38:. "The prize was inspired by Mr. Cleveland's belief that it was the scientist who counted and who needed the encouragement an unexpected monetary award could give." The present rules were instituted in 1975, previously it had gone to the author(s) of noteworthy papers, representing an outstanding contribution to science, presented in a regular session, sectional or societal, during the AAAS Annual Meeting. It is now sponsored by the Fodor Family Trust and includes a prize of
102:
James, M. Kerr, E. Lenc, E. K. Mahony, J. O’Meara, S. Osłowski, H. Qiu1, T. Treu, V. U, T. J. Bateman, D. C.-J. Bock, R. J. Bolton, A. Brown, J. D. Bunton, A. P. Chippendale, F. R. Cooray, T. Cornwell, N. Gupta, D. B. Hayman, M. Kesteven, B. S. Koribalski, A. MacLeod, N. M. McClure-Griffiths, S. Neuhold, R. P. Norris, M. A. Pilawa, R.-Y. Qiao, J. Reynolds, D. N. Roxby, T. W. Shimwell, M. A. Voronkov, C. D. Wilson
288:, Weiwei Zhai, Markus Hsi-Yang Fritz, Nancy F. Hansen, Eric Y. Durand, Anna-Sapfo Malaspinas, Jeffrey D. Jensen, Tomas Marques-Bonet, Can Alkan, Kay Prüfer, Matthias Meyer, Hernán A. Burbano, Jeffrey M. Good, Rigo Schultz, Ayinuer Aximu-Petri, Anne Butthof, Barbara Höber, Barbara Höffner, Madlen Siegemund, Antje Weihmann, Chad Nusbaum,
131:
Juan Yin, Yuan Cao, Yu-Huai Li, Sheng-Kai Liao, Liang Zhang, Ji-Gang Ren, Wen-Qi Cai, Wei-Yue Liu, Bo Li, Hui Dai, Guang-Bing Li, Qi-Ming Lu, Yun-Hong Gong, Yu Xu, Shuang-Lin Li, Feng-Zhi Li, Ya-Yun Yin, Zi-Qing Jiang, Ming Li, Jian-Jun Jia, Ge Ren, Dong He, Yi-Lin Zhou, Xiao-Xiang Zhang, Na Wang,
101:
K. W. Bannister, A. T. Deller, C. Phillips, J.-P. Macquart, J. X. Prochaska, N. Tejos, S. D. Ryder, E. M. Sadler, R. M. Shannon, S. Simha, C. K. Day, M. McQuinn, F. O. North-Hickey, S. Bhandari, W. R. Arcus, V. N. Bennert, J. Burchett, M. Bouwhuis, R. Dodson, R. D. Ekers, W. Farah, C. Flynn, C. W.
186:
Bi-Chang Chen, Wesley R. Legant, Kai Wang, Lin Shao, Daniel E. Milkie, Michael W. Davidson, Chris
Janetopoulos, Xufeng S. Wu, John A. Hammer III, Zhe Liu, Brian P. English, Yuko Mimori-Kiyosue, Daniel P. Romero, Alex T. Ritter, Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz, Lillian Fritz-Laylin, R. Dyche Mullins,
204:
Lulu Xie, Hogyi Kang, Qiwu Xu, Michael J. Chen, Yonghong Liao, Meenakshisundaram
Thiyagarajan, John O’Donnell, Daniel J. Christensen, Charles Nicholson, Jeffrey J. Iliff, Takahiro Takano, Rashid Deane,
292:, Carsten Russ, Nathaniel Novod, Jason Affourtit, Michael Egholm, Christine Verna, Pavao Rudan, Dejana Brajkovic, Željko Kucan, Ivan Gušic, Vladimir B. Doronichev, Liubov V. Golovanova,
1781:
Studies of Living Nerves II. Activities of
Amoeboid Growth Cones, Sheath Cells and Myelin Segments, as Revealed by Prolonged Observation of Individual Fibers in Frog Tadpoles
2075:
1445:
1228:
1825:
1724:
187:
Diana M. Mitchell, Joshua N. Bembenek, Anne-Cecile
Reymann, Ralph Böhme, Stephan W. Grill, Jennifer T. Wang, Geraldine Seydoux, U. Serdar Tulu, Daniel P. Kiehart,
1720:
1342:
705:, Francis X. Farrell, Ray Chang, Arun K. Kashyap, Francis Barbone, Linda S. Mulcahy, Dana L. Johnson, Ronald W. Barrett, Linda K. Jolliffe and William J. Dower
702:
1776:
1632:
1924:
1628:
2038:
2012:
1987:
1611:
1599:
1372:
21:
1954:
1498:
1368:
1316:
731:
602:
351:
277:
2085:
1694:
1355:
223:
716:
Oded Livnah, Enrico A. Stura, Dana L. Johnson, Steven A. Middleton, Linda S. Mulcahy, Nicholas C. Wrighton, William J. Dower, Linda K. Jolliffe and
1615:
1595:
1565:
115:
Brian Lovett, Etienne Bilgo, Souro Abel
Millogo, Abel Kader Ouattarra, Issiaka Sare, Edounou Jacques Gnambani, Roch K. Dabire, Abdoulaye Diabate,
626:
606:
133:
34:. Established in 1923, funded by Newcomb Cleveland who remained anonymous until his death in 1951, and for this period it was known as the
222:
Travis A. Jarrell, Yi Wang, Adam E. Bloniarz, Christopher A. Brittin, Meng Xu, J. Nichol
Thomson, Donna G. Albertson, David H. Hall, and
1934:
1215:
1069:, Donald Bowbenko, Marvin J. Grubman, Peter D. McKercher, Donald O. Morgan, Betty H. Robertson, Barbara Small, and Daniel Yansura
671:
Declan A. Doyle, João Morais Cabral, Richard A. Pfuetzner, Anling Kuo, Jacqueline M. Gulbis, Steven L. Cohen, Brian T. Chait and
2065:
1083:
260:
Waseem S. Bakr, Amy Peng, M. Eric Tai, Ruichao Ma, Jonathan Simon, Jonathon Isaiah Gillen, Simon Fölling, Lode Pollet, and
2070:
340:, Eugene Chiang, Michael P. Fitzgerald, Mark Clampin, Edwin S. Kite, Karl Stapelfeldt, Christian Marois, and John Krist
1919:
1929:
1428:
1642:
for two papers on a basic mechanism in the biological effects of temperature, hydrostatic pressure, and narcosis
944:
Antarctic
Stratospheric Chemistry of Chlorine Nitrate, Hydrogen Chloride, and Ice: Release of Active Chlorine
1259:
The
Eclosion Hormone: Its Release by the Brain and Its Action on the Central Nervous Systems of Silkmoths
1220:
Origin of
Velocity Changes before Earthquakes: The Dilatancy Diffusion Hypothesis and Its Confirmation
930:
Reaction of
Chlorine Nitrate with Hydrogen Chloride and Water at Antarctic Stratospheric Temperatures
2080:
1707:
463:
390:
313:
737:
HIV-1 Entry Cofactor: Functional cDNA Cloning of a Seven-Transmembrane, G Protein-Coupled Receptor
1887:
1810:
1902:
1763:
1651:
723:
Functional Mimicry of a Protein Hormone by a Peptide Agonist: The EPO receptor Complex at 2.8 Å
717:
2034:
194:
Lattice light-sheet microscopy: Imaging molecules to embryos at high spatiotemporal resolution
164:
Combining polyethylene and polypropylene: Enhanced performance with PE/iPP multiblock polymers
1851:
1838:
1449:
563:
484:
296:, Marco de la Rasilla, Javier Fortea, Antonio Rosas, Ralf W. Schmitz, Philip L. F. Johnson,
1441:
1385:
1107:
773:
497:
Ira M. Hall, Gurumurthy D. Shankaranarayana, Ken-ichi Noma, Nabieh Ayoub, Amikam Cohen and
163:
122:
Transgenic Metarhizium rapidly kills mosquitoes in a malaria-endemic region of Burkina Faso
983:
Molecular genetics of human color vision: the genes encoding blue, green, and red pigments
910:
The Leucine Zipper: A Hypothetical Structure Common to a New Class of DNA Binding Proteins
8:
1793:
1737:
153:
2008:
1233:
Morphogenetic Interactions between Skin and Underlying Tissues during Limb Regeneration
678:
The Structure of the Potassium Channel: Molecular Basis of K+ Conduction and Selectivity
1031:
904:
814:
752:
685:
672:
535:
An Abundant Class of Tiny RNAs with Probable Regulatory Roles in Caenorhabditis elegans
305:
293:
250:
Signatures of Majorana Fermions in Hybrid Superconductor-Semiconductor Nanowire Devices
1073:
Cloned Viral Protein Vaccine for Foot-and-Mouth Disease: Responses in Cattle and Swine
176:
142:
121:
105:
91:
78:
1668:
1524:
1267:
769:
655:
317:
206:
116:
30:
838:
Selection of Bacterial Virulence Genes That Are Specifically Induced in Host Tissues
379:
Molecular Basis for the Nerve Dependence of Limb Regeneration in an Adult Vertebrate
1750:
1636:
1550:
1537:
1485:
1477:
Effects of Hunger, Sex, and Tranquilizers on Localized Reward Systems in the Brain
1145:
1124:
1014:
797:
589:
567:
498:
490:
Regulation of Heterochromatic Silencing and Histone H3 Lysine-9 Methylation by RNAi
480:
284:, Adrian W. Briggs, Tomislav Maricic, Udo Stenzel, Martin Kircher, Nick Patterson,
25:
1556:
for several papers on the enzymes, hormones, and development of Cecropia silkworms
1113:
1020:
943:
929:
660:
643:
92:
Hunting the eagle killer: A cyanobacterial neurotoxin causes vacuolar myelinopathy
1655:
1591:
1254:
1130:
1066:
1035:
937:
892:
883:
823:
806:
757:
736:
722:
708:
691:
634:
610:
594:
572:
443:
358:, B. Zuckerman, Inseok Song, Jennifer Patience, David Lafrenière, and René Doyon
337:
297:
281:
244:
851:
677:
573:
The Complete Atomic Structure of the Large Ribosomal Subunit at 2.4 Å Resolution
106:
A single fast radio burst localized to a massive galaxy at cosmological distance
1578:
1511:
1462:
1280:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1168:
1087:
972:
630:
585:
439:
422:
410:
373:
261:
157:
1893:
For two papers on the symbiosis between termites and their intestinal protozoa
926:
Margaret A. Tolbert, Michel J. Rossi, Ripudaman Malhotra, and David M. Golden
2059:
1983:
1864:
1411:
1329:
1303:
1241:
976:
866:
862:
801:
543:
515:
459:
428:
Coherent Manipulation of Coupled Electron Spins in Semiconductor Quantum Dots
418:
394:
355:
1092:
1072:
1049:
1040:
1002:
987:
982:
960:
914:
909:
872:
837:
778:
615:
548:
534:
520:
503:
489:
468:
448:
427:
399:
378:
361:
343:
322:
267:
Probing the Superfluid-to-Mott Insulator Transition at the Single-Atom Level
266:
249:
228:
211:
193:
177:
Spiking neurons can discover predictive features by aggregate-label learning
1877:
1681:
1424:
1293:
1156:
1151:
1141:
638:
529:
462:, Gautam Dantas, Gregory C. Ireton, Gabriele Varani, Barry L. Stoddard and
372:
Anoop Kumar, James W. Godwin, Phillip B. Gates, A. Acely Garza-Garcia, and
240:
137:
1869:
The Michelson-Morley Ether Drift Experiment, its History and Significance
1729:
The Initiation and Growth of Secondary Roots Induced by Growth Substances
1660:
Availability of Nutrients with Special Reference to Physiological Aspects
915:
The DNA Binding Domain of the Rat Liver Nuclear Protein C/EBP Is Bipartite
605:, Gulnara Gh. Yusupova, Albion Baucom, Kate Lieberman, Thomas N. Earnest,
1570:
Thermal Inactivation Study on the Tumor-inducing Principle in Crown Gall
1103:
979:, Darcy Thomas, Thomas P. Piantanida, Roger L. Eddy, and Thomas B. Shows
955:
887:
748:
414:
309:
301:
289:
188:
692:
Structural Conservation in Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Potassium Channels
1789:
1472:
1398:
1377:
The Dating of Early Man and His Cultures by the Potassium-Argon Method
818:
709:
Small peptides as Potent Mimetics of the Protein Hormone Erythropoietin
333:
1955:"Million Left to Mt. Holyoke College by Retired Advertising Executive"
1467:
Learning and Performance Motivated by Direct Stimulation of the Brain
1347:
Protein and Nucleic Acid Changes in the Differentiation of Lens Cells
581:
559:
595:
The Structural Basis for Ribosome Activity in Peptide Bond Synthesis
1797:
152:
James M. Eagan, Jun Xu, Rocco Di Girolamo, Christopher M. Thurber,
758:
Observation of Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Dilute Atomic Vapor
469:
Design of a Novel Globular Protein Fold with Atomic-Level Accuracy
239:
Vincent Mourik, Kun Zuo, Sergey M. Frolov, Sébastien R. Plissard,
873:
Light-Directed, Spatially Addressable Parallel Chemical Synthesis
514:
Mariana Lagos-Quintana, Reinhard Rauhut, Winfried Lendeckel, and
285:
1816:
For his work on the reflection of protons from a calcite crystal
1334:
The Structure and Function of the DNA from Bacteriophage Lambda
1433:
On Certain Stochastic Models of Population Dynamical Phenomena
988:
Molecular genetics of inherited variation in human color vision
824:
Confinement of Electrons to Quantum Corrals on a Metal Surface
344:
Optical Images of an Exosolar Planet 25 Light-Years from Earth
143:
Satellite-based entanglement distribution over 1200 kilometers
1605:
for several papers on the mechanism of heredity in Paramecium
1246:
Neural Control Systems of Underlying Insect Feeding Behavior
1003:
Three-Dimensional Structure of Poliovirus at 2.9 Å Resolution
521:
Identification of Novel Genes Coding for Small Expressed RNAs
1490:
Molecular Bases of the Parasitism of Some Bacterial Viruses
800:, Deborah L. Sivco, Carlo Sitori, Albert L. Hutchinson, and
688:, Steven L. Cohen, Anling Kuo, Alice Lee and Brian T. Chait
479:
Thomas A. Volpe, Catherine Kidner, Ira M. Hall, Grace Teng,
362:
Direct Imaging of Multiple Planets Orbiting the Star HR 8799
747:
Michael H. Anderson, Jason R. Ensher, Michael R. Matthews,
1114:
East Pacific Rise: Hot Springs and Geophysical Experiments
549:
An Extensive Class of Small RNAs in Caenorhabditis elegans
413:, Alexander C. Johnson, Jacob M. Taylor, Edward A. Laird,
393:, Adrien P. Côté, Robert E. Taylor, Michael O’Keeffe, and
28:
published in the Research Articles or Reports sections of
504:
Establishment and Maintenance of a Heterochromatin Domain
39:
1620:
Cultural Studies on the Nutrition of Malarial Parasites
834:
Michael J. Mahan, James M. Slauch and John J. Mekalanos
779:
Induction of Ectopic Eyes by Targeted Expression of the
1390:
The Role of Behavioral Study in Cricket Classification
212:
Sleep Drives Metabolite Clearance from the Adult Brain
24:(AAAS) is annually awarded to author(s) of outstanding
1699:
Root Pressure: An Unappreciated Force in Sap Movement
852:
Oceanic Uptake of Fossile Fuel CO2; Carbon-13 Evidence
1907:
On the Theory of Numbers and Generalized Quaternions
1686:
Experimentally Produced Neurotic Behavior in the Rat
730:
Yu Feng, Christopher C. Broder, Paul E. Kennedy, and
616:
Crystal Structure of the Ribosome at 5.5 Å Resolution
449:
Observation of the Spin Hall Effect in Semiconductors
1925:
AAAS Award for Scientific Freedom and Responsibility
1516:
Studies on the Biosynthesis of Tobacco Mosaic Virus
1272:
Control of Luteinization in Granulosa Cell Cultures
940:, Tai-Ly Tso, Luisa T. Molina, and Frank C. Y. Wang
400:
Designed Synthesis of 3D Covalent Organic Frameworks
2076:
American Association for the Advancement of Science
132:Xiang Chang, Zhen-Cai Zhu, Nai-Le Liu, Yu-Ao Chen,
22:
American Association for the Advancement of Science
1856:A Mathematical Critique of Some Physical Theories
1321:Cross Bridges and Periods in Insect Flight Muscle
528:Nelson C. Lau, Lee P. Lim, Earl G. Weinstein, and
229:The Connectome of a Decision-Making Neural Network
1285:Control of Protein Synthesis in Flagellar Growth
2057:
1843:Effects of X-Radiation on Genes and Chromosomes
1712:Chemical Studies of the Virus of Tobacco Mosaic
1673:Radio Frequency Spectra of Atoms and Molecules
1152:Receptive Fields of Auditory Neurons in the Owl
1021:Densities of Liquid Silicates at High Pressures
999:James M. Hogle, Marie Chow and David J. Filman
1583:Elements in Meteorites and the Earth's Origin
644:The Genome Sequence of Drosophila melanogaster
88:Timo H. J. Niedermeyer, Susan B. Wilde et al.
661:The Origin of Chaos in the Outer Solar System
1768:Quantum Mechanics of Conjugate Double Bonds
903:William H. Landschulz, Peter F. Johnson and
848:Paul D. Quay, Bronte Tilbrook and C.S. Wong
1935:AAAS Prize for Behavioral Science Research
1298:Recent Advances in Chemical Communication
136:, Rong Shu, Cheng-Zhi Peng, Jian-Yu Wang,
1978:
1976:
1360:The Heterogeneity of the Immune Response
1157:A Neural Map of Auditory Space in the Owl
1041:Transportation of Cloned P Elements into
323:A Draft Sequence of the Neandertal Genome
2086:1923 establishments in the United States
1127:, Patrick M. Cassen and Ray T. Reynolds
865:, J. Leighton Read, Michael C. Pirrung,
2058:
1973:
1308:Cross-Specific Chemical Communication
421:, Charles M. Marcus, Micah P. Hanson,
79:Seismic Detection of the Martian Core
2035:"Newcomb Cleveland Prize Recipients"
1802:Experiments with High Voltage Tubes
438:Yuichiro K. Kato, Roberto C. Myers,
1454:Solar Photographs from 80,000 Feet
1065:Dennis G. Kleid, Douglas M. Moore,
389:Hani M. El-Kaderi, Joseph R. Hunt,
13:
1830:Hormones from the Pituitary Gland
1503:Experiments at Very Low Pressures
1131:Melting of Io by Tidal Dissipation
14:
2097:
1742:The Absorption of Sound in Gases
1542:Natural Radiocarbon Measurements
1193:
1054:with Transposable Element Vectors
1920:AAAS Award for Science Diplomacy
1403:The Stellar Content of Galaxies
1175:for research reports in Science
961:The Intervening Sequence RNA of
869:, Amy Tsai Lu, and Dennis Solas
53:
1930:AAAS Philip Hauge Abelson Prize
562:, Poul Nissen, Jeffrey Hansen,
2027:
2009:"AAAS Newcomb Cleveland Prize"
2001:
1984:"AAAS Newcomb Cleveland Prize"
1947:
1:
2066:Science and technology awards
1940:
1755:Tissue Reactions in Immunity
580:Poul Nissen, Jeffrey Hansen,
45:
1093:The Evolution of Cooperation
7:
1913:
1882:Cepheids in Spiral Nebulae
1529:Natural Coordinate Systems
817:, Christopher P. Lutz, and
10:
2102:
2071:Awards established in 1923
1050:Genetic Transformation of
36:AAAS Thousand Dollar Prize
1873:
1587:
1458:
1416:Meteorites and Asteroids
1289:
1206:
950:
922:
792:
698:
667:
555:
510:
475:
329:
66:
75:Simon C. Stähler et al.
18:Newcomb Cleveland Prize
1903:Leonard Eugene Dickson
1148:and John D. Pettigrew
1110:and twenty co-authors
1017:and Edward M. Stolper
391:Jose L. Mendoza-Cortes
1852:George David Birkhoff
1343:John Papaconstantinou
1045:Germ Line Chromosomes
807:Quantum Cascade Laser
485:Robert A. Martienssen
304:, James C. Mullikin,
241:Erik P. A. M. Bakkers
160:, Geoffrey W. Coates
1442:Martin Schwarzschild
1386:Richard D. Alexander
1268:Cornelia P. Channing
1108:Kenneth C. Macdonald
893:Mapping the Universe
703:Nicholas C. Wrighton
542:Rosalind C. Lee and
312:, Michael Lachmann,
156:, Anne M. LaPointe,
1777:Carl Caskey Speidel
1633:Douglas A. Marsland
1551:Carroll M. Williams
1446:J. B. Rogerson, Jr.
1088:William D. Hamilton
863:Stephen P. A. Fodor
354:, Bruce Macintosh,
154:Christopher Macosko
1959:The New York Times
1811:Arthur J. Dempster
1708:Wendell M. Stanley
1682:Norman R. F. Maier
1652:Dennis R. Hoagland
1629:Dugald E. S. Brown
1429:Elizabeth L. Scott
1067:Howard L. Bachrach
1032:Allan C. Spradling
905:Steven L. McKnight
884:Margaret J. Geller
815:Michael F. Crommie
686:Roderick MacKinnon
673:Roderick MacKinnon
654:Norman Murray and
444:David D. Awschalom
308:, Rasmus Nielsen,
306:Montgomery Slatkin
294:Carles Lalueza-Fox
245:Leo P. Kouwenhoven
1911:
1910:
1612:Quentin M. Geiman
1600:Winifred Jacobson
1579:Harrison S. Brown
1281:Joel L. Rosenbaum
1191:
1190:
1013:Sally M. Rigden,
774:Walter J. Gehring
770:Patrick Callaerts
440:Arthur C. Gossard
423:Arthur C. Gossard
374:Jeremy P. Brockes
300:, Daniel Falush,
207:Maiken Nedergaard
117:Raymond St. Leger
2093:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1980:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1961:. 15 August 1951
1951:
1865:Dayton C. Miller
1637:Frank H. Johnson
1538:J. Laurence Kulp
1499:Daniel H. Alpert
1486:Seymour S. Cohen
1330:David S. Hogness
1317:Michael K. Reedy
1294:Edward O. Wilson
1198:
1197:
1185:17 December 1976
1146:Masakazu Konishi
1125:Stanton J. Peale
1015:Thomas J. Ahrens
977:David S. Hogness
954:Arthur J. Zaug,
819:Donald M. Eigler
798:Federico Capasso
732:Edward A. Berger
603:Marat M. Yusupov
590:Thomas A. Steitz
568:Thomas A. Steitz
499:Shiv I.S. Grewal
481:Shiv I.S. Grewal
419:Mikhail D. Lukin
352:Christian Marois
278:Richard E. Green
58:
57:
50:List of winners
26:scientific paper
2101:
2100:
2096:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2091:
2090:
2081:American awards
2056:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2043:
2041:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2018:
2016:
2007:
2006:
2002:
1992:
1990:
1982:
1981:
1974:
1964:
1962:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1943:
1916:
1888:L. R. Cleveland
1878:Edwin P. Hubble
1738:Vern O. Knudsen
1725:A. E. Hitchcock
1721:P. W. Zimmerman
1695:Philip R. White
1656:Daniel I. Arnon
1592:T. M. Sonneborn
1356:Jonathan W. Uhr
1255:James W. Truman
1196:
1142:Eric I. Knudsen
1036:Gerald M. Rubin
753:Eric A. Cornell
639:J. Craig Venter
635:Gerald M. Rubin
611:Harry F. Noller
530:David P. Bartel
338:James R. Graham
298:Evan E. Eichler
282:Johannes Krause
224:Scott W. Emmons
56:
48:
12:
11:
5:
2099:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2052:
2051:
2026:
2000:
1972:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1915:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1905:
1900:
1896:
1895:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1880:
1875:
1871:
1870:
1867:
1862:
1858:
1857:
1854:
1849:
1845:
1844:
1841:
1836:
1832:
1831:
1828:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1803:
1800:
1787:
1783:
1782:
1779:
1774:
1770:
1769:
1766:
1761:
1757:
1756:
1753:
1751:Reuben L. Kahn
1748:
1744:
1743:
1740:
1735:
1731:
1730:
1727:
1718:
1714:
1713:
1710:
1705:
1701:
1700:
1697:
1692:
1688:
1687:
1684:
1679:
1675:
1674:
1671:
1666:
1662:
1661:
1658:
1649:
1645:
1644:
1639:
1626:
1622:
1621:
1618:
1616:Ralph W. McKee
1608:
1607:
1602:
1596:Ruth V. Dippel
1589:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1576:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1566:Armin C. Braun
1563:
1559:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1544:
1543:
1540:
1535:
1531:
1530:
1527:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1512:Barry Commoner
1509:
1505:
1504:
1501:
1496:
1492:
1491:
1488:
1483:
1479:
1478:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1463:Neal E. Miller
1460:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1431:
1422:
1418:
1417:
1414:
1409:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1396:
1392:
1391:
1388:
1383:
1379:
1378:
1375:
1369:J. F. Evernden
1366:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1353:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1332:
1327:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1314:
1310:
1309:
1306:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1291:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1278:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1265:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1252:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1234:
1231:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1213:
1209:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1195:
1194:Previous rules
1192:
1189:
1188:
1172:
1169:Viking Mission
1166:
1162:
1161:
1149:
1139:
1135:
1134:
1128:
1122:
1118:
1117:
1111:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1090:
1084:Robert Axelrod
1081:
1077:
1076:
1070:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1038:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1018:
1011:
1007:
1006:
1000:
997:
993:
992:
980:
973:Jeremy Nathans
969:
968:
958:
956:Thomas R. Cech
952:
948:
947:
941:
934:
933:
927:
924:
920:
919:
907:
901:
897:
896:
890:
888:John P. Huchra
881:
877:
876:
870:
860:
856:
855:
849:
846:
842:
841:
835:
832:
828:
827:
821:
811:
810:
804:
796:Jerome Faist,
794:
790:
789:
776:
768:Georg Halder,
766:
762:
761:
755:
749:Carl E. Wieman
745:
741:
740:
734:
727:
726:
720:
713:
712:
706:
700:
696:
695:
689:
682:
681:
675:
669:
665:
664:
658:
656:Matthew Holman
652:
648:
647:
641:
631:Susan Celniker
624:
620:
619:
613:
599:
598:
592:
586:Peter B. Moore
577:
576:
570:
564:Peter B. Moore
557:
553:
552:
546:
539:
538:
532:
525:
524:
518:
512:
508:
507:
501:
494:
493:
487:
477:
473:
472:
466:
457:
453:
452:
446:
436:
432:
431:
425:
411:Jason R. Petta
408:
404:
403:
397:
387:
383:
382:
376:
370:
366:
365:
359:
348:
347:
341:
331:
327:
326:
320:
290:Eric S. Lander
275:
271:
270:
264:
262:Markus Greiner
258:
254:
253:
247:
237:
233:
232:
226:
220:
216:
215:
209:
202:
198:
197:
191:
184:
180:
179:
174:
171:
167:
166:
161:
158:Frank S. Bates
150:
146:
145:
140:
129:
125:
124:
119:
113:
109:
108:
103:
99:
95:
94:
89:
86:
82:
81:
76:
73:
69:
68:
65:
62:
55:
52:
47:
44:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2098:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2040:
2036:
2030:
2015:. 9 June 2015
2014:
2010:
2004:
1989:
1985:
1979:
1977:
1960:
1956:
1950:
1946:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1794:L. R. Hafstad
1791:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1726:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1659:
1657:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1617:
1613:
1610:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1526:
1525:A. M. Gleason
1523:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1413:
1412:Edward Anders
1410:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1400:
1399:Halton C. Arp
1397:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1305:
1304:Thomas Eisner
1302:
1301:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1243:
1242:Alan Gelperin
1240:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1230:
1229:Bruce Carlson
1227:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1046:
1044:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
994:
991:
989:
984:
981:
978:
974:
971:
970:
966:
964:
959:
957:
953:
949:
945:
942:
939:
936:
935:
931:
928:
925:
921:
918:
916:
911:
908:
906:
902:
899:
898:
894:
891:
889:
885:
882:
879:
878:
874:
871:
868:
867:Lubert Stryer
864:
861:
858:
857:
853:
850:
847:
844:
843:
839:
836:
833:
830:
829:
825:
822:
820:
816:
813:
812:
808:
805:
803:
802:Alfred Y. Cho
799:
795:
791:
787:
786:
782:
777:
775:
771:
767:
764:
763:
759:
756:
754:
750:
746:
743:
742:
738:
735:
733:
729:
728:
724:
721:
719:
718:Ian A. Wilson
715:
714:
710:
707:
704:
701:
697:
693:
690:
687:
684:
683:
679:
676:
674:
670:
666:
662:
659:
657:
653:
650:
649:
645:
642:
640:
636:
632:
628:
627:Mark D. Adams
625:
622:
621:
617:
614:
612:
608:
604:
601:
600:
596:
593:
591:
587:
583:
579:
578:
574:
571:
569:
565:
561:
558:
554:
550:
547:
545:
544:Victor Ambros
541:
540:
536:
533:
531:
527:
526:
522:
519:
517:
516:Thomas Tuschl
513:
509:
505:
502:
500:
496:
495:
491:
488:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
467:
465:
461:
460:Brian Kuhlman
458:
455:
454:
450:
447:
445:
441:
437:
434:
433:
429:
426:
424:
420:
416:
412:
409:
406:
405:
401:
398:
396:
395:Omar M. Yaghi
392:
388:
385:
384:
380:
377:
375:
371:
368:
367:
363:
360:
357:
356:Travis Barman
353:
350:
349:
345:
342:
339:
335:
332:
328:
324:
321:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
276:
273:
272:
268:
265:
263:
259:
256:
255:
251:
248:
246:
242:
238:
235:
234:
230:
227:
225:
221:
218:
217:
213:
210:
208:
203:
200:
199:
195:
192:
190:
185:
182:
181:
178:
175:
173:Robert Gütig
172:
169:
168:
165:
162:
159:
155:
151:
148:
147:
144:
141:
139:
135:
130:
127:
126:
123:
120:
118:
114:
111:
110:
107:
104:
100:
97:
96:
93:
90:
87:
84:
83:
80:
77:
74:
71:
70:
63:
60:
59:
54:Current rules
51:
43:
41:
37:
33:
32:
27:
23:
19:
2042:. Retrieved
2029:
2017:. Retrieved
2003:
1991:. Retrieved
1963:. Retrieved
1958:
1949:
1892:
1839:H. J. Muller
1815:
1764:Henry Eyring
1641:
1604:
1555:
1425:Jerzy Neyman
1373:G. H. Curtis
1174:
1155:
1104:F. N. Spiess
1051:
1048:
1042:
986:
965:Is an Enzyme
962:
938:Mario Molina
913:
784:
780:
318:Svante Pääbo
138:Jian-Wei Pan
134:Chao-Yang Lu
49:
35:
29:
17:
15:
1826:Oliver Kamm
1450:J. W. Evans
1171:scientists
963:Tetrahymena
607:J.H.D. Cate
464:David Baker
415:Amir Yacoby
314:David Reich
310:Janet Kelso
302:Ewan Birney
189:Eric Betzig
2060:Categories
1941:References
1790:M. A. Tuve
1669:I. I. Rabi
1473:James Olds
1204:Recipient
1052:Drosophila
1043:Drosophila
785:Drosophila
334:Paul Kalas
46:Recipients
1181:1 October
1177:27 August
582:Nenad Ban
560:Nenad Ban
1914:See also
1216:Amos Nur
783:Gene in
64:Authors
42:25,000.
2044:19 June
2019:19 June
1993:19 June
1798:O. Dahl
1159:
1154:
1133:
1116:
1095:
1075:
1056:
1047:
1023:
1005:
990:
985:
967:
946:
932:
917:
912:
895:
875:
854:
840:
826:
809:
788:
781:eyeless
760:
739:
725:
711:
694:
680:
663:
646:
618:
597:
575:
551:
537:
523:
506:
492:
471:
451:
430:
402:
381:
364:
346:
325:
286:Heng Li
269:
252:
231:
214:
196:
31:Science
20:of the
1207:Title
1183:, and
751:, and
609:, and
588:, and
566:, and
442:, and
316:, and
243:, and
67:Title
1965:4 May
1899:1923
1874:1924
1861:1925
1848:1926
1835:1927
1822:1928
1807:1929
1786:1930
1773:1931
1760:1932
1747:1933
1734:1934
1717:1935
1704:1936
1691:1937
1678:1938
1665:1939
1648:1940
1625:1941
1588:1946
1575:1947
1562:1949
1547:1950
1534:1951
1521:1952
1508:1953
1495:1954
1482:1955
1459:1956
1438:1957
1421:1958
1408:1959
1395:1960
1382:1961
1365:1962
1352:1963
1339:1964
1326:1965
1313:1966
1290:1967
1277:1968
1264:1969
1251:1970
1238:1971
1225:1972
1212:1974
1201:Year
1165:1977
1138:1978
1121:1979
1100:1980
1080:1981
1062:1982
1028:1983
1010:1984
996:1985
951:1986
923:1987
900:1988
880:1989
859:1990
845:1991
831:1992
793:1993
765:1994
744:1995
699:1996
668:1997
651:1998
623:1999
556:2001
511:2002
476:2003
456:2004
435:2005
407:2006
386:2007
369:2008
330:2009
274:2010
257:2011
236:2012
219:2013
201:2014
183:2015
170:2016
149:2017
128:2018
112:2019
98:2021
85:2022
72:2023
61:Year
2046:2015
2039:AAAS
2021:2015
2013:AAAS
1995:2015
1988:AAAS
1967:2017
1796:and
1723:and
1654:and
1635:and
1614:and
1598:and
1448:and
1427:and
1371:and
1086:and
1034:and
772:and
637:and
483:and
16:The
2062::
2037:.
2011:.
1986:.
1975:^
1957:.
1792:,
1631:,
1594:,
1444:,
1179:,
1144:,
1106:,
975:,
886:,
633:,
629:,
584:,
417:,
336:,
280:,
40:$
2048:.
2023:.
1997:.
1969:.
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