990:, to describe the range of groups that appeared in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s. This term, amongst others, was adopted by Western scholars as an alternative to "cult". However, "new religious movements" has failed to gain widespread public usage in the manner that "cult" has. Other terms that have been employed for many NRMs are "alternative religion" and "alternative spirituality", something used to convey the difference between these groups and established or mainstream religious movements while at the same time evading the problem posed by groups that are not particularly new.
145:
45:
842:
1214:), criticizes the print media for failing to recognize social-scientific efforts in the area of new religious movements, and its tendency to use popular or anti-cultist definitions rather than social-scientific insight, and asserts that "The failure of the print media to recognize social-scientific efforts in the area of religious movement organizations impels us to add yet another failing mark to the media report card Weiss (1985) has constructed to assess the media's reporting of the social sciences."
612:
406:
813:. Among the disciplines that NRS utilises are anthropology, history, psychology, religious studies, and sociology. Of these approaches, sociology played a particularly prominent role in the development of the field, resulting in it being initially confined largely to a narrow array of sociological questions. This came to change in later scholarship, which began to apply theories and methods initially developed for examining more mainstream religions to the study of new ones.
11325:
11335:
479:
677:, NRMs most often appeal to the poor and oppressed sectors of society. Within Western countries, they are more likely to appeal to members of the middle and upper-middle classes, with Barrett stating that new religions in the UK and US largely attract "white, middle-class late teens and twenties". There are exceptions, such as the Rastafari movement and the Nation of Islam, which have primarily attracted Black members.
92:. Some NRMs deal with the challenges that the modernizing world poses to them by embracing individualism, while other NRMs deal with them by embracing tightly knit collective means. Scholars have estimated that NRMs number in the tens of thousands worldwide. Most NRMs only have a few members, some of them have thousands of members, and a few of them have more than a million members.
854:
in the West that is almost always a form of
Christianity), to be not just different, but unacceptably different." Barker cautioned against Melton's approach, arguing that negating the "newness" of "new religious movements" raises problems, for it is "the very fact that NRMs are new that explains many of the key characteristics they display".
1203:. In the twentieth century, concern for the rights and feelings of religious minorities led authors to most often invent fictional cults for their villains to be members of. Fictional cults continue to be popular in film, television, and gaming in the same way, while some popular works treat new religious movements in a serious manner.
798:. Barker noted that there are five sources of information on NRMs: the information provided by such groups themselves, that provided by ex-members as well as the friends and relatives of members, organisations that collect information on NRMs, the mainstream media, and academics studying such phenomena.
756:
Three basic questions have been paramount in orienting theory and research on NRMs: what are the identifying markers of NRMs that distinguish them from other types of religious groups?; what are the different types of NRMs and how do these different types relate to the established institutional order
701:
Those who convert to a NRM typically believe that in doing so they are gaining some benefit in their life. This can come in many forms, from an increasing sense of freedom to a release from drug dependency, and a feeling of self-respect and direction. Many of those who have left NRMs report that they
1017:
argued that the term "cult" had become too laden with negative connotations, and "advocated dropping its use in academia". A number of alternatives to the term "new religious movement" are used by some scholars. These include "alternative religious movements" (Miller), "emergent religions" (Ellwood)
734:
Many members of NRMs leave these groups of their own free will. Some of those who do so retain friends within the movement. Some of those who leave a religious community are unhappy with the time that they spent as part of it. Leaving a NRM can pose a number of difficulties. It may result in their
725:
A popular explanation for why people join new religious movements is that they have been "brainwashed" or subject to "mind control" by the NRM itself. This explanation provides a rationale for "deprogramming", a process in which members of NRMs are illegally kidnapped by individuals who then attempt
501:
wrote, "Chief among the miss-directed assertions has been the tendency to speak of new religious movements as if they differed very little, if at all, one from another. The tendency has been to lump them together and indiscriminately attribute all of the characteristics which are, in fact, valid for
875:
One question that faces scholars of religion is when a new religious movement ceases to be "new". As noted by Barker, "In the first century, Christianity was new, in the seventh century Islam was new, in the eighteenth century
Methodism was new, in the nineteenth century the Seventh-day Adventists,
871:
argued that "new religions are just young religions" and as a result, they are "not inherently different" from mainstream and established religious movements, with the differences between the two having been greatly exaggerated by the media and popular perceptions. Melton has stated that those NRMs
853:
J. Gordon Melton argued that "new religious movements" should be defined by the way dominant religious and secular forces within a given society treat them. According to him, NRMs constituted "those religious groups that have been found, from the perspective of the dominant religious community (and
816:
Most research has been directed toward those new religions that attract public controversy. Less controversial NRMs tend to be the subject of less scholarly research. It has also been noted that scholars of new religions often avoid researching certain movements that scholars from other backgrounds
1179:
Scholars of religion have often critiqued anti-cult groups of un-critically believing anecdotal stories provided by the ex-members of new religions, of encouraging ex-members to think that they are the victims of manipulation and abuse, and of irresponsibly scare-mongering about NRMs. Of the "well
1034:
The 1960s and 1970s saw the emergence of a number of highly visible new religious movements... seemed so outlandish that many people saw them as evil cults, fraudulent organizations or scams that recruited unaware people by means of mind-control techniques. Real or serious religions, it was felt,
621:
NRMs are typically founded and led by a charismatic leader. The death of any religion's founder represents a significant moment in its history. Over the months and years following its leader's death, the movement can die out, fragment into multiple groups, consolidate its position, or change its
135:
emerged during the 1970s and 1980s to oppose emergent groups. A distinct field of new religion studies developed within the academic study of religion in the 1970s. There are several scholarly organisations and peer-reviewed journals devoted to the subject. Religious studies scholars contextualize
1198:
New religious movements and cults have appeared as themes or subjects in literature and popular culture, while notable representatives of such groups have produced a large body of literary works. Beginning in the 1700s authors in the
English-speaking world began introducing members of "cults" as
669:
NRMs typically consist largely of first-generation believers, and thus often have a younger average membership than mainstream religious congregations. Some NRMs have been formed by groups who have split from a pre-existing religious group. As these members grow older, many have children who are
586:
group committed suicide in the belief that their spirits would leave the Earth and join a passing comet. There have also been cases in which members of NRMs have been killed after they engaged in dangerous actions due to mistaken belief in their own invincibility. For example, in Uganda, several
95:
There is no single, agreed-upon criterion for defining a "new religious movement". Debate continues as to how the term "new" should be interpreted in this context. One perspective is that it should designate a religion that is more recent in its origins than large, well-established religions like
4690:
1156:
Family members are often distressed when a relative of theirs joins a new religion. Although children break away from their parents for all manner of reasons, in cases where NRMs are involved, it is often the latter that are blamed for the break. Some anti-cultist groups emphasise the idea that
692:
controversy, has defended NRMs, and in 1988 argued that involvement in such movements may often be beneficial: "There's a large research literature published in mainstream journals on the mental health effects of new religions. For the most part, the effects seem to be positive in any way that's
890:
Some NRMs are strongly counter-cultural and 'alternative' in the society where they appear, while others are far more similar to a society's established traditional religions. Generally, Christian denominations are not seen as new religious movements; nevertheless, The Church of Jesus Christ of
960:. In the United States, people began to use "cult" in a pejorative manner, to refer to Spiritualism and Christian Science during the 1890s. As commonly used, for instance in sensationalist tabloid articles, the term "cult" continues to have pejorative associations.
2413:
Upon demise of
Prabhupada eleven Western Gurus were selected as spiritual heads of the Hare Krsna movement, but many problems followed from their appointment and the movement had since veered away from investing absolute authority in a few, fallible, human
1069:
group. Such violence can also be administered by the state. In Iran, followers of the Baháʼí Faith have faced persecution, while the
Ahmadiyya have faced similar violence in Pakistan. Since 1999, the persecution of Falun Gong in China has been severe.
726:
to convince them to reject their beliefs. Professional deprogrammers, therefore, have a financial interest in promoting the "brainwashing" explanation. Academic research, however, has demonstrated that these brainwashing techniques "simply do not exist".
561:
in order to move beyond previous sexual problems or bad experiences. Groups that promote celibacy require a strong recruitment drive to survive. The
Shakers established orphanages, hoping that the children would become members of their community.
552:
and more recent NRMs, inspired by Hindu traditions, see it as a lifelong commitment. Others, including the
Unification Church, as a stage in spiritual development. In some Buddhist NRMs, celibacy is practiced mostly by older women who become
1152:
of their own members. It actively seeks to discourage people from joining new religions (which it refers to as "cults"). It also encourages members of these groups to leave them, and at times seeking to restrict their freedom of movement.
496:
noting that "generalizations tend not to be very helpful" when studying NRMs. J. Gordon Melton expressed the view that there is "no single characteristic or set of characteristics" that all new religions share, "not even their newness."
902:
There are also problems in the use of "religion" within the term "new religious movements". This is because various groups, particularly active within the New Age milieu, have many traits in common with different NRMs but emphasise
926:
for instance differentiated "churches" from "sect" by claiming that the former term should apply to groups that stretch across social strata while "sects" typically contain converts from socially disadvantaged sectors of society.
1104:
to counter opposition to evangelical
Christianity and has come to focus on criticisms of NRMs. Presently the Christian countercult movement opposes most NRMs because of theological differences. It is closely associated with
922:". These are words that have been used in different ways by different groups. For instance, from the nineteenth century onward a number of sociologists used the terms "cult" and "sect" in very specific ways. The sociologist
1118:(1965), Christian scholar Walter Ralston Martin examines a large number of new religious movements; included are major groups such as Christian Science, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Jehovah's Witnesses,
1035:
should appear in recognizable institutionalized forms, be suitably ancient, and – above all – advocate relatively familiar theological notions and modes of conduct. Most new religions failed to comply with such standards.
514:, while others reinterpret existing texts, utilizing a range of older elements. They frequently claim that these are not new but rather forgotten truths that are being revived. NRM scriptures often incorporate modern
87:
group that has modern origins and is peripheral to its society's dominant religious culture. NRMs can be novel in origin, or they can be part of a wider religion, in which case they are distinct from pre-existing
3997:
4966:
Thursby, Gene. "Siddha Yoga: Swami
Muktanada and the Seat of Power." When Prophets Die: The Postcharismatic Fate Of New Religious Movements. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1991 pp. 165–182.
735:
having to abandon a daily framework that they had previously adhered to. It may also generate mixed emotions as ex-members lose the feelings of absolute certainty, which they may have held while in the group.
2765:
2945:
570:
Violent incidents involving NRMs are very rare. In events having a large number of casualties, the new religion was led by a charismatic leader. Beginning in 1978, the deaths of 913 members of the
1172:
A number of ex-members of various new religions have made false allegations about their experiences in such groups. For instance, in the late 1980s a man in Dublin, Ireland, was given a three-year
3640:
433:. At first, it was accepted by the Chinese government, and by 1999 there were 70 million practitioners in China. But in July 1999, the government started to view the movement as a threat and
1134:. The beliefs of other world religions such as Islam and Buddhism are also discussed. He covers each group's history and teachings, and contrasts them with those of mainstream Christianity.
860:
favors "simple" definition; for him, NRM is an organization founded within the past 150 or so years, which cannot be easily classified within one of the world's main religious traditions.
492:
has argued that NRMs should not be "lumped together," as they differ from one another on many issues. Virtually no generalisation can be made about NRMs that applies to every group, with
3627:"Average number of Falun Gong in Laogai System at any given time" Low estimate 450,000, High estimate 1,000,000 p 320. "Best estimate of Falun Gong harvested 2000 to 2008" 65,000 p. 322.
136:
the rise of NRMs in modernity as a product of, and answer to, modern processes of secularization, globalization, detraditionalization, fragmentation, reflexivity, and individualization.
636:, which laid out how the group should be run by her successors. The leadership of the Baháʼí Faith passed through a succession of individuals until 1963, when it was assumed by the
440:
In the 21st century, many NRMs are using the
Internet to give out information, recruit members, and sometimes to hold online meetings and rituals. That is sometimes referred to as
702:
have gained from their experience. There are various reasons as to why an individual would join and then remain part of a NRM, including both push and pull factors. According to
1061:. There are also instances in which violence has been directed at new religions. In the United States the founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, Joseph Smith, was killed by a
883:
has observed that the growth of sects and new religious movements is one of the "most noticeable" and "highly complex" developments in recent years, and in relation to the
578:, Guyana, by both murder and suicide brought an image of "killer cults" to public attention. Several subsequent events contributed to the concept. In 1994, members of the
4814:
Een nieuw licht op de kerk?: Bijdragen van nieuwe religieuze bewegingen voor de kerk van vandaag/A new perspective on the church: Contributions by NRMs for today's church
3966:
622:
nature to become something quite different from what its founder intended. In some cases, a NRM moves closer to the religious mainstream after the death of its founder.
3859:
680:
A popular conception, unsupported by evidence, holds that those who convert to new religions are either mentally ill or become so through their involvement with them.
2002:
1148:
In the 1970s and 1980s, some NRMs as well as some non-religious groups came under opposition by the newly organized anti-cult movement, which mainly charged them with
1820:
448:, professor of Anthropology and Folklore at California State University, Northridge, has discussed the growing popularity of new religious movements on the Internet.
1742:
914:
Since at least the early 2000s, most sociologists of religion have used the term "new religious movement" in order to avoid the pejorative undertones of terms like "
3600:
876:
Christadelphians, and Jehovah's Witnesses were new; in the twenty-first century the Unification Church, the ISKCON, and Scientology are beginning to look old."
3564:
656:, "many problems followed from their appointment and the movement has since veered away from investing absolute authority in a few, fallible, human teachers."
3745:
3620:
2936:
930:
The term "cult" is used in reference to devotion or dedication to a particular person or place. For instance, within the Roman Catholic Church, devotion to
6311:
1498:
1228:
1193:
6037:
1919:
1253:
4666:
3637:
518:
knowledge, sometimes with the claim that they are bringing unity to science and religion. Some NRMs believe that their scriptures are received through
7745:
7836:
5045:
1790:
1157:"cults" use deceit and trickery to recruit members. The anti-cult movement adopted the term brainwashing, which had been developed by the journalist
116:. Some scholars view the 1950s or the end of the Second World War in 1945 as the defining time, while others look as far back as the founding of the
10278:
6001:
2263:
10127:
5319:
2739:
645:
375:
49:
11184:
6290:
4599:
Religious Leaders of America: A Biographical Guide to Founders and Leaders of Religious Bodies, Churches, and Spiritual Groups in North America
1859:
1765:
127:
New religions have sometimes faced opposition from established religious organisations and secular institutions. In Western nations, a secular
4817:
3496:
3424:
757:
of the host society?; and what are the most important ways that NRMs respond to the sociocultural dislocation that leads to their formation?
1519:
McRae, John R. (1991). "Oriental Verities on the American Frontier: The 1893 World's Parliament of Religions and the Thought of Masao Abe".
11136:
8484:
3759:
Wendy Dackson (Summer 2004). "New Religious Movements in the 21st Century: Legal, Political, and Social Challenges in Global Perspective".
2289:
by Helen Danesh, John Danesh and Amelia Danesh, Studying the Writings of Shoghi Effendi, edited by M. Bergsmo (Oxford: George Ronald, 1991)
706:, professor of psychiatry at NYU, typical reasons why people join NRMs include a search for community and a spiritual quest. Sociologists
466:
said that, though no NRM had become the dominant faith in any country, many of the concepts they first introduced (often referred to as "
1169:. Lifton himself had doubts about the applicability of his brainwashing hypothesis to the techniques used by NRMs to convert recruits.
10172:
10099:
7270:
6371:
2960:
1890:
1093:
4937:
Staemmler, Birgit, Dehn, Ulrich (ed.): Establishing the Revolutionary: An Introduction to New Religions in Japan. LIT, Münster, 2011.
3534:
9972:
6349:
6306:
6179:
993:
The 1970s was the era of the so-called "cult wars", led by "cult-watching groups". The efforts of the anti-cult movement condensed a
749:
10423:
1437:
872:
that "were offshoots of older religious groups... tended to resemble their parent groups far more than they resembled each other."
10263:
10137:
10122:
6163:
2377:
In the months preceding his death Srila Prabhupada appointed eleven of his closest disciples to act as initiating gurus for ISKCON
1074:
interviewed over 100 witnesses and estimated that 65,000 Falun Gong practitioners were killed for their organs from 2000 to 2008.
891:
Latter-day Saints, the Jehovah's Witnesses, Christian Science, and the Shakers have been studied as NRMs. The same situation with
2282:
986:
in the years following the Second World War. From Japan this term was translated and used by several American authors, including
770:
The academic study of new religious movements is known as 'new religions studies' (NRS). The study draws from the disciplines of
5664:
4121:
3889:
van Driel, Barend, and James T. Richardson. "Research Note Categorization of New Religious Movements in American Print Media".
455:, executive director of the Institute for the Study of American Religions at the University of California, Santa Barbara, told
211:
149:
17:
8062:
2600:
Bader, Chris & A. Demarish (1996). "A test of the Stark-Bainbridge theory of affiliation with religious cults and sects."
10283:
6280:
6240:
5038:
4942:
4781:
4640:
4545:
4521:
4499:
4379:
4220:
4201:
4183:
4081:
4029:
3951:
3867:
3395:
3374:
3314:
2759:
2536:
2513:
2406:
2370:
2342:
2314:
2088:
1602:
1470:
1050:
528:, the core scripture of the Urantia Movement, was published in 1955 and is said to be the product of a continuous process of
4551:
4322:
4250:
1994:
10748:
7740:
5885:
5467:
5314:
1812:
1562:
1750:
10866:
10147:
9743:
5704:
5116:
641:
379:
11076:
10806:
10688:
10142:
8722:
6634:
5654:
5629:
5373:
5299:
4627:
3592:
583:
399:
4152:
11126:
9947:
7155:
5385:
5170:
4864:
4825:
4758:
4711:
4612:
4582:
4473:
4316:
4244:
3354:
2589:
1699:
1653:
1392:
1307:
714:, in discussing the process by which people join new religious groups, have questioned the utility of the concept of
3578:
11359:
11179:
8732:
6195:
5334:
5284:
5031:
3617:
3461:
2580:
1623:
625:
A number of founders of new religions established plans for succession to prevent confusion after their deaths.
11141:
11036:
10162:
10157:
10113:
9738:
8582:
7804:
6789:
6316:
5810:
5502:
1486:
1223:
1158:
371:
226:, who addressed the meeting, was the first to mention the Baháʼí Faith in the United States. Also attending were
159:. It is one of the largest new religious movements in terms of membership. In Japan, 1838 marks the beginning of
10996:
10821:
10094:
9108:
9049:
8936:
8815:
8747:
7133:
6771:
6690:
6253:
6097:
5462:
5405:
5219:
4961:
3723:
1916:
1083:
809:
in nature. A sizeable body of scholarly literature on new religions has been published, most of it produced by
132:
9228:
9103:
6270:
1054:
11146:
10561:
10298:
9957:
9806:
9728:
9150:
8192:
7703:
6342:
5339:
1130:, Scientology, the Unity Church, as well as minor groups including various New Age groups and those based on
31:
4411:
11204:
11006:
8214:
6922:
5249:
5087:
2524:
1097:
703:
9238:
5845:
2321:
Before Prabhupada died in 1977, he selected senior devotees who would continue to direct the organization.
1787:
11214:
10926:
10921:
10693:
9211:
9172:
8727:
8641:
8209:
7873:
6539:
5669:
5082:
3300:
632:
317:
9243:
9233:
2740:"Disciplinary Perspectives on New Religious Movements: Views of from the Humanities and Social Sciences"
2260:
9987:
9932:
9628:
8368:
7863:
6534:
6476:
5940:
5925:
5644:
4746:
2548:
892:
637:
188:
7956:
4416:
4039:
Bromley, David G. (2004). "Whither New Religions Studies?: Defining and Shaping a New Area of Study".
3593:"The Slaughter: Mass Killings, Organ Harvesting, and China's Secret Solution to Its Dissident Problem"
3459:
An Independent Investigation into Allegations of Organ Harvesting of Falun Gong Practitioners in China
1494:
11239:
11028:
10886:
10338:
9221:
9000:
8631:
8261:
7784:
6916:
6668:
6505:
6460:
6275:
5639:
5344:
5104:
4560:
1248:
1058:
579:
434:
117:
9339:
4072: (2012). "The Sociology of New Religious Movements". In Olav Hammer; Mikael Rothstein (eds.).
1866:
1773:
502:
only one or two." NRMs themselves often claim that they exist at a crucial place in time and space.
10743:
10703:
10658:
10448:
10438:
10243:
9992:
9817:
9753:
9723:
9613:
9378:
9287:
9255:
9216:
9128:
8025:
7250:
7186:
6656:
6641:
6335:
6285:
6184:
6017:
5890:
5659:
5580:
5565:
5269:
5239:
5212:
5192:
5121:
4531:
4302:
4230:
3706:
3618:
The Slaughter: Mass Killings, Organ Harvesting and China's Secret Solution to Its Dissident Problem
3508:
3409:
3296:
2034:
1114:
1106:
956:
258:
7693:
2751:
1165:
to apply to the methods employed by Chinese to convert captured US soldiers to their cause in the
11194:
11131:
11081:
11041:
10986:
10621:
10616:
10506:
10453:
10343:
10273:
10069:
9875:
9790:
8995:
8973:
8772:
8594:
8119:
7735:
7662:
7346:
6717:
6517:
6426:
5770:
5590:
5556:
5155:
3306:
2549:"Ten Years After Jonestown, the Battle Intensifies Over the Influence of 'Alternative' Religions"
1176:
for falsely claiming that he had been drugged, kidnapped, and held captive by members of ISKCON.
1123:
830:
711:
254:
215:
4466:
World Christian Encyclopedia: A Comparative Survey of Churches and Religions in the Modern World
2398:
11061:
10956:
10916:
10896:
10753:
10728:
10633:
10606:
10556:
10526:
10516:
10433:
10398:
10383:
10368:
10323:
10258:
9927:
9858:
9763:
9758:
9499:
9422:
9184:
9066:
8990:
8787:
8777:
8636:
8604:
8542:
8020:
8015:
7799:
7680:
7640:
7425:
6766:
6761:
6741:
6737:
6265:
6213:
6208:
6077:
6067:
6032:
5800:
5201:
5150:
5146:
2579:
Cults and new religious movements: a report of the committee on psychiatry and religion of the
1127:
983:
600:
274:
172:
144:
89:
5760:
4577:. Religious Information Series, 7 (Rev. and updated ed.). New York; London: Garland Pub.
1045:
There has been opposition to NRMs throughout their history. Some historical events have been:
887:, their "desire for peaceful relations with the Catholic Church may be weak or non-existent".
652:
and to continue to direct the organisation. However, according to British scholar of religion
548:, the state of voluntarily being unmarried, sexually abstinent, or both. Some, including the
532:
from "celestial beings" which began in 1911. Some NRMs, particularly those that are forms of
11302:
11247:
11164:
11116:
11091:
10891:
10713:
10708:
10576:
10566:
10388:
10064:
10002:
9822:
9768:
9189:
9167:
9086:
9027:
8693:
8132:
7983:
7113:
6712:
6624:
6223:
5935:
5855:
5684:
5492:
5415:
5254:
5244:
5008:
3701:
2164:
The Oxford Handbook of New Religious Movements, Volume 1, James R Lewis, OUP US, 2008, p. 385
1594:
1584:
1101:
931:
908:
880:
818:
685:
395:
356:
316:
New religious movements expanded in many nations in the 1950s and 1960s at the height of the
8003:
7951:
4656:
Encyclopedia of New Religions: New Religious Movements, Sects and Alternative Spiritualities
4095:
3538:
44:
11292:
11282:
11267:
11174:
11101:
11071:
11046:
11011:
10971:
10966:
10941:
10811:
10733:
10683:
10663:
10653:
10541:
10488:
10463:
10313:
10308:
10288:
10253:
10238:
10182:
9952:
9885:
9853:
9733:
9668:
9534:
9412:
9265:
9145:
9044:
8956:
8924:
8919:
8767:
8499:
7868:
7752:
7336:
7096:
6707:
6651:
6602:
6587:
6440:
6112:
6107:
6092:
5920:
5735:
5622:
5400:
5207:
4838:
2081:
Prophets and Protons: New Religious Movements and Science in Late Twentieth-Century America
1206:
An article on the categorization of new religious movements in US print media published by
1088:
In the 1930s, Christian critics of NRMs began referring to them as "cults". The 1938 book
1002:
904:
588:
391:
239:
8067:
6949:
5141:
4985:
Cargo Cults and Millenarian Movements: Transoceanic Comparisons of New Religious Movements
2306:
2300:
168:
8:
11297:
11272:
11252:
11229:
11156:
11106:
11086:
11001:
10991:
10946:
10906:
10861:
10856:
10846:
10836:
10831:
10826:
10816:
10801:
10796:
10791:
10786:
10781:
10758:
10668:
10643:
10521:
10511:
10473:
10443:
10428:
10413:
10403:
10393:
10358:
10353:
10303:
10248:
10223:
10167:
10024:
10007:
9895:
9890:
9880:
9748:
9549:
9462:
9407:
9383:
9270:
9155:
9113:
8908:
8757:
8385:
8177:
8052:
7831:
7618:
7503:
7431:
7321:
7242:
7069:
6722:
6546:
6392:
6229:
6189:
6132:
6102:
6072:
5730:
5595:
5482:
5378:
4896:, Suva, Fiji: University of the South Pacific & University of Papua New Guinea, 1985.
4852:, Waco: J. M. Dawson Institute of Church-State Studies and Baylor University Press, 2002.
4673:. Vol. 10 (2nd ed.). Farmington Hills, Mi: Macmillan Reference USA – via
4662:
4389:
Olson, Paul J. (2006). "The Public Perception of "Cults" and "New Religious Movements"".
3740:
3001:
Olson, Paul J. (2006). "The Public Perception of 'Cults' and 'New Religious Movements'".
1590:
1243:
1238:
1149:
1014:
1006:
422:
333:
223:
5457:
4952:
4791:
4362:
3295:
Petersen, Jesper Aagaard (2004). "Modern Satanism: Dark Doctrines and Black Flames". In
3191:
Gallagher, Eugene V. (2007). "Compared to What? 'Cults' and 'New Religious Movements'".
11277:
11257:
11224:
11121:
11111:
11056:
11051:
10981:
10961:
10951:
10936:
10931:
10911:
10881:
10876:
10851:
10841:
10773:
10738:
10723:
10628:
10601:
10591:
10551:
10536:
10531:
10483:
10478:
10418:
10373:
10333:
10228:
10215:
10017:
9997:
9922:
9795:
9618:
9292:
9250:
9091:
9059:
9034:
8961:
8941:
8762:
8710:
8698:
8676:
8268:
8226:
8099:
7924:
7919:
7914:
7713:
7497:
7473:
6852:
6776:
6524:
6470:
6248:
6022:
5960:
5955:
5720:
5674:
5649:
5634:
5575:
5546:
5353:
5324:
5304:
5018:
4648:
4597:
4488:
4439:
4358:
4285:
4056:
3989:
3929:
3925:
3277:
3208:
2391:
1799:
1536:
1180:
over a thousand groups that have been or might be called cults" listed in the files of
1173:
1143:
822:
344:
278:
196:
128:
8380:
7929:
7525:
7255:
5975:
4878:
4289:
4060:
3993:
3738:
Michael J. McManus, "Eulogy for the godfather of the anti-cult movement", obituary in
2279:
1554:
599:. The history of the Latter Day Saint movement includes multiple cases of significant
11334:
11328:
11262:
11219:
11209:
11199:
11189:
11096:
11016:
10976:
10901:
10871:
10763:
10718:
10698:
10673:
10648:
10611:
10596:
10571:
10546:
10458:
10408:
10363:
10348:
10328:
10318:
10293:
10233:
10177:
9937:
9713:
9309:
9280:
9204:
9199:
9160:
9098:
9054:
9039:
9022:
9017:
9012:
8951:
8686:
8572:
8338:
8308:
8288:
8109:
7904:
7885:
7880:
7794:
7757:
7478:
7393:
7316:
7214:
7204:
7172:
7160:
7128:
7105:
7087:
6983:
6838:
6746:
6732:
6695:
6683:
6512:
6431:
6383:
6218:
6052:
6042:
6027:
5985:
5679:
5551:
5477:
5425:
5358:
5309:
5234:
5094:
4957:
4938:
4860:
4821:
4777:
4763:
4754:
4707:
4636:
4608:
4578:
4541:
4517:
4509:
4495:
4483:
4469:
4426:
Robbins, Thomas (2000). "Quo Vadis the Scientific Study of New Religious Movements".
4402:
4375:
4312:
4240:
4216:
4197:
4179:
4117:
4096:
4077:
4025:
4019:
3947:
3719:
3391:
3370:
3350:
3310:
3281:
3212:
3014:
2755:
2585:
2553:
2532:
2509:
2402:
2366:
2338:
2310:
2084:
1884:
1695:
1598:
1466:
1419:
1388:
1303:
1184:, writes Eileen Barker, the "vast majority" have not engaged in criminal activities.
1131:
857:
846:
806:
791:
629:, the American founder of Christian Science, spent fifteen years working on her book
536:, have a prescribed system of courses and grades through which members can progress.
441:
348:
219:
8792:
8390:
8040:
7762:
4098:
New Religions in Global Perspective: A Study of Religious Change in the Modern World
1679:
Opening A Channel To The Stars: The Origins and Development of the Aetherius Society
250:. This conference gave Asian religious teachers their first wide American audience.
11287:
11169:
11066:
10678:
10638:
10586:
10581:
10498:
10468:
10378:
10268:
10132:
10084:
10079:
9638:
9603:
9576:
9334:
9319:
9194:
9118:
8968:
8946:
8854:
8715:
8494:
8457:
8313:
8298:
8246:
8030:
8010:
7978:
7973:
7944:
7939:
7851:
7841:
7650:
7614:
7606:
7577:
7490:
7410:
7405:
7368:
7358:
7284:
7222:
7064:
6901:
6751:
6409:
5945:
5790:
5780:
5529:
5437:
5410:
5368:
5289:
5229:
5224:
5165:
4947:
4900:
4699:
4674:
4632:
4622:
4604:
4592:
4568:
4540:. Oxford Handbooks. Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
4461:
4435:
4398:
4350:
4277:
4265:
4211:
Hammer, Olav; Rothstein, Mikael (2012). "Introduction to New Religious Movements".
4175:
4144:
4048:
4015:
3981:
3917:
3768:
3649:
3267:
3200:
3010:
2747:
2140:
1528:
1162:
868:
826:
763:
524:
493:
452:
445:
321:
8931:
5865:
3908:
Ashcraft, W. Michael (2005). "A History of the Study of New Religious Movements".
3535:"China: The crackdown on Falun Gong and other so-called "heretical organizations""
801:
The study of new religions is unified by its topic of interest rather than by its
11338:
9962:
9942:
9432:
9324:
9314:
8983:
8651:
8442:
8422:
8353:
8318:
8251:
8035:
7961:
7934:
7909:
7846:
7809:
7597:
7540:
7311:
6828:
6629:
6555:
6495:
6450:
6419:
5970:
5875:
5805:
5795:
5755:
5534:
5390:
5363:
4990:
4773:
4572:
4535:
4306:
4234:
4111:
4107:
4091:
3941:
3644:
3638:"Q&A: Author and analyst Ethan Gutmann discusses China's illegal organ trade"
3624:
3604:
3573:
3504:
3465:
3346:
2502:
2286:
2267:
1923:
1794:
987:
923:
626:
615:
558:
498:
387:
270:
247:
4194:
Modern World Religions: Hinduism – Pupil Book Core (Modern World Religions)
2934:
2335:
Journeys East: 20th century Western encounters with Eastern religious traditions
1645:
841:
11364:
10089:
9977:
9917:
9633:
9608:
9393:
9297:
9179:
9123:
9076:
8489:
8437:
8333:
8303:
8283:
8278:
8273:
8256:
8152:
8072:
8045:
7998:
7988:
7000:
6663:
6646:
6465:
6445:
6414:
6260:
5980:
5965:
5930:
5915:
5870:
5825:
5815:
5725:
5602:
5452:
5329:
5274:
5197:
5160:
4927:
4786:
4776:(2000). Japanese New Religions: In Global Perspective. Richmond : Curzon.
4770:, Paris: UNESCO/London, Beverly Hills & New Delhi: SAGE Publications, 1986.
4167:
3711:
3560:
3256:"Stepping out of the Ivory Tower: A Sociological Engagement in 'The Cult Wars'"
2042:
1928:
1376:
1046:
1010:
896:
810:
571:
511:
463:
363:
329:
302:
7265:
1853:
Rita M. Hauck, "Stratospheric Transparency: Perspectives on Internet Privacy,
1619:
611:
286:
11353:
10012:
9566:
9447:
8839:
8834:
8782:
8619:
8557:
8452:
8343:
8241:
8172:
8104:
8094:
8057:
7993:
7890:
7856:
7774:
7670:
7633:
7552:
7460:
6911:
6862:
6567:
6127:
6057:
5880:
5745:
5740:
5699:
5539:
5395:
5259:
4917:
4727:
4354:
3937:
3715:
3450:
1903:
Magliocco, Sabina. 2012. “Neopaganism.” In O. Hammer and M. Rothstein, Eds.,
1617:
1384:
1292:
1071:
592:
489:
459:
that 40 to 45 new religious movements emerge each year in the United States.
262:
8681:
3921:
405:
10152:
10054:
9910:
9598:
9593:
9571:
9561:
9442:
8874:
8809:
8752:
8737:
8703:
8328:
8236:
7232:
7123:
7118:
6969:
6939:
6813:
6781:
6529:
6500:
6487:
6202:
6137:
6082:
5950:
5850:
5835:
5765:
5514:
5430:
5131:
5111:
4281:
4148:
4132:
4052:
3985:
3772:
1119:
1066:
944:
935:
771:
707:
689:
681:
352:
306:
282:
200:
156:
109:
84:
8375:
7020:
5023:
4703:
3272:
3255:
235:
10074:
10049:
9868:
9836:
9827:
9773:
9703:
9688:
9581:
9472:
9133:
9081:
8869:
8587:
8567:
8407:
8348:
8086:
8082:
7895:
7383:
7331:
7301:
7138:
6992:
6884:
6808:
6673:
6609:
6560:
5905:
5840:
5785:
5585:
5519:
5507:
5497:
5420:
5013:
3454:
2807:
1200:
994:
950:
864:
802:
674:
653:
383:
340:
290:
227:
204:
52:
9388:
9329:
8432:
7826:
7645:
7194:
3458:
3021:
2349:
Before his death Prabhupada appointed eleven American devotees as gurus.
595:, told them that they would be protected from bullets by the oil of the
582:
committed suicide in Canada and Switzerland. In 1997, 39 members of the
10040:
10035:
9905:
9900:
9863:
9841:
9698:
9678:
9673:
9514:
9504:
9467:
9071:
8849:
8797:
8537:
8182:
8162:
7698:
7623:
7562:
7326:
7306:
7227:
6879:
6847:
6818:
6597:
6592:
6577:
5910:
5860:
5830:
5820:
5775:
5279:
5264:
2106:, George D. Chryssides, Benjamin E. Zeller, A&C Black, 2014, p. 214
1540:
1166:
783:
775:
529:
515:
430:
426:
265:
in South Africa. The early 20th century also saw a rise in interest in
180:
8879:
7718:
5472:
214:
was held in Chicago. The conference included NRMs of the time such as
9982:
9778:
9693:
9683:
9554:
9509:
9494:
9427:
9275:
8742:
8664:
8624:
8614:
8577:
8552:
8532:
8427:
8293:
8147:
8137:
7899:
7819:
7814:
7725:
7535:
7520:
7485:
7468:
7450:
7363:
7143:
7059:
7038:
7033:
7010:
7005:
6964:
6959:
6896:
6833:
6756:
6727:
6678:
6619:
6572:
5689:
5617:
5487:
5348:
5294:
5185:
5126:
5099:
5077:
5072:
5068:
4953:
Communities of Dissent: A History of Alternative Religions in America
4807:
Encountering New Religious Movements: A Holistic Evangelical Approach
4021:
The New Believers: A Survey of Sects, Cults and Alternative Religions
1649:
1300:
1295:, 1999, "New Religious Movements: their incidence and significance",
884:
787:
596:
575:
533:
478:
418:
410:
298:
192:
184:
80:
7415:
6944:
5136:
4722:
New Religious Movements in Western Europe: An Annotated Bibliography
4215:. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–9.
3757:"unapologetically hostile to young and developing spiritual trends"
1532:
1402:
1400:
164:
9785:
9529:
9519:
9374:
8864:
8844:
8671:
8547:
8402:
7966:
7688:
7628:
7547:
7455:
7442:
7420:
7400:
7378:
7373:
7353:
7293:
7260:
7199:
7043:
7028:
6906:
6867:
6823:
6614:
6551:
6455:
6358:
5900:
5607:
5524:
5447:
5175:
4076:. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 13–28.
3204:
1062:
998:
795:
545:
483:
367:
294:
160:
121:
105:
97:
4879:
Extraordinary groups: an examination of unconventional life-styles
3967:"What Are We Studying? A Sociological Case for Keeping the "Nova""
3231:
2938:
Directory for the Application of Principles and Norms on Ecumenism
2715:
2506:
Cults in context: readings in the study of new religious movements
1917:
Seeking Entry-Level Prophet: Burning Bush and Tablets Not Required
10059:
9658:
9623:
9544:
9457:
9398:
9302:
9005:
8859:
8609:
8562:
8447:
8323:
8142:
7567:
7530:
7341:
6891:
6857:
6700:
6401:
6087:
5612:
5570:
5009:
Hartford Institute of Religious Research: New religious movements
4871:
Mystics and Messiahs: Cults and New Religions in American History
1397:
1092:
by Jan Karel van Baalen (1890–1968), an ordained minister in the
1065:
in 1844. In India there have been mob killings of members of the
1001:, in particular, came to be known as a distinct phenomenon, the "
779:
549:
519:
467:
243:
176:
101:
38:
5895:
4692:
Researching New Religious Movements: Responses and redefinitions
3156:
2529:
In Gods we trust: new patterns of religious pluralism in America
351:
was founded in England. It and some other NRMs have been called
9967:
9846:
9831:
9650:
9539:
9524:
9482:
9260:
9138:
8412:
8167:
8157:
7769:
7730:
7572:
7180:
7150:
6874:
6158:
6153:
6117:
6062:
5442:
5180:
4934:, 2nd edition, Walnut Creek, Lanham, Md: Alta Mira Press, 2003.
4343:
Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions
4270:
Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions
4137:
Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions
4041:
Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions
3974:
Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions
3910:
Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions
2935:
Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity (1993-03-25).
2901:
2843:
2841:
2791:
2639:
2637:
1717:
Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions
1618:
Jain, Pankaz; Pankaz Hingarh; Bipin Doshi and Smt. Priti Shah.
1181:
964:
939:
325:
266:
56:
8358:
5750:
3665:, 4th rev.ed. Grand Rapids: William Eerdmans Publishing, 1962.
1766:"Maharishi Mahesh Yogi; The Beatles' mentor had global empire"
640:, members of which are elected by the worldwide congregation.
324:(1945) forced the Japanese government to separate itself from
9663:
9437:
9417:
9402:
8978:
8804:
8599:
8462:
8417:
8397:
7557:
6954:
6800:
6582:
5694:
3323:
1040:— Religious studies scholars Olav Hammer and Mikael Rothstein
982:, a Japanese term developed to describe the proliferation of
649:
310:
113:
2838:
2634:
2365:. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. p. 222.
2332:
2060:
2048:
2016:
1438:"Factsheet: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints"
9588:
9477:
7388:
6327:
6122:
6047:
3668:
1233:
1027:
919:
915:
591:
were killed as they approached gunfire because its leader,
554:
470:" ideas) have become part of worldwide mainstream culture.
409:
Practitioners of Falun Gong perform spiritual exercises in
4805:
Hexham, Irving, Stephen Rost & John W. Morehead (eds)
4341: (2007). "New New Religions: Revisiting a Concept".
3410:"The Specter of Ideological Genocide: The Bahá'ís of Iran"
1813:"In July 1999, the CCP Created Exactly What It Had Feared"
9487:
9452:
8127:
7464:
6159:
INFORM (Information Network Focus on Religious Movements)
4468:. Vol. 1–2 (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
3791:
3685:
3683:
3184:
3108:
3086:
3084:
1018:
and "marginal religious movements" (Harper and Le Beau).
938:". It is also used in non-religious contexts to refer to
482:
A Rasta man wearing symbols of his religious identity in
231:
4850:
New Religious Movements and Religious Liberty in America
3515:
3478:
3476:
3474:
2828:
2826:
2779:
2681:
2679:
2666:
2664:
2270:
by Baha'i World Center Department of Statistics, 2001–08
2230:
2155:, Jamie Cresswell, Bryan Wilson, Routledge, 2012, p. 153
1684:
429:
was first taught publicly in Northeast China in 1992 by
4301: (2004b). "An Introduction to New Religions". In
3839:
3033:
2918:
2916:
2649:
2612:
2610:
2559:
2484:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2431:
2220:
2218:
1976:
1974:
1555:"First Public Mentions of the Baháʼí Faith in the West"
1341:
320:. Japanese new religions became very popular after the
27:
Religious community or spiritual group of modern origin
6370:
3815:
3803:
3779:
3680:
3537:. Amnesty International. 23 March 2000. Archived from
3172:
3144:
3132:
3120:
3096:
3081:
2979:
1331:
1329:
1327:
155:
In 1830, the Latter Day Saint movement was founded by
4753:.: Written from a Confessional Lutheran perspective.
3827:
3471:
3069:
3057:
2853:
2823:
2703:
2691:
2676:
2661:
2472:
2242:
2191:
2179:
2167:
2121:
2109:
1692:
The Gods have landed: new religions from other worlds
1276:
1274:
5019:
International Journal for the Study of New Religions
4922:
Religion and Popular Culture: A Hyper-Real Testament
4464:; Kurian, George T.; Johnson, Todd M. (2001-02-15).
4460:
3219:
3045:
2913:
2889:
2877:
2622:
2607:
2455:
2443:
2419:
2215:
2203:
1971:
1959:
1947:
1907:, pp. 150–166. New York: Cambridge University Press.
1312:
1229:
New religious movements and cults in popular culture
1194:
New religious movements and cults in popular culture
648:, appointed 11 "Western Gurus" to act as initiating
4820:, (a Christian publishing house), the Hague, 1984.
4516:(Rev. pbk. ed.). Lanham, Md: Scarecrow Press.
4311:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 16–35.
3734:
3732:
2967:
2104:
The Bloomsbury Companion to New Religious Movements
1935:
1324:
1254:
Sociological classifications of religious movements
829:, and Native American new religions by scholars of
557:. Some people join NRMs and practice celibacy as a
30:"New religion" redirects here. For other uses, see
4596:
4487:
4372:New Religious Movements: A Guide for the Perplexed
4239:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 1–15.
4213:The Cambridge Companion to New Religious Movements
4133:"Reframing the History of New Religious Movements"
4074:The Cambridge Companion to New Religious Movements
3501:Faithful History: Essays on Writing Mormon History
2865:
2390:
2360:
1905:The Cambridge Companion to New Religious Movements
1271:
4980:, Aarhus, Denmark: Aarhus University Press, 1995.
4907:, Aarhus, Denmark: Aarhus University Press, 1997.
4268:(2004). "Toward a Definition of "New Religion"".
3943:New Religious Movements: A Practical Introduction
3497:"On Being a Mormon Historian (And Its Aftermath)"
3494:
3388:The New Religious Movements Experience in America
3367:The New Religious Movements Experience in America
2354:
2326:
1187:
1077:
1005:". Consequently, scholars such as Eileen Barker,
997:around the concept of cults. Public fears around
11351:
4490:Historical dictionary of new religious movements
4196:. Oxford, UK: Heinemann Educational Publishers.
4131:Driedger, Michael; Wolfart, Johannes C. (2018).
3729:
3417:War Crimes, Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity
3343:The New Religious Movement Experience in America
2731:
1465:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 121–122.
825:, African-American new religions by scholars of
207:denomination, was founded in the United States.
4995:New Religious Movements: Challenge and Response
4859:. Elgin, Ill.: Brethren Press, 1985. v, 133 p.
4768:New Religious Movements and Rapid Social Change
4210:
4130:
3880:Ed Brubaker, Fatale #21, 2014, Image, pp. 20–21
3468:(in 22 languages) organharvestinvestigation.net
3329:
2907:
2847:
2817:
2737:
2643:
2153:New Religious Movements: Challenge and Response
2066:
2054:
2022:
1423:
1297:New Religious Movements: challenge and response
968:
899:and newer divisions have been named among NRM.
646:International Society for Krishna Consciousness
376:International Society for Krishna Consciousness
50:International Society for Krishna Consciousness
6291:Religious discrimination against modern pagans
4720:Arweck, Elisabeth and Peter B. Clarke (1997).
4561:Handbook of Denominations in the United States
4537:The Oxford Handbook of New Religious Movements
4530:
4308:The Oxford Handbook of New Religious Movements
4236:The Oxford Handbook of New Religious Movements
3335:
2337:. Bloomington, IN: World Wisdom. p. 272.
2292:
975:
911:, and are not clearly "religious" in nature.
836:
6343:
5039:
4956:. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press.
4833:Religious Movements: Genesis, Exodus, Numbers
4233:(2004). "Overview". In James R. Lewis (ed.).
3758:
2996:
2994:
2083:. New York University Press. pp. 10–15.
1719:, November 2006, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 103–123.
1694:(Albany: State University of New York Press),
1418:A notable proponent of the earlier dating is
1372:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1208:The Association for the Sociology of Religion
1096:, was especially influential. In the US, the
378:(ISKCON) was founded in the United States by
4987:, Berlin; New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1990.
4973:, Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Company, 1965.
4428:Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion
4391:Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion
3003:Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion
2602:Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion
1740:
1734:
1299:, Bryan Wilson and Jamie Cresswell editors,
821:movement is usually examined by scholars of
606:
417:In the late 1980s and 1990s, the decline of
5053:
4876:Kephart, William M; Zellner, W. W. (1994).
4734:, Aarhus, Denmark: Aargus University Press.
4628:Melton's Encyclopedia of American Religions
3946:. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
3446:
3444:
3390:, The American Religious Experience, 2004,
3369:, The American Religious Experience, 2004,
2746:. Oxford University Press. pp. 41–63.
2388:
1741:van den Berg, Stephanie (5 February 2008).
6350:
6336:
5046:
5032:
4873:, New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.
4802:, Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1997.
4724:. Westport, Conn; London: Greenwood Press.
4508:
4482:
4409:
3610:
3559:
2991:
2985:
2298:
1353:
1094:Christian Reformed Church in North America
343:was founded in the United States, and the
257:, the first and one of the largest modern
6180:Academic study of new religious movements
4971:The Social Psychology of Social Movements
4855:Enroth, Ronald M., and J. Gordon Melton.
4848:Davis, Derek H., and Barry Hankins (eds)
4661:
4574:Encyclopedic Handbook of Cults in America
4534:; Tøllefsen, Inga Bårdsen, eds. (2016) .
3527:
3401:
3271:
3190:
2752:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195177299.001.0001
2382:
1743:"Beatles Guru Maharishi Mahesh Yogi Dies"
1673:Partridge, Christopher Hugh (ed.) (2003)
1620:"Virchand Gandhi, A Gandhi Before Gandhi"
1286:
750:Academic study of new religious movements
398:in India brought public attention to the
347:was founded in South Korea. In 1955, the
8907:
6164:World Religions and Spirituality Project
4910:Needleman, Jacob and George Baker (eds)
4857:Why Cults Succeed Where the Church Fails
4558:Mead, Frank S.; Hill, Samuel S. (1995).
3907:
3457:(6 July 2006, revised 31 January 2007)
3441:
3407:
3294:
2302:Challenge of the Cults and New Religions
1992:
1479:
840:
610:
601:violence committed by or against Mormons
477:
473:
404:
359:with traditional religious principles.
167:was established in Iran, from which the
143:
43:
10204:
4671:Encyclopedia of Religion: 15-volume Set
4425:
4296:
4166:
4113:Encyclopedia of new religious movements
4106:
4090:
4067:
4038:
4014:
3845:
3821:
3809:
3797:
3785:
3689:
3674:
3237:
3178:
3166:
3150:
3138:
3126:
3114:
3102:
3090:
3075:
3063:
3027:
2859:
2832:
2813:
2801:
2725:
2721:
2709:
2697:
2685:
2670:
2541:
2531:, Transaction Publishers 1996, p. 537,
2508:, Transaction Publishers 1998, p. 340,
2478:
2333:Smith, Huston; Harry Oldmeadow (2004).
2248:
2236:
2197:
2185:
2173:
2143:, Oxford University Press, May 25, 2007
2127:
2115:
1965:
1788:In Beijing: A Roar of Silent Protestors
1406:
1280:
743:
14:
11352:
6038:Classifications of religious movements
5665:Universal Church of the Kingdom of God
4924:, Brussels: P.I.E. – Peter Lang, 2005.
4892:Loeliger, Carl and Garry Trompf (eds)
4688:
4667:"New Religious Movements: An Overview"
4621:
4591:
4567:
4369:
4336:
4264:
4191:
3960:
3936:
3857:
3833:
3744:, Fredericksburg, VA, 26 August 1989,
3630:
3521:
3482:
3253:
3241:
3225:
3051:
3039:
2973:
2959:– via Office of Divine Worship,
2922:
2895:
2883:
2785:
2655:
2628:
2616:
2565:
2490:
2466:
2449:
2437:
2425:
2397:. Cambridge University Press. p.
2224:
2209:
2078:
1980:
1953:
1941:
1889:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1763:
1757:
1728:
1643:
1435:
1347:
1335:
1318:
425:opened up new opportunities for NRMs.
277:in the United States; the rise of the
10203:
9356:
8906:
6369:
6331:
5027:
4932:Understanding New Religious Movements
4812:Kranenborg, Reender (Dutch language)
4514:The A to Z of new religious movements
4388:
4229:
3488:
3162:
3000:
2871:
2797:
1518:
1512:
1137:
5886:A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
5315:International Peace Mission movement
4997:, London; New York: Routledge, 1999.
4894:New Religious Movements in Melanesia
4654:Partridge, Christopher, ed. (2004).
3636:Barbara Turnbull (21 October 2014)
3585:
3553:
1582:
1576:
195:, an Islamic branch, was founded by
5705:World Mission Society Church of God
5117:Ancient Mystical Order Rosae Crucis
4887:The New Believers: Re-Imagining God
3695:
3299:; Petersen, Jesper Aagaard (eds.).
3030:, pp. 525–526, Reform Judaism.
1999:Cult And Sect | Religion And Belief
1646:"Unholy row over World Cup trumpet"
1460:
1454:
642:A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
380:A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
355:because they combine the belief in
230:, the "First American Ancestor" of
212:Parliament of the World's Religions
150:Parliament of the World's Religions
24:
10173:Religions and spiritual traditions
6372:Religious groups and denominations
6281:Persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses
5655:Unitarian Universalist Association
4845:, London; New York: Cassell, 1999.
4809:, Grand Rapids: Kregel Pub., 2004.
4795:. New York, Philosophical Library.
4564:. Nashville, Tenn: Abingdon Press.
4448:
4440:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2000.tb00013.x
4410:Rubinstein, Murray (7 June 2023).
2139:Teaching New Religious Movements,
1772:. Associated Press. Archived from
1051:persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses
400:Transcendental Meditation movement
25:
11376:
5386:Moorish Science Temple of America
5171:Brotherhood of the Cross and Star
5014:Skepsis – Online texts about NRMs
5002:
4905:New Religious Movements in Europe
4792:Religion in the twentieth century
4732:New Religions and New Religiosity
4730:and Margit Warburg, eds. (1998).
4494:. Lanham, Md. : Scarecrow Press.
3260:Methodological Innovations Online
2577:Galanter, Marc (Editor), (1989),
1995:"Why the Bruderhof is not a cult"
1764:Corder, Mike (10 February 2008).
1644:Fisher, Jonah (16 January 2010).
942:devoted to television shows like
332:of Japan, bringing about greater
11333:
11324:
11323:
11137:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
10279:Democratic Republic of the Congo
6196:Journal of Contemporary Religion
4978:New Religions and the New Europe
4914:, New York: Seabury Press, 1981.
4835:, New York: Paragon House, 1985.
4800:New Religions as Global Cultures
4798:Hexham, Irving and Karla Poewe,
4554:from the original on 2023-03-31.
4403:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2006.00008.x
3883:
3874:
3851:
3751:
3655:
3380:
3359:
3288:
3247:
3015:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2006.00008.x
2744:Teaching New Religious Movements
2581:American Psychiatric Association
670:then brought up within the NRM.
370:, an NRM derived partially from
269:. The 1930s saw the rise of the
9739:Evolutionary origin of religion
5660:United Submitters International
4912:Understanding the New Religions
4882:. New York: St. Martin's Press.
4374:. London; New York: Continuum.
4325:from the original on 2021-06-24
4253:from the original on 2021-06-24
4172:Urantia: The Great Cult Mystery
4155:from the original on 2021-11-01
4116:. London; New York: Routledge.
4003:from the original on 2023-03-01
3430:from the original on 2015-01-05
3408:Affolter, Friedrich W. (2005).
2951:from the original on 2022-12-18
2928:
2768:from the original on 2021-11-07
2594:
2571:
2518:
2496:
2273:
2254:
2158:
2146:
2133:
2097:
2072:
2028:
2005:from the original on 2021-03-08
1986:
1910:
1897:
1847:
1834:
1823:from the original on 2020-08-04
1805:
1780:
1722:
1705:
1667:
1656:from the original on 2012-07-11
1637:
1626:from the original on 2015-09-29
1611:
1565:from the original on 2012-07-16
1547:
1501:from the original on 2009-12-20
1463:An Introduction to Confucianism
1224:List of new religious movements
664:
187:in Korea. It later ignited the
10095:Separation of church and state
8748:Polytheistic reconstructionism
6254:Christian countercult movement
6098:Polytheistic reconstructionism
5463:Prathyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha
5220:Chinese salvationist religions
4889:, Sydney: HarperCollins, 2003.
4412:"New Religious Movement (NRM)"
4102:. London; New York: Routledge.
2742:. In David G. Brohmley (ed.).
1491:Encyclopædia Britannica Online
1487:"Unity School of Christianity"
1429:
1412:
1188:Popular culture and news media
1084:Christian countercult movement
1078:Christian countercult movement
963:The term "new religions" is a
688:noted for his writings on the
435:began attempts to eradicate it
133:Christian countercult movement
13:
1:
7704:Traditional Sabahan religions
4631:(8th ed.). Detroit, Mi:
4625:; et al., eds. (2009) .
4603:(2nd ed.). Detroit, Mi:
3507:. p. 141. Archived from
3499:. In Smith, George D. (ed.).
1690:James R. Lewis (ed.) (1995),
1409:, pp. 621–623, Tenrikyo.
1259:
1212:Catholic Sociological Society
1021:
659:
505:
32:New religion (disambiguation)
6357:
5250:Church of the Guanche People
4024:. London: Cassell & Co.
3616:Ethan Gutmann (August 2014)
2261:Baha'i World Statistics 2001
1786:Seth Faison (27 April 1999)
1681:by Simon G. Smith pp. 84–102
1583:Ford, James Ishmael (2006).
1436:Harvey, Sarah (2020-09-24).
1264:
1098:Christian Research Institute
738:
7:
9948:National religiosity levels
9173:Nauruan Indigenous religion
8728:Hellenism (modern religion)
5670:Universal White Brotherhood
4787:Ferm, Vergilius Ture Anselm
4739:How to Respond to the Cults
3761:Journal of Church and State
3341:Eugene V. Gallagher, 2004,
3330:Hammer & Rothstein 2012
3302:Controversial New Religions
2908:Driedger & Wolfart 2018
2848:Hammer & Rothstein 2012
2818:Hammer & Rothstein 2012
2644:Hammer & Rothstein 2012
2547:Sipchen, Bob (1988-11-17).
2393:An Introduction to Hinduism
2361:Rochford, E. Burke (1985).
2067:Hammer & Rothstein 2012
2055:Hammer & Rothstein 2012
2023:Hammer & Rothstein 2012
1424:Driedger & Wolfart 2018
1217:
969:
837:Definitions and terminology
633:Manual of the Mother Church
565:
539:
462:In 2007, religious scholar
10:
11381:
9357:
5941:Menachem Mendel Schneerson
5926:Joseph Franklin Rutherford
5645:Unarius Academy of Science
4993:and Jamie Cresswell (eds)
4747:Concordia Publishing House
4689:Arweck, Elisabeth (2005).
4669:. In Lindsay Jones (ed.).
3900:
3495:Quinn, D. Michael (1992).
3305:(1st ed.). New York:
2280:The Life of Shoghi Effendi
1713:The Study of UFO Religions
1521:Buddhist-Christian Studies
1191:
1141:
1081:
1025:
893:Jewish religious movements
762:— Sociologist of religion
747:
729:
722:is a more useful concept.
696:
638:Universal House of Justice
510:Some NRMs venerate unique
259:African initiated churches
189:Donghak Peasant Revolution
139:
36:
29:
11319:
11238:
11155:
11027:
10772:
10497:
10214:
10210:
10199:
10108:
10033:
9804:
9712:
9649:
9367:
9363:
9352:
8915:
8902:
8827:
8650:
8632:Transcendental Meditation
8525:
8512:
8477:
8225:
8202:
8191:
8118:
8081:
7783:
7679:
7661:
7605:
7596:
7513:
7441:
7292:
7283:
7241:
7213:
7171:
7104:
7095:
7086:
7052:
7019:
6991:
6982:
6932:
6799:
6486:
6400:
6391:
6382:
6378:
6365:
6299:
6276:Persecution of Falun Gong
6239:
6172:
6146:
6010:
5994:
5846:Jorge Ángel Livraga Rizzi
5713:
5640:Twelve Tribes communities
5630:Transcendental Meditation
5061:
3710:(revised ed.), edited by
3597:New York Journal of Books
2079:Zeller, Benjamin (2010).
1747:The Sydney Morning Herald
1249:Religious trauma syndrome
1059:persecution of Falun Gong
976:
607:Leadership and succession
580:Order of the Solar Temple
118:Latter Day Saint movement
10264:Central African Republic
7251:Vietnamese folk religion
6642:Charismatic Christianity
6286:Persecution of Rastafari
6185:Anthropology of religion
6018:African-initiated church
5891:Phineas Parkhurst Quimby
5581:Shri Ram Chandra Mission
5270:The Family International
5240:Church of Divine Science
5193:Charismatic Christianity
4363:10.1525/nr.2007.10.4.103
4355:10.1525/nr.2007.10.4.103
3707:The Kingdom of the Cults
2738:Sablia, John A. (2007).
2039:The Message and the Book
1711:Sablia, John A. (2006).
1115:The Kingdom of the Cults
1107:evangelical Christianity
957:Buffy the Vampire Slayer
318:counterculture movements
301:in China. In the 1940s,
289:in Vietnam; the rise of
281:in Jamaica; the rise of
73:alternative spirituality
37:Not to be confused with
11360:New religious movements
10158:New religious movements
9791:Theories about religion
9744:Evolutionary psychology
8773:Modern Finnish paganism
6718:Independent Catholicism
6317:New religious movements
5771:Chinmayananda Saraswati
5557:Joy of Satan Ministries
5335:Kingdom of Jesus Christ
5156:Black Hebrew Israelites
5055:New religious movements
4843:Exploring New Religions
4417:Encyclopædia Britannica
3930:10.1525/nr.2005.9.1.093
3922:10.1525/nr.2005.9.1.093
3858:Barker, Eileen (2009).
3365:Gallagher, Eugene V.,
3307:Oxford University Press
3254:Barker, Eileen (2011).
2961:Diocese of Philadelphia
2363:Hare Krishna in America
1770:San Diego Union-Tribune
1677:. Routledge. Chapter 4
1495:Encyclopædia Britannica
1381:New Religious Movements
1210:(formerly the American
1100:was founded in 1960 by
831:Native American studies
587:hundred members of the
293:in Japan; and the rise
255:Nazareth Baptist Church
10807:Bosnia and Herzegovina
8788:Erzyan native religion
8637:Unitarian Universalism
8016:Native American Church
6762:Oneness Pentecostalism
6271:Persecution of Baháʼís
6266:Persecution of Ahmadis
6214:Psychology of religion
6209:Philosophy of religion
6078:Japanese new religions
6068:Hindu reform movements
6033:Christian denomination
4290:10.1525/nr.2004.8.1.73
4282:10.1525/nr.2004.8.1.73
4192:Gibson, Lynne (2002).
4149:10.1525/nr.2018.21.4.5
4061:10.1525/nr.2004.8.2.83
4053:10.1525/nr.2004.8.2.83
3994:10.1525/nr.2004.8.1.88
3986:10.1525/nr.2004.8.1.88
3702:Martin, Walter Ralston
3386:Gallagher, Eugene V.,
1855:Forum on Public Policy
1461:Yao, Xinzhong (2000).
1128:Unitarian Universalism
1055:persecution of Baháʼís
1037:
984:Japanese new religions
850:
759:
618:
486:
414:
152:
65:new religious movement
60:
18:New Religious Movement
11127:Saint Kitts and Nevis
10424:São Tomé and Príncipe
10284:Republic of the Congo
8485:Aboriginal Australian
7114:Chinese folk religion
6224:Sociology of religion
5936:Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar
5856:Maharishi Mahesh Yogi
5685:The Way International
5416:New Kadampa Tradition
5245:Church of Scientology
4899:Meldgaard, Helle and
4839:Chryssides, George D.
4704:10.4324/9780203642375
4698:. London: Routledge.
4633:Gale Cengage Learning
4510:Chryssides, George D.
4484:Chryssides, George D.
4370:Oliver, Paul (2012).
3891:Sociological Analysis
3273:10.4256/mio.2010.0026
2305:. Zondervan. p.
1844:(Verso, 2005), p. 41.
1749:. AFP. Archived from
1442:Religion Media Centre
1102:Walter Ralston Martin
1032:
932:Mary, mother of Jesus
909:humanistic psychology
881:Roman Catholic Church
863:Scholars of religion
844:
819:feminist spirituality
754:
686:forensic psychologist
644:, the founder of the
614:
481:
474:Beliefs and practices
408:
396:Maharishi Mahesh Yogi
357:extraterrestrial life
328:, which had been the
305:began to outline the
147:
47:
10749:United Arab Emirates
9535:Religious experience
8909:Historical religions
7869:Four Mothers Society
7271:Đạo Bửu Sơn Kỳ Hương
6603:Schwenkfelder Church
6113:Religious syncretism
6108:Religious conversion
6093:Open-source religion
5921:Charles Taze Russell
5736:Herbert W. Armstrong
5623:Theosophical Society
5401:New Apostolic Church
4983:Trompf, G. W. (ed.)
4976:Towler, Robert (ed)
4663:Wessinger, Catherine
3860:"What Makes a Cult?"
3773:10.1093/jcs/46.3.663
3541:on November 10, 2009
3193:History of Religions
2389:Flood, G.D. (1996).
1842:The Information Bomb
1126:, the Baháʼí Faith,
905:personal development
744:Academic scholarship
589:Holy Spirit Movement
386:founded the atheist
240:Anagarika Dharmapala
218:, Baháʼí Faith, and
11142:Trinidad and Tobago
11037:Antigua and Barbuda
10205:Religion by country
9261:Cult of Magna Mater
7741:Philippine Dayawism
7322:Nimbarka Sampradaya
7070:Chinese Manichaeism
6742:Jehovah's Witnesses
6547:Proto-Protestantism
6230:When Prophecy Fails
6190:History of religion
6133:Spiritual evolution
6103:Prosperity theology
6073:In-group favoritism
6043:Conspiracy theories
5731:Marshall Applewhite
5483:Ramakrishna Mission
5151:Jehovah's Witnesses
4831:Stark, Rodney (ed)
4743:The Response Series
3893:1988, 49, 2:171–183
3741:The Free Lance-Star
3677:, pp. 104–105.
2299:Ron Rhodes (2001).
1591:Wisdom Publications
1244:Religious pluralism
1239:History of religion
1150:psychological abuse
1015:Catherine Wessinger
1007:James T. Richardson
934:may be termed the "
885:ecumenical movement
805:, and is therefore
423:revolutions of 1989
334:freedom of religion
275:Jehovah's Witnesses
224:Henry Harris Jessup
210:In 1893, the first
11077:Dominican Republic
10123:Abrahamic prophets
9212:Proto-Indo-Iranian
7714:Aliran Kepercayaan
6917:Non-denominational
6839:Modernist Salafism
6525:Oriental Orthodoxy
6312:In popular culture
6249:Anti-cult movement
6023:Buddhist modernism
5961:Emanuel Swedenborg
5956:Nirmala Srivastava
5721:Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
5675:Vipassana movement
5650:Unification Church
5635:True Buddha School
5576:Shambhala Buddhism
5547:The Satanic Temple
5468:The Process Church
5354:Maha Bodhi Society
5325:Invitation to Life
5305:Humanistic Judaism
4764:Beckford, James A.
4745:. St. Louis, Mo.:
4123:9-78-0-415-26707-6
3663:The Chaos of Cults
3643:2017-07-07 at the
3623:2016-03-02 at the
3603:2015-10-19 at the
3563:(25 August 2014).
3503:. Salt Lake City:
3464:2017-12-08 at the
2788:, pp. vii–ix.
2285:2010-09-19 at the
2266:2007-10-17 at the
1922:2016-12-04 at the
1800:The New York Times
1793:2018-03-20 at the
1753:on 29 August 2010.
1350:, pp. 6, 143.
1174:suspended sentence
1144:Anti-cult movement
1138:Anti-cult movement
1090:The Chaos of Cults
851:
718:, suggesting that
619:
544:Some NRMs promote
487:
457:The New York Times
415:
345:Unification Church
279:Rastafari movement
238:Buddhist preacher
197:Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
191:in 1894. In 1889,
175:in 1863. In 1860,
153:
129:anti-cult movement
61:
55:on the streets of
11347:
11346:
11315:
11314:
11311:
11310:
10299:Equatorial Guinea
10195:
10194:
10191:
10190:
9729:Cognitive science
9348:
9347:
9281:Mysteries of Isis
9055:Frankish paganism
8898:
8897:
8894:
8893:
8890:
8889:
8642:White Brotherhood
8508:
8507:
8473:
8472:
7874:Keetoowah Society
7775:Sundanese Wiwitan
7592:
7591:
7588:
7587:
7317:Brahma Sampradaya
7279:
7278:
7082:
7081:
7078:
7077:
7060:Assianism/Uatsdin
6978:
6977:
6747:British Israelism
6733:Nontrinitarianism
6696:Plymouth Brethren
6691:Nondenominational
6625:Congregationalism
6513:Eastern Orthodoxy
6461:Reconstructionist
6325:
6324:
6219:Religious studies
6053:Cybersectarianism
6028:Chabad messianism
6002:Pacific Northwest
5986:Poykayil Yohannan
5801:Josemaría Escrivá
5680:Eastern Lightning
5478:Rajneesh movement
5426:Religious Science
5359:Messianic Judaism
5345:Latter Day Saints
5310:Iglesia ni Cristo
5235:Christian Science
5095:Aetherius Society
4948:Stein, Stephen J.
4943:978-3-643-90152-1
4869:Jenkins, Philip,
4818:het Boekencentrum
4782:978-0-7007-1185-7
4642:978-0-787-69696-2
4623:Melton, J. Gordon
4593:Melton, J. Gordon
4569:Melton, J. Gordon
4547:978-0-19-046617-6
4523:978-0-8108-5588-5
4501:978-0-8108-4095-9
4462:Barrett, David B.
4381:978-1-4411-0197-6
4266:Melton, J. Gordon
4222:978-0-521-14565-7
4203:978-0-435-33619-6
4185:978-1-59102-622-8
4083:978-0-521-14565-7
4031:978-0-304-35592-1
4016:Barrett, David V.
3953:978-0-11-340927-3
3800:, pp. 45–46.
3661:J.K. van Baalen,
3524:, pp. 43–44.
3396:978-0-313-32807-7
3375:978-0-313-32807-7
3316:978-0-19-515682-9
3117:, pp. 21–22.
3042:, pp. 14–15.
2761:978-0-19-978553-7
2658:, pp. 18–19.
2568:, pp. 25–26.
2554:Los Angeles Times
2537:978-0-88738-800-2
2514:978-0-7658-0478-5
2493:, pp. 55–56.
2440:, pp. 11–12.
2408:978-0-521-43878-0
2372:978-0-8135-1114-6
2344:978-0-941532-57-0
2316:978-0-310-23217-9
2239:, pp. 58–60.
2090:978-0-8147-9721-1
1932:, August 28, 2006
1604:978-0-86171-509-1
1559:bahai-library.com
1472:978-0-521-64430-3
1426:, pp. 5–12).
1420:George Chryssides
1161:and then used by
1132:Eastern religions
858:George Chryssides
847:Rainbow Gathering
811:social scientists
807:interdisciplinary
792:religious studies
442:cybersectarianism
392:the Beatles visit
349:Aetherius Society
261:, was founded by
220:Christian Science
183:, was founded by
71:), also known as
16:(Redirected from
11372:
11337:
11327:
11326:
11205:Papua New Guinea
11180:Marshall Islands
11007:Northern Ireland
10212:
10211:
10201:
10200:
10085:Secular theology
10080:Secular humanism
9365:
9364:
9354:
9353:
9229:Ancestral Pueblo
8904:
8903:
8523:
8522:
8200:
8199:
7603:
7602:
7359:Shaiva Siddhanta
7290:
7289:
7223:Korean shamanism
7102:
7101:
7093:
7092:
6989:
6988:
6902:Mahdawi movement
6772:Swedenborgianism
6752:Christadelphians
6398:
6397:
6389:
6388:
6380:
6379:
6367:
6366:
6352:
6345:
6338:
6329:
6328:
6147:Public education
5946:Shiv Dayal Singh
5811:Charles Fillmore
5791:Aleister Crowley
5781:Helena Blavatsky
5493:Risshō Kōsei Kai
5458:Pilgrims of Arès
5438:Nuwaubian Nation
5411:New Confucianism
5230:Christadelphians
5225:Chinmaya Mission
5166:Branch Davidians
5105:Lahore Ahmadiyya
5048:
5041:
5034:
5025:
5024:
4901:Johannes Aagaard
4774:Clarke, Peter B.
4737:Beck, Hubert F.
4717:
4697:
4678:
4675:Encyclopedia.com
4646:
4618:
4602:
4588:
4555:
4527:
4505:
4493:
4479:
4443:
4422:
4406:
4385:
4366:
4340:
4333:
4331:
4330:
4300:
4293:
4261:
4259:
4258:
4226:
4207:
4188:
4176:Prometheus Books
4163:
4161:
4160:
4127:
4108:Clarke, Peter B.
4103:
4101:
4092:Clarke, Peter B.
4087:
4071:
4064:
4035:
4011:
4009:
4008:
4002:
3971:
3964:
3957:
3933:
3894:
3887:
3881:
3878:
3872:
3871:
3866:. Archived from
3855:
3849:
3843:
3837:
3831:
3825:
3819:
3813:
3807:
3801:
3795:
3789:
3783:
3777:
3776:
3755:
3749:
3736:
3727:
3699:
3693:
3687:
3678:
3672:
3666:
3659:
3653:
3650:The Toronto Star
3634:
3628:
3614:
3608:
3589:
3583:
3582:
3577:. Archived from
3557:
3551:
3550:
3548:
3546:
3531:
3525:
3519:
3513:
3512:
3492:
3486:
3480:
3469:
3448:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3435:
3429:
3414:
3405:
3399:
3384:
3378:
3363:
3357:
3339:
3333:
3327:
3321:
3320:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3275:
3251:
3245:
3235:
3229:
3223:
3217:
3216:
3199:(2–3): 205–220.
3188:
3182:
3176:
3170:
3160:
3154:
3148:
3142:
3136:
3130:
3124:
3118:
3112:
3106:
3100:
3094:
3088:
3079:
3073:
3067:
3061:
3055:
3049:
3043:
3037:
3031:
3025:
3019:
3018:
2998:
2989:
2983:
2977:
2971:
2965:
2964:
2958:
2956:
2950:
2943:
2932:
2926:
2920:
2911:
2910:, pp. 5–12.
2905:
2899:
2893:
2887:
2881:
2875:
2869:
2863:
2857:
2851:
2845:
2836:
2830:
2821:
2811:
2805:
2795:
2789:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2735:
2729:
2719:
2713:
2707:
2701:
2695:
2689:
2683:
2674:
2668:
2659:
2653:
2647:
2641:
2632:
2626:
2620:
2614:
2605:
2598:
2592:
2575:
2569:
2563:
2557:
2545:
2539:
2522:
2516:
2503:Dawson, Lorne L.
2500:
2494:
2488:
2482:
2476:
2470:
2464:
2453:
2447:
2441:
2435:
2429:
2423:
2417:
2416:
2396:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2358:
2352:
2351:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2296:
2290:
2277:
2271:
2258:
2252:
2246:
2240:
2234:
2228:
2222:
2213:
2207:
2201:
2195:
2189:
2183:
2177:
2171:
2165:
2162:
2156:
2150:
2144:
2141:David G. Bromley
2137:
2131:
2125:
2119:
2113:
2107:
2101:
2095:
2094:
2076:
2070:
2064:
2058:
2052:
2046:
2032:
2026:
2020:
2014:
2013:
2011:
2010:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1969:
1963:
1957:
1951:
1945:
1939:
1933:
1914:
1908:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1888:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1871:
1865:. Archived from
1864:
1851:
1845:
1838:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1809:
1803:
1784:
1778:
1777:
1776:on 17 July 2011.
1761:
1755:
1754:
1738:
1732:
1726:
1720:
1709:
1703:
1688:
1682:
1671:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1661:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1570:
1551:
1545:
1544:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1506:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1458:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1433:
1427:
1416:
1410:
1404:
1395:
1374:
1351:
1345:
1339:
1333:
1322:
1316:
1310:
1290:
1284:
1278:
1163:Robert J. Lifton
1041:
981:
979:
978:
972:
869:Mikael Rothstein
827:Africana studies
766:
764:David G. Bromley
525:The Urantia Book
494:David V. Barrett
453:J. Gordon Melton
446:Sabina Magliocco
322:Shinto Directive
199:. In 1891, the
48:A member of the
21:
11380:
11379:
11375:
11374:
11373:
11371:
11370:
11369:
11350:
11349:
11348:
11343:
11307:
11234:
11215:Solomon Islands
11151:
11023:
10927:North Macedonia
10768:
10493:
10206:
10187:
10148:Mass gatherings
10116:
10111:
10104:
10043:
10038:
10029:
9963:Religiocentrism
9943:National church
9811:
9808:
9800:
9715:
9708:
9645:
9567:Bodies of water
9359:
9344:
9129:Jamaican Maroon
8911:
8886:
8823:
8653:
8646:
8517:
8515:
8504:
8469:
8443:Trinidad Orisha
8228:
8221:
8194:
8187:
8114:
8077:
8063:Washat Dreamers
7786:
7779:
7675:
7657:
7584:
7558:Srilankan Vedda
7509:
7437:
7312:Sri Vaishnavism
7275:
7237:
7209:
7167:
7074:
7048:
7015:
6974:
6928:
6853:Twelver Shi'ism
6795:
6657:Neo-charismatic
6630:Presbyterianism
6482:
6374:
6361:
6356:
6326:
6321:
6295:
6235:
6168:
6142:
6006:
5990:
5976:Chögyam Trungpa
5971:Joseph W. Tkach
5876:Elijah Muhammad
5806:Louis Farrakhan
5796:Mary Baker Eddy
5756:Sathya Sai Baba
5714:Notable figures
5709:
5566:Sathya Sai Baba
5535:Church of Satan
5391:Nation of Islam
5364:Modern paganism
5213:Neo-charismatic
5057:
5052:
5005:
5000:
4928:Saliba, John A.
4885:Kohn, Rachael,
4714:
4695:
4658:. Oxford: Lion.
4643:
4615:
4585:
4548:
4532:Lewis, James R.
4524:
4502:
4476:
4451:
4449:Further reading
4446:
4382:
4338:
4328:
4326:
4319:
4298:
4256:
4254:
4247:
4231:Lewis, James R.
4223:
4204:
4186:
4168:Gardner, Martin
4158:
4156:
4124:
4110:, ed. (2006b).
4084:
4069:
4032:
4006:
4004:
4000:
3969:
3965: (2004).
3962:
3954:
3903:
3898:
3897:
3888:
3884:
3879:
3875:
3856:
3852:
3844:
3840:
3832:
3828:
3820:
3816:
3808:
3804:
3796:
3792:
3784:
3780:
3756:
3752:
3737:
3730:
3700:
3696:
3688:
3681:
3673:
3669:
3660:
3656:
3645:Wayback Machine
3635:
3631:
3625:Wayback Machine
3615:
3611:
3605:Wayback Machine
3590:
3586:
3574:National Review
3561:Nordlinger, Jay
3558:
3554:
3544:
3542:
3533:
3532:
3528:
3520:
3516:
3505:Signature Books
3493:
3489:
3481:
3472:
3466:Wayback Machine
3449:
3442:
3433:
3431:
3427:
3412:
3406:
3402:
3385:
3381:
3364:
3360:
3347:Greenwood Press
3340:
3336:
3328:
3324:
3317:
3297:Lewis, James R.
3293:
3289:
3252:
3248:
3236:
3232:
3224:
3220:
3189:
3185:
3177:
3173:
3161:
3157:
3149:
3145:
3137:
3133:
3125:
3121:
3113:
3109:
3101:
3097:
3089:
3082:
3074:
3070:
3062:
3058:
3050:
3046:
3038:
3034:
3026:
3022:
2999:
2992:
2986:Rubinstein 2023
2984:
2980:
2972:
2968:
2954:
2952:
2948:
2941:
2933:
2929:
2921:
2914:
2906:
2902:
2894:
2890:
2882:
2878:
2870:
2866:
2858:
2854:
2846:
2839:
2831:
2824:
2812:
2808:
2796:
2792:
2784:
2780:
2771:
2769:
2762:
2736:
2732:
2720:
2716:
2708:
2704:
2696:
2692:
2684:
2677:
2669:
2662:
2654:
2650:
2642:
2635:
2627:
2623:
2615:
2608:
2599:
2595:
2576:
2572:
2564:
2560:
2546:
2542:
2525:Robbins, Thomas
2523:
2519:
2501:
2497:
2489:
2485:
2477:
2473:
2465:
2456:
2448:
2444:
2436:
2432:
2424:
2420:
2409:
2387:
2383:
2373:
2359:
2355:
2345:
2331:
2327:
2317:
2297:
2293:
2287:Wayback Machine
2278:
2274:
2268:Wayback Machine
2259:
2255:
2247:
2243:
2235:
2231:
2223:
2216:
2208:
2204:
2196:
2192:
2184:
2180:
2172:
2168:
2163:
2159:
2151:
2147:
2138:
2134:
2126:
2122:
2114:
2110:
2102:
2098:
2091:
2077:
2073:
2065:
2061:
2053:
2049:
2033:
2029:
2021:
2017:
2008:
2006:
1991:
1987:
1979:
1972:
1964:
1960:
1952:
1948:
1940:
1936:
1924:Wayback Machine
1915:
1911:
1902:
1898:
1882:
1881:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1862:
1860:"Archived copy"
1858:
1852:
1848:
1839:
1835:
1826:
1824:
1817:thediplomat.com
1811:
1810:
1806:
1795:Wayback Machine
1785:
1781:
1762:
1758:
1739:
1735:
1731:, pp. 4, 6
1727:
1723:
1710:
1706:
1689:
1685:
1672:
1668:
1659:
1657:
1642:
1638:
1629:
1627:
1616:
1612:
1605:
1586:Zen Master Who?
1581:
1577:
1568:
1566:
1553:
1552:
1548:
1533:10.2307/1390252
1517:
1513:
1504:
1502:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1473:
1459:
1455:
1446:
1444:
1434:
1430:
1417:
1413:
1405:
1398:
1375:
1354:
1346:
1342:
1334:
1325:
1321:, pp. 5–6.
1317:
1313:
1291:
1287:
1279:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1220:
1196:
1190:
1146:
1140:
1086:
1080:
1043:
1039:
1030:
1024:
988:Jacob Needleman
973:
924:Ernst Troeltsch
849:in Bosnia, 2007
839:
823:women's studies
768:
761:
752:
746:
741:
732:
699:
667:
662:
627:Mary Baker Eddy
616:Mary Baker Eddy
609:
568:
559:rite of passage
542:
508:
476:
388:Church of Satan
374:. In 1966, the
271:Nation of Islam
248:Virchand Gandhi
171:was founded by
142:
120:in 1830 and of
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
11378:
11368:
11367:
11362:
11345:
11344:
11342:
11341:
11331:
11320:
11317:
11316:
11313:
11312:
11309:
11308:
11306:
11305:
11300:
11295:
11290:
11285:
11280:
11275:
11270:
11265:
11260:
11255:
11250:
11244:
11242:
11236:
11235:
11233:
11232:
11227:
11222:
11217:
11212:
11207:
11202:
11197:
11192:
11187:
11182:
11177:
11172:
11167:
11161:
11159:
11153:
11152:
11150:
11149:
11144:
11139:
11134:
11129:
11124:
11119:
11114:
11109:
11104:
11099:
11094:
11089:
11084:
11079:
11074:
11069:
11064:
11059:
11054:
11049:
11044:
11039:
11033:
11031:
11025:
11024:
11022:
11021:
11020:
11019:
11014:
11009:
11004:
10997:United Kingdom
10994:
10989:
10984:
10979:
10974:
10969:
10964:
10959:
10954:
10949:
10944:
10939:
10934:
10929:
10924:
10919:
10914:
10909:
10904:
10899:
10894:
10889:
10884:
10879:
10874:
10869:
10864:
10859:
10854:
10849:
10844:
10839:
10834:
10829:
10824:
10819:
10814:
10809:
10804:
10799:
10794:
10789:
10784:
10778:
10776:
10770:
10769:
10767:
10766:
10761:
10756:
10751:
10746:
10741:
10736:
10731:
10726:
10721:
10716:
10711:
10706:
10701:
10696:
10691:
10686:
10681:
10676:
10671:
10666:
10661:
10656:
10651:
10646:
10641:
10636:
10631:
10626:
10625:
10624:
10619:
10609:
10604:
10599:
10594:
10589:
10584:
10579:
10574:
10569:
10564:
10559:
10554:
10549:
10544:
10539:
10534:
10529:
10524:
10519:
10514:
10509:
10503:
10501:
10495:
10494:
10492:
10491:
10486:
10481:
10476:
10471:
10466:
10461:
10456:
10451:
10446:
10441:
10436:
10431:
10426:
10421:
10416:
10411:
10406:
10401:
10396:
10391:
10386:
10381:
10376:
10371:
10366:
10361:
10356:
10351:
10346:
10341:
10336:
10331:
10326:
10321:
10316:
10311:
10306:
10301:
10296:
10291:
10286:
10281:
10276:
10271:
10266:
10261:
10256:
10251:
10246:
10241:
10236:
10231:
10226:
10220:
10218:
10208:
10207:
10197:
10196:
10193:
10192:
10189:
10188:
10186:
10185:
10180:
10175:
10170:
10165:
10160:
10155:
10150:
10145:
10140:
10135:
10130:
10125:
10119:
10117:
10109:
10106:
10105:
10103:
10102:
10097:
10092:
10090:Secularization
10087:
10082:
10077:
10072:
10070:Deconstruction
10067:
10062:
10057:
10052:
10046:
10044:
10034:
10031:
10030:
10028:
10027:
10022:
10021:
10020:
10015:
10010:
10005:
9995:
9990:
9985:
9980:
9975:
9970:
9965:
9960:
9955:
9950:
9945:
9940:
9935:
9930:
9925:
9920:
9918:Fundamentalism
9915:
9914:
9913:
9908:
9903:
9898:
9888:
9883:
9878:
9873:
9872:
9871:
9866:
9861:
9851:
9850:
9849:
9844:
9839:
9825:
9820:
9814:
9812:
9805:
9802:
9801:
9799:
9798:
9793:
9788:
9783:
9782:
9781:
9771:
9766:
9761:
9756:
9751:
9746:
9741:
9736:
9731:
9726:
9720:
9718:
9710:
9709:
9707:
9706:
9701:
9696:
9691:
9686:
9681:
9676:
9671:
9666:
9661:
9655:
9653:
9647:
9646:
9644:
9643:
9642:
9641:
9636:
9631:
9621:
9616:
9611:
9606:
9601:
9596:
9591:
9586:
9585:
9584:
9579:
9574:
9569:
9559:
9558:
9557:
9552:
9547:
9537:
9532:
9527:
9522:
9517:
9512:
9507:
9502:
9497:
9492:
9491:
9490:
9485:
9480:
9470:
9465:
9460:
9455:
9450:
9445:
9440:
9435:
9430:
9425:
9420:
9415:
9410:
9405:
9396:
9394:Call to prayer
9391:
9386:
9381:
9379:Disaffiliation
9371:
9369:
9361:
9360:
9350:
9349:
9346:
9345:
9343:
9342:
9337:
9332:
9327:
9322:
9317:
9312:
9307:
9306:
9305:
9300:
9295:
9285:
9284:
9283:
9278:
9273:
9268:
9263:
9253:
9248:
9247:
9246:
9241:
9236:
9226:
9225:
9224:
9219:
9209:
9208:
9207:
9202:
9197:
9192:
9182:
9177:
9176:
9175:
9165:
9164:
9163:
9158:
9148:
9143:
9142:
9141:
9131:
9126:
9121:
9116:
9111:
9106:
9101:
9096:
9095:
9094:
9089:
9084:
9079:
9077:Greco-Buddhism
9074:
9064:
9063:
9062:
9057:
9052:
9047:
9037:
9032:
9031:
9030:
9020:
9015:
9010:
9009:
9008:
8998:
8993:
8988:
8987:
8986:
8981:
8971:
8966:
8965:
8964:
8959:
8954:
8944:
8939:
8934:
8929:
8928:
8927:
8916:
8913:
8912:
8900:
8899:
8896:
8895:
8892:
8891:
8888:
8887:
8885:
8884:
8883:
8882:
8872:
8867:
8862:
8857:
8852:
8847:
8842:
8837:
8831:
8829:
8825:
8824:
8822:
8821:
8820:
8819:
8807:
8802:
8801:
8800:
8795:
8790:
8785:
8780:
8775:
8770:
8760:
8755:
8750:
8745:
8740:
8735:
8730:
8725:
8720:
8719:
8718:
8708:
8707:
8706:
8701:
8691:
8690:
8689:
8684:
8674:
8669:
8668:
8667:
8658:
8656:
8648:
8647:
8645:
8644:
8639:
8634:
8629:
8628:
8627:
8622:
8612:
8607:
8602:
8597:
8592:
8591:
8590:
8580:
8575:
8570:
8565:
8560:
8555:
8550:
8545:
8540:
8535:
8529:
8527:
8520:
8510:
8509:
8506:
8505:
8503:
8502:
8497:
8492:
8487:
8481:
8479:
8475:
8474:
8471:
8470:
8468:
8467:
8466:
8465:
8460:
8455:
8450:
8445:
8440:
8438:Tambor de Mina
8435:
8430:
8425:
8420:
8415:
8410:
8405:
8400:
8395:
8394:
8393:
8388:
8383:
8364:
8363:
8362:
8361:
8351:
8346:
8341:
8336:
8331:
8326:
8321:
8316:
8311:
8306:
8301:
8296:
8291:
8286:
8281:
8276:
8271:
8266:
8265:
8264:
8259:
8249:
8244:
8239:
8233:
8231:
8223:
8222:
8220:
8219:
8218:
8217:
8215:Guanche church
8206:
8204:
8197:
8189:
8188:
8186:
8185:
8180:
8175:
8170:
8165:
8160:
8155:
8150:
8145:
8140:
8135:
8130:
8124:
8122:
8120:Tibeto-Burmese
8116:
8115:
8113:
8112:
8107:
8102:
8097:
8091:
8089:
8079:
8078:
8076:
8075:
8070:
8065:
8060:
8055:
8050:
8049:
8048:
8043:
8033:
8028:
8026:Nuu-chah-nulth
8023:
8018:
8013:
8008:
8007:
8006:
8001:
7996:
7991:
7981:
7976:
7971:
7970:
7969:
7959:
7954:
7949:
7948:
7947:
7942:
7937:
7935:Muscogee Creek
7932:
7927:
7917:
7912:
7907:
7902:
7893:
7888:
7883:
7878:
7877:
7876:
7871:
7861:
7860:
7859:
7854:
7849:
7844:
7834:
7829:
7824:
7823:
7822:
7817:
7812:
7802:
7797:
7791:
7789:
7781:
7780:
7778:
7777:
7772:
7770:Sumbese Marapu
7767:
7766:
7765:
7760:
7750:
7749:
7748:
7738:
7733:
7728:
7723:
7722:
7721:
7716:
7708:
7707:
7706:
7701:
7691:
7689:Batak Parmalim
7685:
7683:
7677:
7676:
7674:
7673:
7667:
7665:
7659:
7658:
7656:
7655:
7654:
7653:
7648:
7638:
7637:
7636:
7631:
7626:
7611:
7609:
7600:
7594:
7593:
7590:
7589:
7586:
7585:
7583:
7582:
7581:
7580:
7575:
7565:
7560:
7555:
7550:
7545:
7544:
7543:
7538:
7528:
7523:
7517:
7515:
7511:
7510:
7508:
7507:
7500:
7495:
7494:
7493:
7483:
7482:
7481:
7476:
7471:
7453:
7447:
7445:
7439:
7438:
7436:
7435:
7428:
7423:
7418:
7413:
7408:
7403:
7398:
7397:
7396:
7391:
7386:
7381:
7376:
7371:
7366:
7361:
7351:
7350:
7349:
7344:
7339:
7334:
7329:
7324:
7319:
7314:
7309:
7298:
7296:
7287:
7281:
7280:
7277:
7276:
7274:
7273:
7268:
7263:
7258:
7253:
7247:
7245:
7239:
7238:
7236:
7235:
7230:
7225:
7219:
7217:
7211:
7210:
7208:
7207:
7202:
7197:
7192:
7191:
7190:
7177:
7175:
7169:
7168:
7166:
7165:
7164:
7163:
7158:
7148:
7147:
7146:
7141:
7131:
7126:
7121:
7116:
7110:
7108:
7099:
7090:
7084:
7083:
7080:
7079:
7076:
7075:
7073:
7072:
7067:
7062:
7056:
7054:
7050:
7049:
7047:
7046:
7041:
7036:
7031:
7025:
7023:
7017:
7016:
7014:
7013:
7008:
7003:
7001:Ilm-e-Khshnoom
6997:
6995:
6986:
6980:
6979:
6976:
6975:
6973:
6972:
6967:
6962:
6957:
6952:
6947:
6942:
6936:
6934:
6930:
6929:
6927:
6926:
6919:
6914:
6909:
6904:
6899:
6894:
6889:
6888:
6887:
6877:
6872:
6871:
6870:
6865:
6860:
6855:
6845:
6844:
6843:
6842:
6841:
6836:
6826:
6821:
6816:
6805:
6803:
6797:
6796:
6794:
6793:
6786:
6785:
6784:
6779:
6774:
6769:
6764:
6759:
6754:
6749:
6744:
6738:Bible Students
6730:
6725:
6720:
6715:
6710:
6708:Restorationism
6705:
6704:
6703:
6698:
6693:
6688:
6687:
6686:
6676:
6671:
6666:
6664:Evangelicalism
6661:
6660:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6639:
6638:
6637:
6632:
6627:
6617:
6612:
6607:
6606:
6605:
6600:
6595:
6590:
6585:
6575:
6565:
6564:
6563:
6558:
6544:
6543:
6542:
6537:
6527:
6522:
6521:
6520:
6510:
6509:
6508:
6503:
6492:
6490:
6484:
6483:
6481:
6480:
6473:
6468:
6463:
6458:
6453:
6448:
6443:
6438:
6437:
6436:
6435:
6434:
6424:
6423:
6422:
6406:
6404:
6395:
6386:
6376:
6375:
6363:
6362:
6355:
6354:
6347:
6340:
6332:
6323:
6322:
6320:
6319:
6314:
6309:
6307:Academic study
6303:
6301:
6297:
6296:
6294:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6273:
6268:
6263:
6261:Anti-Mormonism
6258:
6257:
6256:
6245:
6243:
6237:
6236:
6234:
6233:
6226:
6221:
6216:
6211:
6206:
6199:
6192:
6187:
6182:
6176:
6174:
6170:
6169:
6167:
6166:
6161:
6156:
6150:
6148:
6144:
6143:
6141:
6140:
6135:
6130:
6125:
6120:
6115:
6110:
6105:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6020:
6014:
6012:
6008:
6007:
6005:
6004:
5998:
5996:
5992:
5991:
5989:
5988:
5983:
5981:Ellen G. White
5978:
5973:
5968:
5966:Rudolf Steiner
5963:
5958:
5953:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5931:Ahn Sahng-hong
5928:
5923:
5918:
5916:Helena Roerich
5913:
5908:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5871:Sun Myung Moon
5868:
5863:
5858:
5853:
5848:
5843:
5838:
5833:
5828:
5826:L. Ron Hubbard
5823:
5818:
5816:Kelsang Gyatso
5813:
5808:
5803:
5798:
5793:
5788:
5783:
5778:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5726:Noble Drew Ali
5723:
5717:
5715:
5711:
5710:
5708:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5626:
5625:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5603:Sukyo Mahikari
5600:
5599:
5598:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5568:
5563:
5562:
5561:
5560:
5559:
5549:
5544:
5543:
5542:
5537:
5522:
5517:
5512:
5511:
5510:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5453:Peoples Temple
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5434:
5433:
5428:
5418:
5413:
5408:
5406:The New Church
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5382:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5342:
5337:
5332:
5330:Jewish Renewal
5327:
5322:
5317:
5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5275:Friends of Man
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5216:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5190:
5189:
5188:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5161:Brahma Kumaris
5158:
5153:
5147:Bible Students
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5108:
5107:
5097:
5092:
5091:
5090:
5085:
5075:
5065:
5063:
5059:
5058:
5051:
5050:
5043:
5036:
5028:
5022:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5004:
5003:External links
5001:
4999:
4998:
4988:
4981:
4974:
4967:
4964:
4945:
4935:
4925:
4915:
4908:
4897:
4890:
4883:
4874:
4867:
4853:
4846:
4836:
4829:
4810:
4803:
4796:
4784:
4771:
4761:
4749:, 1977. 40 p.
4735:
4728:Barker, Eileen
4725:
4718:
4712:
4685:
4684:
4680:
4679:
4659:
4652:
4641:
4619:
4613:
4589:
4583:
4565:
4556:
4546:
4528:
4522:
4506:
4500:
4480:
4474:
4457:
4456:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4434:(4): 515–524.
4423:
4407:
4386:
4380:
4367:
4349:(4): 103–112.
4334:
4317:
4303:James R. Lewis
4294:
4262:
4245:
4227:
4221:
4208:
4202:
4189:
4184:
4164:
4128:
4122:
4104:
4088:
4082:
4065:
4036:
4030:
4012:
3958:
3952:
3938:Barker, Eileen
3934:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3895:
3882:
3873:
3870:on 2017-07-10.
3850:
3848:, p. 108.
3838:
3826:
3814:
3802:
3790:
3778:
3750:
3728:
3694:
3679:
3667:
3654:
3629:
3609:
3584:
3581:on 2017-06-07.
3552:
3526:
3514:
3511:on 2010-05-27.
3487:
3470:
3440:
3400:
3379:
3358:
3334:
3322:
3315:
3287:
3246:
3240:, p. 24;
3230:
3218:
3205:10.1086/524210
3183:
3171:
3155:
3143:
3131:
3119:
3107:
3095:
3080:
3068:
3056:
3044:
3032:
3020:
2990:
2978:
2966:
2944:. p. 12.
2927:
2912:
2900:
2888:
2876:
2864:
2852:
2837:
2822:
2816:, p. 13;
2806:
2790:
2778:
2760:
2730:
2724:, p. 83;
2714:
2702:
2690:
2675:
2660:
2648:
2633:
2621:
2606:
2604:, 35, 285–303.
2593:
2570:
2558:
2540:
2517:
2495:
2483:
2471:
2454:
2442:
2430:
2418:
2407:
2381:
2371:
2353:
2343:
2325:
2315:
2291:
2272:
2253:
2241:
2229:
2214:
2202:
2190:
2178:
2166:
2157:
2145:
2132:
2120:
2108:
2096:
2089:
2071:
2059:
2047:
2043:Atlantic Books
2027:
2015:
1993:Bryan Wilson.
1985:
1970:
1958:
1946:
1934:
1929:New York Times
1909:
1896:
1857:(Summer 2009)
1846:
1833:
1804:
1779:
1756:
1733:
1721:
1704:
1683:
1666:
1636:
1610:
1603:
1575:
1546:
1511:
1478:
1471:
1453:
1428:
1411:
1396:
1377:Elijah Siegler
1352:
1340:
1323:
1311:
1285:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1219:
1216:
1192:Main article:
1189:
1186:
1142:Main article:
1139:
1136:
1082:Main article:
1079:
1076:
1047:Anti-Mormonism
1031:
1026:Main article:
1023:
1020:
1011:Timothy Miller
897:Reform Judaism
838:
835:
753:
748:Main article:
745:
742:
740:
737:
731:
728:
698:
695:
666:
663:
661:
658:
608:
605:
572:Peoples Temple
567:
564:
541:
538:
507:
504:
475:
472:
464:Elijah Siegler
364:Paul Twitchell
330:state religion
303:Gerald Gardner
141:
138:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11377:
11366:
11363:
11361:
11358:
11357:
11355:
11340:
11336:
11332:
11330:
11322:
11321:
11318:
11304:
11301:
11299:
11296:
11294:
11291:
11289:
11286:
11284:
11281:
11279:
11276:
11274:
11271:
11269:
11266:
11264:
11261:
11259:
11256:
11254:
11251:
11249:
11246:
11245:
11243:
11241:
11240:South America
11237:
11231:
11228:
11226:
11223:
11221:
11218:
11216:
11213:
11211:
11208:
11206:
11203:
11201:
11198:
11196:
11193:
11191:
11188:
11186:
11183:
11181:
11178:
11176:
11173:
11171:
11168:
11166:
11163:
11162:
11160:
11158:
11154:
11148:
11147:United States
11145:
11143:
11140:
11138:
11135:
11133:
11130:
11128:
11125:
11123:
11120:
11118:
11115:
11113:
11110:
11108:
11105:
11103:
11100:
11098:
11095:
11093:
11090:
11088:
11085:
11083:
11080:
11078:
11075:
11073:
11070:
11068:
11065:
11063:
11060:
11058:
11055:
11053:
11050:
11048:
11045:
11043:
11040:
11038:
11035:
11034:
11032:
11030:
11029:North America
11026:
11018:
11015:
11013:
11010:
11008:
11005:
11003:
11000:
10999:
10998:
10995:
10993:
10990:
10988:
10985:
10983:
10980:
10978:
10975:
10973:
10970:
10968:
10965:
10963:
10960:
10958:
10955:
10953:
10950:
10948:
10945:
10943:
10940:
10938:
10935:
10933:
10930:
10928:
10925:
10923:
10920:
10918:
10915:
10913:
10910:
10908:
10905:
10903:
10900:
10898:
10895:
10893:
10890:
10888:
10887:Liechtenstein
10885:
10883:
10880:
10878:
10875:
10873:
10870:
10868:
10865:
10863:
10860:
10858:
10855:
10853:
10850:
10848:
10845:
10843:
10840:
10838:
10835:
10833:
10830:
10828:
10825:
10823:
10820:
10818:
10815:
10813:
10810:
10808:
10805:
10803:
10800:
10798:
10795:
10793:
10790:
10788:
10785:
10783:
10780:
10779:
10777:
10775:
10771:
10765:
10762:
10760:
10757:
10755:
10752:
10750:
10747:
10745:
10742:
10740:
10737:
10735:
10732:
10730:
10727:
10725:
10722:
10720:
10717:
10715:
10712:
10710:
10707:
10705:
10702:
10700:
10697:
10695:
10692:
10690:
10687:
10685:
10682:
10680:
10677:
10675:
10672:
10670:
10667:
10665:
10662:
10660:
10657:
10655:
10652:
10650:
10647:
10645:
10642:
10640:
10637:
10635:
10632:
10630:
10627:
10623:
10620:
10618:
10615:
10614:
10613:
10610:
10608:
10605:
10603:
10600:
10598:
10595:
10593:
10590:
10588:
10585:
10583:
10580:
10578:
10575:
10573:
10570:
10568:
10565:
10563:
10560:
10558:
10555:
10553:
10550:
10548:
10545:
10543:
10540:
10538:
10535:
10533:
10530:
10528:
10525:
10523:
10520:
10518:
10515:
10513:
10510:
10508:
10505:
10504:
10502:
10500:
10496:
10490:
10487:
10485:
10482:
10480:
10477:
10475:
10472:
10470:
10467:
10465:
10462:
10460:
10457:
10455:
10452:
10450:
10447:
10445:
10442:
10440:
10437:
10435:
10432:
10430:
10427:
10425:
10422:
10420:
10417:
10415:
10412:
10410:
10407:
10405:
10402:
10400:
10397:
10395:
10392:
10390:
10387:
10385:
10382:
10380:
10377:
10375:
10372:
10370:
10367:
10365:
10362:
10360:
10357:
10355:
10352:
10350:
10347:
10345:
10342:
10340:
10339:Guinea-Bissau
10337:
10335:
10332:
10330:
10327:
10325:
10322:
10320:
10317:
10315:
10312:
10310:
10307:
10305:
10302:
10300:
10297:
10295:
10292:
10290:
10287:
10285:
10282:
10280:
10277:
10275:
10272:
10270:
10267:
10265:
10262:
10260:
10257:
10255:
10252:
10250:
10247:
10245:
10242:
10240:
10237:
10235:
10232:
10230:
10227:
10225:
10222:
10221:
10219:
10217:
10213:
10209:
10202:
10198:
10184:
10181:
10179:
10176:
10174:
10171:
10169:
10166:
10164:
10163:Organizations
10161:
10159:
10156:
10154:
10151:
10149:
10146:
10144:
10141:
10139:
10136:
10134:
10131:
10129:
10126:
10124:
10121:
10120:
10118:
10115:
10107:
10101:
10098:
10096:
10093:
10091:
10088:
10086:
10083:
10081:
10078:
10076:
10073:
10071:
10068:
10066:
10063:
10061:
10058:
10056:
10053:
10051:
10048:
10047:
10045:
10042:
10037:
10032:
10026:
10023:
10019:
10016:
10014:
10011:
10009:
10006:
10004:
10001:
10000:
9999:
9996:
9994:
9991:
9989:
9988:Vegetarianism
9986:
9984:
9981:
9979:
9976:
9974:
9971:
9969:
9966:
9964:
9961:
9959:
9956:
9954:
9951:
9949:
9946:
9944:
9941:
9939:
9936:
9934:
9933:Homosexuality
9931:
9929:
9926:
9924:
9921:
9919:
9916:
9912:
9909:
9907:
9904:
9902:
9899:
9897:
9894:
9893:
9892:
9889:
9887:
9884:
9882:
9879:
9877:
9874:
9870:
9867:
9865:
9862:
9860:
9857:
9856:
9855:
9852:
9848:
9845:
9843:
9840:
9838:
9835:
9834:
9833:
9829:
9826:
9824:
9821:
9819:
9816:
9815:
9813:
9810:
9803:
9797:
9794:
9792:
9789:
9787:
9784:
9780:
9777:
9776:
9775:
9772:
9770:
9767:
9765:
9762:
9760:
9757:
9755:
9754:Neurotheology
9752:
9750:
9747:
9745:
9742:
9740:
9737:
9735:
9732:
9730:
9727:
9725:
9722:
9721:
9719:
9717:
9711:
9705:
9702:
9700:
9697:
9695:
9692:
9690:
9687:
9685:
9682:
9680:
9677:
9675:
9672:
9670:
9667:
9665:
9662:
9660:
9657:
9656:
9654:
9652:
9648:
9640:
9637:
9635:
9632:
9630:
9627:
9626:
9625:
9622:
9620:
9617:
9615:
9612:
9610:
9607:
9605:
9602:
9600:
9597:
9595:
9592:
9590:
9587:
9583:
9580:
9578:
9575:
9573:
9570:
9568:
9565:
9564:
9563:
9560:
9556:
9553:
9551:
9548:
9546:
9543:
9542:
9541:
9538:
9536:
9533:
9531:
9528:
9526:
9523:
9521:
9518:
9516:
9513:
9511:
9508:
9506:
9503:
9501:
9498:
9496:
9493:
9489:
9486:
9484:
9481:
9479:
9476:
9475:
9474:
9471:
9469:
9466:
9464:
9461:
9459:
9456:
9454:
9451:
9449:
9448:Folk religion
9446:
9444:
9441:
9439:
9436:
9434:
9431:
9429:
9426:
9424:
9421:
9419:
9416:
9414:
9411:
9409:
9406:
9404:
9400:
9397:
9395:
9392:
9390:
9387:
9385:
9382:
9380:
9376:
9373:
9372:
9370:
9366:
9362:
9355:
9351:
9341:
9338:
9336:
9333:
9331:
9328:
9326:
9323:
9321:
9318:
9316:
9313:
9311:
9308:
9304:
9301:
9299:
9296:
9294:
9291:
9290:
9289:
9286:
9282:
9279:
9277:
9274:
9272:
9271:Imperial cult
9269:
9267:
9264:
9262:
9259:
9258:
9257:
9254:
9252:
9249:
9245:
9242:
9240:
9237:
9235:
9232:
9231:
9230:
9227:
9223:
9220:
9218:
9215:
9214:
9213:
9210:
9206:
9203:
9201:
9198:
9196:
9193:
9191:
9188:
9187:
9186:
9183:
9181:
9178:
9174:
9171:
9170:
9169:
9166:
9162:
9159:
9157:
9154:
9153:
9152:
9149:
9147:
9144:
9140:
9137:
9136:
9135:
9132:
9130:
9127:
9125:
9122:
9120:
9117:
9115:
9112:
9110:
9107:
9105:
9102:
9100:
9097:
9093:
9090:
9088:
9085:
9083:
9080:
9078:
9075:
9073:
9070:
9069:
9068:
9065:
9061:
9058:
9056:
9053:
9051:
9048:
9046:
9043:
9042:
9041:
9038:
9036:
9033:
9029:
9026:
9025:
9024:
9021:
9019:
9016:
9014:
9011:
9007:
9004:
9003:
9002:
8999:
8997:
8994:
8992:
8989:
8985:
8982:
8980:
8977:
8976:
8975:
8972:
8970:
8967:
8963:
8960:
8958:
8955:
8953:
8950:
8949:
8948:
8945:
8943:
8940:
8938:
8935:
8933:
8930:
8926:
8923:
8922:
8921:
8918:
8917:
8914:
8910:
8905:
8901:
8881:
8878:
8877:
8876:
8873:
8871:
8868:
8866:
8863:
8861:
8858:
8856:
8853:
8851:
8848:
8846:
8843:
8841:
8840:Discordianism
8838:
8836:
8835:Anthroposophy
8833:
8832:
8830:
8826:
8818:
8817:
8813:
8812:
8811:
8808:
8806:
8803:
8799:
8796:
8794:
8791:
8789:
8786:
8784:
8783:Mari religion
8781:
8779:
8776:
8774:
8771:
8769:
8766:
8765:
8764:
8761:
8759:
8756:
8754:
8751:
8749:
8746:
8744:
8741:
8739:
8736:
8734:
8731:
8729:
8726:
8724:
8721:
8717:
8714:
8713:
8712:
8709:
8705:
8702:
8700:
8697:
8696:
8695:
8692:
8688:
8685:
8683:
8680:
8679:
8678:
8675:
8673:
8670:
8666:
8663:
8662:
8660:
8659:
8657:
8655:
8649:
8643:
8640:
8638:
8635:
8633:
8630:
8626:
8623:
8621:
8620:Neo-Theosophy
8618:
8617:
8616:
8613:
8611:
8608:
8606:
8603:
8601:
8598:
8596:
8593:
8589:
8586:
8585:
8584:
8581:
8579:
8576:
8574:
8571:
8569:
8566:
8564:
8561:
8559:
8558:New Acropolis
8556:
8554:
8551:
8549:
8546:
8544:
8541:
8539:
8536:
8534:
8531:
8530:
8528:
8524:
8521:
8519:
8511:
8501:
8498:
8496:
8493:
8491:
8488:
8486:
8483:
8482:
8480:
8476:
8464:
8461:
8459:
8456:
8454:
8451:
8449:
8446:
8444:
8441:
8439:
8436:
8434:
8431:
8429:
8426:
8424:
8421:
8419:
8416:
8414:
8411:
8409:
8406:
8404:
8401:
8399:
8396:
8392:
8389:
8387:
8384:
8382:
8379:
8378:
8377:
8374:
8373:
8372:
8370:
8366:
8365:
8360:
8357:
8356:
8355:
8352:
8350:
8347:
8345:
8342:
8340:
8337:
8335:
8332:
8330:
8327:
8325:
8322:
8320:
8317:
8315:
8312:
8310:
8307:
8305:
8302:
8300:
8297:
8295:
8292:
8290:
8287:
8285:
8282:
8280:
8277:
8275:
8272:
8270:
8267:
8263:
8260:
8258:
8255:
8254:
8253:
8250:
8248:
8245:
8243:
8240:
8238:
8235:
8234:
8232:
8230:
8224:
8216:
8213:
8212:
8211:
8208:
8207:
8205:
8203:North African
8201:
8198:
8196:
8190:
8184:
8181:
8179:
8176:
8174:
8171:
8169:
8166:
8164:
8161:
8159:
8156:
8154:
8151:
8149:
8146:
8144:
8141:
8139:
8136:
8134:
8131:
8129:
8126:
8125:
8123:
8121:
8117:
8111:
8108:
8106:
8103:
8101:
8098:
8096:
8093:
8092:
8090:
8088:
8084:
8080:
8074:
8071:
8069:
8066:
8064:
8061:
8059:
8056:
8054:
8051:
8047:
8044:
8042:
8039:
8038:
8037:
8034:
8032:
8029:
8027:
8024:
8022:
8019:
8017:
8014:
8012:
8009:
8005:
8002:
8000:
7997:
7995:
7992:
7990:
7987:
7986:
7985:
7982:
7980:
7977:
7975:
7972:
7968:
7965:
7964:
7963:
7960:
7958:
7957:Kwakwakaʼwakw
7955:
7953:
7950:
7946:
7943:
7941:
7938:
7936:
7933:
7931:
7928:
7926:
7923:
7922:
7921:
7918:
7916:
7913:
7911:
7908:
7906:
7903:
7901:
7897:
7894:
7892:
7889:
7887:
7884:
7882:
7879:
7875:
7872:
7870:
7867:
7866:
7865:
7862:
7858:
7855:
7853:
7850:
7848:
7845:
7843:
7840:
7839:
7838:
7835:
7833:
7830:
7828:
7825:
7821:
7818:
7816:
7813:
7811:
7808:
7807:
7806:
7803:
7801:
7798:
7796:
7793:
7792:
7790:
7788:
7782:
7776:
7773:
7771:
7768:
7764:
7761:
7759:
7756:
7755:
7754:
7751:
7747:
7744:
7743:
7742:
7739:
7737:
7734:
7732:
7729:
7727:
7724:
7720:
7717:
7715:
7712:
7711:
7709:
7705:
7702:
7700:
7697:
7696:
7695:
7692:
7690:
7687:
7686:
7684:
7682:
7678:
7672:
7669:
7668:
7666:
7664:
7663:Austroasiatic
7660:
7652:
7649:
7647:
7644:
7643:
7642:
7639:
7635:
7634:Vattisen Yaly
7632:
7630:
7627:
7625:
7622:
7621:
7620:
7616:
7613:
7612:
7610:
7608:
7604:
7601:
7599:
7595:
7579:
7576:
7574:
7571:
7570:
7569:
7566:
7564:
7561:
7559:
7556:
7554:
7553:Kirat Mundhum
7551:
7549:
7546:
7542:
7539:
7537:
7534:
7533:
7532:
7529:
7527:
7524:
7522:
7519:
7518:
7516:
7512:
7506:
7505:
7501:
7499:
7496:
7492:
7489:
7488:
7487:
7484:
7480:
7477:
7475:
7472:
7470:
7466:
7462:
7459:
7458:
7457:
7454:
7452:
7449:
7448:
7446:
7444:
7440:
7434:
7433:
7429:
7427:
7424:
7422:
7419:
7417:
7414:
7412:
7409:
7407:
7404:
7402:
7399:
7395:
7392:
7390:
7387:
7385:
7382:
7380:
7377:
7375:
7372:
7370:
7367:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7356:
7355:
7352:
7348:
7345:
7343:
7340:
7338:
7335:
7333:
7330:
7328:
7325:
7323:
7320:
7318:
7315:
7313:
7310:
7308:
7305:
7304:
7303:
7300:
7299:
7297:
7295:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7282:
7272:
7269:
7267:
7264:
7262:
7259:
7257:
7254:
7252:
7249:
7248:
7246:
7244:
7240:
7234:
7231:
7229:
7226:
7224:
7221:
7220:
7218:
7216:
7212:
7206:
7203:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7193:
7189:
7188:
7184:
7183:
7182:
7179:
7178:
7176:
7174:
7170:
7162:
7159:
7157:
7154:
7153:
7152:
7149:
7145:
7142:
7140:
7137:
7136:
7135:
7132:
7130:
7127:
7125:
7122:
7120:
7117:
7115:
7112:
7111:
7109:
7107:
7103:
7100:
7098:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7085:
7071:
7068:
7066:
7063:
7061:
7058:
7057:
7055:
7051:
7045:
7042:
7040:
7037:
7035:
7032:
7030:
7027:
7026:
7024:
7022:
7018:
7012:
7009:
7007:
7004:
7002:
6999:
6998:
6996:
6994:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6981:
6971:
6968:
6966:
6963:
6961:
6958:
6956:
6953:
6951:
6948:
6946:
6943:
6941:
6938:
6937:
6935:
6931:
6925:
6924:
6920:
6918:
6915:
6913:
6912:Milah Abraham
6910:
6908:
6905:
6903:
6900:
6898:
6895:
6893:
6890:
6886:
6883:
6882:
6881:
6878:
6876:
6873:
6869:
6866:
6864:
6861:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6850:
6849:
6846:
6840:
6837:
6835:
6832:
6831:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6812:
6811:
6810:
6807:
6806:
6804:
6802:
6798:
6792:
6791:
6787:
6783:
6780:
6778:
6775:
6773:
6770:
6768:
6765:
6763:
6760:
6758:
6755:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6745:
6743:
6739:
6736:
6735:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6711:
6709:
6706:
6702:
6699:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6689:
6685:
6682:
6681:
6680:
6677:
6675:
6672:
6670:
6667:
6665:
6662:
6658:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6644:
6643:
6640:
6636:
6633:
6631:
6628:
6626:
6623:
6622:
6621:
6618:
6616:
6613:
6611:
6608:
6604:
6601:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6591:
6589:
6586:
6584:
6581:
6580:
6579:
6576:
6574:
6571:
6570:
6569:
6568:Protestantism
6566:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6553:
6550:
6549:
6548:
6545:
6541:
6538:
6536:
6533:
6532:
6531:
6528:
6526:
6523:
6519:
6516:
6515:
6514:
6511:
6507:
6504:
6502:
6499:
6498:
6497:
6494:
6493:
6491:
6489:
6485:
6479:
6478:
6474:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6454:
6452:
6449:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6433:
6430:
6429:
6428:
6425:
6421:
6418:
6417:
6416:
6413:
6412:
6411:
6408:
6407:
6405:
6403:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6381:
6377:
6373:
6368:
6364:
6360:
6353:
6348:
6346:
6341:
6339:
6334:
6333:
6330:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6304:
6302:
6298:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6255:
6252:
6251:
6250:
6247:
6246:
6244:
6242:
6238:
6232:
6231:
6227:
6225:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6204:
6200:
6198:
6197:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6178:
6177:
6175:
6171:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6151:
6149:
6145:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6128:Self religion
6126:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6058:Doomsday cult
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6015:
6013:
6009:
6003:
6000:
5999:
5997:
5993:
5987:
5984:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5881:Nakayama Miki
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5866:Nikkyō Niwano
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5847:
5844:
5842:
5839:
5837:
5834:
5832:
5829:
5827:
5824:
5822:
5819:
5817:
5814:
5812:
5809:
5807:
5804:
5802:
5799:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5746:Sri Aurobindo
5744:
5742:
5741:Shoko Asahara
5739:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5718:
5716:
5712:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5700:Word of Faith
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5624:
5621:
5620:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5597:
5594:
5593:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5558:
5555:
5554:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5541:
5540:Temple of Set
5538:
5536:
5533:
5532:
5531:
5528:
5527:
5526:
5523:
5521:
5518:
5516:
5513:
5509:
5506:
5505:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5423:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5396:New Acropolis
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5366:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5300:Heaven's Gate
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5260:Discordianism
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5203:
5199:
5196:
5195:
5194:
5191:
5187:
5184:
5183:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5122:Anthroposophy
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5106:
5103:
5102:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5080:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5070:
5067:
5066:
5064:
5060:
5056:
5049:
5044:
5042:
5037:
5035:
5030:
5029:
5026:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5006:
4996:
4992:
4991:Wilson, Bryan
4989:
4986:
4982:
4979:
4975:
4972:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4959:
4955:
4954:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4940:
4936:
4933:
4929:
4926:
4923:
4919:
4916:
4913:
4909:
4906:
4902:
4898:
4895:
4891:
4888:
4884:
4881:
4880:
4875:
4872:
4868:
4866:
4865:0-87178-932-9
4862:
4858:
4854:
4851:
4847:
4844:
4840:
4837:
4834:
4830:
4827:
4826:90-239-0809-0
4823:
4819:
4816:Published by
4815:
4811:
4808:
4804:
4801:
4797:
4794:
4793:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4779:
4775:
4772:
4769:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4759:0-570-07682-X
4756:
4752:
4748:
4744:
4740:
4736:
4733:
4729:
4726:
4723:
4719:
4715:
4713:9780203642375
4709:
4705:
4701:
4694:
4693:
4687:
4686:
4682:
4681:
4676:
4672:
4668:
4664:
4660:
4657:
4653:
4650:
4644:
4638:
4634:
4630:
4629:
4624:
4620:
4616:
4614:0-8103-8878-2
4610:
4606:
4601:
4600:
4594:
4590:
4586:
4584:0-8153-0502-8
4580:
4576:
4575:
4570:
4566:
4563:
4562:
4557:
4553:
4549:
4543:
4539:
4538:
4533:
4529:
4525:
4519:
4515:
4511:
4507:
4503:
4497:
4492:
4491:
4485:
4481:
4477:
4475:9780195079630
4471:
4467:
4463:
4459:
4458:
4455:Encyclopedias
4454:
4453:
4441:
4437:
4433:
4429:
4424:
4420:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4404:
4400:
4397:(1): 97–106.
4396:
4392:
4387:
4383:
4377:
4373:
4368:
4364:
4360:
4356:
4352:
4348:
4344:
4335:
4324:
4320:
4318:0-19-514986-6
4314:
4310:
4309:
4304:
4295:
4291:
4287:
4283:
4279:
4275:
4271:
4267:
4263:
4252:
4248:
4246:0-19-514986-6
4242:
4238:
4237:
4232:
4228:
4224:
4218:
4214:
4209:
4205:
4199:
4195:
4190:
4187:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4169:
4165:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4138:
4134:
4129:
4125:
4119:
4115:
4114:
4109:
4105:
4100:
4099:
4093:
4089:
4085:
4079:
4075:
4066:
4062:
4058:
4054:
4050:
4046:
4042:
4037:
4033:
4027:
4023:
4022:
4017:
4013:
3999:
3995:
3991:
3987:
3983:
3980:(1): 88–102.
3979:
3975:
3968:
3959:
3955:
3949:
3945:
3944:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3919:
3916:(1): 93–105.
3915:
3911:
3906:
3905:
3892:
3886:
3877:
3869:
3865:
3861:
3854:
3847:
3842:
3836:, p. 39.
3835:
3830:
3824:, p. 30.
3823:
3818:
3812:, p. 29.
3811:
3806:
3799:
3794:
3788:, p. 41.
3787:
3782:
3774:
3770:
3766:
3762:
3754:
3747:
3743:
3742:
3735:
3733:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3716:Bethany House
3713:
3709:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3692:, p. 97.
3691:
3686:
3684:
3676:
3671:
3664:
3658:
3652:
3651:
3646:
3642:
3639:
3633:
3626:
3622:
3619:
3613:
3606:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3588:
3580:
3576:
3575:
3570:
3568:
3567:The Slaughter
3562:
3556:
3540:
3536:
3530:
3523:
3518:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3498:
3491:
3485:, p. 43.
3484:
3479:
3477:
3475:
3467:
3463:
3460:
3456:
3452:
3451:David Kilgour
3447:
3445:
3426:
3423:(1): 75–114.
3422:
3418:
3411:
3404:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3383:
3376:
3372:
3368:
3362:
3356:
3355:0-313-32807-2
3352:
3348:
3344:
3338:
3331:
3326:
3318:
3312:
3308:
3304:
3303:
3298:
3291:
3283:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3257:
3250:
3244:, p. 13.
3243:
3239:
3234:
3227:
3222:
3214:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3187:
3181:, p. 19.
3180:
3175:
3169:, p. 19.
3168:
3165:, p. 3;
3164:
3159:
3153:, p. 20.
3152:
3147:
3141:, p. 17.
3140:
3135:
3129:, p. 22.
3128:
3123:
3116:
3111:
3105:, p. 21.
3104:
3099:
3093:, p. 23.
3092:
3087:
3085:
3078:, p. 19.
3077:
3072:
3066:, p. 24.
3065:
3060:
3054:, p. 15.
3053:
3048:
3041:
3036:
3029:
3024:
3016:
3012:
3009:(1): 97–106.
3008:
3004:
2997:
2995:
2987:
2982:
2975:
2970:
2962:
2947:
2940:
2939:
2931:
2925:, p. 99.
2924:
2919:
2917:
2909:
2904:
2898:, p. 89.
2897:
2892:
2886:, p. 79.
2885:
2880:
2873:
2868:
2862:, p. 20.
2861:
2856:
2849:
2844:
2842:
2835:, p. 13.
2834:
2829:
2827:
2819:
2815:
2810:
2804:, p. 16.
2803:
2800:, p. 8;
2799:
2794:
2787:
2782:
2767:
2763:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2734:
2728:, p. 13.
2727:
2723:
2718:
2712:, p. 14.
2711:
2706:
2700:, p. 55.
2699:
2694:
2688:, p. 54.
2687:
2682:
2680:
2673:, p. 47.
2672:
2667:
2665:
2657:
2652:
2645:
2640:
2638:
2631:, p. 19.
2630:
2625:
2619:, p. 17.
2618:
2613:
2611:
2603:
2597:
2591:
2590:0-89042-212-5
2587:
2583:
2582:
2574:
2567:
2562:
2556:
2555:
2550:
2544:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2521:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2504:
2499:
2492:
2487:
2481:, p. 98.
2480:
2475:
2469:, p. 14.
2468:
2463:
2461:
2459:
2452:, p. 12.
2451:
2446:
2439:
2434:
2428:, p. 11.
2427:
2422:
2415:
2410:
2404:
2400:
2395:
2394:
2385:
2378:
2374:
2368:
2364:
2357:
2350:
2346:
2340:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2318:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2303:
2295:
2288:
2284:
2281:
2276:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2257:
2251:, p. 66.
2250:
2245:
2238:
2233:
2227:, p. 13.
2226:
2221:
2219:
2212:, p. 55.
2211:
2206:
2200:, p. 82.
2199:
2194:
2188:, p. 83.
2187:
2182:
2176:, p. 67.
2175:
2170:
2161:
2154:
2149:
2142:
2136:
2130:, p. 57.
2129:
2124:
2118:, p. 11.
2117:
2112:
2105:
2100:
2092:
2086:
2082:
2075:
2068:
2063:
2056:
2051:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2031:
2024:
2019:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1989:
1983:, p. 76.
1982:
1977:
1975:
1967:
1962:
1956:, p. 10.
1955:
1950:
1943:
1938:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1921:
1918:
1913:
1906:
1900:
1892:
1886:
1872:on 2013-04-20
1868:
1861:
1856:
1850:
1843:
1840:Paul Virilio,
1837:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1796:
1792:
1789:
1783:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1760:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1737:
1730:
1725:
1718:
1714:
1708:
1701:
1700:0-7914-2330-1
1697:
1693:
1687:
1680:
1676:
1675:UFO Religions
1670:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1640:
1625:
1622:. herenow4u.
1621:
1614:
1606:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1587:
1579:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1550:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1515:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1482:
1474:
1468:
1464:
1457:
1443:
1439:
1432:
1425:
1421:
1415:
1408:
1403:
1401:
1394:
1393:0-13-183478-9
1390:
1386:
1385:Prentice Hall
1382:
1378:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1349:
1344:
1338:, p. 14.
1337:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1320:
1315:
1309:
1308:0-415-20050-4
1305:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1293:Eileen Barker
1289:
1282:
1277:
1275:
1270:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1202:
1195:
1185:
1183:
1177:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1159:Edward Hunter
1154:
1151:
1145:
1135:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1110:
1108:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1085:
1075:
1073:
1072:Ethan Gutmann
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1042:
1036:
1029:
1019:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1003:Satanic Panic
1000:
996:
991:
989:
985:
971:
966:
961:
959:
958:
953:
952:
947:
946:
941:
937:
933:
928:
925:
921:
917:
912:
910:
906:
900:
898:
894:
888:
886:
882:
877:
873:
870:
866:
861:
859:
855:
848:
843:
834:
832:
828:
824:
820:
814:
812:
808:
804:
799:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
767:
765:
758:
751:
736:
727:
723:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
704:Marc Galanter
694:
693:measurable."
691:
687:
683:
678:
676:
671:
657:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
634:
628:
623:
617:
613:
604:
602:
598:
594:
593:Alice Lakwena
590:
585:
584:Heaven's Gate
581:
577:
573:
563:
560:
556:
551:
547:
537:
535:
531:
527:
526:
521:
517:
513:
503:
500:
495:
491:
490:Eileen Barker
485:
480:
471:
469:
465:
460:
458:
454:
449:
447:
443:
438:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
412:
407:
403:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
360:
358:
354:
353:UFO religions
350:
346:
342:
337:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
314:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
263:Isaiah Shembe
260:
256:
253:In 1911, the
251:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
151:
146:
137:
134:
130:
125:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
93:
91:
90:denominations
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
58:
54:
53:proselytising
51:
46:
40:
33:
19:
10744:Turkmenistan
10704:Saudi Arabia
10449:South Africa
10439:Sierra Leone
10244:Burkina Faso
10153:Names of God
10100:Unaffiliated
10055:Antireligion
9911:Universalism
9859:Assimilation
9724:Anthropology
9599:Supernatural
9594:Spirituality
9562:Sacred space
9550:Purification
9423:Denomination
9377: /
9185:Paleo-Balkan
9151:Mesopotamian
8991:Cook Islands
8962:Old Prussian
8875:UFO religion
8814:
8810:Zalmoxianism
8738:Neoshamanism
8595:Spiritualism
8513:
8478:Other ethnic
8367:
8193:Traditional
8153:Bongthingism
8041:Acoma Pueblo
7984:Mesoamerican
7681:Austronesian
7502:
7498:Neo-Buddhism
7430:
7426:Neo-Hinduism
7347:Swaminarayan
7185:
7134:Salvationist
7119:Confucianism
6970:Samaritanism
6940:Ali-Illahism
6921:
6788:
6782:Unitarianism
6723:Old Catholic
6530:Nestorianism
6488:Christianity
6475:
6441:Conservative
6228:
6203:Nova Religio
6201:
6194:
6138:UFO religion
6083:Neoshamanism
5951:Joseph Smith
5851:Lu Sheng-yen
5836:David Koresh
5766:Alice Bailey
5591:Spiritualism
5515:Santa Muerte
5431:Unity Church
5285:Fung Loy Kok
5142:Baháʼí Faith
5132:Armstrongism
5112:Ananda Marga
5062:Major groups
5054:
4994:
4984:
4977:
4970:
4969:Toch, Hans.
4951:
4931:
4921:
4911:
4904:
4893:
4886:
4877:
4870:
4856:
4849:
4842:
4832:
4813:
4806:
4799:
4790:
4767:
4750:
4742:
4738:
4731:
4721:
4691:
4670:
4655:
4626:
4598:
4573:
4559:
4536:
4513:
4489:
4465:
4431:
4427:
4415:
4394:
4390:
4371:
4346:
4342:
4327:. Retrieved
4307:
4276:(1): 73–87.
4273:
4269:
4255:. Retrieved
4235:
4212:
4193:
4171:
4157:. Retrieved
4140:
4136:
4112:
4097:
4073:
4047:(2): 83–97.
4044:
4040:
4020:
4005:. Retrieved
3977:
3973:
3942:
3913:
3909:
3890:
3885:
3876:
3868:the original
3864:The Guardian
3863:
3853:
3846:Barrett 2001
3841:
3829:
3822:Barrett 2001
3817:
3810:Barrett 2001
3805:
3798:Barrett 2001
3793:
3786:Barrett 2001
3781:
3764:
3760:
3753:
3739:
3712:R. Zacharias
3705:
3697:
3690:Barrett 2001
3675:Barrett 2001
3670:
3662:
3657:
3648:
3632:
3612:
3596:
3587:
3579:the original
3572:
3566:
3555:
3543:. Retrieved
3539:the original
3529:
3517:
3509:the original
3500:
3490:
3432:. Retrieved
3420:
3416:
3403:
3387:
3382:
3366:
3361:
3342:
3337:
3332:, p. 2.
3325:
3301:
3290:
3266:(1): 18–39.
3263:
3259:
3249:
3238:Barrett 2001
3233:
3228:, p. 6.
3221:
3196:
3192:
3186:
3179:Melton 2004b
3174:
3167:Melton 2004b
3158:
3151:Barrett 2001
3146:
3139:Melton 2004b
3134:
3127:Barrett 2001
3122:
3115:Barrett 2001
3110:
3103:Barrett 2001
3098:
3091:Barrett 2001
3076:Barrett 2001
3071:
3064:Barrett 2001
3059:
3047:
3035:
3028:Clarke 2006b
3023:
3006:
3002:
2981:
2976:, p. 5.
2969:
2953:. Retrieved
2937:
2930:
2903:
2891:
2879:
2874:, p. 8.
2867:
2860:Melton 2004b
2855:
2850:, p. 5.
2833:Bromley 2012
2820:, p. 2.
2814:Bromley 2012
2809:
2802:Melton 2004b
2793:
2781:
2770:. Retrieved
2743:
2733:
2726:Bromley 2012
2722:Bromley 2004
2717:
2710:Bromley 2012
2705:
2698:Barrett 2001
2693:
2686:Barrett 2001
2671:Barrett 2001
2651:
2646:, p. 3.
2624:
2601:
2596:
2578:
2573:
2561:
2552:
2543:
2528:
2520:
2505:
2498:
2486:
2479:Barrett 2001
2474:
2445:
2433:
2421:
2412:
2392:
2384:
2376:
2362:
2356:
2348:
2334:
2328:
2320:
2301:
2294:
2275:
2256:
2249:Barrett 2001
2244:
2237:Barrett 2001
2232:
2205:
2198:Barrett 2001
2193:
2186:Barrett 2001
2181:
2174:Barrett 2001
2169:
2160:
2152:
2148:
2135:
2128:Barrett 2001
2123:
2116:Gardner 1995
2111:
2103:
2099:
2080:
2074:
2069:, p. 8.
2062:
2057:, p. 7.
2050:
2038:
2030:
2025:, p. 6.
2018:
2007:. Retrieved
1998:
1988:
1968:, p. 9.
1966:Barrett 2001
1961:
1949:
1944:, p. 1.
1937:
1927:
1912:
1904:
1899:
1874:. Retrieved
1867:the original
1854:
1849:
1841:
1836:
1825:. Retrieved
1816:
1807:
1798:
1782:
1774:the original
1769:
1759:
1751:the original
1746:
1736:
1724:
1716:
1712:
1707:
1691:
1686:
1678:
1674:
1669:
1658:. Retrieved
1639:
1628:. Retrieved
1613:
1585:
1578:
1567:. Retrieved
1558:
1549:
1524:
1520:
1514:
1503:. Retrieved
1490:
1481:
1462:
1456:
1445:. Retrieved
1441:
1431:
1414:
1407:Clarke 2006b
1380:
1343:
1314:
1296:
1288:
1281:Clarke 2006a
1211:
1207:
1205:
1197:
1178:
1171:
1155:
1147:
1120:Armstrongism
1113:
1112:In his book
1111:
1089:
1087:
1067:Ananda Marga
1044:
1038:
1033:
992:
962:
955:
949:
945:The Prisoner
943:
936:Cult of Mary
929:
913:
901:
889:
878:
874:
862:
856:
852:
815:
800:
772:anthropology
769:
760:
755:
733:
724:
719:
715:
700:
690:brainwashing
682:Dick Anthony
679:
672:
668:
665:Demographics
630:
624:
620:
569:
543:
523:
509:
499:Bryan Wilson
488:
461:
456:
450:
439:
416:
361:
338:
315:
309:religion of
307:modern pagan
252:
216:spiritualism
209:
203:, the first
201:Unity Church
185:Choi Jae-Woo
169:Baháʼí Faith
157:Joseph Smith
154:
126:
110:Christianity
94:
77:new religion
76:
72:
68:
64:
62:
11195:New Zealand
11132:Saint Lucia
11082:El Salvador
10987:Switzerland
10922:Netherlands
10694:Philippines
10622:South Korea
10617:North Korea
10507:Afghanistan
10454:South Sudan
10344:Ivory Coast
10128:Deification
10075:Objectivism
10050:Agnosticism
10003:Persecution
9993:Video games
9958:Populations
9869:Proselytism
9837:Monasticism
9828:Clericalism
9818:Agriculture
9809:and society
9774:Soteriology
9734:Comparative
9704:Transtheism
9689:Panentheism
9473:Monasticism
9266:Gallo-Roman
9168:Micronesian
9134:Manichaeism
9082:Hermeticism
9050:Continental
9045:Anglo-Saxon
8925:Paleolithic
8920:Prehistoric
8870:Scientology
8733:Italo-Roman
8588:Radha Soami
8568:New Thought
8408:Espiritismo
8349:Waaqeffanna
8289:Fon and Ewe
8227:Sub-Saharan
8110:Satsana Phi
7896:Ghost Dance
7837:Californian
7805:Anishinaabe
7731:Karo Pemena
7710:Indonesian
7384:Lingayatism
7332:Mahanubhava
7302:Vaishnavism
7233:Jeungsanism
7156:Folk Taoism
7139:Xiantiandao
6993:Zoroastrian
6652:Charismatic
6647:Pentecostal
6610:Anglicanism
6561:Waldensians
6496:Catholicism
6173:Scholarship
5906:Ramakrishna
5841:Anton LaVey
5786:Sri Chinmoy
5761:Baháʼu'lláh
5586:Soka Gakkai
5520:Santo Daime
5508:Radha Soami
5498:Sahaja Yoga
5421:New Thought
5208:Charismatic
5198:Pentecostal
4143:(4): 5–12.
3834:Barker 1989
3522:Barker 1989
3483:Barker 1989
3455:David Matas
3242:Oliver 2012
3226:Oliver 2012
3052:Oliver 2012
3040:Oliver 2012
2974:Oliver 2012
2955:16 November
2923:Barker 2004
2896:Barker 2004
2884:Melton 2004
2786:Barker 1989
2656:Barker 1989
2629:Barker 1989
2617:Barker 1989
2566:Barker 1989
2491:Barker 1989
2467:Barker 1989
2450:Barker 1989
2438:Barker 1989
2426:Barker 1989
2225:Barker 1989
2210:Barker 1989
2045:, pp. 13–14
2035:John Bowker
1981:Melton 2004
1954:Barker 1989
1942:Barker 1989
1729:Gibson 2002
1593:. pp.
1348:Barker 1989
1336:Oliver 2012
1319:Oliver 2012
1201:antagonists
995:moral panic
951:The X-Files
865:Olav Hammer
817:study. The
803:methodology
720:affiliation
675:Third World
654:Gavin Flood
390:. In 1967,
384:Anton LaVey
341:Scientology
291:Soka Gakkai
228:Soyen Shaku
205:New Thought
173:Bahá'u'lláh
163:. In 1844,
11354:Categories
11185:Micronesia
11062:Costa Rica
10957:San Marino
10917:Montenegro
10897:Luxembourg
10754:Uzbekistan
10729:Tajikistan
10634:Kyrgyzstan
10607:Kazakhstan
10557:East Timor
10527:Bangladesh
10517:Azerbaijan
10434:Seychelles
10399:Mozambique
10384:Mauritania
10369:Madagascar
10259:Cape Verde
10041:irreligion
10036:Secularism
9938:Minorities
9906:Toleration
9901:Syncretism
9886:Fanaticism
9876:Disability
9864:Missionary
9854:Conversion
9842:Ordination
9764:Psychology
9759:Philosophy
9699:Polytheism
9679:Monotheism
9674:Henotheism
9515:Orthopraxy
9505:Ordination
9468:Meditation
9463:Indigenous
9428:Entheogens
9413:Conversion
9239:Pueblo III
9156:Babylonian
9146:Melanesian
9072:Gnosticism
8957:Lithuanian
8850:Fourth Way
8704:Circassian
8682:Dievturība
8605:Tensegrity
8538:Falun Gong
8183:Sanamahism
8163:Donyi-Polo
7753:Polynesian
7699:Kaharingan
7624:Burkhanism
7563:Ravidassia
7541:Śvetāmbara
7327:Pushtimarg
7307:Krishnaism
7243:Vietnamese
7228:Cheondoism
7161:Yao Taoism
7097:East Asian
6863:Isma'ilism
6819:Maturidism
6598:Mennonites
6593:Hutterites
6578:Anabaptism
6471:Humanistic
6241:Opposition
5911:Prem Rawat
5861:Meher Baba
5831:Li Hongzhi
5821:Hak Ja Han
5776:David Berg
5690:Weixinjiao
5280:Fourth Way
5265:Falun Gong
5255:Creativity
4962:0195158253
4683:Monographs
4605:Gale Group
4329:2021-06-16
4257:2021-06-16
4159:2021-06-16
4007:2023-03-31
3767:(3): 663.
3724:0764228218
3591:Viv Young
3434:2015-01-06
3163:Lewis 2004
2872:Lewis 2004
2798:Lewis 2004
2772:2014-03-17
2009:2017-07-07
2001:. Scribd.
1876:2013-02-25
1827:2020-06-06
1660:2010-01-16
1630:2013-02-24
1569:2013-02-24
1505:2009-06-26
1447:2024-02-22
1260:References
1167:Korean War
1057:, and the
1022:Opposition
970:shinshūkyō
784:psychology
776:psychiatry
716:conversion
712:Bainbridge
660:Membership
530:revelation
516:scientific
512:scriptures
506:Scriptures
431:Li Hongzhi
427:Falun Gong
242:, and the
181:Cheondoism
124:in 1838.
11303:Venezuela
11248:Argentina
11165:Australia
11117:Nicaragua
11092:Guatemala
10892:Lithuania
10714:Sri Lanka
10709:Singapore
10689:Palestine
10577:Indonesia
10567:Hong Kong
10389:Mauritius
10110:Overviews
10065:Criticism
10018:Sectarian
10008:Terrorism
9983:Theocracy
9928:Happiness
9896:Pluralism
9881:Education
9807:Religion
9779:Salvation
9769:Sociology
9714:Religious
9694:Pantheism
9684:Nontheism
9577:Mountains
9555:Sacrifice
9510:Orthodoxy
9500:Mythology
9495:Mysticism
9384:Behaviour
9293:Canaanite
9276:Mithraism
9244:Pueblo IV
9234:Pueblo II
9139:Mazdakism
9114:Hungarian
9087:Mysteries
8996:Dravidian
8778:Hungarian
8694:Caucasian
8665:Godianism
8625:Agni Yoga
8615:Theosophy
8578:Rastafari
8553:Modekngei
8533:Brahmoism
8526:Syncretic
8518:movements
8516:religious
8428:Quimbanda
8376:Candomblé
8369:Diasporic
8148:Bathouism
8138:Benzhuism
8053:Tsimshian
8004:Purépecha
7925:Longhouse
7900:Sun Dance
7832:Blackfoot
7820:Wabunowin
7815:Midewiwin
7736:Malaysian
7726:Kapitayan
7536:Digambara
7521:Ayyavazhi
7486:Vajrayana
7451:Theravada
7364:Ganapatya
7337:Ramanandi
7266:Hoahaoism
7144:Yiguandao
7039:Yarsanism
7034:Shabakism
7021:Yazdânism
7011:Zurvanism
7006:Mazdaznan
6965:Rastafari
6960:Mandaeism
6834:Wahhabism
6814:Ash'arism
6777:Tolstoyan
6767:Spiritual
6757:Mormonism
6728:Judaizers
6701:Quakerism
6679:Methodist
6669:Irvingism
6620:Calvinism
6573:Adventism
6556:Moravians
6393:Abrahamic
5995:By region
5618:Theosophy
5596:Spiritism
5488:Rastafari
5379:Rodnovery
5374:Heathenry
5349:Mormonism
5295:Godianism
5186:Noahidism
5127:Antoinism
5100:Ahmadiyya
5078:Adventism
5073:Brahmoism
5069:Adi Dharm
4571:(1992) .
4094:(2006a).
3704:. 2003.
3282:145184989
3213:161448414
2414:teachers.
1650:BBC Sport
1301:Routledge
1265:Citations
1124:Theosophy
1063:lynch mob
788:sociology
739:Reception
597:shea tree
576:Jonestown
534:occultism
419:communism
411:Guangzhou
362:In 1965,
339:In 1954,
299:Yiguandao
246:preacher
236:Theravāda
193:Ahmadiyya
85:spiritual
81:religious
11329:Category
11293:Suriname
11283:Paraguay
11268:Colombia
11175:Kiribati
11102:Honduras
11072:Dominica
11047:Barbados
11012:Scotland
10972:Slovenia
10967:Slovakia
10942:Portugal
10812:Bulgaria
10734:Thailand
10684:Pakistan
10664:Mongolia
10659:Maldives
10654:Malaysia
10542:Cambodia
10489:Zimbabwe
10464:Tanzania
10314:Ethiopia
10309:Eswatini
10289:Djibouti
10254:Cameroon
10239:Botswana
10183:Timeline
10178:Scholars
10138:Founders
9998:Violence
9953:Politics
9823:Business
9786:Theology
9530:Prophecy
9520:Paganism
9408:Covenant
9375:Apostasy
9310:Scythian
9251:Rapa Nui
9205:Thracian
9200:Illyrian
9190:Albanian
9161:Sumerian
9104:Harappan
9040:Germanic
9035:Georgian
9028:Selk'nam
9013:Etruscan
9001:Egyptian
8979:Druidism
8942:Armenian
8865:Satanism
8845:Eckankar
8768:Estonian
8753:Romanian
8743:Ossetian
8723:Germanic
8672:Armenian
8661:African
8654:paganism
8583:Sant Mat
8573:Rajneesh
8548:Meivazhi
8543:Japanese
8500:Siberian
8433:Santería
8403:Convince
8269:Bushongo
8173:Kiratism
8100:Hmongism
7967:Wocekiye
7952:Jivaroan
7920:Iroquois
7915:Ho-Chunk
7864:Cherokee
7787:American
7758:Hawaiian
7671:Sarnaism
7641:Tungusic
7629:Tengrism
7619:Mongolic
7548:Sarnaism
7479:Nichiren
7456:Mahayana
7443:Buddhism
7421:Sant Mat
7411:Sauraism
7406:Smartism
7401:Shaktism
7394:Balinese
7379:Kaumaram
7374:Kapalika
7369:Kashmiri
7354:Shaivism
7294:Hinduism
7261:Caodaism
7205:Ryukyuan
7200:Tenrikyo
7195:Shugendō
7173:Japanese
7044:Yazidism
7029:Ishikism
6907:Quranism
6880:Khawarij
6829:Salafism
6824:Atharism
6713:Esoteric
6684:Holiness
6674:Lutheran
6635:Reformed
6615:Baptists
6588:Brethren
6552:Hussites
6540:Assyrian
6456:Haymanot
6410:Orthodox
6359:Religion
6011:Concepts
5901:Rajneesh
5608:Tenrikyo
5552:Theistic
5525:Satanism
5503:Sant Mat
5448:Opus Dei
5340:Kopimism
5176:Caodaism
4950:(2003).
4920:, Adam,
4918:Possamai
4789:(1948).
4696:(e-Book)
4665:(2005).
4649:archived
4595:(1999).
4552:Archived
4512:(2006).
4486:(2001).
4323:Archived
4251:Archived
4170:(1995),
4153:Archived
4018:(2001).
3998:Archived
3940:(1989).
3641:Archived
3621:Archived
3601:Archived
3545:17 March
3462:Archived
3425:Archived
3398:, p. 17.
3377:, p. 18.
2946:Archived
2766:Archived
2283:Archived
2264:Archived
2037:, 2011,
2003:Archived
1920:Archived
1885:cite web
1821:Archived
1791:Archived
1654:Archived
1624:Archived
1563:Archived
1527:: 7–36.
1499:Archived
1379:, 2007,
1218:See also
999:Satanism
796:theology
566:Violence
546:celibacy
540:Celibacy
484:Barbados
451:In 2006
421:and the
372:Sant Mat
368:Eckankar
366:founded
295:Zailiism
273:and the
179:, later
161:Tenrikyo
122:Tenrikyo
106:Buddhism
98:Hinduism
59:, Russia
11298:Uruguay
11273:Ecuador
11253:Bolivia
11230:Vanuatu
11157:Oceania
11107:Jamaica
11087:Grenada
11042:Bahamas
11002:England
10992:Ukraine
10947:Romania
10907:Moldova
10867:Ireland
10862:Iceland
10857:Hungary
10847:Germany
10837:Finland
10832:Estonia
10827:Denmark
10822:Czechia
10817:Croatia
10802:Belgium
10797:Belarus
10792:Austria
10787:Andorra
10782:Albania
10759:Vietnam
10669:Myanmar
10644:Lebanon
10562:Georgia
10522:Bahrain
10512:Armenia
10474:Tunisia
10444:Somalia
10429:Senegal
10414:Nigeria
10404:Namibia
10394:Morocco
10359:Liberia
10354:Lesotho
10304:Eritrea
10274:Comoros
10249:Burundi
10224:Algeria
10168:Outline
10133:Deities
10060:Atheism
9973:Science
9891:Freedom
9749:History
9716:studies
9669:Dualism
9659:Animism
9624:Worship
9604:Symbols
9545:Liturgy
9458:Goddess
9418:Deities
9399:Laicism
9389:Beliefs
9368:Aspects
9340:Zapotec
9335:Vainakh
9303:Yahwism
9288:Semitic
9217:Iranian
9119:Hurrian
9109:Hittite
9099:Guanche
9092:Orphism
9023:Fuegian
9018:Finnish
9006:Atenism
8952:Latvian
8937:Arabian
8880:Raëlism
8860:Jediism
8855:Goddess
8828:De novo
8716:Druidry
8610:Thelema
8563:New Age
8448:Umbanda
8339:Tumbuka
8324:Odinala
8309:Lugbara
8229:African
8195:African
8143:Bimoism
8133:Burmese
7979:Mapuche
7945:Wyandot
7905:Guarani
7886:Choctaw
7881:Chilote
7800:Alaskan
7795:Abenaki
7746:Tagalog
7719:Kejawèn
7568:Sikhism
7531:Jainism
7491:Tibetan
7474:Amidism
7342:Warkari
7256:Đạo Mẫu
7106:Chinese
7088:Eastern
7065:Roshani
6984:Iranian
6892:Alevism
6885:Ibadism
6858:Zaydism
6535:Ancient
6506:Eastern
6466:Renewal
6451:Karaite
6432:Zionist
6420:Hasidic
6402:Judaism
6384:Western
6088:New Age
5613:Thelema
5571:Shakers
5530:LaVeyan
5473:Raëlism
5369:Druidry
5290:Goddess
5202:Oneness
4305:(ed.).
3901:Sources
1702:. p. 28
1541:1390252
940:fandoms
918:" and "
895:, when
780:history
730:Leaving
697:Joining
673:In the
550:Shakers
520:mediums
468:New Age
413:, China
287:Hòa Hảo
283:Cao Đài
177:Donghak
140:History
102:Judaism
79:, is a
39:New Age
11339:Portal
11278:Guyana
11258:Brazil
11225:Tuvalu
11122:Panama
11112:Mexico
11057:Canada
11052:Belize
10982:Sweden
10962:Serbia
10952:Russia
10937:Poland
10932:Norway
10912:Monaco
10882:Latvia
10877:Kosovo
10852:Greece
10842:France
10774:Europe
10739:Turkey
10724:Taiwan
10629:Kuwait
10602:Jordan
10592:Israel
10552:Cyprus
10537:Brunei
10532:Bhutan
10484:Zambia
10479:Uganda
10419:Rwanda
10374:Malawi
10334:Guinea
10324:Gambia
10229:Angola
10216:Africa
10025:Wealth
9968:Schism
9923:Growth
9847:Priest
9832:Clergy
9651:Theism
9634:Nature
9629:Astral
9572:Groves
9540:Ritual
9525:Prayer
9483:Novice
9433:Ethnic
9358:Topics
9330:Urartu
9325:Tongan
9320:Somali
9315:Slavic
9195:Dacian
8974:Celtic
8969:Basque
8947:Baltic
8798:Udmurt
8763:Uralic
8758:Slavic
8711:Celtic
8699:Abkhaz
8687:Romuva
8677:Baltic
8652:Modern
8495:Papuan
8458:Voodoo
8413:Kumina
8354:Yoruba
8344:Urhobo
8314:Maasai
8299:Lotuko
8247:Baluba
8237:Akamba
8210:Berber
8168:Heraka
8158:Dongba
8036:Pueblo
8031:Pawnee
8021:Navajo
8011:Muisca
7974:Lenape
7962:Lakota
7940:Seneca
7930:Mohawk
7852:Ohlone
7827:Apache
7810:Ojibwe
7785:Native
7651:Manchu
7646:Evenki
7607:Altaic
7598:Ethnic
7573:Khalsa
7526:Kalash
7416:Śrauta
7285:Indian
7215:Korean
7181:Shinto
7151:Taoism
7124:Luoism
6950:Baháʼí
6945:Bábism
6897:Ahmadi
6875:Sufism
6868:Alawis
6518:Church
6446:Reform
6427:Modern
6415:Haredi
6154:CESNUR
6118:Schism
6063:Heresy
5443:Oomoto
5320:ISKCON
5181:Chabad
5137:Bábism
4960:
4941:
4903:(eds)
4863:
4824:
4780:
4757:
4710:
4639:
4611:
4581:
4544:
4520:
4498:
4472:
4419:Online
4378:
4361:
4337:
4315:
4297:
4288:
4243:
4219:
4200:
4182:
4120:
4080:
4068:
4059:
4028:
3992:
3961:
3950:
3928:
3722:
3714:. US:
3565:"Face
3394:
3373:
3353:
3313:
3280:
3211:
2758:
2588:
2535:
2512:
2405:
2369:
2341:
2313:
2087:
2041:, UK,
1698:
1601:
1539:
1469:
1391:
1306:
1182:INFORM
1053:, the
1049:, the
965:calque
954:, and
794:, and
382:, and
326:Shinto
267:Asatru
234:, the
165:Bábism
131:and a
112:, and
57:Moscow
11365:Cults
11263:Chile
11220:Tonga
11210:Samoa
11200:Palau
11190:Nauru
11097:Haiti
11017:Wales
10977:Spain
10902:Malta
10872:Italy
10764:Yemen
10719:Syria
10699:Qatar
10674:Nepal
10649:Macau
10612:Korea
10597:Japan
10572:India
10547:China
10459:Sudan
10409:Niger
10364:Libya
10349:Kenya
10329:Ghana
10319:Gabon
10294:Egypt
10234:Benin
10143:Index
10114:lists
9978:State
9796:Women
9664:Deism
9639:Place
9619:Water
9614:Truth
9582:Trees
9438:Faith
9403:Laity
9298:Punic
9256:Roman
9222:Vedic
9180:Olmec
9067:Greek
9060:Norse
8984:Irish
8805:Wicca
8600:Subud
8490:Inuit
8463:Winti
8453:Vodou
8418:Obeah
8398:Comfa
8381:Bantu
8334:Serer
8319:Mbuti
8279:Dogon
8274:Dinka
8257:Kongo
8252:Bantu
8178:Qiang
8068:Yaqui
7999:Olmec
7989:Aztec
7910:Haida
7847:Miwok
7842:Kuksu
7763:Māori
7694:Dayak
7615:Turko
7578:Sects
7514:Other
7469:Thiền
7053:Other
6955:Druze
6933:Other
6809:Sunni
6801:Islam
6583:Amish
6501:Latin
6300:Lists
5695:Wicca
4766:(ed)
4741:, in
4359:JSTOR
4286:JSTOR
4057:JSTOR
4001:(PDF)
3990:JSTOR
3970:(PDF)
3926:JSTOR
3428:(PDF)
3413:(PDF)
3278:S2CID
3209:S2CID
2949:(PDF)
2942:(PDF)
1870:(PDF)
1863:(PDF)
1595:59–62
1537:JSTOR
708:Stark
650:gurus
311:Wicca
148:1893
114:Islam
75:or a
11288:Peru
11170:Fiji
11067:Cuba
10679:Oman
10639:Laos
10587:Iraq
10582:Iran
10499:Asia
10469:Togo
10379:Mali
10269:Chad
10112:and
10039:and
9609:Text
9589:Soul
9478:Monk
9443:Fire
9124:Inca
8932:Ainu
8816:list
8793:Sámi
8423:Palo
8391:Ketu
8386:Jejé
8304:Lozi
8284:Efik
8262:Zulu
8242:Akan
8095:Ahom
8087:Miao
8085:and
8073:Zuni
8046:Hopi
7994:Maya
7891:Crow
7857:Pomo
7504:list
7461:Chan
7432:list
7389:Nath
7187:list
6923:list
6848:Shia
6790:list
6477:list
6123:Sect
6048:Cult
5896:Raël
5083:CoG7
4958:ISBN
4939:ISBN
4861:ISBN
4822:ISBN
4778:ISBN
4755:ISBN
4708:ISBN
4637:ISBN
4609:ISBN
4579:ISBN
4542:ISBN
4518:ISBN
4496:ISBN
4470:ISBN
4376:ISBN
4313:ISBN
4241:ISBN
4217:ISBN
4198:ISBN
4180:ISBN
4118:ISBN
4078:ISBN
4026:ISBN
3948:ISBN
3746:p. 8
3720:ISBN
3547:2010
3392:ISBN
3371:ISBN
3351:ISBN
3311:ISBN
2957:2022
2756:ISBN
2586:ISBN
2533:ISBN
2510:ISBN
2403:ISBN
2367:ISBN
2339:ISBN
2311:ISBN
2085:ISBN
1891:link
1696:ISBN
1599:ISBN
1467:ISBN
1389:ISBN
1304:ISBN
1234:Cult
1028:Cult
1013:and
920:sect
916:cult
907:and
879:The
867:and
710:and
684:, a
631:The
555:nuns
297:and
285:and
244:Jain
10013:War
9488:Nun
9453:God
8514:New
8359:Ifá
8329:San
8128:Bon
8083:Tai
8058:Ute
7465:Zen
7129:Nuo
5751:Báb
5088:SDA
4751:N.B
4700:doi
4436:doi
4399:doi
4351:doi
4339:———
4299:———
4278:doi
4145:doi
4070:———
4049:doi
3982:doi
3963:———
3918:doi
3769:doi
3268:doi
3201:doi
3011:doi
2748:doi
2399:272
2307:179
1529:doi
977:新宗教
967:of
574:in
394:to
336:.
232:Zen
83:or
69:NRM
11356::
9830:/
9401:/
8294:Ik
8105:Mo
4930:,
4841:,
4706:.
4635:.
4607:.
4550:.
4432:39
4430:.
4414:.
4395:45
4393:.
4357:.
4347:10
4345:.
4321:.
4284:.
4272:.
4249:.
4178:,
4174:,
4151:.
4141:21
4139:.
4135:.
4055:.
4043:.
3996:.
3988:.
3976:.
3972:.
3924:.
3912:.
3862:.
3765:46
3763:.
3731:^
3718:.
3682:^
3599:.
3595:,
3571:.
3473:^
3453:,
3443:^
3419:.
3415:.
3349:,
3345:,
3309:.
3276:.
3262:.
3258:.
3207:.
3197:47
3195:.
3083:^
3007:45
3005:.
2993:^
2915:^
2840:^
2825:^
2764:.
2754:.
2678:^
2663:^
2636:^
2609:^
2584:,
2551:,
2527:.
2457:^
2411:.
2401:.
2375:.
2347:.
2319:.
2309:.
2217:^
1997:.
1973:^
1926:,
1887:}}
1883:{{
1819:.
1815:.
1797:,
1768:.
1745:.
1715:,
1652:.
1648:.
1597:.
1589:.
1561:.
1557:.
1535:.
1525:11
1523:.
1497:.
1493:.
1489:.
1440:.
1399:^
1387:,
1383:,
1355:^
1326:^
1273:^
1122:,
1109:.
1009:,
948:,
845:A
833:.
790:,
786:,
782:,
778:,
774:,
603:.
522:.
444:.
437:.
402:.
313:.
222:.
108:,
104:,
100:,
63:A
8371::
7898:/
7617:-
7467:/
7463:/
6740:/
6554:/
6351:e
6344:t
6337:v
5347:/
5204:)
5200:(
5149:/
5071:/
5047:e
5040:t
5033:v
4828:.
4716:.
4702::
4677:.
4651:)
4647:(
4645:.
4617:.
4587:.
4526:.
4504:.
4478:.
4442:.
4438::
4421:.
4405:.
4401::
4384:.
4365:.
4353::
4332:.
4292:.
4280::
4274:8
4260:.
4225:.
4206:.
4162:.
4147::
4126:.
4086:.
4063:.
4051::
4045:8
4034:.
4010:.
3984::
3978:8
3956:.
3932:.
3920::
3914:9
3775:.
3771::
3748:.
3726:.
3647:,
3607:.
3569:"
3549:.
3437:.
3421:1
3319:.
3284:.
3270::
3264:6
3215:.
3203::
3017:.
3013::
2988:.
2963:.
2775:.
2750::
2093:.
2012:.
1893:)
1879:.
1830:.
1663:.
1633:.
1607:.
1572:.
1543:.
1531::
1508:.
1475:.
1450:.
1422:(
1283:.
980:)
974:(
67:(
41:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.