season
2240:
2234:
2130:
2084:Sherlock Holmes
1996:
1945:Medium-specific
1940:
1902:
1897:
1835:
1808:
1649:
1638:
1636:Further reading
1633:
1632:
1622:
1620:
1619:. 13 March 2013
1611:
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1431:
1427:
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925:
913:
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900:
896:
890:Wayback Machine
876:
872:
859:
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838:
831:
817:
813:
808:
801:
786:
782:
759:10.2307/2112783
743:
739:
730:
728:
724:Merriam-Webster
717:
716:
709:
700:
696:
688:
684:
679:
674:
650:Intellectualism
608:
498:
485:
479:
470:
439:Cleveland, Ohio
413:
411:, 14 April 2016
404:
376:science fiction
356:
348:autism spectrum
321:White Americans
317:Asian Americans
315:indicated that
218:
213:
87:
48:science fiction
24:
17:
12:
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2738:
2728:
2727:
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2667:
2650:
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2647:
2646:
2641:
2639:Odagiri effect
2636:
2631:
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2620:
2618:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2609:
2608:
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2561:
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2518:
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2512:
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2366:
2365:and activities
2360:
2359:
2357:
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2346:
2341:
2340:
2339:
2329:
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2319:
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2309:
2307:Fan convention
2304:
2299:
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2287:
2282:
2281:
2280:
2278:Kustom Kulture
2270:
2265:
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2242:
2236:
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2233:
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2227:
2222:
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2207:
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2197:
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2187:
2182:
2181:
2180:
2168:
2163:
2161:Cult following
2158:
2153:
2148:
2142:
2140:
2136:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2129:
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2121:
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2080:
2075:
2070:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2041:
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2027:
2022:
2017:
2010:
2004:
2002:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1983:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1966:Disney fandom
1964:
1959:
1954:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1921:Fantasy fandom
1917:
1915:
1908:
1904:
1903:
1896:
1895:
1888:
1881:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1853:
1848:, an essay by
1843:
1834:
1833:External links
1831:
1830:
1829:
1812:
1806:
1789:
1782:
1753:
1724:
1693:
1684:
1672:
1643:Bucholtz, Mary
1637:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1617:The New Yorker
1604:
1593:. 1 April 2016
1578:
1551:
1528:
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1403:
1377:
1351:
1323:
1292:
1269:
1243:
1217:
1191:
1177:
1164:
1150:
1126:
1097:
1080:
1072:Gender Society
1060:
1053:Graham, Paul.
1042:
1023:
1008:
972:
960:
958:(1965), V14 #1
947:
935:
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637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
609:
607:
604:
603:
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579:
556:
543:Nerd Pride Day
539:
521:
518:Chamillionaire
497:
494:
484:
481:
468:
459:Gerald Sussman
402:
360:Silicon Valley
355:
352:
301:She's All That
283:Family Matters
217:
214:
212:
209:
158:Oral tradition
150:Philip K. Dick
86:
83:
15:
9:
6:
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2286:
2285:Lowrider Club
2283:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2255:
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2251:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2239:Organizations
2237:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
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2196:
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2046:
2042:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2003:
1999:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1970:Disney adults
1968:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1937:
1934:
1932:
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1927:
1924:
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1918:
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1775:
1771:
1767:
1764:(2): 256–74.
1763:
1759:
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1735:(2): 260–83.
1734:
1730:
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1709:
1706:(3): 353–69.
1705:
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1660:(2): 203–23.
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1078:: 256. (2000)
1077:
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1038:
1037:The Economist
1034:
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905:(1957-02-10).
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631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
615:
611:
610:
600:
599:Nerdfighteria
596:
592:
588:
584:
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577:
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569:
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307:
303:
302:
297:
296:
291:
290:
285:
284:
279:
275:
274:
269:
265:
264:Mary Bucholtz
261:
257:
252:
248:
244:
240:
239:dental braces
236:
232:
227:
224:
208:
206:
205:
201:
196:
195:" (nutcase).
194:
190:
186:
185:
181:According to
179:
177:
173:
169:
168:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
138:
136:
132:
128:
127:
122:
121:
116:
115:
110:
106:
102:
101:
96:
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76:
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69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
44:social skills
42:, or lacking
41:
37:
33:
29:
22:
2690:Intelligence
2685:Nerd culture
2557:
2456:
2396:
2389:
2381:
2363:Publications
2354:Stan Twitter
2312:Fandom names
2268:Import scene
2194:
2175:
2139:Demographics
2123:
2096:
2089:
2082:
2065:
2043:
2036:
2029:
2012:
1957:Bibliophilia
1926:Furry fandom
1859:
1820:
1816:
1795:
1785:
1761:
1757:
1732:
1728:
1703:
1697:
1688:Genuine Nerd
1687:
1679:
1657:
1653:
1623:20 September
1621:. Retrieved
1616:
1607:
1595:. Retrieved
1590:
1581:
1569:. Retrieved
1565:the original
1554:
1542:. Retrieved
1540:. NewsOK.com
1531:
1519:. Retrieved
1515:the original
1504:
1492:. Retrieved
1482:
1462:
1455:
1443:. Retrieved
1439:the original
1428:
1416:. Retrieved
1406:
1394:. Retrieved
1390:
1380:
1368:. Retrieved
1364:
1354:
1342:. Retrieved
1336:
1326:
1314:. Retrieved
1310:the original
1306:The Advocate
1305:
1295:
1287:the original
1282:
1272:
1260:. Retrieved
1246:
1234:. Retrieved
1230:
1220:
1208:. Retrieved
1204:
1194:
1180:
1172:
1167:
1155:. Retrieved
1140:
1129:
1117:. Retrieved
1110:
1100:
1092:
1088:
1083:
1075:
1071:
1036:
1026:
1017:
1011:
999:, retrieved
992:the original
987:
975:
967:
963:
955:
950:
938:
930:
926:
914:
910:
902:
897:
873:
860:
856:
845:
822:
814:
793:
789:
783:
753:(1): 21–40.
750:
746:
740:
729:, retrieved
722:
697:
685:
612:
583:Vlogbrothers
581:Fans of the
550:
511:
501:
486:
472:
464:
451:Harvey Pekar
446:
442:
435:Toby Radloff
428:
417:
415:
406:
398:
390:
385:
358:The rise of
357:
350:conditions.
341:
312:
310:
299:
293:
287:
281:
271:
228:
219:
202:
197:
188:
182:
180:
171:
165:
161:
145:
141:
139:
124:
118:
112:
98:
90:
88:
72:
68:unattractive
32:intellectual
27:
25:
2715:Subcultures
2705:Stereotypes
2634:Fan service
2629:Fan loyalty
2525:Conventions
2416:Fan fiction
2273:Hot rodding
2020:Beatlemania
1936:Yaoi fandom
1850:Paul Graham
1411:Evans, RJ.
1257:Boing Boing
1173:Social Text
1089:Social Text
903:Sunday Mail
731:23 November
578:for geeks".
408:Boing Boing
337:Primitivism
333:Orientalism
278:Steve Urkel
231:caricatures
223:Paul Graham
73:Originally
40:introverted
2659:Categories
2586:Multigenre
2545:Comic book
2500:Filk music
2241:and events
2078:Parrothead
2061:Moonwalker
2045:James Bond
2038:EarthBound
2031:Doctor Who
1992:Sports fan
1962:Cinephilia
1823:Otakuology
677:References
595:Hank Green
560:comic book
541:In Spain,
536:Bill Gates
457:professor
441:." In the
392:Traceroute
256:overweight
243:buck teeth
216:Stereotype
204:Happy Days
105:Seersucker
75:derogatory
2624:Autograph
2558:Doujinshi
2426:Fan labor
2398:Doujinshi
2317:Game club
2258:Boy racer
2091:Star Wars
1980:Donaldism
1778:145705135
1749:146186669
1720:144398035
1262:1 January
1095:49 (2002)
767:0038-0407
701:nerd, n.
576:Woodstock
552:Star Wars
547:Towel Day
526:uses the
368:superhero
346:or other
325:Hispanics
245:, severe
95:Dr. Seuss
85:Etymology
79:reclaimed
36:obsessive
2490:Fanspeak
2476:Fan wiki
2451:Fan game
2436:Fan rice
2431:Fan mail
2421:Fan film
2411:Fan edit
2302:Fan club
2263:Cruising
2253:Car club
2151:Anti-fan
2125:Twilight
2098:Stargate
2067:MLP: FIM
2025:Deadhead
1678:(2005).
1645:(1999).
1591:ABC News
1571:20 April
1544:20 April
1521:20 April
1138:(2002).
1114:Magazine
956:Bachelor
886:Archived
862:Newsweek
655:Nerdcore
606:See also
524:Slashdot
489:bullying
483:Bullying
469:—
433:regular
403:—
364:computer
135:Michigan
114:Newsweek
97:'s book
64:pedantic
2510:Vidding
2495:Fanzine
2471:Fansite
2406:Fan art
2349:Railfan
2297:Cosplay
2210:Shipper
2205:Sasaeng
2190:Groupie
2119:Trekkie
2114:Tolkien
2109:Swiftie
2056:Juggalo
2051:Janeite
1907:By type
1900:Fandoms
1494:22 July
1344:11 June
1316:22 July
1236:26 June
1210:26 June
1157:23 July
1119:28 July
944:the web
775:2112783
645:Hipster
630:Egghead
587:YouTube
564:cosplay
528:tagline
449:author
372:fantasy
235:glasses
211:Culture
156:(RPI).
131:Detroit
52:fantasy
2617:Topics
2581:Horror
2569:Gaming
2457:Doujin
2390:Doujin
2383:Doujin
2225:Ultras
2220:Tifosi
2177:Kemonā
2146:Anorak
1804:
1776:
1747:
1718:
1690:(2006)
1597:16 May
1470:
1445:6 July
1418:6 July
1396:6 July
1370:6 July
1283:Lumino
1205:Forbes
1148:
1001:14 May
919:online
842:"nerd"
773:
765:
727:, 2011
665:Preppy
635:Fandom
625:Chigyu
513:Ridin'
260:skinny
200:sitcom
126:square
66:, and
60:quirky
2564:Furry
2533:Anime
2446:Fanac
2392:music
2230:Waifu
2200:Otaku
2171:Furry
2104:Shrek
2073:MST3K
1987:Gamer
1914:Genre
1819:[
1774:S2CID
1745:S2CID
1716:S2CID
1650:(PDF)
995:(PDF)
984:(PDF)
921:2015)
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