683:
861:
640:
4855:
882:
900:
29:
2320:
2191:
131:
2095:
612:
109:
1631:
978:
153:
3587:
as a whole. There is a continuing need, however, for effective consultation at an early stage on current problems, in order that national policies may be developed and action taken on the basis of a full awareness of the attitudes and interests of all the members of NATO. While all members of NATO have a responsibility to consult with their partners on appropriate matters, a large share of responsibility for such consultation necessarily rests on the more powerful members of the
Community.
2750:
2610:
2575:
2540:
2402:
2355:
2297:
2107:
1890:
840:
428:
1164:
318:
775:
307:
2715:
2680:
2645:
2472:
2367:
2332:
1902:
590:
439:
6988:
1150:
296:
747:
285:
1667:
1490:
1062:
274:
1618:
1108:
1020:
384:
120:
2285:
1703:
1094:
818:
373:
351:
2668:
2528:
1178:
186:
2132:
1136:
992:
705:
241:
230:
142:
2703:
1955:
1691:
1643:
1242:
1122:
1076:
1034:
661:
483:
362:
175:
164:
98:
1768:. It commits each member state to consider an armed attack against one member state, in the areas defined by Article 6, to be an armed attack against them all. Upon such attack, each member state is to assist by taking "such action as deems necessary, including the use of armed force, to restore and maintain the security of the North Atlantic area." The article has only been invoked once, but considered in a number of other cases.
2240:
2168:
1857:
1827:
1655:
1583:
1539:
1477:
1454:
1424:
1394:
1228:
1048:
914:
417:
263:
2598:
2505:
2460:
2227:
2155:
796:
329:
219:
1256:
2738:
2437:
2119:
932:
208:
2633:
2563:
1192:
406:
1679:
1502:
1006:
340:
2493:
2425:
2390:
197:
726:
252:
2204:
946:
395:
2052:, which includes troops from 42 countries. The decision came at the request of Germany and the Netherlands, the two states leading ISAF at the time of the agreement, and all nineteen NATO ambassadors approved it unanimously. The handover of control to NATO took place on 11 August, and marked the first time in NATO's history that it took charge of a mission outside of the area delineated by Article 6.
3586:
Special attention must be paid, as explicitly recognised in
Article 4 of the Treaty, to matters of urgent and immediate importance to the members of NATO, and to 'emergency' situations where it may be necessary to consult closely on national lines of conduct affecting the interests of members of NATO
1749:
There have also been instances where
Article 4 was not formally invoked, but instead threatened. In fact, this was viewed as one of the original intentions for Article 4: as a means to elevate issues and provide member nations a means of deterrence. For example, in November 2021, the Polish foreign
534:
The talks lasted about two weeks and by the time they finished, it had been secretly agreed that there would be a treaty, and I had a draft of one in the bottom drawer of my safe. It was never shown to anyone except Jack . I wish I had kept it, but when I left the
Department in 1950, I dutifully left
2800:
Article 10 dictates the process by which other countries may join NATO, which is by unanimous agreement by current NATO members. Further, new NATO members can only consist of other
European nations. In practice, this has turned into a set of action plans which an aspiring nation must follow in order
2060:
In the case of any contradiction with other international obligations (with the exception of the United
Nations, which by Article 7 supersedes NATO), or in military conflict of two NATO members, Article 8 comes into force. This is most important in cases should one member engage in military action
1298:
Article 2 of the treaty stipulates that "The
Parties will contribute toward the further development of peaceful and friendly international relations by strengthening their free institutions, by bringing about a better understanding of the principles upon which these institutions are founded, and by
2809:
Article 11 indicated the process of the initial ratification of the treaty. Each signatory nation was required to ratify the treaty through their respective constitutional processes. In order to come into force, the treaty had to be ratified by
Belgium, Canada, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands,
559:
As a fundamental component of NATO, the North
Atlantic Treaty is a product of the US' desire to avoid overextension at the end of World War II, and consequently pursue multilateralism in Europe. It is part of the US' collective defense arrangement with Western European powers, following a long and
3474:
Finally, I should add that Allies through the comprehensive political guidance have committed to endeavour, to meet the 2% target of GDP devoted to defence spending. Let me be clear, this is not a hard commitment that they will do it. But it is a commitment to work towards it. And that will be a
1316:
Article 3 of the treaty states that "In order more effectively to achieve the objectives of this Treaty, the
Parties, separately and jointly, by means of continuous and effective self-help and mutual aid, will maintain and develop their individual and collective capacity to resist armed attack."
1282:
Article 1 of the treaty states that member parties "settle any international disputes in which they may be involved by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security, and justice, are not endangered, and to refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of
1363:
Article 4 is generally considered the starting point for major NATO operations, and therefore is intended for either emergencies or situations of urgency. It officially calls for consultation over military matters when "the territorial integrity, political independence or security of any of the
3731:
As the North Atlantic Council made clear on June 26 and October 3, we stand with Turkey in the spirit of strong solidarity. We, the NATO foreign ministers, declare our determination to deter threats to and defend Turkey. In response to Turkey's request, NATO has decided to augment Turkey's air
3354:
The report's ideas about enhanced economic partnerships and cultural connections were not implemented, but two major initiatives were adopted: a more robust information programme to explain NATO and its mission better to Allied audiences, and the creation of a NATO Science Programme, which has
1880:
stated that "The tomb of Suleyman Shah and the land surrounding it is our territory. We cannot ignore any unfavorable act against that monument, as it would be an attack on our territory, as well as an attack on NATO land... Everyone knows his duty, and will continue to do what is necessary".
1307:
pushed for its inclusion in the treaty. This included proposals for a trade council, cultural program, technological sharing, and an information program. Of those, only the latter two were passed. Nonetheless, it has been brought up by observers commenting on trade disputes between members.
3866:
NATO has increased its presence in the Black Sea region on land, but also with air policing over the Black Sea region, including the Black Sea, and we have a regular NATO presence in the Black Sea, with naval capabilities. Then of course we have three littoral states: Romania, Turkey and
2006:
A clarification regarding the territories to which Article 5 applies was issued by Article 2 of the Protocol to the North Atlantic Treaty on the accession of Greece and Turkey signed on 22 October 1951. Subsequent expansions, such as to West Germany in 1955, were treated in the same way.
3444:
which goes beyond the idea of the 2% target. This will require focusing on Alliance readiness levels with, at the centre the NATO Defence Planning Process, addressing the full spectrum of challenges. NATO's Article 3 will remain the fundamental principle to make this a
1786:
on the United States in 2001. The invocation was confirmed on 4 October 2001, when NATO determined that the attacks were indeed eligible under the terms of the North Atlantic Treaty. The eight official actions taken by NATO in response to the 9/11 attacks included
1847:
The downing of an "unarmed" Turkish military jet which was "13 sea miles" from Syria over "international waters" on a "solo mission to test domestic radar systems". On 25 June, the Turkish Deputy Prime Minister said that he intended to raise Article 5.
4053:
On the basis of our December 2012 decision, the Alliance has been augmenting Turkey's air defence. We remain determined, in a spirit of 28 for 28, to continue developing additional NATO assurance measures and Allies are working to prepare other possible
1327:
It has also been used as a core concept for a mandate to strengthen member resilience: the ability to resist and recover from major disasters, failures in infrastructure, or traditional armed attack. This commitment was first accepted during the
543:, which had not yet been signed, but of which we were being kept heavily supplied with drafts. The eventual North Atlantic Treaty had the general form, and a good bit of the language of my first draft, but with a number of important differences.
2818:
Article 12 states the process by which the treaty may be amended, provided such amendments still affect the North Atlantic area and do not violate the Charter of the United Nations. In practice, this has only been used to clearly delineate
1299:
promoting conditions of stability and well-being. They will seek to eliminate conflict in their international economic policies and will encourage economic collaboration between any or all of them." This is sometimes referred to as the
4175:
The emergency meeting, held on Friday morning in Brussels, was held under Article 4 of NATO's founding treaty, which allows any ally to request consultations if it feels its territorial integrity, political independence or security is
1527:, naval, and air forces in the Black Sea by Romania, Bulgaria, and Turkey. Condemnation and support for sanctions of member countries and international community. Reform and medical aid to the Ukrainian government. Creation of the
4725:
4259:
Today, we have held consultations under Article 4 of the Washington Treaty. We have decided, in line with our defensive planning to protect all Allies, to take additional steps to further strengthen deterrence and defence across the
5029:
575:
By signing the North Atlantic Treaty, parties are "determined to safeguard the freedom, common heritage and civilization of the peoples, founded on the principles of democracy, individual liberty and the rule of law."
4115:
The Russian military later explained that the Syrian army targeted Hayat Tahrir al-Sham terrorists operating in the province, adding that Syrian government forces were not informed about the Turkish presence in the
1467:
2258:
If an intra-NATO conflict were to occur, there exist intra-NATO alliances which would be triggered instead in the instance of the abeyance. The following is a list of such active, intra-NATO military alliances.
3990:
3785:
3604:
3837:
NATO called its second emergency meeting on Ukraine in response to a request from Poland under Article 4 of the North Atlantic Treaty relating to threats to a member state's security and independence.
4498:
5974:
4342:
2883:
The definition of the territories to which Article 5 applies was revised by Article 2 of the Protocol to the North Atlantic Treaty on the accession of Greece and Turkey signed on 22 October 1951.
4644:
1799:
which was designed to prevent the movement of terrorists or weapons of mass destruction, as well as enhancing the security of shipping in general. Active Endeavour began on 4 October 2001.
3824:
5000:
4702:
1368:, and can formally lead into a joint decision or action (logistic, military, or otherwise) on behalf of the Alliance. It has been officially invoked seven times since the alliance's creation.
4603:
4735:
4196:
4076:
5155:
4904:
4441:
5067:
4943:
3935:
1938:
that could cause radiation leaks would be a breach of Article 5. This statement was released over fears that a nuclear catastrophe could occur in the Russian-occupied plant during the
1320:
This was interpreted in 2022 as the basis for the target for a 2% GDP expenditure rule, which was established as a loose guideline in 2006. This metric was confirmed again during the
4620:
4367:
4272:
4584:
5401:
5022:
2037:. Legal experts have interpreted that other articles could cover the Spanish North African cities but this take has not been tested in practice. This is also why events such as
4228:
3761:
Meanwhile, Lithuania and Latvia called upon the North Atlantic Council, the decision-making body of NATO, to hold an extraordinary session on Ukraine, citing security concerns.
2868:
Article 14 notes the official languages of NATO as English and French, and that the United States government shall promulgate copies of the treaty to the other member nations.
2837:
Article 13 delimits the process by which a member leaves NATO, which simply consists of a one-year notice by the member nation to the U.S. government in its role as the treaty
7058:
6825:
2786:, and is the only NATO body that derives its authority directly from the treaty. Its primary objectives as stated in the treaty is the enforcement of Article 3 and Article 5.
1735:
4415:
5490:
6669:
4837:
4162:
3987:
3431:
1332:, and further reiterated and clarified due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021. In accordance with NATO documents, this has been understood to include seven key areas:
4386:
2852:
Otherwise, the next closest option for a member nation is to instead withdraw from NATO's military command structure, but not from NATO entirely. This happened with
3775:
6195:
5133:
5107:
1597:
5309:
4472:, 2001: "Large-scale terrorist attacks in New York and Washington D.C.—NATO invokes Article 5 for the first time ever and adopts a broader approach to security"
3801:, Lithuania's foreign minister, responded on Saturday by invoking Article 4 of the North Atlantic Treaty ... for only the fourth time in the alliance's history.
3601:
1751:
5218:
4965:
2846:
3732:
defence capabilities in order to defend the population and territory of Turkey and contribute to the de-escalation of the crisis along the Alliance's border.
4040:
4014:
6210:
4483:
625:
3341:
6547:
6158:
5394:
5089:
4332:
760:
4546:
4641:
3814:
2014:, the Portuguese government was precluded from invoking Article 5 due to Article 6, but it was understood at the time that Article 4 could be invoked.
4132:
3909:
3315:
4992:
4692:
4600:
3488:"Commitment to enhance resilience: Issued by the Heads of State and Government participating in the meeting of the North Atlantic Council in Warsaw"
5483:
4188:
4066:
3374:
4803:
3184:
1999:
Article 6 states that Article 5 covers only member states' territories in Europe, North America, Turkey, and islands in the Atlantic north of the
7188:
7183:
6654:
6200:
4310:
3718:
6190:
6735:
6730:
5387:
5330:
5163:
4900:
1517:
4437:
3172:"About this Collection | United States Treaties and Other International Agreements | Digital Collections | Library of Congress"
2017:
It was the opinion in August 1965 of the US State Department, the US Defense Department, and the legal division of NATO that an attack on the
1286:
Members seek to promote stability and well-being in the North Atlantic area through preservation of peace and security in accordance with the
6685:
6376:
6373:
5057:
4939:
3966:
3931:
4628:
79:
by the majority of the signatories including Belgium, Canada, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States
7053:
6779:
6091:
6080:
4357:
4280:
5177:
4878:
4399:
In 1954, the first Secretary General of NATO, Lord Ismay, emphasized Article 4 consultation as a deterrence measure before an armed attack
4246:
3517:
3491:
3289:
1571:
597:
The following twelve states signed the treaty and thus became the founding members of NATO. The following leaders signed the agreement as
7028:
6136:
5476:
4761:
3573:
3258:
3142:
7193:
6760:
6518:
6131:
6111:
4786:
4581:
3458:"Press Briefing by NATO Spokesman, James Appathurai after the meeting of the North Atlantic Council at the level of Defence Ministers"
6399:
6312:
6241:
6048:
5635:
4218:
3853:
1980:
1970:
6755:
6750:
6541:
6163:
3638:
555:
More than any human being Jack was responsible for the nature, content, and form of the Treaty...It was a one-man Hickerson treaty.
4524:
4098:
3543:
7203:
7178:
6407:
6298:
6168:
6069:
4411:
3042:
2045:
1917:
455:
3883:
3666:
3461:
1872:
7208:
6867:
6695:
6513:
6460:
6271:
6124:
5675:
3404:
2930:
2178:
809:
4829:
6119:
4669:
4154:
2795:
5281:
3692:
3427:
3232:
7198:
7138:
7033:
6722:
5718:
5251:
4382:
2760:
2550:
2011:
5728:
889:
The following four states joined the treaty after the 12 founding states, but before the dissolution of the Soviet Union:
7048:
6899:
6745:
6740:
6659:
6448:
6288:
6253:
6083:
5981:
5655:
5129:
5103:
4465:
2585:
1946:
said that any radiation leak into NATO countries would kill people, which would be an automatic activation of Article 5.
6712:
6342:
6009:
5934:
5670:
2982:
2377:
1842:
1437:
5303:
7218:
7023:
7018:
6700:
6303:
5964:
5924:
5660:
5360:
3748:
3355:
encouraged scientific and technological innovation across the Alliance and provided support to many Nobel laureates.
2965:
2842:
4969:
4804:"NATO GIVES INDIA VIEW ON COLONIES; Says Lisbon Has Right to Ask Powers to Consult but Not to Act on Threat to Goa"
1939:
1931:
1717:
3850:"Press conference by NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg following the meeting of the NATO-Ukraine Commission"
7133:
7128:
6795:
6624:
6553:
6153:
6148:
6143:
5939:
5723:
4036:
4010:
2725:
2690:
2620:
2307:
1607:
714:
2903:
The Treaty came into force on 24 August 1949, after the deposition of the ratifications of all signatory states.
530:. Earlier secret talks had been held at the Pentagon between 22 March and 1 April 1948, of which Achilles said:
7123:
6528:
6393:
6381:
6072:
5191:
3337:
2655:
2515:
2066:
1528:
2065:
of the treaty and thereby NATO protection as a whole. This has not occurred yet, but there have been several
7163:
7158:
7073:
6875:
6612:
6283:
6103:
6041:
5821:
5687:
4557:
1287:
6175:
486:
7153:
7108:
7103:
7098:
7093:
7088:
7083:
7068:
7063:
6772:
6472:
6185:
5630:
4128:
3905:
3662:
Statement by NATO Secretary General, Lord Robertson, on measures in relation to a possible threat to Turkey
3311:
2860:, which rejoined in 1980 after the new Turkish military government ended its objections to Greek re-entry.
2801:
to become a member, including the Membership Action Plan (MAP) mechanism and Intensified Dialogue formula.
1413:
526:
The treaty was signed in Washington, D.C., on 4 April 1949 by a committee which was chaired by US diplomat
3798:
7213:
7173:
7148:
7143:
7118:
7078:
7043:
6815:
6559:
6386:
6317:
5919:
5692:
5665:
1565:
853:
3367:
1983:
targeting critical and government infrastructure, widely believed to have been carried out on behalf of
7168:
7113:
7038:
6649:
6442:
5901:
5836:
5771:
5514:
5441:
3171:
1792:
4302:
3714:
2876:
Three official footnotes have been released to reflect the changes made since the treaty was written:
1750:
ministry—along with Estonia, Lithuania, and Latvia—briefly considered triggering Article 4 due to the
6937:
6830:
6690:
6535:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6455:
5969:
5911:
5713:
5697:
4854:
4011:"Statement by the North Atlantic Council following meeting under Article 4 of the Washington Treaty"
832:
6991:
6847:
6586:
6570:
6412:
6034:
5841:
5806:
5680:
4362:
4276:
2940:
2923:
2412:
1923:
3958:
2857:
2853:
1321:
6805:
6596:
6523:
6431:
6308:
5861:
5846:
5831:
5826:
5781:
5766:
5650:
5570:
1217:
but some dependencies of member states have not requested membership after becoming independent:
2895:
were concerned, the relevant clauses of this Treaty had become inapplicable as from 3 July 1962.
1877:
7013:
6467:
6361:
5929:
5876:
5851:
5786:
5756:
5620:
5575:
4870:
4242:
3513:
3487:
2783:
2777:
2041:
did not trigger Article 5, as the Turkish troops that were attacked were in Syria, not Turkey.
2038:
1788:
1601:
1443:
1365:
823:
688:
4757:
3906:"NATO Secretary General statement on the extraordinary meeting of the NATO-Ukraine Commission"
3565:
3281:
828:
535:
it in the safe and I have never been able to trace it in the archives. It drew heavily on the
6958:
6943:
6820:
6324:
6293:
5959:
5954:
5866:
5801:
5761:
5746:
5738:
4993:"Blinken says renewed U.S.-Greece defense deal to advance stability in Eastern Mediterranean"
3134:
876:
630:
4484:"AFTER THE ATTACKS: THE ALLIANCE; For First Time, NATO Invokes Joint Defense Pact With U.S."
1553:
6965:
6766:
6575:
6564:
6265:
5949:
5896:
5891:
5886:
5881:
5816:
5751:
5585:
4783:
3215:. Vol. 4, Multilateral 1946–1949. Washington, D.C.: Department of State. p. 831.
3099:
Mabon, David W. (May 1988). "Elusive Agreements: The Pacific Pact Proposals of 1949–1951".
2832:
2342:
1783:
1777:
1725:
1214:
765:
5219:"Joint Declaration on Enhanced Defence Cooperation between Germany and the United Kingdom"
4901:"Turkey's Troubles in Idlib: Does Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty Hold the Answer?"
8:
6855:
6619:
6602:
6591:
6581:
6507:
6437:
6259:
6234:
5944:
5871:
5856:
5791:
5645:
5625:
5580:
5431:
4337:
3849:
3179:
2250:
2025:
would not trigger the treaty, but an attack on the other 49 would. The Spanish cities of
1739:
5379:
5366:
3630:
3254:
2761:
Joint Declaration on Enhanced Defence Cooperation between Germany and the United Kingdom
881:
6907:
6891:
6883:
6607:
6330:
6223:
6004:
5811:
5640:
5592:
4520:
4102:
3819:
3539:
3116:
3081:
2945:
2918:
1329:
788:
3038:
3009:
6629:
6501:
6479:
6277:
6229:
5615:
5607:
5468:
5324:
4726:"Statement by NSC Spokesperson Adrienne Watson on Iran's Cyberattack against Albania"
4601:
todayszaman.com: "Turkey not to invoke Art. 5, NATO war in Syria as unlikely as ever"
4490:
3879:
3660:
3457:
3224:
3216:
3212:
Treaties and other international agreements of the United States of America 1776–1949
1304:
967:
The following 16 states joined the treaty after the dissolution of the Soviet Union:
905:
739:
649:
548:
527:
5373:
4155:"Refugees reach Greek border as EU demands Turkey upholds its migration commitments"
3400:
3085:
6978:
6973:
6810:
6664:
5178:"Secretary Antony J. Blinken at the Defense Cooperation Agreement Signing Ceremony"
3108:
3073:
2935:
2062:
2000:
1524:
674:
670:
621:
602:
515:
469:
28:
4661:
3602:
telegraph.co.uk: "Turkey calls for emergency Nato meeting to discuss Isil and PKK"
2845:
by a number of member nations, but so far has not happened aside from withdrawals
6931:
6218:
6057:
5552:
5273:
5062:
4790:
4784:
Scope and Historical Developments of Article 6, 34 Emory Int'l L. Rev. 121 (2019)
4730:
4648:
4607:
4588:
4469:
3994:
3689:"Conclusion of Operation Display Deterrence and Article 4 security consultations"
3688:
3608:
3210:
2034:
1169:
598:
540:
465:
5243:
4219:"Polska chce uruchomienia art. 4 traktatu waszyngtońskiego. Wniosek już złożony"
3312:"by NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg at Massey College, Toronto (Canada)"
3064:
Cha, Victor (Winter 2009–2010). "Powerplay: Origins of U.S. Alliances in Asia".
2891:
On 16 January 1963, the North Atlantic Council noted that insofar as the former
2841:, which then promulgates the notice to the other member nations. This has been
6860:
6247:
6180:
5776:
4849:
3077:
2892:
2755:
2615:
2580:
2545:
2407:
2360:
2302:
2112:
1943:
1927:
1895:
1764:
1636:
983:
962:
845:
693:
565:
6015:
4462:
1979:
revealed that his government had considered invoking Article 5 in response to
1762:
The key section of the treaty is Article 5. Its commitment clause defines the
568:
in mind, although the mutual self-defense clause was never invoked during the
7007:
6336:
5526:
4758:"Protocol to the North Atlantic Treaty on the Accession of Greece and Turkey"
4662:"UK, US Set Ultimatum Against Russia Due To Provocations At Zaporizhzhia NPP"
4494:
2720:
2685:
2650:
2477:
2447:
2372:
2337:
1907:
1796:
866:
805:
4099:"Greece 'vetoes NATO statement' on support for Turkey amid Syria escalation"
3988:
nytimes.com: "Turkey and U.S. Plan to Create Syria 'Safe Zone' Free of ISIS"
5998:
5520:
4333:"NATO puts warplanes on alert, to increase troop presence on eastern flank"
3780:
3744:
2978:
2124:
1364:
parties is threatened." Upon its invocation, the issue is discussed in the
1283:
force in any manner inconsistent with the purposes of the United Nations."
937:
870:
849:
784:
735:
697:
561:
76:
2033:
on the North African shore are thus not under NATO protection in spite of
877:
Non-founding members who joined before the dissolution of the Soviet Union
6925:
6707:
5565:
5058:"Sweden, Finland Sign Defense Treaty with the U.K. Ahead of Joining NATO"
4071:
2986:
2913:
2049:
780:
756:
653:
560:
deliberative process. The treaty was created with an armed attack by the
3228:
1731:
6800:
6367:
5796:
5537:
5436:
5348:
Diplomacy at the Brink: Eisenhower, Churchill, and Eden in the Cold War
4665:
4582:
todayszaman.com: "Turkey says jet shot down in international airspace "
4243:"Statement by the North Atlantic Council on Russia's attack on Ukraine"
3368:"Report of the Committee of Three on Non-Military Co-Operation in NATO"
3120:
2838:
2214:
2018:
1155:
752:
718:
536:
490:
3566:"Report of the Committee of Three on Non-Military Cooperation in NATO"
589:
6423:
5542:
4223:
1672:
1495:
1067:
4693:"Albania weighed invoking NATO's Article 5 over Iranian cyberattack"
4067:"Russia denies involvement in airstrikes on Turkish troops in Idlib"
3959:"Turkey calls for rare NATO talks after attacks along Syrian border"
3112:
5532:
5426:
4966:"Greece, US hail strategic relationship after signing defence deal"
4697:
3776:"Russia's Seizure of Crimea Is Making Former Soviet States Nervous"
3715:"NATO Foreign Ministers' statement on Patriot deployment to Turkey"
2290:
2142:
1976:
1708:
1623:
1407:
1113:
1099:
1025:
569:
6026:
5156:"NATO member-to-be Sweden and the US sign defense deal - ABC News"
4129:"Statement by the Secretary General after Article 4 consultations"
2061:
against another member, upon which the offending members would be
547:
According to Achilles, another important author of the treaty was
5196:
4521:"NATO Update: Invocation of Article 5 confirmed – 2 October 2001"
2743:
2708:
2673:
2533:
2442:
2137:
2100:
2030:
1960:
1935:
1696:
1648:
1247:
1183:
1141:
1127:
1081:
1039:
997:
710:
666:
617:
3220:
1782:
Article 5 has been invoked only once in NATO history, after the
4273:"NATO to deploy thousands of commandos to nations near Ukraine"
2638:
2603:
2568:
2510:
2498:
2465:
2430:
2395:
2325:
2245:
2232:
2196:
2173:
2160:
2022:
1873:
Tomb of Suleyman Shah § Events during the Syrian Civil War
1862:
1832:
1684:
1660:
1588:
1544:
1507:
1482:
1459:
1429:
1399:
1233:
1197:
1053:
1011:
919:
801:
645:
511:
4189:"NATO vows to defend its entire territory after Russia attack"
2796:
Enlargement of NATO § Article 10 and the Open Door Policy
5597:
4358:"NATO leaders agree to bolster eastern forces after invasion"
2209:
2026:
1261:
951:
731:
5052:
5050:
4621:"Turkey: Syria's jet downing an attack on the whole of NATO"
4037:"Statement by NATO Foreign Ministers on Assurance to Turkey"
963:
Members who joined after the dissolution of the Soviet Union
6670:
1944 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection
6354:
5499:
1984:
1557:
507:
5023:"UNITED KINGDOM – FINLAND STATEMENT HELSINKI, 11 MAY 2022"
1971:
Albania–Iran relations § Cyberattack and severed ties
5409:
5047:
2847:
due to independence of former territories or dependencies
4438:"Baltics pledge support to Poland over NATO's Article 4"
3209:
Bevans, Charles Irving (1968). "North Atlantic Treaty".
4940:"US, Greece Sign Revised Defense Cooperation Agreement"
4412:"Poland considers activating Nato's Article 4, says PM"
3950:
3932:"NATO war game defends Baltic weak spot for first time"
3815:"Top Russians Face Sanctions by U.S. for Crimea Crisis"
1560:, and other security issues along its southern border.
506:, forms the legal basis of, and is implemented by, the
5498:
4927:
NATO in Afghanistan: Fighting Together, Fighting Alone
7059:
Treaties establishing intergovernmental organizations
5104:"UK and Greece seek strengthened Defence partnership"
4871:"¿Están Ceuta y Melilla bajo el paraguas de la OTAN?"
4265:
3745:"UNSC, EU, NATO to hold urgent meetings over Ukraine"
2044:
On 16 April 2003, NATO agreed to take command of the
1438:
The shooting down of a Turkish military jet by Syria
6548:
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
5376:
at the National Archives and Records Administration
3880:"Statement by the North Atlantic Council on Crimea"
2726:
Denmark–United States Defense Cooperation Agreement
2691:
Finland–United States Defense Cooperation Agreement
5130:"UK, Greece Seek Strengthened Defence Partnership"
4925:David P. Auerswald, and Stephen M. Saideman, eds.
2656:Sweden–United States Defense Cooperation Agreement
4380:
7005:
5350:. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.
4684:
3033:
3031:
6731:United States Senate election in Missouri, 1934
6696:Harry S. Truman home and National Historic Site
5090:"UK-Sweden Political Declaration of Solidarity"
2821:which territories are under the purview of NATO
1602:Syrian and Russian airstrikes on Turkish troops
1339:Energy and power grid infrastructure resilience
3398:
1518:annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation
1264:(independence from the United Kingdom in 1964)
1236:(independence from the United Kingdom in 1960)
6042:
5484:
5395:
5250:(Press release). 24 April 1999. NAC-S(99)66.
4801:
3428:"Will Russia's invasion boost NATO's budget?"
3425:
3028:
6780:1952 Democratic Party presidential primaries
4821:
2989:territory became covered by NATO protection.
1930:said that any deliberate attack against the
6655:Presidential Library, Museum, and gravesite
6137:1952 Puerto Rican constitutional referendum
4717:
4005:
4003:
3934:. EURACTIV MEDIA NETWORK BV. 19 June 2017.
3707:
2810:the United Kingdom, and the United States.
6519:Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act of 1946
6049:
6035:
5491:
5477:
5402:
5388:
5329:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
4827:
3956:
3039:"Theodore Achilles Oral History Interview"
2820:
814:
648:– Secretary of State for External Affairs
456:Government of the United States of America
6242:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
5636:Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe
5367:"NATO Declassified – The Founding Treaty"
1802:
885:Animated map of NATO membership over time
33:North Atlantic Treaty authentication page
6751:1944 United States presidential election
4830:"Hawaii Lacks NATO Coverage if Attacked"
4802:Adams Schmidt, Dana (3 September 1954).
4383:"Article 4 of the North Atlantic Treaty"
4000:
3631:"The consultation process and Article 4"
3255:"NATO Declassified – Treaty Signatories"
3063:
2871:
2067:militarised disputes between NATO allies
1336:Continuity of government during a crisis
880:
679:
588:
6408:Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952
6169:Sherman Minton Supreme Court nomination
5729:Supreme Allied Commander Transformation
5192:"Denmark, U.S. reach defence agreement"
4863:
4776:
3625:
3623:
3621:
3619:
3617:
3597:
3595:
2046:International Security Assistance Force
1918:Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant crisis
1771:
7189:Treaties of the French Fourth Republic
7184:Treaties of the Estado Novo (Portugal)
7006:
6868:Collision Course: Truman vs. MacArthur
6514:Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946
6272:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
4723:
4690:
4370:from the original on 26 February 2022.
4345:from the original on 26 February 2022.
4231:from the original on 24 February 2022.
3292:from the original on 14 September 2011
3208:
2931:2001 Sino-Russian Treaty of Friendship
2849:(namely, Algeria, Malta, and Cyprus).
2073:NATO Militarised Interstate Conflicts
1468:Syrian forces shelling Turkish cities.
620:– Prime Minister and Foreign Minister
6542:President's Committee on Civil Rights
6374:U.N. Security Council Resolutions 82,
6030:
5472:
5455:
5410:NATO Militarised Interstate Conflicts
5383:
5308:, Washington D.C., 16 January 1963 ,
4990:
4946:from the original on 15 November 2019
4881:from the original on 25 February 2022
4724:Watson, Adrienne (7 September 2022).
4672:from the original on 1 September 2022
4651:, Hürriyet Daily News, 7 August 2012.
4481:
4418:from the original on 26 February 2022
4389:from the original on 24 February 2022
4313:from the original on 28 February 2022
4199:from the original on 24 February 2022
4165:from the original on 28 February 2020
4135:from the original on 27 February 2022
4079:from the original on 28 February 2020
4043:from the original on 27 February 2022
4017:from the original on 27 February 2022
3981:
3912:from the original on 27 February 2022
3886:from the original on 25 February 2022
3856:from the original on 26 February 2022
3812:
3721:from the original on 27 February 2022
3576:from the original on 25 February 2022
3166:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3098:
2482:Mutual Defense Cooperation Agreement
1942:. The next day, American congressman
1754:, but it was not formally requested.
1572:reassessment of NATO assets in Turkey
16:1949 treaty forming the basis of NATO
5965:Relationship with the European Union
5274:"NATO Press Release M-NAC-2 (97)155"
5003:from the original on 9 December 2021
4907:from the original on 13 January 2024
4840:from the original on 10 January 2019
4782:Antoaneta Boeva & Ivan Novotny,
4482:Daley, Suzanne (13 September 2001).
3969:from the original on 16 October 2022
3938:from the original on 2 November 2022
3924:
3773:
3695:from the original on 30 October 2021
3614:
3592:
3546:from the original on 23 October 2023
3514:"Strengthened Resilience Commitment"
3380:from the original on 2 November 2022
2951:
2012:annexation of Dadra and Nagar Haveli
1987:by state–affiliated cybercriminals.
1608:Augmentation of Turkish air defences
7054:Treaties entered into force in 1949
6741:Democratic National Convention 1944
6560:Presidential Succession Act of 1947
6449:National Institute of Mental Health
6084:Vice President of the United States
6056:
4750:
4705:from the original on 5 October 2022
4642:Ankara warns against attack on tomb
4527:from the original on 25 August 2010
3494:from the original on 21 August 2023
3235:from the original on 9 October 2023
2856:, which rejoined in 2009; and with
2055:
1981:a major cyberattack on 15 July 2022
1596:Increasing tensions as part of the
810:Wilhelm von Munthe af Morgenstierne
584:
13:
7029:April 1949 events in North America
6010:Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
5935:Individual Partnership Action Plan
5671:Joint Support and Enabling Command
5500:North Atlantic Treaty Organization
5340:
5312:from the original on 12 April 2023
5284:from the original on 7 August 2020
4991:Pamuk, Humeyra (14 October 2021).
4968:. The New Athenian. Archived from
4309:(in Norwegian). 28 February 2022.
4279:. 25 February 2022. Archived from
4101:. 29 February 2020. Archived from
3407:from the original on 23 March 2023
3190:from the original on 29 March 2021
3157:
3145:from the original on 29 March 2019
1843:2012 Turkish F-4 Phantom shootdown
1250:(independence from France in 1962)
508:North Atlantic Treaty Organization
14:
7230:
7194:Treaties of the Kingdom of Greece
6304:National Security Resources Board
5925:Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council
5354:
5254:from the original on 3 March 2000
5162:. 6 December 2023. Archived from
5136:from the original on 7 March 2023
5110:from the original on 7 March 2023
5035:from the original on 11 July 2024
4764:from the original on 18 July 2023
4691:Miller, Maggie (5 October 2022).
4556:. 22 January 2010. Archived from
4501:from the original on 4 April 2023
4444:from the original on 1 March 2022
3827:from the original on 24 July 2014
3788:from the original on 4 March 2014
3751:from the original on 6 March 2014
3641:from the original on 2 April 2022
3520:from the original on 13 July 2023
3464:from the original on 6 April 2023
3344:from the original on 4 April 2022
3261:from the original on 26 June 2023
3045:from the original on 20 July 2018
1354:Effective transportation networks
6987:
6986:
6343:Joint Long Range Proving Grounds
6144:State of the Union Address (1946
5070:from the original on 3 June 2023
4853:
4547:"NATO's Operations 1949–Present"
4355:
4249:from the original on 27 May 2023
3669:from the original on 28 May 2022
3434:from the original on 31 May 2023
3318:from the original on 7 June 2023
3279:
2748:
2736:
2713:
2701:
2678:
2666:
2643:
2631:
2608:
2596:
2573:
2561:
2538:
2526:
2503:
2491:
2470:
2458:
2435:
2423:
2400:
2388:
2365:
2353:
2330:
2318:
2295:
2283:
2238:
2225:
2202:
2189:
2166:
2153:
2130:
2117:
2105:
2093:
1953:
1940:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
1932:Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant
1900:
1888:
1855:
1825:
1718:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
1701:
1689:
1677:
1665:
1653:
1641:
1629:
1616:
1581:
1537:
1500:
1488:
1475:
1452:
1422:
1392:
1254:
1240:
1226:
1190:
1176:
1162:
1148:
1134:
1120:
1106:
1092:
1074:
1060:
1046:
1032:
1018:
1004:
990:
976:
944:
930:
912:
898:
859:
838:
816:
794:
773:
745:
724:
703:
681:
659:
638:
610:
481:
437:
426:
415:
404:
393:
382:
371:
360:
349:
338:
327:
316:
305:
294:
283:
272:
261:
250:
239:
228:
217:
206:
195:
184:
173:
162:
151:
140:
129:
118:
107:
96:
27:
6625:Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1952
6554:Housing and Home Finance Agency
5940:Istanbul Cooperation Initiative
5724:Supreme Allied Commander Europe
5719:Chair of the Military Committee
5456:North Atlantic Treaty Article 8
5296:
5266:
5236:
5211:
5184:
5170:
5148:
5122:
5096:
5082:
5015:
4984:
4958:
4932:
4919:
4893:
4795:
4654:
4635:
4613:
4594:
4575:
4539:
4513:
4475:
4456:
4430:
4404:
4374:
4349:
4325:
4303:"Stoltenberg varsler mer hjelp"
4295:
4235:
4211:
4181:
4147:
4121:
4091:
4059:
4029:
3898:
3872:
3842:
3806:
3767:
3737:
3681:
3653:
3558:
3532:
3506:
3480:
3450:
3426:Jans, Karljin (18 March 2022).
3419:
3399:Eldon, Stewart (7 March 2017).
3392:
3360:
3330:
3304:
3273:
2971:
2308:Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373
2089:1958–1961, 1972–73 and 1975–76
1570:Denunciation of the attack and
7204:Treaties of the United Kingdom
7179:Treaties of the Czech Republic
6394:Office of Defense Mobilization
6382:Defense Production Act of 1950
6254:Alien Fiancées and Fiancés Act
6073:President of the United States
5982:Science for Peace and Security
5975:eastward NATO expansion issues
5244:"Membership Action Plan (MAP)"
4877:(in Spanish). 2 October 2021.
3247:
3202:
3127:
3092:
3057:
3002:
2958:
2893:Algerian Departments of France
2516:Franco-Greek defence agreement
2378:US–UK Mutual Defence Agreement
2263:Intra-NATO Military Alliances
1529:NATO Enhanced Forward Presence
1351:Resilient civil communications
1:
7209:Treaties of the United States
6876:Backstairs at the White House
6660:Missouri Office and Courtroom
6613:Unrelated Business Income Tax
6529:Legislative Reference Service
6461:U.S. Atomic Energy Commission
6284:National Security Act of 1947
5688:Allied Command Transformation
3813:Baker, Peter (3 March 2014).
2996:
2863:
2826:
2813:
2804:
2789:
2621:Anglo-Greek Defence Agreement
1288:Charter of the United Nations
1208:
521:
6473:Council of Economic Advisers
5631:International Military Staff
4828:Hall, John (8 August 1965).
3665:(Speech). 10 February 2003.
2771:
2551:UK-Finland Defence Agreement
1994:
1757:
1598:Northwestern Syria offensive
1414:Operation Display Deterrence
1358:
1311:
1293:
1277:
7:
7199:Treaties of the Netherlands
7139:Treaties of North Macedonia
7034:April 1949 events in Europe
6816:Harry S. Truman Scholarship
6387:Relief of Douglas MacArthur
6318:Central Intelligence Agency
5920:Atlantic Treaty Association
4463:NATO: Key Events (timeline)
3957:Ford, Dana (27 July 2015).
3774:Ford, Matt (1 March 2014).
3282:"The North Atlantic Treaty"
2907:
2586:UK-Sweden Defence Agreement
2069:that have threatened this:
2010:In 1954, following India's
1795:, a naval operation in the
1566:2015 NATO emergency meeting
1272:
10:
7235:
7049:Treaties concluded in 1949
6443:National Mental Health Act
6400:Science Advisory Committee
6289:U.S. Department of Defense
6196:Presidential Proclamations
6092:U.S. Senator from Missouri
5515:Animus in consulendo liber
5442:Turkish Invasion of Cyprus
3540:"Resilience and Article 3"
3475:first within the Alliance.
3078:10.1162/isec.2010.34.3.158
2830:
2793:
2775:
2179:Turkish invasion of Cyprus
1968:
1915:
1870:
1840:
1793:Operation Active Endeavour
1775:
1723:
1563:
593:Current NATO member states
579:
6953:
6938:Martha Ellen Young Truman
6918:
6839:
6831:Statue of Harry S. Truman
6788:
6721:
6713:Truman Little White House
6691:Harry S. Truman Farm Home
6678:
6642:
6536:National School Lunch Act
6456:Atomic Energy Act of 1946
6422:
6299:National Security Council
6209:
6102:
6064:
5991:
5910:
5737:
5706:
5698:Standardization agreement
5606:
5551:
5506:
5450:
5419:
5415:
5305:The North Atlantic Treaty
3135:"A short history of NATO"
3101:Pacific Historical Review
2080:
1752:Belarusian migrant crisis
1556:, which it attributed to
1442:
480:
475:
461:
451:
83:
72:
54:
46:
38:
26:
7219:Treaties of West Germany
7024:1949 in Washington, D.C.
7019:1949 in military history
6811:Truman Dam and Reservoir
6587:Agricultural Act of 1949
6571:Agricultural Act of 1948
6413:National Security Agency
5970:Relationship with Russia
5681:SHAPE International Band
5346:Watry, David M. (2014).
3430:. Clingendal Institute.
3010:"Topic: Founding treaty"
2941:2022 NATO virtual summit
2413:Lancaster House Treaties
1975:Albanian prime minister
1924:Defence Select Committee
1738:, and activation of the
1215:rescinded its membership
6959:← Franklin D. Roosevelt
6895:(1997 documentary film)
6806:Harry S Truman Building
6524:Federal Tort Claims Act
5028:. GOV.UK. 11 May 2022.
4789:9 February 2024 at the
4647:19 October 2017 at the
4468:5 November 2014 at the
4381:Sherrod L. Bumgardner.
3993:16 October 2022 at the
3607:16 October 2022 at the
2035:Moroccan claims to them
1345:Food and water security
7134:Treaties of Montenegro
7129:Treaties of Luxembourg
6966:Dwight D. Eisenhower →
6468:Employment Act of 1946
6362:Revolt of the Admirals
5930:Mediterranean Dialogue
5912:Multilateral relations
5693:Parliamentary Assembly
5092:. GOV.UK. 11 May 2022.
4929:(Princeton U.P., 2014)
3066:International Security
2899:Regarding Article 11:
2784:North Atlantic Council
2778:North Atlantic Council
1926:of the United Kingdom
1803:Threatened invocations
1789:Operation Eagle Assist
1600:, including suspected
1444:Operation Active Fence
1372:Article 4 invocations
1366:North Atlantic Council
886:
833:Pedro Teotónio Pereira
601:of their countries in
594:
557:
545:
60:; 75 years ago
7124:Treaties of Lithuania
6944:Clifton Truman Daniel
6848:Give 'em Hell, Harry!
6821:Truman Sports Complex
6650:Early life and career
6349:North Atlantic Treaty
6325:Displaced Persons Act
6294:Joint Chiefs of Staff
6201:Eisenhower transition
6186:"The buck stops here"
6159:Judicial appointments
6132:Assassination attempt
5960:Partnership for Peace
5598:.nato Internet domain
5561:North Atlantic Treaty
5374:North Atlantic Treaty
3401:"Brexit and Security"
2887:Regarding Article 6:
2879:Regarding Article 6:
2872:Changes since signing
2039:the Balyun airstrikes
884:
869:– Secretary of State
624:and Ambassador Baron
592:
553:
532:
500:North Atlantic Treaty
487:North Atlantic Treaty
22:North Atlantic Treaty
7164:Treaties of Slovenia
7159:Treaties of Slovakia
7074:Treaties of Bulgaria
6851:(1975 play and film)
6767:Dewey Defeats Truman
6576:Executive Order 9981
6266:Executive Order 9835
6235:Declaration to Japan
5950:NATO global partners
5586:potential withdrawal
4606:27 June 2015 at the
4587:26 June 2015 at the
4440:. 16 November 2021.
4414:. 14 November 2021.
4245:. 24 February 2022.
4227:. 24 February 2022.
4195:. 24 February 2022.
4161:. 28 February 2020.
4131:. 28 February 2020.
4075:. 28 February 2020.
3852:. 26 November 2018.
3637:. 24 February 2022.
3572:. 13 December 1956.
2985:in 1990, the former
2833:Withdrawal from NATO
2343:Ogdensburg Agreement
1878:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
1784:September 11 attacks
1778:September 11 attacks
1772:September 11 attacks
1730:Defensive build-up,
1726:2022 Brussels summit
848:– Foreign Secretary
755:– Foreign Minister
502:, also known as the
7154:Treaties of Romania
7109:Treaties of Iceland
7104:Treaties of Hungary
7099:Treaties of Finland
7094:Treaties of Estonia
7089:Treaties of Denmark
7084:Treaties of Croatia
7069:Treaties of Belgium
7064:Treaties of Albania
6926:Bess Wallace Truman
6826:U.S. Postage stamps
6620:Revenue Act of 1951
6603:Revenue Act of 1950
6597:Dingell–Johnson Act
6592:Housing Act of 1949
6582:Revenue Act of 1948
6438:Revenue Act of 1945
6230:Agreement on Europe
5945:Major non-NATO ally
5626:International Staff
5166:on 7 December 2023.
5132:. 8 February 2023.
4738:on 7 September 2022
4283:on 27 February 2022
4039:. 1 December 2015.
3908:. 26 January 2015.
3717:. 5 December 2012.
3180:Library of Congress
2264:
2074:
1809:
1740:NATO Response Force
1552:In response to the
1516:In response to the
1373:
1348:Medical emergencies
1342:Immigration control
829:José Caeiro da Mata
827:– Foreign Minister
804:– Foreign Minister
783:– Foreign Minister
734:– Foreign Minister
715:Bjarni Benediktsson
713:– Foreign Minister
692:– Foreign Minister
669:– Foreign Minister
605:, on 4 April 1949:
539:, and a bit of the
518:, on 4 April 1949.
58:24 August 1949
23:
7214:Treaties of Turkey
7174:Treaties of Sweden
7149:Treaties of Poland
7144:Treaties of Norway
7119:Treaties of Latvia
7079:Treaties of Canada
7044:Political charters
6979:Alben W. Barkley →
6974:← Henry A. Wallace
6608:Excess profits tax
6480:Flood Control Acts
6331:Key West Agreement
6224:Potsdam Conference
5593:Opposition to NATO
5432:The Aegean Dispute
4972:on 6 November 2019
4836:. UPI. p. 4.
4808:The New York Times
4668:. 20 August 2022.
4487:The New York Times
3820:The New York Times
3764:, Turkishpress.com
3041:. Truman Library.
2946:2022 Madrid summit
2919:Treaty of Brussels
2262:
2072:
1965:October 2022
1808:Article 5 threats
1807:
1554:2015 Suruç bombing
1371:
1330:2016 Warsaw summit
887:
789:Eelco van Kleffens
626:Robert Silvercruys
595:
21:
7169:Treaties of Spain
7114:Treaties of Italy
7039:Cold War treaties
7001:
7000:
6879:(1979 miniseries)
6701:Historic District
6638:
6637:
6630:1952 steel strike
6502:Fulbright Program
6278:Hoover Commission
6024:
6023:
5714:Secretary General
5616:NATO headquarters
5576:List of exercises
5466:
5465:
5462:
5461:
4903:. 20 March 2020.
3882:. 18 March 2019.
3799:Linas Linkevicius
3691:. 16 April 2003.
3338:"CANADA AND NATO"
2966:Kingdom of Greece
2952:Explanatory notes
2766:
2765:
2256:
2255:
1992:
1991:
1912:August 2022
1867:August 2012
1747:
1746:
1322:2014 Wales summit
1270:
1269:
1206:
1205:
960:
959:
761:Hugues Le Gallais
740:Alberto Tarchiani
650:Lester B. Pearson
599:plenipotentiaries
549:John D. Hickerson
528:Theodore Achilles
504:Washington Treaty
496:
495:
42:Military alliance
7226:
6990:
6989:
6903:(2022 TV series)
6665:Truman Committee
6565:Taft–Hartley Act
6432:Medal of Freedom
6207:
6206:
6191:Executive Orders
6095:
6087:
6076:
6051:
6044:
6037:
6028:
6027:
5955:Open door policy
5651:Maritime Command
5493:
5486:
5479:
5470:
5469:
5417:
5416:
5404:
5397:
5390:
5381:
5380:
5370:
5335:
5334:
5328:
5320:
5319:
5317:
5300:
5294:
5293:
5291:
5289:
5270:
5264:
5263:
5261:
5259:
5240:
5234:
5233:
5231:
5229:
5215:
5209:
5208:
5206:
5204:
5188:
5182:
5181:
5174:
5168:
5167:
5152:
5146:
5145:
5143:
5141:
5126:
5120:
5119:
5117:
5115:
5100:
5094:
5093:
5086:
5080:
5079:
5077:
5075:
5054:
5045:
5044:
5042:
5040:
5034:
5027:
5019:
5013:
5012:
5010:
5008:
4988:
4982:
4981:
4979:
4977:
4962:
4956:
4955:
4953:
4951:
4936:
4930:
4923:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4912:
4897:
4891:
4890:
4888:
4886:
4867:
4861:
4860:
4858:
4857:
4847:
4845:
4825:
4819:
4818:
4816:
4814:
4799:
4793:
4780:
4774:
4773:
4771:
4769:
4754:
4748:
4747:
4745:
4743:
4734:. Archived from
4721:
4715:
4714:
4712:
4710:
4688:
4682:
4681:
4679:
4677:
4658:
4652:
4639:
4633:
4632:
4631:on 26 June 2015.
4627:. Archived from
4617:
4611:
4598:
4592:
4579:
4573:
4572:
4570:
4568:
4562:
4551:
4543:
4537:
4536:
4534:
4532:
4517:
4511:
4510:
4508:
4506:
4479:
4473:
4460:
4454:
4453:
4451:
4449:
4434:
4428:
4427:
4425:
4423:
4408:
4402:
4401:
4396:
4394:
4378:
4372:
4371:
4353:
4347:
4346:
4329:
4323:
4322:
4320:
4318:
4299:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4288:
4269:
4263:
4262:
4256:
4254:
4239:
4233:
4232:
4215:
4209:
4208:
4206:
4204:
4185:
4179:
4178:
4172:
4170:
4151:
4145:
4144:
4142:
4140:
4125:
4119:
4118:
4112:
4110:
4095:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4084:
4063:
4057:
4056:
4050:
4048:
4033:
4027:
4026:
4024:
4022:
4013:. 28 July 2015.
4007:
3998:
3985:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3974:
3954:
3948:
3947:
3945:
3943:
3928:
3922:
3921:
3919:
3917:
3902:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3891:
3876:
3870:
3869:
3863:
3861:
3846:
3840:
3839:
3834:
3832:
3810:
3804:
3803:
3795:
3793:
3771:
3765:
3763:
3758:
3756:
3747:. 1 March 2014.
3741:
3735:
3734:
3728:
3726:
3711:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3700:
3685:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3657:
3651:
3650:
3648:
3646:
3627:
3612:
3599:
3590:
3589:
3583:
3581:
3562:
3556:
3555:
3553:
3551:
3542:. 11 July 2021.
3536:
3530:
3529:
3527:
3525:
3516:. 15 July 2021.
3510:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3499:
3484:
3478:
3477:
3471:
3469:
3454:
3448:
3447:
3441:
3439:
3423:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3412:
3396:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3385:
3379:
3372:
3364:
3358:
3357:
3351:
3349:
3334:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3308:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3297:
3277:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3266:
3251:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3240:
3206:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3195:
3189:
3176:
3168:
3155:
3154:
3152:
3150:
3131:
3125:
3124:
3096:
3090:
3089:
3061:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3050:
3035:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3021:
3016:. 2 October 2022
3006:
2990:
2975:
2969:
2962:
2936:Syrian Civil War
2782:Establishes the
2754:
2752:
2751:
2742:
2740:
2739:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2672:
2670:
2669:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2637:
2635:
2634:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2579:
2577:
2576:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2544:
2542:
2541:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2509:
2507:
2506:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2476:
2474:
2473:
2464:
2462:
2461:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2429:
2427:
2426:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2394:
2392:
2391:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2359:
2357:
2356:
2336:
2334:
2333:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2265:
2261:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2231:
2229:
2228:
2208:
2206:
2205:
2195:
2193:
2192:
2172:
2170:
2169:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2123:
2121:
2120:
2111:
2109:
2108:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2075:
2071:
2063:held in abeyance
2056:Articles 7 and 8
2001:Tropic of Cancer
1959:
1957:
1956:
1906:
1904:
1903:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1861:
1859:
1858:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1810:
1806:
1707:
1705:
1704:
1695:
1693:
1692:
1683:
1681:
1680:
1671:
1669:
1668:
1659:
1657:
1656:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1622:
1620:
1619:
1587:
1585:
1584:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1506:
1504:
1503:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1481:
1479:
1478:
1458:
1456:
1455:
1428:
1426:
1425:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1374:
1370:
1260:
1258:
1257:
1246:
1244:
1243:
1232:
1230:
1229:
1220:
1219:
1200:(joined in 2024)
1196:
1194:
1193:
1186:(joined in 2023)
1182:
1180:
1179:
1172:(joined in 2020)
1168:
1166:
1165:
1158:(joined in 2017)
1154:
1152:
1151:
1144:(joined in 2009)
1140:
1138:
1137:
1130:(joined in 2009)
1126:
1124:
1123:
1116:(joined in 2004)
1112:
1110:
1109:
1102:(joined in 2004)
1098:
1096:
1095:
1084:(joined in 2004)
1080:
1078:
1077:
1070:(joined in 2004)
1066:
1064:
1063:
1056:(joined in 2004)
1052:
1050:
1049:
1042:(joined in 2004)
1038:
1036:
1035:
1028:(joined in 2004)
1024:
1022:
1021:
1014:(joined in 1999)
1010:
1008:
1007:
1000:(joined in 1999)
996:
994:
993:
986:(joined in 1999)
982:
980:
979:
970:
969:
954:(joined in 1982)
950:
948:
947:
940:(joined in 1955)
936:
934:
933:
922:(joined in 1952)
918:
916:
915:
908:(joined in 1952)
904:
902:
901:
892:
891:
865:
863:
862:
844:
842:
841:
826:
822:
820:
819:
806:Halvard M. Lange
800:
798:
797:
779:
777:
776:
769:
751:
749:
748:
730:
728:
727:
709:
707:
706:
691:
687:
685:
684:
675:Henrik Kauffmann
671:Gustav Rasmussen
665:
663:
662:
644:
642:
641:
634:
622:Paul-Henri Spaak
616:
614:
613:
603:Washington, D.C.
585:Founding members
516:Washington, D.C.
485:
484:
443:
441:
440:
432:
430:
429:
421:
419:
418:
410:
408:
407:
399:
397:
396:
388:
386:
385:
377:
375:
374:
366:
364:
363:
355:
353:
352:
344:
342:
341:
333:
331:
330:
323:North Macedonia
322:
320:
319:
311:
309:
308:
300:
298:
297:
289:
287:
286:
278:
276:
275:
267:
265:
264:
256:
254:
253:
245:
243:
242:
234:
232:
231:
223:
221:
220:
212:
210:
209:
201:
199:
198:
190:
188:
187:
179:
177:
176:
168:
166:
165:
157:
155:
154:
146:
144:
143:
135:
133:
132:
124:
122:
121:
113:
111:
110:
102:
100:
99:
68:
66:
61:
50:Washington, D.C.
31:
24:
20:
7234:
7233:
7229:
7228:
7227:
7225:
7224:
7223:
7004:
7003:
7002:
6997:
6949:
6932:Margaret Truman
6914:
6835:
6784:
6717:
6674:
6634:
6508:Hill–Burton Act
6418:
6260:Luce–Celler Act
6219:Truman Doctrine
6205:
6098:
6090:
6079:
6068:
6060:
6058:Harry S. Truman
6055:
6025:
6020:
5987:
5906:
5847:North Macedonia
5733:
5702:
5602:
5547:
5502:
5497:
5467:
5458:
5446:
5411:
5408:
5365:
5357:
5343:
5341:Further reading
5338:
5322:
5321:
5315:
5313:
5302:
5301:
5297:
5287:
5285:
5272:
5271:
5267:
5257:
5255:
5242:
5241:
5237:
5227:
5225:
5217:
5216:
5212:
5202:
5200:
5190:
5189:
5185:
5176:
5175:
5171:
5154:
5153:
5149:
5139:
5137:
5128:
5127:
5123:
5113:
5111:
5102:
5101:
5097:
5088:
5087:
5083:
5073:
5071:
5066:. 11 May 2022.
5063:National Review
5056:
5055:
5048:
5038:
5036:
5032:
5025:
5021:
5020:
5016:
5006:
5004:
4989:
4985:
4975:
4973:
4964:
4963:
4959:
4949:
4947:
4938:
4937:
4933:
4924:
4920:
4910:
4908:
4899:
4898:
4894:
4884:
4882:
4869:
4868:
4864:
4852:
4843:
4841:
4834:Chicago Tribune
4826:
4822:
4812:
4810:
4800:
4796:
4791:Wayback Machine
4781:
4777:
4767:
4765:
4756:
4755:
4751:
4741:
4739:
4731:The White House
4722:
4718:
4708:
4706:
4689:
4685:
4675:
4673:
4660:
4659:
4655:
4649:Wayback Machine
4640:
4636:
4619:
4618:
4614:
4608:Wayback Machine
4599:
4595:
4589:Wayback Machine
4580:
4576:
4566:
4564:
4563:on 1 March 2013
4560:
4549:
4545:
4544:
4540:
4530:
4528:
4519:
4518:
4514:
4504:
4502:
4480:
4476:
4470:Wayback Machine
4461:
4457:
4447:
4445:
4436:
4435:
4431:
4421:
4419:
4410:
4409:
4405:
4392:
4390:
4379:
4375:
4354:
4350:
4331:
4330:
4326:
4316:
4314:
4301:
4300:
4296:
4286:
4284:
4271:
4270:
4266:
4252:
4250:
4241:
4240:
4236:
4217:
4216:
4212:
4202:
4200:
4187:
4186:
4182:
4168:
4166:
4153:
4152:
4148:
4138:
4136:
4127:
4126:
4122:
4108:
4106:
4105:on 3 March 2020
4097:
4096:
4092:
4082:
4080:
4065:
4064:
4060:
4046:
4044:
4035:
4034:
4030:
4020:
4018:
4009:
4008:
4001:
3995:Wayback Machine
3986:
3982:
3972:
3970:
3955:
3951:
3941:
3939:
3930:
3929:
3925:
3915:
3913:
3904:
3903:
3899:
3889:
3887:
3878:
3877:
3873:
3859:
3857:
3848:
3847:
3843:
3830:
3828:
3811:
3807:
3791:
3789:
3772:
3768:
3754:
3752:
3743:
3742:
3738:
3724:
3722:
3713:
3712:
3708:
3698:
3696:
3687:
3686:
3682:
3672:
3670:
3659:
3658:
3654:
3644:
3642:
3629:
3628:
3615:
3609:Wayback Machine
3600:
3593:
3579:
3577:
3564:
3563:
3559:
3549:
3547:
3538:
3537:
3533:
3523:
3521:
3512:
3511:
3507:
3497:
3495:
3490:. 8 July 2016.
3486:
3485:
3481:
3467:
3465:
3460:. 8 June 2006.
3456:
3455:
3451:
3437:
3435:
3424:
3420:
3410:
3408:
3397:
3393:
3383:
3381:
3377:
3370:
3366:
3365:
3361:
3347:
3345:
3336:
3335:
3331:
3321:
3319:
3310:
3309:
3305:
3295:
3293:
3278:
3274:
3264:
3262:
3253:
3252:
3248:
3238:
3236:
3207:
3203:
3193:
3191:
3187:
3174:
3170:
3169:
3158:
3148:
3146:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3113:10.2307/4492264
3097:
3093:
3062:
3058:
3048:
3046:
3037:
3036:
3029:
3019:
3017:
3008:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2994:
2993:
2976:
2972:
2963:
2959:
2954:
2910:
2874:
2866:
2835:
2829:
2816:
2807:
2798:
2792:
2780:
2774:
2768:
2749:
2747:
2746:
2737:
2735:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2702:
2700:
2679:
2677:
2676:
2667:
2665:
2644:
2642:
2641:
2632:
2630:
2609:
2607:
2606:
2597:
2595:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2562:
2560:
2539:
2537:
2536:
2527:
2525:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2492:
2490:
2471:
2469:
2468:
2459:
2457:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2424:
2422:
2401:
2399:
2398:
2389:
2387:
2366:
2364:
2363:
2354:
2352:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2319:
2317:
2296:
2294:
2293:
2284:
2282:
2239:
2237:
2226:
2224:
2203:
2201:
2190:
2188:
2167:
2165:
2154:
2152:
2131:
2129:
2118:
2116:
2115:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2094:
2092:
2058:
1997:
1973:
1954:
1952:
1920:
1901:
1899:
1898:
1889:
1887:
1875:
1856:
1854:
1845:
1837:June 2012
1826:
1824:
1805:
1780:
1774:
1760:
1728:
1702:
1700:
1699:
1690:
1688:
1687:
1678:
1676:
1675:
1666:
1664:
1663:
1654:
1652:
1651:
1642:
1640:
1639:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1617:
1615:
1582:
1580:
1568:
1538:
1536:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1476:
1474:
1453:
1451:
1423:
1421:
1393:
1391:
1361:
1314:
1296:
1280:
1275:
1255:
1253:
1241:
1239:
1227:
1225:
1211:
1191:
1189:
1177:
1175:
1170:North Macedonia
1163:
1161:
1149:
1147:
1135:
1133:
1121:
1119:
1107:
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852:and Ambassador
839:
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831:and Ambassador
817:
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808:and Ambassador
795:
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787:and Ambassador
774:
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759:and Ambassador
746:
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738:and Ambassador
725:
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696:and Ambassador
682:
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673:and Ambassador
660:
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541:Brussels Treaty
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5772:Czech Republic
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5355:External links
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1714:February 2022
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1593:February 2020
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694:Robert Schuman
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5617:
5614:
5613:
5611:
5609:
5605:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5587:
5584:
5583:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5558:
5556:
5554:
5550:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5528:
5527:The NATO Hymn
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5516:
5512:
5511:
5509:
5505:
5501:
5494:
5489:
5487:
5482:
5480:
5475:
5474:
5471:
5457:
5453:
5449:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5424:
5422:
5418:
5414:
5405:
5400:
5398:
5393:
5391:
5386:
5385:
5382:
5375:
5372:
5368:
5364:
5362:
5361:Official text
5359:
5358:
5349:
5345:
5344:
5332:
5326:
5311:
5307:
5306:
5299:
5283:
5279:
5275:
5269:
5253:
5249:
5245:
5239:
5224:
5220:
5214:
5199:
5198:
5193:
5187:
5179:
5173:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5151:
5135:
5131:
5125:
5109:
5105:
5099:
5091:
5085:
5069:
5065:
5064:
5059:
5053:
5051:
5031:
5024:
5018:
5002:
4998:
4994:
4987:
4971:
4967:
4961:
4945:
4941:
4935:
4928:
4922:
4906:
4902:
4896:
4880:
4876:
4872:
4866:
4856:
4851:
4839:
4835:
4831:
4824:
4809:
4805:
4798:
4792:
4788:
4785:
4779:
4763:
4759:
4753:
4737:
4733:
4732:
4727:
4720:
4704:
4700:
4699:
4694:
4687:
4671:
4667:
4663:
4657:
4650:
4646:
4643:
4638:
4630:
4626:
4622:
4616:
4609:
4605:
4602:
4597:
4590:
4586:
4583:
4578:
4559:
4555:
4548:
4542:
4526:
4522:
4516:
4500:
4496:
4492:
4488:
4485:
4478:
4471:
4467:
4464:
4459:
4443:
4439:
4433:
4417:
4413:
4407:
4400:
4388:
4384:
4377:
4369:
4365:
4364:
4359:
4356:Cook, Lorne.
4352:
4344:
4340:
4339:
4334:
4328:
4312:
4308:
4304:
4298:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4268:
4261:
4248:
4244:
4238:
4230:
4226:
4225:
4220:
4214:
4198:
4194:
4190:
4184:
4177:
4164:
4160:
4156:
4150:
4134:
4130:
4124:
4117:
4104:
4100:
4094:
4078:
4074:
4073:
4068:
4062:
4055:
4042:
4038:
4032:
4016:
4012:
4006:
4004:
3996:
3992:
3989:
3984:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3953:
3937:
3933:
3927:
3911:
3907:
3901:
3885:
3881:
3875:
3868:
3855:
3851:
3845:
3838:
3826:
3822:
3821:
3816:
3809:
3802:
3800:
3787:
3783:
3782:
3777:
3770:
3762:
3750:
3746:
3740:
3733:
3720:
3716:
3710:
3694:
3690:
3684:
3668:
3664:
3663:
3656:
3640:
3636:
3632:
3626:
3624:
3622:
3620:
3618:
3610:
3606:
3603:
3598:
3596:
3588:
3575:
3571:
3567:
3561:
3545:
3541:
3535:
3519:
3515:
3509:
3493:
3489:
3483:
3476:
3463:
3459:
3453:
3446:
3433:
3429:
3422:
3406:
3402:
3395:
3376:
3369:
3363:
3356:
3343:
3339:
3333:
3317:
3313:
3307:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3276:
3260:
3256:
3250:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3213:
3205:
3186:
3182:
3181:
3173:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3161:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3130:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3095:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3060:
3044:
3040:
3034:
3032:
3015:
3011:
3005:
3001:
2988:
2984:
2983:reunification
2980:
2974:
2967:
2961:
2957:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2925:
2924:Western Union
2922:
2921:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2911:
2902:
2901:
2900:
2894:
2890:
2889:
2888:
2882:
2881:
2880:
2877:
2869:
2861:
2859:
2855:
2850:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2834:
2824:
2822:
2811:
2802:
2797:
2787:
2785:
2779:
2769:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2745:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2721:United States
2710:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2686:United States
2675:
2664:
2661:
2660:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2651:United States
2640:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2605:
2594:
2591:
2590:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2570:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2535:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2500:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2481:
2479:
2478:United States
2467:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2449:
2448:Aachen Treaty
2446:
2444:
2432:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2397:
2386:
2383:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2373:United States
2362:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2338:United States
2327:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2292:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2273:
2270:
2267:
2266:
2260:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2236:
2234:
2223:
2221:1992–Present
2220:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2200:
2198:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2164:
2162:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2128:
2126:
2114:
2102:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2083:
2081:Belligerents
2077:
2076:
2070:
2068:
2064:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2015:
2013:
2008:
2004:
2002:
1988:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1972:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1951:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1922:Chair of the
1919:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1908:United States
1897:
1886:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1853:
1852:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1800:
1798:
1797:Mediterranean
1794:
1790:
1785:
1779:
1769:
1767:
1766:
1755:
1753:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1727:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1710:
1698:
1686:
1674:
1662:
1650:
1638:
1625:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1579:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1567:
1562:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1497:
1484:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1464:October 2012
1463:
1461:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1369:
1367:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1325:
1323:
1318:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1301:Canada Clause
1291:
1289:
1284:
1263:
1252:
1249:
1238:
1235:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:No state has
1199:
1188:
1185:
1174:
1171:
1160:
1157:
1146:
1143:
1132:
1129:
1118:
1115:
1104:
1101:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1072:
1069:
1058:
1055:
1044:
1041:
1030:
1027:
1016:
1013:
1002:
999:
988:
985:
974:
973:
972:
971:
968:
953:
942:
939:
928:
927:
926:
921:
910:
907:
896:
895:
894:
893:
890:
883:
872:
868:
867:United States
857:
855:
854:Oliver Franks
851:
847:
836:
834:
830:
825:
813:
811:
807:
803:
792:
790:
786:
782:
771:
767:
762:
758:
754:
743:
741:
737:
733:
722:
720:
716:
712:
701:
699:
695:
690:
678:
676:
672:
668:
657:
655:
651:
647:
636:
632:
627:
623:
619:
608:
607:
606:
604:
600:
591:
577:
573:
571:
567:
563:
556:
552:
550:
544:
542:
538:
531:
529:
519:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
492:
488:
479:
474:
471:
467:
464:
460:
457:
454:
450:
435:
424:
413:
402:
391:
380:
369:
358:
347:
336:
325:
314:
303:
292:
281:
270:
259:
248:
237:
226:
215:
204:
193:
182:
171:
160:
149:
138:
127:
116:
105:
94:
93:
86:
82:
78:
75:
71:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
30:
25:
19:
6985:
6964:
6957:
6906:
6898:
6890:
6882:
6874:
6866:
6856:Harry Truman
6854:
6846:
6840:Public image
6796:Bibliography
6348:
6001:(METO/CENTO)
5999:Baghdad Pact
5676:STRIKFORNATO
5656:JFC Brunssum
5646:Land Command
5560:
5521:Flag of NATO
5513:
5347:
5314:, retrieved
5304:
5298:
5288:27 September
5286:. Retrieved
5278:www.nato.int
5277:
5268:
5256:. Retrieved
5247:
5238:
5226:. Retrieved
5222:
5213:
5201:. Retrieved
5195:
5186:
5172:
5164:the original
5159:
5150:
5138:. Retrieved
5124:
5112:. Retrieved
5098:
5084:
5072:. Retrieved
5061:
5037:. Retrieved
5017:
5005:. Retrieved
4996:
4986:
4974:. Retrieved
4970:the original
4960:
4948:. Retrieved
4934:
4926:
4921:
4909:. Retrieved
4895:
4883:. Retrieved
4874:
4865:
4848:– via
4842:. Retrieved
4833:
4823:
4811:. Retrieved
4807:
4797:
4778:
4766:. Retrieved
4752:
4740:. Retrieved
4736:the original
4729:
4719:
4707:. Retrieved
4696:
4686:
4674:. Retrieved
4656:
4637:
4629:the original
4624:
4615:
4596:
4577:
4565:. Retrieved
4558:the original
4553:
4541:
4529:. Retrieved
4523:. Nato.int.
4515:
4503:. Retrieved
4486:
4477:
4458:
4446:. Retrieved
4432:
4420:. Retrieved
4406:
4398:
4391:. Retrieved
4376:
4361:
4351:
4336:
4327:
4315:. Retrieved
4306:
4297:
4285:. Retrieved
4281:the original
4267:
4258:
4251:. Retrieved
4237:
4222:
4213:
4201:. Retrieved
4192:
4183:
4174:
4167:. Retrieved
4159:euronews.com
4158:
4149:
4137:. Retrieved
4123:
4114:
4107:. Retrieved
4103:the original
4093:
4081:. Retrieved
4070:
4061:
4052:
4045:. Retrieved
4031:
4019:. Retrieved
3983:
3971:. Retrieved
3962:
3952:
3940:. Retrieved
3926:
3914:. Retrieved
3900:
3888:. Retrieved
3874:
3865:
3858:. Retrieved
3844:
3836:
3829:. Retrieved
3818:
3808:
3797:
3790:. Retrieved
3781:The Atlantic
3779:
3769:
3760:
3753:. Retrieved
3739:
3730:
3723:. Retrieved
3709:
3697:. Retrieved
3683:
3671:. Retrieved
3661:
3655:
3643:. Retrieved
3634:
3585:
3578:. Retrieved
3569:
3560:
3548:. Retrieved
3534:
3522:. Retrieved
3508:
3496:. Retrieved
3482:
3473:
3466:. Retrieved
3452:
3443:
3436:. Retrieved
3421:
3409:. Retrieved
3394:
3382:. Retrieved
3362:
3353:
3346:. Retrieved
3332:
3320:. Retrieved
3306:
3294:. Retrieved
3285:
3275:
3263:. Retrieved
3249:
3237:. Retrieved
3211:
3204:
3194:24 September
3192:. Retrieved
3178:
3147:. Retrieved
3138:
3129:
3104:
3100:
3094:
3069:
3065:
3059:
3047:. Retrieved
3018:. Retrieved
3013:
3004:
2979:West Germany
2973:
2960:
2898:
2886:
2878:
2875:
2867:
2851:
2843:contemplated
2836:
2817:
2808:
2799:
2781:
2767:
2257:
2125:West Germany
2059:
2043:
2016:
2009:
2005:
1998:
1974:
1921:
1876:
1846:
1781:
1763:
1761:
1748:
1729:
1627:
1569:
1486:
1362:
1326:
1319:
1315:
1300:
1297:
1285:
1281:
1212:
966:
938:West Germany
888:
871:Dean Acheson
850:Ernest Bevin
785:Dirk Stikker
736:Carlo Sforza
698:Henri Bonnet
596:
574:
562:Soviet Union
558:
554:
546:
533:
525:
510:(NATO). The
503:
499:
497:
312:Netherlands
77:Ratification
18:
6911:(2023 film)
6908:Oppenheimer
6887:(1995 film)
6871:(1976 film)
6708:Blair House
6372:1950–1953;
6094:(1935–1945)
6075:(1945–1953)
6016:Suwałki Gap
6005:Balkan Pact
5842:Netherlands
5666:JFC Norfolk
5641:Air Command
5581:Enlargement
4942:. US News.
4885:25 February
4625:TodaysZaman
4567:4 September
4422:25 February
4393:26 February
4317:28 February
4287:26 February
4203:25 February
4176:threatened.
4169:28 February
4139:27 February
4072:Daily Sabah
4047:27 February
4021:27 February
3916:27 February
3890:27 February
3860:27 February
3725:27 February
3699:26 February
3673:25 February
3645:25 February
3580:25 February
2987:East German
2914:Warsaw Pact
2050:Afghanistan
1734:support to
1513:March 2014
781:Netherlands
764: [
757:Joseph Bech
654:H. H. Wrong
629: [
301:Montenegro
290:Luxembourg
7008:Categories
6946:(grandson)
6934:(daughter)
6801:Truman Day
6686:Birthplace
6368:Korean War
6313:Department
6104:Presidency
5837:Montenegro
5832:Luxembourg
5661:JFC Naples
5571:Operations
5538:NATO Medal
5437:Turbot War
5258:5 February
4976:4 November
4950:3 November
4666:Charter 97
4277:Al Jazeera
3149:9 November
2997:References
2977:Joined as
2964:Joined as
2864:Article 14
2839:depositary
2827:Article 13
2814:Article 12
2805:Article 11
2790:Article 10
2215:Turbot War
2185:1994–1996
2048:(ISAF) in
2019:U.S. state
1724:See also:
1549:July 2015
1434:June 2012
1209:Withdrawal
1156:Montenegro
753:Luxembourg
719:Thor Thors
537:Rio Treaty
522:Background
491:Wikisource
452:Depositary
279:Lithuania
65:1949-08-24
6723:Elections
6424:Fair Deal
6309:Air Force
5827:Lithuania
5608:Structure
5543:NATO Star
5420:Conflicts
5074:13 August
5039:13 August
5007:6 January
4844:9 January
4742:5 October
4709:5 October
4676:20 August
4531:22 August
4495:0362-4331
4260:Alliance.
4224:Do Rzeczy
3020:19 August
2772:Article 9
2084:Conflict
1995:Article 6
1758:Article 5
1673:Lithuania
1496:Lithuania
1359:Article 4
1312:Article 3
1294:Article 2
1278:Article 1
1068:Lithuania
476:Full text
462:Languages
389:Slovenia
378:Slovakia
356:Portugal
125:Bulgaria
73:Condition
55:Effective
6992:Category
6940:(mother)
6761:campaign
6112:Timeline
5992:See also
5877:Slovenia
5872:Slovakia
5862:Portugal
5757:Bulgaria
5533:NATO Day
5451:See also
5427:Cod Wars
5325:citation
5316:10 March
5310:archived
5282:Archived
5252:Archived
5160:ABC News
5134:Archived
5108:Archived
5068:Archived
5030:Archived
5001:Archived
4944:Archived
4905:Archived
4879:Archived
4838:Archived
4813:20 March
4787:Archived
4768:17 March
4762:Archived
4703:Archived
4698:Politico
4670:Archived
4645:Archived
4604:Archived
4585:Archived
4525:Archived
4499:Archived
4466:Archived
4442:Archived
4416:Archived
4387:Archived
4368:Archived
4363:ABC News
4343:Archived
4338:The Star
4311:Archived
4247:Archived
4229:Archived
4197:Archived
4163:Archived
4133:Archived
4077:Archived
4041:Archived
4015:Archived
3991:Archived
3967:Archived
3942:27 April
3936:Archived
3910:Archived
3884:Archived
3867:Bulgaria
3854:Archived
3825:Archived
3786:Archived
3749:Archived
3719:Archived
3693:Archived
3667:Archived
3639:Archived
3635:NATO.int
3605:Archived
3574:Archived
3570:NATO.int
3550:31 March
3544:Archived
3524:31 March
3518:Archived
3498:31 March
3492:Archived
3468:28 March
3462:Archived
3445:reality.
3438:28 March
3432:Archived
3405:Archived
3375:Archived
3342:Archived
3316:Archived
3290:Archived
3265:26 March
3259:Archived
3257:. NATO.
3233:Archived
3221:70600742
3185:Archived
3143:Archived
3086:57566528
3043:Archived
2981:. After
2908:See also
2291:Portugal
2271:Members
2143:Cod Wars
1977:Edi Rama
1732:matériel
1709:Slovakia
1624:Bulgaria
1525:littoral
1408:Iraq War
1386:Outcome
1377:Nations
1273:Articles
1114:Slovenia
1100:Slovakia
1026:Bulgaria
824:Portugal
570:Cold War
564:against
367:Romania
246:Iceland
235:Hungary
213:Germany
191:Finland
180:Estonia
169:Denmark
147:Croatia
114:Belgium
103:Albania
47:Location
6861:Chicago
6176:Cabinet
6012:(SEATO)
5867:Romania
5812:Iceland
5807:Hungary
5797:Germany
5787:Finland
5782:Estonia
5777:Denmark
5767:Croatia
5752:Belgium
5747:Albania
5739:Members
5621:Council
5566:Summits
5553:History
5507:Symbols
5228:26 July
5203:5 April
5197:Reuters
5140:7 March
5114:7 March
4997:Reuters
4911:1 March
4875:Newtral
4448:1 March
4253:1 March
4193:AP NEWS
4109:1 March
4083:1 March
3973:27 July
3831:4 March
3792:4 March
3755:6 March
3411:4 April
3384:4 April
3348:4 April
3322:4 April
3296:4 April
3121:4492264
2744:Germany
2709:Denmark
2674:Finland
2534:Finland
2443:Germany
2138:Iceland
2101:Belgium
2031:Melilla
1961:Albania
1936:Ukraine
1819:Reason
1736:Ukraine
1697:Romania
1649:Estonia
1383:Reason
1305:Pearson
1248:Algeria
1184:Finland
1142:Croatia
1128:Albania
1082:Romania
1040:Estonia
998:Hungary
711:Iceland
667:Denmark
618:Belgium
580:Members
470:English
422:Turkey
411:Sweden
345:Poland
334:Norway
268:Latvia
224:Greece
202:France
136:Canada
84:Parties
63: (
6928:(wife)
6919:Family
6892:Truman
6884:Truman
6789:Legacy
6599:(1950)
6578:(1948)
6567:(1947)
6556:(1947)
6550:(1947)
6544:(1946)
6538:(1946)
6510:(1946)
6504:(1946)
6447:1946;
6434:(1945)
6415:(1952)
6402:, 1951
6398:1950;
6364:(1949)
6353:1949;
6345:(1949)
6339:(1948)
6333:(1948)
6327:(1948)
6280:(1947)
6274:(1947)
6268:(1947)
6262:(1946)
6256:(1946)
6250:(1945)
6244:(1945)
6228:1945;
6125:second
6086:(1945)
5892:Turkey
5887:Sweden
5857:Poland
5852:Norway
5822:Latvia
5802:Greece
5792:France
5762:Canada
5707:People
5223:GOV.UK
4505:26 May
4493:
3280:NATO.
3227:
3219:
3119:
3084:
3049:29 May
2753:
2741:
2718:
2706:
2683:
2671:
2648:
2639:Sweden
2636:
2613:
2604:Greece
2601:
2578:
2569:Sweden
2566:
2543:
2531:
2511:Greece
2508:
2499:France
2496:
2475:
2466:Greece
2463:
2440:
2431:France
2428:
2405:
2396:France
2393:
2370:
2358:
2335:
2326:Canada
2323:
2300:
2288:
2268:Since
2246:Turkey
2243:
2233:Greece
2230:
2207:
2197:Canada
2194:
2174:Turkey
2171:
2161:Greece
2158:
2135:
2122:
2110:
2098:
2023:Hawaii
1958:
1905:
1893:
1863:Turkey
1860:
1833:Turkey
1830:
1813:Party
1706:
1694:
1685:Poland
1682:
1670:
1661:Latvia
1658:
1646:
1634:
1621:
1589:Turkey
1586:
1545:Turkey
1542:
1508:Poland
1505:
1493:
1483:Latvia
1480:
1460:Turkey
1457:
1430:Turkey
1427:
1400:Turkey
1397:
1303:after
1259:
1245:
1234:Cyprus
1231:
1198:Sweden
1195:
1181:
1167:
1153:
1139:
1125:
1111:
1097:
1079:
1065:
1054:Latvia
1051:
1037:
1023:
1012:Poland
1009:
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981:
949:
935:
920:Turkey
917:
906:Greece
903:
864:
843:
821:
802:Norway
799:
778:
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729:
708:
689:France
686:
664:
646:Canada
643:
615:
512:treaty
466:French
442:
431:
420:
409:
400:Spain
398:
387:
376:
365:
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343:
332:
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310:
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266:
257:Italy
255:
244:
233:
222:
211:
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189:
178:
167:
156:
145:
134:
123:
112:
101:
6679:Homes
6154:1952)
6120:first
5984:(SPS)
5882:Spain
5817:Italy
5033:(PDF)
5026:(PDF)
4561:(PDF)
4550:(PDF)
4116:area.
3378:(PDF)
3371:(PDF)
3239:1 May
3188:(PDF)
3175:(PDF)
3117:JSTOR
3082:S2CID
2732:2024
2697:2023
2662:2023
2627:2023
2592:2023
2557:2022
2522:2022
2487:2021
2454:2019
2419:2020
2384:2010
2349:1958
2314:1940
2279:1373
2274:Name
2210:Spain
2149:1974
2078:Date
2027:Ceuta
1816:Date
1380:Date
1262:Malta
952:Spain
768:]
732:Italy
633:]
6756:1948
6746:1948
6736:1940
6643:Life
6495:1950
6490:1948
6485:1946
6355:NATO
6149:1950
6081:34th
6070:33rd
5331:link
5318:2022
5290:2020
5260:2015
5248:NATO
5230:2024
5205:2024
5142:2023
5116:2023
5076:2023
5041:2023
5009:2023
4978:2019
4952:2019
4913:2022
4887:2022
4846:2019
4815:2024
4770:2024
4744:2022
4711:2022
4678:2022
4569:2013
4554:NATO
4533:2010
4507:2017
4491:ISSN
4450:2022
4424:2022
4395:2022
4319:2022
4289:2022
4255:2022
4205:2022
4171:2020
4141:2022
4111:2022
4085:2022
4049:2022
4023:2022
3975:2015
3944:2022
3918:2022
3892:2022
3862:2022
3833:2014
3794:2014
3757:2014
3727:2022
3701:2022
3675:2022
3647:2022
3582:2022
3552:2022
3526:2022
3500:2022
3470:2022
3440:2022
3413:2022
3386:2022
3350:2022
3324:2022
3298:2022
3286:NATO
3267:2017
3241:2013
3229:6940
3225:OCLC
3217:LCCN
3196:2019
3151:2022
3139:NATO
3051:2014
3022:2024
3014:NATO
2029:and
1985:Iran
1791:and
1558:ISIS
498:The
39:Type
4307:NRK
3963:CNN
3109:doi
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