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4186:: the price of a hundred papers would remain at 60¢, but they would buy back any unsold papers. This meant that the boys, who had trouble selling all their papers would not be forced to sell late into the night to avoid taking a loss for the day. The newsboys accepted this compromise, ended the strike and disbanded the union on August 2, 1899.
4245:. Several newspapers recorded speeches, which he gave at rallies, one of which reads in part "Friens and feller workers. This is a time, which tries de hearts of men. Dis is de time when we've got to stick together like glue... We know what we want and we'll get it even if we are blind." His speech at the Irving Hall rally won him a floral
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and politicians addressed the crowd, including lawyer
Leonard A. Suitkin, Frank B. Wood, and ex-Assemblyman Phil Wissig. When the adults had finished speaking, the union president, David Simmons, read a list of resolutions saying that the strike was to stand until the papers reduced their prices, and
3120:
At the turn of the century, newsboys were essential to newspaper distribution. While morning editions of the paper were often delivered directly to subscribers, the afternoon editions relied almost exclusively on newsboys to sell. Most of the newsboys came from poor immigrant families and sold papers
4337:
Annie Kelly was one of the few newswomen loyal to the strike, a fact that made her very popular with the striking newsboys, who saw her as "almost a patron saint." She was the only woman to speak at the rally at Irving Hall, after being pulled on stage by a crowd of cheering newsboys, where she told
4170:
After the rumors about Kid Blink and David
Simmons' desertion of the strike, combined with their failure to obtain a parade permit, the newsboys' faith in centralized leadership was diminished. Other newsboys stepped up to lead the strikers, but none of them had the same level of power and influence
4157:
On July 26, 1899, rumors spread among the newsboys that strike leaders, Kid Blink and David
Simmons had betrayed the strike and agreed to sell the boycotted papers in exchange for a bribe from the newspaper executives. Both boys denied the charges, but some sources note that Kid Blink wore clothes a
4063:
The newsboys' methods were violent in the early days of the strike. Any man or boy found to be selling the two boycotted papers would be mobbed by a group of strikers, beaten, and his papers destroyed. The newspaper owners paid grown men to sell their papers, offering them police protection, but the
4280:
David
Simmons was president of the newsboy union at the beginning of the strike, and treasurer in the second half, after he was accused of betraying the strike and was forced to step back from his leadership role. He was twenty-one at the time of the strike and had been selling newspapers since the
4161:
That night, Kid Blink was chased through the streets by a group of boys angry about the rumors that he had abandoned the strike. A police officer, seeing the group of running boys, assumed that Kid Blink was the leader and arrested him for disorderly conduct. Kid Blink was given a fine and let go,
3155:
increasing newspaper sales, several publishers raised the cost of a newsboy's bundle of 100 newspapers from 50¢ to 60¢, a price increase that at the time was offset by the increased sales. After the war, many papers reduced the cost back to previous levels, with the notable exceptions of
4237:
The face of the strike was Louis "Kid Blink" Baletti. Kid Blink was 18 during the strike, and was described by papers at the time as an "undersized boy" with red hair and an eye patch over his left eye. He also went by the nicknames “Red Blink,” "Muggsy McGee" and "Blind
Diamond."
4158:
bit nicer than usual, indicating the possibility that he may have accepted a bribe. In response to these suspicions, Kid Blink and David
Simmons resigned from their leadership positions, Simmons changing from union president to treasurer, and Kid Blink becoming a walking delegate.
4316:
Morris Cohen was union president after Kid Blink and David
Simmons stepped down. Very little is known about him, but a July 20 memo from Joseph Pulitzer's business manager, Don Seitz, named Cohen as the boy who started the strike in New York City.
4110:
Other speeches were made by "Warhorse" Brennan, Jack
Tietjen, "Bob the Indian", union leader "Kid Blink", "Crazy" Arborn, Annie Kelly, and Brooklyn union leader, "Racetrack" Higgins. The night ended with a song sung by "Hungry Joe" Kernan.
4252:
Kid Blink was accused of betraying the strike and accepting a bribe to sell the boycotted papers, and though some sources claim he was acquitted of these charges, he still stepped down from his leadership position after being accused.
4194:
The leadership of the newsboy strike was less centralized than most unions, with boys in each neighborhood feeling more loyalty to the other boys in their area than to the centralized leadership. That said, some boys were more
4259:
After the strike, Kid Blink got a job as a cart driver and later as a saloon keeper. He may have also worked as the right-hand man to New York mobster Chuck
Connors. He died in July 1913 at the age of 32 of
4292:
Ed "Racetrack" Higgins was the leader of the
Brooklyn union, and was elected vice-president of the general union after Kid Blink and David Simmons were accused of selling out. Higgins was a fixture at the
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from 2012 to 2014, and on tour from 2014 to 2016. A live filmed version of the stage production with cast members from both the Broadway and Tour productions was digitally released on May 23, 2017, on
4064:
strikers often found ways to distract the officers so they could get at the "scabs." Women and girls fared a little better because, as union leader Kid Blink put it, "A feller can't soak a lady."
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When he was arrested during the strike, Kid Blink told the police his name was Louis Ballat, but he was likely lying or they misheard because his real name appears to have been Louis Baletti.
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Henry "Major Butts" Butler was leader of the Upper Manhattan union after Kid Blink stepped down. He was arrested on July 31, 1899, on a charge of blackmail after telling executives at the
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in the afternoons and evenings, after their school activities. They bought papers at 50¢ per hundred, and sold them at 1 cent each, for a profit of half a cent per paper.
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to decrease its circulation from 360,000 papers sold per day to 125,000. Although the price of papers was not lowered, the strike was successful in forcing the
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In the days following the rally, the newsboys' tactics changed to be largely non-violent. Even though they were no longer beating people who sold the
4396:, including a character named Kid Blink (who wears an eye patch), but in this version of the story, the leader of the strike was named Jack Kelly. A
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to their sellers, thus increasing the amount of money that newsboys received for their work. This event inspired the 1992 movie musical,
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The newsboys also distributed flyers and hung signs around the city, encouraging people to help them in their cause by not buying the
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said that "If the newsboys present could have had a vote last night, 'Race Track Higgins' could have had any office in their gift."
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referred to him as "a born leader of boys, and he may yet be of men." His speech at the rally went off so well that the
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Higgins was a charismatic speaker, several papers mentioning his use of humor in his speeches to the striking newsboys.
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that he would not break the strike for less than $ 600 ($ 600 in 1900 is roughly equivalent to $ 22,000 in 2023).
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than others, organizing rallies, acting as spokespeople for the strike, and being interviewed by papers such as the
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On July 26, 1899, the newsboys planned a parade, where as many as 6,000 boys would march, accompanied by a band and
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for several days, effectively stopping circulation of the two papers, along with the news distribution for many
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Simmons read a list of resolutions at the rally at Irving Hall, which the crowd reportedly found quite boring.
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Nasaw, David. (1999) "Ch. 3: Youse an' yer noble scrap: On strike with the Newsboy Legion in 1899." in
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Collection of primary and secondary sources on the strike, its leaders, and newsboys' lives in general
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them "All I can say, boys, is to stick together and we'll win. That's all I've got to say to you."
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and continuing therein, through issue 64, as well as in various forms, including the modern-day
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The newsboys' strike of 1899 has been credited with inspiring later strikes, including the
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age of eight. He was also a well-known amateur prizefighter at the local athletic clubs.
8:
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There were newsboy strikes several years before the events of 1899, including those in
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Newsies often worked late, past midnight. Above, a newsboy working in New York (1910).
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4217:. The papers often quoted the strikers with their New York accents, depicted as an
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was offered to Kid Blink as a reward for giving the best speech of the evening.
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and declared a strike against the papers of Joseph Pulitzer, publisher of the
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also calling on the newsboys to adopt non-violent methods of resistance.
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4141:, but this parade never happened due to issues with obtaining a permit.
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The newsboy strike is described in detail in the 2003 non-fiction book
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37:
Newsboys and newsgirl getting afternoon papers in New York City (1910)
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International Falcon Movement – Socialist Educational International
3573:
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The events of the 1899 strike later inspired the 1992 Disney film
4297:, and referenced horses in many quotes at the time of the strike.
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practices led to improvements in the newsboys' quality of life.
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4614:. J. West Goodwin Printing Company. August 27, 1889. p. 4.
4384:
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4447:
3136:. The last notable strike that the newsboys held against the
5048:"July 30, 1899: 'New-York Newsboys,' Illustrated Supplement"
4276:
Dave Simmons, first president of the Newsboys' union. (1899)
428:
5602:
Nasaw, David. "Dirty-Faced Davids & The Twin Goliaths"
5382:"'Race Track' Higgins and his wonderfully appropriate name"
4162:
while a group of newsboys outside the court jeered at him.
4083:
On July 24, 1899, the newsboys held a city-wide rally at
5280:"Some things we know about the real Kid Blink, part one"
5433:"July 27, 1899: 'Salvation Lassies Wouldn't Sell Them'"
4320:
4036:
On approximately July 18, 1899, a group of newsboys in
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p. 575–578. Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy Publishers.
4224:
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attended the rally, along with two thousand boys from
5147:"July 20, 1899: 'Newsboys Strike Against Two Papers'"
4221:, using such sayings as "Me nobul men is all loyal."
3675:
Community Alliance for the Ethical Treatment of Youth
3059:'s newspapers compensated their force of newsboys or
5356:"July 31, 1899: 'Union to Enforce Newsboys' Strike'"
4443:
3647:
United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child
2471:
4287:
4099:and several hundreds from other areas of the city.
5636:Collection of newspaper articles about the strike.
5564:"Workers' rights and jetés: a show for the season"
5511:"July 25, 1899: 'Park Row Capulets and Montagues'"
4960:"July 26, 1899: 'Newsboys Ready to Show Strength'"
4517:
3656:Americans for a Society Free from Age Restrictions
2239:
4605:"The New York World Has a Strike of Its Pressman"
4233:Boys selling newspapers on Brooklyn Bridge (1908)
6108:
5597:Crying the News: A History of America's Newsboys
5548:Reinier, J.S., Ferguson, P. and West, E. (2001)
4350:newsboys' strike of 1914, and a 1920s strike in
4153:Newsboys amusing themselves while waiting (1908)
4048:, and William Randolph Hearst, publisher of the
5459:"July 30, 1899: 'Striking Newsboys Stand Firm'"
3916:Legal status of tattooing in European countries
4934:"July 25, 1899: 'Newsboy Strike Gains Ground'"
4801:"July 22, 1899: 'Boy Strikers Sweep the City'"
4357:Some decades later, the introduction of urban
3921:Legal status of tattooing in the United States
6142:Newspaper labor disputes in the United States
5666:
5619:Saxby, A. (1902) "The ethics of Newsboys" in
5407:"'The Looker-On' Observing Racetrack Higgins"
5330:"July 31: 'Striking Newsboys Elect Officers'"
5017:"July 28, 1899: 'Newsboys See Victory Ahead'"
4017:
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2457:
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1234:
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5646:An Uncivil War: The Newsboys' Strike of 1899
4827:"July 25, 1899: 'Newsboys Wage A Merry War'"
3238:History of youth rights in the United States
964:
193:
5590:Encyclopedia of Strikes in American History
5254:"July 28, 1899: 'Newsboys Get New Leaders'"
4728:"July 20, 1899: 'Newsboys Start A Strike.'"
4369:The newsboys were fictionalized in 1942 by
4364:
3911:French petition against age of consent laws
3262:Quebec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms
2104:
5673:
5659:
5485:"August 1, 1899: '"World" Jails Newsboys'"
5011:
5009:
5007:
4775:"July 23, 1899: 'Newsboys' Strike Swells'"
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5611:Children of the City: At Work and at Play
5228:"July 27, 1899: 'Tried for High Treason'"
4909:"Race Track Higgins' speech at the rally"
4858:"July 25, 1899: 'Great Meet of Newsboys'"
4769:
4767:
4765:
4520:Children of the City: At Work and at Play
4040:turned over a distribution wagon for the
3715:National Union of Students LGBT+ Campaign
5121:"July 25, 1899: 'Newsboys Act and Talk'"
5090:"July 23, 1899: 'Newsboys' Word Stands'"
4986:"July 27,1899: 'Newsboys Are Weakening'"
4271:
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3665:Human Rights and Youth Rights Commission
3211:Children's Online Privacy Protection Act
3111:
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4524:. Garden City, New York: Anchor Press.
4377:, first appearing in issue number 7 of
4091:. An estimated five thousand boys from
4078:
6109:
6096:Index of youth rights–related articles
5173:"July 24, 1899: 'A Newsboys' Meeting'"
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3221:Convention on the Rights of the Child
3075:lasted two weeks, causing Pulitzer's
3051:to facilitate change in the way that
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5550:Boyhood in America: An encyclopedia.
5539:University of Oklahoma Press. p.112.
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4497:New York: New York Daily News. p. 9.
4418:. In November 2022, a production of
4400:adaptation of the film, also called
4249:for the best speech of the evening.
3881:Ages of consent in the United States
3780:World Federation of Democratic Youth
5562:Wiegand, Chris (December 9, 2022).
4060:were quick to follow the next day.
3063:. The strikers demonstrated across
705:
13:
6152:1890s strikes in the United States
5578:
5217:
5108:
5035:
4710:"Newsboys Strike For Better Terms"
4121:
14:
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5627:
5201:. Digital History. Archived from
4884:"Kid Blink's speech at the rally"
4630:Evening Journal (Wilmington Del.)
4500:
4189:
3735:Students for a Democratic Society
3720:National Youth Rights Association
6137:Labor relations in New York City
6132:Child labor in the United States
5599:(Oxford University Press, 2019).
5305:"A Timeline of Kid Blink's Life"
4583:The Montgomery Weekly Advertiser
4462:Child labor in the United States
4446:
4406:, debuted in 2011 and played on
4267:
3990:
3979:
3876:Ages of consent in South America
3866:Ages of consent in North America
3770:Young Communist League of Canada
3695:High School Democrats of America
2473:Textile strikes in United States
6147:Labor disputes in New York City
6122:1899 labor disputes and strikes
6067:The Teenage Liberation Handbook
5555:
5542:
5535:Peavy, L. and Smith, U. (1999)
5529:
5503:
5477:
5451:
5425:
5399:
5374:
5348:
5322:
5297:
5272:
5246:
5191:
5165:
5139:
5082:
5066:
4978:
4952:
4926:
4901:
4876:
4819:
4793:
4746:
4720:
4311:
1584:Patco (air traffic controllers)
6004:Age of criminal responsibility
4702:
4673:
4644:
4618:
4597:
4571:
4546:"Newsboys indulge in a strike"
4538:
4487:
4332:
3442:Behavior modification facility
3200:Bailey v. Drexel Furniture Co.
2241:North American transit strikes
1:
4585:. January 27, 1887. p. 4
4480:
4428:in London for a limited run.
3760:Youth Liberation of Ann Arbor
3176:
3107:
458:
4087:sponsored by state senator,
3700:Indian Youth Climate Network
3514:Human rights and youth sport
7:
6026:Counterculture of the 1960s
5762:Community youth development
5284:Newsies Historical Research
4593:– via Newspapers.com.
4474:NLRB v. Hearst Publications
4439:
3690:Global Youth Action Network
3599:Underage drinking in the US
2577:Fulton Bag and Cotton Mills
10:
6168:
5777:Positive youth development
5199:"Progressive Era: Newsies"
4321:Henry "Major Butts" Butler
3871:Ages of consent in Oceania
3775:Young Democrats of America
3206:Child Labor Deterrence Act
118:Louis "Kid Blink" Baletti
6117:1899 in the United States
6091:
6061:Taking Children Seriously
5986:
5963:School-to-prison pipeline
5870:
5787:Student-centered learning
5749:
5688:
4341:
4295:Sheepshead Bay Race Track
4225:Louis "Kid Blink" Baletti
4171:that Kid Blink once had.
3861:Ages of consent in Europe
3755:Youth International Party
3660:Canadian Youth for Choice
3354:Taking Children Seriously
3171:
2806:St. Petersburg sanitation
2703:
2479:
2247:
2112:
1840:St. Petersburg sanitation
1737:
1657:
1415:
1256:
972:
717:
652:US Bituminous coal strike
646:US Bituminous coal strike
613:Indiana bituminous strike
468:
297:northern Minnesota lumber
244:
203:
114:
109:
77:
72:
62:
50:
42:
30:
25:
6056:Subcultures of the 1950s
6046:International Youth Year
5711:Intergenerational equity
5613:(1965) pp. 167–77
5073:"Newsboys' Boycott Over"
4365:Cultural representations
3452:Children in the military
3327:Intergenerational equity
3250:Newsboys' strike of 1899
3226:Fair Labor Standards Act
3165:New York Evening Journal
3045:newsboys' strike of 1899
3011:University of California
2045:University of California
1486:Illinois Central shopmen
966:US manufacturing strikes
591:Battle of Blair Mountain
196:Labor disputes by sector
46:July 18 – August 2, 1899
26:Newsboys' strike of 1899
5757:Anarchistic free school
5726:Youth-adult partnership
5621:The Westminster Review.
4753:"Plan to Down Newsboys"
4626:"World Pressman Strike"
4612:The Library of Congress
4454:Organized labour portal
4182:offered the newsboys a
4174:On August 1, 1899, the
3856:Ages of consent in Asia
3725:One World Youth Project
3609:Youth-adult partnership
3057:William Randolph Hearst
2106:Steel strikes in the US
1091:International Harvester
664:Warrior Met Coal strike
623:Columbine Mine massacre
603:UMW General Coal Strike
583:West Virginia coal wars
570:Hartford coal mine riot
352:California agricultural
146:William Randolph Hearst
6020:The Catcher in the Rye
4414:and later switched to
4288:Ed "Racetrack" Higgins
4277:
4234:
4154:
3504:Emancipation of minors
3374:Youth detention center
3216:Kids Online Safety Act
3117:
3100:which was adapted for
2198:Allegheny Technologies
2130:U.S. Steel recognition
1541:NYC teamsters truckers
1455:New Orleans waterfront
1165:St. Paul Park refinery
597:Alabama miners' strike
556:Colorado Coalfield War
525:Anthracite coal strike
495:Bituminous coal strike
478:Mahoning Valley strike
334:Vacaville tree pruners
6051:LGBT student movement
5999:Age of consent reform
5973:Youth control complex
5595:DiGirolamo, Vincent,
4516:Nasaw, David (1985).
4275:
4232:
4166:The end of the strike
4152:
3427:Age of consent reform
3115:
2161:Memorial Day massacre
1608:Montreal longshoremen
1535:Minneapolis teamsters
1529:West Coast waterfront
1492:West Coast waterfront
1425:Great Railroad Strike
519:Carterville Mine Riot
391:Puget Sound fishermen
5767:Democratic education
5701:Free-range parenting
4681:"Newsboys on Strike"
4652:"Newsboys on Strike"
4380:Star Spangled Comics
4352:Louisville, Kentucky
4079:Rally at Irving Hall
3524:Juvenile delinquency
3462:Compulsory education
3412:Adolescent sexuality
3322:Free-range parenting
3153:Spanish–American War
3104:on March 29, 2012.
2788:Cleveland convention
2697:in the United States
2626:Lewiston-Auburn shoe
1822:Cleveland convention
1731:in the United States
1547:Vancouver waterfront
1250:Metal mining strikes
658:Pittston Coal strike
619:Colorado Coal Strike
550:Paint Creek mine war
531:Carbon county strike
238:Agricultural strikes
5832:Youth participation
5827:Youth organizations
5731:Youth mainstreaming
5696:Evolving capacities
5634:City Hall Park 1899
5606:36.3 (1985): 42–47.
5517:. February 12, 2013
5515:City Hall Park 1899
5489:City Hall Park 1899
5465:. February 15, 2014
5463:City Hall Park 1899
5437:City Hall Park 1899
5411:City Hall Park 1899
5360:City Hall Park 1899
5334:City Hall Park 1899
5258:City Hall Park 1899
5234:. February 27, 2013
5232:City Hall Park 1899
5205:on February 5, 2007
5179:. February 11, 2013
5177:City Hall Park 1899
5151:City Hall Park 1899
5127:. February 11, 2013
5125:City Hall Park 1899
5096:. February 11, 2013
5094:City Hall Park 1899
5054:. February 12, 2013
5052:City Hall Park 1899
5021:City Hall Park 1899
4992:. February 11, 2013
4990:City Hall Park 1899
4964:City Hall Park 1899
4938:City Hall Park 1899
4864:. February 20, 2013
4862:City Hall Park 1899
4831:City Hall Park 1899
4805:City Hall Park 1899
4781:. February 14, 2013
4779:City Hall Park 1899
4732:City Hall Park 1899
4495:Big Town, Big Time.
4145:Kid Blink disgraced
4089:Timothy D. Sullivan
3951:Liberation theology
3936:Youth Olympic Games
3750:UK Youth Parliament
3745:Three O'Clock Lobby
3730:Queer Youth Network
3614:Youth participation
3569:Minors and abortion
3554:Minimum driving age
3472:Corporal punishment
3268:Wild in the Streets
3232:Hammer v. Dagenhart
2820:Baltimore municipal
2614:Los Angeles garment
2532:New York shirtwaist
1854:Baltimore municipal
1590:SEPTA Regional Rail
1553:Gulf Coast maritime
1510:Portland waterfront
1307:Colorado Labor Wars
1207:United Auto Workers
1110:International Paper
544:Westmoreland strike
411:Watsonville Cannery
328:Santa Clara cannery
309:Imperial cantaloupe
5837:Youth philanthropy
5706:Future generations
5537:Frontier Children.
4714:The New York Times
4688:The New York Times
4659:The New York Times
4552:. March 30, 1886.
4550:The New York Times
4278:
4243:charismatic leader
4235:
4155:
3997:Society portal
3624:Youth unemployment
3579:School leaving age
3539:Legal drinking age
3359:Universal suffrage
3332:Future generations
3244:Morse v. Frederick
3151:In 1898, with the
3118:
3049:youth-led campaign
2873:Broadway musicians
2830:Atlanta sanitation
2800:Memphis sanitation
1907:Broadway musicians
1864:Atlanta sanitation
1834:Memphis sanitation
1651:Sanitation strikes
1504:Seattle waterfront
507:Illinois coal wars
356:Santa Clara cherry
150:(publisher of the
138:(publisher of the
127:(union president)
6104:
6103:
6073:Teenage rebellion
6041:Hungry generation
5928:Helicopter parent
5772:Popular education
5682:Youth empowerment
5604:American Heritage
5586:"Newsboy Strikes"
5079:. August 2, 1899.
4833:. August 30, 2013
4734:. January 1, 2016
4690:. August 13, 1889
4661:. August 13, 1889
4632:. August 17, 1889
4579:"A Case in Point"
4469:includes newsboys
4034:
4033:
3740:Freechild Project
3549:Legal working age
3379:Youth empowerment
3159:The Evening World
3061:newspaper hawkers
3038:
3037:
2861:Detroit newspaper
2752:Fleischer Studios
2661:
2660:
2654:
2653:
2436:
2435:
2251:Streetcar strikes
2207:
2206:
2136:Pressed Steel Car
2072:
2071:
1895:Detroit newspaper
1786:Fleischer Studios
1695:
1694:
1617:
1616:
1498:NYC Harbor Strike
1480:New Orleans Levee
1474:Chicago teamsters
1449:Buffalo switchmen
1409:Transport strikes
1375:
1374:
1216:
1215:
1159:Bath shipbuilders
932:
931:
673:
672:
629:Harlan County War
587:Battle of Matewan
501:Lattimer massacre
484:Morewood massacre
426:
425:
279:Seattle fishermen
162:
161:
155:
143:
128:
122:
105:
104:
16:American campaign
6159:
6127:History of youth
5994:Age of candidacy
5948:Parental respect
5913:Fear of children
5888:Age restrictions
5817:Youth leadership
5812:Youth engagement
5782:Student activism
5716:Leaving the nest
5675:
5668:
5661:
5652:
5651:
5640:Newsboys of 1899
5592:(2009): 609–619.
5572:
5571:
5559:
5553:
5546:
5540:
5533:
5527:
5526:
5524:
5522:
5507:
5501:
5500:
5498:
5496:
5481:
5475:
5474:
5472:
5470:
5455:
5449:
5448:
5446:
5444:
5439:. March 31, 2015
5429:
5423:
5422:
5420:
5418:
5403:
5397:
5396:
5394:
5392:
5386:Newsboys of 1899
5378:
5372:
5371:
5369:
5367:
5362:. March 31, 2015
5352:
5346:
5345:
5343:
5341:
5336:. March 31, 2015
5326:
5320:
5319:
5317:
5315:
5301:
5295:
5294:
5292:
5290:
5276:
5270:
5269:
5267:
5265:
5250:
5244:
5243:
5241:
5239:
5224:
5215:
5214:
5212:
5210:
5195:
5189:
5188:
5186:
5184:
5169:
5163:
5162:
5160:
5158:
5143:
5137:
5136:
5134:
5132:
5117:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5101:
5086:
5080:
5077:New York Tribune
5070:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5059:
5044:
5033:
5032:
5030:
5028:
5023:. March 31, 2015
5013:
5002:
5001:
4999:
4997:
4982:
4976:
4975:
4973:
4971:
4966:. March 31, 2015
4956:
4950:
4949:
4947:
4945:
4940:. March 31, 2015
4930:
4924:
4923:
4921:
4919:
4905:
4899:
4898:
4896:
4894:
4880:
4874:
4873:
4871:
4869:
4854:
4843:
4842:
4840:
4838:
4823:
4817:
4816:
4814:
4812:
4807:. March 31, 2015
4797:
4791:
4790:
4788:
4786:
4771:
4760:
4750:
4744:
4743:
4741:
4739:
4724:
4718:
4717:
4706:
4700:
4699:
4697:
4695:
4685:
4677:
4671:
4670:
4668:
4666:
4656:
4648:
4642:
4641:
4639:
4637:
4622:
4616:
4615:
4609:
4601:
4595:
4594:
4592:
4590:
4575:
4569:
4568:
4566:
4564:
4542:
4536:
4535:
4523:
4513:
4498:
4491:
4467:Newspaper hawker
4456:
4451:
4450:
4241:Kid Blink was a
4202:New York Tribune
4042:New York Journal
4038:Long Island City
4026:
4019:
4012:
3995:
3994:
3983:
3982:
3931:Students' rights
3896:Direct democracy
3685:Future Coalition
3559:Marriageable age
3519:In loco parentis
3417:Age of candidacy
3317:Fear of children
3181:
3180:
2764:Disney animators
2698:
2688:
2681:
2674:
2665:
2664:
2560:
2513:North Adams shoe
2507:New England shoe
2474:
2466:
2459:
2452:
2443:
2442:
2366:Century Airlines
2242:
2234:
2227:
2220:
2211:
2210:
2107:
2099:
2092:
2085:
2076:
2075:
1798:Disney animators
1732:
1722:
1715:
1708:
1699:
1698:
1652:
1644:
1637:
1630:
1621:
1620:
1410:
1402:
1395:
1388:
1379:
1378:
1251:
1243:
1236:
1229:
1220:
1219:
988:El Paso smelters
967:
959:
952:
945:
936:
935:
888:French Caribbean
754:Haymarket Affair
712:
710:
700:
693:
686:
677:
676:
633:Battle of Evarts
511:Battle of Virden
463:
453:
446:
439:
430:
429:
372:Stockton cannery
322:Imperial lettuce
239:
231:
224:
217:
208:
207:
197:
188:
181:
174:
165:
164:
149:
137:
126:
121:(strike leader)
120:
98:New York Journal
79:
78:
35:
23:
22:
6167:
6166:
6162:
6161:
6160:
6158:
6157:
6156:
6107:
6106:
6105:
6100:
6087:
6009:Beat Generation
5982:
5978:Youth exclusion
5933:Infantilization
5903:Eleutherophobia
5866:
5822:Youth-led media
5745:
5684:
5679:
5630:
5581:
5579:Further reading
5576:
5575:
5560:
5556:
5547:
5543:
5534:
5530:
5520:
5518:
5509:
5508:
5504:
5494:
5492:
5491:. April 4, 2013
5483:
5482:
5478:
5468:
5466:
5457:
5456:
5452:
5442:
5440:
5431:
5430:
5426:
5416:
5414:
5413:. July 29, 2015
5405:
5404:
5400:
5390:
5388:
5380:
5379:
5375:
5365:
5363:
5354:
5353:
5349:
5339:
5337:
5328:
5327:
5323:
5313:
5311:
5309:Newsies of 1899
5303:
5302:
5298:
5288:
5286:
5278:
5277:
5273:
5263:
5261:
5260:. April 4, 2013
5252:
5251:
5247:
5237:
5235:
5226:
5225:
5218:
5208:
5206:
5197:
5196:
5192:
5182:
5180:
5171:
5170:
5166:
5156:
5154:
5153:. March 1, 2015
5145:
5144:
5140:
5130:
5128:
5119:
5118:
5109:
5099:
5097:
5088:
5087:
5083:
5071:
5067:
5057:
5055:
5046:
5045:
5036:
5026:
5024:
5015:
5014:
5005:
4995:
4993:
4984:
4983:
4979:
4969:
4967:
4958:
4957:
4953:
4943:
4941:
4932:
4931:
4927:
4917:
4915:
4907:
4906:
4902:
4892:
4890:
4882:
4881:
4877:
4867:
4865:
4856:
4855:
4846:
4836:
4834:
4825:
4824:
4820:
4810:
4808:
4799:
4798:
4794:
4784:
4782:
4773:
4772:
4763:
4759:. July 24, 1899
4751:
4747:
4737:
4735:
4726:
4725:
4721:
4708:
4707:
4703:
4693:
4691:
4683:
4679:
4678:
4674:
4664:
4662:
4654:
4650:
4649:
4645:
4635:
4633:
4624:
4623:
4619:
4607:
4603:
4602:
4598:
4588:
4586:
4577:
4576:
4572:
4562:
4560:
4544:
4543:
4539:
4532:
4514:
4501:
4492:
4488:
4483:
4452:
4445:
4442:
4434:Kids on Strike!
4398:musical theatre
4367:
4344:
4335:
4323:
4314:
4290:
4270:
4227:
4214:New York Herald
4192:
4168:
4147:
4124:
4122:After the rally
4081:
4030:
4001:
3989:
3980:
3971:
3970:
3851:
3843:
3842:
3818:Koroknay-Palicz
3793:
3785:
3784:
3642:
3634:
3633:
3437:Age of marriage
3432:Age of majority
3407:
3399:
3398:
3384:Youth exclusion
3302:Criminalization
3282:
3281:Theory/concepts
3274:
3273:
3194:
3179:
3174:
3110:
3053:Joseph Pulitzer
3041:
3040:
3039:
3034:
2992:Stop & Shop
2879:CA supermarkets
2699:
2696:
2695:Service strikes
2694:
2692:
2662:
2657:
2656:
2655:
2650:
2632:Montreal Cotton
2558:
2538:Chicago garment
2475:
2472:
2470:
2439:
2437:
2432:
2323:Bloomington, IL
2243:
2240:
2238:
2208:
2203:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2073:
2068:
2026:Stop & Shop
1913:CA supermarkets
1733:
1730:
1729:Service strikes
1728:
1726:
1696:
1691:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1618:
1613:
1516:Railway shopmen
1437:Great Southwest
1411:
1408:
1406:
1376:
1371:
1266:Upper Peninsula
1252:
1249:
1247:
1217:
1212:
1118: 1986–1987
1112: 1987-1988
968:
965:
963:
933:
928:
713:
709:General strikes
708:
706:
704:
674:
669:
607:Herrin massacre
560:Ludlow Massacre
464:
459:
457:
427:
422:
254:Thibodaux sugar
240:
237:
235:
199:
195:
192:
158:
157:
148:
144:
136:
134:Joseph Pulitzer
130:
125:
123:
119:
101:
95:
86:
58:
38:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6165:
6155:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6124:
6119:
6102:
6101:
6099:
6098:
6092:
6089:
6088:
6086:
6085:
6080:
6078:UK underground
6075:
6070:
6063:
6058:
6053:
6048:
6043:
6038:
6033:
6028:
6023:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5996:
5990:
5988:
5987:Related topics
5984:
5983:
5981:
5980:
5975:
5970:
5965:
5960:
5955:
5950:
5945:
5940:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5874:
5872:
5868:
5867:
5865:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5852:Youth suffrage
5849:
5844:
5842:Youth politics
5839:
5834:
5829:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5809:
5804:
5802:Youth activism
5799:
5794:
5792:Student rights
5789:
5784:
5779:
5774:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5753:
5751:
5747:
5746:
5744:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5692:
5690:
5686:
5685:
5678:
5677:
5670:
5663:
5655:
5649:
5648:
5643:
5637:
5629:
5628:External links
5626:
5625:
5624:
5617:
5607:
5600:
5593:
5580:
5577:
5574:
5573:
5554:
5541:
5528:
5502:
5476:
5450:
5424:
5398:
5373:
5347:
5321:
5296:
5271:
5245:
5216:
5190:
5164:
5138:
5107:
5081:
5065:
5034:
5003:
4977:
4951:
4925:
4900:
4875:
4844:
4818:
4792:
4761:
4745:
4719:
4701:
4672:
4643:
4617:
4596:
4570:
4537:
4530:
4499:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4478:
4477:
4470:
4464:
4458:
4457:
4441:
4438:
4375:Newsboy Legion
4366:
4363:
4348:Butte, Montana
4343:
4340:
4334:
4331:
4327:New York World
4322:
4319:
4313:
4310:
4306:New York Times
4289:
4286:
4269:
4266:
4226:
4223:
4191:
4190:Strike leaders
4188:
4167:
4164:
4146:
4143:
4123:
4120:
4080:
4077:
4032:
4031:
4029:
4028:
4021:
4014:
4006:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3999:
3987:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3969:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3926:Libertarianism
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3901:Egalitarianism
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3852:
3849:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3841:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3787:
3786:
3783:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3765:The Youth Cafe
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3654:
3649:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3636:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3619:Youth politics
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3594:Status offense
3591:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3536:
3531:
3529:Juvenile court
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3457:Child marriage
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3422:Age of consent
3419:
3414:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3401:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3391:
3389:Youth suffrage
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3369:Youth activism
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3283:
3280:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3264:
3259:
3252:
3247:
3240:
3235:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3195:
3192:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3109:
3106:
3089:to offer full
3078:New York World
3036:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3026:
3020:
3014:
3008:
3001:
3000:
2996:
2995:
2989:
2983:
2953:
2947:
2941:
2935:
2932:Fight for $ 15
2929:
2918:
2917:
2913:
2912:
2906:
2900:
2894:
2888:
2882:
2876:
2870:
2864:
2858:
2852:
2846:
2839:
2838:
2834:
2833:
2827:
2816:
2815:
2809:
2803:
2797:
2791:
2785:
2779:
2773:
2767:
2761:
2755:
2749:
2742:
2741:
2737:
2736:
2730:
2723:
2722:
2716:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2691:
2690:
2683:
2676:
2668:
2659:
2658:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2635:
2629:
2623:
2617:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2604:
2598:
2592:
2586:
2580:
2574:
2568:
2562:
2553:
2547:
2541:
2535:
2529:
2522:
2521:
2517:
2516:
2510:
2504:
2498:
2492:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2469:
2468:
2461:
2454:
2446:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2424:
2418:
2412:
2406:
2399:
2398:
2394:
2393:
2387:
2381:
2375:
2369:
2362:
2361:
2357:
2356:
2350:
2344:
2338:
2332:
2326:
2320:
2314:
2308:
2302:
2296:
2290:
2284:
2278:
2272:
2266:
2260:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2237:
2236:
2229:
2222:
2214:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2201:
2195:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2182:
2176:
2170:
2164:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2147:
2140:
2139:
2133:
2126:
2125:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2102:
2101:
2094:
2087:
2079:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2060:
2054:
2048:
2042:
2035:
2034:
2030:
2029:
2023:
2017:
1987:
1981:
1975:
1969:
1966:Fight for $ 15
1963:
1952:
1951:
1947:
1946:
1940:
1934:
1928:
1922:
1916:
1910:
1904:
1898:
1892:
1886:
1880:
1873:
1872:
1868:
1867:
1861:
1850:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1831:
1825:
1819:
1813:
1807:
1801:
1795:
1789:
1783:
1776:
1775:
1771:
1770:
1764:
1757:
1756:
1750:
1743:
1742:
1738:
1735:
1734:
1725:
1724:
1717:
1710:
1702:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1683:
1677:
1671:
1668:St. Petersburg
1665:
1658:
1655:
1654:
1647:
1646:
1639:
1632:
1624:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1605:
1599:
1593:
1587:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1568:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1544:
1538:
1532:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1519:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1489:
1483:
1477:
1470:
1469:
1465:
1464:
1461:Pullman Strike
1458:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1405:
1404:
1397:
1390:
1382:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1369:
1363:
1357:
1350:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1338:
1332:
1329:Copper Country
1326:
1320:
1314:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1297:
1291:
1284:
1283:
1277:
1270:
1269:
1262:
1261:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1246:
1245:
1238:
1231:
1223:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1210:
1204:
1198:
1192:
1186:
1180:
1174:
1168:
1162:
1156:
1150:
1144:
1141:Oil refineries
1137:
1136:
1132:
1131:
1125:
1122:General Motors
1119:
1113:
1107:
1104:Todd Shipyards
1100:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1088:
1082:
1076:
1073:General Motors
1070:
1067:General Motors
1064:
1058:
1052:
1046:
1040:
1037:Flint sit-down
1034:
1028:
1022:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1003:
997:
991:
985:
978:
977:
973:
970:
969:
962:
961:
954:
947:
939:
930:
929:
927:
926:
920:
914:
909:
903:
897:
891:
885:
879:
872:
871:
867:
866:
859:
858:
852:
846:
840:
834:
828:
822:
816:
810:
805:
799:
793:
788:
782:
776:
769:
768:
764:
763:
757:
747:
741:
736:
730:
723:
722:
718:
715:
714:
703:
702:
695:
688:
680:
671:
670:
668:
667:
661:
655:
649:
642:
641:
637:
636:
626:
616:
610:
600:
594:
579:
578:
574:
573:
567:
564:The 10-Day War
553:
547:
540:
539:
535:
534:
528:
522:
504:
498:
492:
490:Coal Creek War
487:
481:
474:
473:
469:
466:
465:
456:
455:
448:
441:
433:
424:
423:
421:
420:
414:
408:
402:
395:
394:
388:
385:Hawaiian sugar
381:
380:
376:
375:
369:
363:
360:El Monte berry
349:
343:
340:Wisconsin milk
337:
331:
325:
318:
317:
313:
312:
306:
303:Hanapepe sugar
300:
294:
291:Wheatland hops
288:
282:
276:
269:
268:
264:
263:
260:Cotton pickers
257:
250:
249:
245:
242:
241:
234:
233:
226:
219:
211:
205:
204:
201:
200:
191:
190:
183:
176:
168:
160:
159:
131:
124:David Simmons
116:
115:
112:
111:
107:
106:
103:
102:
92:New York World
89:
87:
82:
75:
74:
70:
69:
64:
60:
59:
54:
52:
48:
47:
44:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
21:
20:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6164:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6114:
6112:
6097:
6094:
6093:
6090:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6068:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6021:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5991:
5989:
5985:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5968:Vicariousness
5966:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5956:
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5938:Intrusiveness
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5898:Control freak
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5878:Adultcentrism
5876:
5875:
5873:
5869:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5847:Youth service
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5807:Youth council
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5754:
5752:
5748:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5721:Student voice
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5693:
5691:
5687:
5683:
5676:
5671:
5669:
5664:
5662:
5657:
5656:
5653:
5647:
5644:
5641:
5638:
5635:
5632:
5631:
5622:
5618:
5616:
5612:
5608:
5605:
5601:
5598:
5594:
5591:
5587:
5584:Bekken, Jon.
5583:
5582:
5570:. p. 27.
5569:
5565:
5558:
5552:ABC-Clio Inc.
5551:
5545:
5538:
5532:
5516:
5512:
5506:
5490:
5486:
5480:
5464:
5460:
5454:
5438:
5434:
5428:
5412:
5408:
5402:
5387:
5383:
5377:
5361:
5357:
5351:
5335:
5331:
5325:
5310:
5306:
5300:
5285:
5281:
5275:
5259:
5255:
5249:
5233:
5229:
5223:
5221:
5204:
5200:
5194:
5178:
5174:
5168:
5152:
5148:
5142:
5126:
5122:
5116:
5114:
5112:
5095:
5091:
5085:
5078:
5074:
5069:
5053:
5049:
5043:
5041:
5039:
5022:
5018:
5012:
5010:
5008:
4991:
4987:
4981:
4965:
4961:
4955:
4939:
4935:
4929:
4914:
4910:
4904:
4889:
4885:
4879:
4863:
4859:
4853:
4851:
4849:
4832:
4828:
4822:
4806:
4802:
4796:
4780:
4776:
4770:
4768:
4766:
4758:
4754:
4749:
4733:
4729:
4723:
4715:
4711:
4705:
4689:
4682:
4676:
4660:
4653:
4647:
4631:
4627:
4621:
4613:
4606:
4600:
4584:
4580:
4574:
4559:
4555:
4551:
4547:
4541:
4533:
4531:9780385171649
4527:
4522:
4521:
4512:
4510:
4508:
4506:
4504:
4496:
4490:
4486:
4476:
4475:
4471:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4459:
4455:
4449:
4444:
4437:
4436:
4435:
4429:
4427:
4423:
4422:
4417:
4413:
4409:
4405:
4404:
4399:
4395:
4394:
4388:
4386:
4382:
4381:
4376:
4372:
4362:
4360:
4359:child-welfare
4355:
4353:
4349:
4339:
4330:
4328:
4318:
4309:
4307:
4303:
4302:Brooklyn Life
4298:
4296:
4285:
4282:
4274:
4268:David Simmons
4265:
4263:
4257:
4254:
4250:
4248:
4244:
4239:
4231:
4222:
4220:
4216:
4215:
4210:
4209:
4204:
4203:
4198:
4187:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4172:
4163:
4159:
4151:
4142:
4140:
4135:
4133:
4129:
4119:
4117:
4112:
4108:
4105:
4100:
4098:
4094:
4090:
4086:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4065:
4061:
4059:
4055:
4051:
4047:
4043:
4039:
4027:
4022:
4020:
4015:
4013:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4004:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3986:
3978:
3977:
3975:
3974:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3886:Animal rights
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3853:
3847:
3846:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3789:
3788:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3644:
3641:Organizations
3638:
3637:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3589:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3544:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3474:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3287:Adultcentrism
3285:
3284:
3278:
3277:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3197:
3196:
3190:
3189:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3161:
3160:
3154:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3122:
3114:
3105:
3103:
3099:
3097:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3079:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3065:New York City
3062:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3021:
3018:
3017:Writers Guild
3015:
3012:
3009:
3006:
3005:UC Santa Cruz
3003:
3002:
2998:
2997:
2993:
2990:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2954:
2951:
2948:
2945:
2942:
2939:
2938:Tacoma nurses
2936:
2933:
2930:
2927:
2923:
2920:
2919:
2915:
2914:
2910:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2898:
2897:Writers Guild
2895:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2883:
2880:
2877:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2849:Writers Guild
2847:
2844:
2843:Writers Guild
2841:
2840:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2828:
2825:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2804:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2786:
2783:
2782:Writers Guild
2780:
2777:
2774:
2771:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2734:
2733:Boston police
2731:
2728:
2725:
2724:
2720:
2717:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2705:
2702:
2689:
2684:
2682:
2677:
2675:
2670:
2669:
2666:
2646:
2645:NYC Chinatown
2643:
2642:
2638:
2637:
2633:
2630:
2627:
2624:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2611:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2599:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2571:Ipswich Mills
2569:
2566:
2565:Paterson silk
2563:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2518:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2499:
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2493:
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2487:
2486:
2482:
2481:
2478:
2467:
2462:
2460:
2455:
2453:
2448:
2447:
2444:
2440:
2428:
2427:Lyft and Uber
2425:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2413:
2410:
2409:New York City
2407:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2396:
2395:
2391:
2390:New York City
2388:
2385:
2382:
2379:
2378:New York City
2376:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2351:
2348:
2345:
2342:
2339:
2336:
2333:
2330:
2327:
2324:
2321:
2318:
2315:
2312:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2275:San Francisco
2273:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2246:
2235:
2230:
2228:
2223:
2221:
2216:
2215:
2212:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2111:
2100:
2095:
2093:
2088:
2086:
2081:
2080:
2077:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2051:Writers Guild
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2039:UC Santa Cruz
2037:
2036:
2032:
2031:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1972:Tacoma nurses
1970:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1948:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1931:Writers Guild
1929:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1883:Writers Guild
1881:
1878:
1877:Writers Guild
1875:
1874:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1816:Writers Guild
1814:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1773:
1772:
1768:
1767:Boston police
1765:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1739:
1736:
1723:
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1597:
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1418:
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1414:
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1384:
1383:
1380:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1346:
1342:
1341:Anaconda Road
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1311:Idaho Springs
1308:
1305:
1304:
1300:
1299:
1295:
1294:Coeur d'Alene
1292:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1281:
1280:Cripple Creek
1278:
1275:
1274:Coeur d'Alene
1272:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1259:
1258:
1255:
1244:
1239:
1237:
1232:
1230:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1061:Chrysler Auto
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1012:
1011:
1007:
1006:Boston cigars
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
989:
986:
983:
980:
979:
975:
974:
971:
960:
955:
953:
948:
946:
941:
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921:
918:
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913:
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904:
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895:
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880:
877:
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873:
869:
868:
864:
861:
860:
856:
853:
850:
847:
844:
841:
838:
835:
832:
829:
826:
823:
820:
817:
814:
811:
809:
808:San Francisco
806:
803:
800:
797:
794:
792:
789:
786:
783:
780:
777:
774:
771:
770:
766:
765:
761:
758:
755:
751:
750:First May Day
748:
745:
742:
740:
737:
734:
731:
728:
725:
724:
720:
719:
716:
711:
701:
696:
694:
689:
687:
682:
681:
678:
665:
662:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
644:
643:
640:1940s – 2020s
639:
638:
634:
630:
627:
624:
620:
617:
614:
611:
608:
604:
601:
598:
595:
592:
588:
584:
581:
580:
577:1920s – 1930s
576:
575:
571:
568:
565:
561:
557:
554:
551:
548:
545:
542:
541:
537:
536:
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520:
516:
512:
508:
505:
502:
499:
496:
493:
491:
488:
485:
482:
479:
476:
475:
472:1870s – 1900s
471:
470:
467:
462:
454:
449:
447:
442:
440:
435:
434:
431:
418:
415:
412:
409:
406:
403:
400:
397:
396:
392:
389:
386:
383:
382:
379:1940s–present
378:
377:
373:
370:
367:
364:
361:
357:
353:
350:
347:
344:
341:
338:
335:
332:
329:
326:
323:
320:
319:
315:
314:
310:
307:
304:
301:
298:
295:
292:
289:
286:
285:Grabow lumber
283:
280:
277:
274:
271:
270:
266:
265:
261:
258:
255:
252:
251:
247:
246:
243:
232:
227:
225:
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218:
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202:
198:
189:
184:
182:
177:
175:
170:
169:
166:
156:
153:
147:
141:
135:
129:
113:
108:
100:
99:
94:
93:
88:
85:
81:
80:
76:
71:
68:
65:
61:
57:
56:New York City
53:
49:
45:
41:
34:
29:
24:
19:
6065:
6018:
5918:Gerontocracy
5908:Ephebiphobia
5736:Youth rights
5620:
5610:
5603:
5596:
5589:
5568:The Guardian
5567:
5557:
5549:
5544:
5536:
5531:
5519:. Retrieved
5514:
5505:
5493:. Retrieved
5488:
5479:
5467:. Retrieved
5462:
5453:
5441:. Retrieved
5436:
5427:
5415:. Retrieved
5410:
5401:
5389:. Retrieved
5385:
5376:
5364:. Retrieved
5359:
5350:
5338:. Retrieved
5333:
5324:
5312:. Retrieved
5308:
5299:
5287:. Retrieved
5283:
5274:
5262:. Retrieved
5257:
5248:
5236:. Retrieved
5231:
5207:. Retrieved
5203:the original
5193:
5181:. Retrieved
5176:
5167:
5155:. Retrieved
5150:
5141:
5129:. Retrieved
5124:
5098:. Retrieved
5093:
5084:
5076:
5068:
5056:. Retrieved
5051:
5025:. Retrieved
5020:
4994:. Retrieved
4989:
4980:
4968:. Retrieved
4963:
4954:
4942:. Retrieved
4937:
4928:
4916:. Retrieved
4912:
4903:
4891:. Retrieved
4887:
4878:
4866:. Retrieved
4861:
4835:. Retrieved
4830:
4821:
4809:. Retrieved
4804:
4795:
4783:. Retrieved
4778:
4756:
4748:
4736:. Retrieved
4731:
4722:
4713:
4704:
4692:. Retrieved
4687:
4675:
4663:. Retrieved
4658:
4646:
4634:. Retrieved
4629:
4620:
4611:
4599:
4587:. Retrieved
4582:
4573:
4561:. Retrieved
4549:
4540:
4519:
4494:
4489:
4472:
4432:
4430:
4426:Off West End
4419:
4401:
4391:
4389:
4378:
4368:
4356:
4345:
4336:
4326:
4324:
4315:
4312:Morris Cohen
4305:
4301:
4299:
4291:
4283:
4279:
4262:tuberculosis
4258:
4255:
4251:
4240:
4236:
4212:
4208:New York Sun
4206:
4200:
4193:
4179:
4175:
4173:
4169:
4160:
4156:
4136:
4131:
4127:
4125:
4113:
4109:
4101:
4082:
4072:
4068:
4066:
4062:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4035:
3985:Youth rights
3941:Youth sports
3670:Common Cents
3629:Youth voting
3588:U.S. history
3543:U.S. history
3534:Juvenile law
3509:Gambling age
3467:Conscription
3447:Child labour
3344:Social class
3312:Ephebiphobia
3266:
3254:
3249:
3242:
3230:
3198:
3185:Youth rights
3163:
3157:
3150:
3141:
3137:
3123:
3119:
3094:
3086:
3082:
3076:
3071:cities. The
3044:
3042:
2855:SF newspaper
2812:NYC teachers
2746:Seattle Post
2712:
2550:Little Falls
2438:
2372:Philadelphia
2317:Portland, ME
2299:Indianapolis
2293:Philadelphia
2263:Indianapolis
2249:
2157:Little Steel
1889:SF newspaper
1846:NYC teachers
1780:Seattle Post
1746:
1571:Longshoremen
1360:Murdochville
1171:Volvo Trucks
1043:Akron rubber
1019:Tampa cigars
1000:Standard Oil
779:Philadelphia
727:Philadelphia
399:Delano grape
366:Great lumber
151:
139:
132:
117:
110:Lead figures
96:
90:
18:
5953:Paternalism
5741:Youth voice
4918:February 8,
4893:February 8,
4608:(Newspaper)
4563:February 8,
4333:Annie Kelly
4219:eye dialect
4197:influential
4104:businessmen
4102:Many local
4085:Irving Hall
3891:Anti-racism
3680:DoSomething
3584:Smoking age
3564:Minor (law)
3499:Child abuse
3394:Youth voice
3364:Unschooling
3339:Paternalism
3146:August 1889
3069:New England
3047:was a U.S.
3029:Video games
2982:) 2018–2019
2968:Los Angeles
2950:Video games
2885:UM Janitors
2837:1980s–2000s
2740:1930s–1970s
2719:NYC waiters
2707:1800s–1920s
2639:1980s–2000s
2608:1930s–1970s
2595:New Bedford
2583:New England
2520:1900s–1920s
2397:1980s–2020s
2360:1930s–1970s
2353:New Orleans
2341:New Orleans
2335:Los Angeles
2329:Twin Cities
2269:Los Angeles
2186:1980s–2020s
2151:1930s–1970s
2144:Great Steel
2116:1800s–1920s
2063:Video games
2016:) 2018–2019
2002:Los Angeles
1984:Video games
1919:UM Janitors
1871:1980s–2000s
1774:1930s–1970s
1753:NYC waiters
1741:1800s–1920s
1578:1980s–2000s
1559:NYC tugboat
1523:1930s–1970s
1468:1900s–1920s
1354:Empire Zinc
1348:1930s–1970s
1301:1900s–1920s
1189:Heaven Hill
1135:2010s–2020s
1098:1980s–2000s
1013:1930s–1970s
976:1800s–1920s
813:Minneapolis
760:New Orleans
631:1931–1939 (
509:1898–1900 (
413:(1985–1987)
401:(1965–1970)
346:Yakima hops
267:1900s–1920s
6111:Categories
6083:Voting age
5958:Patriarchy
5943:Narcissism
5862:Youth work
5857:Youth vote
5797:Teen court
4481:References
4184:compromise
3946:Youth wing
3604:Voting age
3193:Activities
3177:Early days
3108:Background
2922:Government
2903:Stagehands
2794:St. John's
2758:NYC retail
2601:Loray Mill
2501:Mill Women
2489:Mill Women
2179:Nationwide
2173:Nationwide
2167:Nationwide
1956:Government
1937:Stagehands
1828:St. John's
1792:NYC retail
1674:Charleston
1443:Burlington
1209: 2023
1203: 2021
1201:John Deere
1197: 2021
1191: 2021
1185: 2021
1179: 2021
1173: 2021
1167: 2021
1161: 2020
1155: 2016
1149: 2015
1143: 2015
1130: 2008
1124: 2007
1116:John Deere
1106: 1983
1093: 1979
1087: 1954
1081: 1948
1075: 1945
1069: 1939
1063: 1939
1057: 1937
1051: 1936
1045: 1936
1039: 1936
1033: 1934
1027: 1934
1021: 1931
1008: 1919
1002: 1915
996: 1913
994:Studebaker
990: 1913
984: 1877
405:Salad Bowl
152:NY Journal
5923:Grounding
4558:0362-4331
4371:DC Comics
4247:horseshoe
4139:fireworks
4116:horseshoe
4114:A floral
4093:Manhattan
4054:Manhattan
3961:Socialism
3956:Communism
3482:at school
3307:Democracy
3023:SAG-AFTRA
2934:2012–2019
2926:Wisconsin
2776:Hollywood
2770:Musicians
2579:1914–1915
2552:1912–1913
2526:Skowhegan
2403:Greyhound
2281:Pensacola
2257:St. Louis
2122:Homestead
2057:SAG-AFTRA
1968:2012–2019
1960:Wisconsin
1810:Hollywood
1804:Musicians
1431:Camp Dump
1323:Goldfield
1313:) 1903–04
1288:Leadville
1195:Kellogg's
1177:Frito-Lay
1049:Remington
1025:Auto-Lite
785:Vancouver
739:St. Louis
621:1927–28 (
585:1912–21 (
558:1913–14 (
515:Pana riot
461:Coal Wars
417:Frito-Lay
299:1916–1917
5883:Adultism
5871:Barriers
5689:Elements
5521:June 27,
5495:June 27,
5469:June 27,
5443:June 27,
5417:June 27,
5391:June 26,
5366:June 26,
5340:June 26,
5314:June 26,
5289:June 26,
5264:June 26,
5238:June 26,
5209:June 17,
5183:June 26,
5157:June 26,
5131:June 26,
5100:June 26,
5058:June 26,
5027:June 26,
4996:June 26,
4970:June 25,
4944:June 25,
4868:June 25,
4837:June 25,
4811:June 25,
4785:June 25,
4738:June 25,
4636:July 28,
4589:July 18,
4440:See also
4408:Broadway
4097:Brooklyn
4058:Brooklyn
3906:Feminism
3798:Fletcher
3710:Mermaids
3574:Restavec
3349:Suffrage
3292:Adultism
3162:and the
3140:and the
3102:Broadway
3091:buybacks
2956:Teachers
2909:CBS News
2713:Newsboys
2620:National
2556:Hopedale
2544:Lawrence
2495:Paterson
2305:St. John
2287:Columbus
1990:Teachers
1943:CBS News
1747:Newsboys
1153:Jim Beam
900:European
837:Paraguay
796:Winnipeg
744:Scranton
140:NY World
84:Newsboys
67:Striking
51:Location
6036:Hippies
6031:Greaser
6014:Beatnik
5609:Nasaw,
4757:The Sun
4694:May 22,
4665:May 22,
4424:opened
4421:Newsies
4416:Disney+
4412:Netflix
4403:Newsies
4393:Newsies
4373:as the
4180:Journal
4132:Journal
4073:Journal
4050:Journal
3966:Marxism
3850:Related
3833:Postman
3477:at home
3144:was in
3142:Journal
3096:Newsies
3087:Journal
2944:Verizon
2891:Umpires
2867:Verizon
2589:Passaic
2421:Toronto
2415:Toronto
2384:Atlanta
2311:Atlanta
1978:Verizon
1925:Umpires
1901:Verizon
1686:Atlanta
1680:Atlanta
1662:Memphis
1331:1913–14
1325:1906–07
1317:Cananea
1290:1896–97
1183:Nabisco
923:Catalan
917:Catalan
849:Uruguay
843:Namibia
831:Finland
825:Austria
819:Oakland
802:Germany
791:Seattle
733:Catalan
666:2021–23
660:1989–90
654:1977–78
546:1910–11
533:1903–04
73:Parties
63:Methods
5893:Ageism
5615:online
4913:Tumblr
4888:Tumblr
4556:
4528:
4385:comics
4342:Legacy
3803:Hanson
3792:People
3494:Curfew
3487:in law
3406:Issues
3297:Ageism
3172:Strike
3132:, and
3073:strike
2986:Hotels
2928:) 2011
2826:) 1974
2824:police
2727:Actors
2559:
2347:Denver
2163:) 1937
2020:Hotels
1962:) 2011
1860:) 1974
1858:police
1761:Actors
1596:Pan Am
1335:Bisbee
1147:Kohler
1128:Boeing
1085:Kohler
1079:Boeing
1031:Kohler
982:Cigars
912:Brazil
876:Guinea
773:Sweden
756:) 1886
605:1922 (
362:) 1933
273:Oxnard
5750:Types
5588:. in
4684:(PDF)
4655:(PDF)
4176:World
4128:World
4069:World
4046:World
3828:Males
3808:Henry
3138:World
3083:World
2999:2020s
2916:2010s
2483:1800s
2033:2020s
1950:2010s
1419:1800s
1260:1800s
906:India
894:Spain
882:Egypt
870:2000s
863:Nepal
855:Spain
767:1900s
721:1800s
538:1910s
316:1930s
248:1800s
5523:2018
5497:2018
5471:2018
5445:2018
5419:2018
5393:2018
5368:2018
5342:2018
5316:2018
5291:2018
5266:2018
5240:2018
5211:2007
5185:2018
5159:2018
5133:2018
5102:2018
5060:2018
5029:2018
4998:2018
4972:2018
4946:2018
4920:2023
4895:2023
4870:2018
4839:2018
4813:2018
4787:2018
4740:2018
4696:2020
4667:2020
4638:2020
4591:2019
4565:2023
4554:ISSN
4526:ISBN
4178:and
4130:and
4071:and
4056:and
3838:Yaco
3823:Duff
3813:Holt
3256:Prez
3134:1889
3130:1887
3126:1886
3085:and
3055:and
3043:The
3031:2024
3025:2023
3019:2023
3013:2022
3007:2020
2994:2019
2988:2018
2952:2016
2946:2016
2940:2014
2911:2007
2905:2007
2899:2007
2893:2006
2887:2006
2881:2003
2875:2003
2869:2000
2863:1995
2857:1994
2851:1988
2845:1981
2832:1977
2814:1968
2808:1968
2802:1968
2796:1966
2790:1963
2784:1960
2778:1945
2772:1942
2766:1941
2760:1937
2754:1937
2748:1936
2735:1919
2729:1919
2721:1912
2715:1899
2647:1982
2634:1946
2628:1937
2622:1934
2616:1933
2603:1929
2597:1928
2591:1926
2585:1922
2573:1913
2567:1913
2561:1913
2546:1912
2540:1910
2534:1909
2528:1907
2515:1870
2509:1860
2503:1836
2497:1835
2491:1834
2429:2019
2423:2008
2417:2006
2411:2005
2405:1983
2392:1966
2386:1950
2380:1949
2374:1944
2368:1932
2355:1929
2349:1920
2343:1920
2337:1919
2331:1917
2325:1917
2319:1916
2313:1916
2307:1914
2301:1913
2295:1910
2289:1910
2283:1908
2277:1907
2271:1903
2265:1892
2259:1900
2200:2021
2194:1986
2181:1959
2175:1952
2169:1946
2146:1919
2138:1909
2132:1901
2124:1892
2065:2024
2059:2023
2053:2023
2047:2022
2041:2020
2028:2019
2022:2018
1986:2016
1980:2016
1974:2014
1945:2007
1939:2007
1933:2007
1927:2006
1921:2006
1915:2003
1909:2003
1903:2000
1897:1995
1891:1994
1885:1988
1879:1981
1866:1977
1848:1968
1842:1968
1836:1968
1830:1966
1824:1963
1818:1960
1812:1945
1806:1942
1800:1941
1794:1937
1788:1937
1782:1936
1769:1919
1763:1919
1755:1912
1749:1899
1688:2018
1682:1977
1676:1969
1670:1968
1664:1968
1610:2020
1604:1997
1598:1985
1592:1983
1586:1981
1573:1971
1567:1970
1565:USPS
1561:1946
1555:1936
1549:1935
1543:1938
1537:1934
1531:1934
1518:1922
1512:1922
1506:1919
1500:1919
1494:1916
1488:1911
1482:1907
1476:1905
1463:1894
1457:1892
1451:1892
1445:1888
1439:1886
1433:1882
1427:1877
1368:1978
1366:Inco
1362:1957
1356:1950
1343:1920
1337:1917
1319:1906
1296:1899
1282:1894
1276:1892
1268:1865
1055:Ford
925:2019
919:2017
908:2016
902:2012
896:2010
890:2009
884:2008
878:2007
865:1992
857:1988
851:1973
845:1971
839:1958
833:1956
827:1950
821:1946
815:1934
804:1920
798:1919
787:1918
781:1910
775:1909
762:1892
746:1877
735:1855
729:1835
648:1974
615:1927
599:1920
572:1914
552:1912
527:1902
503:1897
497:1894
486:1891
480:1873
419:2021
407:1970
393:1949
387:1946
374:1937
368:1935
348:1933
342:1933
336:1932
330:1931
324:1930
311:1928
305:1924
293:1913
287:1912
281:1912
275:1903
262:1891
256:1887
43:Date
4211:or
3652:Akt
2192:USX
1602:UPS
6113::
5566:.
5513:.
5487:.
5461:.
5435:.
5409:.
5384:.
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3128:,
2980:WV
2978:,
2976:OK
2974:,
2972:NC
2970:,
2966:,
2964:CO
2962:,
2960:AZ
2014:WV
2012:,
2010:OK
2008:,
2006:NC
2004:,
2000:,
1998:CO
1996:,
1994:AZ
589:,
562:,
517:,
513:,
358:,
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1401:e
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1387:v
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