Nihilism - Knowledge

1469:, or his notion that "knowledge" is always by someone of some thing: it is always bound by perspective, and it is never mere fact. Rather, there are interpretations through which we understand the world and give it meaning. Interpreting is something we can not go without; in fact, it is a condition of subjectivity. One way of interpreting the world is through morality, as one of the fundamental ways that people make sense of the world, especially in regard to their own thoughts and actions. Nietzsche distinguishes a morality that is strong or healthy, meaning that the person in question is aware that he constructs it himself, from weak morality, where the interpretation is projected on to something external. 1485:. In this sense, in constructing a world where objective knowledge is possible, Christianity is an antidote against a primal form of nihilism, against the despair of meaninglessness. However, it is exactly the element of truthfulness in Christian doctrine that is its undoing: in its drive towards truth, Christianity eventually finds itself to be a construct, which leads to its own dissolution. It is therefore that Nietzsche states that we have outgrown Christianity "not because we lived too far from it, rather because we lived too close." As such, the self-dissolution of Christianity constitutes yet another form of nihilism. Because Christianity was an interpretation that posited itself as 1732:. They began work on a new and complete edition of Nietzsche's collected works, making Nietzsche more accessible for scholarly research. Vattimo explains that with this new edition of Colli and Montinari, a critical reception of Heidegger's interpretation of Nietzsche began to take shape. Like other contemporary French and Italian philosophers, Vattimo does not want, or only partially wants, to rely on Heidegger for understanding Nietzsche. On the other hand, Vattimo judges Heidegger's intentions authentic enough to keep pursuing them. Philosophers who Vattimo exemplifies as a part of this back and forth movement are French philosophers 2065:, is the metaphysical position that objects with proper parts do not exist. This position applies to objects in space, and also to objects existing in time, which are posited to have no temporal parts. Rather, only basic building blocks without parts exist, and thus the world we see and experience, full of objects with parts, is a product of human misperception (i.e., if we could see clearly, we would not perceive compositive objects). This interpretation of existence must be based on resolution: The resolution with which humans see and perceive the "improper parts" of the world is not an 8725: 2562: 5240:"Heideggers, Aus-einander-setzung' mit Nietzsches hat mannigfache Resonanz gefunden. Das Verhältnis der beiden Philosophen zueinander ist dabei von unterschiedlichen Positionen aus diskutiert worden. Inzwischen ist es nicht mehr ungewöhnlich, daß Heidegger, entgegen seinem Anspruch auf, Verwindung' der Metaphysik und des ihr zugehörigen Nihilismus, in jenen Nihilismus zurückgestellt wird, als dessen Vollender er Nietzsche angesehen hat." 1256: 1078:, comments that he is "Determined above all things to fully realize Nirvana in this lifetime...deeply weary of the human condition and... determined not to be born again." To this, Ajahn Chah replies: "What about the rest of us, Sumedho? Don't you care about those who'll be left behind?" Ajahn Amaro comments that Ajahn Chah could detect that his student had a nihilistic aversion to life rather than true detachment. 1418: 1207:, generally argued against levelling and its nihilistic consequences, although he believed it would be "genuinely educative to live in the age of levelling people will be forced to face the judgement of alone." George Cotkin asserts Kierkegaard was against "the standardization and levelling of belief, both spiritual and political, in the nineteenth century," and that Kierkegaard "opposed tendencies in 1600:

destruction of the old values to wipe the slate clean and lay down one's own beliefs and interpretations, contrary to the passive nihilism that resigns itself with the decomposition of the old values. This willful destruction of values and the overcoming of the condition of nihilism by the constructing of new meaning, this active nihilism, could be related to what Nietzsche elsewhere calls a

8712: 2538: 1779:(1962). There, Deleuze repeatedly interprets Nietzsche's nihilism as "the enterprise of denying life and depreciating existence". Nihilism thus defined is therefore not the denial of higher values, or the denial of meaning, but rather the depreciation of life in the name of such higher values or meaning. Deleuze therefore (with, he claims, Nietzsche) says that Christianity and 2550: 1154: 1557:", whereby life turns away from itself, as there is nothing of value to be found in the world. This mowing away of all value in the world is characteristic of the nihilist, although in this, the nihilist appears inconsistent: this "will to nothingness" is still a form of valuation or willing. He describes this as "an inconsistency on the part of the nihilists": 2131:, refer to two approaches to nihilist thought; passive nihilism sees nihility as an end in itself, whereas active nihilism attempts to surpass it. For Nietzsche, passive nihilism further encapsulates the "will to nothing" and the modern condition of resignation or unawareness towards the dissolution of higher values brought about by the 19th century. 1910:

to appearances, and to dialectical reason, which was attached to meaning) is a nihilistic passion par excellence, it is the passion proper to the mode of disappearance. We are fascinated by all forms of disappearance, of our disappearance. Melancholic and fascinated, such is our general situation in an era of involuntary transparency.

5388:"Er (Vattimo) konstatiert, in vielen europäischen Philosophien eine Hin- und Herbewegung zwischen Heidegger und Nietzsche". Dabei denkt er, wie seine späteren Ausführungen zeigen, z.B. an Deleuze, Foucault und Derrida auf französischer Seite, an Cacciari, Severino und an sich selbst auf italienischer Seite.", Müller-Lauter, 1385:, which arose in response to Russian nihilism. "In contrast to the corrupted nihilists , who tried to numb their nihilistic sensitivity and forget themselves through self-indulgence, Dostoevsky's figures voluntarily leap into nihilism and try to be themselves within its boundaries.", writes contemporary scholar 1622:, the model of the strong individual who posits his own values and lives his life as if it were his own work of art. It may be questioned, though, whether "active nihilism" is indeed the correct term for this stance, and some question whether Nietzsche takes the problems nihilism poses seriously enough. 2081:

can get lost on a large cylindrical object because the circumference of the object is so large with respect to the ant that the ant effectively feels as though the object has no curvature. Thus, the resolution with which the ant views the world it exists "within" is an important determining factor in

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identifies Nietzsche's concept of nihilism with a situation of meaninglessness, in which "everything is permitted." According to him, the loss of higher metaphysical values that exist in contrast to the base reality of the world, or merely human ideas, gives rise to the idea that all human ideas are

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Though philosophically both nihilistic and skeptical, Russian nihilism did not unilaterally negate ethics and knowledge as may be assumed, nor did it espouse meaninglessness unequivocally. Even so, contemporary scholarship has challenged the equating of Russian nihilism with mere skepticism, instead

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Levelling at its maximum is like the stillness of death, where one can hear one's own heartbeat, a stillness like death, into which nothing can penetrate, in which everything sinks, powerless. One person can head a rebellion, but one person cannot head this levelling process, for that would make him

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To all four questions, the Buddha answers that the terms "reappears somewhere else," "does not reappear," "both does and does not reappear," and "neither does nor does not reappear," do not apply. When Vaccha expresses puzzlement, the Buddha asks Vaccha a counter question to the effect of: if a fire

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These nihilists were not skeptics but passionate advocates of negation and liberation."; "While the two leading nihilist groups disagreed on details, they both sought to liberate the Promethean might of the Russian people"; "The nihilists believed that the prototypes of this new Promethean humanity

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This tendency toward devaluation of art has led many to claim that Dada was an essentially nihilistic movement. Given that Dada created its own means for interpreting its products, it is difficult to classify alongside most other contemporary art expressions. Due to perceived ambiguity, it has been

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values as personal or cultural moralities. It may also differ from other moral positions within nihilism that, rather than argue there is no morality, hold that if it does exist, it is a human construction and thus artificial, wherein any and all meaning is relative for different possible outcomes.

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is finished, today it is the precession of the neutral, of forms of the neutral and of indifference ... all that remains, is the fascination for desertlike and indifferent forms, for the very operation of the system that annihilates us. Now, fascination (in contrast to seduction, which was attached

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describes Nietzsche's characterization of nihilism as "a condition of tension, as a disproportion between what we want to value (or need) and how the world appears to operate." When we find out that the world does not possess the objective value or meaning that we want it to have or have long since

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causes suffering. Nonetheless, his critics called him a nihilist who teaches the annihilation and extermination of an existing being. The Buddha's response was that he only teaches the cessation of suffering. When an individual has given up craving and the conceit of 'I am' their mind is liberated,

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is perhaps most commonly labeled nihilistic, did not himself make the nihilistic move that others have claimed. Derridean deconstructionists argue that this approach rather frees texts, individuals or organizations from a restrictive truth, and that deconstruction opens up the possibility of other

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In the 20th century, nihilism encompassed a variety of philosophical and aesthetic stances that, in one sense or another, denied the existence of genuine moral truths or values, rejected the possibility of knowledge or communication, and asserted the ultimate meaninglessness or purposelessness of

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This nihilist movement was essentially Promethean."; "It has often been argued that Russian nihilism is little more than skepticism or empiricism. While there is a certain plausibility to this assertion, it ultimately fails to capture the millenarian zeal the characterized Russian nihilism. These

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For deconstructionists, not only is there no truth to know, there is no self to know it and so there is no soul to save or lose." and "In following the Enlightenment to its logical end, deconstruction reaches nihilism. The meaning of human life is reduced to whatever happens to interest us at the

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develops existential nihilistic tendencies near the middle of the film. As he lives the same day an unspoken countless number of times he slips into a depression and attempts to take his own life in a variety of different ways. He will also resort to kidnapping Punxsutawney Phil, the groundhog to

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With regard to Nietzsche's development of thought, it has been noted in research that although he dealt with "nihilistic" themes from 1869 onwards ("pessimism, with nirvana and with nothingness and non-being"), a conceptual use of nihilism occurred for the first time in handwritten notes in the

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therefore valueless. Rejecting idealism thus results in nihilism, because only similarly transcendent ideals live up to the previous standards that the nihilist still implicitly holds. The inability for Christianity to serve as a source of valuating the world is reflected in Nietzsche's famous

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In Russian literature, nihilism was probably first used by N.I. Nadezhdin, in an 1829 article in the Messenger of Europe, in which he applied it to Aleksandr Pushkin. Nadezhdin, as did V.V. Bervi in 1858, equated nihilism with skepticism. Mikhail Nikiforovich Katkov, a well-known conservative

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stop after the destruction of all value and meaning and succumb to the following nothingness. This alternate, 'active' nihilism on the other hand destroys to level the field for constructing something new. This form of nihilism is characterized by Nietzsche as "a sign of strength," a willful

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9.127-128). This was the time of a then popular scientific work that reconstructed the so-called "Russian nihilism" on the basis of Russian newspaper reports on nihilistic incidents (N. Karlowitsch: Die Entwicklung des Nihilismus. Berlin 1880). This collection of material, published in three

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nihilism research faded. As early as the 1930s, Heidegger was giving lectures on Nietzsche's thought. Given the importance of Nietzsche's contribution to the topic of nihilism, Heidegger's influential interpretation of Nietzsche is important for the historical development of the term

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that came before them, as well as its manifestation in the view that negation and value-destruction were most necessary to the present conditions. The movement very soon adopted the name, despite the novel's initial harsh reception among both the conservatives and younger generation.

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to be, and of the world as it ought to be that it does not exist. According to this view, our existence (action, suffering, willing, feeling) has no meaning: the pathos of 'in vain' is the nihilists' pathos – at the same time, as pathos, an inconsistency on the part of the

5316:"Heidegger geht davon aus, daß Nietzsche den Nihilismus als Entwertung der bisherigen obersten Werte versteht; seine Überwindung soll durch die Umwertung der Werte erfolgen. Das Prinzip der Umwertung wie auch jeder früheren Wertsetzung ist der Wille zur Macht.", Müller-Lauter, 1587:

Nietzsche's relation to the problem of nihilism is a complex one. He approaches the problem of nihilism as deeply personal, stating that this predicament of the modern world is a problem that has "become conscious" in him. According to Nietzsche, it is only when nihilism is

834:", who do "not take any principle on faith, whatever reverence that principle may be enshrined in", and who regard "at the present time, negation is the most useful of all". Despite Turgenev's own anti-nihilistic leanings, many of his readers likewise took up the name of 475: 'nothing') is a philosophical approach that rejects the absolute validity of commonly accepted or fundamental aspects of human existence, such as knowledge, morality, or meaning, while not directing towards any specific conclusion, such as the rejection of values. 1834:

and to philosophies outside of the canon of western texts. Derrida himself built a philosophy based upon a 'responsibility to the other'. Deconstruction can thus be seen not as a denial of truth, but as a denial of our ability to know truth. That is to say, it makes an

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The "fathers" of the novel are full of humanitarian, progressive sentiments ... But to the "sons," typified by the brusque scientifically minded Bazarov, the "fathers" were concerned too much with generalities, not enough with the specific material evils of the

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Nietzsche discusses Christianity, one of the major topics in his work, at length in the context of the problem of nihilism in his notebooks, in a chapter entitled "European Nihilism." Here he states that the Christian moral doctrine provides people with

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elaborates on the classification problem around the words 'reappear,' etc. with respect to the Buddha and Nirvana by stating that a "Person who has attained the goal is thus indescribable because abandoned all things by which could be described." The

2312:, displays both moral and existential nihilism. Throughout the film, Bateman does not shy away from murder or torture to accomplish his goals. As he realizes the evil in his deeds he tries to confess and take on the punishment for his acts of crime. 1996:, existential nihilism posits that a single human or even the entire human species is insignificant, without purpose, and unlikely to change in the totality of existence. The meaninglessness of life is largely explored in the philosophical school of 2277:. The phrase "what does it matter" or variants of this are often spoken by several characters in response to events; the significance of some of these events suggests a subscription to nihilism by said characters as a type of coping strategy. 1431:, who provided a detailed diagnosis of nihilism as a widespread phenomenon of Western culture. Though the notion appears frequently throughout Nietzsche's work, he uses the term in a variety of ways, with different meanings and connotations. 1232:

age" of 19th-century Europe. Kierkegaard argues that individuals who can overcome the levelling process are stronger for it, and that it represents a step in the right direction towards "becoming a true self." As we must overcome levelling,

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and that it provides no foundation for human aims and principles. Particularly, it may regard the cosmos as distinctly hostile or indifferent to humanity. It is often related to both epistemological and existential nihilism, as well as

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records a conversation between the Buddha and an individual named Vaccha that further elaborates on this. In the sutta, Vaccha asks the Buddha to confirm one of the following, with respect to the existence of the Buddha after death:

2348:" in which she will destroy herself and the rest of the multiverse. Her mother Evelyn is briefly persuaded by her logic but then refutes it in favor of a more positive outlook based on the value of human relationships and choice. 1454:, nihilism is in fact characteristic of the modern age, though he implies that the rise of nihilism is still incomplete and that it has yet to be overcome. Though the problem of nihilism becomes especially explicit in Nietzsche's 1775:'s interpretation of Nietzsche's concept of nihilism is different—in some sense diametrically opposed—to the usual definition (as outlined in the rest of this article). Nihilism is one of the main topics of Deleuze's early book 1074:, who in his early years took a nihilistic approach to Nirvana. A distinct feature of Nirvana in Buddhism is that an individual attaining it is no longer subject to rebirth. Ajahn Sumedho, during a conversation with his teacher 1709:. Many references to Jünger can be found in Heidegger's lectures on Nietzsche. For example, in a letter to the rector of Freiburg University of November 4, 1945, Heidegger, inspired by Jünger, tries to explain the notion of " 1054:

were to go out and someone were to ask you whether the fire went north, south, east or west, how would you reply? Vaccha replies that the question does not apply and that an extinguished fire can only be classified as 'out'.

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The philosophy of nihilism then began to be associated erroneously with the regicide of Alexander II (1881) and the political terror that was employed by those active at the time in clandestine organizations opposed to

1664:(1944–46), Heidegger tries to understand Nietzsche's nihilism as trying to achieve a victory through the devaluation of the, until then, highest values. The principle of this devaluation is, according to Heidegger, the 2340:, the lead antagonist, Jobu Tupaki, comes to an existential nihilistic conclusion that the infinite chaos of the multiverse means that there is no reason to continue to exist. She manifests her nihilism by creating a 959:

The Buddha further states that those who hold these views will fail to see the virtue in good mental, verbal, and bodily conduct and the corresponding dangers in misconduct, and will therefore tend towards the latter.

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truth or method to prove their claims, philosophers legitimize their truths by reference to a story about the world that can not be separated from the age and system the stories belong to—referred to by Lyotard as

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themselves describe the liberated mind as 'untraceable' or as 'consciousness without feature', making no distinction between the mind of a liberated being that is alive and the mind of one that is no longer alive.

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He thought of the age in which he lived as one of passive nihilism, that is, as an age that was not yet aware that religious and philosophical absolutes had dissolved in the emergence of 19th-century positivism.

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Nihilism and anarchism, which for a while would completely dominate the intelligentsia and become a major factor in the history of nineteenth-century Russia, emerged in the final years of the reign of Alexander

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states, "denied the existence of genuine moral truths or values, rejected the possibility of knowledge or communication, and asserted the ultimate meaninglessness or purposelessness of life or of the universe".

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have tried to define nihilism through extreme outcomes, such interpretations reflect not nihilism itself, but rather the perspectives of those who oppose it. In this context, definitions by philosophers such as

1901:. He stuck mainly to topics of interpretations of the real world over the simulations of which the real world is composed. The uses of meaning were an important subject in Baudrillard's discussion of nihilism: 6061:(1799/1816), German Text (1799/1816), Appendix with Jacobi's and Fichte's complementary Texts, critical Apparatus, Commentary, and Italian Translation, Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Filosofici, Naples 2011, 5765:

Political nihilism calls for the complete destruction of existing political institutions, along with their supporting outlooks and social structures, but has no positive message of what should be put in their

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Despite the Buddha's explanations to the contrary, Buddhist practitioners may, at times, still approach Buddhism in a nihilistic manner. Ajahn Amaro illustrates this by retelling the story of a Buddhist monk,

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as falling into nihilism. According to Jacobi, Fichte's absolutization of the ego (the 'absolute I' that posits the 'not-I') is an inflation of subjectivity that denies the absolute transcendence of God.

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within it describe a multiplicity of views held by different sects of ascetics while the Buddha was alive, some of which were viewed by him to be morally nihilistic. In the "Doctrine of Nihilism" in the

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a leader and he would avoid being levelled. Each individual can in his little circle participate in this levelling, but it is an abstract process, and levelling is abstraction conquering individuality.

752: 5282:"Indem Heidegger das von Nietzsche Ungesagte im Hinblick auf die Seinsfrage zur Sprache zu bringen sucht, wird das von Nietzsche Gesagte in ein diesem selber fremdes Licht gerückt.", Müller-Lauter, 5583: 4576:

Nihilism, (from Latin nihil, "nothing"), originally a philosophy of moral and epistemological skepticism that arose in 19th-century Russia during the early years of the reign of Tsar Alexander II.

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Nihilism, (from Latin nihil, "nothing"), originally a philosophy of moral and epistemological skepticism that arose in 19th-century Russia during the early years of the reign of Tsar Alexander II.

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Nihilism is the belief that all values are baseless and that nothing can be known or communicated. It is often associated with extreme pessimism and a radical skepticism that condemns existence.

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have based their 'truths': absolute knowledge and meaning, a 'decentralization' of authorship, the accumulation of positive knowledge, historical progress, and certain ideals and practices of

1702:), it is a history about the destruction of Being. That is why Heidegger calls metaphysics nihilistic. This makes Nietzsche's metaphysics not a victory over nihilism, but a perfection of it. 5471:

Spivak, Chakravorty Gayatri; 1988; Can The Subaltern Speak?; in Nelson, Cary and Grossberg, Lawrence (eds); 1988; Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture; Macmillan Education, Basingstoke.

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For it was Bazarov who had first declared himself to be a "Nihilist" and who announced that, "since at the present time, negation is the most useful of all," the Nihilists "deny—everything."

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For it was Bazarov who had first declared himself to be a "Nihilist" and who announced that, "since at the present time, negation is the most useful of all," the Nihilists "deny—everything."

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movement. As passionate advocates of negation, the nihilists sought to liberate the Promethean might of the Russian people which they saw embodied in a class of prototypal individuals, or

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did not imply, as one might expect from a purely semantic viewpoint, a universal "negation" of ethical normativity, the foundations of knowledge or the meaningfulness of human existence.

1181:. He saw leveling as the process of suppressing individuality to a point where an individual's uniqueness becomes non-existent and nothing meaningful in one's existence can be affirmed: 8755: 2358:'Nihility' is a playable path, presided by the Aeon IX, on which characters who believe that ultimate fate of the multiverse is nothingness, and therefore, worthless, walk on. 2221:

in 1916. The movement, which lasted from approximately 1916 to 1923, arose during World War I, an event that influenced the artists. The Dada Movement began in the old town of

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An alternative scholarly perspective is that moral nihilism is a morality in itself. Cooper writes, "In the widest sense of the word 'morality', moral nihilism is a morality".

4627:(an 1840s man), used the term to describe "the children", the new generation of students and intellectuals who, by virtue of their relation to their fathers, were considered 3963: 1403:, provides a principle whose sincerity they try to live out to the end. They search for and experiment with ways for the self to justify itself after God has disappeared." 1724:

points at a back-and-forth movement in European thought, between Nietzsche and Heidegger. During the 1960s, a Nietzschean 'renaissance' began, culminating in the work of

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The major theorists of Russian Nihilism were Nikolai Chernyshevskii and Dmitrii Pisarev, although their authority and influence extended well beyond the realm of theory.

3276:: Existential nihilism is "the notion that life has no intrinsic meaning or value, and it is, no doubt, the most commonly used and understood sense of the word today." 2709:

As its name implies (from Latin nihil, 'nothing'), philosophical nihilism is a philosophy of negation, rejection, or denial of some or all aspects of thought or life.

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As its name implies (from Latin nihil, 'nothing'), philosophical nihilism is a philosophy of negation, rejection, or denial of some or all aspects of thought or life.

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as emptying the world and especially human existence of meaning, purpose, comprehensible truth, or essential value. This observation stems in part from Nietzsche's

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Early examples of the term's use are found in German publications. In 1733, German writer Friedrich Leberecht Goetz used it as a literary term in combination with

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in order to legitimize our claims which rely on changing relationships and mutable truths, none of which is privileged over the other to speak to ultimate truth.

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In Russia, nihilism became identified with a loosely organized revolutionary movement (C.1860-1917) that rejected the authority of the state, church, and family.

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by meta-narratives. This concept of the instability of truth and meaning leads in the direction of nihilism, though Lyotard stops short of embracing the latter.

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of values. How does this devaluation occur and why is this nihilistic? One of Heidegger's main critiques on philosophy is that philosophy, and more specifically

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A nihilist is a man who does not bow down before any authority, who does not take any principle on faith, whatever reverence that principle may be enshrined in.

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Scholars of nihilism may regard it as merely a label that has been applied to various separate philosophies, or as a distinct historical concept arising out of

1713:" as the "reality of the Will to Power." Heidegger also praises Jünger for defending Nietzsche against a too biological or anthropological reading during the 881:

have stated that nihilism must necessarily be understood in relation to religion, and that the study of core elements of its character requires fundamentally

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Dent, G., Wallace, M., & Dia Center for the Arts. (1992). "Black popular culture" (Discussions in contemporary culture ; no. 8). Seattle: Bay Press.

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Originally a philosophy of moral and epistemological skepticism that arose in 19th-century Russia during the early years of the reign of Tsar Alexander II.

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The intellectual origins of the Russian nihilist movement can be traced back to 1855 and perhaps earlier, where it was principally a philosophy of extreme

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according to which all rationalism (philosophy as criticism) reduces to nihilism—and thus it should be avoided and replaced with a return to some type of

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that a culture can have a true foundation upon which to thrive. He wished to hasten its coming only so that he could also hasten its ultimate departure.

2265:, whose hero, Bazarov, was a nihilist and recruited several followers to the philosophy. He found his nihilistic ways challenged upon falling in love. 356: 3210: 2292:

The frequently self-destructive and amoral tendencies of a nihilistic worldview can be seen in many of today's media, including movies and TV shows.

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Nachweis aus Nicolai Karlowitsch, Die Entwickelung des Nihilismus (1880) und aus Das Ausland (1880). In: Nietzsche-Studien, Vol. 51. 2022, p. 330–333

2000:, where one can create their own subjective meaning or purpose. In popular use, "nihilism" now most commonly refers to forms of existential nihilism. 5971: 3508:

journalist who interpreted nihilism as synonymous with revolution, presented it as a social menace because of its negation of all moral principles.

3452: 775:, namely the negation of Christianity and European tradition in general. Nihilism first entered philosophical study within a discourse surrounding 520:

are baseless, that life is meaningless, that knowledge is impossible, or that some set of entities does not exist or is meaningless or pointless.

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At the novel's first appearance, the radical younger generation attacked it bitterly as a slander, and conservatives condemned it as too lenient

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When he returned to Saint Petersburg in 1862 on the same day that young radicals—calling themselves "nihilists"—were setting fire to buildings.

3926: 547:. Earlier forms of nihilism, however, may be more selective in negating specific hegemonies of social, moral, political and aesthetic thought. 1458:(published posthumously), it is mentioned repeatedly in his published works and is closely connected to many of the problems mentioned there. 2331:, believes that life has no meaning because that human nature is intrinsically evil, and that deep down, people care only about themselves. 854:'s disintegration of traditional morality. For Nietzsche, nihilism applied to both the modern trends of value-destruction expressed in the ' 4070: 1595:

He states that there is at least the possibility of another type of nihilist in the wake of Christianity's self-dissolution, one that does

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explored and expressed. Therefore, there is no arguable way to surmise or measure the validity of mereological nihilism. For example, an

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The first philosophical development of the idea of nihilism is generally ascribed to Friedrich Jacobi, who in a famous letter criticized

5822: 7509: 1553:, advocates separating oneself from will and desires in order to reduce suffering. Nietzsche characterizes this attitude as a "will to 4529:

Russian Nihilism is perhaps best regarded as the intellectual pool of the period 1855–66 out of which later radical movements emerged.

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There is no one in the world who, through direct knowledge, can confirm that beings are reborn into this world or into another world.

2045:. However, despite the fact that both views deny the certainty of objects' true existence, the nihilist would deny the existence of 715:, which respectively represented the two major currents of discourse on nihilism prior to the 20th century. The term likely entered 5604: 6437: 5455: 1649:

Heidegger's method of researching and teaching Nietzsche is explicitly his own. He does not specifically try to present Nietzsche

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would be destroyed if they followed it. He describes this as an anxiety caused by the false belief in an unchanging, everlasting

830:, leading many scholars to believe he coined the term. The nihilist characters of the novel define themselves as those who "deny 1929:

From the 19th century, nihilism has encompassed a range of positions within various fields of philosophy. Each of these, as the

8424: 6211: 6488: 6136: 6119: 6102: 6066: 5805: 5633: 5577: 5424: 3699: 2934: 2631: 1518:-dissolution of Christian doctrine: due to the advances of the sciences, which for Nietzsche show that man is the product of 820:

From the time of Jacobi, the term almost fell completely out of use throughout Europe until it was revived by Russian author

543:'crisis of nihilism', from which derive the two central concepts: the destruction of higher values and the opposition to the 3649:

The term was famously used by Friedrich Nietzsche to describe the disintegration of traditional morality in Western society.

3250: 2799: 2719: 2016:, or that, even if there exist possible worlds that contain some concrete objects, there is at least one that contains only 1447:

believed it to have, we find ourselves in a crisis. Nietzsche asserts that with the decline of Christianity and the rise of

1002:, indicating that nirvana is not a thing you can find, but rather a state where you experience the reality of non-grasping. 588:

represent nihilism by a negation of religious principles. Nihilism has, however, been widely ascribed to both religious and

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Davis, Bret W. 2004. "Zen After Zarathustra: The Problem of the Will in the Confrontation Between Nietzsche and Buddhism."

3842: 1972:

does not exist, or, if it does exist, it is unattainable for human beings. It should not be confused with epistemological

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thinkers who investigated the problem of nihilism as put forward by Nietzsche. Only recently has Heidegger's influence on

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philosophies, notably appearing in the writings of Swiss esotericist Jacob Hermann Obereit in 1787 and German philosopher

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in their own words. These individuals, according to Pisarev, in freeing themselves from all authority become exempt from

9606: 5720: 9271: 8909: 6993: 5092: 4178: 3677: 1692:). According to Heidegger, the history of Western thought can be seen as the history of metaphysics. Moreover, because 389: 264: 8050: 5484: 4986:"'Strike out, right and left!': a conceptual-historical analysis of 1860s Russian nihilism and its notion of negation" 4906:"'Strike out, right and left!': a conceptual-historical analysis of 1860s Russian nihilism and its notion of negation" 4801:"'Strike out, right and left!': a conceptual-historical analysis of 1860s Russian nihilism and its notion of negation" 4593:"'Strike out, right and left!': a conceptual-historical analysis of 1860s Russian nihilism and its notion of negation" 4387:"'Strike out, right and left!': a conceptual-historical analysis of 1860s Russian nihilism and its notion of negation" 3601:"'Strike out, right and left!': a conceptual-historical analysis of 1860s Russian nihilism and its notion of negation" 3002:"'Strike out, right and left!': a conceptual-historical analysis of 1860s Russian nihilism and its notion of negation" 2108:

exists whatsoever; therefore, no action is ever morally preferable to any other. Moral nihilism is distinct from both

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concerns the inevitable conflict between generations and between the values of traditionalists and intellectuals.

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editions, was not only known to a broad German readership, but its influence on Nietzsche can also be proven.

9759: 9264: 7237: 6822: 6165: 4230: 1830:, for example, uses deconstruction to create an ethics of opening up Western scholarship to the voice of the 1579: 1195: 9688: 9287: 8642: 8547: 8195: 6912: 5227: 4750: 4102: 4030: 3218: 3127: 2193:

regarding the effectiveness of a medical intervention, we ought to have low confidence in that hypothesis."

2137:

is the position holding no political goals whatsoever, except for the complete destruction of all existing

1952: 6353: 9754: 9663: 8446: 8160: 6789: 6110: 4130: 3483: 2762: 1831: 1421: 1348: 1270:

was both a nascent form of nihilist philosophy and broad cultural movement which overlapped with certain

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Even so, the term nihilism did not become popular until Turgenev published F&C in 1862. Turgenev, a

3460: 1278:. Russian nihilism centered on the dissolution of existing values and ideals, incorporating theories of 8998: 8313: 7982: 7288: 7064: 6652: 6633: 6094: 5194: 4960: 4705: 3557: 2528: 1827: 1378: 1326: 1212: 1211:

to reduce the individual to a cipher of conformity and deference to the dominant opinion." In his day,

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can sound like nihilism. However, the word could be emphasized in a different way, so that it becomes

9105: 8872: 8519: 6731: 6721: 6305: 6054: 5029:. Translated by Graham Parkes; with Setsuko Aihara. State University of New York Press. p. 132. 4183: 3890: 3369: 2503: 2149:, it may differ in that it presents no method of social organisation after a negation of the current 1397: 1250: 1091: 839: 784: 182: 58: 27: 20: 6426: 5241: 3915: 1653:

Nietzsche. He rather tries to incorporate Nietzsche's thoughts into his own philosophical system of

1057: 8925: 8820: 8748: 8622: 8185: 7435: 7275: 7272: 6998: 6832: 6817: 5782: 3093: 2261: 2066: 1989: 1964: 1897: 1855: 1482: 1339: 826: 600: 509: 364: 122: 5569: 1851: 1757: 9551: 9235: 9230: 8815: 8200: 8141: 8094: 7952: 7915: 7283: 7198: 7188: 7112: 6978: 6950: 5561: 5329:"What remains unquestioned and forgotten in metaphysics is being; and hence, it is nihilistic.", 4244: 3374: 2478: 2428: 2128: 1720:

Heidegger's interpretation of Nietzsche influenced a number of important postmodernist thinkers.

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in 1799. As early as 1824, the term began to take on a social connotation with German journalist

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The Other of Derridean Deconstruction: Levinas, Phenomenology and the Question of Responsibility

4060: 3056: 1009:, the Buddha describes how some individuals feared his teaching because they believe that their 232: 9708: 9410: 8333: 8265: 7345: 7183: 6761: 6736: 6726: 6114:, ed. and trans. Howard V. Hong, and Edna H. Hong, Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press. 3990: 2309: 2117: 2041:

that denies all existence". A similar skepticism concerning the concrete world can be found in

1612: 1031: 867: 382: 339: 6602: 6131:, ed. and trans. Howard V. Hong and Edna H. Hong, Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press. 5623: 9599: 9345: 9240: 9210: 9012: 8945: 8940: 8889: 8570: 8509: 8489: 8323: 8235: 8215: 8205: 7838: 7687: 7320: 7252: 7160: 7127: 6955: 6935: 6741: 6231: 5165: 3382: 2413: 2189:

to medical research and argues for the premise that "Even when presented with evidence for a

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and Jane Rubin argue that Kierkegaard's interest, "in an increasingly nihilistic age, is in

9556: 9362: 9335: 9200: 8975: 8960: 8930: 8587: 8542: 8504: 8451: 8380: 8136: 7932: 7843: 7666: 7636: 7377: 6905: 6751: 6746: 4676:

Russian Philosophy Volume II: The Nihilists, The Populists, Critics of Religion and Culture

3796: 3747: 2317: 2273: 2170: 2161: 2074: 1980: 1104: 878: 604: 596: 192: 9115: 6589: 6518: 6086: 5972:"A Journey into the Realm of Human Destructiveness in Bret Easton Ellis's American Psycho" 1172: 1162: 788: 324: 8: 9668: 9405: 9350: 9125: 9017: 8980: 8970: 8904: 8728: 8683: 8673: 8632: 8580: 8565: 8494: 8474: 8456: 8288: 8255: 8116: 8103: 7910: 7707: 7618: 7573: 7479: 7365: 7178: 7026: 6142: 4082: 4046: 4012: 2473: 2443: 2214: 2178: 2150: 2142: 2049:, whereas the solipsist would affirm it. Both of these positions are considered forms of 1546: 1428: 1275: 870:

more broadly, while the influence of nihilism in Russia arguably continued well into the

847: 565: 544: 479: 329: 252: 7440: 5608: 4539:. Translated by Graham Parkes; with Setsuko Aihara. State University of New York Press. 1514:. The death of God, in particular the statement that "we killed him", is similar to the 9723: 9355: 9330: 9320: 9315: 9303: 9095: 9037: 9022: 8965: 8678: 8647: 8627: 8575: 8557: 8532: 8527: 8479: 8466: 8433: 8328: 8230: 8165: 8121: 8065: 7905: 7734: 7628: 7536: 7340: 7219: 7210: 7173: 7168: 7074: 7069: 7046: 6965: 6779: 6706: 6048: 5702: 5452: 5007: 4927: 4822: 4614: 4445: 4408: 4066: 4026: 3996: 3824: 3775: 3735: 3622: 3115: 3023: 2882: 2835: 2493: 2488: 2448: 1531: 1204: 708: 304: 4097: 3286: 1753: 9749: 9435: 9325: 9298: 9085: 9055: 8716: 8617: 8612: 8597: 8537: 8499: 8484: 8441: 8012: 7972: 7890: 7818: 7801: 7779: 7407: 7382: 7193: 7013: 6756: 6503: 6484: 6462: 6324: 6200: 6196: 6192: 6173: 6132: 6115: 6098: 6062: 5801: 5754: 5629: 5573: 5536: 5420: 5030: 5011: 4964: 4953: 4931: 4886: 4854: 4826: 4735: 4709: 4698: 4656: 4618: 4540: 4518: 4479: 4412: 4334: 3739: 3695: 3626: 3561: 3550: 3525: 3437: 3409: 3265: 3170: 3110: 3052: 3027: 2986: 2958: 2930: 2911: 2814: 2698: 2627: 2599: 2554: 2542: 2468: 2353: 2327: 2299: 2186: 2046: 1807: 1795: 1764:

are also philosophers who are influenced by Heidegger's interpretation of Nietzsche.

1749: 1725: 1382: 863: 810: 764: 712: 607:, or purpose. Other prominent positions within nihilism include the rejection of all 569: 375: 309: 53: 5052:

Nietzsches Philosophie des europäischen Nihilismus, Berlin / New York 1992, p. 10-14

1870:

as characterized by a rejection both of these meta-narratives and of the process of

817:. In Russian journalism the word continued to have significant social connotations. 9631: 9621: 9594: 9563: 9457: 9420: 9160: 9140: 9100: 9060: 8668: 8602: 8592: 8293: 8240: 8190: 8170: 8131: 8126: 7967: 7895: 7613: 7524: 7415: 7387: 7372: 7335: 7041: 7021: 6988: 6893: 6855: 6072: 6011: 5746: 5698: 5694: 5565: 5528: 5303:(1939-46). Translated as "The Eternal Recurrence of the Same" by David F. Krell in 5269:(1939-46). Translated as "The Eternal Recurrence of the Same" by David F. Krell in 4997: 4917: 4812: 4604: 4510: 4471: 4437: 4398: 4326: 3816: 3767: 3727: 3612: 3401: 3315: 3088: 3072: 3013: 2874: 2690: 2664: 2638:

Nietzsche calls the enterprise of denying life and depreciating existence nihilism.

2591: 2345: 2182: 2109: 1892: 1745: 1630: 1322: 1279: 1267: 802: 792: 716: 573: 484: 410: 344: 319: 289: 212: 9728: 9626: 9385: 9145: 9130: 9027: 9007: 8955: 8374: 8343: 8308: 8273: 8151: 8002: 7900: 7858: 7769: 7757: 7742: 7717: 7692: 7462: 7330: 7325: 7242: 7227: 6900: 6784: 6550: 6228:

Philosophy in a Meaningless Life: A System of Nihilism, Consciousness and Reality

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The Connected Discourses of the Buddha: A New Translation of the Samyutta Nikkaya

3122: 2865:

ter Borg, Meerten B. (1988). "The Problem of Nihilism: A Sociological Approach".

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which he credits his looping days, and drives off a cliff, killing both of them.

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tendencies of the era, for which it was often wrongly characterized as a form of

862:. Under Nietzsche's profound influence, the term was then further treated within 756: 735: 690: 636: 500: 314: 299: 284: 222: 9110: 7514: 6641:

discussion with Rob Hopkins, Raymond Tallis and Catherine Belsey (Nov. 16, 2000)

5988: 5661:"Solipsism and the Problem of Other Minds - Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy" 4866:

nihilists were not skeptics but passionate advocates of negation and liberation.

2668: 1706: 1654: 1357: 1017:. All things are subject to change and taking any impermanent phenomena to be a 952:

After death, beings are not reborn into the present world or into another world;

791:

attributing it to a negation of existing social and political institutions. The

568:. Nihilism has also been described as conspicuous in or constitutive of certain 9514: 9494: 9489: 9477: 9220: 9080: 9065: 9032: 8950: 8935: 8283: 8278: 8146: 8111: 8043: 8017: 7853: 7702: 7641: 7554: 7397: 7293: 7036: 6716: 6288:

Genealogy of Nihilism: Philosophies of Nothing & the Difference of Theology

5002: 4985: 4922: 4905: 4817: 4800: 4609: 4592: 4403: 4386: 4169: 3617: 3600: 3405: 3018: 3001: 2453: 2423: 2088: 2013: 1997: 1822: 1772: 1733: 1721: 1315: 1303: 1234: 1062: 983: 979: 899: 517: 488: 464: 187: 102: 7724: 7499: 6578: 6474:

Nihilism and the Sublime Postmodern: The (Hi)Story of a Difficult Relationship

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Shows About Nothing: Nihilism in Popular Culture from The Exorcist to Seinfeld

3731: 3060: 2656: 9743: 9698: 9658: 9546: 9450: 9372: 9245: 9170: 9135: 8825: 8338: 8250: 8180: 7922: 7712: 7646: 7603: 7472: 7097: 6883: 6865: 6616: 6584: 6217: 6188: 6169: 6152: 6127: 5157: 4637: 4270: 3894: 3871: 3669: 3162: 2626:. Translated by Tomlinson, Hugh. London: The Athlone Press (published 1983). 2483: 2393: 2388: 2268: 2256: 2243: 2218: 1879: 1867: 1861: 1761: 1729: 1665: 1634: 1534:, the Christian notion of God can no longer serve as a basis for a morality. 1500: 1466: 1443: 1344: 1334: 1271: 1071: 911: 851: 821: 577: 561: 504: 334: 127: 6628: 5501: 5100: 4784: 4650:(1862), who popularized the term through the figure of Bazarov the nihilist. 4567: 4360: 4290: 4031:"'This fire that has gone out... in which direction from here has it gone?'" 3640: 3498: 3478: 3341: 2757: 2740: 1606: 1099: 689:

emerged in several places in Europe during the 18th century, notably in the

470: 9445: 9430: 9425: 9205: 9070: 8830: 8369: 8359: 8318: 8298: 8070: 8033: 7992: 7878: 7828: 7489: 7467: 7445: 7392: 7360: 7232: 7092: 7003: 6799: 6313: 6040: 5491:; Minerva - An Internet Journal of Philosophy 5: 31–62. Retrieved 05-12-07. 5481: 3154: 2514: 2418: 2398: 2234: 2153:

has taken place. An analysis of political nihilism is further presented by

2113: 2050: 1871: 1714: 1343:

to describe the disillusionment of the younger generation towards both the

1307: 1225: 1208: 859: 855: 780: 632: 536: 294: 132: 6543: 4174:"Kierkegaard on the Internet: Anonymity vs. Commitment in the Present Age" 3432:

Klemme, Heiner F.; Kuehn, Manfred, eds. (2010). "Obereit, Jacob Hermann".

9653: 9616: 9611: 9541: 9462: 9440: 9390: 9367: 9225: 9155: 9150: 9075: 8879: 8800: 8795: 8785: 8364: 8303: 8175: 8155: 8060: 7997: 7957: 7937: 7863: 7833: 7494: 7430: 7122: 7107: 6983: 6973: 6922: 6888: 6827: 6638: 6146: 5777: 3134: 2458: 2378: 2154: 2097: 1973: 1840: 1710: 1693: 1673: 1523: 1299: 1287: 1095: 987: 975: 882: 700: 682: 589: 584:

and religious figures have stated that postmodernity and many aspects of

540: 197: 97: 82: 6306:

Kierkegaard on the Internet: Anonymity vs. Commitment in the Present Age

4345:

Nihilism was a broad social and cultural movement as well as a doctrine.

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The term is an old one, applied to certain heretics in the Middle Ages.

3239: 3235: 2886: 2784: 2715: 2520: 2463: 2341: 2190: 2038: 1906: 1490: 1448: 1291: 1260: 1175:(1813–1855) posited an early form of nihilism, which he referred to as 1113: 1075: 942:, the Buddha describes moral nihilists as holding the following views: 871: 814: 768: 726: 581: 528: 524: 360: 137: 107: 19:

This article is about the philosophical viewpoint. For other uses, see

4421: 3192: 1783:, and with them the whole of metaphysics, are intrinsically Nihilist. 1377:

Later interpretations of nihilism were heavily influenced by works of

539:

itself. Contemporary understanding of the idea stems largely from the

9703: 9648: 9638: 9573: 9568: 9524: 9415: 9395: 9195: 9190: 9165: 8894: 8856: 8840: 8225: 8220: 8080: 8007: 7942: 7813: 7747: 7559: 7549: 7544: 7519: 7315: 6875: 6837: 6601: 2657:"Existential Nihilism: The Only Really Serious Philosophical Problem" 2508: 2403: 2368: 2146: 2042: 1969: 1957: 1780: 1696:

has forgotten to ask about the notion of Being (what Heidegger calls

1542: 1519: 1478: 1451: 903: 772: 644: 608: 585: 492: 259: 237: 167: 162: 142: 77: 7450: 4441: 2878: 2788: 2729: 2222: 1705:

Heidegger, in his interpretation of Nietzsche, has been inspired by

1676:, has forgotten to discriminate between investigating the notion of 1489:

interpretation, Nietzsche states that this dissolution leads beyond

172: 9693: 9683: 9534: 9504: 9499: 9484: 9340: 9310: 8884: 8055: 7927: 7885: 7873: 7661: 7455: 7355: 7298: 7102: 7056: 6940: 6621: 6388: 5660: 5330: 3820: 3771: 2561: 2438: 2433: 2373: 2230: 2101: 2028: 1993: 1803: 1561:

A nihilist is a man who judges of the world as it is that it ought

1505: 1474: 1455: 1255: 1222: 1217: 1125: 907: 673:, meaning 'nothing', which is similarly found in the related terms 496: 217: 202: 92: 6093:, ed. and trans. Howard V. Hong and Edna H. Hong, Princeton, N.J: 5923: 4898:

already existed in the cadre of the revolutionary movement itself.

9718: 9578: 9519: 9467: 9090: 8899: 8810: 8790: 7682: 7656: 7651: 7593: 7588: 7420: 7308: 7303: 7262: 7084: 6930: 6812: 2229:. The Dadaists claimed that Dada was not an art movement, but an 2209: 2070: 1944: 1554: 1537:

One such reaction to the loss of meaning is what Nietzsche calls

1527: 1283: 1228:

were instruments of levelling and contributed to the "reflective

1135: 991: 970: 776: 612: 557: 247: 242: 112: 87: 6007:"Everything Everywhere All at Once Perfects Optimistic Nihilism" 4306: 1417: 9472: 9215: 8863: 7947: 7868: 7598: 7257: 7247: 6945: 6847: 6567: 5265:

by David F. Krell (New York: Harper & Row, 1979); Vol. II,

2408: 2383: 2233:

movement, sometimes using found objects in a manner similar to

2105: 1948: 1229: 1121: 704: 552: 177: 5989:""Manifestations of nihilism in selected contemporary media."" 3956:

Alagaddupama Sutta, The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha

3175:

Evangelium vitae: Il valore e l'inviolabilita delta vita umana

2284:, are often noted as early examples of nihilistic principles. 1153: 455: 7763: 7425: 6711: 6644: 6515:

Towards Ethical Nihilism: The Possibility of Nietzschean Hope

6091:

The Moment and Late Writings: Kierkegaard's Writings, Vol. 23

4674:

Edie, James M.; Scanlan, James; Zeldin, Mary-Barbara (1994).

1549:. Schopenhauer's doctrine, which Nietzsche also refers to as 1109: 1023: 933: 664: 516:

There have been different nihilist positions, including that

443: 6400:

Friedrich Nietzsches Philosophie des europäischen Nihilismus

5419:. Translated by Tomlinson, Hugh. London: The Athlone Press. 4098:"A Dhamma article by Ajahn Amaro – The View from the Centre" 3694:. Translated by Tomlinson, Hugh. London: The Athlone Press. 3322:(in Italian). Treccani: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana 2929:. Translated by Tomlinson, Hugh. London: The Athlone Press. 824:, who brought the word into popular use with his 1862 novel 507:

and more specifically by his character Bazarov in the novel

8740: 6454:, South Bend, Indiana: St. Augustine's Press (2nd Edition). 6438:

Modernity and Nihilism. Secular History and Loss of Meaning

2898: 2896: 2033:, is the position that nothing actually exists at all. The 1895:

wrote briefly of nihilism from the postmodern viewpoint in

1668:. The will to power is also the principle of every earlier 1625: 920: 419: 1310:. Leading philosophers of this school of thought included 858:', as well as what he saw as the life-denying morality of 7608: 6538: 6526:

I Wish I Could Believe in Meaning: A Response to Nihilism

2078: 1968:

is a form of philosophical skepticism according to which

1427:

Nihilism is often associated with the German philosopher

1241:

we can recover the sense that our lives are meaningful."

580:

as a nihilistic epoch or mode of thought. Likewise, some

437: 431: 6500:

La nave di Teseo. Saggi sull'Essere, il mito e il potere

5881:

Tzara, Tristan (December 2005). Trans/ed. Mary Ann Caws

3434:

The Dictionary of Eighteenth-Century German Philosophers

3310: 3308: 3189:"The Postmodern Challenge: Facing the Spirit of the Age" 2893: 2255:

The term "nihilism" was actually popularized in 1862 by

2082:

how the ant experiences this "within the world" feeling.

1767: 1049:

After death a Buddha neither does nor does not reappear.

654: 6431:

Heidegger und Nietzsche. Nietzsche-Interpretationen III

6349:, Edward N. Zalta (ed.). Retrieved on December 1, 2009. 6298:

Der unheimlichste Gast. Die Philosophie des Nihilismus.

5299:. Found in the second volume of his lectures: Vol. II, 5246:

Heidegger und Nietzsche. Nietzsche-Interpretationen III

5064: 3197:...the nihilism and loneliness of postmodern culture... 968:

The culmination of the path that the Buddha taught was

491:(1962) focus on extreme critiques of nihilism. such as 6445:

Nihilism, The Root of the Revolution of the Modern Age

5926:. The University of Tennessee, Martin. April 1, 2012. 5910:

Dada and Beyond, Volume 2 : Dada and Its Legacies

4885:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 139, 143–144. 3874:. "Pali-English Glossary" and "Index of Subjects." In 1139:, which sees reason as hostile and inferior to faith. 6365:

Between nihilism and faith: a commentary on Either/or

6281:

Beyond Sartre and Sterility: Surviving Existentialism

5823:"The case for medical nihilism and "gentle medicine"" 5721:"Friedrich Nietzsche § Nietzsche's Mature Philosophy" 3305: 3251:"Nihilism | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy" 2800:"Nihilism | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy" 2526: 1046:

After death a Buddha both does and does not reappear;

595:

In popular use, the term commonly refers to forms of

452: 440: 416: 6421:

Laughing at Nothing: Humor as a Response to Nihilism

5025:

Nishitani, Keiji (1990). McCormick, Peter J. (ed.).

4535:

Nishitani, Keiji (1990). McCormick, Peter J. (ed.).

2225:—known as the "Niederdorf" or "Niederdörfli"—in the 2037:

defines one form of nihilism as "An extreme form of

434: 6128:

Works of Love : Kierkegaard's Writings, Vol 16

5462:

1999; Nihilism and Affirmation. Retrieved 05-12-07.

2073:, but is rather an implicit trait that can only be 627:), the stance that no knowledge can or does exist ( 449: 425: 413: 363:. In order to explore related topics, please visit 6590:"Moral Skepticism", section "Skeptical Hypotheses" 6111:The Two Ages : Kierkegaard's Writings, Vol 14 5907: 5800:. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. p. 1. 4952: 4936:These "new types", to borrow Pisarev's designation 4697: 4422:"The Case against Rational Egoism in Dostoevsky's 3549: 3362: 3361: 3045:Nihilism and the Postmodern in Vattimo's Nietzsche 2280:The philosophical ideas of the French author, the 2197: 1098:, and in particular Spinoza's determinism and the 5297:Die seinsgeschichtliche Bestimmung des Nihilismus 4673: 3962:. Translated by Nanamoli, Bikkhu; Bodhi, Bikkhu. 3186: 1798:thought has questioned the very grounds on which 1744:. Italian philosophers of this same movement are 946:The act of giving produces no beneficial results; 9741: 6539:Nihil - center for nihilism and nihilist studies 6447:, Forestville, CA: Fr. Seraphim Rose Foundation. 5628:. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 2008. p. 363. 5305:Nietzsche II: The Eternal Recurrence of the Same 5271:Nietzsche II: The Eternal Recurrence of the Same 4436:(3). University of Pennsylvania Press: 553–554. 3270:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 2819:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 1976:, according to which all knowledge is uncertain. 994:of more than 40 years, observes that in English 6321:L'ospite inquietante. Il nichilismo e i giovani 2012:and physical constructs might not exist in the 1878:In lieu of meta-narratives we have created new 1633:'s interpretation of Nietzsche influenced many 1329:. However, it was not until 1862 that the name 1094:(1743–1819), who used the term to characterize 550:The term is sometimes used in association with 26:"Nihilist" redirects here. For other uses, see 6496:Lo spettro del nulla e il corpo del nichilismo 4646:It was Ivan Turgenev, in his celebrated novel 4219: 3992:Aggi-Vacchagotta Sutta: To Vacchagotta on Fire 3396:Gloy, Karen (2014). "Nihilismus–Pessimismus". 3191:. Christian Research Institute. Archived from 2325:Vincent, the main antagonist of the 2004 film 2173:is dubious or without merit. Dealing with the 1662:Nihilism as Determined by the History of Being 1040:After death a Buddha reappears somewhere else; 9272: 8756: 6660: 5615: 5093:Nietzsche, Nihilism, and the Virtue of Nature 4505:Lovell, Stephen (1998). "Nihilism, Russian". 4466:Lovell, Stephen (1998). "Nihilism, Russian". 4321:Lovell, Stephen (1998). "Nihilism, Russian". 3914:Pasanno, Ajahn; Amaro, Ajahn (October 2009). 3886: 3884: 3843:"Buddhists celebrate birth of Gautama Buddha" 3400:(in German). Wilhelm Fink. pp. 145–200. 2860: 2858: 2856: 1391:'if there is no God, everything is permitted' 796: 707:. The concept itself first took shape within 628: 560:at a perceived pointlessness of existence or 383: 8870: 8861: 6029: 4853:. University of Chicago Press. p. 139. 4678:. University of Tennessee Press. p. 3. 3913: 3718:Ramos, Alice (1996). "Triumph of the Will". 3524:. University of Chicago Press. p. 110. 2169:, is the position that the effectiveness of 1394: 846:was further discussed by German philosopher 738: 720: 694: 651:), or even that life itself does not exist. 6481:Rappresentare Medea. Dal mito al nichilismo 6338:, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. 6045:Nihil Unbound: Enlightenment and Extinction 6004: 4955:Dostoevsky: The Miraculous Years, 1865–1871 4700:Dostoevsky: The Miraculous Years, 1865–1871 4229:, translated by Alexander Dru. Foreword by 3815:(2). University of Chicago Press: 328–330. 3766:(2). University of Chicago Press: 328–330. 3552:Dostoevsky: The Miraculous Years, 1865–1871 3431: 1984:is the position that life has no intrinsic 1194:, translated by Alexander Dru. Foreword by 729: 668: 9279: 9265: 8763: 8749: 6667: 6653: 6185:Sämtliche Werken. Kritische Studienausgabe 5087: 5085: 5049: 3985: 3983: 3899:The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha 3881: 3320:Enciclopedia Italiana: Enciclopedia online 3253:. Archived from the original on 2010-04-12 2853: 2802:. Archived from the original on 2010-04-12 2145:that uphold them. Though often related to 648: 640: 390: 376: 5877: 5875: 5570:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199603039.001.0001 5024: 5001: 4921: 4880: 4848: 4816: 4608: 4534: 4402: 4195: 4193: 3949: 3947: 3916:"Knowing, Emptiness and the Radiant Mind" 3616: 3519: 3139:The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism 3017: 2980: 2952: 2905: 2127:, the former of which is also equated to 1368:as well, and are distinguished above the 898:The concept of nihilism was discussed by 9286: 6374:, Dallas, TX: Spence Publishing Company. 5977:. CHAIB, Ahlem, and Yamina GHALEB. 2017. 5896:Las vanguardias artísticas del siglo XX. 5867:Las vanguardias artísticas del siglo XX. 5795: 5625:The American Heritage Medical Dictionary 5225:Doomen, J. 2012. "Consistent Nihilism." 3208: 3202: 2864: 2141:—along with the principles, values, and 1626:Heideggerian interpretation of Nietzsche 1416: 1254: 1152: 949:Good and bad actions produce no results; 771:for certain value-destructive trends of 6625:podcast on nihilism and popular culture 6347:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 5839: 5687:Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 5685:Cooper, Neil (1973). "Moral Nihilism". 5414: 5082: 4419: 4168: 4128: 4025: 3980: 3795: 3746: 3689: 3457:The Stanford Encyclopedia of philosophy 3450: 2924: 2621: 1854:argues that, rather than relying on an 1481:the evil in the world) and a basis for 1043:After death a Buddha does not reappear; 1022:they no longer come into any state of ' 986:... the total end of death and decay." 963: 902:(563 BC to 483 BC), as recorded in the 624: 9742: 6414:Martin Heidegger and European Nihilism 6260:On Nudity. An Introduction to Nonsense 6079:, trans. F.A. Capuzzi, San Francisco: 5883:"Approximate Man" & Other Writings 5872: 5741:Crosby, Donald A. (1998). "Nihilism". 5740: 5684: 5555: 5523:Crosby, Donald A. (1998). "Nihilism". 5522: 4983: 4903: 4798: 4590: 4504: 4465: 4384: 4320: 4275:Heidegger, Authenticity, and Modernity 4190: 3944: 3853:from the original on September 2, 2019 3807:by Michel Haar & Michael Gendre". 3758:by Michel Haar & Michael Gendre". 3598: 2999: 2685:Crosby, Donald A. (1998). "Nihilism". 2684: 2586:Crosby, Donald A. (1998). "Nihilism". 2585: 1337:used the term in his celebrated novel 1133:A related but oppositional concept is 1090:was first introduced to philosophy by 9260: 8744: 8406: 7148: 6686: 6648: 6276:, State University of New York Press. 6246:Del nonsense: tra Oriente e Occidente 5950:"Nihilism: Philosophy of Nothingness" 5930:from the original on January 19, 2018 5908:Adamowicz, E.; Robertson, E. (2012). 5820: 5263:Nietzsche I: The Will to Power as Art 4950: 4695: 4095: 3909: 3907: 3717: 3665: 3663: 3661: 3659: 3657: 3547: 2780: 2778: 2776: 2315:Phil Connors in the 1993 comedy film 1768:Deleuzean interpretation of Nietzsche 677:, meaning 'to bring to nothing', and 655:Etymology, terminology and definition 599:, according to which life is without 5743:Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy 5525:Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy 4507:Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy 4468:Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy 4323:Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy 4062:Kevatta (Kevaddha) Sutta: To Kevatta 3577: 3459:(Fall 2008 ed.). Archived from 3395: 3383:participating institution membership 2687:Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy 2654: 2650: 2648: 2646: 2588:Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy 2177:as it relates to the contextualized 2035:American Heritage Medical Dictionary 1116:. Bret W. Davis writes, for example: 850:, who used the term to describe the 809:), entered publication in 1829 when 699:, though was also in use during the 6595:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 6573:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 6393:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 6283:(Montreal: contact argobookshop.ca) 6005:Ravenscroft, Eric (22 March 2022). 5842:"The Argument for Medical Nihilism" 5607:. www.askoxford.com. Archived from 5307:(New York, Harper & Row, 1984). 5273:(New York, Harper & Row, 1984). 4311:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 3582:. Translated by Constance Garnett. 3245:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 3177:. Milan: Paoline Editoriale Libri." 2840:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 2794:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 2725:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 1244: 619:), the rejection of all social and 616: 13: 6443:Rose, Eugene Fr. Seraphim (1995), 6238: 6210:Nietzsche, Friedrich (2008/1885), 6158:Nietzsche, Friedrich (1974/1887), 4259:Kierkegaard, Pietism, and Holiness 4073:from the original on 24 March 2019 3904: 3678:State University of New York Press 3654: 3476: 3043:Cited in Woodward, Ashley. 2002. " 2828: 2773: 2755: 1951:is either wholly or significantly 1356:identifying it as a fundamentally 1259:Portrait of a nihilist student by 14: 9771: 6532: 6440:", retrieved at December 2, 2009. 6334:Gillespie, Michael Allen (1996), 6316:", retrieved at December 2, 2009. 6267:Kierkegaard, pietism and holiness 6258:Arena, Leonardo Vittorio (2015), 6251:Arena, Leonardo Vittorio (2012), 6244:Arena, Leonardo Vittorio (1997), 4881:Gillespie, Michael Allen (1996). 4849:Gillespie, Michael Allen (1996). 4304: 4110:from the original on 12 June 2018 3932:from the original on 12 June 2018 3520:Gillespie, Michael Allen (1996). 3075:. 1993. "Game with Vestiges." In 2981:Gillespie, Michael Allen (1996). 2953:Gillespie, Michael Allen (1996). 2906:Gillespie, Michael Allen (1996). 2714: 2643: 2337:Everything Everywhere All at Once 1413:Philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche 763:). In the period surrounding the 8724: 8723: 8710: 6395:, retrieved at December 2, 2009. 6387:Korab-Karpowicz, W. J. (2005), " 6360:, retrieved at December 2, 2009. 6309:. Retrieved at December 1, 2009. 6125:Kierkegaard, Søren (1995/1850), 6108:Kierkegaard, Søren (1978/1846), 6034: 5998: 5981: 5964: 5942: 5916: 5901: 5888: 5859: 5840:Danaher, John (April 12, 2019). 5833: 5814: 5789: 5771: 5734: 5713: 5678: 5653: 5597: 5549: 5516: 4003:from the original on 6 June 2019 2560: 2548: 2536: 2271:portrayed nihilism when writing 2116:in that it does not acknowledge 1786: 1571:Friedrich Nietzsche, KSA 12:9 , 1026:' and are no longer born again. 409: 6452:Nihilism: A Philosophical Essay 5667:from the original on 2015-10-31 5642:from the original on 2016-09-11 5586:from the original on 2019-12-31 5494: 5474: 5465: 5446: 5433: 5408: 5395: 5382: 5369: 5356: 5343: 5340:, visited on November 24, 2009. 5323: 5310: 5289: 5276: 5251: 5248:, Berlin-New York 2000, p. 303. 5234: 5219: 5210: 5201: 5186: 5171: 5162:Nihilism: A Philosophical Essay 5151: 5142: 5133: 5124: 5115: 5106: 5073: 5058: 5043: 5027:The Self-Overcoming of Nihilism 5018: 4977: 4944: 4871: 4842: 4774: 4725: 4689: 4581: 4560: 4537:The Self-Overcoming of Nihilism 4495: 4459: 4430:Journal of the History of Ideas 4375: 4353: 4280: 4264: 4251: 4236: 4206: 4162: 4147: 4122: 4089: 4053: 4019: 3969:from the original on 2015-09-26 3865: 3835: 3803:by Michael Allen Gillespie and 3789: 3754:by Michael Allen Gillespie and 3708: 3683: 3633: 3592: 3538: 3513: 3491: 3470: 3422: 3389: 3355: 3334: 3279: 3240:Existential Nihilism | Nihilism 3229: 3180: 3147: 3100: 3082: 3066: 3037: 2985:. University of Chicago Press. 2971: 2957:. University of Chicago Press. 2910:. University of Chicago Press. 2198:In culture, the arts, and media 1149:Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard 629:§ Epistemological nihilism 556:to explain the general mood of 6674: 6609:New International Encyclopedia 4764:– via Encyclopedia.com. 3897:, trans. "Apannaka Sutta." In 3291:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary 3187:Leffel, Jim; Dennis McCallum. 3097:, translated by S. F. Glasser. 2946: 2836:"The Meaning of Life#Nihilism" 2675: 2615: 2579: 1886: 1866:He then goes on to define the 1839:claim, compared to nihilism's 1203:Kierkegaard, an advocate of a 1142: 576:and others have characterized 503:. The term was popularized by 1: 8407: 6564:, translated by Thomas Common 6341:Giovanni, George di (2008), " 6314:Nihilism, Modernisn and Value 6265:Barnett, Christopher (2011), 6183:Nietzsche, Friedrich (1980), 5065:Martin Walter, Jörg Hüttner. 3578:Turgenev, Ivan. "Chapter 5". 3455:. In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). 2250: 2024:Extreme metaphysical nihilism 1541:, which he recognizes in the 1389:. "The nihility expressed in 1158: 635:positions, which assert that 535:, as well as possibly out of 16:Family of philosophical views 8770: 8196:Ordinary language philosophy 6687: 6617:"In the Dust of This Planet" 6436:Parvez Manzoor, S. (2003), " 6416:, New York, NY: Columbia UP. 6389:Martin Heidegger (1889—1976) 6319:Galimberti, Umberto (2008), 6274:The Banalisation of Nihilism 5994:. Olivier, Marco René. 2007. 5821:Smith, Richard (June 2018). 5751:10.4324/9780415249126-N037-1 5699:10.1093/aristotelian/74.1.75 5533:10.4324/9780415249126-N037-1 5228:Journal of Mind and Behavior 4515:10.4324/9780415249126-E072-1 4476:10.4324/9780415249126-E072-1 4331:10.4324/9780415249126-E072-1 4156:Journal of Nietzsche Studies 4103:Amaravati Buddhist Monastery 4096:Amaro, Ajahn (7 May 2015) . 3674:The Banalisation of Nihilism 3167:The Banalization of Nihilism 3128:The Sociological Imagination 2695:10.4324/9780415249126-N037-1 2596:10.4324/9780415249126-N037-1 2573: 1924: 1406: 1333:was first popularized, when 649:§ Mereological nihilism 641:§ Metaphysical nihilism 7: 8246:Contemporary utilitarianism 8161:Internalism and externalism 6524:Williams, Peter S. (2005), 6457:Severino, Emanuele (1982), 6358:Online Etymology Dictionary 6303:Dreyfus, Hubert L. (2004), 5869:Alianza Forma. pp. 135-137. 5846:Philosophical Disquisitions 5780:. 1999. "German Nihilism." 4131:"Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi" 3484:Online Etymology Dictionary 3453:"Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi" 3091:. 1994. "On Nihilism." In 2763:Online Etymology Dictionary 2669:10.13140/RG.2.2.26965.24804 2361: 2241:classified as a nihilistic 2125:Passive and active nihilism 1919:"On Nihilism," trans. 1995. 1578:Section 585, Translated by 1422:Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche 1266:From the period 1860–1917, 1167:Niels Christian Kierkegaard 893: 877:Religious scholars such as 703:to denote certain forms of 659:The etymological origin of 10: 9776: 7510:Svatantrika and Prasangika 7149: 6494:Tigani, Francesco (2014), 6479:Tigani, Francesco (2010), 6476:, New York, NY: Routledge. 6384:, Zagreb: Jesenski i Turk. 6367:, Walter de Gruyter Press. 6290:, New York, NY: Routledge. 6286:Cunningham, Conor (2002), 6095:Princeton University Press 6055:Jacobi, Friedrich Heinrich 5894:de Micheli, Mario (2006). 5885:. 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(1999). 4404:10.1007/s11212-019-09319-4 4242:Kierkegaard, Søren. 1849. 3618:10.1007/s11212-019-09319-4 3558:Princeton University Press 3406:10.30965/9783846756454_007 3019:10.1007/s11212-019-09319-4 1846: 1828:Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak 1813: 1410: 1379:anti-nihilistic literature 1327:epistemological skepticism 1248: 1215:(like the Danish magazine 1146: 1102:, in order to carry out a 888: 813:used it synonymously with 25: 18: 9587: 9381: 9294: 9183: 9046: 8996: 8989: 8918: 8849: 8778: 8704: 8656: 8556: 8518: 8465: 8432: 8423: 8419: 8402: 8352: 8264: 8102: 8093: 8026: 7809: 7800: 7778: 7733: 7675: 7627: 7581: 7572: 7535: 7406: 7271: 7218: 7209: 7159: 7155: 7144: 7083: 7055: 7012: 6964: 6921: 6874: 6846: 6798: 6770: 6732:Philosophy of mathematics 6722:Philosophy of information 6697: 6693: 6682: 6423:, Albany, NY: SUNY Press. 6370:Hibbs, Thomas S. (2000), 6363:Harries, Karsten (2010), 6343:Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi 6336:Nihilism Before Nietzsche 6279:Cattarini, L. S. (2018), 6030:General and cited sources 5415:Deleuze, Gilles (1983) . 5261:(1936-39). Translated as 5121:F. Nietzsche, KSA 13:14 . 5112:F. Nietzsche, KSA 12:10 . 4984:Petrov, Kristian (2019). 4904:Petrov, Kristian (2019). 4883:Nihilism Before Nietzsche 4851:Nihilism Before Nietzsche 4799:Petrov, Kristian (2019). 4591:Petrov, Kristian (2019). 4385:Petrov, Kristian (2019). 3801:Nihilism before Nietzsche 3752:Nihilism before Nietzsche 3732:10.1017/S0034670500051779 3690:Deleuze, Gilles (1983) . 3599:Petrov, Kristian (2019). 3522:Nihilism Before Nietzsche 3398:Zwischen Glück und Tragik 3370:Oxford English Dictionary 3211:"Deconstructing the Mass" 3209:Phillips, Robert (1999). 3000:Petrov, Kristian (2019). 2983:Nihilism Before Nietzsche 2955:Nihilism Before Nietzsche 2925:Deleuze, Gilles (1983) . 2908:Nihilism Before Nietzsche 2504:Russian nihilist movement 2185:, Jacob Stegenga applies 1917:Simulacra and Simulation, 1526:among the stars and that 1251:Russian nihilist movement 1092:Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi 1081: 927:and the nihilist view as 840:Russian nihilist movement 806: 785:Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi 625:§ Political nihilism 28:Nihilist (disambiguation) 21:Nihilism (disambiguation) 8821:Philosophical presentism 6513:Villet, Charles (2009), 6398:Kuhn, Elisabeth (1992), 6262:, Mimesis International. 5796:Stegenga, Jacob (2018). 5511:life or of the universe. 5441:Nietzsche and Philosophy 5417:Nietzsche and Philosophy 5216:F. Nietzsche, KSA 12:9 . 5207:F. Nietzsche, KSA 12:7 . 5148:F. Nietzsche, KSA 12:2 . 5139:F. Nietzsche, KSA 12:2 . 5130:F. Nietzsche, KSA 12:5 . 5091:Michels, Steven. 2004. " 5079:F. Nietzsche, KSA 12:6 . 3923:Forest Sangha Newsletter 3692:Nietzsche and Philosophy 3217:(Winter). Archived from 3094:Simulacra and Simulation 2927:Nietzsche and Philosophy 2750:life or of the universe. 2661:Journal of Camus Studies 2624:Nietzsche and Philosophy 2622:Deleuze, Gilles (1962). 2351:In the 2023 video game, 2287: 2026:, also sometimes called 1965:Epistemological nihilism 1898:Simulacra and Simulation 1777:Nietzsche and Philosophy 1461:Nietzsche characterized 923:, refers to nihilism as 919:, originally written in 564:of human principles and 9236:Philosophical pessimism 9231:Nietzschean affirmation 8816:Philosophical pessimism 8201:Postanalytic philosophy 8142:Experimental philosophy 6472:Slocombe, Will (2006), 6450:Rosen, Stanley (2000), 6427:Müller-Lauter, Wolfgang 6405:Irti, Natalino (2004), 6323:, Milano: Feltrinelli. 6253:Nonsense as the Meaning 6248:, Urbino: Quattroventi. 5725:Encyclopædia Britannica 5562:Oxford University Press 5506:Encyclopædia Britannica 5403:Heidegger und Nietzsche 5390:Heidegger und Nietzsche 5377:Heidegger und Nietzsche 5364:Heidegger und Nietzsche 5351:Heidegger und Nietzsche 5318:Heidegger und Nietzsche 5284:Heidegger und Nietzsche 5257:Cf. Heidegger: Vol. I, 4789:Encyclopædia Britannica 4740:Encyclopædia Britannica 4661:Encyclopædia Britannica 4642:Encyclopædia Britannica 4572:Encyclopædia Britannica 4365:Encyclopædia Britannica 4295:Encyclopædia Britannica 4245:The Sickness Unto Death 3809:The Journal of Religion 3760:The Journal of Religion 3645:Encyclopædia Britannica 3503:Encyclopædia Britannica 3375:Oxford University Press 3346:Encyclopædia Britannica 2745:Encyclopædia Britannica 2479:Philosophical pessimism 2429:Eliminative materialism 2202: 2129:philosophical pessimism 1932:Encyclopædia Britannica 1477:, belief in God (which 719:from either the German 533:philosophical pessimism 478:Although thinkers like 208:Incompleteness theorems 8871: 8862: 8334:Social constructionism 7346:Hellenistic philosophy 6762:Theoretical philosophy 6737:Philosophy of religion 6727:Philosophy of language 6561:Thus Spake Zarathustra 6459:Essenza del nichilismo 6419:Marmysz, John (2003), 6382:S Nietzscheom o Europi 6312:Fraser, John (2001), " 6213:Thus Spake Zarathustra 5898:Alianza Forma, p. 137. 5745:. Taylor and Francis. 5558:"Ontological Nihilism" 5556:Turner, Jason (2011). 5527:. Taylor and Francis. 5480:Reynolds, Jack; 2001; 5242:Wolfgang Müller-Lauter 4951:Frank, Joseph (1995). 4696:Frank, Joseph (1995). 4509:. Taylor and Francis. 4470:. Taylor and Francis. 4424:Notes from Underground 4325:. Taylor and Francis. 4257:Barnett, Christopher. 4035:Mind Like Fire Unbound 3720:The Review of Politics 3548:Frank, Joseph (1995). 2689:. Taylor and Francis. 2590:. Taylor and Francis. 2139:political institutions 2063:compositional nihilism 1992:. With respect to the 1922: 1884: 1613:Thus Spoke Zarathustra 1585: 1424: 1395: 1263: 1201: 1169: 1131: 1032:Aggi-Vacchagotta Sutta 868:continental philosophy 797: 767:, the term was also a 760: 739: 730: 721: 695: 669: 621:political institutions 469: 9241:Philosophy of suicide 8717:Philosophy portal 8236:Scientific skepticism 8216:Reformed epistemology 6742:Philosophy of science 6558:Friedrich Nietzsche, 6528:, Damaris Publishing. 6412:Löwith, Karl (1995), 6409:, Laterza, Roma-Bari. 6300:Marburg: Tectum 2013. 6269:, Ashgate Publishing. 6232:Bloomsbury Publishing 6077:Nietzsche, Vols. I-IV 5605:"AskOxford: nihilism" 5166:Yale University Press 4990:Stud East Eur Thought 4910:Stud East Eur Thought 4805:Stud East Eur Thought 4597:Stud East Eur Thought 4391:Stud East Eur Thought 4129:di Giovanni, George. 3797:Altizer, Thomas J. J. 3748:Altizer, Thomas J. J. 3605:Stud East Eur Thought 3451:di Giovanni, George. 3159:Dialectic of Nihilism 3006:Stud East Eur Thought 2867:Sociological Analysis 2655:Veit, Walter (2018). 2414:Cynicism (philosophy) 2175:philosophy of science 2058:Mereological nihilism 2008:is the position that 2005:Metaphysical nihilism 1943:is the position that 1903: 1876: 1758:Jean-François Lyotard 1559: 1420: 1312:Nikolay Chernyshevsky 1258: 1183: 1156: 1118: 838:, thus ascribing the 617:§ Moral nihilism 9760:Political ideologies 9288:Political ideologies 9211:Antinihilistic novel 8873:Après moi, le déluge 8137:Critical rationalism 7844:Edo neo-Confucianism 7688:Acintya bheda abheda 7667:Renaissance humanism 7378:School of the Sextii 6752:Practical philosophy 6747:Political philosophy 6407:Nichilismo giuridico 6402:, Walter de Gruyter. 6272:Carr, Karen (1992), 6148:Beyond Good and Evil 6143:Nietzsche, Friedrich 5693:(1973–1974): 75–90. 5099:. Archived from the 4225:Kierkegaard, Søren. 3079:, edited by M. Gane. 3059:. Archived from the 2171:medical intervention 2162:Therapeutic nihilism 2118:socially constructed 1981:Existential nihilism 1891:Postmodern theorist 1868:postmodern condition 1522:, that Earth has no 1398:après moi, le déluge 1105:reductio ad absurdum 964:Nirvana and nihilism 637:non-abstract objects 597:existential nihilism 233:Münchhausen trilemma 193:Continuum hypothesis 183:Après moi, le déluge 9406:Christian democracy 9201:Antifoundationalism 8905:Paradox of nihilism 7708:Nimbarka Sampradaya 7619:Korean Confucianism 7366:Academic Skepticism 6461:, Milano: Adelphi. 6296:Dod, Elmar (2013), 5912:. Amsterdam: Brill. 4755:Novels for Students 4214:Existential America 4083:Accesstoinsight.org 4067:Bhikkhu, Thanissaro 4047:Accesstoinsight.org 4027:Bhikkhu, Thanissaro 4013:Accesstoinsight.org 3997:Bhikkhu, Thanissaro 3373:(Online ed.). 3215:Latin Mass Magazine 2474:Paradox of nihilism 2444:Historical nihilism 2223:Zürich, Switzerland 2215:Richard Huelsenbeck 2151:political structure 2143:social institutions 1483:objective knowledge 1429:Friedrich Nietzsche 1381:, such as those of 1276:political terrorism 848:Friedrich Nietzsche 631:), and a number of 566:social institutions 545:affirmation of life 36:Part of a series on 9755:Philosophy of life 9321:Political spectrum 8329:Post-structuralism 8231:Scientific realism 8186:Quinean naturalism 8166:Logical positivism 8122:Analytical Marxism 7341:Peripatetic school 7253:Chinese naturalism 6780:Aesthetic response 6707:Applied philosophy 6549:2014-03-06 at the 6433:, Berlin-New York. 6352:Harper, Douglas, " 6087:Kierkegaard, Søren 6049:Palgrave Macmillan 5727:. 21 August 2024. 5508:. 3 January 2024. 5487:2011-06-14 at the 5458:2010-01-07 at the 5336:2010-06-14 at the 4791:. 3 January 2024. 4751:"Fathers and Sons" 4736:"Fathers and Sons" 4657:"Fathers and Sons" 4574:. 3 January 2024. 4367:. 3 January 2024. 4297:. 3 January 2024. 4199:Hannay, Alastair. 4159:28:89–138. p. 107. 4135:plato.stanford.edu 3647:. 3 January 2024. 3505:. 3 January 2024. 3348:. 3 January 2024. 3116:A Study of History 3111:Toynbee, Arnold J. 2747:. 3 January 2024. 2494:Radical skepticism 2489:Post-structuralism 2449:U. G. Krishnamurti 2213:was first used by 2135:Political nihilism 1915:Jean Baudrillard, 1699:Seinsvergessenheit 1425: 1374:or common masses. 1298:, while rejecting 1264: 1205:philosophy of life 1198:, 1962, pp. 51–53. 1170: 1157:Unfinished sketch 1058:Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu 1007:Alagaddupama Sutta 795:form of the word, 570:historical periods 9737: 9736: 9436:Constitutionalism 9299:The Establishment 9254: 9253: 9179: 9178: 8999:Russian nihilists 8738: 8737: 8700: 8699: 8696: 8695: 8692: 8691: 8398: 8397: 8394: 8393: 8390: 8389: 8117:Analytic feminism 8089: 8088: 8051:Kierkegaardianism 8013:Transcendentalism 7973:Neo-scholasticism 7819:Classical Realism 7796: 7795: 7568: 7567: 7383:Neopythagoreanism 7140: 7139: 7136: 7135: 6757:Social philosophy 6519:Verlag Dr. Müller 6502:, Napoli: Guida. 6489:978-88-548-3256-5 6197:Walter de Gruyter 6137:978-0-691-03792-9 6120:978-0-691-07226-5 6103:978-0-691-03226-9 6073:Heidegger, Martin 6067:978-88-905957-5-2 5952:. 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Merriam-Webster 3171:Pope John-Paul II 3089:Baudrillard, Jean 3073:Baudrillard, Jean 2936:978-0-231-13877-2 2756:Harper, Douglas. 2633:978-0-231-13877-2 2469:National nihilism 2354:Honkai: Star Rail 2334:In the 2022 film 2300:Bret Easton Ellis 2100:position that no 1808:the Enlightenment 1796:poststructuralist 1726:Mazzino Montinari 1574:The Will to Power 1508:of the madman in 1493:to a distrust of 1383:Fyodor Dostoevsky 1173:Søren Kierkegaard 1163:Søren Kierkegaard 864:French philosophy 811:Nikolai Nadezhdin 789:Joseph von Görres 765:French Revolution 713:German philosophy 645:composite objects 400: 399: 9767: 9664:Internationalism 9595:Authoritarianism 9564:Social democracy 9458:Environmentalism 9421:Communitarianism 9281: 9274: 9267: 9258: 9257: 8994: 8993: 8876: 8867: 8765: 8758: 8751: 8742: 8741: 8727: 8726: 8715: 8714: 8713: 8430: 8429: 8421: 8420: 8404: 8403: 8294:Frankfurt School 8241:Transactionalism 8191:Normative ethics 8171:Legal positivism 8147:Falsificationism 8132:Consequentialism 8127:Communitarianism 8100: 8099: 7968:New Confucianism 7807: 7806: 7614:Neo-Confucianism 7579: 7578: 7388:Second Sophistic 7373:Middle Platonism 7216: 7215: 7157: 7156: 7146: 7145: 6989:Epiphenomenalism 6856:Consequentialism 6790:Institutionalism 6695: 6694: 6684: 6683: 6669: 6662: 6655: 6646: 6645: 6613: 6605: 6603:"Nihilism" 6580:Fathers and Sons 6555: 6483:, Roma: Aracne. 6224:Tartaglia, James 6081:Harper & Row 6059:Jacobi an Fichte 6024: 6023: 6021: 6019: 6002: 5996: 5995: 5993: 5985: 5979: 5978: 5976: 5968: 5962: 5961: 5959: 5957: 5946: 5940: 5939: 5937: 5935: 5920: 5914: 5913: 5905: 5899: 5892: 5886: 5879: 5870: 5863: 5857: 5856: 5854: 5852: 5837: 5831: 5830: 5818: 5812: 5811: 5798:Medical Nihilism 5793: 5787: 5775: 5769: 5768: 5738: 5732: 5731: 5717: 5711: 5710: 5682: 5676: 5675: 5673: 5672: 5657: 5651: 5650: 5648: 5647: 5619: 5613: 5612: 5601: 5595: 5594: 5592: 5591: 5553: 5547: 5546: 5520: 5514: 5513: 5498: 5492: 5478: 5472: 5469: 5463: 5450: 5444: 5437: 5431: 5430: 5412: 5406: 5399: 5393: 5386: 5380: 5373: 5367: 5360: 5354: 5347: 5341: 5327: 5321: 5314: 5308: 5293: 5287: 5280: 5274: 5255: 5249: 5238: 5232: 5223: 5217: 5214: 5208: 5205: 5199: 5190: 5184: 5175: 5169: 5155: 5149: 5146: 5140: 5137: 5131: 5128: 5122: 5119: 5113: 5110: 5104: 5089: 5080: 5077: 5071: 5070: 5062: 5056: 5055: 5050:Elisabeth Kuhn. 5047: 5041: 5040: 5022: 5016: 5015: 5005: 4981: 4975: 4974: 4958: 4948: 4942: 4938: 4925: 4900: 4875: 4869: 4868: 4846: 4840: 4836: 4832:Russian nihilism 4820: 4795: 4778: 4772: 4768: 4763: 4761: 4746: 4729: 4723: 4722: 4703: 4693: 4687: 4683: 4670: 4666:Fathers and Sons 4652: 4648:Fathers and Sons 4633: 4612: 4585: 4579: 4578: 4564: 4558: 4554: 4531: 4499: 4493: 4492: 4463: 4457: 4453: 4416: 4406: 4379: 4373: 4372: 4357: 4351: 4347: 4317: 4301: 4284: 4278: 4268: 4262: 4255: 4249: 4240: 4234: 4223: 4217: 4212:Cotkin, George. 4210: 4204: 4197: 4188: 4187: 4182:. 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6544:Nihilist Abyss 6541: 6534: 6533:External links 6531: 6530: 6529: 6522: 6511: 6492: 6477: 6470: 6455: 6448: 6441: 6434: 6424: 6417: 6410: 6403: 6396: 6385: 6375: 6368: 6361: 6350: 6339: 6332: 6317: 6310: 6301: 6294: 6291: 6284: 6277: 6270: 6263: 6256: 6249: 6240: 6237: 6236: 6235: 6221: 6208: 6181: 6166:Walter Kaufman 6156: 6140: 6123: 6106: 6084: 6070: 6052: 6036: 6033: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6025: 5997: 5980: 5963: 5941: 5915: 5900: 5887: 5871: 5858: 5832: 5813: 5806: 5788: 5786:26(3):353–378. 5783:Interpretation 5770: 5759: 5733: 5712: 5677: 5652: 5634: 5614: 5611:on 2005-11-22. 5596: 5578: 5548: 5541: 5515: 5493: 5473: 5464: 5453:Borginho, Jose 5445: 5432: 5425: 5407: 5405:, pp. 303–304. 5394: 5381: 5379:, pp. 301-303. 5368: 5366:, pp. 272-275. 5355: 5342: 5322: 5309: 5288: 5275: 5250: 5233: 5218: 5209: 5200: 5192:F. Nietzsche, 5185: 5177:F. Nietzsche, 5170: 5158:Rosen, Stanley 5150: 5141: 5132: 5123: 5114: 5105: 5103:on 2004-10-31. 5081: 5072: 5057: 5042: 5035: 5017: 4976: 4969: 4943: 4940: 4939: 4901: 4891: 4877: 4870: 4859: 4841: 4838: 4837: 4796: 4780: 4773: 4770: 4769: 4747: 4731: 4724: 4714: 4688: 4685: 4684: 4671: 4653: 4634: 4587: 4580: 4559: 4556: 4555: 4545: 4532: 4523: 4501: 4494: 4484: 4458: 4455: 4454: 4417: 4381: 4374: 4352: 4349: 4348: 4339: 4318: 4302: 4286: 4279: 4271:Wrathall, Mark 4263: 4250: 4235: 4218: 4205: 4189: 4186:on 2013-12-22. 4161: 4146: 4121: 4088: 4052: 4018: 3979: 3943: 3903: 3880: 3864: 3834: 3821:10.1086/490005 3788: 3785: 3784: 3772:10.1086/490005 3744: 3726:(1): 181–184. 3714: 3707: 3700: 3682: 3670:Carr, Karen L. 3653: 3632: 3591: 3588: 3587: 3575: 3566: 3544: 3537: 3530: 3512: 3490: 3469: 3466: 3465: 3463:on 2013-12-02. 3448: 3442: 3428: 3421: 3414: 3388: 3354: 3333: 3304: 3278: 3228: 3201: 3179: 3163:Carr, Karen L. 3146: 3143: 3142: 3132: 3120: 3119:VIII & IX; 3107: 3099: 3081: 3065: 3063:on 2010-04-05. 3036: 3033: 3032: 2997: 2991: 2977: 2970: 2963: 2945: 2942: 2941: 2935: 2922: 2916: 2902: 2892: 2852: 2827: 2772: 2769: 2768: 2753: 2737: 2712: 2703: 2681: 2674: 2642: 2632: 2614: 2604: 2577: 2575: 2572: 2570: 2569: 2557: 2545: 2524: 2523: 2518: 2511: 2506: 2501: 2496: 2491: 2486: 2481: 2476: 2471: 2466: 2461: 2456: 2454:Legal nihilism 2451: 2446: 2441: 2436: 2431: 2426: 2424:Existentialism 2421: 2416: 2411: 2406: 2401: 2396: 2391: 2386: 2381: 2376: 2371: 2365: 2363: 2360: 2302:'s 1991 novel 2289: 2286: 2252: 2249: 2204: 2201: 2199: 2196: 2195: 2194: 2187:Bayes' theorem 2165:, also called 2158: 2132: 2122: 2092:, also called 2089:Moral nihilism 2085: 2084: 2083: 2067:objective fact 2061:, also called 2054: 2014:possible world 2001: 1998:existentialism 1977: 1961: 1953:unintelligible 1926: 1923: 1912: 1888: 1885: 1880:language-games 1848: 1845: 1823:deconstruction 1815: 1812: 1788: 1785: 1773:Gilles Deleuze 1769: 1766: 1722:Gianni Vattimo 1627: 1624: 1619:The Antichrist 1568: 1545:philosophy of 1411:Main article: 1408: 1405: 1392: 1316:Dmitry Pisarev 1304:sentimentalism 1249:Main article: 1246: 1243: 1235:Hubert Dreyfus 1188: 1165:by his cousin 1147:Main article: 1144: 1141: 1083: 1080: 1051: 1050: 1047: 1044: 1041: 990:, an ordained 984:non-attachment 974:, "a place of 965: 962: 957: 956: 953: 950: 947: 940:Apannaka Sutta 895: 892: 890: 887: 833: 656: 653: 647:do not exist ( 639:do not exist ( 398: 397: 395: 394: 387: 380: 372: 369: 368: 352: 351: 348: 347: 342: 337: 332: 327: 322: 317: 312: 307: 302: 297: 292: 287: 281: 277: 276: 275: 272: 271: 268: 267: 262: 257: 256: 255: 245: 240: 235: 230: 225: 220: 215: 210: 205: 200: 195: 190: 188:Cognitive bias 185: 180: 175: 170: 165: 159: 155: 154: 153: 150: 149: 146: 145: 140: 135: 130: 125: 120: 115: 110: 105: 103:Existentialism 100: 95: 90: 85: 80: 74: 70: 69: 68: 65: 64: 62: 61: 59:Disambiguation 56: 50: 47: 46: 38: 37: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9772: 9761: 9758: 9756: 9753: 9751: 9748: 9747: 9745: 9730: 9727: 9725: 9722: 9720: 9717: 9715: 9712: 9710: 9707: 9705: 9702: 9700: 9699:Progressivism 9697: 9695: 9692: 9690: 9687: 9685: 9682: 9680: 9677: 9675: 9672: 9670: 9667: 9665: 9662: 9660: 9659:Individualism 9657: 9655: 9652: 9650: 9647: 9645: 9642: 9640: 9637: 9633: 9630: 9628: 9625: 9623: 9620: 9619: 9618: 9615: 9613: 9610: 9608: 9605: 9601: 9598: 9597: 9596: 9593: 9592: 9590: 9586: 9580: 9577: 9575: 9572: 9570: 9567: 9565: 9562: 9558: 9555: 9553: 9550: 9549: 9548: 9547:Republicanism 9545: 9543: 9540: 9536: 9533: 9532: 9531: 9528: 9526: 9523: 9521: 9518: 9516: 9513: 9511: 9508: 9506: 9503: 9501: 9498: 9496: 9493: 9491: 9488: 9486: 9483: 9479: 9476: 9474: 9471: 9470: 9469: 9466: 9464: 9461: 9459: 9456: 9452: 9451:Social credit 9449: 9448: 9447: 9444: 9442: 9439: 9437: 9434: 9432: 9429: 9427: 9424: 9422: 9419: 9417: 9414: 9412: 9409: 9407: 9404: 9402: 9399: 9397: 9394: 9392: 9389: 9387: 9384: 9383: 9380: 9374: 9373:Revolutionary 9371: 9369: 9366: 9364: 9361: 9357: 9354: 9352: 9349: 9347: 9344: 9342: 9339: 9337: 9334: 9332: 9329: 9327: 9324: 9323: 9322: 9319: 9317: 9314: 9312: 9309: 9305: 9302: 9301: 9300: 9297: 9296: 9293: 9289: 9282: 9277: 9275: 9270: 9268: 9263: 9262: 9259: 9247: 9246:Postmodernity 9244: 9242: 9239: 9237: 9234: 9232: 9229: 9227: 9224: 9222: 9219: 9217: 9214: 9212: 9209: 9207: 9204: 9202: 9199: 9197: 9194: 9192: 9189: 9188: 9186: 9182: 9172: 9169: 9167: 9164: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9152: 9149: 9147: 9144: 9142: 9139: 9137: 9134: 9132: 9129: 9127: 9124: 9122: 9119: 9117: 9114: 9112: 9109: 9107: 9104: 9102: 9099: 9097: 9094: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9084: 9082: 9079: 9077: 9074: 9072: 9069: 9067: 9064: 9062: 9059: 9057: 9054: 9053: 9051: 9049: 9048:Miscellaneous 9045: 9039: 9036: 9034: 9031: 9029: 9026: 9024: 9021: 9019: 9016: 9014: 9013:Chernyshevsky 9011: 9009: 9006: 9005: 9003: 9001: 9000: 8995: 8992: 8988: 8982: 8979: 8977: 8974: 8972: 8969: 8967: 8964: 8962: 8959: 8957: 8954: 8952: 8949: 8947: 8944: 8942: 8939: 8937: 8934: 8932: 8929: 8927: 8924: 8923: 8921: 8917: 8911: 8910:Valuelessness 8908: 8906: 8903: 8901: 8898: 8896: 8893: 8891: 8888: 8886: 8883: 8881: 8878: 8875: 8874: 8869: 8866: 8865: 8860: 8858: 8855: 8854: 8852: 8848: 8842: 8839: 8837: 8834: 8832: 8829: 8827: 8826:Postmodernism 8824: 8822: 8819: 8817: 8814: 8812: 8809: 8807: 8804: 8802: 8799: 8797: 8794: 8792: 8789: 8787: 8784: 8783: 8781: 8777: 8773: 8766: 8761: 8759: 8754: 8752: 8747: 8746: 8743: 8731: 8730: 8721: 8719: 8718: 8707: 8706: 8703: 8685: 8682: 8680: 8677: 8675: 8672: 8670: 8667: 8665: 8662: 8661: 8659: 8657:Miscellaneous 8655: 8649: 8646: 8644: 8641: 8639: 8636: 8634: 8631: 8629: 8626: 8624: 8621: 8619: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8609: 8606: 8604: 8601: 8599: 8596: 8594: 8591: 8589: 8586: 8582: 8579: 8578: 8577: 8574: 8572: 8569: 8567: 8564: 8563: 8561: 8559: 8555: 8549: 8546: 8544: 8541: 8539: 8536: 8534: 8531: 8529: 8526: 8525: 8523: 8521: 8517: 8511: 8508: 8506: 8503: 8501: 8498: 8496: 8493: 8491: 8488: 8486: 8483: 8481: 8478: 8476: 8473: 8472: 8470: 8468: 8464: 8458: 8455: 8453: 8450: 8448: 8445: 8443: 8440: 8439: 8437: 8435: 8431: 8428: 8426: 8422: 8418: 8410: 8409: 8405: 8401: 8383: 8382: 8378: 8376: 8373: 8371: 8368: 8366: 8363: 8361: 8358: 8357: 8355: 8353:Miscellaneous 8351: 8345: 8342: 8340: 8339:Structuralism 8337: 8335: 8332: 8330: 8327: 8325: 8324:Postmodernism 8322: 8320: 8317: 8315: 8314:Phenomenology 8312: 8310: 8307: 8305: 8302: 8300: 8297: 8295: 8292: 8290: 8287: 8285: 8282: 8280: 8277: 8275: 8272: 8271: 8269: 8267: 8263: 8257: 8254: 8252: 8251:Vienna Circle 8249: 8247: 8244: 8242: 8239: 8237: 8234: 8232: 8229: 8227: 8224: 8222: 8219: 8217: 8214: 8212: 8209: 8207: 8204: 8202: 8199: 8197: 8194: 8192: 8189: 8187: 8184: 8182: 8181:Moral realism 8179: 8177: 8174: 8172: 8169: 8167: 8164: 8162: 8159: 8157: 8153: 8150: 8148: 8145: 8143: 8140: 8138: 8135: 8133: 8130: 8128: 8125: 8123: 8120: 8118: 8115: 8113: 8110: 8109: 8107: 8105: 8101: 8098: 8096: 8092: 8082: 8079: 8077: 8074: 8072: 8069: 8067: 8064: 8062: 8059: 8057: 8054: 8052: 8049: 8045: 8042: 8041: 8040: 8037: 8035: 8032: 8031: 8029: 8025: 8019: 8016: 8014: 8011: 8009: 8006: 8004: 8001: 7999: 7996: 7994: 7991: 7989: 7986: 7984: 7983:Phenomenology 7981: 7979: 7976: 7974: 7971: 7969: 7966: 7964: 7961: 7959: 7956: 7954: 7951: 7949: 7946: 7944: 7941: 7939: 7936: 7934: 7931: 7929: 7926: 7924: 7923:Individualism 7921: 7917: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7889: 7888: 7887: 7884: 7880: 7877: 7876: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7862: 7860: 7857: 7855: 7852: 7850: 7847: 7845: 7842: 7840: 7837: 7835: 7832: 7830: 7827: 7825: 7822: 7820: 7817: 7815: 7812: 7811: 7808: 7805: 7803: 7799: 7789: 7788:Judeo-Islamic 7786: 7785: 7783: 7781: 7777: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7765: 7764:ʿIlm al-Kalām 7761: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7749: 7746: 7744: 7741: 7740: 7738: 7736: 7732: 7726: 7723: 7719: 7716: 7714: 7713:Shuddhadvaita 7711: 7709: 7706: 7704: 7701: 7699: 7696: 7694: 7691: 7689: 7686: 7685: 7684: 7681: 7680: 7678: 7674: 7668: 7665: 7663: 7660: 7658: 7655: 7653: 7650: 7648: 7647:Scholasticism 7645: 7643: 7640: 7638: 7635: 7634: 7632: 7630: 7626: 7620: 7617: 7615: 7612: 7610: 7607: 7605: 7602: 7600: 7597: 7595: 7592: 7590: 7587: 7586: 7584: 7580: 7577: 7575: 7571: 7561: 7558: 7556: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7543: 7542: 7540: 7538: 7534: 7526: 7523: 7521: 7518: 7516: 7513: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7503: 7501: 7498: 7496: 7493: 7491: 7488: 7486: 7483: 7482: 7481: 7478: 7474: 7471: 7469: 7466: 7465: 7464: 7461: 7457: 7454: 7452: 7449: 7447: 7444: 7442: 7439: 7437: 7434: 7432: 7429: 7427: 7424: 7422: 7419: 7418: 7417: 7414: 7413: 7411: 7409: 7405: 7399: 7396: 7394: 7391: 7389: 7386: 7384: 7381: 7379: 7376: 7374: 7371: 7367: 7364: 7362: 7359: 7357: 7354: 7352: 7349: 7348: 7347: 7344: 7342: 7339: 7337: 7334: 7332: 7329: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7314: 7310: 7307: 7305: 7302: 7300: 7297: 7295: 7292: 7290: 7287: 7286: 7285: 7282: 7281: 7279: 7277: 7274: 7270: 7264: 7261: 7259: 7256: 7254: 7251: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 7239: 7236: 7234: 7231: 7229: 7226: 7225: 7223: 7221: 7217: 7214: 7212: 7208: 7200: 7197: 7195: 7192: 7190: 7187: 7185: 7182: 7180: 7177: 7176: 7175: 7172: 7170: 7167: 7166: 7164: 7162: 7158: 7154: 7147: 7143: 7129: 7126: 7124: 7121: 7119: 7116: 7114: 7111: 7109: 7106: 7104: 7101: 7099: 7098:Conceptualism 7096: 7094: 7091: 7090: 7088: 7086: 7082: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7062: 7060: 7058: 7054: 7048: 7045: 7043: 7040: 7038: 7035: 7033: 7030: 7028: 7027:Particularism 7025: 7023: 7020: 7019: 7017: 7015: 7011: 7005: 7002: 7000: 6997: 6995: 6994:Functionalism 6992: 6990: 6987: 6985: 6982: 6980: 6979:Eliminativism 6977: 6975: 6972: 6971: 6969: 6967: 6963: 6957: 6954: 6952: 6949: 6947: 6944: 6942: 6939: 6937: 6934: 6932: 6929: 6928: 6926: 6924: 6920: 6914: 6911: 6907: 6904: 6903: 6902: 6899: 6895: 6892: 6891: 6890: 6887: 6885: 6884:Compatibilism 6882: 6881: 6879: 6877: 6873: 6867: 6864: 6862: 6859: 6857: 6854: 6853: 6851: 6849: 6845: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6823:Particularism 6821: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6805: 6803: 6801: 6797: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6777: 6775: 6773: 6769: 6763: 6760: 6758: 6755: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6738: 6735: 6733: 6730: 6728: 6725: 6723: 6720: 6718: 6715: 6713: 6710: 6708: 6705: 6704: 6702: 6700: 6696: 6692: 6685: 6681: 6677: 6670: 6665: 6663: 6658: 6656: 6651: 6650: 6647: 6640: 6636: 6635: 6630: 6627: 6624: 6623: 6618: 6615: 6611: 6610: 6604: 6599: 6597: 6596: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6585:Ivan Turgenev 6582: 6581: 6577: 6575: 6574: 6569: 6566: 6563: 6562: 6557: 6552: 6548: 6545: 6542: 6540: 6537: 6536: 6527: 6523: 6520: 6516: 6512: 6509: 6508:9788868660499 6505: 6501: 6497: 6493: 6490: 6486: 6482: 6478: 6475: 6471: 6468: 6467:9788845904899 6464: 6460: 6456: 6453: 6449: 6446: 6442: 6439: 6435: 6432: 6428: 6425: 6422: 6418: 6415: 6411: 6408: 6404: 6401: 6397: 6394: 6390: 6386: 6383: 6379: 6376: 6373: 6369: 6366: 6362: 6359: 6355: 6351: 6348: 6344: 6340: 6337: 6333: 6330: 6329:9788807171437 6326: 6322: 6318: 6315: 6311: 6308: 6307: 6302: 6299: 6295: 6292: 6289: 6285: 6282: 6278: 6275: 6271: 6268: 6264: 6261: 6257: 6254: 6250: 6247: 6243: 6242: 6233: 6229: 6225: 6222: 6219: 6218:Thomas Common 6215: 6214: 6209: 6206: 6205:3-11-007680-2 6202: 6198: 6194: 6190: 6186: 6182: 6179: 6178:0-394-71985-9 6175: 6171: 6167: 6163: 6162: 6157: 6154: 6153:Helen Zimmern 6150: 6149: 6145:(2005/1886), 6144: 6141: 6138: 6134: 6130: 6129: 6124: 6121: 6117: 6113: 6112: 6107: 6104: 6100: 6096: 6092: 6089:(1998/1854), 6088: 6085: 6082: 6078: 6074: 6071: 6068: 6064: 6060: 6056: 6053: 6050: 6046: 6042: 6041:Brassier, Ray 6039: 6038: 6035:Primary texts 6014: 6013: 6008: 6001: 5990: 5984: 5973: 5967: 5951: 5945: 5929: 5925: 5919: 5911: 5904: 5897: 5891: 5884: 5878: 5876: 5868: 5862: 5847: 5843: 5836: 5828: 5824: 5817: 5809: 5803: 5799: 5792: 5785: 5784: 5779: 5774: 5767: 5762: 5760:9780415250696 5756: 5752: 5748: 5744: 5737: 5730: 5726: 5722: 5716: 5708: 5704: 5700: 5696: 5692: 5688: 5681: 5666: 5662: 5656: 5641: 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New Haven: 5163: 5159: 5154: 5145: 5136: 5127: 5118: 5109: 5102: 5098: 5094: 5088: 5086: 5076: 5068: 5061: 5053: 5046: 5038: 5032: 5028: 5021: 5013: 5009: 5004: 4999: 4995: 4991: 4987: 4980: 4972: 4970:0-691-01587-2 4966: 4962: 4957: 4956: 4947: 4937: 4933: 4929: 4924: 4919: 4915: 4911: 4907: 4902: 4899: 4894: 4892:9780226293486 4888: 4884: 4879: 4878: 4874: 4867: 4862: 4860:9780226293486 4856: 4852: 4845: 4835: 4833: 4828: 4824: 4819: 4814: 4810: 4806: 4802: 4797: 4794: 4790: 4786: 4782: 4781: 4777: 4767: 4756: 4752: 4748: 4745: 4741: 4737: 4733: 4732: 4728: 4721: 4717: 4715:0-691-01587-2 4711: 4707: 4702: 4701: 4692: 4682: 4677: 4672: 4669: 4667: 4662: 4658: 4654: 4651: 4649: 4643: 4639: 4635: 4632: 4630: 4626: 4620: 4616: 4611: 4606: 4602: 4598: 4594: 4589: 4588: 4584: 4577: 4573: 4569: 4563: 4553: 4548: 4542: 4538: 4533: 4530: 4526: 4524:9780415250696 4520: 4516: 4512: 4508: 4503: 4502: 4498: 4491: 4487: 4485:9780415250696 4481: 4477: 4473: 4469: 4462: 4451: 4447: 4443: 4439: 4435: 4431: 4427: 4425: 4418: 4414: 4410: 4405: 4400: 4396: 4392: 4388: 4383: 4382: 4378: 4371: 4366: 4362: 4356: 4346: 4342: 4340:9780415250696 4336: 4332: 4328: 4324: 4319: 4316: 4312: 4308: 4305:Pratt, Alan. 4303: 4300: 4296: 4292: 4288: 4287: 4283: 4276: 4272: 4267: 4260: 4254: 4248: 4246: 4239: 4232: 4228: 4222: 4215: 4209: 4202: 4196: 4194: 4185: 4181: 4180: 4175: 4171: 4165: 4158: 4157: 4150: 4136: 4132: 4125: 4109: 4105: 4104: 4099: 4092: 4084: 4072: 4068: 4064: 4063: 4056: 4048: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4022: 4014: 4002: 3998: 3994: 3993: 3986: 3984: 3965: 3958: 3957: 3950: 3948: 3928: 3924: 3917: 3910: 3908: 3900: 3896: 3895:Bhikkhu Bodhi 3892: 3887: 3885: 3877: 3873: 3872:Bhikkhu Bodhi 3868: 3852: 3848: 3844: 3838: 3830: 3826: 3822: 3818: 3814: 3810: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3792: 3781: 3777: 3773: 3769: 3765: 3761: 3757: 3753: 3749: 3745: 3741: 3737: 3733: 3729: 3725: 3721: 3716: 3715: 3711: 3703: 3697: 3693: 3686: 3679: 3675: 3671: 3666: 3664: 3662: 3660: 3658: 3650: 3646: 3642: 3636: 3628: 3624: 3619: 3614: 3610: 3606: 3602: 3595: 3585: 3581: 3576: 3573: 3569: 3567:0-691-01587-2 3563: 3559: 3554: 3553: 3546: 3545: 3541: 3533: 3531:9780226293486 3527: 3523: 3516: 3509: 3504: 3500: 3494: 3486: 3485: 3480: 3473: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3449: 3445: 3443:9780199797097 3439: 3436:. Continuum. 3435: 3430: 3429: 3425: 3417: 3415:9783846756454 3411: 3407: 3403: 3399: 3392: 3384: 3376: 3372: 3371: 3365: 3358: 3351: 3347: 3343: 3337: 3321: 3317: 3311: 3309: 3292: 3288: 3282: 3273: 3267: 3252: 3247: 3246: 3241: 3237: 3232: 3225: 3220: 3216: 3212: 3205: 3198: 3194: 3190: 3183: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3156: 3155:Rose, Gillian 3150: 3140: 3136: 3133: 3130: 3129: 3124: 3121: 3118: 3117: 3112: 3109: 3108: 3103: 3096: 3095: 3090: 3085: 3078: 3074: 3069: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3050: 3046: 3040: 3029: 3025: 3020: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2998: 2994: 2992:9780226293486 2988: 2984: 2979: 2978: 2974: 2966: 2964:9780226293486 2960: 2956: 2949: 2938: 2932: 2928: 2923: 2919: 2917:9780226293486 2913: 2909: 2904: 2903: 2899: 2897: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2861: 2859: 2857: 2841: 2837: 2831: 2822: 2816: 2801: 2796: 2795: 2790: 2786: 2781: 2779: 2777: 2765: 2764: 2759: 2754: 2751: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2726: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2710: 2706: 2704:9780415250696 2700: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2683: 2682: 2678: 2670: 2666: 2662: 2658: 2651: 2649: 2647: 2639: 2635: 2629: 2625: 2618: 2611: 2607: 2605:9780415250696 2601: 2597: 2593: 2589: 2582: 2578: 2568: 2563: 2558: 2556: 2546: 2544: 2534: 2533: 2530: 2522: 2519: 2517: 2516: 2512: 2510: 2507: 2505: 2502: 2500: 2497: 2495: 2492: 2490: 2487: 2485: 2484:Postmodernism 2482: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2472: 2470: 2467: 2465: 2462: 2460: 2457: 2455: 2452: 2450: 2447: 2445: 2442: 2440: 2437: 2435: 2432: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2422: 2420: 2417: 2415: 2412: 2410: 2407: 2405: 2402: 2400: 2397: 2395: 2394:Anti-humanism 2392: 2390: 2389:Anti-anti-art 2387: 2385: 2382: 2380: 2377: 2375: 2372: 2370: 2367: 2366: 2359: 2357: 2355: 2349: 2347: 2343: 2339: 2338: 2332: 2330: 2329: 2323: 2320: 2319: 2318:Groundhog Day 2313: 2311: 2307: 2306: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2285: 2283: 2278: 2276: 2275: 2274:Three Sisters 2270: 2269:Anton Chekhov 2266: 2264: 2263: 2259:in his novel 2258: 2257:Ivan Turgenev 2248: 2246: 2245: 2244:modus vivendi 2238: 2236: 2232: 2228: 2227:Café Voltaire 2224: 2220: 2219:Tristan Tzara 2216: 2212: 2211: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2163: 2159: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2133: 2130: 2126: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2107: 2103: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2090: 2086: 2080: 2076: 2075:qualitatively 2072: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2059: 2055: 2052: 2048: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2030: 2025: 2022: 2021: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2006: 2002: 1999: 1995: 1991: 1987: 1983: 1982: 1978: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1966: 1962: 1959: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1939: 1938: 1937: 1934: 1933: 1918: 1911: 1908: 1902: 1900: 1899: 1894: 1883: 1881: 1875: 1873: 1869: 1865: 1863: 1857: 1853: 1844: 1842: 1838: 1833: 1829: 1824: 1820: 1811: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1793: 1787:Postmodernism 1784: 1782: 1778: 1774: 1765: 1763: 1762:Richard Rorty 1759: 1755: 1752:and himself. 1751: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1730:Giorgio Colli 1727: 1723: 1718: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1703: 1701: 1700: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1666:will to power 1663: 1659: 1658: 1652: 1647: 1645: 1640: 1636: 1632: 1623: 1621: 1620: 1615: 1614: 1609: 1608: 1603: 1598: 1593: 1591: 1581: 1577: 1575: 1567: 1564: 1558: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1535: 1533: 1529: 1525: 1524:special place 1521: 1517: 1513: 1512: 1507: 1502: 1501:Stanley Rosen 1498: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1470: 1468: 1467:perspectivism 1464: 1459: 1457: 1453: 1450: 1449:physiological 1445: 1444:Karen L. Carr 1441: 1438: 1432: 1430: 1423: 1419: 1414: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1390: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1375: 1373: 1372: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1353: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1341: 1336: 1335:Ivan Turgenev 1332: 1328: 1324: 1319: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1272:revolutionary 1269: 1262: 1257: 1252: 1242: 1240: 1236: 1231: 1227: 1224: 1220: 1219: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1197: 1193: 1187: 1182: 1180: 1179: 1174: 1168: 1164: 1155: 1150: 1140: 1138: 1137: 1130: 1127: 1123: 1117: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1106: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1079: 1077: 1073: 1072:Ajahn Sumedho 1067: 1064: 1059: 1055: 1048: 1045: 1042: 1039: 1038: 1037: 1034: 1033: 1027: 1025: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1003: 1001: 997: 993: 992:Buddhist monk 989: 985: 981: 980:nonpossession 977: 973: 972: 961: 954: 951: 948: 945: 944: 943: 941: 936: 935: 930: 926: 922: 918: 914: 913: 909: 905: 901: 886: 884: 880: 875: 873: 869: 865: 861: 857: 853: 852:Western world 849: 845: 841: 837: 831: 829: 828: 823: 822:Ivan Turgenev 818: 816: 812: 804: 799: 794: 790: 786: 782: 778: 774: 770: 766: 762: 758: 754: 749: 744: 741: 737: 732: 728: 723: 718: 714: 710: 706: 702: 697: 692: 688: 684: 680: 676: 671: 666: 662: 652: 650: 646: 642: 638: 634: 630: 626: 622: 618: 614: 610: 606: 602: 598: 593: 591: 587: 583: 579: 578:postmodernity 575: 571: 567: 563: 562:arbitrariness 559: 555: 554: 548: 546: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 521: 519: 514: 512: 511: 506: 505:Ivan Turgenev 502: 498: 494: 490: 486: 481: 476: 474: 473: 472: 466: 460: 406: 402: 393: 388: 386: 381: 379: 374: 373: 371: 370: 366: 362: 358: 354: 353: 346: 343: 341: 338: 336: 333: 331: 328: 326: 323: 321: 318: 316: 313: 311: 308: 306: 303: 301: 298: 296: 293: 291: 288: 286: 283: 282: 274: 273: 266: 265:Valuelessness 263: 261: 258: 254: 251: 250: 249: 246: 244: 241: 239: 236: 234: 231: 229: 226: 224: 221: 219: 216: 214: 211: 209: 206: 204: 201: 199: 196: 194: 191: 189: 186: 184: 181: 179: 176: 174: 171: 169: 166: 164: 161: 160: 152: 151: 144: 141: 139: 136: 134: 131: 129: 128:Postmodernism 126: 124: 121: 119: 116: 114: 111: 109: 106: 104: 101: 99: 96: 94: 91: 89: 86: 84: 81: 79: 76: 75: 67: 66: 60: 57: 55: 52: 51: 49: 48: 45: 40: 39: 35: 34: 29: 22: 9678: 9607:Collectivism 9446:Distributism 9431:Conservatism 9426:Confucianism 9346:Centre-right 9206:Antinatalism 9047: 9023:Kovalevskaya 8997: 8946:Metaphysical 8941:Mereological 8895:Nonexistence 8831:Reductionism 8771: 8722: 8708: 8379: 8370:Postcritique 8360:Kyoto School 8319:Posthumanism 8299:Hermeneutics 8154: / 8095:Contemporary 8071:Newtonianism 8034:Cartesianism 7993:Reductionism 7962: 7829:Conservatism 7824:Collectivism 7762: 7490:Sarvāstivadā 7468:Anekantavada 7393:Neoplatonism 7361:Epicureanism 7294:Pythagoreans 7233:Confucianism 7199:Contemporary 7189:Early modern 7093:Anti-realism 7047:Universalism 7004:Subjectivism 6800:Epistemology 6632: 6620: 6607: 6593: 6579: 6571: 6560: 6554:(in Italian) 6525: 6514: 6499: 6495: 6480: 6473: 6458: 6451: 6444: 6430: 6420: 6413: 6406: 6399: 6392: 6381: 6378:Kopić, Mario 6371: 6364: 6357: 6346: 6335: 6320: 6304: 6297: 6287: 6280: 6273: 6266: 6259: 6252: 6245: 6227: 6212: 6193:M. Montinari 6184: 6159: 6147: 6126: 6109: 6090: 6076: 6058: 6047:, New York: 6044: 6016:. Retrieved 6010: 6000: 5983: 5966: 5954:. Retrieved 5944: 5932:. Retrieved 5918: 5909: 5903: 5895: 5890: 5882: 5866: 5861: 5851:September 4, 5849:. Retrieved 5845: 5835: 5826: 5816: 5797: 5791: 5781: 5778:Strauss, Leo 5773: 5764: 5742: 5736: 5728: 5724: 5715: 5690: 5686: 5680: 5669:. Retrieved 5655: 5644:. Retrieved 5624: 5622:"nihilism". 5617: 5609:the original 5599: 5588:. 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Retrieved 2792: 2761: 2748: 2744: 2733: 2730:the original 2723: 2708: 2686: 2677: 2660: 2637: 2623: 2617: 2609: 2587: 2581: 2515:Tao Te Ching 2513: 2419:Dysteleology 2399:Antinatalism 2352: 2350: 2335: 2333: 2326: 2324: 2316: 2314: 2303: 2294: 2291: 2279: 2272: 2267: 2260: 2254: 2242: 2239: 2235:found poetry 2208: 2206: 2166: 2160: 2134: 2124: 2114:expressivism 2098:meta-ethical 2093: 2087: 2062: 2056: 2051:anti-realism 2034: 2027: 2023: 2003: 1979: 1963: 1940: 1930: 1928: 1916: 1904: 1896: 1890: 1877: 1872:legitimation 1860: 1850: 1817: 1790: 1776: 1771: 1719: 1707:Ernst Jünger 1704: 1697: 1689: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1669: 1661: 1656: 1650: 1648: 1643: 1629: 1617: 1611: 1605: 1601: 1596: 1594: 1589: 1586: 1572: 1562: 1560: 1547:Schopenhauer 1538: 1536: 1515: 1509: 1499: 1494: 1486: 1471: 1462: 1460: 1442: 1436: 1433: 1426: 1376: 1369: 1361: 1354: 1345:progressives 1338: 1330: 1320: 1308:aestheticism 1265: 1238: 1226:Christianity 1216: 1209:mass culture 1202: 1191: 1184: 1176: 1171: 1134: 1132: 1119: 1103: 1087: 1085: 1068: 1056: 1052: 1030: 1028: 1018: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1004: 1000:no-thingness 999: 995: 969: 967: 958: 939: 932: 929:micchādiṭṭhi 928: 925:natthikavāda 924: 916: 910: 897: 876: 860:Christianity 856:death of God 843: 835: 825: 819: 781:post-Kantian 747: 745: 686: 685:'. The term 678: 674: 660: 658: 633:metaphysical 594: 592:viewpoints. 551: 549: 537:Christianity 522: 518:human values 515: 508: 477: 468: 404: 403: 401: 238:Nonexistence 133:Reductionism 41: 9709:Regionalism 9654:Imperialism 9617:Culturalism 9612:Colonialism 9542:Nationalism 9463:Familialism 9441:Corporatism 9411:Communalism 9391:Agrarianism 9368:Reactionary 9336:Centre-left 9226:Misanthropy 9116:Kierkegaard 9061:Baudrillard 9018:Dobrolyubov 8976:Therapeutic 8961:Ontological 8931:Existential 8900:Nothingness 8880:God is dead 8801:Fallibilism 8796:Determinism 8786:Agnosticism 8365:Objectivism 8304:Neo-Marxism 8266:Continental 8176:Meta-ethics 8156:Coherentism 8061:Hegelianism 7998:Rationalism 7958:Natural law 7938:Materialism 7864:Historicism 7834:Determinism 7725:Navya-Nyāya 7500:Sautrāntika 7495:Pudgalavada 7431:Vaisheshika 7284:Presocratic 7184:Renaissance 7123:Physicalism 7108:Materialism 7014:Normativity 6999:Objectivism 6984:Emergentism 6974:Behaviorism 6923:Metaphysics 6889:Determinism 6828:Rationalism 6639:BBC Radio 4 6634:In Our Time 5956:January 16, 5934:January 16, 5259:Nietzsche I 4370:absolutism. 4201:Kierkegaard 3901:. Note 425. 3805:Metaphysics 3756:Metaphysics 3326:October 30, 3297:November 4, 3236:Pratt, Alan 2873:(1): 1–16. 2785:Pratt, Alan 2716:Pratt, Alan 2663:: 211–236. 2459:Misanthropy 2379:Agnosticism 2179:demarcation 2155:Leo Strauss 2029:ontological 1974:fallibilism 1887:Baudrillard 1841:ontological 1711:God is dead 1694:metaphysics 1674:metaphysics 1639:Nietzschean 1602:free spirit 1555:nothingness 1543:pessimistic 1532:progressive 1300:metaphysics 1288:materialism 1143:Kierkegaard 1096:rationalism 996:nothingness 988:Ajahn Amaro 976:nothingness 883:theological 701:Middle Ages 683:nothingness 681:, meaning ' 590:irreligious 582:theologians 541:Nietzschean 487:(1998) and 463:; from 325:Kierkegaard 290:Baudrillard 253:of nihilism 243:Nothingness 198:God is dead 98:Determinism 83:Agnosticism 9744:Categories 9724:Syncretism 9714:Separatism 9674:Militarism 9644:Federalism 9530:Monarchism 9510:Liberalism 9401:Capitalism 9351:Right-wing 9121:Mainländer 9086:Dostoevsky 8981:Historical 8971:Scientific 8836:Skepticism 8806:Nominalism 8664:Amerindian 8571:Australian 8510:Vietnamese 8490:Indonesian 8039:Kantianism 7988:Positivism 7978:Pragmatism 7953:Naturalism 7933:Liberalism 7911:Subjective 7849:Empiricism 7753:Avicennism 7698:Bhedabheda 7582:East Asian 7505:Madhyamaka 7485:Abhidharma 7351:Pyrrhonism 7118:Nominalism 7113:Naturalism 7042:Skepticism 7032:Relativism 7022:Absolutism 6951:Naturalism 6861:Deontology 6833:Skepticism 6818:Naturalism 6808:Empiricism 6772:Aesthetics 6676:Philosophy 6629:"Nihilism" 6568:"Nihilism" 6230:, London: 6018:9 November 5924:"Nihilism" 5671:2015-11-03 5646:2016-01-27 5590:2019-12-31 5502:"Nihilism" 5168:. p. xiii. 5036:0791404382 4785:"Nihilism" 4760:August 11, 4638:"Nihilism" 4625:sorokovnik 4568:"Nihilism" 4546:0791404382 4361:"Nihilism" 4307:"Nihilism" 4291:"Nihilism" 4140:2022-07-14 3973:2019-06-24 3676:. Albany: 3641:"Nihilism" 3499:"Nihilism" 3479:"nihilism" 3385:required.) 3364:"nihilism" 3342:"Nihilism" 3287:"Nihility" 3257:2003-08-26 2806:2003-08-26 2758:"nihilism" 2741:"Nihilism" 2720:"Nihilism" 2555:Psychology 2543:Philosophy 2521:Trivialism 2464:Misotheism 2342:black hole 2328:Collateral 2251:Literature 2191:hypothesis 2039:skepticism 1907:apocalypse 1792:Postmodern 1635:postmodern 1607:Übermensch 1566:nihilists. 1491:skepticism 1358:Promethean 1292:positivism 1261:Ilya Repin 1114:revelation 1100:Aufklärung 1076:Ajahn Chah 931:. Various 900:the Buddha 872:Soviet era 842:its name. 832:everything 815:skepticism 769:pejorative 731:nihilismus 727:Late Latin 722:Nihilismus 696:Nihilismus 675:annihilate 667:root word 529:skepticism 525:nominalism 365:navigation 361:philosophy 355:This is a 310:Dostoevsky 138:Skepticism 123:Presentism 108:Nominalism 9704:Reformism 9689:Pluralism 9649:Globalism 9639:Extremism 9574:Third Way 9569:Socialism 9552:Classical 9525:Masculism 9416:Communism 9396:Anarchism 9356:Far-right 9331:Left-wing 9196:Anarchism 9191:Absurdism 9161:Thielicke 9131:Nishitani 9126:Nietzsche 9101:Heidegger 8966:Political 8857:Amorality 8841:Solipsism 8543:Pakistani 8505:Taiwanese 8452:Ethiopian 8425:By region 8411:By region 8226:Scientism 8221:Systemics 8081:Spinozism 8008:Socialism 7943:Modernism 7906:Objective 7814:Anarchism 7748:Averroism 7637:Christian 7589:Neotaoism 7560:Zurvanism 7550:Mithraism 7545:Mazdakism 7316:Cyrenaics 7243:Logicians 6876:Free will 6838:Solipsism 6785:Formalism 6216:, trans. 6164:, trans. 6151:, trans. 5439:Deleuze, 5392:, p. 302. 5353:, p. 268. 5320:, p. 268. 5286:, p. 267. 5012:150893870 4932:150893870 4827:150893870 4619:150893870 4413:150893870 4277:. p. 107. 4273:, et al. 4261:, p. 156. 4203:, p. 289. 3925:(88): 5. 3740:181941969 3627:150893870 3224:moment... 3057:1393-614X 3028:150893870 2574:Citations 2509:Solipsism 2404:Apatheism 2369:Absurdism 2308:and 2000 2207:The term 2147:anarchism 2096:, is the 2043:solipsism 1970:knowledge 1958:cosmicism 1925:Positions 1856:objective 1832:subaltern 1781:Platonism 1670:valuation 1660:. 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