North-West Rebellion

1479: 1924:

economic opportunities, collective action on the part of Indigenous communities, and changes in governments at the federal, provincial and territorial levels. Miller says that early relations between Indigenous people and Euro-Canadian were characterized by a mutuality and collaboration, with each remaining autonomous, especially in trading relationships and as military allies. Miller says that this mutuality "held good for far longer than white historiography has tended to see. The mutuality collapsed through competition for resources particularly as agricultural settlers arrived in increasing numbers. In his chapter on the rebellion, Miller says that the way histories about the conflict have been written are based on "a great deal of misunderstanding and myth-making" and that there was no Indian rebellion in 1885.

886: 1537: 1411: 53: 145: 161: 1546: 1517:(CPR) played a key role in the government's response to the conflict, as it was able to transport federal troops to the area quickly. While it had taken three months to get troops to the Red River Rebellion, the government was able to move forces in nine days by train in response to events in the North-West Territories. The successful operation increased political support for the floundering and incomplete railway, which had been close to financial collapse. The government authorized enough funds to finish the line. Thus, Prime Minister 1704: 6350: 2049: 1233: 1776: 1113:. In addition, he had the support of a small number of members of First Nations. Riel's supporters included the older, less assimilated Métis, often with close associations with the First Nations population. Many moved back and forth into First Nations communities and preferred to speak Indigenous languages more than French. Riel's opponents were younger, better educated Métis; they wanted to be more integrated into Canadian society, not to set up a separate domain as Riel promised. 307: 258: 2035: 1037: 6337: 1306: 329: 318: 296: 285: 274: 1131: 1073: 1064: 1055: 1046: 58: 806: 5624: 1383: 5633: 1197:, attacked the small town. Angered by what seemed to be unfair treaties and the withholding of vital provisions by the Canadian government, and also by the dwindling buffalo population, their main source of food, Big Bear and his Cree decided to rebel after the successful Métis victory at Duck Lake. They gathered all the white settlers in the area into the local church. They killed Thomas Quinn, the town's 1744:"Cut Knife Battlefield. Named after Chief Cut Knife of the Sarcee in an historic battle with the Cree. On 2nd May 1885, Lt. Col. W. D. Otter led 325 troops composed of North-West Mounted Police, "B" Battery, "C" Company, Foot Guards, Queen's Own and Battleford Rifles, against Cree and Assiniboine under Poundmaker and Fine Day. After an engagement of six hours, the troops retreated to Battleford." 957: 909: 1021: 973: 941: 925: 893: 989: 1005: 834:, a Cree chief, to embark on a diplomatic campaign to renegotiate the terms of the treaties (the timing of this campaign happened to coincide with an increased sense of frustration among the Métis). When the Cree initiated violence in the spring of 1885, it was almost certainly unrelated to the revolt of Riel and the Métis (which was already underway). In both the 1857:. Stanley focused on the racial aspects of the rebellion. He demonstrated empathy with the plight of the Métis and First Nations, although in hindsight his work would now be described by many as both "racist and close-minded". Until the early 2000s, Stanley's served as the foundational textbook providing the accepted narrative on the events. 1098:

5,373 which included the Southbranch settlements with about 1,300. The South branch settlement was the centre of Louis Riel's Provisional Government of Saskatchewan during the conflict. To the west, the Battleford sub-district where the Cree uprising of people in bands led by Poundmaker and Big Bear occurred, had 3,603 people.

862:(NWMP) had been created, developing an armed local force. Riel lacked support from English settlers of the area as well as the great majority of tribes. Riel's claim that God had sent him back to Canada as a prophet caused Catholic officials (who saw it as heresy) to try to minimize his support. The Catholic priest, 1727:

and one for the killing of a Mountie at Fort Pitt on April 15. Fort Battleford has been declared a national historic site of Canada to commemorate its role as military base of operations for Cut Knife Hill and Fort Pitt, as a refuge for 500 settlers, and as battlefield itself (the Siege of Battleford).

1726:

Fort Otter was constructed at Battleford's government house at the capital of the North-West Territories. Poundmaker was arrested at Fort Battleford and sentenced to a prison term. Eight First Nations men were hanged, five for murders in the Frog Lake Massacre, two for murders in the Battleford area,

1646:

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police training depot at Regina was established in 1874, and still survives. The RCMP chapel, a frame building built in 1885, is still standing. It was used to jail Indian prisoners. One of three Territorial Government Buildings still stands on Dewdney Avenue in the city of

1627:

BATOCHE. In 1872, Xavier Letendre dit Batoche founded a village at this site where Métis freighters crossed the South Saskatchewan River. About 50 families had claimed the river lots in the area by 1884. Widespread anxiety regarding land claims and a changing economy provoked a resistance against the

1394:

itself. The greatly outnumbered but well-entrenched Métis fighters ran out of ammunition after three days of battle and siege. The Métis resorted to firing sharp objects and small rocks from their guns. They were finally killed or dispersed when Canadian soldiers advanced on their own and overran the

1279:

The first militia to struggle westward had to contend with the many lengthy breaks in the CPR line in northern Ontario. They marched through snow, or were carried in exposed sleighs. Where there were short stretches of track, the militia rode on hastily-constructed railroad flatcars which did nothing

624:

Riel was captured, put on trial, and convicted of treason. Despite many pleas across Canada for clemency, he was hanged. Riel became a heroic martyr to Francophone Canada. That was one cause for the rise of ethnic tensions into a deep division, whose repercussions continue to be felt. The suppression

1597:

The Saskatchewan Métis requested land grants; the government granted these to all by the end of 1887. The government resurveyed the official surveys to allow pre-existing Métis riverlots in accordance with their wishes. The Métis did not understand the long term value of their new land, however, and

1097:

The District of Saskatchewan, part of the North-West Territories in 1885, was divided into three sub-districts and had a population of 10,595. To the east, the Carrot River sub-district with 1,770 people remained quiet. The Prince Albert sub-district in the centre of the district had a population of

1923:

article as the "first overall survey of Aboriginal–newcomer history in Canada". Miller "consistently highlighted the Aboriginal perspective". By 2018, when the book was reprinted for the fourth time, the relationships between Indigenous peoples and settlers had evolved further driven by priorities,

829:

were acting in unison. By the end of the 1870s, the stage was set for discontent among the aboriginal people of the prairies: the bison population was in serious decline (creating enormous economic difficulties) and, in an attempt to assert control over aboriginal settlement, the federal government

770:

culture. A year after the survey the 36 families of the parish of St. Louis found that their land and village site that included a church and a school (in Township 45, Range 7 west of the 2nd Meridian of the Dominion Land Survey) had been sold by the Crown to the Prince Albert Colonization Company.

1638:

Batoche, where the Métis Provisional Government had been formed, has been declared a National Historic Site. Batoche marks the site of Gabriel Dumont's grave site, Albert Caron's House, Batoche school, Batoche cemetery, Letendre store, Dumont's river crossing, Gariépy's crossing, Batoche crossing,

1564:

The conflict was Canada's first independent military action. It cost about $ 5 million, and lost the Conservative Party most of their support in Quebec. It guaranteed Anglophone control of the Prairies, and demonstrated the national government was capable of decisive action. Those who served

1621:

In the spring of 2008, Tourism, Parks, Culture and Sport Minister Christine Tell proclaimed in Duck Lake, that "the 125th commemoration, in 2010, of the 1885 Northwest Rebellion is an excellent opportunity to tell the story of the prairie Métis and First Nations peoples' struggle with Government

1889:

Flanagan spent much of his academic career focusing on issues related to the Métis and Louis Riel. Since the 1970s Tom Flanagan published numerous scholarly studies "debunking the heroism of Métis icon Louis Riel, arguing against native land claims, and calling for an end to aboriginal rights."

1469:

in the largest mass hanging in Canadian history. These men, found guilty of killing outside of the military conflict, were Wandering Spirit, (Kapapamahchakwew) a Plains Cree war chief, Little Bear (Apaschiskoos), Walking the Sky (AKA Round the Sky), Bad Arrow, Miserable Man, Iron Body, Ika (AKA

1121:

Riel had been invited in to lead the movement but he turned it into a military action with a heavily religious tone, thereby alienating the Catholic clergy, the whites, nearly all of the First Nations, and most of the Métis. He had a force of a couple hundred Métis and a smaller number of First

685:

can be used synonymously, its use in relation to this conflict has been a subject of debate, with some academics arguing the usage of one term changes the perspective of how the conflict is understood. As a result, Indigenous studies scholars and many historians refer to Indigenous uprisings in

1688:

Duck Lake is home to the Duck Lake Historical Museum and the Duck Lake Regional Interpretive Centre, and murals that present the history of the conflict in the area. The Battle of Duck Lake, the Duck Lake Massacre, and a buffalo jump are all located here. The "First Shots Cairn" was erected on

857:

For Riel and the Métis, several factors had changed since the Red River Rebellion. The railway had been completed across the prairies in 1883, though sections were still under construction north of Lake Superior, making it easier for the government to get troops into the area. In addition, the

1864:

by historian Bob Beal and journalist Rod Macleod. They downplayed the event as local with "no real legacy of bitterness in the West". They describe it as an incident during the white settlers' occupation of the North-West Territories and government's imposition of their laws on the indigenous

1758:

is the world's largest tomahawk, the Poundmaker Historical Centre and Big Bear monument/cairn erected by the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada. There is also now, correctly located, a cairn erected upon Cut Knife Hill, which is the viewing site of the Poundmaker Battle site and

1373:

of militia was forced to retreat. Fine-Day was affiliated with the chief Poundmaker, who surrendered to government troops later that same month. Big Bear did not fight in the battle and personally prevailed on the Cree fighters not to harass the retreating Canadian troops.

589:

clergy, Euro-Canadian settlers who had previously supported the protest against government policies, many Indigenous persons in the western Prairies, and even some Métis. Riel had the allegiance of about 250 armed Métis, 250 Indigenous fighters and at least one white man

5362: 1345:

over units in Middleton's column numbering 900 soldiers. The reversal, though not decisive enough to alter the outcome of the war, temporarily halted the advance of Middleton's column toward Batoche. That was where the Métis made their final stand two weeks later.

1628:

Canadian Government. Here, 300 Métis and Indians led by Louis Riel and Gabriel Dumont fought a force of 800 men commanded by Major-General Middleton between May 9 and 12, 1885. The resistance failed but the battle did not mean the end of the community of Batoche.

1868:

On the centenary of the conflict, a conference entitled "1885 and After: Native Society in Transition" was held in May at the University of Saskatchewan. During the centenary, a number of articles and books were published on the topic including the five-volume

686:

reaction to European colonization as resistances; as many Indigenous nations self-governed the land before the Canadian government exerted their sovereignty over it. Use of the term resistance has also spread to other organizations and publications, including

573:

was not protecting their rights, their land, and their survival as a distinct people. Fighting broke out in late March, and the conflict ended in June. About 91 people were killed in the fighting that occurred that spring before the conflict ended with the

1459:

Demoralized, defenceless, and with no hope of relief after Poundmaker's surrender, most of Big Bear's fighters surrendered over the next few weeks. On July 2 Big Bear surrendered to the NWMP on an island in the Saskatchewan River near Fort Carlton.

1897:, Douglas Light focused on the local history of the region incorporating Métis and First Nation perspectives on events including accounts of everyday life. This was described as a "valuable and distinctive contribution to rebellion historiography". 1826:, who was the University of Saskatchewan's first librarian, compiled many of the original manuscripts, transcripts, and photographs related to the 1885 conflict that were made available in 1995 as part of project funded by Industry Canada in 1995. 1108:

The Métis population in Saskatchewan in 1885 was about 5,400. A majority tried to stay neutral in the dispute with the national government, as the priests recommended. About 350 armed men supported Riel. A smaller number opposed him, led by

1766:

The Narrows between Makwa Lake and Sanderson Bay, in the Makwa Lake Provincial Park, was the site of the last engagement of the conflict. Steele Narrows Provincial Historic Park conserves the lookout point of a Cree burial ground.

1219:

capitulated and agreed to negotiate with the attackers. Big Bear released the remaining police officers but kept the townspeople as hostages and destroyed the fort. Six days later, Inspector Dickens and his men reached safety at

629:

being controlled by English speakers, who allowed only a very limited francophone presence, and helped cause the alienation of French Canadians, who were embittered by the repression of their countrymen. The key role that the

1455:

caught up to Big Bear's force, which was fleeing northward after the battle at Frenchman's Butte. Big Bear's fighters were almost out of ammunition and fled after a short exchange of fire and the release of their hostages.

5770: 1612:

Riel's trial and Macdonald's refusal to commute his sentence caused lasting upset in Quebec, and led to a fundamental francophone distrust of Anglophone politicians. French Canada felt it had been unfairly targeted.

1166:

to the West. Eventually, over a period of many weeks, Middleton brought 3,000 troops to the West, and incorporated another 2,000, mostly English-Canadian volunteers, and 500 North-West Mounted Police into his force.

5166: 2551: 1252:, and of militia artillery, the Winnipeg Field Battery, already existed. After Duck Lake, the government immediately commenced the mobilization of some of Canada's ill-equipped part-time militia units (the 2811:

McPhillips' alphabetical and business directory of the district of Saskatchewan, N.W.T.: Together with brief historical sketches of Prince Albert, Battleford and the other settlements in the district, 1888

1935:. He updated his "1885 Northwest Resistance Movement Biographies" in 2018 which lists the men and women who participated in the 1885 Northwest Resistance. Barwell's research, which is published by the 3160:

McPhillips' alphabetical and business directory of the district of Saskatchewan, N.W.T.: Together with brief historical sketches of Prince Albert, Battleford and the other settlements in the district

3133:

McPhillips' alphabetical and business directory of the district of Saskatchewan, N.W.T.: Together with brief historical sketches of Prince Albert, Battleford and the other settlements in the district

3106:

McPhillips' alphabetical and business directory of the district of Saskatchewan, N.W.T.: Together with brief historical sketches of Prince Albert, Battleford and the other settlements in the district

5925: 1280:

to shelter them from the extreme cold. Many of the soldiers suffered greatly from the winter weather. However, the first troops sent west were, in succeeding weeks, followed by thousands more.

7605: 2756: 5672: 2961: 2402: 4630: 2578: 7453: 2022:, by Maia Caron (Ronsdale Press: 2017), a historical novel centered on the North-West Rebellion through the perspectives of Métis women, Gabriel Dumont, Louis Riel, and others involved. 1736:

Frog Lake Massacre National Historic Site of Canada, at Frog Lake, Alberta, is the location of a Cree uprising that occurred in the District of Saskatchewan, North-West Territories.

1733:, the scene of the Battle of Fort Pitt, is a provincial park and national historic site where a National Historic Sites and Monuments plaque designates where Treaty Six was signed. 1909: 1696:

The Battle of Fish Creek National Historic Site, the name has been changed to Tourond's Coulee / Fish Creek National Historic Site to preserve the battlefield of April 24, 1885, at

4394: 634:

played in transporting troops caused support by the Conservative government to increase, and Parliament authorized funds to complete the country's first transcontinental railway.

4889: 1693:

as a landmark commemorating the scene of the first shots in the Battle of Duck Lake. Our Lady of Lourdes Shrine at St. Laurent north of Duck Lake is a local pilgrimage site.

1674:

Fort Carlton Provincial Historic Site has been rebuilt as it had been ravaged by three separate fires. Big Bear (Mistahimaskwa) used the site in his initial negotiations for

1089:

in 1885 (within the black diamonds) included the central section of Saskatchewan and extended into present-day Alberta and Manitoba. The area of conflict is circled in black.

7381: 1655:

is still performed. Following the May trial, Louis Riel was hanged November 16, 1885. The RCMP Heritage Centre, in Regina, opened in May 2007. The Métis brought his body to

830:

often violated the terms of the treaties it had signed during the latter part of the decade. Thus, widespread dissatisfaction with the treaties and rampant poverty spurred

5408: 1601:

The French language and Catholic religion faced increasing marginalisation in both Saskatchewan and Manitoba, as exemplified by the emerging controversy surrounding the

1276:

from Montreal, were also quickly mobilized. Soon every major city in the East was the scene of embarkation for inexperienced young militiamen cheered by immense crowds.

5866: 1463:

The government addressed the critical food shortage of the Cree and Assiniboine by sending food and other supplies. Poundmaker and Big Bear were sentenced to prison.

452: 1470:

Crooked Leg) and Man Without Blood, for murders committed at Frog Lake and at Battleford (the murders of Farm Instructor Payne and Battleford farmer Barney Tremont).

1244:

Recognizing that an uprising might be imminent, the federal government had, three days before Duck Lake, sent Major General Frederick Middleton, the commander of the

5508: 4348: 4315: 1833:

conducted research on the 1885 conflict and Louis Riel in the 1930s while completing his postgraduate degrees at Oxford University, where he published his 1936 book

5147: 2532: 1577:

While the conflict was ongoing, the American and British press took note of the actions of both the Métis and the Canadian Government. Some newspapers, such as the

821:

The role of aboriginal peoples prior to—and during—the outbreak of the conflict is often misunderstood. A number of factors have created the misconception that the

5710: 850:. Although he quietly signalled to Ottawa that these two incidents were the result of desperate and starving people and were, as such, unrelated to the conflict, 4533: 3082: 1094:

The 1885 census of Assiniboia, Saskatchewan and Alberta reported a total population of 48,362. Of this, 20,170 people (about 40 percent) were Status Indians.

4262: 790:, where he had fled after the Red River Rebellion to appeal to the government on their behalf. The government gave a vague response. In March 1885, Riel, 6388: 6321: 1739:

Frenchman Butte, a national historic site of Canada, is the location of the 1885 battle between Cree and Canadian troops of Strange's Alberta Field Force.

4800: 2786: 6316: 6019: 1215:. They intercepted a police scouting party, killing a constable, wounding another, and captured a third. Surrounded and outnumbered, garrison commander 5317: 2624: 1956: 5450: 3851: 1900:

At the University of Saskatchewan, Alan Anderson prepared a report on French Settlements in Saskatchewan that informed relevant content in the online

2062: 5339: 2725: 6076: 3813: 1081: 613:, the conflict was quashed when overwhelming government forces and a critical shortage of supplies brought about the Métis' defeat in the four-day 2748: 885: 4634: 3497:

Report upon the suppression of the rebellion in the North-West Territories and matters in connection therewith, in 1885: Presented to Parliament.

2183:

Report upon the suppression of the rebellion in the North-West Territories and matters in connection therewith, in 1885: Presented to Parliament.

2095:

Report upon the suppression of the rebellion in the North-West Territories and matters in connection therewith, in 1885: Presented to Parliament.

1878: 585:

at Winnipeg, had been invited to lead the movement of protest; he turned it into a military action with a heavily religious tone. That alienated

7038: 2953: 2872: 2394: 2149:

Report upon the suppression of the rebellion in the North-West Territories and matters in connection therewith, in 1885: Presented to Parliament

2586: 1874: 445: 4881: 4041: 1524:

After the fighting, new Territorial Council ridings were created, although still only covering specific areas of concentrated settlement. The

1333:

to secure Edmonton from attack, then went down the North Saskachewan River to Fort Pitt, then moving overland in pursuit of Big Bear's band.

4427: 2838: 2013: 1502:

occurred shortly after the conflict, where he was found guilty of high treason, and hanged. His trial sparked a national controversy between

1770:

Fort Ethier, a two-story log blockhouse built by Strange's Alberta Field Force in its march north to Edmonton, still stands near Wetaskiwin.

6219: 4579: 2686: 5530: 5385: 4453: 4062: 3315: 3051: 4402: 4120: 3926: 3779: 3655: 3627: 3600: 3558: 3474: 3447: 3376: 2815: 2248: 2126: 1931:

was his first publication of biographies of participants in the Métis resistance. Barkwell is also the author of the 2011 305-page book

3501: 3349: 3258: 3231: 3164: 3137: 3110: 2187: 2153: 1528:

was held. The Scrip Commission was dispatched to the District of Saskatchewan and to present-day Alberta to address Métis land claims.

1178:. The Cree then took food and supplies from the empty stores and houses. As well, Cree insurgents looted Hudson's Bay Company posts at 1105:

with about 800 people followed by Battleford with about 500 people who were "divided about equally between French, Métis and English".

5581: 5549: 4633:. University of Saskatchewan Archives, University of Saskatchewan Library, and Pahkisimon Nuye?ah Library System. 2008. Archived from 2357: 2099: 1478: 6301: 2040: 438: 2499: 1150:

On March 26, 1885, the 150 to 200 Métis and Aboriginal warriors under the command of Gabriel Dumont defeated a combined group of 90

7615: 7489: 7008: 6611: 6381: 5803: 5677: 4605: 4554: 4291: 3901: 3675: 2437: 2208: 1999:, Canadian made-for-TV film portraying both 1870 and 1885 rebellions, starring Christopher Plummer, William Shatner, Leslie Nielsen 1287:

and then moved north toward Batoche. His column left from Qu'Appelle on April 6 and arrived at Batoche a month later, fighting the

5765: 1685:

The Prince Albert blockhouse was employed by the North-West Mounted Police on evacuating from Fort Carlton after the first fire.

7620: 6042: 6012: 5920: 5064: 4822:"The Northwest Resistance: A database of materials held by the University of Saskatchewan Libraries and the University Archives" 4012: 7471: 6311: 1423: 799: 723: 165: 112: 5825: 5405: 4829: 4153: 3947: 6804: 5471: 5220: 5160: 5119: 5094: 5040: 4919: 4660: 3298: 3008: 2937: 2904: 2654: 2545: 2512: 1605:. Many Métis were forced to live on undesirable land, or in temporary locations such as road allowances, or in the shadow of 6478: 5477: 3876: 1208:. When the conflict was over, the government hanged Wandering Spirit, the war chief responsible for the Frog Lake Massacre. 7561: 6834: 6647: 6306: 5019: 4738: 4341: 739: 4682: 4319: 4229: 1440:, District of Alberta - into contact with Big Bear's band fleeing from its pursuers. Fighters in the band carried the day 7640: 7477: 7411: 6374: 6340: 4199: 1525: 699: 4708: 3979: 2672:"The Second Métis War of 1885: A Case Study of Non-Commissioned Member Training and the Intermediate Leadership Program" 1260:, Canada's almost-nonexistent regular army. By March 30, after hasty mobilization in Toronto, two trains containing the 7655: 6689: 6098: 6066: 6005: 5701: 5379: 3700: 1983:(1940). The film is about a Texas Ranger who joins forces with the North-West Mounted Police to put down the rebellion. 5915: 7290: 6635: 6484: 6270: 5502: 5294: 5274: 5240: 5193: 5004: 4864: 3195: 3078: 2493: 2310: 1402:

of the United States. The defeat of the Métis and Riel's capture led to the collapse of the Provisional Government.

1201:, after a disagreement broke out. The Cree then attacked the settlers, killing eight more and taking three captive. 7507: 6514: 6275: 6244: 6124: 6086: 4254: 4091: 1975: 1398:

Riel surrendered on May 15. Gabriel Dumont and other participants in the uprising escaped across the border to the

763: 5657: 5647: 3752:"The Catholic Mahdi of the North West': Louis Riel and the Metis Resistance in Transatlantic and Imperial Context" 791: 263: 7555: 7140: 6472: 6093: 5613: 5591: 1807:, Manitoba. A statue for Wm. B. Osgoode and John Rogers, who fell in action at Cutknife Hill, also stands at the 5201:

Barrett, Matthew. "'Hero of the Half-Breed Rebellion': Gabriel Dumont and Late Victorian Military Masculinity."

4474: 7495: 6852: 6767: 6436: 5752: 4792: 4174: 3734: 2778: 1700:, Madame Tourond's home, early Red River cart Fish Creek Trail and the site of Middleton's camp and graveyard. 1441: 1194: 1011: 516: 301: 854:, the lieutenant-governor of the territories, publicly claimed that the Cree and the Métis had joined forces. 7665: 7645: 7595: 6948: 6936: 6924: 6894: 6870: 6864: 6858: 6840: 6816: 5853: 1609:(The Métis did not have treaty status, like Treaty Indians did, so did not have any official right to land). 6888: 5895: 5747: 5305: 3843: 2612: 2005:, by Albert Silver, c 1990, Ballantine Books. Spur Award Finalist. Focuses on Gabriel Dumont and his family. 598:(the nascent Canadian army), armed NWMP officers and armed local residents - 5500 government troops in all. 7650: 7630: 7610: 7206: 6418: 6398: 6047: 5447: 1860:

The next major academic work to treat the "rebellion as a whole" since Stanley's, was the 1984 publication

1436:

By May 28, Major General Thomas Bland Strange brought his mixed force - militia and a NWMP detachment from

1253: 6876: 6366: 5667: 5356:

Dick, Lyle (Autumn 2004). "Nationalism and Visual Media in Canada: The Case of Thomas Scott's Execution".

1162:, outside Batoche. The federal government had, shortly before the battle at Duck Lake, sent Major General 7393: 7345: 6930: 6731: 6189: 5336: 2733: 1795:

are commemorated through a number of memorials in Canada, including the North-West Rebellion Monument in

1466: 1284: 1102: 618: 7635: 5760: 4959:"Skyscrapers Hide the Heavens: A History of Native–Newcomer Relations in Canada by J.R. Miller (review)" 3821: 617:. The remaining Aboriginal allies scattered. Several chiefs were captured, and some served prison time. 6954: 6882: 6822: 6671: 6280: 6169: 6057: 6028: 4771: 4503: 2067: 1940: 1842: 1330: 1318: 1174:

populations, approached Battleford. The inhabitants fled to the nearby North-West Mounted Police post,

1155: 5662: 5652: 7660: 7212: 6599: 6526: 6442: 6159: 2868: 1968: 1841:

was reprinted and used as a textbook. Stanley's 1936 book and the 1972 book published by his student

1808: 1796: 1780: 1602: 1433:

Poundmaker and several of the chiefs loyal to him marched into Battleford and surrendered on May 26.

1143: 859: 694: 5739: 7465: 7278: 7224: 7110: 7098: 7068: 6810: 6701: 6502: 6496: 6234: 5930: 5796: 4033: 1971:. He tries to keep "peace and order" during the North-West Rebellion, helped by Sergeant Tim Clone. 1936: 1771: 1730: 1690: 1660: 1514: 1257: 1221: 1183: 1151: 1086: 755: 751: 731: 631: 562: 118: 4423: 3841: 2846: 826: 802:, believing that they could influence the federal government in the same way as they had in 1869. 169: 7600: 7429: 7363: 7200: 7164: 6966: 6942: 6900: 6773: 6761: 6683: 6677: 6460: 6285: 6174: 5576: 4399:

1880–1890 – North-west Rebellion The 'siege of Battleford' as reported in the Saskatchewan Herald

4303: 2432: 1664: 1566: 1555: 1273: 1216: 899: 747: 743: 234: 7050: 6743: 5910: 4373: 7405: 7014: 6996: 6990: 6779: 6713: 6581: 6466: 6448: 6229: 6224: 6129: 6081: 6071: 5843: 5434: 4935:

Anderson, Alan B. French Settlements in Saskatchewan: Historical and Demographic Perspectives.

4583: 2671: 2280: 1755: 1205: 727: 5492: 5369: 4525: 4449: 4070: 3922: 3321: 3185: 3057: 7062: 6665: 6605: 6532: 6214: 6164: 6139: 6134: 6103: 5813: 5791: 4116: 3751: 3649: 3621: 3594: 3552: 3468: 3441: 3370: 2927: 2894: 2809: 2242: 2120: 1882: 1410: 1265: 1261: 1179: 839: 735: 481: 52: 5981: 3959:(republished online Saskatchewan News Index 1884–2000 University of Saskatchewan Libraries.) 3495: 3343: 3252: 3225: 3158: 3131: 3104: 2181: 2147: 1659:, his mother's home, now the Riel House National Historic Site, and then interred it at the 817:, a Cree chief, to embark on a diplomatic campaign to renegotiate the terms of the treaties. 772: 312: 7459: 7248: 7122: 7044: 7032: 6828: 6587: 6508: 6154: 5819: 5586: 5561: 5557: 3814:"Tourism agencies to celebrate the 125th anniversary of the Northwest Resistance/Rebellion" 2369: 2365: 2093: 1944: 1905: 1823: 1678:

in about 1884, and finally, the following year he surrendered here after his engagement at

1648: 1354: 1342: 1326: 1310: 1288: 1249: 963: 759: 606: 566: 501: 224: 219: 44: 4739:"Everyone Chuckled – A Rebellion Story Taking From Keith Davidson's "Looking Back Series"" 2892: 1256:), as well as the units of cavalry, artillery and infantry regulars that made up the tiny 1204:

The massacre prompted the Canadian government to take notice of the growing unrest in the

8: 7625: 7333: 7146: 7104: 6557: 6424: 6199: 6144: 5831: 5606: 5463:

Louis Riel and the Creation of Modern Canada: Mythic Discourse and the Postcolonial State

4401:. Saskatchewan Archives Board Site by OH! Media – Regina Web Design. 2005. Archived from 4340:

Men of the city, Committee of the Historical Association of Saskatoon (30 January 2005).

3038:

I Have Lived Here Since The World Began: An Illustrated History of Canada's Native People

2483: 1656: 1536: 1499: 1483: 1448: 1358: 1299: 1237: 1212: 1163: 1159: 1135: 1027: 979: 947: 711: 688: 667: 610: 602: 582: 550: 521: 506: 496: 486: 476: 214: 209: 123: 68: 6209: 5888: 5682: 5020:

https://web.archive.org/web/20091027131214/http://www.geocities.com/jjnevins/pulpsl.html

4609: 4558: 4555:"Parks Canada – National Historic Sites in Alberta – National Historic Sites in Alberta" 4283: 3897: 3679: 2427: 2216: 7501: 7369: 7351: 7302: 7266: 7254: 7242: 7188: 6960: 6918: 6749: 6725: 6695: 6623: 6239: 5427: 5424: 5263: 5139: 4853: 3771: 2273: 1708: 1190: 931: 835: 621:

in Canada's largest mass hanging, for murders performed outside the military conflict.

491: 179: 5883: 4004: 3844:"Welcome To Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Region Gen Web Batoche / Fish Creek Photo Gallery" 1283:

Major General Frederick Middleton assembled a force that detrained from CPR trains at

7519: 7513: 7423: 7284: 7230: 7086: 6737: 6659: 6629: 6520: 5498: 5467: 5375: 5290: 5270: 5236: 5216: 5189: 5156: 5115: 5090: 5056: 5036: 5000: 4970: 4915: 4860: 4743:

Saskatchewan Indian First Nations Periodical Index Search Winter 2002 v. 31 n01 p. 15

3775: 3730: 3294: 3191: 3004: 2933: 2900: 2650: 2541: 2489: 2306: 1518: 1415: 1399: 1391: 995: 626: 614: 575: 511: 198: 63: 3254:

The history of the North-West Rebellion of 1885 (The War Cloud Bursts on Battleford)

795: 591: 268: 7543: 7531: 7525: 7483: 7387: 7357: 7272: 7092: 7074: 7056: 7026: 6641: 6490: 6430: 6254: 6249: 6052: 5905: 5848: 4821: 4145: 3955: 3763: 1980: 1703: 1640: 1545: 1329:

were formed in the West. Strange's force, assembled at Calgary, moved north on the

1245: 1232: 1139: 595: 406: 239: 5621: 4656: 3842:

Historic Sites and Monuments board of Canada. Government of Canada (21 Nov 2004).

328: 317: 295: 284: 273: 7435: 7375: 7314: 7308: 7236: 7116: 7020: 7002: 6653: 6575: 6149: 5966: 5461: 5454: 5412: 5343: 5251: 5230: 5210: 4580:"Parks Canada – National Historic Sites of Canada – administered by Parks Canada" 3872: 3288: 2998: 2460: 2300: 1175: 767: 766:

of strips reaching back from a river which the Métis were familiar with in their

586: 538: 34: 5976: 5961: 5623: 4746: 2647:

The North-West Is Our Mother: The Story of Louis Riel's People, the Métis Nation

1775: 7567: 7296: 7218: 7176: 7170: 7158: 6846: 6402: 5951: 5632: 5599: 5543: 4686: 4233: 3554:

The history of the North-West Rebellion of 1885 (The Battle at Batoche's Ferry)

3470:

The history of the North-West Rebellion of 1885 (The Battle of Cut Knife Creek)

2479: 1830: 1716: 1679: 1606: 1521:

was able to realize his National Dream of linking Canada across the continent.

1503: 1487: 1269: 863: 771:

Not having clear title, the Métis feared losing their land which, now that the

5900: 5367: 4207: 2016:, portrays the events of the North-West Resistance from a Métis point of view. 1558:, awarded to veterans of the conflict from the Canadian Militia, and the NWMP. 1430:

But the downfall of Batoche did not end the separate conflict with the Cree.

779: 7589: 7573: 7549: 7447: 7441: 7339: 6707: 6593: 6563: 6354: 5997: 5986: 4974: 4716: 3983: 2845:. Canadian Plains Research Center, University of Regina. 2006. Archived from 2054: 1990: 1964: 1792: 1507: 1491: 1370: 1295: 1110: 851: 787: 306: 257: 5971: 3704: 2925: 1723:

which served as a field hospital for wounded soldiers during the conflict.

1170:

On March 30, a raiding party of Cree people, short of food due to declining

7417: 7260: 7134: 6785: 6755: 6538: 6396: 6194: 6184: 5946: 5808: 5786: 3000:

Skyscrapers Hide the Heavens: A History of Indian-white Relations in Canada

1760: 1585: 1298:

and then proceeded north to restore order at the Battlefords, fighting the

1198: 719: 204: 92: 7080: 3443:

The history of the North-West Rebellion of 1885 (The Battle of Fish Creek)

2215:. University of Regina and Canadian Plains Research Center. Archived from 1451:

on June 3. That day a small detachment of NWMP under the command of Major

7537: 7182: 6978: 6912: 6719: 6569: 6179: 6119: 5860: 5544:(Métis) Heroes of the 1885 Northwest Resistance. Summary of those Killed. 3767: 2724:

Beal, Bob; Macleod, Rod; Foot, Richard; Yarhi, Eli, eds. (July 8, 2021).

2122:

The history of the North-West Rebellion of 1885 (The Troops in the Field)

1996: 1366: 1268:

militia battalions were ready to leave Toronto. Other militia units, the

4288:

Battle of Tourond's Coulee / Fish Creek National Historic Site of Canada

4095: 3227:

The history of the North-West Rebellion of 1885 (The Duck Lake Disaster)

1667:, stretching from Regina to just south of Prince Albert, has been named 6984: 6906: 6617: 6454: 5956: 5577:

Diary of Walter F. Stewart, a first hand account of a man who was there

4318:. City of Saskatoon – Development Services Branch. 2007. Archived from 2893:

Richard Cole Harris; Geoffrey J. Matthews; R. Louis Gentilcore (1987).

1675: 1452: 1419: 1362: 1305: 915: 847: 842:, small dissident groups of Cree men revolted against the authority of 783: 558: 430: 251: 229: 4958: 4685:. Canadian Plains Research Center University of Regina. Archived from 4608:. Canadian Plains Research Center University of Regina. Archived from 4232:. Canadian Plains Research Center University of Regina. Archived from 1130: 57: 7399: 7152: 6972: 5719: 4478: 3079:"North-West Territories (1870–1905) | the Canadian Encyclopedia" 3056:. Edmonton: Historical Society of Alberta. p. 21. Archived from 1720: 1589:, wrote approvingly of the actions taken by the Canadian government. 1579: 1418:

was a decisive victory for the Canadian militia, with the capture of

871: 4255:"Battleford, Batoche & Beyond tour along the Yellowhead Highway" 4178: 3320:. Edmonton: Historical Society of Alberta. p. 1. Archived from 1671:

by the province; the roadway passes near locations of the conflict.

7128: 3875:. Gabriel Dumont Institute of Native Studies and Applied Research. 1804: 1787:. The monument commemorates militiamen that served in the conflict. 1386:

Métis prisoners of war after the North-West Rebellion, August, 1885

1350: 1122:

Nations at Batoche in May 1885, confronting 900 government troops.

867: 843: 831: 814: 715: 290: 279: 82:

March 26 – June 3, 1885 (2 months, 1 week and 1 day)

5627: 4092:"Fort Carlton Provincial Park – Tourism, Parks, Culture and Sport" 1651:. It was the site of the Trial of Louis Riel, where the drama the 1314: 805: 762:'s square concession system. The Métis lands were laid out in the 554: 4424:"Parks Canada – Fort Battleford National Historic Site – History" 1800: 1784: 1437: 1382: 1236:

The Canadian Militia on the march towards the conflict, near the

754:. In 1882, surveyors began dividing the land of the newly formed 96: 1598:

sold much of it to speculators who later resold it to farmers.

4475:"Fort Pitt Provincial Park – Tourism, Parks, Culture and Sport" 4450:"Virtual Saskatchewan – Fort Battleford National Historic Site" 4342:"Saskatoon Gen Web Project – Narratives of Saskatoon 1882–1912" 2814:, Prince Albert, NWT: Henry Thomas McPhillips, pp. 93–97, 1812: 570: 150: 3724: 4814: 2485:

The Birth of Western Canada: A History of The Riel Rebellions

2266: 2264: 1565:

with the Militia and Police during the conflict received the

1193:(now in Alberta) a Cree raiding party led by Cree war chief, 1171: 7606:

Civil wars involving the states and peoples of North America

5460:

Reid, Jennifer; Long, Charles & Carrasco, David (2008),

4767: 4499: 3678:. Métis National Council Historical Database. Archived from 1885:-based political scientist, Thomas Flanagan, and Flanagan's 1835:

The Birth of Western Canada: A History of The Riel Rebellion

809:

The federal government's violation of its treaties with the

642:

The conflict is referred to by several names, including the

16:

1885 resistance by the Métis and Cree peoples against Canada

5368:

R. Douglas Francis; Richard Jones; Donald B. Smith (2009).

4200:"Attractions and Tourism – Town of Duck Lake, Saskatchewan" 3596:

The war trail of Big Bear (The Battle of Frenchman's Butte)

3163:, Prince Albert, NWT: Henry Thomas McPhillips, p. 53, 3136:, Prince Albert, NWT: Henry Thomas McPhillips, p. 65, 3109:, Prince Albert, NWT: Henry Thomas McPhillips, p. 23, 2896:

Historical Atlas of Canada: The land transformed, 1800–1891

2833: 2831: 1101:

The largest settlement and the capital of the district was

822: 810: 323: 175: 5186:

Batoche 1885: The Militia of the Metis Liberation Movement

4997:

Batoche 1885: The Militia of the Metis Liberation Movement

3820:. Government of Saskatchewan. June 7, 2008. Archived from 2261: 1929:

Batoche 1885: The Militia of the Metis Liberation Movement

1849:

informed North-West Rebellion encyclopedia entries in the

1154:

and North-West Mounted Police led by their superintendent

625:

of the conflict contributed to the present reality of the

561:

and an associated uprising by Cree and Assiniboine of the

5429:

Reflections on Native-newcomer Relations: Selected Essays

4009:

CHTS Home Manitoba Heritage Council Commemorative Plaques

3873:"Batoche The Virtual Museum of Métis History and Culture" 3647: 3619: 3592: 3368: 3341: 2926:

John Elgin Foster; Dick Harrison; I. S. MacLaren (1992).

2275:

Reflections on Native-newcomer Relations: Selected Essays

2152:, Ottawa: Department of Militia and Defence, p. 20, 4221: 4177:. Duck Lake Regional Interpretive Centre. Archived from 3550: 3466: 3439: 3250: 3223: 2954:"The Quebec History Encyclopedia (North-West Rebellion)" 2828: 2395:"The Quebec History Encyclopedia (North-West Rebellion)" 2389: 2387: 2240: 2118: 5306:"The 1885 Northwest Resistance: Causes to the Conflict" 5035:(1 ed.). New York: Ballantine Books. p. 406. 4952: 4950: 4948: 4946: 3954:. Leader-Post. May 16, 1955. p. 13. Archived from 3898:"Parks Canada Batoche National Historic Site of Canada" 3156: 3129: 3102: 2807: 2613:"The 1885 Northwest Resistance: Causes to the Conflict" 2200: 1947:—"provides a more human face" to the 1885 Resistance." 5425:

James Rodger Miller, "From Riel to the Métis" (2004).

5287:

Loyal Till Death: Indians and the North-West Rebellion

5235:(2nd ed.). Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 5203:

Journal of Canadian Studies/Revue d'études canadiennes

5149:

Veterans and Families of the 1885 Northwest Resistance

4799:. Enterprise Saskatchewan Government of Saskatchewan. 3027:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984. p. 226. 2946: 2719: 2717: 2715: 2713: 2711: 2709: 2707: 2534:

Veterans and Families of the 1885 Northwest Resistance

2352: 2350: 2348: 2346: 2344: 2305:(2nd ed.). Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 2087: 2085: 2083: 1933:

Veterans and Families of the 1885 Northwest Resistance

4873: 4369: 3925:. Saskatchewan Genealogical Society – Regina Branch. 3493: 2384: 2325:

Robert MacIntosh, Boilermakers on the Prairies, p. 16

2179: 2145: 2091: 4943: 4939:(Report). Research Unit for French-Canadian Studies. 4657:"Poundmaker Historical Centre and Big Bear monument" 4117:"Virtual Saskatchewan – Fur Trading at Fort Carlton" 3282: 3280: 3278: 3276: 3274: 2740: 2723: 2573: 2571: 2474: 2472: 2294: 2292: 2290: 2030: 1486:, a trial that sparked national controversy between 1325:

Other forces such as the Alberta Field Force led by

5402:

Canadian Ethnic Studies/ Etudes Ethniques au Canada

4143: 3212:

Canadian Ethnic Studies/ Etudes ethniques au Canada

2996: 2992: 2990: 2988: 2986: 2984: 2982: 2980: 2978: 2747:Foster, Keith; Oosterom, Nelle (13 February 2013). 2704: 2341: 2336:

The Peoples of Canada: A Post-Confederation History

2270: 2080: 1711:

is in the cemetery with the graves of those killed.

775:were gone, was their primary source of sustenance. 5426: 5265:The last war drum: the North West campaign of 1885 5262: 4914:. North Battleford, Canada: Turner Warwick Pubns. 4855:The last war drum: the North West campaign of 1885 4852: 4582:. Government of Canada. 2009-01-20. Archived from 4532:. The Canadian Encyclopedia Historica foundation. 3345:The war trail of Big Bear (The Frog Lake Massacre) 3190:. Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press. pp. 164, 173. 2919: 2886: 2749:"Shifting Riel-ity: The 1885 North-West Rebellion" 2272: 1993:is a historical novel of the North-West Rebellion. 1847:The last war drum: the North West campaign of 1885 1447:The last armed engagement in the conflict was the 5400:Lee, David. "The Metis militant rebels of 1885." 5333:The French Canadians; 1760–1967: vol 2: 1911–1967 3372:The war trail of Big Bear (The Fall of Fort Pitt) 3271: 2568: 2469: 2287: 2063:Index of articles related to Aboriginal Canadians 1643:Church, Métis rifle pits, and RNWMP battle camp. 1341:On April 24, at Fish Creek, 200 Métis achieved a 7587: 5771:Union nationale métisse Saint-Joseph du Manitoba 5459: 5442:Morton, Desmond. "Image of Louis Riel in 1998," 5284: 4316:"Municipal Heritage Properties – Marr Residence" 4139: 4137: 3210:David Lee, "The Metis militant rebels of 1885." 2975: 2526: 2524: 2522: 2520: 2421: 2419: 5587:Chronology of Events (The Northwest Resistance) 5466:, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 5253:The History of the North-west Rebellion of 1885 5114:. Vancouver, British Columbia: Ronsdale Press. 5057:"review of Lord of the Plains by Alfred Silver" 4339: 3623:The war trail of Big Bear (Battle of Loon Lake) 2960:. Claude Bélanger, Marianopolis College. 2007. 2606: 2604: 2462:The History of the North-west Rebellion of 1885 2401:. Claude Bélanger, Marianopolis College. 2007. 2244:The history of the North-West Rebellion of 1885 6027: 4988: 4879: 4230:"Duck Lake – The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan" 3980:"History of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police" 2746: 2663: 874:warriors would not participate in a conflict. 6382: 6013: 5607: 5527:Canadian Historical Association Booklet No. 2 5490: 5352:(McClelland & Stewart, 1978), pp. 146–174 5285:Stonechild, Blair & Waiser, Bill (1997). 4134: 3818:Home/About Government/News Releases/June 2008 3651:The war trail of Big Bear (The Indian Trials) 3557:, Toronto: A.H. Hovey & Co, p. 197, 3500:, Ottawa: Department of Militia and Defence, 3473:, Toronto: A.H. Hovey & Co, p. 156, 3446:, Toronto: A.H. Hovey & Co, p. 127, 2517: 2416: 2247:, Toronto: A.H. Hovey & Co, p. 327, 2186:, Ottawa: Department of Militia and Defence, 2125:, Toronto: A.H. Hovey & Co, p. 422, 2098:, Ottawa: Department of Militia and Defence, 1633:Historic Sites and Monuments board of Canada. 798:(a.k.a. Will Jackson), and others set up the 446: 5024: 4844: 4477:. Government of Saskatchewan. Archived from 4094:. Government of Saskatchewan. Archived from 4069:. Government of Saskatchewan. Archived from 4005:"Explore Our Heritage; Louis Riel 1844–1885" 3703:. University of Saskatchewan. Archived from 3535: 3520: 3410: 3395: 3257:, Toronto: A.H. Hovey & Co, p. 76, 3230:, Toronto: A.H. Hovey & Co, p. 30, 3183: 2638: 2601: 2488:. University of Toronto Press. p. 475. 2452: 2175: 2173: 2171: 2169: 1837:. For more than five decades Stanley's 1936 1622:forces and how it has shaped Canada today." 1377: 1336: 1248:, to Winnipeg, where a unit of militia, the 1072: 1063: 1054: 1045: 1036: 26: 5212:Prairie Fire: The 1885 North-West Rebellion 5208: 5103: 5078: 4903: 3654:, Toronto: Ryerson Press (published 1926), 3626:, Toronto: Ryerson Press (published 1926), 3599:, Toronto: Ryerson Press (published 1926), 3375:, Toronto: Ryerson Press (published 1926), 3348:, Toronto: Ryerson Press (published 1926), 3290:Prairie Fire: The 1885 North-West Rebellion 3286: 2899:. University of Toronto Press. p. 93. 2425: 2206: 1862:Prairie Fire: The 1885 North-West Rebellion 1749:National Historic Sites and Monuments Board 1405: 714:of 1869–1870, many of the Métis moved from 6389: 6375: 6020: 6006: 5614: 5600: 4447: 4040:. Manitoba Historical Society. 1998–2009. 3040:(Toronto: Key Porter Books, 2005) p. 221. 2426:Macleod, Rod; Foot, Richard, eds. (2016). 1887:Riel and the Rebellion: 1885 Reconsidered. 1227: 1146:(NWMP), and Métis and aboriginal warriors. 594:). But his small force was up against 900 453: 439: 5310:HPS History and Political Science Journal 5232:Riel and the Rebellion: 1885 Reconsidered 4956: 4347:. University of Saskatchewan Book store. 4206:. Town of Duck Lake. 2007. Archived from 4146:"Saskatchewan Forts: Northwest Rebellion" 3952:Top News Stories Beginnings and Landmarks 3427:Historic Sites of the Province of Alberta 2932:. University of Alberta. pp. 73–74. 2669: 2617:HPS History and Political Science Journal 2302:Riel and the Rebellion: 1885 Reconsidered 2166: 2041:Indigenous peoples of the Americas portal 1803:, Ontario, and The Volunteer Monument in 1663:in Manitoba, his birthplace, for burial. 1592: 1572: 1353:successfully held off Lieutenant Colonel 5678:Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians 5433:. University of Toronto Press. pp. 5417:Miller, J. R. "From Riel to the Metis." 5228: 5183: 5145: 4994: 4680: 4227: 3749: 2530: 2298: 2236: 2234: 1774: 1702: 1477: 1409: 1381: 1304: 1231: 1129: 804: 601:Despite some notable early victories at 460: 5926:Metis Child and Family Services Society 5303: 5249: 5188:, Winnipeg: Manitoba Metis Federation, 5155:. Saskatoon: Gabriel Dumont Institute. 4999:, Winnipeg: Manitoba Metis Federation, 4034:"Manitoba History Red River Resistance" 3725:Joslin, Litherland and Simpkin (1988). 3313: 3049: 2644: 2610: 2540:. Saskatoon: Gabriel Dumont Institute. 2478: 2458: 2279:. University of Toronto Press. p. 1526:North-West Territories election of 1885 7588: 5374:. Cengage Learning. pp. 306–307. 5260: 5030: 4850: 4706: 4654: 4603: 4557:. Government of Canada. Archived from 4063:"Scenic Routes – The Louis Riel Trail" 2692:from the original on 15 September 2022 1424:Provisional Government of Saskatchewan 1390:On May 12, Middleton's force captured 800:Provisional Government of Saskatchewan 670:, was collectively referred to as the 565:, North-West Territories, against the 166:Provisional Government of Saskatchewan 113:Provisional Government of Saskatchewan 6370: 6001: 5766:Vancouver Métis Community Association 5595: 5215:, Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 5209:Beal, Bob & Macleod, Rod (1984), 5109: 5084: 4909: 4832:from the original on 6 September 2022 3982:. Mounted Police Post. Archived from 3638:; Myrna Kostash, The Frog Lake Reader 3293:. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart. 3287:Beal, Bob & Macleod, Rod (1984). 2231: 1779:The North-West Rebellion Memorial at 434: 6648:Regulator Movement in North Carolina 5397:, short summary of historians' views 5355: 4934: 4736: 4523: 4426:. Government of Canada. 2009-06-22. 4395:"Saskatchewan settlement experience" 4144:Payette, Pete; Phil Payette (2006). 3900:. Government of Canada. 2009-06-22. 3577: 1871:The Collected Writings of Louis Riel 1719:is a municipal heritage property of 1395:Métis fighters in their rifle pits. 5826:The National Committee of the Métis 5556:. Canadian Plains Research Center, 5089:. Toronto, Ontario: Dundurn Press. 4963:British Journal of Canadian Studies 3729:. London: Spink. pp. 165–166. 2871:. The Globe (Toronto). 1885-12-26. 2789:from the original on 30 August 2022 2645:Teillet, Jean (17 September 2019). 2583:Provincial Archives of Saskatchewan 2364:. Canadian Plains Research Center, 1921:British Journal of Canadian Studies 1482:The end of the conflict led to the 1191:Frog Lake, District of Saskatchewan 866:, worked to obtain assurances from 700:Provincial Archives of Saskatchewan 666:. The conflict, in addition to the 13: 5702:Legislative Assembly of Assiniboia 5132: 4261:. Yellowhead Highway Association. 3948:"RCMP traditions centre in Regina" 3648:William Bleasdell Cameron (1888), 3620:William Bleasdell Cameron (1888), 3593:William Bleasdell Cameron (1888), 3369:William Bleasdell Cameron (1888), 3342:William Bleasdell Cameron (1888), 2008:The novel for young adults called 1967:hero Eric Lewis, a Mountie of the 1317:victory, persuading Major General 1294:Wiliam Otter's force detrained at 956: 908: 778:In 1884, the Métis (including the 14: 7677: 6397:Colonial conflicts involving the 6271:Canada and the American Civil War 5683:Métis Settlements General Council 5537: 5140:Louis Riel § Further reading 5085:Bayle, B. J. (19 February 2008). 4910:Light, Douglas W. (1 June 1989). 4709:"Town of Cut Knife, Saskatchewan" 4707:Yanciw, David (August 10, 2001). 4536:from the original on June 7, 2011 3551:Mulvaney, Charles Pelham (1885), 3467:Mulvaney, Charles Pelham (1885), 3440:Mulvaney, Charles Pelham (1885), 3251:Mulvaney, Charles Pelham (1885), 3224:Mulvaney, Charles Pelham (1885), 2670:Ouellette, Robert-Falcon (2014). 2440:from the original on 30 June 2022 2241:Mulvaney, Charles Pelham (1885), 2119:Mulvaney, Charles Pelham (1885), 1927:Lawrence J. Barkwell's 2005 book 1818: 1569:, established in September 1885. 1020: 972: 940: 924: 892: 124:Trial and execution of Louis Riel 6348: 6336: 6335: 5673:Northwest Territory Métis Nation 5631: 5622: 5250:Mulvany, Charles Pelham (1886). 5049: 5031:Silver, Alfred (17 March 1990). 5012: 4928: 4785: 4768:"Steele Narrows Provincial Park" 4655:Brown., Brian M (July 4, 2002). 4345:(Published online Julia Adamson) 3750:Read, Geoff; Webb, Todd (2012). 3157:Henry Thomas McPhillips (1888), 3130:Henry Thomas McPhillips (1888), 3103:Henry Thomas McPhillips (1888), 3025:The Canadian Prairies: A History 2808:Henry Thomas McPhillips (1888), 2759:from the original on 1 July 2022 2459:Mulvany, Charles Pelham (1886). 2213:The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan 2047: 2033: 1554:The obverse and reverse for the 1544: 1535: 1321:to temporarily halt his advance. 1116: 1071: 1062: 1053: 1044: 1035: 1019: 1003: 987: 971: 955: 939: 923: 907: 891: 884: 327: 316: 305: 294: 283: 272: 256: 159: 143: 56: 51: 7616:First Nations history in Canada 6473:Cromwellian conquest of Ireland 5916:Métis Population Betterment Act 5511:from the original on 2024-03-03 5497:. Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press. 5494:Canada and the Métis, 1869–1885 5480:from the original on 2024-03-03 5388:from the original on 2024-03-03 5320:from the original on 2015-12-23 5256:. Toronto: A.H. Hovey & Co. 5172:from the original on 2022-10-17 5067:from the original on 2022-05-11 4892:from the original on 2014-11-07 4882:"The Man Behind Stephen Harper" 4880:Marci McDonald (October 2004). 4803:from the original on 2008-04-23 4774:from the original on 2014-04-17 4760: 4730: 4700: 4674: 4663:from the original on 2008-07-08 4648: 4623: 4597: 4572: 4547: 4517: 4506:from the original on 2014-04-17 4492: 4467: 4456:from the original on 2009-07-07 4441: 4430:from the original on 2013-02-08 4416: 4387: 4376:from the original on 2014-04-13 4362: 4351:from the original on 2009-05-05 4333: 4308: 4294:from the original on 2011-06-06 4276: 4265:from the original on 2008-06-07 4247: 4192: 4175:"History of Duck Lake and Area" 4167: 4156:from the original on 2010-04-28 4123:from the original on 2009-06-23 4109: 4084: 4055: 4044:from the original on 2009-08-13 4026: 4015:from the original on 2011-09-11 3997: 3972: 3940: 3929:from the original on 2010-02-06 3915: 3904:from the original on 2010-08-08 3890: 3879:from the original on 2011-07-06 3865: 3854:from the original on 2012-10-25 3835: 3806: 3801:The French Canadians: 1760–1967 3793: 3782:from the original on 2020-08-05 3743: 3718: 3693: 3668: 3658:from the original on 2013-10-29 3641: 3630:from the original on 2013-10-29 3613: 3603:from the original on 2013-10-29 3586: 3571: 3561:from the original on 2013-11-11 3544: 3529: 3514: 3504:from the original on 2013-11-11 3487: 3477:from the original on 2013-11-11 3460: 3450:from the original on 2013-11-11 3433: 3419: 3404: 3389: 3379:from the original on 2013-10-29 3362: 3352:from the original on 2021-02-24 3335: 3307: 3261:from the original on 2013-11-11 3244: 3234:from the original on 2013-11-11 3217: 3204: 3187:Canada and the Métis, 1869–1885 3177: 3167:from the original on 2013-12-12 3150: 3140:from the original on 2013-12-11 3123: 3113:from the original on 2013-11-09 3096: 3085:from the original on 2023-06-21 3071: 3043: 3030: 3017: 3003:. University of Toronto Press. 2964:from the original on 2020-08-04 2958:The Quebec History Encyclopedia 2875:from the original on 2016-11-10 2861: 2818:from the original on 2020-08-05 2801: 2771: 2755:. Canada's Historical Society. 2627:from the original on 2015-12-23 2557:from the original on 2022-10-17 2502:from the original on 2022-09-05 2465:. Toronto: A.H. Hovey & Co. 2405:from the original on 2020-08-04 2399:The Quebec History Encyclopedia 2328: 2251:from the original on 2023-05-16 2190:from the original on 2023-10-09 2156:from the original on 2023-03-05 2129:from the original on 2023-01-05 2102:from the original on 2023-01-05 1910:Canadian Plains Research Center 1444:in a battle at the end of May. 1211:On April 15, 200 Cree warriors 988: 877: 637: 7621:Indigenous conflicts in Canada 6576:Father Rale's War/Dummer's War 5921:List of settlements in Alberta 5753:Congress of Aboriginal Peoples 5184:Barkwell, Lawrence J. (2005), 5146:Barkwell, Lawrence J. (2011). 5110:Caron, Maia (September 2017). 4995:Barkwell, Lawrence J. (2005), 4524:Beal, Bob (1 September 2007). 4259:Yellowhead IT! Travel Magazine 3676:"Northwest "Half-breed" Scrip" 3494:Panet, Charles Eugène (1886), 2839:"French and Métis settlements" 2649:. HarperCollins. p. 576. 2531:Barkwell, Lawrence J. (2011). 2319: 2180:Panet, Charles Eugène (1886), 2146:Panet, Charles Eugène (1886), 2139: 2112: 2092:Panet, Charles Eugène (1886), 1969:Royal Northwest Mounted Police 1: 6973:Black War (Van Diemen's Land) 6817:Castle Hill convict rebellion 5854:Nemaha Half-Breed Reservation 5648:Métis Nation British Columbia 5524:Louis Riel: Patriot or Rebel? 5371:Journeys: A History of Canada 2997:James Rodger Miller (2000) . 2073: 1950: 1902:Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan, 1349:On May 2, the Cree war chief 1004: 705: 6276:Mackenzie–Papineau Battalion 5554:Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan 2843:Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan 2362:Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan 2271:James Rodger Miller (2004). 1917:Skyscrapers Hide the Heavens 1473: 1254:Non-Permanent Active Militia 347:5,000 volunteers and militia 7: 4797:Sasl Biz community profiles 4500:"Fort Pitt Provincial Park" 4150:2006 American Forts Network 3923:"Regina History Guide Tour" 3850:. online by Julia Adamson. 2779:"1885 Northwest Resistance" 2579:"The North-West Resistance" 2026: 1839:The Birth of Western Canada 1707:A cairn commemoriating the 1125: 10: 7682: 7641:Military history of Canada 7490:Jewish revolt in Palestine 7135:Fenian Rebellion in Canada 6780:Dwyer's guerrilla campaign 6672:American Revolutionary War 6281:Canada and the Vietnam War 6170:American Revolutionary War 6029:Military history of Canada 5748:North Slave Métis Alliance 5419:Canadian Historical Review 5229:Flanagan, Thomas (2000) . 5137: 4937:University of Saskatchewan 4826:University of Saskatchewan 4713:Big Things of Saskatchewan 4011:. Government of Manitoba. 3756:Canadian Historical Review 3727:British Battles and Medals 3701:"Our Legacy (Metis Scrip)" 2299:Flanagan, Thomas (2000) . 2068:Military history of Canada 1941:University of Saskatchewan 1422:, and the collapse of the 1331:Calgary and Edmonton Trail 1272:from Quebec City, and the 1156:Leif Newry Fitzroy Crozier 581:Louis Riel, the hero of a 107:Federal government victory 7656:History of Western Canada 7324: 7261:Jameson Raid South Africa 6795: 6548: 6409: 6330: 6294: 6263: 6255:Intervention against ISIL 6175:French Revolutionary Wars 6112: 6035: 5939: 5876: 5779: 5732: 5694: 5668:Manitoba Métis Federation 5658:Métis Nation—Saskatchewan 5640: 4957:Battarbee, Keith (2021). 4448:Yanko, Dave (1997–2007). 3314:Dempsey, Hugh A. (1957). 3050:Dempsey, Hugh A. (1957). 2679:Canadian Military Journal 2511:with new introduction by 1976:North West Mounted Police 1904:published in 2006 by the 1809:Cartier Square Drill Hall 1616: 1603:Manitoba Schools Question 1378:Ending the Métis uprising 1337:April–May Métis victories 1144:North-West Mounted Police 860:North-West Mounted Police 726:, where they founded the 695:The Canadian Encyclopedia 472: 409:death (at Cut Knife Hill) 369: 338: 188: 136: 74: 50: 42: 23: 7472:Arab revolt in Palestine 7069:Second Anglo-Burmese War 6811:Second Anglo-Maratha War 6702:Australian frontier wars 5931:Gabriel Dumont Institute 5761:Alberta Métis Federation 5724:(Southbranch Settlement) 5715:(Southbranch Settlement) 5289:. Calgary: Fifth House. 5261:Morton, Desmond (1972). 4851:Morton, Desmond (1972). 4681:McLennan, David (2006). 4228:McLennan, David (2006). 3580:The North-West Rebellion 1937:Gabriel Dumont Institute 1919:was described in a 2021 1893:In his 1987 publication 1691:Saskatchewan Highway 212 1515:Canadian Pacific Railway 1467:Eight others were hanged 1406:Ending the Cree uprising 1258:Permanent Active Militia 1152:Prince Albert Volunteers 1087:District of Saskatchewan 756:District of Saskatchewan 752:South Saskatchewan River 632:Canadian Pacific Railway 563:District of Saskatchewan 119:Canadian Pacific Railway 7466:Second Mohmand campaign 7201:Third Anglo-Burmese War 7165:Second Anglo-Afghan War 6967:First Anglo-Burmese War 6943:Third Anglo-Maratha War 6774:Fourth Anglo-Mysore War 6684:Second Anglo-Mysore War 6678:First Anglo-Maratha War 6286:Canada and the Iraq War 6190:Rebellions of 1837–1838 5663:Métis Nation of Ontario 5653:Métis Nation of Alberta 5550:"North-west Resistance" 5304:Thistle, Jesse (2014). 2726:"North-West Resistance" 2611:Thistle, Jesse (2014). 2433:Encyclopedia Britannica 2358:"North-west Resistance" 1987:The Magnificent Failure 1855:Encyclopedia Britannica 1661:Saint-Boniface Basilica 1567:North West Canada Medal 1556:North West Canada Medal 1365:. Despite its use of a 1274:65th Mount Royal Rifles 1228:Government mobilization 728:Southbranch settlements 569:. Many Métis felt that 543:Rébellion du Nord-Ouest 28:Rébellion du Nord-Ouest 7406:Third Anglo-Afghan War 7291:First Mohmand campaign 7015:First Anglo-Afghan War 6714:Third Anglo-Mysore War 6160:Father Le Loutre's War 6130:Second Anglo-Dutch War 5844:Southbranch Settlement 5740:Métis National Council 5711:Council of St. Laurent 5560:. 2006. Archived from 5491:Sprague, D.N. (1988). 4912:Footprints in the Dust 4038:Number 29, Spring 1995 2869:"North West Rebellion" 2428:"North-West Rebellion" 2368:. 2006. Archived from 1895:Footprints in the Dust 1788: 1746: 1712: 1630: 1593:Long-term consequences 1573:International reaction 1495: 1427: 1387: 1322: 1241: 1213:descended on Fort Pitt 1206:North-West Territories 1147: 1138:broke out between the 818: 724:North-West Territories 660:Saskatchewan Rebellion 542: 189:Commanders and leaders 27: 7063:Second Anglo-Sikh War 6720:Cotiote (Wayanad) War 6606:French and Indian War 6322:Internment Camps WWII 6250:Intervention in Libya 6165:French and Indian War 6135:Third Anglo-Dutch War 5814:Pemmican Proclamation 5522:Stanley, George F.G. 5087:Battle Cry at Batoche 4604:Chaput, John (2006). 3184:D.N. Sprague (1988). 2753:www.canadashistory.ca 2736:on September 1, 2022. 2730:Canadian Encyclopedia 2010:Battle Cry at Batoche 1939:—an affiliate of the 1883:University of Calgary 1851:Canadian Encyclopedia 1778: 1742: 1706: 1698:la coulée des Tourond 1641:St. Antoine de Padoue 1625: 1481: 1413: 1385: 1308: 1262:10th Royal Grenadiers 1235: 1133: 840:Looting of Battleford 808: 664:Second Riel Rebellion 648:North-West Resistance 619:Eight men were hanged 547:North-West Resistance 545:), also known as the 370:Casualties and losses 7666:Wars of independence 7646:Rebellions in Canada 7596:North-West Rebellion 7225:Hunza–Nagar Campaign 7033:First Anglo-Sikh War 7009:Egyptian–Ottoman War 6317:Internment Camps WWI 6205:North-West Rebellion 5838:North-West Rebellion 5820:Battle of Seven Oaks 5695:Historic Governments 5558:University of Regina 5269:. Toronto: Hakkert. 5205:48#3 (2014): 79–107. 4859:. Toronto: Hakkert. 4749:on December 10, 2008 4606:"Frog Lake Massacre" 4370:"The Marr Residence" 4067:Tourism Saskatchewan 3768:10.3138/chr.93.2.171 2366:University of Regina 2209:"Frog Lake Massacre" 2207:John Chaput (2007). 1963:(1935) depicted the 1945:University of Regina 1906:University of Regina 1824:Arthur Silver Morton 1442:at Frenchman's Butte 1327:Thomas Bland Strange 1311:Battle of Fish Creek 1289:Battle of Fish Creek 1250:90th Winnipeg Rifles 1082:class=notpageimage| 760:Dominion Land Survey 644:North-West Rebellion 535:North-West Rebellion 482:Battleford (Looting) 464:North-West Rebellion 362:250 Cree–Assiniboine 225:Thomas Bland Strange 220:William Dillon Otter 45:American Indian Wars 24:North-West Rebellion 7651:Surveying of Canada 7631:Massacres in Canada 7611:Conflicts in Canada 7478:Waziristan campaign 7412:Waziristan campaign 7105:Revolt of Rajab Ali 6582:War of Jenkins' Ear 6200:Red River Rebellion 5832:Red River Rebellion 5582:Map of Battle Sites 5404:(1989) 21#3 pp 1+ 3824:on October 21, 2009 3540:. pp. 271–272. 3525:. pp. 252–253. 2783:Canadian Geographic 2589:on 5 September 2022 2338:(1992), pp xiii, 31 2219:on 4 September 2009 1829:Canadian historian 1791:The members of the 1653:Trial of Louis Riel 1500:trial of Louis Riel 1484:trial of Louis Riel 1449:Battle of Loon Lake 1359:Battle of Cut Knife 1319:Frederick Middleton 1300:Battle of Cut Knife 1164:Frederick Middleton 1160:Battle of Duck Lake 786:to return from the 712:Red River Rebellion 689:Canadian Geographic 677:Although the terms 668:Red River Rebellion 567:Canadian government 551:resistance movement 402:78–103 Cree wounded 384:11 civilians killed 215:John Wimburn Laurie 210:Frederick Middleton 69:Battle of Cut Knife 7352:Bambatha Rebellion 7267:Anglo-Zanzibar War 7255:Chitral Expedition 7189:Anglo-Egyptian War 6961:Anglo-Ashanti wars 6666:Lord Dunmore's War 6624:Anglo-Cherokee War 6533:King William's War 6140:King William's War 5982:Métis buffalo hunt 5706:(Red River Colony) 5641:Modern Governments 5453:2016-01-01 at the 5411:2016-01-02 at the 5342:2015-11-17 at the 5335:(1968) pp 393–446 5281:, military history 5033:Lord of the Plains 4719:on October 6, 2009 4530:Historica-Dominion 3536:Beal and Macleod. 3521:Beal and Macleod. 3411:Beal and Macleod. 3396:Beal and Macleod. 2849:on 9 November 2013 2003:Lord of the Plains 1915:J.R.Miller's 1989 1789: 1713: 1709:Frog Lake massacre 1496: 1428: 1388: 1343:remarkable victory 1323: 1266:Queen's Own Rifles 1242: 1148: 836:Frog Lake Massacre 819: 764:seigneurial system 656:Northwest Uprising 576:capture of Batoche 487:Battleford (Siege) 117:Completion of the 7583: 7582: 7514:Malayan Emergency 7424:Malabar rebellion 7285:Siege of Malakand 7231:Anglo-Manipur War 7087:Anglo-Persian War 6636:Anglo-Spanish War 6588:King George's War 6509:King Philip's War 6485:Anglo-Spanish War 6364: 6363: 6355:Canada portal 6220:Russian Civil War 6155:King George's War 5995: 5994: 5757: 5744: 5725: 5716: 5707: 5687: 5564:on 8 January 2014 5473:978-0-8263-4415-1 5444:Canadian Speeches 5421:69#1 (1988): 1–20 5222:978-0-7710-1109-2 5162:978-1-926795-03-4 5121:978-1-55380-499-4 5096:978-1-55002-717-4 5061:Publishers Weekly 5042:978-0-345-35600-0 4921:978-0-919899-16-2 4737:Davidson, Keith. 3848:Saskatoon Gen Web 3300:978-0-7710-1109-2 3214:(1989) 21#3 pp 1+ 3023:Friesen, Gerald. 3010:978-0-8020-8153-7 2939:978-0-88864-237-0 2906:978-0-8020-3447-2 2656:978-1-4434-5014-0 2547:978-1-926795-03-4 2372:on 8 January 2014 1519:John A. Macdonald 1416:Battle of Batoche 1400:Montana Territory 1238:Qu'Appelle Valley 1134:In March 1885, a 627:Prairie Provinces 615:Battle of Batoche 530: 529: 517:Frenchman's Butte 429: 428: 414:Total (military): 199:John A. Macdonald 132: 131: 64:Battle of Batoche 7673: 7661:Canadian Militia 7532:Cyprus Emergency 7358:Maritz rebellion 7346:Tibet expedition 7279:Benin Expedition 7099:Indian Rebellion 7093:Second Opium War 7075:Eureka Rebellion 7051:British Honduras 7027:New Zealand Wars 6612:Seven Years' War 6558:Queen Anne's War 6391: 6384: 6377: 6368: 6367: 6353: 6352: 6351: 6339: 6338: 6225:Second World War 6145:Queen Anne's War 6077:Crown and Forces 6058:Colonial militia 6053:Canadian Militia 6022: 6015: 6008: 5999: 5998: 5849:Half-Breed Tract 5755: 5742: 5723: 5714: 5705: 5685: 5635: 5626: 5616: 5609: 5602: 5593: 5592: 5573: 5571: 5569: 5519: 5517: 5516: 5487: 5486: 5485: 5446:(May 1998) 12#2 5439:, historiography 5438: 5432: 5396: 5394: 5393: 5361: 5358:Manitoba History 5350:Canada 1874–1896 5348:Waite, Peter B. 5328: 5326: 5325: 5300: 5280: 5268: 5257: 5246: 5225: 5198: 5180: 5178: 5177: 5171: 5154: 5126: 5125: 5107: 5101: 5100: 5082: 5076: 5075: 5073: 5072: 5053: 5047: 5046: 5028: 5022: 5016: 5010: 5009: 4992: 4986: 4985: 4983: 4981: 4954: 4941: 4940: 4932: 4926: 4925: 4907: 4901: 4900: 4898: 4897: 4877: 4871: 4870: 4858: 4848: 4842: 4841: 4839: 4837: 4818: 4812: 4811: 4809: 4808: 4789: 4783: 4782: 4780: 4779: 4764: 4758: 4757: 4755: 4754: 4745:. Archived from 4734: 4728: 4727: 4725: 4724: 4715:. Archived from 4704: 4698: 4697: 4695: 4694: 4678: 4672: 4671: 4669: 4668: 4652: 4646: 4645: 4643: 4642: 4627: 4621: 4620: 4618: 4617: 4601: 4595: 4594: 4592: 4591: 4576: 4570: 4569: 4567: 4566: 4551: 4545: 4544: 4542: 4541: 4521: 4515: 4514: 4512: 4511: 4496: 4490: 4489: 4487: 4486: 4471: 4465: 4464: 4462: 4461: 4445: 4439: 4438: 4436: 4435: 4420: 4414: 4413: 4411: 4410: 4391: 4385: 4384: 4382: 4381: 4366: 4360: 4359: 4357: 4356: 4346: 4337: 4331: 4330: 4328: 4327: 4312: 4306: 4302: 4300: 4299: 4280: 4274: 4273: 4271: 4270: 4251: 4245: 4244: 4242: 4241: 4225: 4219: 4218: 4216: 4215: 4196: 4190: 4189: 4187: 4186: 4171: 4165: 4164: 4162: 4161: 4141: 4132: 4131: 4129: 4128: 4113: 4107: 4106: 4104: 4103: 4088: 4082: 4081: 4079: 4078: 4059: 4053: 4052: 4050: 4049: 4030: 4024: 4023: 4021: 4020: 4001: 3995: 3994: 3992: 3991: 3976: 3970: 3969: 3967: 3966: 3960: 3944: 3938: 3937: 3935: 3934: 3919: 3913: 3912: 3910: 3909: 3894: 3888: 3887: 3885: 3884: 3869: 3863: 3862: 3860: 3859: 3839: 3833: 3832: 3830: 3829: 3810: 3804: 3803:(1968) 1:416–423 3797: 3791: 3790: 3788: 3787: 3747: 3741: 3740: 3722: 3716: 3715: 3713: 3712: 3697: 3691: 3690: 3688: 3687: 3672: 3666: 3665: 3664: 3663: 3645: 3639: 3637: 3636: 3635: 3617: 3611: 3610: 3609: 3608: 3590: 3584: 3583: 3575: 3569: 3568: 3567: 3566: 3548: 3542: 3541: 3533: 3527: 3526: 3518: 3512: 3511: 3510: 3509: 3491: 3485: 3484: 3483: 3482: 3464: 3458: 3457: 3456: 3455: 3437: 3431: 3430: 3423: 3417: 3416: 3408: 3402: 3401: 3393: 3387: 3386: 3385: 3384: 3366: 3360: 3359: 3358: 3357: 3339: 3333: 3332: 3330: 3329: 3311: 3305: 3304: 3284: 3269: 3268: 3267: 3266: 3248: 3242: 3241: 3240: 3239: 3221: 3215: 3208: 3202: 3201: 3181: 3175: 3174: 3173: 3172: 3154: 3148: 3147: 3146: 3145: 3127: 3121: 3120: 3119: 3118: 3100: 3094: 3093: 3091: 3090: 3075: 3069: 3068: 3066: 3065: 3047: 3041: 3034: 3028: 3021: 3015: 3014: 2994: 2973: 2972: 2970: 2969: 2950: 2944: 2943: 2923: 2917: 2916: 2914: 2913: 2890: 2884: 2883: 2881: 2880: 2865: 2859: 2858: 2856: 2854: 2835: 2826: 2825: 2824: 2823: 2805: 2799: 2798: 2796: 2794: 2775: 2769: 2768: 2766: 2764: 2744: 2738: 2737: 2732:. Archived from 2721: 2702: 2701: 2699: 2697: 2691: 2676: 2667: 2661: 2660: 2642: 2636: 2635: 2633: 2632: 2608: 2599: 2598: 2596: 2594: 2585:. Archived from 2575: 2566: 2565: 2563: 2562: 2556: 2539: 2528: 2515: 2510: 2508: 2507: 2476: 2467: 2466: 2456: 2450: 2449: 2447: 2445: 2423: 2414: 2413: 2411: 2410: 2391: 2382: 2381: 2379: 2377: 2354: 2339: 2332: 2326: 2323: 2317: 2316: 2296: 2285: 2284: 2278: 2268: 2259: 2258: 2257: 2256: 2238: 2229: 2228: 2226: 2224: 2204: 2198: 2197: 2196: 2195: 2177: 2164: 2163: 2162: 2161: 2143: 2137: 2136: 2135: 2134: 2116: 2110: 2109: 2108: 2107: 2089: 2057: 2052: 2051: 2050: 2043: 2038: 2037: 2036: 1981:Cecil B. DeMille 1957:Stewart Sterling 1793:Canadian Militia 1750: 1669:Louis Riel Trail 1634: 1548: 1539: 1246:Canadian Militia 1195:Wandering Spirit 1140:Canadian Militia 1075: 1074: 1066: 1065: 1057: 1056: 1048: 1047: 1039: 1038: 1023: 1022: 1007: 1006: 991: 990: 975: 974: 959: 958: 943: 942: 927: 926: 911: 910: 895: 894: 888: 596:Canadian Militia 467: 465: 455: 448: 441: 432: 431: 396:48 Métis wounded 331: 320: 309: 302:Wandering Spirit 298: 287: 276: 260: 240:James J. Bremner 164: 163: 162: 149: 147: 146: 111:Collapse of the 76: 75: 60: 55: 38: 30: 21: 20: 7681: 7680: 7676: 7675: 7674: 7672: 7671: 7670: 7636:Métis in Canada 7586: 7585: 7584: 7579: 7520:Kenya Emergency 7326: 7320: 7315:Second Boer War 7309:Boxer Rebellion 7237:Pahang Uprising 7117:Ambela campaign 7039:Río de la Plata 7021:First Opium War 7003:Aden Expedition 6835:Río de la Plata 6797: 6791: 6762:Irish Rebellion 6654:First Carib War 6550: 6544: 6467:Confederate War 6461:Irish Rebellion 6411: 6405: 6395: 6365: 6360: 6349: 6347: 6326: 6290: 6259: 6245:Afghanistan War 6215:First World War 6125:Ango-French War 6108: 6031: 6026: 5996: 5991: 5935: 5872: 5775: 5728: 5690: 5636: 5620: 5567: 5565: 5548: 5540: 5535: 5514: 5512: 5505: 5483: 5481: 5474: 5455:Wayback Machine 5413:Wayback Machine 5391: 5389: 5382: 5344:Wayback Machine 5323: 5321: 5297: 5277: 5243: 5223: 5196: 5175: 5173: 5169: 5163: 5152: 5142: 5135: 5133:Further reading 5130: 5129: 5122: 5112:Song of Batoche 5108: 5104: 5097: 5083: 5079: 5070: 5068: 5055: 5054: 5050: 5043: 5029: 5025: 5017: 5013: 5007: 4993: 4989: 4979: 4977: 4955: 4944: 4933: 4929: 4922: 4908: 4904: 4895: 4893: 4878: 4874: 4867: 4849: 4845: 4835: 4833: 4820: 4819: 4815: 4806: 4804: 4791: 4790: 4786: 4777: 4775: 4766: 4765: 4761: 4752: 4750: 4735: 4731: 4722: 4720: 4705: 4701: 4692: 4690: 4679: 4675: 4666: 4664: 4653: 4649: 4640: 4638: 4629: 4628: 4624: 4615: 4613: 4602: 4598: 4589: 4587: 4578: 4577: 4573: 4564: 4562: 4553: 4552: 4548: 4539: 4537: 4522: 4518: 4509: 4507: 4498: 4497: 4493: 4484: 4482: 4473: 4472: 4468: 4459: 4457: 4446: 4442: 4433: 4431: 4422: 4421: 4417: 4408: 4406: 4393: 4392: 4388: 4379: 4377: 4368: 4367: 4363: 4354: 4352: 4344: 4338: 4334: 4325: 4323: 4314: 4313: 4309: 4297: 4295: 4282: 4281: 4277: 4268: 4266: 4253: 4252: 4248: 4239: 4237: 4226: 4222: 4213: 4211: 4198: 4197: 4193: 4184: 4182: 4173: 4172: 4168: 4159: 4157: 4142: 4135: 4126: 4124: 4115: 4114: 4110: 4101: 4099: 4090: 4089: 4085: 4076: 4074: 4061: 4060: 4056: 4047: 4045: 4032: 4031: 4027: 4018: 4016: 4003: 4002: 3998: 3989: 3987: 3978: 3977: 3973: 3964: 3962: 3958: 3946: 3945: 3941: 3932: 3930: 3921: 3920: 3916: 3907: 3905: 3896: 3895: 3891: 3882: 3880: 3871: 3870: 3866: 3857: 3855: 3840: 3836: 3827: 3825: 3812: 3811: 3807: 3798: 3794: 3785: 3783: 3748: 3744: 3737: 3723: 3719: 3710: 3708: 3699: 3698: 3694: 3685: 3683: 3674: 3673: 3669: 3661: 3659: 3646: 3642: 3633: 3631: 3618: 3614: 3606: 3604: 3591: 3587: 3576: 3572: 3564: 3562: 3549: 3545: 3534: 3530: 3519: 3515: 3507: 3505: 3492: 3488: 3480: 3478: 3465: 3461: 3453: 3451: 3438: 3434: 3425: 3424: 3420: 3409: 3405: 3394: 3390: 3382: 3380: 3367: 3363: 3355: 3353: 3340: 3336: 3327: 3325: 3312: 3308: 3301: 3285: 3272: 3264: 3262: 3249: 3245: 3237: 3235: 3222: 3218: 3209: 3205: 3198: 3182: 3178: 3170: 3168: 3155: 3151: 3143: 3141: 3128: 3124: 3116: 3114: 3101: 3097: 3088: 3086: 3077: 3076: 3072: 3063: 3061: 3048: 3044: 3036:Arthur J. Ray, 3035: 3031: 3022: 3018: 3011: 2995: 2976: 2967: 2965: 2952: 2951: 2947: 2940: 2924: 2920: 2911: 2909: 2907: 2891: 2887: 2878: 2876: 2867: 2866: 2862: 2852: 2850: 2837: 2836: 2829: 2821: 2819: 2806: 2802: 2792: 2790: 2777: 2776: 2772: 2762: 2760: 2745: 2741: 2722: 2705: 2695: 2693: 2689: 2674: 2668: 2664: 2657: 2643: 2639: 2630: 2628: 2609: 2602: 2592: 2590: 2577: 2576: 2569: 2560: 2558: 2554: 2548: 2537: 2529: 2518: 2513:Thomas Flanagan 2505: 2503: 2496: 2480:Stanley, George 2477: 2470: 2457: 2453: 2443: 2441: 2424: 2417: 2408: 2406: 2393: 2392: 2385: 2375: 2373: 2356: 2355: 2342: 2334:J. M. Bumsted, 2333: 2329: 2324: 2320: 2313: 2297: 2288: 2269: 2262: 2254: 2252: 2239: 2232: 2222: 2220: 2205: 2201: 2193: 2191: 2178: 2167: 2159: 2157: 2144: 2140: 2132: 2130: 2117: 2113: 2105: 2103: 2090: 2081: 2076: 2053: 2048: 2046: 2039: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2020:Song of Batoche 1953: 1821: 1752: 1748: 1636: 1632: 1619: 1607:Indian reserves 1595: 1575: 1562: 1561: 1560: 1559: 1551: 1550: 1549: 1541: 1540: 1476: 1408: 1380: 1339: 1230: 1217:Francis Dickens 1189:On April 2, at 1176:Fort Battleford 1128: 1119: 1092: 1091: 1090: 1084: 1078: 1077: 1076: 1068: 1067: 1059: 1058: 1050: 1049: 1041: 1040: 1032: 1031: 1030: 1024: 1016: 1015: 1014: 1008: 1000: 999: 998: 992: 984: 983: 982: 976: 968: 967: 966: 960: 952: 951: 950: 944: 936: 935: 934: 928: 920: 919: 918: 912: 904: 903: 902: 896: 880: 768:French-Canadian 750:on or near the 708: 672:Riel Rebellions 652:1885 Resistance 640: 549:, was an armed 531: 526: 468: 463: 461: 459: 425: 422:126–151 wounded 412: 399:10–17 Cree dead 387: 365: 353: 334: 244: 235:Francis Dickens 184: 160: 158: 144: 142: 128: 99: 66: 61: 32: 25: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7679: 7669: 7668: 7663: 7658: 7653: 7648: 7643: 7638: 7633: 7628: 7623: 7618: 7613: 7608: 7603: 7601:1885 in Canada 7598: 7581: 7580: 7578: 7577: 7571: 7565: 7559: 7553: 7547: 7541: 7535: 7529: 7523: 7517: 7511: 7505: 7499: 7493: 7487: 7481: 7475: 7469: 7463: 7460:Barzani revolt 7457: 7451: 7445: 7439: 7433: 7427: 7421: 7415: 7409: 7403: 7397: 7391: 7385: 7379: 7373: 7367: 7361: 7355: 7349: 7343: 7337: 7330: 7328: 7322: 7321: 7319: 7318: 7312: 7306: 7300: 7297:Tirah campaign 7294: 7288: 7282: 7276: 7270: 7264: 7258: 7252: 7246: 7240: 7234: 7228: 7222: 7216: 7210: 7207:Central Africa 7204: 7198: 7192: 7186: 7180: 7177:First Boer War 7174: 7168: 7162: 7159:Anglo-Zulu War 7156: 7150: 7144: 7138: 7132: 7126: 7120: 7114: 7108: 7102: 7096: 7090: 7084: 7078: 7072: 7066: 7060: 7054: 7048: 7042: 7036: 7030: 7024: 7018: 7012: 7006: 7000: 6994: 6988: 6982: 6976: 6970: 6964: 6958: 6952: 6946: 6940: 6934: 6928: 6922: 6916: 6910: 6904: 6898: 6892: 6886: 6880: 6874: 6868: 6862: 6856: 6850: 6847:Froberg mutiny 6844: 6838: 6832: 6826: 6820: 6814: 6808: 6801: 6799: 6793: 6792: 6790: 6789: 6783: 6777: 6771: 6765: 6759: 6753: 6747: 6741: 6735: 6729: 6723: 6717: 6711: 6705: 6699: 6693: 6687: 6681: 6675: 6669: 6663: 6657: 6651: 6645: 6639: 6633: 6627: 6621: 6615: 6609: 6603: 6597: 6591: 6585: 6579: 6573: 6567: 6561: 6554: 6552: 6546: 6545: 6543: 6542: 6536: 6530: 6527:Williamite War 6524: 6518: 6512: 6506: 6500: 6494: 6488: 6482: 6476: 6470: 6464: 6458: 6452: 6446: 6440: 6434: 6428: 6422: 6415: 6413: 6407: 6406: 6403:British Empire 6394: 6393: 6386: 6379: 6371: 6362: 6361: 6359: 6358: 6344: 6331: 6328: 6327: 6325: 6324: 6319: 6314: 6309: 6304: 6298: 6296: 6292: 6291: 6289: 6288: 6283: 6278: 6273: 6267: 6265: 6261: 6260: 6258: 6257: 6252: 6247: 6242: 6237: 6232: 6227: 6222: 6217: 6212: 6207: 6202: 6197: 6192: 6187: 6182: 6177: 6172: 6167: 6162: 6157: 6152: 6147: 6142: 6137: 6132: 6127: 6122: 6116: 6114: 6110: 6109: 6107: 6106: 6101: 6096: 6091: 6090: 6089: 6079: 6074: 6069: 6064: 6063: 6062: 6061: 6060: 6045: 6039: 6037: 6036:History of ... 6033: 6032: 6025: 6024: 6017: 6010: 6002: 5993: 5992: 5990: 5989: 5984: 5979: 5974: 5969: 5964: 5959: 5954: 5952:Chinook Jargon 5949: 5943: 5941: 5937: 5936: 5934: 5933: 5928: 5923: 5918: 5913: 5908: 5903: 5898: 5893: 5892: 5891: 5884:Canadian Métis 5880: 5878: 5874: 5873: 5871: 5870: 5867:Daniels ruling 5864: 5858: 5857: 5856: 5846: 5841: 5835: 5829: 5823: 5817: 5811: 5806: 5801: 5800: 5799: 5794: 5783: 5781: 5777: 5776: 5774: 5773: 5768: 5763: 5758: 5750: 5745: 5736: 5734: 5730: 5729: 5727: 5726: 5717: 5708: 5698: 5696: 5692: 5691: 5689: 5688: 5680: 5675: 5670: 5665: 5660: 5655: 5650: 5644: 5642: 5638: 5637: 5619: 5618: 5611: 5604: 5596: 5590: 5589: 5584: 5579: 5574: 5546: 5539: 5538:External links 5536: 5534: 5533: 5520: 5503: 5488: 5472: 5457: 5440: 5422: 5415: 5398: 5381:978-0176442446 5380: 5365: 5353: 5346: 5329: 5301: 5295: 5282: 5275: 5258: 5247: 5241: 5226: 5221: 5206: 5199: 5194: 5181: 5161: 5138:Main article: 5136: 5134: 5131: 5128: 5127: 5120: 5102: 5095: 5077: 5048: 5041: 5023: 5011: 5005: 4987: 4942: 4927: 4920: 4902: 4872: 4865: 4843: 4813: 4784: 4759: 4729: 4699: 4673: 4647: 4622: 4596: 4571: 4546: 4516: 4491: 4466: 4440: 4415: 4386: 4361: 4332: 4307: 4284:"Parks Canada" 4275: 4246: 4220: 4191: 4166: 4133: 4108: 4083: 4054: 4025: 3996: 3971: 3939: 3914: 3889: 3864: 3834: 3805: 3792: 3762:(2): 171–195. 3742: 3735: 3717: 3692: 3667: 3640: 3612: 3585: 3582:. p. 384. 3570: 3543: 3528: 3513: 3486: 3459: 3432: 3418: 3415:. p. 238. 3403: 3400:. p. 223. 3388: 3361: 3334: 3317:The Early West 3306: 3299: 3270: 3243: 3216: 3203: 3196: 3176: 3149: 3122: 3095: 3070: 3053:The Early West 3042: 3029: 3016: 3009: 2974: 2945: 2938: 2918: 2905: 2885: 2860: 2827: 2800: 2770: 2739: 2703: 2662: 2655: 2637: 2600: 2567: 2546: 2516: 2494: 2468: 2451: 2415: 2383: 2340: 2327: 2318: 2311: 2286: 2260: 2230: 2199: 2165: 2138: 2111: 2078: 2077: 2075: 2072: 2071: 2070: 2065: 2059: 2058: 2044: 2028: 2025: 2024: 2023: 2017: 2006: 2000: 1994: 1984: 1972: 1952: 1949: 1843:Desmond Morton 1831:George Stanley 1820: 1819:Historiography 1817: 1741: 1717:Marr Residence 1680:Steele Narrows 1624: 1618: 1615: 1594: 1591: 1574: 1571: 1553: 1552: 1543: 1542: 1534: 1533: 1532: 1531: 1530: 1475: 1472: 1407: 1404: 1379: 1376: 1338: 1335: 1270:9th Voltigeurs 1229: 1226: 1127: 1124: 1118: 1115: 1080: 1079: 1070: 1069: 1061: 1060: 1052: 1051: 1043: 1042: 1034: 1033: 1026: 1025: 1018: 1017: 1010: 1009: 1002: 1001: 994: 993: 986: 985: 978: 977: 970: 969: 962: 961: 954: 953: 946: 945: 938: 937: 930: 929: 922: 921: 914: 913: 906: 905: 898: 897: 890: 889: 883: 882: 881: 879: 876: 864:Albert Lacombe 796:Honoré Jackson 792:Gabriel Dumont 722:region of the 707: 704: 639: 636: 592:Honoré Jackson 528: 527: 525: 524: 519: 514: 509: 504: 499: 494: 489: 484: 479: 473: 470: 469: 458: 457: 450: 443: 435: 427: 426: 424: 423: 420: 416: 411: 410: 403: 400: 397: 394: 390: 388: 386: 385: 382: 379: 375: 372: 371: 367: 366: 364: 363: 360: 356: 354: 352: 351: 348: 344: 341: 340: 336: 335: 333: 332: 321: 310: 299: 288: 277: 269:Honoré Jackson 266: 264:Gabriel Dumont 261: 247: 245: 243: 242: 237: 232: 227: 222: 217: 212: 207: 202: 194: 191: 190: 186: 185: 183: 182: 173: 155: 153: 139: 138: 134: 133: 130: 129: 127: 126: 121: 115: 108: 105: 101: 100: 90: 88: 84: 83: 80: 72: 71: 48: 47: 40: 39: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7678: 7667: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7657: 7654: 7652: 7649: 7647: 7644: 7642: 7639: 7637: 7634: 7632: 7629: 7627: 7624: 7622: 7619: 7617: 7614: 7612: 7609: 7607: 7604: 7602: 7599: 7597: 7594: 7593: 7591: 7575: 7572: 7569: 7566: 7563: 7560: 7557: 7554: 7551: 7548: 7545: 7542: 7539: 7536: 7533: 7530: 7527: 7524: 7521: 7518: 7515: 7512: 7509: 7506: 7503: 7500: 7497: 7494: 7491: 7488: 7485: 7482: 7479: 7476: 7473: 7470: 7467: 7464: 7461: 7458: 7455: 7452: 7449: 7448:Ikhwan revolt 7446: 7443: 7440: 7437: 7434: 7431: 7428: 7425: 7422: 7419: 7416: 7413: 7410: 7407: 7404: 7401: 7398: 7395: 7392: 7389: 7386: 7383: 7380: 7377: 7374: 7371: 7368: 7365: 7362: 7359: 7356: 7353: 7350: 7347: 7344: 7341: 7338: 7335: 7332: 7331: 7329: 7323: 7316: 7313: 7310: 7307: 7304: 7301: 7298: 7295: 7292: 7289: 7286: 7283: 7280: 7277: 7274: 7271: 7268: 7265: 7262: 7259: 7256: 7253: 7250: 7247: 7244: 7241: 7238: 7235: 7232: 7229: 7226: 7223: 7220: 7217: 7214: 7211: 7208: 7205: 7202: 7199: 7196: 7193: 7190: 7187: 7184: 7181: 7178: 7175: 7172: 7169: 7166: 7163: 7160: 7157: 7154: 7151: 7148: 7145: 7142: 7139: 7136: 7133: 7130: 7127: 7124: 7121: 7118: 7115: 7112: 7109: 7106: 7103: 7100: 7097: 7094: 7091: 7088: 7085: 7082: 7079: 7076: 7073: 7070: 7067: 7064: 7061: 7058: 7055: 7052: 7049: 7046: 7043: 7040: 7037: 7034: 7031: 7028: 7025: 7022: 7019: 7016: 7013: 7010: 7007: 7004: 7001: 6998: 6995: 6992: 6989: 6986: 6983: 6980: 6977: 6974: 6971: 6968: 6965: 6962: 6959: 6956: 6953: 6950: 6947: 6944: 6941: 6938: 6935: 6932: 6929: 6926: 6923: 6920: 6917: 6914: 6911: 6908: 6905: 6902: 6899: 6896: 6895:Spice Islands 6893: 6890: 6887: 6884: 6881: 6878: 6875: 6872: 6869: 6866: 6863: 6860: 6857: 6854: 6853:Santo Domingo 6851: 6848: 6845: 6842: 6839: 6836: 6833: 6830: 6827: 6824: 6821: 6818: 6815: 6812: 6809: 6806: 6803: 6802: 6800: 6794: 6787: 6784: 6781: 6778: 6775: 6772: 6769: 6766: 6763: 6760: 6757: 6754: 6751: 6748: 6745: 6742: 6739: 6736: 6733: 6730: 6727: 6724: 6721: 6718: 6715: 6712: 6709: 6706: 6703: 6700: 6697: 6694: 6691: 6688: 6685: 6682: 6679: 6676: 6673: 6670: 6667: 6664: 6661: 6658: 6655: 6652: 6649: 6646: 6643: 6642:Pontiac's War 6640: 6637: 6634: 6631: 6628: 6625: 6622: 6619: 6616: 6613: 6610: 6607: 6604: 6601: 6598: 6595: 6594:Carnatic Wars 6592: 6589: 6586: 6583: 6580: 6577: 6574: 6571: 6568: 6565: 6564:Tuscarora War 6562: 6559: 6556: 6555: 6553: 6547: 6540: 6537: 6534: 6531: 6528: 6525: 6522: 6519: 6516: 6513: 6510: 6507: 6504: 6501: 6498: 6495: 6492: 6489: 6486: 6483: 6480: 6477: 6474: 6471: 6468: 6465: 6462: 6459: 6456: 6453: 6450: 6447: 6444: 6441: 6438: 6435: 6432: 6429: 6426: 6423: 6420: 6417: 6416: 6414: 6408: 6404: 6400: 6392: 6387: 6385: 6380: 6378: 6373: 6372: 6369: 6357: 6356: 6345: 6343: 6342: 6333: 6332: 6329: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6315: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6305: 6303: 6300: 6299: 6297: 6293: 6287: 6284: 6282: 6279: 6277: 6274: 6272: 6269: 6268: 6266: 6262: 6256: 6253: 6251: 6248: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6233: 6231: 6228: 6226: 6223: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6208: 6206: 6203: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6191: 6188: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6178: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6168: 6166: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6117: 6115: 6111: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6088: 6085: 6084: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6059: 6056: 6055: 6054: 6051: 6050: 6049: 6046: 6044: 6041: 6040: 6038: 6034: 6030: 6023: 6018: 6016: 6011: 6009: 6004: 6003: 6000: 5988: 5987:Red River Jig 5985: 5983: 5980: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5955: 5953: 5950: 5948: 5945: 5944: 5942: 5938: 5932: 5929: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5904: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5890: 5887: 5886: 5885: 5882: 5881: 5879: 5875: 5868: 5865: 5862: 5861:Powley ruling 5859: 5855: 5852: 5851: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5839: 5836: 5833: 5830: 5827: 5824: 5821: 5818: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5798: 5795: 5793: 5790: 5789: 5788: 5785: 5784: 5782: 5778: 5772: 5769: 5767: 5764: 5762: 5759: 5756:(Canada-wide) 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5743:(Canada-wide) 5741: 5738: 5737: 5735: 5733:Organizations 5731: 5721: 5718: 5712: 5709: 5703: 5700: 5699: 5697: 5693: 5684: 5681: 5679: 5676: 5674: 5671: 5669: 5666: 5664: 5661: 5659: 5656: 5654: 5651: 5649: 5646: 5645: 5643: 5639: 5634: 5629: 5625: 5617: 5612: 5610: 5605: 5603: 5598: 5597: 5594: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5578: 5575: 5563: 5559: 5555: 5551: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5541: 5532: 5528: 5525: 5521: 5510: 5506: 5504:9780889209589 5500: 5496: 5495: 5489: 5479: 5475: 5469: 5465: 5464: 5458: 5456: 5452: 5449: 5445: 5441: 5436: 5431: 5430: 5423: 5420: 5416: 5414: 5410: 5407: 5403: 5399: 5387: 5383: 5377: 5373: 5372: 5366: 5364: 5359: 5354: 5351: 5347: 5345: 5341: 5338: 5334: 5331:Wade, Mason. 5330: 5319: 5315: 5311: 5307: 5302: 5298: 5296:1-895618-88-6 5292: 5288: 5283: 5278: 5276:0-88866-512-1 5272: 5267: 5266: 5259: 5255: 5254: 5248: 5244: 5242:0-8020-4708-4 5238: 5234: 5233: 5227: 5224: 5218: 5214: 5213: 5207: 5204: 5200: 5197: 5195:0-9683493-3-1 5191: 5187: 5182: 5168: 5164: 5158: 5151: 5150: 5144: 5143: 5141: 5123: 5117: 5113: 5106: 5098: 5092: 5088: 5081: 5066: 5062: 5058: 5052: 5044: 5038: 5034: 5027: 5021: 5015: 5008: 5006:0-9683493-3-1 5002: 4998: 4991: 4976: 4972: 4968: 4964: 4960: 4953: 4951: 4949: 4947: 4938: 4931: 4923: 4917: 4913: 4906: 4891: 4887: 4883: 4876: 4868: 4866:0-88866-512-1 4862: 4857: 4856: 4847: 4831: 4827: 4823: 4817: 4802: 4798: 4794: 4788: 4773: 4769: 4763: 4748: 4744: 4740: 4733: 4718: 4714: 4710: 4703: 4689:on 2012-09-11 4688: 4684: 4677: 4662: 4658: 4651: 4637:on 2011-07-06 4636: 4632: 4626: 4612:on 2009-09-04 4611: 4607: 4600: 4586:on 2011-06-05 4585: 4581: 4575: 4561:on 2011-06-05 4560: 4556: 4550: 4535: 4531: 4527: 4520: 4505: 4501: 4495: 4481:on 2009-04-15 4480: 4476: 4470: 4455: 4451: 4444: 4429: 4425: 4419: 4405:on 2011-07-16 4404: 4400: 4396: 4390: 4375: 4371: 4365: 4350: 4343: 4336: 4322:on 2008-05-25 4321: 4317: 4311: 4305: 4293: 4289: 4285: 4279: 4264: 4260: 4256: 4250: 4236:on 2012-11-06 4235: 4231: 4224: 4210:on 2009-12-13 4209: 4205: 4204:M.R. Internet 4201: 4195: 4181:on 2008-08-20 4180: 4176: 4170: 4155: 4151: 4147: 4140: 4138: 4122: 4119:. 1997–2007. 4118: 4112: 4098:on 2009-07-24 4097: 4093: 4087: 4073:on 2005-08-24 4072: 4068: 4064: 4058: 4043: 4039: 4035: 4029: 4014: 4010: 4006: 4000: 3986:on 2009-05-26 3985: 3981: 3975: 3961:on 2008-10-05 3957: 3953: 3949: 3943: 3928: 3924: 3918: 3903: 3899: 3893: 3878: 3874: 3868: 3853: 3849: 3845: 3838: 3823: 3819: 3815: 3809: 3802: 3796: 3781: 3777: 3773: 3769: 3765: 3761: 3757: 3753: 3746: 3738: 3732: 3728: 3721: 3707:on 2015-07-01 3706: 3702: 3696: 3682:on 2014-12-03 3681: 3677: 3671: 3657: 3653: 3652: 3644: 3629: 3625: 3624: 3616: 3602: 3598: 3597: 3589: 3581: 3574: 3560: 3556: 3555: 3547: 3539: 3532: 3524: 3517: 3503: 3499: 3498: 3490: 3476: 3472: 3471: 3463: 3449: 3445: 3444: 3436: 3429:. p. 19. 3428: 3422: 3414: 3407: 3399: 3392: 3378: 3374: 3373: 3365: 3351: 3347: 3346: 3338: 3324:on 2015-09-04 3323: 3319: 3318: 3310: 3302: 3296: 3292: 3291: 3283: 3281: 3279: 3277: 3275: 3260: 3256: 3255: 3247: 3233: 3229: 3228: 3220: 3213: 3207: 3199: 3197:9780889209589 3193: 3189: 3188: 3180: 3166: 3162: 3161: 3153: 3139: 3135: 3134: 3126: 3112: 3108: 3107: 3099: 3084: 3080: 3074: 3060:on 2015-09-04 3059: 3055: 3054: 3046: 3039: 3033: 3026: 3020: 3012: 3006: 3002: 3001: 2993: 2991: 2989: 2987: 2985: 2983: 2981: 2979: 2963: 2959: 2955: 2949: 2941: 2935: 2931: 2930: 2922: 2908: 2902: 2898: 2897: 2889: 2874: 2870: 2864: 2848: 2844: 2840: 2834: 2832: 2817: 2813: 2812: 2804: 2788: 2784: 2780: 2774: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2743: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2720: 2718: 2716: 2714: 2712: 2710: 2708: 2688: 2684: 2680: 2673: 2666: 2658: 2652: 2648: 2641: 2626: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2607: 2605: 2588: 2584: 2580: 2574: 2572: 2553: 2549: 2543: 2536: 2535: 2527: 2525: 2523: 2521: 2514: 2501: 2497: 2495:0-8020-6931-2 2491: 2487: 2486: 2481: 2475: 2473: 2464: 2463: 2455: 2439: 2435: 2434: 2429: 2422: 2420: 2404: 2400: 2396: 2390: 2388: 2371: 2367: 2363: 2359: 2353: 2351: 2349: 2347: 2345: 2337: 2331: 2322: 2314: 2312:0-8020-4708-4 2308: 2304: 2303: 2295: 2293: 2291: 2282: 2277: 2276: 2267: 2265: 2250: 2246: 2245: 2237: 2235: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2203: 2189: 2185: 2184: 2176: 2174: 2172: 2170: 2155: 2151: 2150: 2142: 2128: 2124: 2123: 2115: 2101: 2097: 2096: 2088: 2086: 2084: 2079: 2069: 2066: 2064: 2061: 2060: 2056: 2055:Canada portal 2045: 2042: 2031: 2021: 2018: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2004: 2001: 1998: 1995: 1992: 1988: 1985: 1982: 1978: 1977: 1973: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1955: 1954: 1948: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1925: 1922: 1918: 1913: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1898: 1896: 1891: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1879:Gilles Martel 1876: 1872: 1866: 1863: 1858: 1856: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1827: 1825: 1816: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1786: 1782: 1777: 1773: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1762: 1757: 1751: 1745: 1740: 1737: 1734: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1722: 1718: 1710: 1705: 1701: 1699: 1694: 1692: 1686: 1683: 1681: 1677: 1672: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1650: 1644: 1642: 1635: 1629: 1623: 1614: 1610: 1608: 1604: 1599: 1590: 1588: 1587: 1582: 1581: 1570: 1568: 1557: 1547: 1538: 1529: 1527: 1522: 1520: 1516: 1511: 1509: 1508:French Canada 1505: 1501: 1493: 1492:French Canada 1489: 1485: 1480: 1471: 1468: 1464: 1461: 1457: 1454: 1450: 1445: 1443: 1439: 1434: 1431: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1412: 1403: 1401: 1396: 1393: 1384: 1375: 1372: 1371:flying column 1368: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1355:William Otter 1352: 1347: 1344: 1334: 1332: 1328: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1307: 1303: 1301: 1297: 1296:Swift Current 1292: 1290: 1286: 1281: 1277: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1239: 1234: 1225: 1223: 1218: 1214: 1209: 1207: 1202: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1187: 1186:on April 26. 1185: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1168: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1132: 1123: 1117:Course of war 1114: 1112: 1111:Charles Nolin 1106: 1104: 1103:Prince Albert 1099: 1095: 1088: 1083: 1029: 1013: 997: 981: 965: 949: 933: 917: 901: 887: 875: 873: 869: 865: 861: 855: 853: 852:Edgar Dewdney 849: 845: 841: 837: 833: 828: 824: 816: 812: 807: 803: 801: 797: 793: 789: 788:United States 785: 781: 776: 774: 773:buffalo herds 769: 765: 761: 757: 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 713: 703: 701: 697: 696: 691: 690: 684: 680: 675: 673: 669: 665: 661: 657: 653: 649: 645: 635: 633: 628: 622: 620: 616: 612: 608: 604: 599: 597: 593: 588: 584: 583:1870 uprising 579: 578:in May 1885. 577: 572: 568: 564: 560: 556: 552: 548: 544: 540: 536: 523: 520: 518: 515: 513: 510: 508: 505: 503: 500: 498: 495: 493: 490: 488: 485: 483: 480: 478: 475: 474: 471: 466: 456: 451: 449: 444: 442: 437: 436: 433: 421: 418: 417: 415: 408: 404: 401: 398: 395: 393:33 Métis dead 392: 391: 389: 383: 380: 377: 376: 374: 373: 368: 361: 358: 357: 355: 349: 346: 345: 343: 342: 337: 330: 325: 322: 319: 314: 311: 308: 303: 300: 297: 292: 289: 286: 281: 278: 275: 270: 267: 265: 262: 259: 254: 253: 249: 248: 246: 241: 238: 236: 233: 231: 228: 226: 223: 221: 218: 216: 213: 211: 208: 206: 203: 201: 200: 196: 195: 193: 192: 187: 181: 177: 174: 171: 167: 157: 156: 154: 152: 141: 140: 135: 125: 122: 120: 116: 114: 110: 109: 106: 103: 102: 98: 94: 89: 86: 85: 81: 78: 77: 73: 70: 65: 59: 54: 49: 46: 41: 36: 29: 22: 19: 7418:Iraqi Revolt 7273:Matabeleland 7249:North Borneo 7243:Matabeleland 7195:Saskatchewan 7194: 6997:Upper Canada 6991:Lower Canada 6949:Persian Gulf 6865:Persian Gulf 6805:Newfoundland 6786:Polygar Wars 6756:Kandyan Wars 6708:Nootka Sound 6346: 6334: 6312:Peacekeeping 6302:Bibliography 6204: 6195:Fenian raids 6185:Pemmican War 6150:Dummer's War 6104:Peacekeeping 6072:Conscription 5977:Métis fiddle 5962:Métis French 5837: 5809:Pemmican War 5787:Indian trade 5713:(1873–1878) 5568:17 September 5566:. Retrieved 5562:the original 5553: 5526: 5523: 5513:. Retrieved 5493: 5482:, retrieved 5462: 5443: 5428: 5418: 5401: 5390:. Retrieved 5370: 5357: 5349: 5332: 5322:. Retrieved 5313: 5309: 5286: 5264: 5252: 5231: 5211: 5202: 5185: 5174:. Retrieved 5148: 5111: 5105: 5086: 5080: 5069:. Retrieved 5060: 5051: 5032: 5026: 5014: 4996: 4990: 4978:. Retrieved 4966: 4962: 4936: 4930: 4911: 4905: 4894:. Retrieved 4885: 4875: 4854: 4846: 4834:. Retrieved 4825: 4816: 4805:. Retrieved 4796: 4787: 4776:. Retrieved 4762: 4751:. Retrieved 4747:the original 4742: 4732: 4721:. Retrieved 4717:the original 4712: 4702: 4691:. Retrieved 4687:the original 4676: 4665:. Retrieved 4650: 4639:. Retrieved 4635:the original 4631:"Our Legacy" 4625: 4614:. Retrieved 4610:the original 4599: 4588:. Retrieved 4584:the original 4574: 4563:. Retrieved 4559:the original 4549: 4538:. Retrieved 4529: 4519: 4508:. Retrieved 4494: 4483:. Retrieved 4479:the original 4469: 4458:. Retrieved 4443: 4432:. Retrieved 4418: 4407:. Retrieved 4403:the original 4398: 4389: 4378:. Retrieved 4364: 4353:. Retrieved 4335: 4324:. Retrieved 4320:the original 4310: 4296:. Retrieved 4287: 4278: 4267:. Retrieved 4258: 4249: 4238:. Retrieved 4234:the original 4223: 4212:. Retrieved 4208:the original 4203: 4194: 4183:. Retrieved 4179:the original 4169: 4158:. Retrieved 4149: 4125:. Retrieved 4111: 4100:. Retrieved 4096:the original 4086: 4075:. Retrieved 4071:the original 4066: 4057: 4046:. Retrieved 4037: 4028: 4017:. Retrieved 4008: 3999: 3988:. Retrieved 3984:the original 3974: 3963:. Retrieved 3956:the original 3951: 3942: 3931:. Retrieved 3917: 3906:. Retrieved 3892: 3881:. Retrieved 3867: 3856:. Retrieved 3847: 3837: 3826:. Retrieved 3822:the original 3817: 3808: 3800: 3799:Mason Wade, 3795: 3784:. Retrieved 3759: 3755: 3745: 3726: 3720: 3709:. Retrieved 3705:the original 3695: 3684:. Retrieved 3680:the original 3670: 3660:, retrieved 3650: 3643: 3632:, retrieved 3622: 3615: 3605:, retrieved 3595: 3588: 3579: 3573: 3563:, retrieved 3553: 3546: 3538:Prairie Fire 3537: 3531: 3523:Prairie Fire 3522: 3516: 3506:, retrieved 3496: 3489: 3479:, retrieved 3469: 3462: 3452:, retrieved 3442: 3435: 3426: 3421: 3413:Prairie Fire 3412: 3406: 3398:Prairie Fire 3397: 3391: 3381:, retrieved 3371: 3364: 3354:, retrieved 3344: 3337: 3326:. Retrieved 3322:the original 3316: 3309: 3289: 3263:, retrieved 3253: 3246: 3236:, retrieved 3226: 3219: 3211: 3206: 3186: 3179: 3169:, retrieved 3159: 3152: 3142:, retrieved 3132: 3125: 3115:, retrieved 3105: 3098: 3087:. Retrieved 3073: 3062:. Retrieved 3058:the original 3052: 3045: 3037: 3032: 3024: 3019: 2999: 2966:. Retrieved 2957: 2948: 2928: 2921: 2910:. Retrieved 2895: 2888: 2877:. Retrieved 2863: 2853:17 September 2851:. Retrieved 2847:the original 2842: 2820:, retrieved 2810: 2803: 2793:10 September 2791:. Retrieved 2782: 2773: 2761:. Retrieved 2752: 2742: 2734:the original 2729: 2694:. Retrieved 2685:(4): 54–65. 2682: 2678: 2665: 2646: 2640: 2629:. Retrieved 2620: 2616: 2591:. Retrieved 2587:the original 2582: 2559:. Retrieved 2533: 2504:. Retrieved 2484: 2461: 2454: 2442:. Retrieved 2431: 2407:. Retrieved 2398: 2376:17 September 2374:. Retrieved 2370:the original 2361: 2335: 2330: 2321: 2301: 2274: 2253:, retrieved 2243: 2221:. Retrieved 2217:the original 2212: 2202: 2192:, retrieved 2182: 2158:, retrieved 2148: 2141: 2131:, retrieved 2121: 2114: 2104:, retrieved 2094: 2019: 2009: 2002: 1986: 1974: 1960: 1932: 1928: 1926: 1920: 1916: 1914: 1901: 1899: 1894: 1892: 1886: 1875:Raymond Huel 1873:by Stanley, 1870: 1867: 1865:population. 1861: 1859: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1838: 1834: 1828: 1822: 1797:Queen's Park 1790: 1781:Queen's Park 1769: 1765: 1761:Battle River 1753: 1747: 1743: 1738: 1735: 1729: 1725: 1714: 1697: 1695: 1687: 1684: 1673: 1668: 1652: 1645: 1637: 1631: 1626: 1620: 1611: 1600: 1596: 1584: 1578: 1576: 1563: 1523: 1512: 1497: 1465: 1462: 1458: 1446: 1435: 1432: 1429: 1397: 1389: 1348: 1340: 1324: 1313:was a major 1293: 1291:on the way. 1282: 1278: 1243: 1210: 1203: 1199:Indian agent 1188: 1180:Lac la Biche 1169: 1149: 1120: 1107: 1100: 1096: 1093: 878:Demographics 856: 820: 777: 720:Fort Carlton 709: 693: 687: 682: 678: 676: 671: 663: 659: 655: 651: 647: 643: 641: 638:Nomenclature 623: 600: 580: 546: 534: 532: 462: 413: 250: 205:Leif Crozier 197: 137:Belligerents 93:Saskatchewan 91:Present-day 43:Part of the 18: 7538:Suez Crisis 7436:Transjordan 7340:West Africa 7317:(1899–1902) 7311:(1898–1901) 7303:Six-Day War 7251:(1894–1905) 7239:(1891–1895) 7219:Mashonaland 7183:Mahdist War 7123:Shimonoseki 7053:(1847–1901) 6963:(1824–1901) 6931:Cape Colony 6829:Cape Colony 6788:(1799–1805) 6782:(1799–1803) 6770:(1798–1800) 6758:(1796–1818) 6732:Cape Colony 6722:(1793–1806) 6704:(1788–1934) 6600:Nova Scotia 6570:Yamasee War 6541:(1694–1700) 6515:Child's War 6503:2nd Tangier 6497:1st Tangier 6493:(1655–1739) 6443:Saint Kitts 6421:(1593–1603) 6180:War of 1812 6120:Beaver Wars 6094:Nova Scotia 5906:Bois-Brûlés 5901:Anglo-Métis 5834:(1869–1870) 5828:(est. 1864) 5360:(48): 2–18. 4980:6 September 4836:5 September 4683:"Cut Knife" 4526:"Fort Pitt" 2696:5 September 2593:5 September 2444:5 September 2014:B. J. Bayle 2012:(1998), by 1815:, Ontario. 1657:Saint-Vital 1367:gatling gun 1302:on the way 780:Anglo-Métis 740:St. Laurent 381:141 wounded 180:Assiniboine 7626:Louis Riel 7590:Categories 7442:Pink's War 7334:Somaliland 7171:Basutoland 6925:Guadeloupe 6907:Xhosa Wars 6889:Seychelles 6871:Guadeloupe 6859:Martinique 6726:Rohilkhand 6690:Gold Coast 6660:Rohilkhand 6618:Bengal War 6455:Pequot War 6307:Operations 6235:Korean War 6082:New France 5957:Hivernants 5889:in Alberta 5515:2015-11-17 5484:2015-11-17 5392:2015-11-17 5324:2015-11-05 5176:2022-09-05 5071:2021-03-07 4969:(1): 124. 4896:2013-01-18 4807:2009-09-20 4778:2014-04-10 4753:2009-09-20 4723:2009-09-20 4693:2009-09-20 4667:2009-09-20 4641:2009-09-20 4616:2009-09-20 4590:2009-09-20 4565:2009-09-20 4540:2009-09-20 4510:2014-04-10 4485:2009-09-20 4460:2009-09-20 4434:2009-09-20 4409:2009-09-20 4380:2014-04-10 4355:2009-09-20 4326:2009-03-20 4298:2009-09-20 4269:2009-09-20 4240:2009-09-20 4214:2009-09-20 4185:2009-09-20 4160:2009-09-20 4127:2009-09-20 4102:2009-09-20 4077:2007-09-24 4048:2009-09-20 4019:2009-09-20 3990:2009-09-20 3965:2009-09-20 3933:2009-09-20 3908:2009-09-20 3883:2009-09-20 3858:2009-09-20 3828:2009-09-20 3786:2020-05-28 3736:0907605257 3711:2013-11-21 3686:2013-11-21 3662:2013-10-27 3634:2013-10-27 3607:2013-10-27 3578:Mulvaney. 3565:2013-11-11 3508:2014-04-10 3481:2014-04-10 3454:2014-04-10 3383:2013-10-27 3356:2014-04-10 3328:2014-04-10 3265:2014-04-10 3238:2014-04-10 3171:2014-04-10 3144:2014-04-10 3117:2014-04-10 3089:2023-06-21 3064:2013-10-26 2968:2013-11-19 2912:2014-04-10 2879:2013-12-11 2822:2014-04-10 2631:2015-11-05 2561:2022-09-05 2506:2022-09-05 2409:2013-11-19 2255:2014-04-10 2194:2014-04-10 2160:2014-04-10 2133:2014-04-10 2106:2014-04-10 2074:References 1991:Giles Lutz 1989:(1967) by 1961:Red Trails 1951:In fiction 1763:valley. 1676:Treaty Six 1665:Highway 11 1453:Sam Steele 1420:Louis Riel 1369:, Otter's 1363:Battleford 1285:Qu'Appelle 1222:Battleford 1184:Green Lake 964:Fish Creek 916:Battleford 848:Poundmaker 784:Louis Riel 732:Fish Creek 710:After the 706:Background 698:, and the 683:resistance 662:, and the 607:Fish Creek 559:Louis Riel 502:Fish Creek 419:43–50 dead 313:Poundmaker 252:Louis Riel 230:Sam Steele 7574:Falklands 7570:(1963–67) 7564:(1962–66) 7558:(1962–90) 7546:(1962–76) 7534:(1955–59) 7528:(1954–59) 7522:(1952–60) 7516:(1948–60) 7510:(1946–50) 7502:Indonesia 7498:(1945–46) 7496:Indochina 7492:(1944–48) 7480:(1936–39) 7474:(1936–39) 7462:(1931–32) 7456:(1930–31) 7450:(1927–30) 7432:(1922–24) 7430:Kurdistan 7414:(1919–20) 7390:(1916–17) 7370:Nyasaland 7366:(1914–15) 7360:(1914–15) 7348:(1903–04) 7342:(1901–02) 7336:(1900–20) 7299:(1897–98) 7293:(1897–98) 7275:(1896–97) 7245:(1893–94) 7209:(1886–89) 7185:(1881–99) 7179:(1880–81) 7173:(1880–81) 7167:(1879–80) 7155:(1875–76) 7141:Abyssinia 7137:(1866–71) 7131:(1864–65) 7119:(1863–64) 7111:Kagoshima 7107:(1857–58) 7101:(1857–59) 7095:(1856–60) 7089:(1856–57) 7083:(1854–56) 7081:Åland War 7065:(1848–49) 7041:(1845–50) 7035:(1845–46) 7029:(1845–72) 7023:(1839–42) 7017:(1839–42) 7011:(1839–41) 6999:(1837–38) 6993:(1837–38) 6987:(1831–33) 6981:(1831–32) 6975:(1828–32) 6969:(1824–26) 6945:(1817–18) 6921:(1814–16) 6915:(1812–15) 6909:(1811–79) 6903:(1810–11) 6883:Mauritius 6855:(1808–09) 6837:(1806–07) 6813:(1803–05) 6776:(1798–99) 6746:(1795–96) 6740:(1795–96) 6716:(1789–92) 6692:(1781–82) 6686:(1779–84) 6680:(1775–82) 6674:(1775–83) 6662:(1773–74) 6656:(1769–73) 6650:(1765–71) 6644:(1763–66) 6638:(1762–63) 6626:(1758–61) 6620:(1756–65) 6614:(1756–63) 6608:(1754–63) 6602:(1749–55) 6596:(1746–63) 6590:(1744–48) 6584:(1740–42) 6578:(1722–25) 6572:(1715–17) 6566:(1711–15) 6560:(1702–13) 6535:(1688–97) 6529:(1688–91) 6517:(1686–90) 6511:(1675–78) 6487:(1654–60) 6481:(1654–67) 6475:(1649–53) 6469:(1641–53) 6457:(1634–38) 6427:(1609–46) 6113:Conflicts 6043:Air Force 5797:Fur trade 5720:Exovedate 5686:(Alberta) 4975:1757-8078 3776:159632535 2482:(1992) . 1731:Fort Pitt 1721:Saskatoon 1474:Aftermath 1028:Loon Lake 980:Cut Knife 948:Fort Pitt 932:Frog Lake 900:Duck Lake 872:Blackfoot 870:that his 748:Duck Lake 744:St. Louis 679:rebellion 611:Cut Knife 603:Duck Lake 522:Loon Lake 507:Cut Knife 497:Fort Pitt 492:Frog Lake 477:Duck Lake 407:Nez Perce 359:280 Métis 324:White Cap 7562:Malaysia 7484:Ethiopia 7382:Peshawar 7147:Manitoba 7129:Duar War 6425:Virginia 6341:Category 6264:See also 6240:Gulf War 6230:Cold War 6210:Boer War 5896:US Métis 5804:Marriage 5792:Scottish 5509:Archived 5478:archived 5451:Archived 5409:Archived 5386:Archived 5340:Archived 5318:Archived 5167:Archived 5065:Archived 4890:Archived 4830:Archived 4828:. 1995. 4801:Archived 4772:Archived 4661:Archived 4534:Archived 4504:Archived 4454:Archived 4428:Archived 4374:Archived 4349:Archived 4292:Archived 4263:Archived 4154:Archived 4121:Archived 4042:Archived 4013:Archived 3927:Archived 3902:Archived 3877:Archived 3852:Archived 3780:Archived 3656:archived 3628:archived 3601:archived 3559:archived 3502:archived 3475:archived 3448:archived 3377:archived 3350:archived 3259:archived 3232:archived 3165:archived 3138:archived 3111:archived 3083:Archived 2962:Archived 2873:Archived 2816:archived 2787:Archived 2757:Archived 2687:Archived 2625:Archived 2552:Archived 2500:Archived 2438:Archived 2403:Archived 2249:archived 2188:archived 2154:archived 2127:archived 2100:archived 2027:See also 1943:and the 1805:Winnipeg 1756:Cutknife 1586:Guardian 1351:Fine-Day 1136:skirmish 1126:Outbreak 868:Crowfoot 844:Big Bear 838:and the 832:Big Bear 815:Big Bear 813:spurred 782:) asked 716:Manitoba 587:Catholic 350:500 NWMP 339:Strength 291:Fine Day 280:Big Bear 87:Location 67:Bottom: 7556:Sarawak 7508:Sarawak 7400:Nigeria 7388:Mohmand 7376:Nigeria 7327:century 6985:Malacca 6979:Jamaica 6937:Algiers 6877:Reunion 6823:Surinam 6798:century 6744:Grenada 6738:Jamaica 6630:Jamaica 6551:century 6491:Jamaica 6419:Ireland 6412:century 6399:English 6099:Mi'kmaq 5940:Culture 5877:Society 5780:History 5722:(1885) 5704:(1870) 5630:people 5529:(1979) 4793:"Makwa" 2929:Buffalo 2763:29 July 1801:Toronto 1785:Toronto 1504:English 1488:English 1438:Calgary 1392:Batoche 1357:at the 996:Batoche 758:in the 736:Batoche 718:to the 553:by the 512:Batoche 378:38 dead 97:Alberta 7576:(1982) 7552:(1962) 7550:Brunei 7540:(1956) 7504:(1945) 7486:(1943) 7468:(1935) 7444:(1925) 7438:(1923) 7426:(1921) 7420:(1920) 7408:(1919) 7402:(1918) 7396:(1917) 7394:Quebec 7384:(1915) 7378:(1915) 7372:(1915) 7354:(1906) 7305:(1899) 7287:(1897) 7281:(1897) 7269:(1896) 7263:(1896) 7257:(1895) 7233:(1891) 7227:(1891) 7221:(1890) 7215:(1888) 7213:Hazara 7203:(1885) 7197:(1885) 7191:(1882) 7161:(1879) 7149:(1870) 7143:(1868) 7125:(1864) 7113:(1863) 7077:(1854) 7071:(1852) 7059:(1848) 7057:Ceylon 7047:(1847) 7045:Canton 7005:(1839) 6957:(1823) 6955:Guiana 6951:(1819) 6939:(1816) 6933:(1815) 6927:(1815) 6897:(1810) 6891:(1810) 6885:(1810) 6879:(1810) 6873:(1810) 6867:(1809) 6861:(1809) 6849:(1807) 6843:(1807) 6831:(1806) 6825:(1804) 6819:(1804) 6807:(1800) 6764:(1798) 6752:(1795) 6750:Ceylon 6734:(1795) 6728:(1794) 6710:(1789) 6698:(1786) 6668:(1774) 6632:(1762) 6523:(1687) 6505:(1664) 6499:(1662) 6479:Acadia 6463:(1641) 6451:(1628) 6449:Quebec 6445:(1626) 6439:(1622) 6433:(1612) 6431:Swally 6087:Acadia 5967:Michif 5911:People 5869:(2016) 5863:(2003) 5840:(1885) 5822:(1816) 5816:(1814) 5531:online 5501: 5470: 5448:online 5406:online 5378: 5363:online 5337:online 5293: 5273: 5239: 5219: 5192: 5159: 5118: 5093: 5039: 5003: 4973: 4918: 4886:Walrus 4863: 3774: 3733: 3297: 3194: 3007: 2936: 2903: 2653: 2544: 2492: 2309: 2223:8 June 1881:, and 1813:Ottawa 1649:Regina 1617:Memory 1142:, the 746:, and 658:, the 654:, the 650:, the 646:, the 609:, and 571:Canada 557:under 539:French 326: 315: 304: 293: 282: 271: 255: 151:Canada 148: 104:Result 35:French 31: 7454:Tirah 7364:Tochi 7153:Perak 6919:Nepal 6841:Egypt 6768:Malta 6696:Assam 6539:Ghana 6437:Ormuz 6295:Lists 5947:Bungi 5628:Métis 5170:(PDF) 5153:(PDF) 3772:S2CID 2690:(PDF) 2675:(PDF) 2555:(PDF) 2538:(PDF) 1979:, by 1811:, in 1799:, in 1580:Times 1361:near 1315:Métis 1172:bison 1012:Butte 827:Métis 555:Métis 170:Métis 62:Top: 7568:Aden 7544:Oman 7526:Oman 7325:20th 6901:Java 6796:19th 6549:18th 6521:Siam 6410:17th 6067:Navy 6048:Army 5972:Flag 5570:2013 5499:ISBN 5468:ISBN 5437:–60. 5376:ISBN 5291:ISBN 5271:ISBN 5237:ISBN 5217:ISBN 5190:ISBN 5157:ISBN 5116:ISBN 5091:ISBN 5037:ISBN 5018:See 5001:ISBN 4982:2022 4971:ISSN 4916:ISBN 4861:ISBN 4838:2022 4304:html 3731:ISBN 3295:ISBN 3192:ISBN 3005:ISBN 2934:ISBN 2901:ISBN 2855:2013 2795:2022 2765:2022 2698:2022 2651:ISBN 2595:2022 2542:ISBN 2490:ISBN 2446:2022 2378:2013 2307:ISBN 2225:2010 1997:Riel 1965:pulp 1853:and 1715:The 1583:and 1513:The 1506:and 1498:The 1490:and 1414:The 1309:The 1264:and 1182:and 1085:The 846:and 825:and 823:Cree 811:Cree 681:and 533:The 176:Cree 95:and 79:Date 6913:USA 3764:doi 1959:'s 1908:'s 1754:At 1682:. 1158:at 730:of 7592:: 5552:. 5507:. 5476:, 5435:37 5384:. 5316:. 5312:. 5308:. 5165:. 5063:. 5059:. 4967:33 4965:. 4961:. 4945:^ 4888:. 4884:. 4824:. 4795:. 4770:. 4741:. 4711:. 4659:. 4528:. 4502:. 4452:. 4397:. 4372:. 4290:. 4286:. 4257:. 4202:. 4152:. 4148:. 4136:^ 4065:. 4036:. 4007:. 3950:. 3846:. 3816:. 3778:. 3770:. 3760:93 3758:. 3754:. 3273:^ 3081:. 2977:^ 2956:. 2841:. 2830:^ 2785:. 2781:. 2751:. 2728:. 2706:^ 2683:14 2681:. 2677:. 2623:. 2619:. 2615:. 2603:^ 2581:. 2570:^ 2550:. 2519:^ 2498:. 2471:^ 2436:. 2430:. 2418:^ 2397:. 2386:^ 2360:. 2343:^ 2289:^ 2281:44 2263:^ 2233:^ 2211:. 2168:^ 2082:^ 1912:. 1877:, 1783:, 1510:. 1224:. 794:, 742:, 738:, 734:, 702:. 692:, 674:. 605:, 541:: 405:1 6401:/ 6390:e 6383:t 6376:v 6021:e 6014:t 6007:v 5615:e 5608:t 5601:v 5572:. 5518:. 5395:. 5327:. 5314:3 5299:. 5279:. 5245:. 5179:. 5124:. 5099:. 5074:. 5045:. 4984:. 4924:. 4899:. 4869:. 4840:. 4810:. 4781:. 4756:. 4726:. 4696:. 4670:. 4644:. 4619:. 4593:. 4568:. 4543:. 4513:. 4488:. 4463:. 4437:. 4412:. 4383:. 4358:. 4329:. 4301:. 4272:. 4243:. 4217:. 4188:. 4163:. 4130:. 4105:. 4080:. 4051:. 4022:. 3993:. 3968:. 3936:. 3911:. 3886:. 3861:. 3831:. 3789:. 3766:: 3739:. 3714:. 3689:. 3331:. 3303:. 3200:. 3092:. 3067:. 3013:. 2971:. 2942:. 2915:. 2882:. 2857:. 2797:. 2767:. 2700:. 2659:. 2634:. 2621:3 2597:. 2564:. 2509:. 2448:. 2412:. 2380:. 2315:. 2283:. 2227:. 1845:— 1494:. 1426:. 1240:. 590:( 537:( 454:e 447:t 440:v 178:– 172:) 168:( 37:) 33:(

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.