92:
108:
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the
Swedish governor, Printz, who arrived from Sweden the year after, (1642,) was to "act kindly and faithfully toward them; and as these English expected soon, by further arrivals, to increase their numbers to several hundreds, and seemed also willing to be subjects of the Swedish government, he was to receive them under allegiance, though not without endeavoring to effect their removal."
850:
vicinity of the fort. New Sweden was formally incorporated into New
Netherland although the Swedish and Finnish settlers were allowed local autonomy. They retained their own militia, religion, court, and lands. This lasted until the English conquest of New Netherland, launched on June 24, 1664. The Duke of York sold New Jersey to
1120:
The settlers came from all over the
Swedish realm. The percentage of Finns in New Sweden grew especially towards the end of the period of colonization. Finns composed 22 percent of the population during Swedish rule, and rose to about 50 percent after the colony came under Dutch rule. A contingent of
936:
ended the second period of Dutch control and required them to return all of New
Netherland to the English on June 29, including the three counties which they created. After taking stock, the English declared on November 11 that settlements on the west side of the Delaware River and Delaware Bay were
849:
In the summer of 1655, Stuyvesant sailed to
Delaware Bay with 7 ships and 317 soldiers and quickly retook Fort Casimir (Fort Trinity). Stuyvesant then proceeded to besiege Fort Christina which surrendered on September 15, 1655. During the siege, the Dutch plundered houses and killed livestock in the
2881:
In 1641, some
English families, (probably emigrants from New Haven, Conn.,) embracing about 60 persons, settled on Ferken's creek (now Salem.) About this period, the Swedes bought of the Indians the whole district from Cape May to Raccoon creek; and, in order to unite these English with the Swedes,
944:
The next step in the assimilation of New Sweden into New York was the extension of the Duke's laws into the region on
September 22, 1676. This was followed by the partition of some Upland Counties to conform to the borders of Pennsylvania and Delaware, with most of the Delaware portion going to New
1017:
has suggested that the greatest significance of New Sweden was the strong and lasting interest in
America that the colony generated in Sweden, although major Swedish immigration did not occur until the late 19th century. From 1870 to 1910, more than one million Swedes arrived in America, settling
953:
latitude. The eastern limit was the border with New Jersey at the
Delaware River, while the western limit was undefined. In June 1681, Upland ceased to exist as the result of the reorganization of the Colony of Pennsylvania, with the Upland government becoming the government of Chester County,
3060:
Travels into North
America: containing its natural history, and a circumstantial account of its plantations and agriculture in general, with the civil, ecclesiastical and commercial state of the country, the manners of the inhabitants, and several curious and important remarks on various
873:
In 1669, New Sweden was under British rule, but most of the population was still Swedish. A man named Marcus Jacobsson, posing as a member of the Königsmarck family, attempted to instigate a rebellion against the British to return New Sweden to Swedish rule. The rebellion, known as the
764:
down to Delaware Bay in what is now Pennsylvania, Delaware and Maryland. Lenape sachem Mattahoon later claimed that the purchase only included as much land as was contained within an area marked by "six trees", and the rest of the land occupied by the Swedes was stolen.
929:, and Upland County, which was later partitioned between New Castle County, Delaware, and the Colony of Pennsylvania. The three counties were created on September 12, 1673, the first two on the west shore of the Delaware River and the third on both sides of the river.
2583:: New York & Philadelphia, 1989, p. 18: "Lenapes... planted crops... in garden clearings hacked from the forest... Fallen trees and brush were gathered together or burned where they lay. Crops were then planted in the ash-enriched ground"
948:
On March 4, 1681, what had been the colony of New Sweden was formally partitioned into the colonies of Delaware and Pennsylvania. The border was established 12 miles north of New Castle, and the northern limit of Pennsylvania was set at
957:
On August 24, 1682, the Duke of York transferred the western Delaware River region to William Penn, including Delaware, thus transferring Deale County and St. Jones County from New York to Delaware. St. Jones County was renamed
2799:
776:
to bring a second group of settlers. He made a detour to the Caribbean to pick up a shipment of tobacco to sell in Europe in order to make the voyage profitable; however, he died on this voyage during a hurricane at
1125:
sailed to the colony in 1665, and 92 of the 106 passengers were listed as Finns. Memory of the early Finnish settlement lived on in place names near the Delaware River such as Finland (Marcus Hook), Torne, Lapland,
729:. Minuit served as the first governor of the colony of New Sweden. He had been the third Director of New Netherland, and he knew that the Dutch claimed the area surrounding the Delaware River and its bay. The
973:
visited the descendants of the early Swedish immigrants to New Sweden in the mid-18th century and documented their experiences with the Native American Indians who resided in those parts, in a book entitled
760:, and he persuaded the Lenape to sign deeds which he had prepared to resolve any issue with the Dutch. The Swedes claimed that the purchase included land on both sides of the South (Delaware) River from the
650:
and Newfoundland for the purposes of trade, particularly along the Delaware River. Its charter included Swedish, Dutch, and German stockholders. The directors of the company included Flemish/Dutch merchant
945:
Castle County on November 12, 1678. The remainder of Upland continued in place under the same name. On June 21, 1680, New Castle and Hoarkill Counties were partitioned to produce St. Jones County.
921:
resulted in the Dutch recapture of New Netherland in August 1673. They restored the status which predated the English capture, and codified it in the establishment of three counties:
3416:
2783:
4220:
878:
due to Jacobsson's height, failed. Jacobsson was sold into slavery in the Caribbean and the families that had supported him were fined for their participation in the revolt.
2944:
772:, objected to the Swedish presence, but Minuit ignored him since he knew that the Dutch were militarily weak at the moment. Minuit completed Fort Christina, then sailed for
1100:
Perhaps the greatest contribution of New Sweden to the development of the New World is the log house building technique. The colonists of New Sweden brought with them the
4210:
881:
New Sweden continued to exist unofficially, and some immigration and expansion continued. The first settlement at Wicaco began with a Swedish log blockhouse located on
2970:
427:
402:
388:
1038:
941:, including the three Counties. This declaration was followed by a declaration that renamed New Amstel as New Castle. The other counties retained their Dutch names.
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551:
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and other provinces in central Sweden during the late-16th to mid-17th century. Their relocation had started as part of an effort by Swedish King
4245:
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1220:
801:
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Some Account of William Usselinx and Peter Minuit: Two individuals who were instrumental in establishing the first permanent colony in Delaware
4205:
851:
711:
28:
3565:
107:
3892:
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808:, at Fort Nya Gothenborg, and the Swedish colony prospered for a time. New Sweden established a strong trading relationship with the
2524:
1740:
4033:
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on the west side of the Delaware River a few miles south of Fort Christina. In May 1654, soldiers from New Sweden led by Governor
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1927:
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in Swedish). In November 1654, the directors of the Dutch West India Company ordered the Director-General of New Netherland,
318:
3326:
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3436:
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2030:
501:
4240:
4039:
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3456:
3451:
2821:
1672:
1046:
1763:
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1961:
1813:
1602:
1499:
1182:
1137:, people of Finnish descent who had been living in the forest areas of Central Sweden. The Forest Finns had moved from
1090:
886:
2490:
4280:
4250:
4150:
4077:
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3147:
3133:
3119:
3105:
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3034:
2831:
2793:
1991:
1954:
The Island at the Center of the World: The Epic Story of Dutch Manhattan and the Forgotten Colony That Shaped America
2708:
2331:(Thomas Burgess. New York: Foreign-Born Americans Division, Episcopal Diocese of New York. National Council, 1929)
4265:
4260:
3953:
3313:
2124:
1030:
616:
596:
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to expand agriculture to these uninhabited parts of the country. The Finns in Savonia traditionally farmed with a
1104:, which became such an icon of the American frontier that it is commonly thought of as an American structure. The
612:
4225:
3558:
1086:
1070:
655:. The company sponsored 11 expeditions in 14 separate voyages to Delaware between 1638 and 1655; two were lost.
91:
3259:
2432:
4285:
3677:
1232:
1201:
1138:
2668:
1066:
991:
933:
646:(also known as the Company of New-Sweden) was founded in 1626 with a mandate to establish colonies between
2667:, Elizabeth D. Day, University Archives and Records Center. University of Pennsylvania, October 10, 2005)
3983:
2823:"Their houses are some Built of timber": The colonial timber frame houses of Fenwick's Colony, New Jersey
2304:
1643:
926:
620:
20:
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in late March 1638 and anchored on March 29 at a rocky point on the Minquas Kill that is known today as
4179:
3689:
3683:
3551:
3383:
3368:
2967:"The Kepharts: Cohawkin, Raccoon Creek, Narraticon all names left by Lenni-Lenape in Gloucester County"
2196:
1523:
1380:
1370:
624:
592:
516:
216:
2154:
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1607:
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902:
738:
132:
789:
280:
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3771:
3671:
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1320:
1074:
1054:
1007:
875:
730:
178:
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Mary Trotter Kion, "New Sweden: The First Colony in Delaware". July 23, 2006; accessed 2010.03.10.
585:
had reached its greatest territorial extent and was one of the great powers of Europe; it was the
3832:
3814:
1336:
1228:
1078:
963:
922:
733:, however, had withdrawn its settlers from the area in order to concentrate on the settlement on
1838:
The Contest for the Delaware Valley: Allegiance, Identity, and Empire in the Seventeenth Century
1559:
1272:), located at the end of Chestnut Street near Harmony & 2nd streets in New Castle, Delaware.
781:
in the Caribbean. The official duties of the governor of New Sweden were carried out by Captain
4142:
4045:
3659:
3484:
3373:
3363:
3012:. The Swedish American Tercentenary Association. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press
2011:: Swedish-Dutch Relations in the Delaware Valley". In Hoffecker, Carol E.; et al. (eds.).
1420:
1410:
1214:
1050:
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and ended with the capture of Fort Casimir in October. This took place at the beginning of the
825:
341:
268:
3989:
3923:
3838:
3378:
3276:
2150:
1657:
1310:
1197:
1109:
1082:
1061:, is one of the few settlements in the area retaining a Swedish name, and Upland survives as
1042:
959:
906:
643:
1736:
1359:, Druweeÿland, or Manaiping (1643; modern southwest Philadelphia, on Province Island on the
782:
256:
4059:
4007:
3880:
3802:
3665:
3635:
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3489:
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1622:
1390:
1286:
1190:
1062:
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1034:
995:
938:
813:
667:
512:
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2637:(Federal Writers' Project of WPA. Bayonne, New Jersey: Jersey Printing Company, Inc. 1938)
8:
4200:
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3394:
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1648:
1638:
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532:
204:
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on the east side of the Delaware River as the only Dutch outpost on the Delaware River.
4158:
4071:
3641:
3623:
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3024:
2858:
2351:
2116:
1981:
1094:
703:
659:
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3129:
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3101:
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2332:
2108:
2065:
1987:
1957:
1842:
1632:
1400:
1206:
797:
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plantation and fur-trading colony to circumvent French, English and Dutch merchants.
604:
359:
185:
2921:
2460:
1919:
3898:
3874:
3808:
3783:
3741:
3600:
3494:
3005:
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2766:
2617:
2594:
2097:"The Revolt of the Long Swede: Transatlantic Hopes and Fears on the Delaware, 1669"
1875:
1712:
1667:
1617:
1489:
1360:
1252:
1014:
918:
867:
859:
843:
761:
734:
670:, a Swedish admiral from Finland. Blommaert assisted the fitting-out and appointed
652:
457:
174:
156:
152:
73:
573:
The relative locations of New Netherland (in magenta) and New Sweden (in blue) in
569:
4095:
4013:
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707:
647:
600:
160:
121:
2411:
2026:
542:
4053:
4027:
3723:
3461:
3093:
2771:. Vol. 2. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Dutch Colonial Society. p. 496.
1720:
1687:
1467:
1256:
1178:
1154:
715:
675:
587:
564:
536:
528:
508:
469:
465:
420:
393:
292:
164:
142:
98:
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in Philadelphia in 1669. It was later used as a church until about 1700, when
4194:
3977:
3729:
3710:
3228:
2112:
1627:
1547:
1224:
1210:
1023:
863:
835:
809:
805:
785:, until a new governor was selected and arrived from Sweden two years later.
753:
699:
690:
608:
574:
547:
489:
445:
304:
43:
30:
1809:
986:
830:
In 1651, the Dutch West India Company abandoned Fort Nassau and established
4001:
3856:
3850:
1682:
1652:
1475:
1265:
1260:
1246:
1134:
1097:
houses many exhibits, documents, and artifacts from the New Sweden colony.
882:
831:
769:
679:
671:
485:
244:
3178:
Narratives of Early Pennsylvania, West New Jersey, and Delaware, 1630–1707
2279:: Volume 119; Record of the Court at Upland, in Pennsylvania, 1676 to 1681
2247:: Volume 119; Record of the Court at Upland, in Pennsylvania, 1676 to 1681
3941:
3826:
3820:
3534:
Article also discusses colonization in Central and South America and Asia
2201:; Vol. 13, p. 136; Dobbs Ferry, New York, Oceana Publications, 1969–1981.
1662:
1537:
1242:
1238:
1150:
1127:
778:
497:
2610:
Narratives of Early Pennsylvania, West New Jersey and Delaware 1630–1707
2120:
2096:
4021:
3331:
2854:
1146:
910:
721:
In the following years, the area was settled by roughly 600 Swedes and
684:
663:
481:
3164:
Willem Usselinx: Founder of the Dutch and Swedish West India Companies
897:
858:
to become a proprietary colony, separate from the projected colony of
3929:
3516:
3054:
1101:
1029:
Traces of New Sweden persist in the lower Delaware valley, including
1019:
970:
726:
628:
3543:
3240:
350th Anniversary of the Landing of the Swedes and Finns in Delaware
1057:. All of those churches are commonly known as "Old Swedes' Church".
3765:
3223:
2261:
Documents Relative to the Colonial History of the State of New York
2229:
Documents Relative to the Colonial History of the State of New York
2215:
Documents Relative to the Colonial History of the State of New York
2182:
Documents Relative to the Colonial History of the State of New York
695:
591:("age of greatness" or "great power period"). Sweden then included
477:
473:
3202:
2688:, Henry Graham Ashmead. Philadelphia: L. H. Everts & Co. 1884
2599:. Vol. 1. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Dutch Colonial Society.
1880:. Vol. 2. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Dutch Colonial Society.
1112:, is one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.
1073:
Counties, Pennsylvania, although Swedesford has long since become
507:
Settlements were established on both sides of the Delaware River.
3218:
2015:. Newark, Delaware: University of Delaware Press. pp. 69–85.
1555:
1142:
745:
636:
3000:
A Folk Divided: Homeland Swedes and Swedish Americans, 1840–1940
2281:. Pennsylvania: Historical Society of Pennsylvania. p. 196.
2249:. Pennsylvania: Historical Society of Pennsylvania. p. 198.
725:, a number of Dutchmen, a few Germans, a Dane, and at least one
3912:
Non-British colonial entities in the contemporary United States
3304:
1798:. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press.
1551:
1158:
749:
632:
582:
520:
407:
1169:
3064:. Translated by Johann Reinhold Forster. London: T. Lowndes.
2547:"Finland monument at Concord Avenue in Chester, Pennsylvania"
1904:
Thorne, Kathryn; Ford, Compiler; Long, John H., eds. (1993).
1002:
862:. The invasion began on August 29, 1664, with the capture of
744:
Minuit landed on the west bank of the river and met with the
722:
524:
788:
The colony expanded along the river under the leadership of
3274:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2146:
627:. Other European nations were establishing colonies in the
577:
with modern state boundaries and postal abbreviations shown
3424:
631:
and building successful trading empires at this time. The
2209:
2207:
2066:"Chronology of Colonial Swedes on the Delaware 1638–1713"
1764:
The Swedish fiscal-military state and its navy, 1521–1721
550:
translated into local Native American languages by Swede
527:, and a number of Dutch. New Sweden was conquered by the
2169:
658:
The first Swedish expedition to America sailed from the
2484:"Highlights of Research in Scandinavia on Forest Finns"
2410:. Richard Stokton College of New Jersey. Archived from
2352:"Museum Galleries | American Swedish Historical Museum"
2221:
694:; territory that was claimed by the Dutch. They passed
635:
sought to expand their influence by creating their own
3112:
A Man and his Ship, Peter Minuet and the Kalmar Nyckel
2204:
1006:
Old Swedes Church, built in the era of New Sweden, in
909:, built in 1638 in New Sweden, is the oldest house in
4221:
1655 disestablishments in the Swedish colonial empire
2433:
Oldest – Log House in North America – Superlatives on
678:) to lead the expedition. The expedition sailed into
3709:
Other British colonial entities in the contemporary
3224:
The New Sweden Centre – museum, tours and reenactors
1569:
1295:, Finlandia, or Chamassungh (1641 and 1643; modern
1157:method which was also used by the local indigenous
892:
838:
captured Fort Casimir and renamed it Fort Trinity (
4211:1638 establishments in the Swedish colonial empire
2768:The Swedish Settlements on the Delaware, 1638-1664
2596:The Swedish Settlements on the Delaware, 1638-1664
2333:http://anglicanhistory.org/lutherania/swedish_folk
2329:Project Canterbury. Swedish Folk within Our Church
2253:
2101:The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography
1877:The Swedish Settlements on the Delaware, 1638-1664
796:on the east bank of the Delaware near what is now
3114:. Wilmington, Delaware: Kalmar Nyckel Foundation
2826:. University of Michigan Ann Arbor. p. 182.
2760:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2285:
2277:Memoirs of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania
2245:Memoirs of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania
1268:(1654) – also known as Fort Trinity (in Swedish,
4192:
3187:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press
2744:
2742:
2740:
2738:
2736:
2734:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2726:
1834:
756:. They held a conclave in Minuit's cabin on the
3893:Colony of British Columbia and Vancouver Island
3090:. Wilmington, Delaware: Delaware Heritage Press
2989:
2918:Trinity Episcopal "Old Swedes" Church
2665:Kingsessing: Swedish Settlement to Urban Blight
2489:. American-Swedish Organization. Archived from
1792:The Dutch & Swedes on the Delaware, 1609–64
1351:Tinicum Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania
792:, governor from 1643 to 1653. They established
3142:. Wilmington, Delaware: Middle Atlantic Press
3128:. Wilmington, Delaware: Middle Atlantic Press
3050:. Philadelphia: International Printing Company
2898:. The Swedish Colonial Society. Archived from
1906:New York Atlas of Historical County Boundaries
1903:
4271:States and territories disestablished in 1655
3559:
3410:
3260:
2785:Land Title Origins: A Tale of Force and Fraud
2723:
2442:. Waymarking.com. Retrieved on July 23, 2013.
1209:(1643) – between present-day Salem Creek and
706:. They built a fort at the confluence of the
65:
2653:. Philadelphia: L. H. Everts & Co. 1884
3185:Dutch and Swedes on the Delaware, 1609–1664
2616:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1912)
2263:. Vol. 12. pp. 654, 664, 666–667.
1975:
1973:
1828:
1369:or Minqua's Island (1644; modern southwest
966:, and New Castle County retained its name.
4276:States and territories established in 1638
3566:
3552:
3417:
3403:
3267:
3253:
2853:
1810:"A Brief History of New Sweden in America"
1441:or Timber Island (1654; modern Wilmington)
981:
535:and incorporated into the Dutch colony of
106:
4236:Colonization history of the United States
3002:. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis
2273:
2241:
1947:
1945:
819:
3208:A Brief History of New Sweden in America
3022:
2819:
2781:
2686:History of Delaware County, Pennsylvania
2647:History of Delaware County, Pennsylvania
1979:
1970:
1276:
1168:
1001:
985:
896:
846:, to "drive" the Swedes from the river.
812:and supported them in their war against
666:in late 1637, organized and overseen by
568:
541:
515:, was the first settlement, named after
502:Swedish efforts to colonize the Americas
4216:1655 disestablishments in North America
2934:
2764:
2592:
2527:from the original on September 18, 2021
2094:
2006:
2000:
1930:from the original on September 24, 2015
1920:"Estonians in North America, 1627–1896"
1884:
1873:
1133:A portion of these Finns were known as
889:of Philadelphia was built on the site.
4246:European colonization of North America
4193:
3426:European colonization of North America
3203:The American Swedish Historical Museum
3198:The Finns in American Colonial History
1951:
1942:
1897:
1867:
1816:from the original on February 27, 2023
1784:
1782:
1780:
16:Former Swedish colony in North America
4231:Colonial settlements in North America
4119:Discourse Concerning Western Planting
3573:
3547:
3398:
3248:
3173:. The Historical Society of Delaware.
3098:The Island at the Center of the World
2973:from the original on November 6, 2018
2947:from the original on November 6, 2018
2481:
2362:from the original on October 26, 2017
2188:
2127:from the original on October 13, 2022
2076:from the original on October 13, 2022
1743:from the original on January 15, 2020
1613:European colonization of the Americas
472:between 1638 and 1655 in present-day
4206:1638 establishments in North America
3948:Captaincy General of the Philippines
3235:Johnson's detailed map of New Sweden
3126:New Sweden on the Delaware 1638–1655
3053:
2893:
2384:, Weathervane Books, 1968. pp. 4–5.
1841:. Louisiana State University Press.
1788:
1461:
1121:140 Finns arrived in 1664. The ship
1115:
1065:. Swedesford Road is still found in
994:stamp commemorating the founding of
3180:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons
2871:from the original on April 13, 2023
2802:from the original on April 13, 2023
2707:. State of Delaware. Archived from
2557:from the original on March 13, 2016
2514:
2408:Art and Archtitecture of New Jersey
2157:from the original on April 22, 1997
2033:from the original on April 23, 2003
1855:from the original on April 13, 2023
1777:
1673:Swedish emigration to North America
1130:, Mullica Hill, and Mullica River.
581:By the middle of the 17th century,
13:
3153:
3140:The Swedes and Dutch at New Castle
2635:The Swedes and Finns in New Jersey
2294:, 2nd series, Vol. 5: pp. 739–744.
1635:, Swedish American Lutheran pastor
1603:American Swedish Historical Museum
1251:Fort Nya Korsholm (1647) – on the
1193:, later renamed Fort Altena (1655)
1091:American Swedish Historical Museum
14:
4297:
4151:Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
3632:(1629–1641; 1679–1686; 1689–1776)
3231:at the FamilySearch Research Wiki
3191:
2937:"What's in a Name? Raccoon Creek"
2231:. Vol. 12. pp. 561–563.
2184:. Vol. 12. pp. 507–508.
2147:"Gloria Dei (Old Swedes') Church"
1908:. The Newbury Library. p. 5.
4256:Former colonies in North America
4175:
4174:
3954:Captaincy General of Puerto Rico
3303:
3176:Myers, Albert Cook, ed. (1912).
2404:"Nothnagle Log Cabin, Gibbstown"
1812:. The Swedish Colonial Society.
1586:
1572:
1219:Fort Nya Gothenborg (1643) – on
1108:on Swedesboro-Paulsboro Road in
998:, once part of New Sweden (1938)
893:Hoarkill, New Amstel, and Upland
804:. Printz built his manor house,
768:The Director of New Netherland,
500:, New Sweden formed part of the
425:
400:
386:
90:
3166:. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons.
2959:
2935:Roncace, Kelly (May 14, 2012).
2928:
2906:
2887:
2847:
2813:
2775:
2693:
2679:
2658:
2640:
2628:
2603:
2586:
2569:
2539:
2508:
2475:
2445:
2426:
2396:
2387:
2374:
2344:
2322:
2309:
2297:
2267:
2235:
2139:
2088:
2058:
2045:
2029:. West Jersey History Project.
2019:
1912:
1435:(1654; modern Wilmington, Del.)
1429:(1654; modern Wilmington, Del.)
887:Gloria Dei (Old Swedes') Church
468:along the lower reaches of the
3029:. New York, New York: Norton.
3008:and Naboth Hedin, eds. (1938)
1986:. New York, New York: Norton.
1802:
1755:
1729:
1706:
1200:, near Finlandia or Upland in
969:Swedish explorer and botanist
1:
3793:
3026:The Ambiguous Iroquois Empire
2894:Williams, Rev. Dr. Kim-Eric.
2782:Chandler, Alfred N. (2000) ,
2007:Gehring, Charles T. (1995). "
1983:The Ambiguous Iroquois Empire
1694:
1651:, first chief justice of the
1233:Delaware County, Pennsylvania
1202:Delaware County, Pennsylvania
1196:Fort Mecoponacka (1641) – in
934:Treaty of Westminster of 1674
800:, and Fort Nya Gothenborg on
599:, along with parts of modern
113:
3899:Province of British Columbia
3219:The Swedish Colonial Society
3010:Swedes in America, 1638–1938
2990:General and cited references
2788:, Beard Books, p. 242,
2482:Wedin, Maud (October 2012).
2217:. Vol. 12. p. 515.
1699:
7:
2914:"History: Early Settlement"
2820:Sheridan, Janet L. (2007).
1956:. New York, NY: Doubleday.
1644:New Sweden Farmstead Museum
1565:
1329:(1643; modern Chester, Pa.)
962:, Deale County was renamed
21:New Sweden (disambiguation)
10:
4302:
4241:Economic history of Sweden
4078:Brandenburger Saint Thomas
3887:Colony of British Columbia
3384:Swedish West India Company
3369:Swedish East India Company
3213:December 11, 2005, at the
3169:Mickley, Joseph J. (1881)
3048:The Swedes on the Delaware
3023:Jennings, Francis (1984).
2896:"Trinity Episcopal Church"
2274:Armstrong, Edward (1860).
2242:Armstrong, Edward (1860).
2197:Consolidated Treaty Series
1980:Jennings, Francis (1984).
1890:McCormick, p. 12; Munroe,
1789:Ward, Christopher (1930).
1381:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
1371:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
1237:Fort Nya Vasa (1646) – at
976:Travels into North America
823:
562:
558:
517:Christina, Queen of Sweden
18:
4170:
4114:
4105:
4048:, 1682–1763 and 1801–1803
3966:Captaincy General of Cuba
3919:
3908:
3790:New England Confederation
3719:
3705:
3619:
3581:
3530:
3432:
3356:
3340:
3312:
3301:
3287:
3183:Ward, Christopher (1930)
2765:Johnson, Amandus (1911).
2593:Johnson, Amandus (1911).
1874:Johnson, Amandus (1911).
1835:Mark L. Thompson (2013).
1608:C. A. Nothnagle Log House
1447:(1654; modern Wilmington)
1297:Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania
1241:, on the eastern-side of
1106:C. A. Nothnagle Log House
903:C. A. Nothnagle Log House
511:, located in what is now
492:. Established during the
441:
365:
355:
351:
338:
328:
324:
314:
310:
298:
286:
274:
262:
250:
238:
234:
226:
222:
210:
198:
194:
184:
170:
148:
138:
128:
105:
87:
82:
60:
4281:Swedish-American history
4251:Finnish-American history
3960:Santa Fe de Nuevo México
3772:Massachusetts Bay Colony
2705:Delaware Public Archives
2581:Chelsea House Publishers
2553:. ExplorePAhistory.com.
2382:The Brandywine Tradition
1952:Shorto, Russell (2004).
1516:) or "Christina Creek" (
1379:(1644; modern southwest
1321:Salem County, New Jersey
1173:A 1638 map of New Sweden
1164:
1055:Swedesburg, Pennsylvania
1047:Trinity Episcopal Church
1045:Church in Philadelphia,
1022:and other states of the
1008:Swedesburg, Pennsylvania
876:Revolt of the Long Swede
731:Dutch West India Company
674:(the former Governor of
179:Native American religion
4266:History of Philadelphia
4261:Former Swedish colonies
4090:Scottish Darien Company
4034:Hospitaller Saint Croix
3833:Dominion of New England
3815:North-Western Territory
3138:Weslager, C. A. (1987)
3124:Weslager, C. A. (1988)
3110:Weslager, C. A. (1990)
3086:Munroe, John A. (1977)
2867:, New York: S. Tuttle,
2523:. Library of Congress.
2438:March 28, 2019, at the
2356:www.americanswedish.org
2338:April 18, 2010, at the
1769:March 10, 2021, at the
1482:), "New Sweden River" (
1337:Eddystone, Pennsylvania
1309:(1641 and 1643; modern
1285:(1638 and 1641; modern
1079:Swedeland, Pennsylvania
1053:, and Christ Church in
982:Significance and legacy
937:to be dependent on the
4226:17th century in Sweden
4143:Of Plymouth Plantation
3865:(1779–1783; 1814–1815)
3774:(1629–1686; 1689–1691)
3750:(1620–1686; 1689–1691)
3662:(1664–1673; 1702–1776)
3374:Swedish Levant Company
3364:Swedish Africa Company
3100:. New York: Doubleday
2701:"Site of Fort Casimir"
2673:June 16, 2016, at the
2622:June 26, 2012, at the
2517:"The Finns in America"
2095:Haefeli, Evan (2006).
1724:
1716:
1496:) meaning hidden river
1421:Bridgeport, New Jersey
1411:Swedesboro, New Jersey
1215:Bridgeport, New Jersey
1174:
1141:in Eastern Finland to
1051:Swedesboro, New Jersey
1010:
999:
914:
868:Second Anglo-Dutch War
826:Conquest of New Sweden
820:Conquest of New Sweden
790:Johan Björnsson Printz
578:
555:
464:) was a colony of the
461:
281:Johan Björnsson Printz
269:Peter Hollander Ridder
66:
3924:Columbian Viceroyalty
3379:Swedish South Company
2924:on September 5, 2008.
2521:European Reading Room
2292:Pennsylvania Archives
2151:National Park Service
2013:New Sweden in America
1658:Possessions of Sweden
1311:Chester, Pennsylvania
1277:Permanent settlements
1172:
1110:Gibbstown, New Jersey
1083:Upper Merion Township
1043:St. James Kingsessing
1005:
989:
919:Third Anglo-Dutch War
907:Gibbstown, New Jersey
900:
644:Swedish South Company
572:
563:Further information:
545:
149:Common languages
44:39.73667°N 75.53861°W
4286:Wilmington, Delaware
4060:Dutch Virgin Islands
4008:Spanish West Florida
4002:Spanish East Florida
3881:Stickeen Territories
3586:New England Colonies
3490:Fridtjof Nansen Land
3160:Jameson, J. Franklin
2969:. November 7, 2010.
2902:on January 15, 2008.
2651:Henry Graham Ashmead
2009:Hodi Mihi, Cras Tibi
1623:Flag of Philadelphia
1560:Eric Pålsson Mullica
1478:), "Swedish River" (
1474:; as opposed to the
1391:Yeadon, Pennsylvania
1287:Wilmington, Delaware
1191:Wilmington, Delaware
1063:Upland, Pennsylvania
1059:Christiana, Delaware
1035:Wilmington, Delaware
996:Wilmington, Delaware
939:Province of New York
668:Clas Larsson Fleming
546:Little Catechism of
519:. The settlers were
513:Wilmington, Delaware
19:For other uses, see
3996:Provincias Internas
3972:Spanish Saint Croix
3596:Chesapeake Colonies
3485:Erik the Red's Land
3357:Chartered companies
3295:Dominions of Sweden
2053:History of Delaware
1739:. World Statesmen.
1649:Olof Persson Stille
1639:Lower Swedish Cabin
1580:Philadelphia portal
1484:Nya Sweriges Rivier
1455:Darby, Pennsylvania
1031:Holy Trinity Church
718:after their Queen.
533:Second Northern War
531:in 1655 during the
330:• Established
112:Map of New Sweden,
49:39.73667; -75.53861
40: /
4159:Quintipartite Deed
4072:Danish West Indies
4040:French Saint Croix
3348:Swedish Gold Coast
2941:South Jersey Times
2711:on August 21, 2010
2575:Robert S. Grumet,
2551:Historical Markers
2496:on August 10, 2014
2457:www.genealogia.org
2194:Parry, Clive, ed.
2070:colonialswedes.net
1678:Old Swedes' Church
1550:, named for early
1492:: "Schuyl Creek" (
1175:
1095:South Philadelphia
1011:
1000:
915:
783:Måns Nilsson Kling
579:
556:
552:Johannes Campanius
496:when Sweden was a
257:Måns Nilsson Kling
4188:
4187:
4163:
4155:
4147:
4139:
4131:
4127:Mayflower Compact
4123:
4108:Related Documents
3990:Spanish Louisiana
3869:Columbia District
3792:(1643–1654; 1675–
3678:Massachusetts Bay
3606:Southern Colonies
3575:Thirteen Colonies
3541:
3540:
3392:
3391:
3088:Colonial Delaware
3018:978-0-8383-0326-9
3006:Benson, Adolph B.
2996:Barton, H. Arnold
2614:Albert Cook Myers
1892:Colonial Delaware
1848:978-0-8071-5060-3
1633:Laurentius Carels
1512:: "Susquehanna" (
1470:: "South River" (
1462:Rivers and creeks
1419:(c. 1649; modern
1409:(c. 1649; modern
1401:West Philadelphia
1223:near the site of
1207:Fort Nya Elfsborg
1116:Finnish influence
1087:Montgomery County
1039:Gloria Dei Church
927:New Amstel County
917:The start of the
798:Salem, New Jersey
794:Fort Nya Elfsborg
714:which they named
621:Gustavus Adolphus
494:Thirty Years' War
451:
450:
437:
436:
433:
432:
413:
412:
360:Swedish riksdaler
300:• 1654–1655
288:• 1653–1654
276:• 1643–1653
264:• 1640–1643
252:• 1638–1640
212:• 1654–1660
200:• 1632–1654
186:Monarch of Sweden
4293:
4178:
4177:
4161:
4153:
4145:
4137:
4135:Mourt's Relation
4129:
4121:
4046:French Louisiana
3875:Red River Colony
3798:
3795:
3742:Berkeley Hundred
3601:Tobacco Colonies
3568:
3561:
3554:
3545:
3544:
3495:Sverdrup Islands
3419:
3412:
3405:
3396:
3395:
3327:Saint Barthélemy
3307:
3269:
3262:
3255:
3246:
3245:
3083:
3044:Johnson, Amandus
3040:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2978:
2963:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2952:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2920:. Archived from
2910:
2904:
2903:
2891:
2885:
2884:
2878:
2876:
2851:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2840:
2817:
2811:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2779:
2773:
2772:
2762:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2716:
2697:
2691:
2683:
2677:
2662:
2656:
2644:
2638:
2632:
2626:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2590:
2584:
2573:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2543:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2512:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2495:
2488:
2479:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2463:on July 26, 2011
2459:. Archived from
2453:"genealogia.org"
2449:
2443:
2430:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2414:on July 19, 2011
2400:
2394:
2391:
2385:
2378:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2367:
2348:
2342:
2326:
2320:
2313:
2307:
2303:Kalm (1772), p.
2301:
2295:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2271:
2265:
2264:
2257:
2251:
2250:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2225:
2219:
2218:
2211:
2202:
2192:
2186:
2185:
2178:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2062:
2056:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2023:
2017:
2016:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1977:
1968:
1967:
1949:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1924:www.oocities.org
1916:
1910:
1909:
1901:
1895:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1871:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1786:
1775:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1733:
1727:
1710:
1668:Swedish American
1618:Finnish American
1596:
1591:
1590:
1589:
1582:
1577:
1576:
1575:
1540:: Varkens Kill (
1502:: "Fish Creek" (
1500:Brandywine Creek
1490:Schuylkill River
1361:Schuylkill River
1253:Schuylkill River
1183:Brandywine Creek
1181:(1638) – at the
1018:particularly in
1015:H. Arnold Barton
951:42 degrees north
844:Peter Stuyvesant
762:Schuylkill River
735:Manhattan Island
712:Brandywine Creek
653:Samuel Blommaert
429:
428:
417:
416:
404:
403:
390:
389:
383:
382:
367:
366:
217:Charles X Gustav
175:Church of Sweden
118:
115:
110:
94:
77:
69:
58:
57:
55:
54:
52:
51:
50:
45:
41:
38:
37:
36:
33:
4301:
4300:
4296:
4295:
4294:
4292:
4291:
4290:
4191:
4190:
4189:
4184:
4166:
4110:
4101:
4096:Russian America
4014:Alta California
3984:Las Californias
3936:Spanish Florida
3915:
3904:
3796:
3715:
3701:
3615:
3611:United Colonies
3591:Middle Colonies
3577:
3572:
3542:
3537:
3526:
3428:
3423:
3393:
3388:
3352:
3336:
3308:
3299:
3283:
3275:Former Swedish
3273:
3215:Wayback Machine
3194:
3156:
3154:Further reading
3094:Shorto, Russell
3072:
3037:
2992:
2987:
2986:
2976:
2974:
2965:
2964:
2960:
2950:
2948:
2933:
2929:
2912:
2911:
2907:
2892:
2888:
2874:
2872:
2859:Barber, John W.
2852:
2848:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2818:
2814:
2805:
2803:
2796:
2780:
2776:
2763:
2724:
2714:
2712:
2699:
2698:
2694:
2684:
2680:
2675:Wayback Machine
2663:
2659:
2645:
2641:
2633:
2629:
2624:Wayback Machine
2608:
2604:
2591:
2587:
2574:
2570:
2560:
2558:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2530:
2528:
2515:Spiegel, Taru.
2513:
2509:
2499:
2497:
2493:
2486:
2480:
2476:
2466:
2464:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2440:Wayback Machine
2431:
2427:
2417:
2415:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2392:
2388:
2380:Henry C. Pitz,
2379:
2375:
2365:
2363:
2350:
2349:
2345:
2340:Wayback Machine
2327:
2323:
2314:
2310:
2302:
2298:
2290:
2286:
2272:
2268:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2240:
2236:
2227:
2226:
2222:
2213:
2212:
2205:
2193:
2189:
2180:
2179:
2170:
2160:
2158:
2145:
2144:
2140:
2130:
2128:
2093:
2089:
2079:
2077:
2064:
2063:
2059:
2050:
2046:
2036:
2034:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2005:
2001:
1994:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1950:
1943:
1933:
1931:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1902:
1898:
1889:
1885:
1872:
1868:
1858:
1856:
1849:
1833:
1829:
1819:
1817:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1795:
1787:
1778:
1771:Wayback Machine
1760:
1756:
1746:
1744:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1711:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1594:Delaware portal
1592:
1587:
1585:
1578:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1534:meaning Raccoon
1526:: "Narraticon"
1510:Christina River
1480:Swenskes Rivier
1464:
1279:
1187:Christina River
1167:
1118:
984:
923:Hoarkill County
895:
856:George Carteret
828:
822:
779:St. Christopher
708:Christina River
704:Swedes' Landing
625:Queen Christina
567:
561:
426:
401:
387:
344:
331:
319:Colonial period
301:
289:
277:
265:
253:
241:
213:
201:
177:
124:
122:Amandus Johnson
119:
116:
101:
96:
95:
78:
71:
63:
48:
46:
42:
39:
34:
31:
29:
27:
26:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4299:
4289:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4186:
4185:
4183:
4182:
4171:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4164:
4156:
4148:
4140:
4132:
4124:
4115:
4112:
4111:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4099:
4093:
4087:
4081:
4075:
4069:
4063:
4057:
4054:New Netherland
4051:
4050:
4049:
4043:
4037:
4031:
4028:French Florida
4019:
4018:
4017:
4011:
4005:
3999:
3993:
3987:
3981:
3975:
3969:
3963:
3957:
3951:
3945:
3939:
3927:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3914:
3913:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3896:
3890:
3884:
3878:
3872:
3866:
3860:
3854:
3848:
3842:
3839:Indian Reserve
3836:
3830:
3824:
3818:
3812:
3806:
3800:
3787:
3781:
3775:
3769:
3763:
3757:
3751:
3745:
3739:
3733:
3727:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3713:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3700:
3699:
3693:
3690:South Carolina
3687:
3684:North Carolina
3681:
3675:
3669:
3663:
3657:
3651:
3645:
3639:
3633:
3627:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3614:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3571:
3570:
3563:
3556:
3548:
3539:
3538:
3536:
3535:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3525:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3498:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3479:
3474:
3469:
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490:United States
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3851:East Florida
3672:Pennsylvania
3648:Rhode Island
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2975:. Retrieved
2961:
2949:. Retrieved
2940:
2930:
2922:the original
2917:
2908:
2900:the original
2889:
2880:
2875:November 12,
2873:, retrieved
2863:
2849:
2837:. Retrieved
2822:
2815:
2804:, retrieved
2784:
2777:
2767:
2713:. Retrieved
2709:the original
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2660:
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2605:
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2559:. Retrieved
2550:
2541:
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2520:
2510:
2498:. Retrieved
2491:the original
2477:
2465:. Retrieved
2461:the original
2456:
2447:
2428:
2416:. Retrieved
2412:the original
2407:
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2159:. Retrieved
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2129:. Retrieved
2104:
2100:
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2078:. Retrieved
2069:
2060:
2052:
2047:
2035:. Retrieved
2021:
2012:
2008:
2002:
1982:
1953:
1932:. Retrieved
1923:
1914:
1905:
1899:
1891:
1886:
1876:
1869:
1857:. Retrieved
1837:
1830:
1820:February 27,
1818:. Retrieved
1804:
1791:
1762:
1757:
1745:. Retrieved
1731:
1708:
1683:Upland Court
1653:Upland Court
1541:
1527:
1517:
1513:
1503:
1494:Schuylen Kÿl
1493:
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1472:Södre Rivier
1471:
1450:
1444:
1438:
1432:
1426:
1416:
1406:
1396:
1386:
1376:
1366:
1356:
1346:
1342:
1332:
1326:
1317:Varkens Kill
1316:
1306:
1302:
1292:
1282:
1269:
1266:Fort Casimir
1261:Philadelphia
1247:Philadelphia
1135:Forest Finns
1132:
1122:
1119:
1099:
1028:
1012:
975:
968:
956:
947:
943:
931:
916:
883:Society Hill
880:
872:
848:
839:
832:Fort Casimir
829:
787:
770:Willem Kieft
767:
757:
743:
720:
689:
683:
680:Delaware Bay
672:Peter Minuit
657:
641:
586:
580:
554:(from 1696).
506:
486:Pennsylvania
453:
452:
376:Succeeded by
375:
370:
245:Peter Minuit
240:• 1638
25:
4146:(1630–1651)
4098:(1799–1867)
4086:(1689–1693)
4080:(1685–1754)
4074:(1672–1917)
4068:(1638–1655)
4062:(1625–1672)
4056:(1614–1667)
4042:, 1665–1733
4036:, 1651–1665
4030:, 1562–1565
4026:1534–1763;
4016:, 1804–1821
4010:, 1783–1821
4004:, 1783–1821
3998:, 1776–1821
3992:, 1769–1801
3986:, 1767–1804
3980:, 1690–1821
3974:, 1650–1651
3968:, 1607–1801
3962:, 1598–1821
3956:, 1580–1898
3950:, 1565–1898
3944:, 1565–1821
3942:New Navarre
3938:, 1565–1763
3934:1521–1821;
3926:(1492–1535)
3901:(1871–1903)
3895:(1866–1871)
3889:(1863–1866)
3883:(1862–1863)
3877:(1811–1818)
3871:(1810–1846)
3863:New Ireland
3859:(1763–1783)
3853:(1763–1783)
3847:(1763–1783)
3841:(1763–1783)
3835:(1686–1689)
3829:(1674–1702)
3827:West Jersey
3823:(1674–1702)
3821:East Jersey
3817:(1670–1870)
3811:(1670–1811)
3805:(1663–1712)
3797: 1680
3786:(1638–1664)
3780:(1635–1644)
3768:(1629–1663)
3762:(1625–1650)
3760:Saint Croix
3756:(1622–1658)
3738:(1607–1699)
3732:(1607–1608)
3726:(1585–1590)
3698:(1732–1776)
3692:(1712–1776)
3686:(1712–1776)
3680:(1691–1776)
3674:(1681–1776)
3668:(1664–1776)
3656:(1664–1776)
3650:(1636–1776)
3644:(1636–1776)
3642:Connecticut
3638:(1632–1776)
3626:(1607–1776)
3472:Hospitaller
3277:possessions
2855:Howe, Henry
2806:October 19,
2577:The Lenapes
2500:November 7,
2366:February 7,
2131:October 13,
2080:October 13,
2055:, pp. 30–31
1859:October 31,
1761:Jan Glete,
1747:January 18,
1725:Nova Svecia
1717:Uusi Ruotsi
1663:Rambo apple
1558:ancestry),
1538:Salem River
1445:Strandviken
1377:Kingsessing
1257:South River
1243:Cobbs Creek
1239:Kingsessing
1151:Gustav Vasa
1128:Finns Point
992:U.S. Postal
960:Kent County
816:colonists.
739:Fort Nassau
682:aboard the
619:under King
498:great power
462:Nya Sverige
371:Preceded by
117: 1650
67:Nya Sverige
47: /
4201:New Sweden
4195:Categories
4066:New Sweden
4022:New France
3660:New Jersey
3502:Portuguese
3481:Norwegian
3332:Guadeloupe
3322:New Sweden
3229:New Sweden
3080:1083889360
3055:Kalm, Pehr
2561:August 26,
2531:August 26,
1737:"Delaware"
1695:References
1542:Hogg Creek
1451:Ammansland
1333:Tequirassy
1327:Printztorp
1147:Bergslagen
1075:Norristown
1071:Montgomery
1013:Historian
911:New Jersey
737:, leaving
685:Fogel Grip
664:Gothenburg
623:and later
482:New Jersey
454:New Sweden
62:New Sweden
35:75°32′19″W
32:39°44′12″N
3930:New Spain
3784:New Haven
3736:Jamestown
2864:Salem, NJ
2113:0031-4587
1700:Citations
1504:Fiske Kÿl
1283:Christina
1255:near the
1229:Essington
1161:Indians.
1123:Mercurius
1102:log cabin
1020:Minnesota
971:Pehr Kalm
774:Stockholm
629:New World
205:Christina
171:Religion
83:1638–1655
4180:Category
3803:Carolina
3778:Saybrook
3766:Carolana
3748:Plymouth
3666:New York
3654:Delaware
3636:Maryland
3624:Virginia
3512:Scottish
3447:Curonian
3314:Americas
3281:colonies
3211:Archived
3061:subjects
3057:(1772).
2998:(1994).
2977:July 23,
2971:Archived
2951:July 22,
2945:Archived
2869:archived
2861:(1844),
2839:July 24,
2800:archived
2671:Archived
2620:Archived
2555:Archived
2525:Archived
2436:Archived
2360:Archived
2336:Archived
2315:Barton,
2155:Archived
2125:Archived
2121:20093851
2074:Archived
2051:Munroe,
2031:Archived
1928:Archived
1894:, p. 16.
1853:Archived
1814:Archived
1767:Archived
1741:Archived
1566:See also
1439:Timmerön
1427:Sidoland
1407:Sveaborg
1343:Tenakonk
860:New York
814:Maryland
727:Estonian
696:Cape May
478:Maryland
474:Delaware
356:Currency
227:Governor
3724:Roanoke
3696:Georgia
3522:Swedish
3517:Spanish
3507:Russian
3442:Belgian
3437:British
3162:(1887)
3096:(2004)
3046:(1927)
2418:May 24,
1713:Finnish
1556:Finnish
1552:Swedish
1514:Minquas
1387:Mölndal
1367:Minquas
1357:Provins
1347:Tinicum
1307:Uppland
1293:Finland
1198:Chester
1143:Dalarna
1139:Savonia
1067:Chester
748:of the
746:sachems
648:Florida
637:tobacco
609:Germany
597:Estonia
593:Finland
559:History
488:in the
458:Swedish
340:•
157:Finnish
153:Swedish
139:Capital
74:Swedish
4162:(1676)
4154:(1638)
4138:(1622)
4130:(1620)
4122:(1584)
4092:(1698)
3845:Quebec
3744:(1619)
3730:Popham
3467:French
3457:German
3452:Danish
3341:Africa
3288:Europe
3146:
3132:
3118:
3104:
3078:
3068:
3033:
3016:
2830:
2792:
2319:, 5–7.
2119:
2111:
1990:
1960:
1845:
1530:Lenape
1476:Hudson
1303:Upland
1159:Lenape
1089:. The
750:Lenape
633:Swedes
617:Latvia
613:Norway
605:Poland
601:Russia
583:Sweden
521:Swedes
484:, and
408:Lenape
230:
190:
161:Munsee
129:Status
70:
3754:Maine
3477:Norse
3462:Dutch
3217:, at
2649:, by
2612:(ed.
2494:(PDF)
2487:(PDF)
2117:JSTOR
1796:(PDF)
1721:Latin
1397:Torne
1213:near
1165:Forts
723:Finns
525:Finns
165:Unami
3279:and
3144:ISBN
3130:ISBN
3116:ISBN
3102:ISBN
3076:OCLC
3066:ISBN
3031:ISBN
3014:ISBN
2979:2013
2953:2013
2877:2015
2841:2013
2828:ISBN
2808:2020
2790:ISBN
2717:2010
2563:2010
2533:2010
2502:2012
2469:2010
2420:2011
2368:2018
2163:2010
2133:2022
2109:ISSN
2082:2022
2039:2010
1988:ISBN
1958:ISBN
1936:2016
1861:2016
1843:ISBN
1822:2023
1749:2015
1185:and
1069:and
1041:and
932:The
901:The
854:and
752:and
710:and
698:and
688:and
660:port
642:The
615:and
595:and
347:1655
334:1638
2305:345
2105:130
1345:or
1305:or
1259:in
1245:in
1227:in
1189:in
1093:in
1085:in
1049:in
1033:in
905:in
662:of
120:by
4197::
3794:c.
3074:.
2943:.
2939:.
2916:.
2879:,
2857:;
2798:,
2725:^
2703:.
2579:,
2549:.
2519:.
2455:.
2406:.
2358:.
2354:.
2206:^
2171:^
2153:.
2149:.
2123:.
2115:.
2103:.
2099:.
2072:.
2068:.
1972:^
1944:^
1926:.
1922:.
1851:.
1779:^
1723::
1719:;
1715::
1231:,
1145:,
1077:.
1037:,
1026:.
990:A
978:.
925:,
870:.
611:,
607:,
603:,
539:.
523:,
504:.
480:,
476:,
460::
163:,
159:,
155:,
114:c.
3799:)
3567:e
3560:t
3553:v
3418:e
3411:t
3404:v
3268:e
3261:t
3254:v
3082:.
3039:.
2981:.
2955:.
2843:.
2719:.
2565:.
2535:.
2504:.
2471:.
2422:.
2370:.
2199:.
2165:.
2135:.
2084:.
2041:.
1996:.
1966:.
1938:.
1863:.
1824:.
1774:.
1751:.
1544:)
1532:)
1528:(
1520:)
1506:)
1486:)
1457:)
1423:)
1413:)
1403:)
1393:)
1383:)
1373:)
1363:)
1353:)
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1323:)
1313:)
1299:)
1289:)
913:.
456:(
76:)
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23:.
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