608:
31:
789:
643:
872:
558:
49:
753:
71:
441:
2372:
2305:
485:
posterior to a discal (round) stigma. These are followed distally by a reniform (kidney-shaped) stigma, which is typically oriented with its concave side facing the wing's outer edge. It is often not possible to discern all of the stigmata on all specimens or species. Crossbands or crosslines may be present, oriented longitudinally from the leading to the trailing edge of the wing.
484:
Markings present on the wings of noctuid adults can be helpful in distinguishing species. From the basal location to the outer edge (proximal to distal) on the forewing, there is a claviform (club-shaped) stigma, horizontally oriented with the thicker end closer to the wing's outer edge, located
1868:
A Review of the Higher
Classification of the Noctuoidea (Lepidoptera) With Special Reference to the Holarctic Fauna. Beilage zu Band 11: (Notodontidae, Nolidae, Arctiidae, Lymantriidae, Erebidae, Micronoctuidae, and Noctuidae): Gesamtinhaltsverzeichnis Bände 1-10: Indices Bände
3237:
884:
Many species of owlet moths are considered an agricultural problem around the world. Their larvae are typically known as "cutworms" or "armyworms" due to enormous swarms that destroy crops, orchards and gardens every year. The Old World bollworm
2932:
843:. Most owlet moths have drab colors with a variety of patterns suitable to camouflage their bodies. The second physical defense consists in thousands of secondary setae that surround the body. The subfamilies that present this mechanism are
587:, with an elevation 1,702 m above sea level, where the temperature fluctuates between 23/-25 °C (73/-13 °F). Many species of dart moths have been recorded in elevations as high as 4,000 m above sea level (e.g.
3018:
2328:
2917:
544:" originally means a small or young owl. The names "armyworms" and "cutworms" are based on the behavior of the larvae of this group, which can occur in destructive swarms and cut the stems of plants.
2289:
3193:
3339:
737:
As is common in members of the order
Lepidoptera, courtship in many Noctuidae includes a set of movements in which the female evaluates the male's reproductive fitness.
670:: Caterpillars of most Noctuidae feed on plants; some feed on poisonous plants and are unaffected by their chemical defences; for example, the splendid brocade moth (
412:
are constantly changing, along with the other families of the
Noctuoidea. It was considered the largest family in Lepidoptera for a long time, but after regrouping
2660:
Chapman, Jason W.; Williams, Trevor; MartĂnez, Ana M.; Cisneros, Juan; Caballero, Primitivo; Cave, Ronald D.; Goulson, Dave (1 January 2000). "Does
Cannibalism in
1771:
Regier, Jerome C.; Mitter, Charles; Mitter, Kim; Cummings, Michael P.; Bazinet, Adam L.; Hallwachs, Winifred; Janzen, Daniel H.; Zwick, Andreas (1 January 2017).
744:
that attract the opposite sex. Female pheromones that attract males occur widely and have long been studied, but the study of male pheromones has further to go.
5491:
515:: The pupae most often range from shiny brown to dark brown. When they newly pupate they are bright brownish orange, but after a few days start to get darker.
589:
481:) out of the tympanal cavity. Another characteristic in this group is trifine hindwing venation, by reduction or absence of the second medial vein (M2).
2021:
3094:
1900:
654:
451:: Most noctuid adults have wings with a variety of shades of browns, grays, and other varied shades and colourations but some subfamilies, such as
3149:
5401:
1427:
830:. Finally, the last type of chemical defense is regurgitation of plant compounds, often used by many insects, but the cabbage palm caterpillar (
1575:
1323:
1208:
1131:
291:
241:
954:, the structure of many Lepidoptera groups has been changing and Noctuidae is not an exception. Most recent studies have shown that Noctuidae
5440:
1633:
1618:
1584:
1436:
1312:
1267:
1046:
1651:
1481:
1445:
1356:
1332:
1082:
3216:"A Tale of Two Caterpillars and Reclassification of Cerathosia Smith and Cydosia Duncan [& Westwood] (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)"
3336:
3264:
1463:
1341:
1303:
1199:
1193:
1169:
1064:
990:
283:
278:
257:
2747:
Heath, R. R.; Mclaughlin, J. R.; Proshold, F.; Teal, P. E. A. (1 March 1991). "Periodicity of Female Sex
Pheromone Titer and Release in
1593:
1508:
1490:
1401:
1392:
1285:
1113:
1073:
1022:
225:
196:
607:
5375:
1499:
730:, many species of adult Noctuidae visit flowers for their nectar. They also seek other liquid food resources such as plant juices,
3042:"Incorporation of lyophilized leaves and pods into artificial diets to assess the antibiosis component of resistance to pod borer
802:
This group has a wide range of both chemical and physical defenses. Among the chemical defenses three types stand out. First, the
5414:
3108:
Capinera, John L. (2008). "Variegated
Cutworm, Peridroma saucia (HĂĽbner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)". In Capinera, John L. (ed.).
2855:"The Generalist Inside the Specialist: Gut Bacterial Communities of Two Insect Species Feeding on Toxic Plants Are Dominated by
432:
and 11,772 species. This classification is still contingent, as more changes continue to appear between
Noctuidae and Erebidae.
1914:
Zahiri, Reza; Holloway, Jeremy D.; Kitching, Ian J.; Lafontaine, J. Donald; Mutanen, Marko; Wahlberg, Niklas (1 January 2012).
698:), whose larvae commonly feed on other lepidopteran larvae. Moreover, many noctuid larvae, such as those of the fall armyworm (
3370:
5419:
2116:
3002:
2479:"Additions and corrections to the check list of the Noctuoidea (Insecta, Lepidoptera) of North America north of Mexico III"
1820:
Lafontaine, J. Donald; Fibiger, Michael (1 October 2006). "Revised higher classification of the
Noctuoidea (Lepidoptera)".
803:
2837:
2416:"Additions and corrections to the check list of the Noctuoidea (Insecta, Lepidoptera) of North America north of Mexico"
2110:
1876:
3125:
3012:
2348:
2299:
2015:
1988:
428:, the latter holds this title now. Currently, Noctuidae is the second largest family in Noctuoidea, with about 1,089
970:
have yet to be studied. This taxonomic division represents the subfamilies, tribes and subtribes considered so far.
5499:
5354:
3286:
3041:
692:: During the larval stage, some cutworms readily feed on other insects. One such species is the shivering pinion (
597:, with about 2,522 species. 1,576 species are found in Europe, while the other species are distributed worldwide.
5445:
5367:
5187:
3318:
2138:
Speidel, W.; Naumann, C. M. (2004). "A survey of family-group names in noctuoid moths (Insecta: Lepidoptera)".
5427:
2005:
891:) produces losses in agriculture every year that exceed US$ 2 billion. Additionally, the variegated cutworm (
3278:
629:. Some species have developed a stronger connection with their host plants. For example, the lychnis moth (
3302:
5284:
5251:
5182:
3326:
3145:
908:
571:
5289:
2630:
1773:"Further progress on the phylogeny of Noctuoidea (Insecta: Lepidoptera) using an expanded gene sample"
491:: Commonly green or brown; some species present bright colors, such as the camphorweed cucullia moth (
70:
5504:
5455:
3363:
2209:
2400:
147:
3310:
3294:
30:
469:
called the nodular sclerite or epaulette, which separates the tympanum and the conjunctiva in the
3270:
1973:"Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness"
776:
5481:
770:), which reproduces over the year. Nevertheless, some species have just one brood of offspring (
593:). Among the places where the number of species has been counted are North America and northern
5532:
5204:
429:
2828:
Wagner, David L.; Schweitzer, Dale F.; Sullivan, J. Bolling & Reardon, Richard C. (2011).
2291:
Annotated Check List of the
Noctuoidea (Insecta, Lepidoptera) of North America North of Mexico
1972:
5476:
5406:
4759:
3261:
3088:
461:
5468:
2918:"The eversible cervical gland and the chemical component of its secretion in noctuid larvae"
2046:
537:, and the patronymic suffix -idae used typically to form taxonomic family names in animals.
5323:
3629:
3621:
3612:
3356:
2720:
Birch, Martin (1 May 1970). "Pre-courtship use of abdominal brushes by the nocturnal moth,
2673:
2565:
2486:
2423:
2147:
1927:
1784:
920:
887:
832:
788:
731:
694:
642:
625:
Members of
Noctuidae, like other butterflies and moths, perform an important role in plant
3040:
Narayanamma, V. Lakshmi; Sharma, H. C.; Gowda, C. L. L.; Sriramulu, M. (1 December 2007).
8:
5266:
5242:
4775:
4550:
4542:
2853:
Vilanova, Cristina; Baixeras, JoaquĂn; Latorre, Amparo; Porcar, Manuel (1 January 2016).
2600:
812:
760:
Noctuid moths commonly begin the reproductive season from spring to fall, and mostly are
672:
648:
601:
2677:
2569:
2490:
2427:
2151:
1931:
1788:
5527:
3076:
2893:
2854:
2697:
2689:
2581:
2517:
2478:
2454:
2388:
2359:
2267:
2171:
1953:
1894:
1845:
926:
914:
723:
65:
2733:
404:. Taxonomically, they are considered the most controversial family in the superfamily
5463:
5310:
4120:
3215:
3171:
3121:
3068:
3008:
2983:
2898:
2880:
2833:
2772:
2642:
2577:
2522:
2504:
2459:
2441:
2364:
2344:
2295:
2259:
2251:
2163:
2106:
2011:
1984:
1945:
1940:
1915:
1882:
1872:
1837:
1802:
871:
493:
57:
3080:
2271:
2175:
2102:
Caterpillars of Eastern North America: A Guide to Identification and Natural History
1957:
1849:
863:
available to hear the echolocation spread out by bats, so the moths can avoid them.
5101:
4592:
4151:
3227:
3183:
3117:
3113:
3060:
2973:
2888:
2870:
2764:
2729:
2701:
2681:
2573:
2512:
2494:
2449:
2431:
2415:
2354:
2334:
2243:
2155:
1935:
1829:
1792:
1606:
1557:
1454:
893:
826:
807:
766:
566:
397:
357:
39:
5315:
5256:
4670:
4346:
4223:
4099:
4091:
4057:
4031:
4023:
3690:
3661:
3655:
3646:
3457:
3451:
3439:
3343:
3170:
Keegan, Kevin; Rota, Jadranka; Zahiri, Reza; Zilli, Alberto; et al. (2021).
2100:
1741:
935:
839:
On the other hand, the main physical defense in caterpillars and adults alike is
636:
5432:
2796:
Hampson, 1906 (s. l.) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Cuculliinae). Part II. The genus
1866:
Michael, Fibiger; Donald, Lafontaine, J.; H., Hacker, Hermann (1 January 2005).
557:
5362:
5349:
4891:
4678:
4356:
4281:
4247:
4205:
4130:
4115:
3758:
2247:
1521:
902:
860:
635:) has a strange mutualistic relationship with pink plants or carnation plants (
631:
470:
333:
164:
3348:
3064:
2159:
5521:
5227:
5119:
5044:
4952:
4899:
4878:
4870:
4741:
4621:
4613:
4333:
4215:
4210:
4200:
3979:
3971:
3958:
3950:
3921:
3882:
3750:
3695:
3682:
3673:
3598:
3590:
3581:
3543:
3537:
3525:
3141:
3072:
2987:
2884:
2875:
2776:
2646:
2508:
2499:
2445:
2436:
2339:
2255:
2167:
1949:
1886:
1841:
1806:
1748:
1692:
1091:
956:
700:
678:
617:
576:
530:
2791:
2768:
752:
639:), in that larvae feed on the plant while the adults pollinate the flowers.
48:
5138:
5106:
5088:
5036:
4968:
4928:
4728:
4720:
4686:
4571:
4563:
4384:
4374:
4361:
4315:
4307:
4294:
4286:
4273:
4231:
4192:
4182:
4159:
4138:
4107:
4070:
4062:
4049:
3929:
3877:
3423:
3007:. Vol. 2: Morphology, Physiology, and Development. Walter de Gruyter.
2902:
2526:
2463:
2368:
2263:
1238:
1214:
1158:
1122:
1037:
1013:
1005:
931:
848:
821:
761:
502:
452:
413:
371:
317:
296:
233:
209:
188:
156:
3232:
3188:
2685:
2190:
2074:
716:, aggressively eat their siblings and often other species of caterpillar.
5388:
5276:
5236:
5096:
5054:
4978:
4973:
4944:
4912:
4807:
4748:
4584:
4508:
4500:
4487:
4479:
4450:
4400:
4325:
4239:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4146:
3937:
3872:
3800:
3779:
3771:
3721:
3500:
3494:
3482:
3380:
2978:
2957:
1548:
1294:
1229:
1223:
1178:
1104:
1028:
951:
856:
852:
817:
727:
719:
712:
689:
626:
456:
417:
309:
304:
265:
217:
201:
122:
897:) is described by many as one of the most damaging pests to vegetables.
810:
is also found in a few species of noctuids, including the Spanish moth (
5162:
5070:
5062:
5015:
4999:
4986:
4960:
4936:
4920:
4841:
4828:
4820:
4799:
4791:
4707:
4699:
4642:
4634:
4600:
4458:
4392:
4379:
4351:
4338:
4260:
3887:
3829:
3734:
2693:
2585:
1797:
1772:
1734:
1699:
1530:
1418:
1374:
1347:
1140:
1055:
981:
966:
844:
534:
506:
474:
466:
405:
341:
249:
180:
132:
3146:"Guide to insects, arthropods, and molluscs of northern Dogon country"
964:
group, mainly based on trifine venation. Some clades within Noctuidae
541:
5393:
5336:
5302:
5114:
4857:
4849:
4767:
4442:
4429:
4413:
4265:
4255:
4041:
3908:
3900:
3856:
3742:
3411:
3399:
1727:
1720:
1612:
1539:
1258:
1247:
1187:
1149:
961:
794:
771:
741:
706:
685:
667:
565:
This family is cosmopolitan and can be found worldwide except in the
362:
349:
325:
273:
102:
82:
5380:
5198:
2540:
Bopp, Sigrun; Gottsberger, Gerhard (1 January 2004). "Importance of
2327:
Schmidt, Bjorn Christian; Lafontaine, J. Donald (24 November 2011).
1833:
5341:
5297:
5221:
5007:
4783:
4529:
4521:
4466:
4421:
4078:
3996:
3864:
3729:
3712:
3565:
3417:
1713:
1685:
1678:
1660:
1642:
1624:
1566:
1472:
1407:
1383:
1365:
1276:
999:
425:
421:
2230:
Gyulai, P.; Ronkay, L.; Saldaitis, A. (4 November 2013). "Two new
459:, are very colorful, especially those from tropical regions (e.g.
440:
16:
Type of moths commonly known as owlet moths, cutworms or armyworms
5028:
4660:
4652:
4369:
840:
393:
2477:
Lafontaine, J. Donald; Schmidt, B. Christian (15 October 2015).
1913:
5078:
3405:
3393:
3039:
2956:
Smedley, Scott R.; Ehrhardt, Elizabeth; Eisner, Thomas (1993).
2827:
2659:
2605:, a new species for the Belgian fauna (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)"
1916:"Molecular phylogenetics of Erebidae (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea)"
1706:
594:
584:
112:
92:
2288:
Schmidt, B. Christian; Lafontaine, J. Donald (19 March 2010).
529:
The word Noctuidae is derived from the name of the type genus
497:). Most are pudgy and smooth with rounded short heads and few
2852:
2552:(Caryophyllaceae) as Host Plants of the Parasitic Pollinator
2330:
Contributions to the Systematics of New World Macro-moths III
939:
836:) produces a toxin called toluquinone that deters predators.
580:
498:
488:
478:
448:
409:
5328:
859:. Finally, all adults have another mechanism for defense: a
4802:(gossamer-winged butterflies: blues, coppers and relatives)
2746:
2234:
HĂĽbner, 1818 species from China (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)".
875:
The Old World bollworm caterpillar feeding on a strawberry.
512:
401:
3214:
Wagner, David L.; Keegan, Kevin; Bugh, Valerie G. (2019).
1770:
501:, but there are some exceptions in some subfamilies (e.g.
5023:(daggers, sallows, owlet moths, quakers, cutworms, darts)
3172:"Toward a Stable Global Noctuidae (Lepidoptera) Taxonomy"
2664:(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Reduce the Risk of Predation?".
518:
2207:
1673:
Genera with intervening taxonomy not available include:
950:
Since molecular analysis began to play a larger role in
774:); among the best known is the lesser yellow underwing (
569:. Some species, such as the setaceous Hebrew character (
5010:(underwing, tiger, tussock, litter, snout, owlet moths)
2925:
Transactions of the Lepidopterological Society of Japan
2414:
Lafontaine, Donald; Schmidt, Christian (2 June 2013).
615:
moth caterpillar feeding on the seeds of red campion (
3169:
2955:
2229:
2048:
New Zealand Moths and Butterflies (Macro-Lepidoptera)
682:), a plant that is notoriously toxic to vertebrates.
820:
production, which was thought to be present only in
4461:(castniid moths: giant butterfly-moths, sun moths)
2958:"Defensive Regurgitation by a Noctuid Moth Larva (
521:: Vary in colors, but all have a spherical shape.
2476:
2413:
2326:
2287:
1819:
5519:
3536:
3213:
3053:International Journal of Tropical Insect Science
465:). They are characterized by a structure in the
3450:
3378:
2804:Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
2539:
1865:
3654:
3493:
3093:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of August 2024 (
2757:Annals of the Entomological Society of America
2137:
3589:
3364:
652:) puddling on water from a leaf of firebush (
552:
3523:
3112:. Springer Netherlands. pp. 4038–4041.
1899:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3265:Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
2830:Owlet Caterpillars of Eastern North America
2045:Hudson, G.V. (1898). "I.—The Caradrinina".
4810:(brush-footed, or four-footed butterflies)
3371:
3357:
3337:Images of Noctuidae species in New Zealand
3207:
3163:
3000:
2789:
2628:
47:
29:
3231:
3187:
2977:
2892:
2874:
2516:
2498:
2453:
2435:
2358:
2338:
2068:
2066:
1939:
1861:
1859:
1796:
824:, but later was found in caterpillars of
4989:(hawk moths, sphinx moths and hornworms)
3437:
3107:
2915:
2333:. PenSoft Publishers LTD. pp. 1–4.
2040:
2038:
1964:
930:are major pests of staple crops such as
870:
787:
751:
641:
606:
556:
439:
4786:(whites, yellows, orangetips, sulphurs)
3134:
2003:
5520:
4902:(eggars, snout moths, or lappet moths)
3480:
3220:Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society
2639:Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society
2598:
2098:
2063:
2044:
1971:Zhang, Z.-Q., ed. (23 December 2011).
1856:
5203:
5202:
3563:
3562:
3522:
3479:
3436:
3352:
3330:, Spanish moth or convict caterpillar
3046:(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in chickpea"
2823:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2719:
2715:
2713:
2711:
2283:
2281:
2035:
1970:
5456:cac3b856-64b1-4a3b-af1e-e28278dd15dc
5368:359542dd-2c12-4937-9e62-ed3e5b9bd025
3001:Kristensen, Niels (1 January 2003).
2629:Schweitzer, D. F. (1 January 1979).
2217:E.H. Strickland Entomological Museum
2210:"Butterflies and moths of the Yukon"
2188:
1766:
1764:
804:pyrrolizidine alkaloid sequestration
764:, such as the eastern panthea moth (
734:, dung, urea and mud, among others.
2666:Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
2072:
866:
13:
4424:(carpenter millers, or goat moths)
4341:(burnet, forester, or smoky moths)
2814:
2708:
2278:
2189:Rice, Marlin E. (1 January 2004).
2099:Wagner, David L. (25 April 2010).
900:In West Africa, species including
533:, which is the Latin name for the
14:
5544:
3745:(Amazonian primitive ghost moths)
3254:
3140:
2191:"Armyworm defoliating young corn"
1761:
646:The eight-spotted forester moth (
3176:Insect Systematics and Diversity
3021:from the original on 17 May 2024
2724:(L.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)".
2578:10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12625.x
2375:from the original on 17 May 2024
2308:from the original on 17 May 2024
2119:from the original on 17 May 2024
1941:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2011.00607.x
69:
3761:(African primitive ghost moths)
3240:from the original on 2024-05-17
3196:from the original on 2024-05-17
3152:from the original on 2021-03-07
3101:
3033:
2994:
2966:Psyche: A Journal of Entomology
2949:
2938:from the original on 2024-05-17
2909:
2846:
2783:
2740:
2653:
2622:
2592:
2533:
2470:
2407:
2320:
2223:
2208:Lafontaine, J. D.; Wood, D. M.
2201:
2195:Integrated Crop Management News
2182:
2131:
2051:. London: West, Newman & Co
2024:from the original on 2024-05-17
1871:. Delta-Druck und Verlag Peks.
816:). Another chemical defense is
747:
4065:(Old World spiny-winged moths)
3118:10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_3936
2832:. Princeton University Press.
2635:and other spring caterpillars"
2105:. Princeton University Press.
2092:
2010:. Coronet Books Incorporated.
1997:
1907:
1813:
1561:Eichlin & Cunningham, 1978
1552:Eichlin & Cunningham, 1978
1525:Forbes & Franclemont, 1954
1485:Forbes & Franclemont, 1954
1351:Fibiger & Lafontaine, 2005
1307:Fibiger & Lafontaine, 2005
945:
879:
662:
435:
337:Forbes & Franclemont, 1954
1:
4963:(Kentish glory and relatives)
3782:(New Zealand primitive moths)
3267:Featured Creatures web site:
2734:10.1016/S0003-3472(70)80043-4
1755:
5109:(oriental swallowtail moths)
4387:(planthopper parasite moths)
2140:Systematics and Biodiversity
1251:Kitching & Rawlins, 1998
855:, represented by species of
792:The Spanish moth feeding on
600:
524:
7:
5183:Taxonomy of the Lepidoptera
4770:(American moth-butterflies)
4731:(Old World butterfly-moths)
4710:(picture-winged leaf moths)
3460:(mandibulate archaic moths)
2755:(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)".
2556:(Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)".
740:Most noctuid moths produce
10:
5549:
4681:(tropical fruitworm moths)
4218:(case-bearers, case moths)
3982:(trumpet leaf miner moths)
3737:(swift moths, ghost moths)
3290:, cabbage palm caterpillar
3110:Encyclopedia of Entomology
2294:. PenSoft Publishers LTD.
2248:10.11646/zootaxa.3734.1.12
909:Heliocheilus albipunctella
783:
561:Setaceous Hebrew character
553:Distribution and diversity
547:
5211:
5178:
5159:
5131:
5087:
5053:
4998:
4931:(American silkworm moths)
4911:
4890:
4869:
4840:
4819:
4762:(swallowtail butterflies)
4740:
4719:
4698:
4669:
4651:
4633:
4612:
4583:
4562:
4541:
4520:
4499:
4478:
4441:
4432:(dudgeon carpenter moths)
4412:
4324:
4306:
4191:
4141:(false diamondback moths)
4129:
4090:
4052:(burrowing webworm moths)
4040:
4022:
4018:
3995:
3970:
3949:
3920:
3899:
3855:
3828:
3799:
3770:
3720:
3711:
3681:
3672:
3645:
3620:
3611:
3580:
3576:
3572:
3558:
3532:
3518:
3489:
3475:
3446:
3432:
3388:
3065:10.1017/S1742758407878374
2863:Frontiers in Microbiology
2160:10.1017/S1477200004001409
2007:The Lepidoptera of Israel
2004:Fibiger, Michael (2007).
1822:The Canadian Entomologist
1173:Keegan & Wagner, 2021
1135:Wagner & Keegan, 2021
377:
370:
261:Keegan & Wagner, 2021
245:Wagner & Keegan, 2021
177:
172:
162:
155:
66:Scientific classification
64:
55:
46:
37:
28:
23:
4923:(Australian lappet moth)
3932:(pigmy, or midget moths)
3322:, yellowstriped armyworm
2876:10.3389/fmicb.2016.01005
2599:Jacobs, Maarten (2005).
2500:10.3897/zookeys.527.6151
2437:10.3897/zookeys.264.4443
2340:10.3897/zookeys.149.2383
704:) and of genera such as
444:Noctuidae wings venation
3753:(miniature ghost moths)
3320:Spodoptera ornithogalli
3067:(inactive 2024-08-27).
2792:"Revision of the genus
2728:. 18, Part 2: 310–316.
2631:"Predatory behavior in
1983:. Magnolia Press: 217.
756:Lesser yellow underwing
575:), can be found in the
473:. It functions to keep
5132:Superfamily unassigned
4553:(bristle-legged moths)
4102:(ribbed cocoon makers)
3911:(Andean endemic moths)
3867:(fairy longhorn moths)
3296:Pseudaletia unipuncta,
2722:Phlogophora meticulosa
2079:Identify British Moths
1242:Herrich-Schäffer, 1851
1203:Herrich-Schäffer, 1851
1182:Herrich-Schäffer, 1850
876:
799:
757:
659:
622:
579:, specifically in the
562:
445:
321:Herrich-Schäffer, 1851
287:Herrich-Schäffer, 1851
269:Herrich-Schäffer, 1850
5477:Paleobiology Database
5039:(prominents, kittens)
4574:(fringe-tufted moths)
3630:Acanthopteroctetidae
3622:Acanthopteroctetoidea
3312:Spodoptera frugiperda
3262:University of Florida
3233:10.18473/lepi.73i1.a1
2916:Nakamura, M. (1998).
2769:10.1093/aesa/84.2.182
2686:10.1007/s002650000237
2662:Spodoptera frugiperda
1920:Systematic Entomology
1777:Systematic Entomology
874:
791:
755:
701:Spodoptera frugiperda
645:
610:
583:territory of western
560:
462:Baorisa hieroglyphica
443:
378:About 11,772 species
5363:Fauna Europaea (new)
4551:Schreckensteiniidae
4543:Schreckensteinioidea
4532:(false burnet moths)
4403:(slug, or cup moths)
3961:(Gondwanaland moths)
3940:(white eyecap moths)
3698:(archaic bell moths)
3288:Litoprosopus futilis
3044:Helicoverpa armigera
2960:Litoprosopus futilis
2633:Lithophane querquera
921:Helicoverpa armigera
888:Helicoverpa armigera
833:Litoprosopus futilis
695:Lithophane querquera
676:) feeds on cowbane (
408:because many of the
396:or armyworms, are a
388:, commonly known as
4881:(sack bearer moths)
4603:(false plume moths)
4595:(many-plumed moths)
4453:(little bear moths)
4395:(slug caterpillars)
4250:(long-horned moths)
4234:(grass-miner moths)
3632:(archaic sun moths)
3328:Xanthopastis timais
3306:, southern armyworm
3304:Spodoptera eridania
3282:, hieroglyphic moth
3189:10.1093/isd/ixab005
3004:Handbook of Zoology
2790:Ronkay, L. (2005).
2678:2000BEcoS..48..321C
2603:Lacanobia splendens
2570:2004Oikos.105..221B
2491:2015ZooK..527..127L
2428:2013ZooK..264..227L
2152:2004SyBio...2..191S
1932:2012SysEn..37..102Z
1789:2017SysEn..42...82R
1588:Chou & Lu, 1979
813:Xanthopastis timais
806:usually present in
673:Lacanobia splendens
649:Alypia octomaculata
3342:2015-11-07 at the
2979:10.1155/1993/67950
2749:Heliothis subflexa
2075:"Moths - Glossary"
1798:10.1111/syen.12199
927:Spodoptera exempta
915:Sesamia calamistis
877:
800:
758:
660:
623:
563:
446:
424:within the family
5515:
5514:
5464:Open Tree of Life
5205:Taxon identifiers
5196:
5195:
5174:
5173:
5170:
5169:
5155:
5154:
5151:
5150:
5147:
5146:
5123:
5110:
5074:
5066:
5040:
5032:
5024:
5011:
4990:
4982:
4964:
4956:
4948:
4940:
4932:
4924:
4903:
4882:
4861:
4853:
4832:
4811:
4803:
4795:
4787:
4779:
4771:
4763:
4753:
4732:
4711:
4690:
4689:(fruitworm moths)
4682:
4625:
4604:
4596:
4575:
4554:
4533:
4512:
4491:
4490:(metalmark moths)
4470:
4469:(clearwing moths)
4462:
4454:
4433:
4425:
4404:
4396:
4388:
4365:
4342:
4298:
4290:
4277:
4276:(concealer moths)
4269:
4251:
4243:
4235:
4227:
4219:
4178:
4155:
4152:Glyphipterigidae
4142:
4121:Roeslerstammiidae
4111:
4103:
4082:
4074:
4066:
4053:
3991:
3990:
3983:
3962:
3941:
3933:
3912:
3891:
3868:
3795:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3783:
3762:
3754:
3746:
3738:
3707:
3706:
3699:
3668:
3667:
3641:
3640:
3633:
3607:
3606:
3554:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3538:Heterobathmioidea
3514:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3504:
3471:
3470:
3467:
3466:
3461:
3280:Diphthera festiva
1665:
1656:
1647:
1638:
1629:
1598:
1589:
1580:
1571:
1562:
1553:
1544:
1535:
1526:
1513:
1504:
1495:
1486:
1477:
1468:
1459:
1450:
1441:
1432:
1423:
1412:
1397:
1388:
1379:
1370:
1361:
1352:
1337:
1328:
1317:
1308:
1299:
1290:
1281:
1272:
1263:
1252:
1243:
1234:
1219:
1204:
1183:
1174:
1163:
1154:
1145:
1136:
1127:
1118:
1109:
1096:
1087:
1078:
1069:
1060:
1051:
1042:
1033:
1018:
995:
986:
977:
974:Family Noctuidae
590:Xestia elisabetha
540:The common name "
494:Cucullia alfarata
382:
381:
354:
346:
338:
330:
322:
314:
301:
288:
270:
262:
254:
246:
238:
230:
222:
214:
206:
193:
185:
151:
58:Panthea coenobita
5540:
5508:
5507:
5495:
5494:
5485:
5484:
5472:
5471:
5459:
5458:
5449:
5448:
5436:
5435:
5433:NBNSYS0000160526
5423:
5422:
5410:
5409:
5397:
5396:
5384:
5383:
5371:
5370:
5358:
5357:
5345:
5344:
5332:
5331:
5319:
5318:
5306:
5305:
5293:
5292:
5280:
5279:
5270:
5269:
5260:
5259:
5247:
5246:
5245:
5232:
5231:
5230:
5200:
5199:
5122:(geometer moths)
5121:
5108:
5102:Pseudobistonidae
5072:
5064:
5038:
5030:
5022:
5009:
4988:
4980:
4962:
4954:
4946:
4938:
4930:
4922:
4901:
4880:
4859:
4851:
4830:
4809:
4801:
4793:
4785:
4777:
4769:
4761:
4752:
4745:
4730:
4709:
4688:
4680:
4623:
4602:
4594:
4573:
4552:
4531:
4510:
4489:
4468:
4460:
4452:
4431:
4423:
4402:
4394:
4386:
4363:
4340:
4296:
4288:
4275:
4267:
4249:
4241:
4233:
4225:
4224:Cosmopterigidae
4217:
4176:
4153:
4140:
4109:
4101:
4100:Bucculatricidae
4080:
4072:
4064:
4051:
4020:
4019:
4016:
4015:
3981:
3960:
3939:
3931:
3910:
3889:
3866:
3853:
3852:
3826:
3825:
3781:
3760:
3752:
3744:
3736:
3718:
3717:
3697:
3679:
3678:
3652:
3651:
3631:
3618:
3617:
3587:
3586:
3578:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3560:
3559:
3544:Heterobathmiidae
3534:
3533:
3520:
3519:
3502:
3491:
3490:
3477:
3476:
3459:
3458:Micropterigidae
3452:Micropterigoidea
3448:
3447:
3434:
3433:
3373:
3366:
3359:
3350:
3349:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3235:
3211:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3191:
3167:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3138:
3132:
3131:
3105:
3099:
3098:
3092:
3084:
3059:(3–4): 191–198.
3050:
3037:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3026:
2998:
2992:
2991:
2981:
2972:(3–4): 209–221.
2953:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2943:
2937:
2922:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2896:
2878:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2825:
2812:
2811:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2744:
2738:
2737:
2726:Animal Behaviour
2717:
2706:
2705:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2626:
2620:
2619:
2609:
2596:
2590:
2589:
2542:Silene latifolia
2537:
2531:
2530:
2520:
2502:
2485:(527): 127–147.
2474:
2468:
2467:
2457:
2439:
2422:(264): 227–236.
2411:
2405:
2404:
2398:
2394:
2392:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2362:
2342:
2324:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2313:
2285:
2276:
2275:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2214:
2205:
2199:
2198:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2070:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2042:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1968:
1962:
1961:
1943:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1898:
1890:
1863:
1854:
1853:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1800:
1768:
1663:
1654:
1645:
1636:
1627:
1596:
1587:
1578:
1569:
1560:
1558:Argyrogrammatini
1551:
1542:
1533:
1524:
1511:
1502:
1493:
1484:
1475:
1466:
1457:
1455:Pseudeustrotiini
1448:
1439:
1430:
1421:
1410:
1395:
1386:
1377:
1368:
1359:
1350:
1335:
1326:
1315:
1306:
1297:
1288:
1279:
1270:
1261:
1250:
1241:
1232:
1217:
1202:
1181:
1172:
1161:
1152:
1143:
1134:
1125:
1116:
1107:
1094:
1085:
1076:
1067:
1058:
1049:
1040:
1031:
1016:
993:
984:
975:
894:Peridroma saucia
867:Human importance
827:Trachosea champa
767:Panthea furcilla
567:Antarctic region
352:
344:
336:
328:
320:
312:
299:
286:
268:
260:
252:
244:
236:
228:
220:
212:
204:
191:
183:
146:
74:
73:
51:
40:Amphipoea oculea
33:
21:
20:
5548:
5547:
5543:
5542:
5541:
5539:
5538:
5537:
5518:
5517:
5516:
5511:
5503:
5498:
5490:
5488:
5480:
5475:
5467:
5462:
5454:
5452:
5444:
5439:
5431:
5426:
5418:
5413:
5405:
5400:
5392:
5387:
5379:
5374:
5366:
5361:
5353:
5348:
5340:
5335:
5327:
5322:
5314:
5309:
5301:
5296:
5288:
5283:
5275:
5273:
5265:
5263:
5255:
5250:
5241:
5240:
5235:
5226:
5225:
5220:
5207:
5197:
5192:
5188:Lists by region
5166:
5165:is not a clade.
5161:Note: division
5143:
5127:
5083:
5049:
4994:
4955:(Dryandra moth)
4947:(Brahmin moths)
4907:
4886:
4865:
4836:
4815:
4746:
4744:
4736:
4715:
4694:
4679:Copromorphidae
4671:Copromorphoidea
4665:
4647:
4629:
4608:
4579:
4558:
4537:
4516:
4511:(tortrix moths)
4495:
4474:
4437:
4408:
4364:(flannel moths)
4347:Himantopteridae
4320:
4302:
4248:Lecithoceridae
4242:(twirler moths)
4187:
4125:
4110:(Douglas moths)
4092:Gracillarioidea
4086:
4073:(bagworm moths)
4058:Arrhenophanidae
4036:
4024:Simaethistoidea
4010:
4008:
4006:
4004:
4002:
4000:
3998:
3987:
3966:
3945:
3916:
3895:
3847:
3845:
3843:
3841:
3839:
3837:
3835:
3833:
3831:
3820:
3818:
3816:
3814:
3812:
3810:
3808:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3787:
3780:Mnesarchaeidae
3772:Mnesarchaeoidea
3766:
3759:Prototheoridae
3703:
3691:Aenigmatineidae
3664:
3656:Lophocoronoidea
3637:
3603:
3568:
3546:
3528:
3526:Heterobathmiina
3506:
3501:Agathiphagidae
3495:Agathiphagoidea
3485:
3463:
3442:
3428:
3384:
3377:
3344:Wayback Machine
3314:, fall armyworm
3274:, black cutworm
3272:Agrotis ipsilon
3257:
3252:
3243:
3241:
3212:
3208:
3199:
3197:
3168:
3164:
3155:
3153:
3139:
3135:
3128:
3106:
3102:
3086:
3085:
3048:
3038:
3034:
3024:
3022:
3015:
2999:
2995:
2954:
2950:
2941:
2939:
2935:
2920:
2914:
2910:
2851:
2847:
2840:
2826:
2815:
2788:
2784:
2745:
2741:
2718:
2709:
2658:
2654:
2627:
2623:
2607:
2597:
2593:
2554:Hadena bicruris
2538:
2534:
2475:
2471:
2412:
2408:
2396:
2395:
2386:
2385:
2378:
2376:
2351:
2325:
2321:
2311:
2309:
2302:
2286:
2279:
2228:
2224:
2212:
2206:
2202:
2187:
2183:
2136:
2132:
2122:
2120:
2113:
2097:
2093:
2083:
2081:
2073:Rackham, Tony.
2071:
2064:
2054:
2052:
2043:
2036:
2027:
2025:
2018:
2002:
1998:
1991:
1969:
1965:
1912:
1908:
1892:
1891:
1879:
1864:
1857:
1834:10.4039/n06-012
1818:
1814:
1769:
1762:
1758:
1597:Boisduval, 1828
1570:Boisduval, 1828
1543:Boisduval, 1828
1411:Latreille, 1809
1387:Latreille, 1809
1316:Boisduval, 1840
1298:Boisduval, 1840
1262:Latreille, 1809
1233:Boisduval, 1828
1032:Boisduval, 1833
976:Latreille, 1809
948:
882:
869:
851:. The third is
786:
750:
665:
637:Caryophyllaceae
632:Hadena bicruris
605:
572:Xestia c-nigrum
555:
550:
527:
438:
353:Boisduval, 1828
329:Latreille, 1809
313:Boisduval, 1828
205:Boisduval, 1833
168:
145:
68:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5546:
5536:
5535:
5530:
5513:
5512:
5510:
5509:
5496:
5486:
5473:
5460:
5450:
5437:
5424:
5411:
5398:
5385:
5372:
5359:
5350:Fauna Europaea
5346:
5333:
5320:
5307:
5294:
5281:
5271:
5261:
5248:
5233:
5217:
5215:
5209:
5208:
5194:
5193:
5191:
5190:
5185:
5179:
5176:
5175:
5172:
5171:
5168:
5167:
5160:
5157:
5156:
5153:
5152:
5149:
5148:
5145:
5144:
5142:
5141:
5135:
5133:
5129:
5128:
5126:
5125:
5117:
5112:
5104:
5099:
5093:
5091:
5085:
5084:
5082:
5081:
5076:
5068:
5059:
5057:
5051:
5050:
5048:
5047:
5042:
5034:
5026:
5018:
5013:
5004:
5002:
4996:
4995:
4993:
4992:
4984:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4958:
4950:
4942:
4934:
4926:
4917:
4915:
4909:
4908:
4906:
4905:
4900:Lasiocampidae
4896:
4894:
4892:Lasiocampoidea
4888:
4887:
4885:
4884:
4875:
4873:
4867:
4866:
4864:
4863:
4855:
4846:
4844:
4838:
4837:
4835:
4834:
4825:
4823:
4817:
4816:
4814:
4813:
4805:
4797:
4789:
4781:
4773:
4765:
4756:
4754:
4738:
4737:
4735:
4734:
4725:
4723:
4717:
4716:
4714:
4713:
4704:
4702:
4696:
4695:
4693:
4692:
4684:
4675:
4673:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4663:
4657:
4655:
4649:
4648:
4646:
4645:
4639:
4637:
4635:Whalleyanoidea
4631:
4630:
4628:
4627:
4622:Pterophoridae
4618:
4616:
4614:Pterophoroidea
4610:
4609:
4607:
4606:
4598:
4589:
4587:
4581:
4580:
4578:
4577:
4568:
4566:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4556:
4547:
4545:
4539:
4538:
4536:
4535:
4526:
4524:
4518:
4517:
4515:
4514:
4505:
4503:
4497:
4496:
4494:
4493:
4484:
4482:
4476:
4475:
4473:
4472:
4464:
4456:
4447:
4445:
4439:
4438:
4436:
4435:
4427:
4418:
4416:
4410:
4409:
4407:
4406:
4398:
4390:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:Megalopygidae
4359:
4357:Somabrachyidae
4354:
4349:
4344:
4336:
4330:
4328:
4322:
4321:
4319:
4318:
4312:
4310:
4304:
4303:
4301:
4300:
4297:(timber moths)
4292:
4289:(flower moths)
4284:
4282:Pterolonchidae
4279:
4271:
4268:(mompha moths)
4263:
4258:
4253:
4245:
4237:
4229:
4226:(cosmet moths)
4221:
4216:Coleophoridae
4213:
4208:
4206:Batrachedridae
4203:
4197:
4195:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4185:
4180:
4177:(ermine moths)
4175:Yponomeutidae
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4149:
4144:
4135:
4133:
4131:Yponomeutoidea
4127:
4126:
4124:
4123:
4118:
4116:Gracillariidae
4113:
4105:
4096:
4094:
4088:
4087:
4085:
4084:
4081:(fungus moths)
4076:
4068:
4060:
4055:
4046:
4044:
4038:
4037:
4035:
4034:
4032:Simaethistidae
4028:
4026:
4013:
3993:
3992:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3985:
3976:
3974:
3968:
3967:
3965:
3964:
3959:Palaephatidae
3955:
3953:
3951:Palaephatoidea
3947:
3946:
3944:
3943:
3935:
3926:
3924:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3905:
3903:
3897:
3896:
3894:
3893:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3861:
3859:
3850:
3823:
3797:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3789:
3788:
3786:
3785:
3776:
3774:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3764:
3756:
3751:Palaeosetidae
3748:
3740:
3732:
3726:
3724:
3715:
3709:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3701:
3696:Neopseustidae
3693:
3687:
3685:
3683:Neopseustoidea
3676:
3670:
3669:
3666:
3665:
3662:Lophocoronidae
3660:
3658:
3649:
3643:
3642:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3635:
3626:
3624:
3615:
3609:
3608:
3605:
3604:
3602:
3601:
3595:
3593:
3591:Eriocranioidea
3584:
3570:
3569:
3556:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3548:
3547:
3542:
3540:
3530:
3529:
3516:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3508:
3507:
3499:
3497:
3487:
3486:
3473:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3465:
3464:
3456:
3454:
3444:
3443:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3426:
3420:
3414:
3408:
3402:
3396:
3389:
3386:
3385:
3376:
3375:
3368:
3361:
3353:
3347:
3346:
3334:
3333:
3332:
3324:
3316:
3308:
3300:
3292:
3284:
3276:
3256:
3255:External links
3253:
3251:
3250:
3206:
3162:
3142:Heath, Jeffrey
3133:
3126:
3100:
3032:
3013:
2993:
2948:
2908:
2845:
2839:978-0691150420
2838:
2813:
2782:
2763:(2): 182–189.
2739:
2707:
2672:(4): 321–327.
2652:
2621:
2591:
2564:(2): 221–228.
2532:
2469:
2406:
2397:|journal=
2349:
2319:
2300:
2277:
2222:
2200:
2181:
2146:(2): 191–221.
2130:
2112:978-1400834143
2111:
2091:
2062:
2034:
2016:
1996:
1989:
1963:
1926:(1): 102–124.
1906:
1878:978-3938249017
1877:
1855:
1828:(5): 610–635.
1812:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1752:
1745:
1738:
1731:
1724:
1717:
1710:
1703:
1696:
1689:
1682:
1671:
1670:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1657:
1648:
1639:
1637:Mustelin, 2006
1621:
1609:
1603:
1602:
1601:
1600:
1599:
1590:
1581:
1579:Kitching, 1987
1563:
1554:
1536:
1527:
1522:Oncocnemidinae
1518:
1517:
1516:
1515:
1514:
1505:
1496:
1487:
1469:
1460:
1451:
1442:
1433:
1424:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1404:
1398:
1380:
1371:
1362:
1353:
1344:
1338:
1329:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1309:
1291:
1282:
1273:
1255:
1254:
1253:
1235:
1226:
1220:
1211:
1205:
1196:
1190:
1184:
1175:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1155:
1137:
1128:
1119:
1110:
1101:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1097:
1088:
1079:
1070:
1052:
1034:
1025:
1019:
1010:
1009:
1008:
1002:
996:
978:
947:
944:
903:Busseola fusca
881:
878:
868:
865:
861:tympanal organ
785:
782:
749:
746:
664:
661:
655:Croton lucidus
604:
599:
554:
551:
549:
546:
526:
523:
471:tympanal organ
437:
434:
380:
379:
375:
374:
368:
367:
366:
365:
360:
355:
347:
339:
334:Oncocnemidinae
331:
323:
315:
307:
302:
294:
289:
281:
276:
271:
263:
255:
247:
239:
231:
223:
215:
207:
199:
194:
186:
175:
174:
170:
169:
165:Noctua pronuba
160:
159:
153:
152:
140:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
110:
106:
105:
100:
96:
95:
90:
86:
85:
80:
76:
75:
62:
61:
53:
52:
44:
43:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5545:
5534:
5533:Moth families
5531:
5529:
5526:
5525:
5523:
5506:
5501:
5497:
5493:
5487:
5483:
5478:
5474:
5470:
5465:
5461:
5457:
5451:
5447:
5442:
5438:
5434:
5429:
5425:
5421:
5416:
5412:
5408:
5403:
5399:
5395:
5390:
5386:
5382:
5377:
5373:
5369:
5364:
5360:
5356:
5351:
5347:
5343:
5338:
5334:
5330:
5325:
5321:
5317:
5312:
5308:
5304:
5299:
5295:
5291:
5286:
5282:
5278:
5272:
5268:
5262:
5258:
5253:
5249:
5244:
5238:
5234:
5229:
5223:
5219:
5218:
5216:
5214:
5210:
5206:
5201:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5180:
5177:
5164:
5158:
5140:
5137:
5136:
5134:
5130:
5124:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5107:Epicopeiidae
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5094:
5092:
5090:
5086:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5069:
5067:
5061:
5060:
5058:
5056:
5052:
5046:
5045:Oenosandridae
5043:
5041:
5037:Notodontidae
5035:
5033:
5027:
5025:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5006:
5005:
5003:
5001:
4997:
4991:
4985:
4983:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4959:
4957:
4951:
4949:
4943:
4941:
4935:
4933:
4929:Apatelodidae
4927:
4925:
4919:
4918:
4916:
4914:
4910:
4904:
4898:
4897:
4895:
4893:
4889:
4883:
4879:Mimallonidae
4877:
4876:
4874:
4872:
4871:Mimallonoidea
4868:
4862:
4856:
4854:
4852:(snout moths)
4848:
4847:
4845:
4843:
4839:
4833:
4827:
4826:
4824:
4822:
4818:
4812:
4806:
4804:
4798:
4796:
4790:
4788:
4782:
4780:
4774:
4772:
4766:
4764:
4760:Papilionidae
4758:
4757:
4755:
4750:
4743:
4742:Papilionoidea
4739:
4733:
4729:Callidulidae
4727:
4726:
4724:
4722:
4721:Calliduloidea
4718:
4712:
4706:
4705:
4703:
4701:
4697:
4691:
4687:Carposinidae
4685:
4683:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4672:
4668:
4662:
4659:
4658:
4656:
4654:
4650:
4644:
4643:Whalleyanidae
4641:
4640:
4638:
4636:
4632:
4626:
4624:(plume moths)
4620:
4619:
4617:
4615:
4611:
4605:
4599:
4597:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4586:
4582:
4576:
4572:Epermeniidae
4570:
4569:
4567:
4565:
4564:Epermenioidea
4561:
4555:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4544:
4540:
4534:
4528:
4527:
4525:
4523:
4519:
4513:
4507:
4506:
4504:
4502:
4498:
4492:
4486:
4485:
4483:
4481:
4477:
4471:
4465:
4463:
4457:
4455:
4449:
4448:
4446:
4444:
4440:
4434:
4430:Dudgeoneidae
4428:
4426:
4420:
4419:
4417:
4415:
4411:
4405:
4399:
4397:
4391:
4389:
4385:Epipyropidae
4383:
4381:
4380:Cyclotornidae
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4337:
4335:
4334:Heterogynidae
4332:
4331:
4329:
4327:
4323:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4311:
4309:
4308:Galacticoidea
4305:
4299:
4295:Xyloryctidae
4293:
4291:
4287:Scythrididae
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4274:Oecophoridae
4272:
4270:
4264:
4262:
4261:Metachandidae
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4246:
4244:
4238:
4236:
4232:Elachistidae
4230:
4228:
4222:
4220:
4214:
4212:
4211:Blastobasidae
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4201:Autostichidae
4199:
4198:
4196:
4194:
4190:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4154:(sedge moths)
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4139:Acrolepiidae
4137:
4136:
4134:
4132:
4128:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4108:Douglasiidae
4106:
4104:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4093:
4089:
4083:
4077:
4075:
4069:
4067:
4063:Eriocottidae
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4050:Acrolophidae
4048:
4047:
4045:
4043:
4039:
4033:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4025:
4021:
4017:
4014:
4012:
3994:
3984:
3980:Tischeriidae
3978:
3977:
3975:
3973:
3972:Tischerioidea
3969:
3963:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3952:
3948:
3942:
3936:
3934:
3930:Nepticulidae
3928:
3927:
3925:
3923:
3922:Nepticuloidea
3919:
3913:
3909:Andesianidae
3907:
3906:
3904:
3902:
3901:Andesianoidea
3898:
3892:
3890:(yucca moths)
3886:
3884:
3883:Incurvariidae
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3863:
3862:
3860:
3858:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3798:
3784:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3773:
3769:
3763:
3757:
3755:
3749:
3747:
3743:Neotheoridae
3741:
3739:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3723:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3710:
3700:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3684:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3671:
3663:
3659:
3657:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3647:Lophocoronina
3644:
3634:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3623:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3613:Acanthoctesia
3610:
3600:
3599:Eriocraniidae
3597:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3579:
3575:
3571:
3567:
3561:
3557:
3545:
3541:
3539:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3521:
3517:
3505:
3503:(kauri moths)
3498:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3478:
3474:
3462:
3455:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3435:
3431:
3425:
3421:
3419:
3415:
3413:
3409:
3407:
3403:
3401:
3397:
3395:
3391:
3390:
3387:
3382:
3374:
3369:
3367:
3362:
3360:
3355:
3354:
3351:
3345:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3331:
3329:
3325:
3323:
3321:
3317:
3315:
3313:
3309:
3307:
3305:
3301:
3299:
3298:true armyworm
3297:
3293:
3291:
3289:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3277:
3275:
3273:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3259:
3258:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3210:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3166:
3151:
3147:
3143:
3137:
3129:
3127:9781402062421
3123:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3104:
3096:
3090:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3047:
3045:
3036:
3020:
3016:
3014:9783110893724
3010:
3006:
3005:
2997:
2989:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2961:
2952:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2919:
2912:
2904:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2858:
2849:
2841:
2835:
2831:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2818:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2799:
2795:
2786:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2743:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2656:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2634:
2625:
2617:
2613:
2606:
2604:
2595:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2536:
2528:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2473:
2465:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2410:
2402:
2390:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2352:
2350:9789546426185
2346:
2341:
2336:
2332:
2331:
2323:
2307:
2303:
2301:9789546425355
2297:
2293:
2292:
2284:
2282:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2242:(1): 96–100.
2241:
2237:
2233:
2226:
2218:
2211:
2204:
2196:
2192:
2185:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2134:
2118:
2114:
2108:
2104:
2103:
2095:
2080:
2076:
2069:
2067:
2050:
2049:
2041:
2039:
2023:
2019:
2017:9789546422880
2013:
2009:
2008:
2000:
1992:
1990:9781869778491
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1967:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1910:
1902:
1896:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1874:
1870:
1862:
1860:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1816:
1808:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1767:
1765:
1760:
1751:
1750:
1749:Pseudluperina
1746:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1737:
1736:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1688:
1687:
1683:
1681:
1680:
1676:
1675:
1674:
1662:
1658:
1653:
1649:
1644:
1640:
1635:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1620:
1616:
1615:
1614:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1595:
1591:
1586:
1582:
1577:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1559:
1555:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1532:
1528:
1523:
1519:
1510:
1506:
1501:
1497:
1492:
1488:
1483:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1465:
1461:
1456:
1452:
1447:
1443:
1438:
1434:
1431:Hampson, 1918
1429:
1428:Phlogophorini
1425:
1420:
1416:
1409:
1405:
1403:
1399:
1394:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1372:
1367:
1363:
1358:
1354:
1349:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1321:
1314:
1310:
1305:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1283:
1278:
1274:
1269:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1249:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1231:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1216:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1197:
1195:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1180:
1176:
1171:
1167:
1160:
1156:
1151:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1120:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1102:
1093:
1092:Triocnemidina
1089:
1084:
1080:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
1001:
997:
992:
988:
987:
983:
979:
973:
972:
971:
969:
968:
963:
959:
958:
957:sensu stricto
953:
943:
941:
937:
933:
929:
928:
923:
922:
917:
916:
911:
910:
905:
904:
898:
896:
895:
890:
889:
873:
864:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
837:
835:
834:
829:
828:
823:
819:
815:
814:
809:
805:
797:
796:
790:
781:
779:
778:
773:
769:
768:
763:
754:
745:
743:
738:
735:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
715:
714:
709:
708:
703:
702:
697:
696:
691:
687:
683:
681:
680:
679:Cicuta virosa
675:
674:
669:
657:
656:
651:
650:
644:
640:
638:
634:
633:
628:
620:
619:
618:Silene dioica
614:
609:
603:
598:
596:
592:
591:
586:
582:
578:
577:Arctic Circle
574:
573:
568:
559:
545:
543:
538:
536:
532:
522:
520:
516:
514:
510:
508:
504:
500:
496:
495:
490:
486:
482:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
463:
458:
454:
450:
442:
433:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
376:
373:
369:
364:
361:
359:
356:
351:
348:
343:
340:
335:
332:
327:
324:
319:
316:
311:
308:
306:
303:
298:
295:
293:
290:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
267:
264:
259:
256:
251:
248:
243:
240:
235:
232:
227:
224:
219:
216:
211:
208:
203:
200:
198:
195:
190:
187:
182:
179:
178:
176:
171:
167:
166:
161:
158:
154:
149:
144:
141:
138:
137:
134:
131:
129:Superfamily:
128:
127:
124:
121:
118:
117:
114:
111:
108:
107:
104:
101:
98:
97:
94:
91:
88:
87:
84:
81:
78:
77:
72:
67:
63:
60:
59:
54:
50:
45:
42:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
5212:
5139:Millieriidae
5120:Geometridae
5089:Geometroidea
5073:(gold moths)
5031:(tuft moths)
5020:
4981:(saturniids)
4979:Saturniidae
4969:Eupterotidae
4953:Carthaeidae
4945:Brahmaeidae
4939:(silk moths)
4860:(grass moth)
4831:(teak moths)
4808:Nymphalidae
4794:(metalmarks)
4776:Hesperiidae
4509:Tortricidae
4501:Tortricoidea
4488:Choreutidae
4480:Choreutoidea
4451:Brachodidae
4401:Limacodidae
4375:Anomoeotidae
4316:Galacticidae
4240:Gelechiidae
4193:Gelechioidea
4183:Ypsolophidae
4160:Heliodinidae
3938:Opostegidae
3878:Heliozelidae
3730:Anomosetidae
3674:Neopseustina
3424:Holometabola
3422:Superorder:
3416:Infraclass:
3327:
3319:
3311:
3303:
3295:
3287:
3279:
3271:
3242:. Retrieved
3223:
3219:
3209:
3198:. Retrieved
3179:
3175:
3165:
3154:. Retrieved
3136:
3109:
3103:
3089:cite journal
3056:
3052:
3043:
3035:
3023:. Retrieved
3003:
2996:
2969:
2965:
2959:
2951:
2940:. Retrieved
2928:
2924:
2911:
2866:
2862:
2857:Enterococcus
2856:
2848:
2829:
2807:
2803:
2797:
2793:
2785:
2760:
2756:
2753:H. virescens
2752:
2748:
2742:
2725:
2721:
2669:
2665:
2661:
2655:
2638:
2632:
2624:
2615:
2611:
2602:
2594:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2535:
2482:
2472:
2419:
2409:
2377:. Retrieved
2329:
2322:
2310:. Retrieved
2290:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2225:
2216:
2203:
2194:
2184:
2143:
2139:
2133:
2121:. Retrieved
2101:
2094:
2082:. Retrieved
2078:
2053:. Retrieved
2047:
2026:. Retrieved
2006:
1999:
1980:
1976:
1966:
1923:
1919:
1909:
1867:
1825:
1821:
1815:
1783:(1): 82–93.
1780:
1776:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1726:
1719:
1712:
1705:
1698:
1691:
1684:
1677:
1672:
1576:Autoplusiina
1512:Guenée, 1837
1494:Guenée, 1852
1476:Guenée, 1837
1449:Forbes, 1954
1422:Guenée, 1837
1396:Harris, 1841
1378:Guenée, 1837
1369:Guenée, 1837
1360:Guenée, 1852
1327:Forbes, 1954
1324:Dypterygiini
1280:Guenée, 1841
1239:Metoponiinae
1215:Eustrotiinae
1209:Eucocytiinae
1159:Leuconyctini
1132:Cobubathinae
1126:Guenée, 1852
1123:Bryophilinae
1050:Guenée, 1837
1041:Guenée, 1837
1038:Amphipyrinae
1017:Harris, 1841
1014:Acronictinae
1006:Chamaecleini
994:Guenée, 1841
985:Guenée, 1841
965:
962:monophyletic
955:
949:
932:pearl millet
925:
919:
913:
907:
901:
899:
892:
886:
883:
849:Acronictinae
838:
831:
825:
822:Notodontidae
811:
801:
793:
777:Noctua comes
775:
765:
762:multivoltine
759:
748:Reproduction
739:
736:
726:: Like many
718:
711:
705:
699:
693:
684:
677:
671:
666:
653:
647:
630:
624:
616:
612:
588:
570:
564:
539:
528:
517:
511:
503:Acronictinae
492:
487:
483:
460:
453:Acronictinae
447:
414:Lymantriinae
389:
385:
383:
318:Metoponiinae
297:Eustrotiinae
292:Eucocytiinae
242:Cobubathinae
237:Guenée, 1852
234:Bryophilinae
213:Guenée, 1837
210:Amphipyrinae
192:Harris, 1841
189:Acronictinae
184:Guenée, 1841
173:Subfamilies
163:
157:Type species
142:
56:
38:
24:Owlet moths
18:
5389:iNaturalist
5237:Wikispecies
5097:Sematuridae
5071:Cimeliidae
5065:(hook-tips)
5063:Drepanidae
5055:Drepanoidea
4987:Sphingidae
4974:Phiditiidae
4961:Endromidae
4937:Bombycidae
4921:Anthelidae
4913:Bombycoidea
4829:Hyblaeidae
4821:Hyblaeoidea
4800:Lycaenidae
4792:Riodinidae
4749:butterflies
4708:Thyrididae
4700:Thyridoidea
4601:Tineodidae
4593:Alucitidae
4585:Alucitoidea
4459:Castniidae
4393:Dalceridae
4339:Zygaenidae
4326:Zygaenoidea
4170:Plutellidae
4165:Lyonetiidae
4147:Bedelliidae
3888:Prodoxidae
3873:Cecidosidae
3735:Hepialidae
3722:Hepialoidea
3440:Zeugloptera
3381:Lepidoptera
2798:Lophoterges
2794:Lophoterges
2618:(3): 83–85.
1664:Grote, 1882
1655:Poole, 1995
1646:Poole, 1995
1634:Annaphilina
1628:Grote, 1882
1619:Annaphilini
1585:Euchalciina
1549:Abrostolini
1534:Smith, 1898
1503:Crumb, 1956
1440:Poole, 1995
1437:Phosphilini
1313:Caradrinina
1295:Caradrinini
1289:Grote, 1883
1268:Actinotiini
1230:Heliothinae
1224:Grotellinae
1218:Grote, 1882
1179:Cuculliinae
1162:Poole, 1995
1153:Poole, 1995
1144:Poole, 1995
1117:Grote, 1896
1108:Crumb, 1956
1105:Bagisarinae
1095:Poole, 1995
1086:Grote, 1896
1077:Poole, 1995
1068:Poole, 1995
1059:Grote, 1896
1047:Amphipyrini
1029:Agaristinae
952:systematics
946:Systematics
880:Agriculture
853:aposematism
818:formic acid
728:Lepidoptera
720:Nectarivory
713:Helicoverpa
690:cannibalism
663:Food guilds
627:pollination
457:Agaristinae
436:Description
418:Catocalinae
390:owlet moths
345:Smith, 1898
310:Heliothinae
305:Grotellinae
300:Grote, 1882
266:Cuculliinae
253:Poole, 1995
229:Grote, 1896
221:Crumb, 1956
218:Bagisarinae
202:Agaristinae
123:Lepidoptera
5522:Categories
5163:Monotrysia
5021:Noctuidae
5016:Euteliidae
5000:Noctuoidea
4858:Crambidae
4850:Pyralidae
4842:Pyraloidea
4778:(skippers)
4768:Hedylidae
4352:Lacturidae
4266:Momphidae
4071:Psychidae
3582:Dacnonypha
3410:Subclass:
3400:Arthropoda
3244:2021-11-19
3200:2021-11-19
3156:2021-02-23
2942:2017-04-01
2028:2017-04-01
1756:References
1735:Protapamea
1700:Lanatopyga
1652:Grotellina
1611:Subfamily
1605:Subfamily
1538:Subfamily
1531:Pantheinae
1529:Subfamily
1520:Subfamily
1482:Antitypina
1467:Beck, 1996
1458:Beck, 1996
1446:Prodeniini
1419:Orthosiini
1375:Leucaniini
1357:Glottulini
1348:Eriopygini
1336:Beck, 1996
1333:Elaphriini
1271:Beck, 1996
1257:Subfamily
1237:Subfamily
1228:Subfamily
1222:Subfamily
1213:Subfamily
1207:Subfamily
1198:Subfamily
1192:Subfamily
1186:Subfamily
1177:Subfamily
1168:Subfamily
1141:Condicinae
1139:Subfamily
1130:Subfamily
1121:Subfamily
1112:Subfamily
1103:Subfamily
1083:Psaphidina
1056:Psaphidini
1036:Subfamily
1027:Subfamily
1021:Subfamily
1012:Subfamily
982:Acontiinae
980:Subfamily
967:sensu lato
857:Cucullinae
845:Pantheinae
772:univoltine
742:pheromones
535:little owl
507:Pantheinae
467:metathorax
406:Noctuoidea
342:Pantheinae
250:Condicinae
181:Acontiinae
133:Noctuoidea
103:Arthropoda
5528:Noctuidae
5492:noctuidae
5267:Noctuidae
5257:Noctuidae
5243:Noctuidae
5213:Noctuidae
5115:Uraniidae
5008:Erebidae
4784:Pieridae
4530:Urodidae
4522:Urodoidea
4467:Sesiidae
4443:Sesioidea
4422:Cossidae
4414:Cossoidea
4256:Lypusidae
4079:Tineidae
4042:Tineoidea
3865:Adelidae
3857:Adeloidea
3564:Suborder
3524:Suborder
3483:Aglossata
3481:Suborder
3438:Suborder
3412:Pterygota
3392:Kingdom:
3073:1742-7592
3025:8 October
2988:0033-2615
2931:: 85–92.
2885:1664-302X
2777:0013-8746
2647:0024-0966
2550:S. dioica
2509:1313-2989
2446:1313-2970
2399:ignored (
2389:cite book
2379:8 October
2312:8 October
2256:1175-5334
2168:1477-2000
1950:1365-3113
1895:cite book
1887:928877801
1842:1918-3240
1807:1365-3113
1728:Orthomoia
1721:Orohadena
1659:Subtribe
1650:Subtribe
1641:Subtribe
1632:Subtribe
1613:Stiriinae
1607:Raphiinae
1592:Subtribe
1583:Subtribe
1574:Subtribe
1540:Plusiinae
1507:Subtribe
1498:Subtribe
1489:Subtribe
1480:Subtribe
1464:Tholerini
1406:Subtribe
1400:Subtribe
1391:Subtribe
1342:Episemini
1311:Subtribe
1304:Athetiina
1302:Subtribe
1259:Noctuinae
1248:Cydosiini
1200:Eriopinae
1194:Dyopsinae
1188:Dilobinae
1170:Cropiinae
1150:Condicini
1090:Subtribe
1081:Subtribe
1072:Subtribe
1065:Feraliina
1063:Subtribe
991:Acontiini
808:Arctiinae
795:Amaryllis
707:Heliothis
686:Predation
668:Herbivory
602:Mutualism
525:Etymology
475:parasites
386:Noctuidae
372:Diversity
363:Stiriinae
358:Raphiinae
350:Plusiinae
326:Noctuinae
284:Eriopinae
279:Dyopsinae
274:Dilobinae
258:Cropiinae
148:Latreille
143:Noctuidae
89:Kingdom:
83:Eukaryota
5298:BugGuide
5274:BioLib:
5264:BAMONA:
5222:Wikidata
5029:Nolidae
4653:Immoidea
3713:Exoporia
3566:Glossata
3418:Neoptera
3398:Phylum:
3394:Animalia
3383:families
3340:Archived
3238:Archived
3226:(1): 1.
3194:Archived
3150:Archived
3081:86757646
3019:Archived
2933:Archived
2903:27446044
2869:: 1005.
2527:26692790
2464:23730184
2373:Archived
2369:22207789
2306:Archived
2272:21336866
2264:25277901
2176:85652010
2117:Archived
2022:Archived
1958:84249695
1850:86122393
1742:Proxenus
1714:Neoligia
1686:Epilitha
1679:Alastria
1661:Stiriina
1643:Azeniina
1625:Stiriini
1594:Plusiina
1567:Plusiini
1509:Xylenina
1491:Cosmiina
1473:Xylenini
1408:Noctuina
1402:Axyliina
1393:Agrotina
1384:Noctuini
1366:Hadenini
1286:Arzamini
1277:Apameini
1114:Balsinae
1074:Nocloina
1023:Aediinae
1000:Armadini
732:honeydew
724:puddling
426:Erebidae
422:Calpinae
394:cutworms
226:Balsinae
197:Aediinae
139:Family:
99:Phylum:
93:Animalia
79:Domain:
5228:Q459180
4661:Immidae
4370:Aididae
3406:Insecta
3404:Class:
3379:Extant
2894:4923067
2810:: 1–57.
2800:s. str"
2702:3947934
2694:4601817
2674:Bibcode
2586:3548083
2566:Bibcode
2518:4668890
2487:Bibcode
2483:ZooKeys
2455:3668382
2424:Bibcode
2420:ZooKeys
2360:3234404
2236:Zootaxa
2148:Bibcode
2084:31 July
2055:31 July
1977:Zootaxa
1928:Bibcode
1785:Bibcode
936:sorghum
841:mimicry
784:Defense
613:Lychnis
548:Ecology
119:Order:
113:Insecta
109:Class:
5505:989032
5482:245049
5469:742352
5453:NZOR:
5420:117318
5407:114179
5342:1NOCTF
5079:Doidae
3124:
3079:
3071:
3011:
2986:
2901:
2891:
2883:
2836:
2775:
2700:
2692:
2645:
2612:Phegea
2584:
2525:
2515:
2507:
2462:
2452:
2444:
2367:
2357:
2347:
2298:
2270:
2262:
2254:
2232:Xestia
2174:
2166:
2123:5 June
2109:
2014:
1987:
1956:
1948:
1885:
1875:
1848:
1840:
1805:
1707:Lenisa
1693:Fabula
1623:Tribe
1617:Tribe
1565:Tribe
1556:Tribe
1547:Tribe
1500:Ufeina
1471:Tribe
1462:Tribe
1453:Tribe
1444:Tribe
1435:Tribe
1426:Tribe
1417:Tribe
1382:Tribe
1373:Tribe
1364:Tribe
1355:Tribe
1346:Tribe
1340:Tribe
1331:Tribe
1322:Tribe
1293:Tribe
1284:Tribe
1275:Tribe
1266:Tribe
1246:Tribe
1157:Tribe
1148:Tribe
1054:Tribe
1045:Tribe
1004:Tribe
998:Tribe
989:Tribe
938:, and
924:, and
595:Mexico
585:Canada
531:Noctua
430:genera
410:clades
398:family
150:, 1809
5500:WoRMS
5489:PPE:
5402:IRMNG
5394:48670
5277:17293
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