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an extreme bend at the knees, and (3) an elongated posture with a straight neck. Differences in posture exhibited in this study could be a result of the athletic bearing of the participants or the type of exercise, or both, and the amount of exercise regularly performed. Other differences may also stem from past physical injuries such as bone breaks and knee or shoulder injuries, and from gender differences such as center of gravity. No single crew member exhibited the typical NBP called out in the MSIS standard.
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found greater individual variations between crew members' neutral body positions than originally suggested by the earlier Skylab study. In general, three main postures were exhibited by the crew as a whole. These constituted (1) an almost standing posture, (2) a slightly pitched forward posture with
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The neutral body posture occurs during a state of weightlessness and minimizes the body's need to support itself against the pull of gravity. This offloads musculoskeletal stress and reduces pressure on the diaphragm and spine. Neutral body posture supports the natural curvature of the spine. A
63:. Still photographs taken on Skylab of crew members showed that in microgravity, the body assumed a distinguishable posture with the arms raised, the shoulder abducted, the knees flexed with noticeable hip flexion, and the foot plantar flexed.
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that is not experiencing mechanical stress will curve inward at the neck (cervical region), outward at the upper back (thoracic region), and inward at the lower back (lumbar region).
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NASA standards for the neutral body position have informed seat design for commercial vehicle manufacturers. In 2005, engineers and scientists at
172:, K. S. Young, C. R. Reid, PhD, S. Rajulu, PhD, Lockheed Martin, NASA Johnson Space Center (2014). (PDF). Universities Space Research Association
59:, which included a definition of an average typical NBP created from measurements of crew members in the microgravity environment onboard
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47:. Adopting any other posture while floating requires muscular effort. In the 1980s, NASA developed the
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used NBP research in the development of driver's seats in their new vehicles.
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Neutral body postures for six crew members from Space
Shuttle mission STS-57
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Frances E. Mount, Mihriban
Whitmore and Sheryl L. Stealey (February 2003).
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Later work by NASA based on research aboard Space
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212:“Understanding Neutral Spine Position and the Core Muscles”
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Posture the human body naturally assumes in microgravity
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An averaged neutral body position as defined in MSIS
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