North Korea and weapons of mass destruction

5096: 1516: 37: 1747:, the country's regime released statements that it had successfully tested a hydrogen bomb. Whether this was in fact a hydrogen bomb has yet to be proven. Experts have cast doubt on this claim. A South Korean spy expert suggested that it may have been an atomic bomb and not a hydrogen bomb. Experts in several countries, including South Korea have expressed doubts about the claimed technology because of the relatively small size of the explosion. Senior Defense Analyst Bruce W. Bennett of research organization RAND told the BBC that "Kim Jong-un is either lying, saying they did a hydrogen test when they didn't, they just used a little bit more efficient fission weapon – or the hydrogen part of the test really didn't work very well or the fission part didn't work very well." 13767: 1684: 3316: 2999:, tested on July 4 and 29, 2017, estimated range is 6,700–10,000 km (4,200–6,200 mi) John Schilling estimates the current accuracy of the North's Hwasong-14 as poor at the mooted ranges which threaten US cities (which would require more testing to prove its accuracy). Michael Elleman has pointed out that the NHK video which captured the descent of the reentry vehicle (RV) shows its failure to survive reentry. If the RV had survived reentry, the video would have shown a bright image all the way to impact in the sea. However a recent CIA assessment notes that North Korea's ICBM reentry vehicles would likely perform adequately if flown on a normal trajectory to continental U.S. targets. 1863:

when attempting to recover Hwasong-14's engine. Equally, North Korea was not attempting to recover any re-entry debris either, which South Korea pointed out is an indication that this first launch was of an ICBM which was far from ready for combat. As of July 2017, the U.S. estimated that North Korea would have a reliable nuclear-capable intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) by early 2018. On July 28, North Korea launched a second, apparently more advanced, ICBM, with altitude around 3,700 km (2,300 mi), that traveled 1,000 km (620 mi) down range; analysts estimated that it was capable of reaching the continental United States.

3253: 1833:, North Korea staged a massive military parade to commemorate the 105th birth anniversary of Kim Il Sung, the country's founder and grandfather of current leader, Kim Jong Un. The parade took place amid hot speculation in the United States, Japan, and South Korea that the country would also potentially test a sixth nuclear device, but failed to do so. The parade did publicly display, for the first time, two new intercontinental ballistic missile-sized canisters as well as submarine-launched ballistic missiles and a land-based version of the same. 3200: 769: 504: 2836: 1143:

reaffirmed that it had no hostile intent toward the DPRK and was prepared to improve bilateral relationships, and agreed to ship humanitarian food aid to North Korea. The United States called the move "important, if limited", but said it would proceed cautiously and that talks would resume only after North Korea made steps toward fulfilling its promise. However, after North Korea conducted a long-range missile test in April 2012, the United States decided not to proceed with the food aid.

1437: 1669:. Although the claim was largely dismissed at the time, a 2012 analysis of radioisotopes suggested that North Korea may have performed two nuclear tests involving fusion. The paper was met with skepticism, as subsequent analysis of seismic data suggested no tests took place. In 2014, a study using seismic data found evidence for nuclear testing but a 2016 study once again dismissed claims of nuclear testing, suggesting that the seismic data was indicative of a minor earthquake. 2041: 1756: 3398: 1289: 2138:

denied the ability to observe North Korean power plants. Under normal operation, the reactor can produce about 6 kg of plutonium per year although the reactor would need to be shut down and the fuel rods extracted to begin the plutonium separation process. Hence, plutonium separation stages alternate with plutonium production stages. Reprocessing (also known as separation) is known to have taken place in 2003 for the first core and 2005 for the second core.

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including artillery and ballistic missiles. In addition, North Korean forces are prepared to operate in a contaminated environment; they train regularly in chemical defense operations." The report indicated that North Korea "continues to develop its biological research and development capabilities" and "may consider the use of biological weapons as an option, contrary to its obligations under the Biological and Toxins Weapons Convention."

3280: 3218: 1063:, as Congress denounced the agreement with North Korea, imposed new sanctions on North Korea, and hindered the Clinton administration from providing the supplies to North Korea that were part of the Agreed Framework. Implementation of the Agreed Framework foundered, and in 2002 the Agreed Framework fell apart, with each side blaming the other for its failure. By 2002, Pakistan had admitted that North Korea had gained access to 3232: 3172: 3094: 143: 2847:

miniaturize nuclear weapons has reached a considerable level. In a leaked report the American Defense Intelligence Agency also claims North Korea can miniaturize nuclear warheads for ballistic missiles. Whether North Korea has technology to protect their missiles upon re-entry is unknown. Some analysts suggest North Korea's new missiles are fakes. Various North Korean rocket tests continued into the 2010s, for example in

3116: 1353: 1317: 1303: 1341: 1329: 7507: 3412: 13719: 1425: 1413: 1401: 1389: 1377: 1365: 1444: 1096:, involving North Korea, South Korea, China, Russia, Japan, and the United States begun in 2003. According to the agreement, a list of its nuclear programs would be submitted and the nuclear facility would be disabled in exchange for fuel aid and normalization talks with the United States and Japan. This was delayed from April due to a dispute with the United States over 2128:

able to produce 0.9 grams of plutonium per thermal megawatt every day of its operation. The material required to make a single bomb is approximately four to eight kilograms. Often, North Korea has unloaded the reactor before reaching the maximum burnup level. There are three known cores which were unloaded in 1994 (under IAEA supervision in accordance with the

3166:'s efforts to produce ballistic missiles. In April 1998, Pakistan flight-tested the Ghauri MRBM, which is based on North Korea's Nodong missile. Also in April 1998, the United States imposed sanctions against Pakistani and North Korean entities for their role in transferring Missile Technology Control Regime Category I ballistic missile-related technology. 3194:. As of 2013, Syria relies on foreign assistance from multiple countries, including North Korea, for advanced missile components and technologies. In 2018, a United Nations report alleged that North Korea had been sending technicians and material to Syria to assist in its chemical weapons program, including acid-resistant tiles, valves, and thermometers. 3063:(KOMID) as North Korea's primary arms dealer and main exporter of equipment related to ballistic missiles and conventional weapons. The UN lists KOMID as being based in the Central District, Pyongyang. However, it also has offices in Beijing and sales offices worldwide which facilitate weapons sales and seek new customers for North Korean weapons. 1554:'s (IAEA) first inspection in North Korea uncovered discrepancies suggesting that the country had reprocessed more plutonium than declared. IAEA requested access to additional information and access to two nuclear waste sites at Yongbyon. North Korea rejected the IAEA request and announced on March 12, 1993, an intention to withdraw from the NPT. 1193:. The German source which estimates for all the North Korea's past nuclear test has instead made an initial estimation of 14 kt, which is about the same (revised) yield as its previous nuclear test in 2013. However, the yield estimation for January 2016 nuclear test was revised to 10 kt in the subsequent nuclear test from North Korea. 1059:, the U.S. government agreed to facilitate the supply of two light water reactors to North Korea in exchange for North Korean disarmament. Such reactors are considered "more proliferation-resistant than North Korea's graphite-moderated reactors", but not "proliferation proof". The Agreed Framework was undermined by a Republican Congress during 2085: 1259:, which states that in the case of an attack against the top leadership or the nuclear command and control system, nuclear attacks against the enemy would be launched automatically. Additionally, the new law indicates that if Kim Jong Un was killed, the authorization of nuclear strikes would pass to a senior official. 3386:

engine testing site and a launch pad. The international experts will also be allowed to witness the dismantling of other North Korean nuclear and missile test sites as well. Yongbyon, the main nuclear facility in North Korea, has also been inactive during the past year as well, but has not yet completely closed.

2155:. If completed, 50 MWe reactor would be capable of producing 60 kg of plutonium per year, enough for approximately 10 weapons and 200 MWe reactor 220 kg of plutonium annually, enough for approximately 40 weapons. Construction was halted in 1994 about a year from completion in accord with the 2756:, and warned of the possibility of North Korea's compulsory merger with South Korea by threats of nuclear weapons, taking advantage of any possible decrease in the U.S. military presence in South Korea, after North Korea deploys several hundred mobile ICBMs aimed at the United States. In 2016, Israeli analyst 2312:

The agreement also committed North Korea to implement the Joint Declaration on the Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, in which both Koreas committed not to have enrichment or reprocessing facilities. The United States argued North Korea violated its commitment not to have enrichment facilities.

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North Korea's military has also used a company called Hap Heng to sell weapons overseas. Hap Heng was based in Macau in the 1990s to handle sales of weapons and missile and nuclear technology to nations such as Pakistan and Iran. Pakistan's medium-range ballistic missile, the Ghauri, is considered to

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In the 2024 Nuclear Notebook, FAS estimated that North Korea had produced sufficient fissile material for up to 90 nuclear weapons and that up to 50 weapons had potentially been assembled. It was estimated that North Korea was capable of adding sufficient fissile material to produce an additional six

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By 2019 the DIA estimated that North Korea had accrued a stockpile of 65 weapons' worth of fissile material and that the country was producing as much as twelve weapons' worth of fissile material annually. U.S. intelligence also assessed that North Korea had built around 30 fissile material cores for

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In 2006, there were eight sites identified as potential test explosion sites for current (and future) tests according to a statement by the South Korean Parliament. These sites are distinguished from a number of other nuclear materials production facilities in that they are thought to be most closely

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type reactor is North Korea's main reactor, where practically all of its plutonium has been produced. A full core consists of 8,000 fuel rods and can yield a maximum of 27–29 kg of plutonium if left in the reactor for optimal burnup. The North Korean Plutonium Stock, Mid-2006, is estimated to be

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Aerospace engineer and weapons analyst Dr. John Schilling estimates the current accuracy of the North's Hwasong-14 as poor, at the mooted ranges which threaten US cities. Michael Elleman points out that July 28, 2017 missile re-entry vehicle broke up on re-entry; further testing would be required. On

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On September 9, 2016, a 5.3 seismic tremor was detected by seismographs in surrounding countries, after which North Korea confirmed it conducted another nuclear test. North Korea stated that this test has enabled them to confirm that its warhead can be mounted to a missile and to verify the warhead's

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Until 2022, North Korea's stated policy position was that nuclear weapons "will never be abused or used as a means for preemptive strike", but if there is an "attempt to have recourse to military force against us" North Korea may use their "most powerful offensive strength in advance to punish them".

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There is evidence that North Korea has been able to miniaturize a nuclear warhead for use on a ballistic missile. According to Japan's defense white paper North Korea does possess the ability to miniaturize nuclear weapons. A defense white paper from South Korea in 2018 said North Korea's ability to

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Highly enriched uranium (HEU) program was publicized in October 2002 when the United States asked North Korean officials about the program. Under the Agreed Framework, North Korea explicitly agreed to freeze plutonium programs (specifically, its "graphite moderated reactors and related facilities").

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One Soviet-supplied IRT-2000 research reactor, completed in 1967. Uranium irradiated in this reactor was used in North Korea's first plutonium separation experiments in 1975. Nevertheless, the primary purpose of the reactor is not to produce plutonium and North Korea has had trouble acquiring enough

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After North Korea claimed that the missile was capable of "carrying super-heavy warhead and hitting the whole mainland of the U.S.", Kim-Jong-Un announced that they had "finally realized the great historic cause of completing the state nuclear force", putting them in a position of strength to push

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had warned the North to not launch the rocket, and if it did and the rocket violated Japanese territory, it would be shot down. Nevertheless, North Korea launched the rocket anyway, leading the United States, Japan, and South Korea to criticize the launch. Despite North Korean claims that the rocket

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Satellite launching ground were included in these observations. The visit by the intelligence officials was in tandem with the September 2018 Pyongyang Agreement, which saw North Korean leader Kim Jung-Un agree to close Sohae and allow international experts to observe the dismantling of the missile

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KOMID has sold missile technology to Iran and has done deals for missile related technology with the Taiwanese. KOMID has also been responsible for the sale of equipment, including missile technologies, gunboats, and multiple rocket artilleries, worth a total of over $ 100 million, to Africa, South

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gave a mid-range estimate of 12 to 27 "nuclear weapon equivalents", including plutonium and uranium stockpiles. By 2016, North Korea was projected to have 14 to 48 nuclear weapon equivalents. The estimate was dropped to 13 to 30 nuclear weapon equivalents in 2017, but was increased to as much as 60

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In August 2019, Japan has upgraded its estimate of North Korea's nuclear weapons capability in an upcoming annual Defence White Paper, saying it seems Pyongyang has achieved the miniaturization of warheads. The defence report will maintain Japan's contention that North Korea's nuclear and ballistic

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did not survive atmospheric reentry due to apogee of 3,700 kilometers which caused structural stresses in excess of what an ICBM would have had in minimum energy trajectory. The CIA also concluded that North Korean reentry vehicle is likely advanced enough that it would likely survive reentry under

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said the missile was aloft for 37 minutes, meaning that in a standard trajectory it could have reached all of Alaska, a distance of 6,690 km (4,160 mi). By targeting the deep waters in the Sea of Japan, North Korea was ensuring that American or Japanese divers would encounter difficulties

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The U.S. is sanctioning six individuals and five entities in China for supporting North Korea's WMD and ballistic missile programs. This network aided a DPRK representative linked to the Second Academy of Natural Sciences. The U.S. aims to disrupt these networks to counter regional destabilization

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In December 2002, claiming North Korean non-compliance, the United States persuaded the KEDO Board to suspend fuel oil shipments, which led to the end of the Agreed Framework. North Korea responded by announcing plans to reactivate a dormant nuclear fuel processing program and power plant north of

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and their designs to North Korea. In May 2008, Khan, who had previously confessed to supplying the data on his own initiative, retracted his confession, claiming that the Pakistan Government forced him to be a "scapegoat". He also claimed that North Korea's nuclear program was well advanced before

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to be imported from outside North Korea, the amount of reactor fuel and waste could be more easily tracked, making it more difficult to divert nuclear waste to be reprocessed into plutonium. However, the Agreed Framework was mired in difficulties, with each side blaming the other for the delays in

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North Korea showed an interest in developing nuclear weapons since the 1950s. The nuclear program can be traced back to about 1962, when North Korea committed itself to what it called "all-fortressization", which was the beginning of the hyper-militarized North Korea of today. In 1963, North Korea

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North Korea is deploying 250 new tactical ballistic missile launchers near its border with South Korea, escalating regional tensions. North Korean leader Kim Jong-un emphasized their role in potential confrontation with the US. This move comes ahead of the annual US-South Korea military exercise,

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CNN reported on September 15, 2021, that North Korea is expanding uranium enrichment facility at Yongbyon with 1000 square meter expansion for additional 1000 centrifuges that would increase output of highly enriched uranium by up to 25% yearly and if centrifuges were to be replaced with upgraded

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In 1989, the 5 MWe reactor was shut down for a period of seventy to a hundred days. In this time it is estimated that up to fifteen kilograms of plutonium could have been extracted. In 1994, North Korea unloaded its reactors again. The IAEA had these under full surveillance until later being

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claims that the "U.S. has long posed nuclear threats to the DPRK" and "the U.S. was seized by a foolish ambition to bring down the DPRK", so it "needed a countermeasure". North Korea has been suspected of maintaining a clandestine nuclear weapons development program since the early 1980s, when it

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and not conduct any further tests of nuclear weapons while productive negotiations involving the United States continue. This agreement included a moratorium on long-range missile tests. Additionally, North Korea agreed to allow IAEA inspectors to monitor operations at Yongbyon. The United States

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Based on evidence from Pakistan, Libya, and multiple statements made by the DPRK government, the United States accused North Korea of noncompliance and halted oil shipments; North Korea later claimed its public confession of guilt had been deliberately misconstrued. By the end of 2002, the Agreed

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The North Korean nuclear challenge: is there a way forward? : joint hearing before the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific and the Subcommittee on International Terrorism and Nonproliferation of the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, One Hundred Ninth Congress,

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Report on North Korea by United Nations Panel of Experts with information's disclosed by various member countries that the status of its ballistic missile program as comprehensive and autonomous with guidance system being indigenous, demonstrated by recent test of a short range ballistic missile

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In its "Nuclear Notebook" on North Korean nuclear capabilities, published in January 2018, FAS estimated that North Korea had sufficient fissile material for 30 to 60 nuclear weapons. However, the report stated that North Korea had assembled 10 to 20 warheads at most, with most of those warheads

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to embark on a diplomatic mission ten days later to Japan, South Korea and China, in an effort to address the heightened international tension in the region. On April 13, 2017, White House representative Nick Rivero was quoted saying the United States was "very close" to engaging in some sort of

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technology and plutonium reprocessing technologies in defiance of the Agreed Framework. North Korea reportedly told American diplomats in private that they were in possession of nuclear weapons, citing American failures to uphold their own end of the Agreed Framework as a motivating force. North

3027:– potential range over 15,000 km depending on the warhead weight, according to initial Japanese estimate. The ICBM was believed to be first successfully tested on a full flight on November 18, 2022. The ICBM's long-range accuracy, and its ability to survive re-entry, are unknown as of 2022. 2877:

North Korea appeared to launch a missile test from a submarine on April 23, 2016; while the missile only traveled 30 km, one U.S. analyst noted that "North Korea's sub launch capability has gone from a joke to something very serious". However, as of 2023, there appears to be slow progress

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North Korea bypasses international sanctions to obtain missile components from Western countries, using sophisticated networks and support from China and Russia. Strengthened ties with Russia enhance North Korea's procurement capabilities, necessitating stricter export controls and monitoring.

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In 2007, a Bush administration official assessed that, while there was still a "high confidence" that North Korea acquired materials that could be used in a "production-scale" uranium program, there is only a "mid-confidence" level such a production-scale uranium (rather than merely plutonium)

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Within hours, many nations and organizations had condemned the test. Expert U.S. analysts do not believe that a hydrogen bomb was detonated. Seismic data collected so far suggests a 6–9 kiloton yield and that magnitude is not consistent with the power that would be generated by a hydrogen bomb

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for help in developing nuclear weapons, but was refused. The Soviet Union agreed to help North Korea develop a peaceful nuclear energy program, including the training of nuclear scientists. Later, China, after its nuclear tests, similarly rejected North Korean requests for help with developing

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who has visited North Korea nuclear facilities many times on behalf of the U.S., estimated that North Korea's stockpile of plutonium and highly enriched uranium was probably sufficient for 20 to 25 nuclear weapons. He assessed that North Korea had developed a miniaturized warhead suitable for

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On February 18, 2017, China announced that it was suspending all imports of coal from North Korea as part of its effort to enact United Nations Security Council sanctions aimed at stopping the country's nuclear weapons and ballistic-missile program. On March 6, 2017, North Korea launched four

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reported to Congress that North Korea's CW program "likely possesses a CW stockpile" and likely had "the capability to produce nerve, blister, blood, and choking agents." The report also found that "North Korea probably could employ CW agents by modifying a variety of conventional munitions,

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issued a statement revealing that officials from South Korea's National Intelligence Service had observed several of North Korea's nuclear and missile test sites and that they were now ready for the upcoming international inspections. Kim also stated that the now inactive North Korean

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be a copy of North Korea's Rodong 1. In 1999, intelligence sources claim that North Korea had sold missile components to Iran. Listed directors of Hap Heng include Kim Song in and Ko Myong Hun. Ko Myong Hun is now a listed diplomat in Beijing and may be involved in the work of KOMID.

6531: 2951:, but debris analysis showed that the Unha used older technology than it is believed the Hwasong-10 uses. Also known under the names Nodong-B, Taepodong-X, Musudan and BM25, predicted to have a range of 2,500–4,000 km. A DoD report puts BM25 strength at fewer than 50 launchers. 2253:

Yongbyonsi – 2 Sites – Location of Yongbyon Nuclear Research Center, and the facility's Experimental Test Explosion facility and two unidentified underground facilities. In addition, there is a gas-graphite reactor, HE test site, nuclear fuel fabrication site, nuclear waste storage

2563:. The South Korean Ministry of National Defense had the same estimate in 2010. In 2014, the South Korean Defense Ministry estimated that "the North had stockpiled 2,500 to 5,000 tons of chemical weapons and had a capacity to produce a variety of biological weapons." In 2015, the 2447:

equivalents later in August of the same year. (For uranium weapons, each weapon is assumed to contain 20 kilograms of weapons-grade uranium.) An updated estimate of nuclear arsenal in 2023 has been made with range of between 35 and 65 nuclear warheads in North Korean inventory.

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believed that North Korea "had only a defensive CW capability." It is unclear when North Korea "acquired the capability for independent CW production"; estimates range from the 1970s to early 1980s. However, by the late 1980s, North Korea's CW capabilities had expanded; the

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A fifth nuclear test occurred on September 9, 2016. This test yield is considered the highest among all five tests thus far, surpassing its previous record in 2013. The South Korean government said that the yield was about 10 kt despite other sources suggesting a

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to be used for plutonium reprocessing for weapons purposes. As late as the end of 2003, North Korea claimed that it would freeze its nuclear program in exchange for additional American concessions, but a final agreement was not reached. North Korea withdrew from the

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until 1992. In early 1993, while verifying North Korea's initial declaration, the IAEA concluded that there was strong evidence this declaration was incomplete. When North Korea refused the requested special inspection, the IAEA reported its noncompliance to the

2197:(NPT) and refused to allow IAEA inspectors access to its nuclear sites. By 1994, the United States believed that North Korea had enough reprocessed plutonium to produce about 10 bombs with the amount of plutonium increasing. Faced with diplomatic pressure after 8044: 6874: 6705: 3046:. Also called the Hwasong-13 (HS-13). Maximum range >5,500 km (3,400 miles). The US Defense Department estimates at least 6 KN-08 launchers are in deployment. A modified version, the KN-14, was unveiled at a parade marking the 70th anniversary of the 1657:. The U.S. Geological Survey calculated its origin in proximity of the site of the first nuclear test. The test, estimated at 2 to 7 kilotons, was more powerful than the previous test. The same day, a successful short-range missile test was also conducted. 10543: 2206: 1613:, and U.S. intelligence officials later announced that analysis of radioactive debris in air samples collected a few days after the test confirmed that the blast had taken place. The UN Security Council condemned the test and announced the imposition of 1158:. North Korea has officially reported it as a successful nuclear test with a lighter warhead that delivers more force than before, but has not revealed the exact yield. Multiple South Korean sources estimate the yield at 6–9 kilotons, while the German 2722:, Bulgaria and Poland). The USSR had refused to supply Scuds directly to North Korea, but North Korea, starting in the 1970s, has produced missiles based on its design: a local production basis was established, and the first modified copy was named 5238:

United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific; United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on International Terrorism and Nonproliferation (2005).

2908: – later Scud modification. Similar to the Hwasong-5, yet with an increased range (550–700 km) and a smaller warhead (600–750 kg). Apparently this is the most widely deployed North Korean missile, with at least 400 missiles in use. 1561:

with the United States, to freeze its plutonium programs and dismantle all its nuclear weapons programs in return for the normalization of diplomatic relations and several kinds of assistance, including resources for alternative energy supplies.

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power. It was previously doubted that North Korea could pair the nuclear warhead and missile together, but South Korean experts started to believe that North Korea can accomplish this goal within a few years after the September 9 nuclear test.

2515:"issued a 'Declaration for Chemicalization' whose aim was to further develop an independent chemical industry capable of supporting various sectors of its economy, as well as support chemical weapons production" and established North Korea's 6521: 2627:, which North Korea is thought to have in its stockpiles. In October 2013, South Korea and the United States "agreed to build a joint surveillance system to detect biochemical agents along the demilitarized zone" and to share information. 3585: 3339:

to freeze North Korea's nuclear weapons program while pursuing the denuclearization of the Korean peninsula. This broke down when North Korea's clandestine uranium enrichment program came to light in 2002, after which China convened the

6390: 2900: – initial Scud modification. Road-mobile, liquid-fueled missile, with an estimated range of 330 km. It has been tested successfully. It is believed that North Korea has deployed some 150–200 such missiles on mobile launchers. 2490:

In 2023, the South Korean government think tank Korea Institute for Defense Analyses published a report estimating that North Korea has between 80 and 90 nuclear warheads with up to 166 warheads by 2030 and a goal to increase to 300.

6631: 10740: 8646: 10649: 8809: 1547:. Various diplomatic means have been used by the international community to attempt to limit North Korea's nuclear program to peaceful power generation and to encourage North Korea to participate in international treaties. 6984: 3695: 2987: – a medium-range, liquid-fueled, mobile missile. First tested in May 2017. also known as KN-17 outside of Korea, South Korean experts estimate range of 5000 to 6000 km based on successful test conducted in May. 1923:

On November 28, 2017, North Korea fired an intercontinental ballistic missile in the first such launch from the country in more than two months. The missile, believed by the U.S. military to be an ICBM, was launched from

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Karl Dewey said that "It is possible that the silver sphere is a simple atomic bomb. But it is not a hydrogen bomb." Furthermore, he said "a hydrogen bomb would not only be in two parts but also be a different shape".

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corps, which numbers 3.93 million. The agency also announced the renovation of underground emergency shelters. Gas masks are effective against some chemical agents, but not against blister agents such as mustard gas,

6697: 2335:, and could have been completed and developing or operating initial gas centrifuge cascades in 2003. The facility was suspected by US intelligence for many years. The Pyongsan Uranium Mine and Concentration Plant in 1891:

On September 3, 2017, North Korea claimed to have successfully tested a thermonuclear bomb, also known as a hydrogen bomb. Corresponding seismic activity similar to an earthquake of magnitude 6.3 was reported by the

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4.9 (later revised to 5.1). In The Korean Central News Agency subsequently said that the country had detonated a miniaturized nuclear device with "greater explosive force" in an underground test. According to the

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A UN Security Council sanctions committee report stated that North Korea operates an international smuggling network for nuclear and ballistic missile technology, including to Myanmar (Burma), Syria, and Iran.

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and the UN, spoke out against the tests as destabilizing, as a danger to international security and as a breach of UN Security Council resolutions. China, one of North Korea's allies, also denounced the test.

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Later that month, after a visit to Washington by the top Chinese leader, the US State Department announced that North Korea was likely to face economic sanctions from China if it conducted any further tests.

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test under the guise of a satellite launch. China also criticized the launch, however urged "the relevant parties" to "refrain from taking actions that may further escalate tensions on the Korean peninsula".

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estimated that this reactor could have been used to produce up to 1–2 kg of plutonium, though the Joint Atomic Energy Intelligence Committee said that the amount was no more than a few hundred grams.

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Korea later "clarified" that it did not possess weapons yet, but that it had "a right" to possess them, despite the Agreed Framework. In late 2002 and early 2003, North Korea began to take steps to eject

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of South Korea distributed 1,300 gas masks to South Koreans living in the western border (a flashpoint for conflict); the agency also distributed another 610,000 gas masks to members of the South Korean

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Bermudez, Joseph S. (1999). "A History of Ballistic Missile Development in the DPRK: First Ballistic Missiles, 1979–1989". James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies. Retrieved February 14, 2008.

2959: – a short-range, solid-fueled, highly accurate mobile missile, modified copy of the Soviet OTR-21. Unknown number in service, apparently deployed either in the late 1990s or early 2000s (decade). 3589: 10970: 3349: 3302: 2687:

The identified stockpile is between 2,500 and 5,000 metric tons of chemical weapons. It is one of the world's largest possessors of chemical weapons, ranking third after the United States and Russia.

2650:. A number of other experts agreed that "the photos most likely show an operational biological weapons facility." The North Korean government denied the allegations; an official spokesperson for the 3162:

North Korean entities continued to provide assistance to Pakistan's ballistic missile program during the first half of 1999 in return for nuclear weapons technology. Such assistance was critical to

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In the first 4 weeks of 2022, North Korea conducted 7 missile tests. Missiles tested included a hypersonic glide vehicle, an intermediate range ballistic missile (IRBM) and various cruise missiles.

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2. Chagangdo Province – one site: Kanggyesi – Production center of North Korea's advanced equipment and munitions since 1956. Also, extensive intelligence of highly advanced underground facility.

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missile programs pose a "serious and imminent threat" to its security after recent meetings between Donald Trump and the North's leader, Kim Jong Un, failed to make progress on denuclearisation.

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in 1963, which became operational in 1965 and was upgraded to 8 MW in 1974. In 1979, North Korea began to build a second research reactor in Yongbyon, as well as an ore processing plant and a

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North Korea possesses various types of chemical weapons, including nerve, blister, blood, and vomiting agents, as well as some biological weapons, including anthrax, smallpox, and cholera.

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On April 25, 2009, the North Korean government announced the country's nuclear facilities had been reactivated, and that spent fuel reprocessing for arms-grade plutonium had been restored.

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Pyongsan is believed to be where North Korea turns ore into yellowcake, an intermediate step in the processing of uranium after it has been mined but before fuel fabrication or enrichment.

6352: 2916: – larger and more advanced Scud modification. Liquid-fueled, road-mobile missile with a 650 kg warhead. First production variants had inertial guidance, later variants featured 1092:

On March 17, 2007, North Korea told delegates at international nuclear talks that it was preparing to shut down its main nuclear facility. The agreement was reached following a series of

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that they "cautiously estimate that North Korea may have produced enough fissile material to build between 30 and 60 nuclear weapons and that it might possibly have assembled 10 to 20."

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In June 2020, the institute's annual report stated that through January 2020 North Korea had added 10 nuclear weapons to the previous year's estimated stockpile of 20 to 30 weapons.

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In 2003, North Korea again announced its withdrawal from the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. In 2005, it admitted to having nuclear weapons but vowed to close the nuclear program.

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Military and Security Developments Involving the Democratic People's Republic of Korea: A Report to Congress Pursuant to the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012

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In January 2004, the Nigerian government announced that North Korea had agreed to sell its missile technology, but a month later Nigeria rejected the agreement under U.S. pressure.

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estimates the yield at 40 kilotons. However, the German estimate has since been revised to a yield equivalent of 14 kt when they published their estimations in January 2016.

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that North Korea has achieved a level of miniatuarization of nuclear warheads needed to mount them on short range and intercontinental ballistic missiles. CRS assessed that the

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North Korea's ability to deliver weapons of mass destruction to a hypothetical target is somewhat limited by its missile technology. In 2005, North Korea's total range with its

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On February 12, monitors in Asia picked up unusual seismic activity at a North Korean facility at 11:57 (02:57 GMT), later determined to be an artificial quake with an initial

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to negotiate a step-by-step process to denuclearization. The six-party talks stalled after multiple North Korean nuclear and missile tests, leading to increased international

1177:. This claim has not been verified. A "hydrogen bomb" could refer to several stages of fusion development, ranging from boosted fission devices to true thermonuclear weapons. 6158: 4873: 4722: 2406:

which concluded that North Korea had successfully produced a miniaturized nuclear warhead that can fit in missiles and could have up to 60 nuclear warheads in its inventory.

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centrifuges, increase in HEU production would be substantial according to Jeffrey Lewis, weapons expert and professor at Middlebury Institute of International Studies.

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airfield, near Kusong, in a lofted trajectory it claims lasted 39 minutes for 930 km (578 mi), landing in the waters of the Japanese exclusive economic zone.

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implementation; as a result, the light water reactors were never finished. In late 2002, after fuel aid was suspended, North Korea returned to using its old reactors.

9705: 8357: 3611: 10667: 9686: 8253: 6286: 5323:"SECURITY COUNCIL CONDEMNS NUCLEAR TEST BY DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF KOREA, UNANIMOUSLY ADOPTING RESOLUTION 1718 (2006) – Meetings Coverage and Press Releases" 8123: 3845:"U.S. Deployment of Nuclear Weapons in 1950s South Korea & North Korea's Nuclear Development: Toward Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula (English version)" 1181:

explosion. "What we're speculating is they tried to do a boosted nuclear device, which is an atomic bomb that has a little bit of hydrogen, an isotope in it called

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Taechongun – 200MWe Nuclear Energy Plant construction site. Location of unidentified underground facility and nuclear arms/energy related facilities known to exist

1875:, in a confidential assessment, stated that North Korea has sufficiently miniaturized a nuclear warhead to fit inside one of its long-range missiles. On August 12 10125: 7870: 4251: 4233: 2863:. An August 2016 North Korean missile test of a Rodong missile that flew 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) landed about 250 kilometres (160 mi) west of Japan's 13892: 13887: 6754: 4597: 2239:

Kiljugun – Extensive military buildup with motorized troop formations and construction of new advanced underground facility – Site of May 25, 2009, Nuclear Test.

1159: 436: 10684: 7623: 6050: 4822: 3141: 6799: 6457: 6090: 4431: 6606: 5045: 4553: 9212: 5941: 479: 7966: 5180: 13857: 13398: 8458: 7235: 5351: 4960: 4652: 2257:

Kusungsi – Between 1997 and September 2002, approximately 70 test explosions of North Korean munitions took place. Also, existence of underground facility

14006: 13755: 12355: 2579:(BWC). Although the nation has signed the BWC, it "has failed to provide a BWC Confidence-Building Measure declaration since 1990." North Korea is not a 1697: 1507: 1031:

and the completion of a nuclear weapon development system, North Korea began to operate facilities for uranium fabrication and conversion, and conducted

9152: 6245: 6035: 5854: 4994: 4698: 8974: 6653: 6432: 5814: 5587: 2610: 2580: 977: 636: 6016: 4762: 13805: 10565: 10401: 9958: 6728: 9604: 8749: 8602: 7268: 7184: 3987: 2737:

missiles was estimated as 900 km with a 1,000 kg payload. That is enough to reach South Korea, and parts of Japan, Russia, and China. The

10950: 10342: 9892: 9719: 7693: 6962: 6925: 6366: 6333: 6300: 5701:

Kim, Won-Young; Richards, Paul G.; Schaff, David P.; Koch, Karl (December 20, 2016). "Evaluation of a Seismic Event, 12 May 2010, in North Korea".

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of the United States held a series of summits with Kim Jong Un which led to declarations in favor of the denuclearization of the Korean peninsula.

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yield. The same German source which has made estimation of all North Korea's previous nuclear tests suggested an estimation of a 25 kiloton yield.

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Several countries have bought North Korean ballistic missiles or have received assistance from North Korea to establish local missile production.

2012:

tactical nuclear bomb with at least 10 warheads shown with an estimated diameter from 40 to 50 centimeters as reported by the South Korean media.

1836:

On April 16, 2017, hours after the military parade in Pyongyang, North Korea attempted to launch a ballistic missile from a site near the port of

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region towards the Sea of Japan. The launch was condemned by the United Nations as well as South Korea. The move prompted US Secretary of State

11106: 11059: 10978: 7486: 4938: 887: 380: 181: 9467: 9078: 9007: 4493: 4053: 4030: 2730:, capable of reaching Japan. In the 1990s, North Korea sold medium-sized nuclear capable missiles to Pakistan in a deal facilitated by China. 1515: 12365: 9782: 7428: 7130: 3732: 2882:(SLBM), possibly as the development was lowered in priority given the good progress with substantially more survivable land-mobile missiles. 1826:

retaliation towards North Korea. President Trump commented on North Korea by saying they will fight the war on terrorism no matter the cost.

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IHS Jane's puts the estimated range at anywhere between 2,500 and 4,000 kilometres … potential payload size has been put at 1.0–1.25 tonnes.

8090: 13607: 13434: 13388: 10955: 10901: 10808: 10778: 10643: 10600: 9738: 9263: 8940: 7402: 6315: 4845: 3450: 1279: 1089:, and some radioactive output was detected. On January 6, 2007, the North Korean government further confirmed that it had nuclear weapons. 997: 981: 892: 828: 703: 432: 340: 335: 10672: 3240:

Yemen is known to have bought Scud missiles from North Korea in the 1990s—a total of 15 missiles, conventional warheads and fuel oxidizer.

12481: 12360: 12247: 11054: 10833: 10427: 10182: 9816: 9051: 8791: 8627: 8541: 8393: 6830: 4739: 4571: 3487: 2100: 2089: 1544: 1139: 1123:, resulting in an explosion estimated to be between 2 and 7 kilotons. The 2009 test, like the 2006 test, is believed to have occurred at 1013: 360: 345: 305: 290: 9547: 7774: 13142: 9634: 9449: 8929: 8832: 8684: 8171: 7839: 7529: 7294: 4416: 4083: 3952: 2855:, and in 2016. North Korea performed no tests of medium-range missiles sufficiently powerful to reach Japan in 2015, but South Korea's 2646:. Hanham noted that pesticide production factories are "an old and well-used cover for a biological weapons program" and an example of 2528: 2434:

In February 2019, Hecker estimated that North Korea's stockpile of weapons-grade material was sufficient for 35 to 37 nuclear weapons.

713: 390: 8476: 8429: 8235: 6545: 5429: 5403: 4792: 4167: 2522:

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, North Korea received Soviet and Chinese aid in developing its chemical industry. In 1979, the U.S.

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On March 9, 2016, North Korea released a video of Kim Jong Un visiting a missile factory. The international community was skeptical,

744: 472: 205: 200: 10204: 8726: 6405: 5156: 5111:"North Korea's Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Site: Analysis Reveals Its Potential for Additional Testing with Significantly Higher Yields" 5071: 14001: 13733: 12474: 11788: 10929: 10891: 10691: 9235: 6155: 5770: 4630: 4003: 2431:(ICBM) and re-entry into the atmosphere. He considered the warhead as the least developed part of North Korea's plans for an ICBM. 1996: 1788: 1494: 853: 821: 687: 315: 300: 215: 7653: 2052: 13996: 13867: 13800: 13748: 13660: 13137: 13069: 12379: 12343: 12227: 12194: 11097: 10771: 9515: 8334: 7806: 6223: 4325: 3898: 3460: 2840: 2700: 2427:

medium-range missiles, but would need further tests and development to produce a smaller and more robust warhead suitable for an

1920:. Japan and South Korea welcomed the move as a method of increasing pressure on North Korea to negotiate about denuclearization. 1108:

and consequently North Korea began to receive aid. This agreement fell apart in 2009, following a North Korean satellite launch.

375: 320: 285: 240: 195: 190: 10654: 7309: 5788: 3920: 2804:

to be 35 meters based on satellite imagery and the distance between impact craters from missile tests, and 80–90 meters for the

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As of 2016, North Korea is known to have approximately 300 Rodong missiles whose maximum range is 1,300 km (800 mi).

2189:. On April 25, 2009, North Korean news agency KCNA, reported the resumption of reprocessing of spent fuel to recover plutonium. 1738: 1486: 1243:

In 2017, North Korea test-launched two ICBMs, the second of which had sufficient range to reach the continental United States.

1170: 848: 657: 647: 370: 355: 325: 310: 280: 260: 235: 220: 210: 9577: 9483:"The Pukguksong-2: A Higher Degree of Mobility, Survivability and Responsiveness | 38 North: Informed Analysis of North Korea" 9381: 6781: 5900: 13671: 13552: 12673: 12464: 12422: 12311: 12296: 12242: 9177: 8720: 8670:

North Korean Security Challenges: A Net Assessment (London: The International Institute for Strategic Studies, 2011), p. 161.

8493: 7577: 7471: 7450: 5666:

Zhang, M.; Wen, L. (November 19, 2014). "Seismological Evidence for a Low-Yield Nuclear Test on 12 May 2010 in North Korea".

4384: 3873: 3567: 2967: – a long-range, solid-fueled, SLBM. Also called the KN-11 by the Defense Department. Possibly derived from the Chinese 1957:

estimated, in June 2020, that North Korea has likely built "eight or more additional nuclear weapons" since the 2018 summit.

1906: 673: 662: 652: 365: 275: 270: 245: 230: 225: 10084: 10032: 7601: 6860: 2859:

news agency believes that at least one missile fired during North Korea's March 2016 missile tests is likely a medium-range

13785: 12469: 11296: 11205: 9701: 8518: 6499: 6191: 5308: 3373: 3124:

Iran was one of the first countries to buy North Korean missiles. Iran has established local production for the Hwasong-5 (

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have responded to North Korea's ongoing missile and nuclear development with a variety of sanctions; on March 2, 2016, the

577: 465: 453: 255: 250: 9682: 9492: 6276: 768: 13526: 12306: 11994: 10681:

Contains primary source documents related to the DPRK's efforts to obtain nuclear technology dating back to the mid-1960s

10058: 8113: 7016: 5456: 4922: 4896: 3545: 1984: 626: 78: 10454: 9332: 7862: 7157: 4247: 4225: 2071:

In April 2024, North Korea claims to have tested a new command and control system in a simulated nuclear counterattack.

1851:, in North Korean territory. It blew up shortly after take-off at an altitude of approximately 70 km (44 mi). 13741: 13383: 13094: 12620: 12615: 12544: 11750: 11248: 10853: 10757: 10678: 10628: 10121: 8785: 3455: 2704: 2677: 2428: 2317: 2198: 2025: 1633: 1571: 1551: 1213: 1112: 1101: 1040: 933: 786: 10748: 6746: 5348: 4593: 3106:

and Hwasong-6, and may have provided guidance systems or information on longer-range missiles to North Korea from the

1683: 13882: 13795: 13602: 13286: 12658: 12630: 12554: 10707: 8221: 7631: 7596: 6447: 6080: 6058: 5251: 4814: 4125: 3882: 3781: 3470: 2789: 2456: 2385: 2381: 1913: 1436: 329: 10321: 8878: 6809: 13577: 13521: 13516: 13469: 13454: 13439: 12740: 12417: 12291: 12090: 12086: 11740: 11715: 10843: 10818: 10405: 6616: 5931: 3445: 2194: 1762:, with what North Korea claims is a miniaturized silver spherical nuclear bomb, at a missile factory in early 2016. 1700:, the estimated yield was 7.7–7.8 kilotons. Other researchers estimate the yield to have been 12.2 ± 3.8 kilotons. 1580: 1064: 877: 872: 119: 10734: 9204: 7717: 7117: 7093: 2920:

guidance, which improves CEP accuracy to 190–250 m. Range is estimated to be between 1,300 and 1,600 km.

1111:

In April 2009, reports surfaced that North Korea has become a "fully fledged nuclear power", an opinion shared by

13836: 13393: 13147: 12663: 12486: 12131: 11942: 11783: 11778: 11773: 11768: 10886: 10881: 10876: 10871: 5187: 3440: 3353: 2852: 2848: 1233: 1166: 816: 811: 806: 801: 265: 3315: 1883:, in a confidential assessment from early August, has concluded that the reentry vehicle in the July 28 test of 13582: 13536: 13474: 13341: 12449: 11763: 11758: 11177: 10934: 10919: 10914: 10909: 10866: 10861: 7493:

by David Albright and Paul Brannan, Institute for Science and International Security (ISIS), February 20, 2007.

7065: 4956: 3435: 2812: 2423: 2028:

in a test fire which according to South Korea and Japan would be capable of hitting any target within the USA.

1807: 1803: 1678: 1654: 1645: 1598: 1592: 1502: 1478: 1470: 1462: 1244: 1155: 1120: 1078: 858: 843: 838: 833: 796: 791: 57: 47: 9142: 6578: 13907: 13617: 13260: 12745: 12501: 12437: 12237: 12204: 12199: 11114: 10838: 9025: 7209: 6645: 6031: 5844: 4986: 4688: 4674: 3345: 3298: 2774:

said "North Korea is building new missiles, new capabilities, new weapons as fast as anybody on the planet."

2576: 1859: 1237: 1082: 985: 737: 555: 406: 10265: 9683:"N. Korea likely to have operational ICBM capable of striking U.S. West Coast next year or two: U.S. expert" 7543: 6428: 4107: 3763: 13592: 13484: 12917: 12826: 12396: 11670: 11064: 10960: 10813: 5877:"Miao Zhang and Lianxing Wen (2013) "High-precision location and yield of North Korea's 2013 nuclear test"" 5744: 3625: 3465: 3378: 1743:

On January 7, after reports of a magnitude 5.1 earthquake originating in northeast North Korea at 10:00:01

1606: 1256: 1196:

On February 7, 2016, roughly a month after the alleged hydrogen bomb test, North Korea claimed to have put

1028: 897: 19: 10569: 7360: 6720: 1972:

reporting that military analysts believe it is one of the world's largest road-mobile ballistic missiles.

13874: 13652: 13531: 13296: 13062: 12730: 12725: 12688: 12683: 12597: 12444: 12412: 12323: 12286: 12066: 11090: 10109: 5212: 4545: 3979: 3226:

Vietnam reportedly ordered Hwasong-5/6 missiles in 1998–99, but it is unclear if this deal was fulfilled.

2816: 2749: 2726:. With time, more advanced types of missiles were developed. Eventually North Korea equipped itself with 2651: 2584: 2523: 2403: 2287:, supplied key data, stored on CDs, on uranium enrichment and information to North Korea in exchange for 1917: 1899: 1880: 1872: 718: 416: 9307: 8930:

NORTH KOREAN SHORT RANGE SYSTEMS: Military consequences of the development of the KN-23, KN-24 and KN-25

7683: 2792:

released a report analyzing the North Korean nuclear arsenal and ballistic missiles. It estimated the

2662:

to inspect the Institute and "behold the awe-inspiring sight of the Pyongyang Bio-technical Institute."

1295: 13597: 13429: 13371: 12907: 12577: 12350: 12232: 12151: 11902: 11829: 10006: 9863:"US Intelligence: North Korea's ICBM Reentry Vehicles Are Likely Good Enough to Hit the Continental US" 6908:"US Intelligence: North Korea's ICBM Reentry Vehicles Are Likely Good Enough to Hit the Continental US" 5373: 5213:"Analyses – Examining The Lessons Of The 1994 U.s.-North Korea Deal – Kim's Nuclear Gamble – FRONTLINE" 5129: 4497: 3107: 3047: 2655: 2564: 2544: 1965: 1528: 1288: 1060: 678: 523: 134: 10288: 9109: 4359: 2276:

North Korea possesses uranium mines containing an estimated 4 million tons of high-grade uranium ore.

13923: 13826: 13464: 13413: 13306: 13023: 12967: 12427: 12301: 12045: 11897: 11892: 11516: 8450: 8436: 8197:"North Korea's Nuclear Capabilities: A Fresh Look | Institute for Science and International Security" 3749: 3417: 3209: 2602: 2587:(CWC). It is one of four countries that have not ratified the CWC (the others are Israel, Egypt, and 2547:

reported that the consensus expert view was that North Korea had a stockpile of about 2,500 to 5,000

2182: 2113: 1636:

inspectors were forbidden by the North Korean government to conduct further inspections of the site.

968:

for six to seven nuclear weapons per year. North Korea has also stockpiled a significant quantity of

13763: 9289: 7483: 5640: 4935: 3148:. This nuclear-capable missile is currently under development and failed its two known flight tests. 13684: 13408: 13028: 12985: 12935: 12869: 12678: 12668: 12640: 12564: 12491: 12459: 12432: 12338: 12219: 12186: 12141: 11963: 11702: 11546: 10513: 9463: 4057: 4020: 3715: 2745:

with range capabilities of up to 2,490 km (1,550 mi), and could carry a nuclear warhead.

2296: 1105: 1049: 1036: 730: 543: 10668:

Annotated bibliography for the North Korean nuclear weapons program from the Alsos Digital Library

9905: 9774: 8082: 5876: 3728: 3711: 3653: 3267:

had been known to receive technological assistance, blueprints and missile parts from North Korea.

2327:

Construction of the probable first uranium enrichment facility started in 2002 at a site known as

1912:

On November 20, 2017, U.S. President Donald Trump announced that North Korea was re-listed by the

1212:

was for peaceful, scientific purposes, it has been heavily criticized as an attempt to perform an

13790: 13771: 13612: 13018: 12990: 12940: 12454: 12333: 12328: 12156: 11970: 9752: 2979:– a long-range, land based development of the solid fueled Pukguksong-1. Also known as the KN-15. 2868: 2793: 2575:, which prohibits the use of chemical weapons in warfare. North Korea is also a signatory to the 2328: 1954: 1632:

disarmament process, Pyongyang agreed to shut down its main nuclear reactor. On October 8, 2008,

1610: 1205: 950: 882: 572: 538: 11357: 9734: 7429:"North Korea claims it tested new command-and-control system in simulated nuclear counterstrike" 2642:

of use in pesticides. Hanham's analysis concluded that the factory actually produces weaponized

2531:

reported in 1987 that the North "possessed up to 250 metric tons of chemical weapons" including

13945: 13841: 13810: 13712: 13647: 13567: 13114: 13055: 12995: 12977: 12945: 12927: 12635: 12607: 12559: 12536: 12496: 12316: 12209: 12171: 12146: 12081: 12077: 11599: 11425: 11228: 11083: 6875:"North Korea now making missile-ready nuclear weapons, U.S. analysts say – The Washington Post" 4735: 4567: 4501: 3515:

Maximum range is always disputed, since North Korea rarely tests its missiles at maximum range.

3506:

Yield is always disputed, since North Korea does not announce the exact amount after its tests.

3145: 2639: 1692: 1625:

On January 6, 2007, the North Korean government further confirmed that it had nuclear weapons.

1147: 953: 926: 10763: 10431: 10174: 8775: 7942:"Satellite images reveal North Korea expanding facility used to produce weapons-grade uranium" 5484: 13936: 13897: 13722: 13642: 13479: 12625: 12592: 12549: 11822: 10715:

Normalizing Japan: Supporter, Nuisance, or Wielder of Power in the North Korean Nuclear Talks

7829: 7766: 7374: 4523: 2768: 2304: 1268: 1197: 1027:

North Korea's nuclear weapons program dates back to the 1980s. Focusing on practical uses of

612: 597: 533: 411: 10601:"North Korea is reportedly preparing nuclear and missile sites for international inspectors" 8879:"No. 2 US general says North Korea building new missiles 'as fast as anybody on the planet'" 5503: 4079: 13459: 13316: 13265: 13089: 13000: 12950: 12735: 12010: 9359: 8472: 8426: 8381: 8288: 8004: 6550: 5499: 5046:"Analysis: Kim Jong Un's 'decapitation' fears shine through in new North Korea nuclear law" 4194: 3430: 2638:

visiting the Pyongyang Bio-technical Institute, a factory supposedly for the production of

2236:

Chungjinsi – Nuclear fuel storage site, military base and unidentified underground facility

2162: 1903: 1174: 560: 548: 172: 10637: 8712: 7734: 7464:

Plutonium and Highly Enriched Uranium, 1996: World Inventories, Capabilities, and Policies

6472:"North Korea shows off new missiles in display of military might vows to strike foes down" 4275: 3586:"The nuclear explosion in North Korea on 3 September 2017: A revised magnitude assessment" 2752:'s analyst Hideshi Takesada argued that North Korea's desire of unification is similar to 2205:

against the reactor, North Korea agreed to dismantle its plutonium program as part of the

8: 13694: 12887: 12864: 12831: 12582: 10212: 9984: 8681:"Kim Jong-un shows off 250 new missile launchers ahead of US-South Korea military drills" 6879: 6526: 6385: 5267: 5163: 4300: 3811: 2871:, prompting Japan to condemn the "unforgivable act of violence toward Japan's security". 2647: 2419: 2365: 2210: 1811: 1045: 902: 602: 11324: 11319: 11314: 10148: 8292: 8008: 5774: 4620: 4000: 1138:

In February 2012, North Korea announced that it would suspend uranium enrichment at the

13689: 13665: 13622: 13240: 13235: 13161: 12955: 12892: 12161: 12113: 11935: 11488: 11463: 11453: 11448: 10356: 10293: 9886: 9838:"What is True and Not True About North Korea's Hwasong-14 ICBM: A Technical Evaluation" 9520: 9147: 8979: 8118: 7834: 7724:

History section paragraph 1. Federation of American Scientists. Accessed April 5, 2013.

7070: 6956: 6804: 6772:"What is True and Not True About North Korea's Hwasong-14 ICBM: A Technical Evaluation" 6611: 6583: 6294: 6281: 6213: 6167: 6085: 5936: 5568: 5523: 4466: 4131: 3787: 3403: 2827:

MRBM, which can target all of Japan, can carry both conventional and nuclear warheads.

2377: 2174: 1829:

On April 15, 2017, at the yearly major public holiday also known in the country as the

8145: 7796: 5485:"Radionuclide Evidence for Low-Yield Nuclear Testing in North Korea in April/May 2010" 4315: 3626:"Sipri Yearbook 2020 : Armaments, Disarmament and International Security Summary" 13678: 13627: 13311: 13152: 12902: 12846: 12841: 12057: 11382: 10336: 9713: 9443: 8781: 8716: 8306: 7573: 7523: 7467: 7446: 7243: 6977:"North Korea's latest nuclear test was so powerful it reshaped the mountain above it" 6919: 6646:"North Korea missile 'greatly exceeded' altitude of 2,500 km: Japan Defense Ministry" 6360: 6327: 5726: 5718: 5683: 5572: 5560: 5527: 5515: 5433: 5407: 5247: 4668: 4410: 4171: 4135: 4121: 3946: 3927: 3878: 3816: 3791: 3777: 2727: 2606: 2594:

North Korea has refused to acknowledge possessing chemical weapons, as called for by

2500: 2284: 1755: 1190: 1186: 1116: 973: 919: 607: 592: 587: 582: 518: 10488: 10377: 9837: 8647:"Securing North Korean nuclear sites would require a ground invasion, Pentagon says" 5125:"To React to Nuclear Weapons in Kind Is DPRK's Mode of Counteraction: Rodong Sinmun" 18:"Nuclear program of North Korea" redirects here. For its nuclear power program, see 13831: 13326: 13321: 12836: 12798: 12645: 12569: 12166: 11987: 11874: 11735: 11730: 11698: 10823: 10664:

Information on the North Korean nuclear program including links to source documents

8323: 8296: 8012: 7443:

Gorbachev's Foreign Policy Toward the Korean Peninsula, 1985–1991: Power and Reform

6771: 6381:"North Korea shows off new missiles in huge military parade, but doesn't test nuke" 5710: 5675: 5550: 5507: 5016: 4625: 4113: 3824: 3769: 3745: 3336: 3306: 3212:

were not satisfied with the quality of the missiles, and they were kept in storage.

2221: 2186: 2156: 2129: 2007: 1855: 1848: 1818: 1566: 1558: 1097: 1056: 1017: 965: 157: 11814: 10729: 9918: 9354: 8301: 8276: 8017: 7992: 7919: 7894:"Exclusive: Revealing Kangson, North Korea's First Covert Uranium Enrichment Site" 7388: 5613: 5322: 4391: 3807:"These 5 things help make sense of North Korea's nuclear tests and missile launch" 13587: 13331: 13230: 13225: 13220: 12912: 12816: 12762: 12176: 11660: 11655: 11443: 10828: 10752: 10718: 10661: 10088: 10036: 9823: 9026:"Japanese report to say North Korea has miniaturized nuclear warheads: newspaper" 8958: 8953: 8522: 8500: 8433: 8341: 7721: 7490: 6850: 6837: 6522:"N. Korea didn't test a nuclear weapon, but it did try to launch another missile" 6489: 6349:"North Korea's 2017 Military Parade Was a Big Deal. Here Are the Major Takeaways" 6181: 6162: 5849: 5511: 5298: 5240: 5110: 4942: 4693: 4282: 4148: 4025: 4007: 3425: 3341: 3310: 3264: 2777:

On October 18, 2021, North Korea launched a ballistic missile that landed in the

2572: 2504: 2398: 2332: 2096: 1629: 1540: 1093: 969: 957: 528: 162: 11372: 10673:

The February 13 Action Plan and the Prospects for the North Korean Nuclear Issue

9933:"North Korea's Kim brings daughter to oversee test of suspected Hwasong-17 ICBM" 8515: 5745:"North Korean seismic event of May 2010 likely was earthquake, not nuclear test" 2264:

4. Pyongan Namdo (South Pyongan) Province – one site: Pyongsungsi – Location of

1665:

In May 2010, the North Korean government claimed to have successfully performed

14011: 13250: 13187: 13177: 12821: 11526: 11511: 11506: 11501: 11496: 11334: 10675: – analysis by Narushige Michishita, IFRI Proliferation Papers n° 17, 2007 9482: 9464:"Experts Suspect Chinese Assistance in N. Korean Submarine Missile Development" 8903: 7334: 7006: 6404:

Tokyo, Tom Phillips Justin McCurry in; Graham-Harrison, Emma (April 15, 2017).

5986: 4918: 4886: 4763:"North Korea claims successful hydrogen bomb test in 'self-defence against US'" 3844: 3535: 3016: 2673: 2624: 2532: 2410:

use in nuclear weapons, including four-to-six two-stage thermonuclear weapons.

2280: 2084: 1847:

On April 28, 2017, North Korea launched an unidentified ballistic missile over

1830: 1666: 1597:

On October 9, 2006, North Korea demonstrated its nuclear capabilities with its

1229: 1032: 961: 617: 565: 495: 350: 167: 10714: 10702: 10062: 8904:"North Korea fires suspected submarine-launched missile into waters off Japan" 6851:"Video Casts Doubt on North Korea's Ability to Field an ICBM Re-entry Vehicle" 4117: 3773: 13990: 13562: 13510: 13444: 13346: 13182: 13078: 12040: 11923: 11574: 11564: 11536: 11531: 11521: 11167: 8310: 7247: 7236:"North Korea now able to miniaturise nuclear warheads – Japan defence report" 6546:"Tillerson: China threatens sanctions if North Korea continues nuclear tests" 5722: 5687: 5564: 5555: 5542: 5519: 5355: 5072:"North Korea declares itself a nuclear weapons state, in 'irreversible' move" 5069: 3820: 2924: 2864: 2835: 2782: 2771: 2753: 2659: 2615: 2536: 2368:

estimated that North Korea had as many as 35 nuclear weapons in its arsenal.

1822: 1767: 1713: 10640:– Key facts (based on South Korean defense ministry data); AFP, June 1, 2005 8494:

In Kim Jong-nam's Death, North Korea Lets Loose a Weapon of Mass Destruction

4594:"North Korea appears to conduct 3rd nuclear test, officials and experts say" 3186:

from North Korea. North Korea may have assisted Syria in development of the

2463:

likely being single-stage fission weapons with yields of 10 to 20 kilotons.

2288: 1208: 1077:

On October 9, 2006, North Korea announced it had successfully conducted its

13557: 13245: 12897: 12859: 12019: 11999: 11931: 11607: 11589: 11579: 11309: 11304: 11195: 10745: 9959:"North Korea test-fires ballistic missile with range to strike US mainland" 8833:"Remarkable achievements: North Korean missile programs are far from bluff" 8542:"Did North Korea Really Publish Pictures of a Biological Weapons Facility?" 6246:"Analysis: Afghanistan strike may boost Trump, send message to North Korea" 5461: 4936:

North Korea conducts fifth and largest nuclear test – South Korea and Japan

3361: 3320: 3137: 3102:

Egypt has received technologies and assistance for manufacture of both the

2975: 2963: 2824: 2778: 2669: 2320:

and announced a unilateral "withdrawal" from the Non-Proliferation Treaty.

2300: 1929: 1520: 1252: 1128: 1021: 1005: 11075: 10724: 10629:"North Korea's Nuclear Weapon Development: Implications for Future Policy" 9605:"North Korea claims successful test of intercontinental ballistic missile" 7920:"North Korea's Uranium Mining and Milling Operations Continue at Pyongsan" 6698:"Experts: North Korea's missile was a 'real ICBM' — and a grave milestone" 6316:"Test or No Test, the List of Options in North Korea Is Quickly Narrowing" 3828: 3303:

List of United Nations Security Council resolutions concerning North Korea

2947:. Originally believed to have been tested as the first or second stage of 2760:

said that the missile program had demonstrated "remarkable achievements".

2209:

in which South Korea and the United States would provide North Korea with

1840:, on the country's east coast. The missile exploded seconds after launch. 13504: 13255: 13192: 13008: 12779: 11927: 11859: 11854: 11800: 11637: 11584: 11569: 11559: 11473: 11415: 11367: 11286: 11238: 11233: 11147: 11127: 10692:"The Evolution of the North Korean Nuclear Crisis: Implications for Iran" 8114:"As North Korea Speeds Its Nuclear Program, U.S. Fears Time Will Run Out" 8037:"North Korea now making missile-ready nuclear weapons, U.S. analysts say" 7688:[Minimum of eight nuclear test in North Korea can be estimated]. 6406:"North Korea parades military might and warns US amid nuclear test fears" 6134:"North Korea nuclear test: Japan confirms huge quake caused by explosion" 6104: 4298:"Usher in a great heyday of Songun Korea full of confidence in victory". 4153: 3357: 3328: 3324: 3183: 2955: 2714:

In the late 1970s or early 1980s, the DPRK received several longer range

2672:, the estranged elder half-brother of Kim Jong Un, was assassinated with 2635: 2588: 2560: 2552: 2540: 2512: 2340: 2193:

On March 12, 1993, North Korea said that it planned to withdraw from the

2021: 1759: 1721: 1717: 1709: 946: 10623:

Federation of American Scientists guide to North Korean chemical weapons

9264:"Foxconn to invest $ 138 million for new business headquarters in China" 8941:

Report to Congress on North Korea’s Nuclear Weapons and Missile Programs

7714: 7307: 5965:"North Korea hydrogen bomb test: Experts cast doubt on country's claims" 5679: 2928:

is also known as Scud-ER in rest of the world is further development of

2040: 1909:

type bomb to weigh between 255 and 360 kilograms (562 and 794 lb).

13301: 13291: 12879: 12587: 12070: 11955: 11612: 11458: 11276: 11271: 11266: 11261: 11256: 11223: 11218: 11190: 10287:

Broad, William J.; Glanz, James; Sanger, David E. (November 28, 2010).

6448:"North Korea's hidden submarine threat as regime warns 'ready' for war" 5714: 3023: 3003: 2991: 2983: 2936: 2738: 2718:-B missiles from Egypt (which in turn received those missiles from the 2548: 2508: 2344: 2202: 2181:

process. Based on extended Eurochemic reprocessing plant design at the

1884: 1750: 1744: 1601:, detonating a plutonium-based device with an estimated yield of 0.2–1 1132: 112: 10622: 10110:

http://www.free-lebanon.com/lfpNews/2009/June/June3/June3d/June3d.html

9110:"Defiant North Korea fires ballistic missile into sea, Japan protests" 9052:"Japanese newspaper say North Korea has miniaturized nuclear warheads" 8172:"North Korea's Estimated Stocks of Plutonium and Weapon-Grade Uranium" 7295:"North Korea unveils massive new ballistic missile in military parade" 5730: 12757: 11554: 11478: 11213: 11185: 11142: 11137: 11132: 9236:"Hey, Boomer: What Happened to North Korea's Ballistic Missile Subs?" 9178:"Japan: North Korea missile launch an "unforgivable act of violence"" 8603:"North Korea's Chemical Weapons, Biological Weapons, And Nanoweapons" 4353: 3163: 3103: 2929: 2904: 2896: 2757: 2723: 2170: 2104: 1533: 1124: 9516:"North Korea Fires Ballistic Missile a Day Before U.S.-China Summit" 8358:"North Korea could have 40 nuclear weapons, Swedish think tank says" 8080: 7094:"North Korea denounces US terror listing as a 'serious provocation'" 6941:"North Korea detonates its sixth and most powerful nuclear test yet" 5268:"Confronting Ambiguity: How to Handle North Korea's Nuclear Program" 4193:

Traynor, Ian; Watts, Jonathan; Borger, Julian (September 20, 2005).

3612:"North Korea could have 40 nuclear weapons, Swedish think tank says" 3015:– 700 km range, Successfully tested on May 4, 2019. Similar to 2764:

similar to Iskander and demonstrating depressed trajectory as such.

2634:

released an analysis of a photograph of North Korean supreme leader

1720:

used in previous tests. The remark was met with skepticism from the

13632: 13572: 13449: 13281: 13197: 13172: 13104: 11975: 11918: 11468: 11438: 11400: 11352: 11122: 10382: 9842: 9487: 9240: 8908: 8859: 8607: 8572:"Kim Jong-un invites entire US government to visit pesticide plant" 7923: 7801: 7739: 7338: 7011: 6855: 6776: 6494: 6218: 6186: 5932:"Kim Jong-Un's Claim of North Korea Hydrogen Bomb Draws Skepticism" 5618: 5614:"The Great 2010 DPRK Nuclear Test Debate: Summarizing the Evidence" 5303: 5070:

Yoonjung Seo, Larry Register and Heather Chen (September 9, 2022).

5021: 4891: 4320: 3897:. International Atomic Energy Agency. July 30, 1996. Archived from 3540: 3133: 3129: 3125: 2941: 2932:

with range of (1000–1000+ km) and is capable of hitting Japan.

2912: 2860: 2734: 2681: 2620: 2511:. However, substantial progress was not made until the 1960s, when 2437: 2364:

In June 2020, the Research Center for Nuclear Weapons Abolition at

2336: 2214: 1983:

On September 9, 2022, North Korea passed a law to declare itself a

1928:

and flew roughly 1,000 km (620 mi) before landing in the

1602: 1575: 9908:, David Wright, All Things Nuclear, Union of Concerned Scientists. 7767:"ABC News: ABC Exclusive: Pakistani Bomb Scientist Breaks Silence" 7066:"Trump Returns North Korea to List of State Sponsors of Terrorism" 7042: 6275:

Davis, William J. Broad, Kenan; Patel, Jugal K. (April 12, 2017).

4568:

February 12, 2013 02:57:51 (mb 5.1) North Korea 41.3 129.1 (4cc01)

3191: 3187: 3054: 2402:

reported recent analysis completed the previous month by the U.S.

1565:

By 2002, the United States believed North Korea was pursuing both

13336: 12851: 12720: 12653: 12015: 11688: 11683: 11678: 11647: 10453:

Roth, Richard; Dewan, Angela; Westcott, Ben (February 27, 2018).

9817:

Payload Breakup Video: NHK static camera setup on Hokkaido island

9114: 8837: 8111: 8068:

Kim Jong Un and the Bomb – Survival and Deterrence in North Korea

8035:

Warrick, Joby; Nakashima, Ellen; Fifield, Anna (August 8, 2017).

7918:

Pabian, Frank V.; Makowsky, Peter; Buck, Irv (November 2, 2018).

7547: 6831:

Payload Breakup Video: nhk static camera setup on Hokkaido island

6721:"North Korea missile lacks re-entry capability, South Korea says" 5694: 3372:

On October 31, 2018, lawmaker Kim Min-ki of South Korea's ruling

3007:– 13,000 km range, successfully tested on November 28, 2017. 2643: 2166: 2159:, and by 2004 the structures and pipework had deteriorated badly. 2152: 2020:

ballistic missiles are capable of carrying it. In December 2023,

1182: 1151: 1131:, in the north-eastern part of North Korea. This was found by an 1086: 13047: 7310:"Analysis: Kim Jong Un wants the world to know he still matters" 7210:"Japanese report to say North Korea has miniaturized nuclear..." 4846:"North Korea Likely Lying About Hydrogen Bomb Test, Experts Say" 4248:"North Korea Nuclear Test Confirmed by U.S. Intelligence Agency" 2283:

of Pakistan allegedly, through Pakistan's former top scientist,

1732: 1247:, the country announced a further "perfect" hydrogen bomb test. 142: 12767: 12035: 12030: 12003: 11979: 11959: 11725: 10793: 10730:

Chronology of U.S. – North Korean Nuclear and Missile Diplomacy

10687:

A Collection of stories regarding North Korea's Nuclear Program

7570:

No End in Sight: The Continuing Menace of Nuclear Proliferation

7118:

Trump: US to Redesignate North Korea as State Sponsor of Terror

6676:"Analysis – The inevitability of North Korea's nuclear weapons" 4984: 4655:. February 15, 2013. Archived from the original on May 23, 2013 2856: 2609:

with conventional weapons, killing a number of civilians), the

2268:

and extensive underground facility whose purpose is not known.

2185:

in Belgium. In 1994 its activity was frozen in accord with the

2144: 2124: 1537: 1255:

policy. This policy changed in 2022 with a law approved by the

1169:

detected a magnitude 5.1 seismic disturbance, reported to be a

1039:

but did not include the required safeguards agreement with the

984:

at increasing levels of expertise, prompting the imposition of

907: 82: 10420: 9735:"That's more or less our range estimate too – 7,000–10,000 km" 8394:

North Korea's Nuclear Warhead Quantity Estimates and Prospects

7361:"North Korea Unveils Tactical Nuclear Warheads for First Time" 6800:"Success of North Korean Missile Test Is Thrown Into Question" 6128: 6126: 4494:"DPRK Foreign Ministry Spokesman on Result of DPRK-U.S. Talks" 4432:"North Korea's new nuclear test raises universal condemnation" 13013: 12961: 12772: 12373: 12136: 12023: 11983: 11951: 11947: 11720: 11710: 11632: 11627: 11622: 11617: 11433: 11410: 11405: 11395: 11390: 11362: 11347: 11342: 11281: 11162: 11157: 11152: 9008:"Does North Korea Have a Missile-Deliverable Nuclear Weapon?" 8222:"US Institute Estimates N. Korea Has Some 45 Nuclear Weapons" 8146:"Closing nuclear facility on table as US-NKorea summit nears" 7308:

Analysis by Brad Lendon and Yoonjung Seo (January 31, 2022).

7185:"North Korea Says Nuke Push Complete as Entire U.S. in Range" 5260: 4459: 3382: 3038: 3019:. Demonstrated range of 800 kilometers on September 15, 2021. 3011: 2820: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2556: 2229:

identified with a military, or potentially military purpose:

2178: 2017: 2013: 1837: 1201: 503: 13679:

Targeted Killings: Law and Morality in an Asymmetrical World

10650:

Second nuclear test conducted by North Korea on May 25, 2009

10266:"North Korea 'shopping for mass destruction ', expert warns" 10236:"North Korea 'runs international nuclear smuggling network'" 7624:"FSI – CISAC – North Korea's Choice: Bombs Over Electricity" 7466:. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. p. 303. 6051:"N Korean nuclear test condemned as intolerable provocation" 5406:. Fox News. Associated Press. April 25, 2009. Archived from 4815:"N Korean nuclear test condemned as intolerable provocation" 3694:(Report). U.S. Department of Defense. 2012. pp. 21–22. 3050:. The missile development was halted due to engine problems. 2995:– Also known as the KN-20, a long-range, road transportable 2823:

SRBM, which can target the entire Korean peninsula, and the

2459:

estimated North Korea had fewer than 10 plutonium warheads.

13929:

List of militant Korean independence activist organizations

13167: 13157: 11804: 10605: 9745: 9665:"North Korea Appears to Launch Missile with 6,700 km Range" 9143:"North Korea Fires Ballistic Missile Into Waters Off Japan" 8975:"Pentagon Says Nuclear Missile Is in Grasp for North Korea" 8628:"Everything we know about North Korea's bioweapons program" 6747:"North Korea can hit most of United States: U.S. officials" 6452: 6123: 6081:"North Korea's Hydrogen Bomb Claim Strains Ties With China" 5641:"2010 Korea bomb 'tests' probably false alarms, says study" 5231: 4349:"North Korea is fully fledged nuclear power, experts agree" 3208:

25 Hwasong-5s were purchased from North Korea in 1989. The

3043: 2996: 2968: 2948: 2944: 2719: 2715: 2507:(CW) program in 1954, immediately following the end of the 1961: 1893: 1775: 1519:

Military parade in Pyongyang, 2015 featuring soldiers with

10320:

Taleblu, Richard Goldberg, Behnam Ben (November 8, 2017).

9702:"Why Is Russia Denying That North Korea Launched an ICBM?" 8516:

Chemical Weapons Convention Signatories and States-Parties

8275:

Kristensen, Hans M.; Norris, Robert S. (January 2, 2018).

7967:"North Korea building up nuclear arsenal, researchers say" 7462:

Albright, David; Berkhout, Frans; Walker, William (1997).

7403:"North Korea fires ICBM after condemning U.S. 'war' moves" 6214:"Rex Tillerson urged to be 'cool-headed' over North Korea" 5432:. Fox News. Associated Press. May 25, 2009. Archived from 4462:"North Korea Agrees to Curb Nuclear Work; U.S. Offers Aid" 4112:(1 ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 31–32. 3271: 9797:"North Korean ICBM Appears Able to Reach Major US Cities" 9753:"Arms Control Wonk : North Korea's ICBM: Hwasong-14" 9675: 9635:"North Korea: Second ICBM test proves US in strike range" 8773: 8083:"Hecker: Talk to North Korea to avert a nuclear disaster" 7158:"North Korea Says It Has 'Completed' Its Nuclear Program" 7064:

Shear, Michael D.; Sanger, David E. (November 20, 2017).

7007:"North Korea nuclear test: Hydrogen bomb 'missile-ready'" 4955:

Roth, Richard; Yan, Holly; Ellis, Ralph (March 2, 2016).

2917: 2232:

1. Hamgyong Bukdo (North Hamgyong) Province – two sites:

2148: 2120: 1969: 1964:

during a military parade for the 75th anniversary of the

1048:. In 1993, North Korea announced its withdrawal from the 10289:"Iran Fortifies Its Arsenal With the Aid of North Korea" 8396:, Korea Institute for Defense Analyses, 12 January 2023. 6490:"N Korea missile launch fails day after military parade" 6029: 5789:"Press Release: On the CTBTO's detection in North Korea" 5404:"N. Korea Says It Has Restarted Nuclear Facilities list" 4945:– Reuters, 9 September 2016 5:39am Britain Standard Time 3536:"North Korea: Tremor was sixth nuclear test, says Japan" 2249:

3. Pyongan Bukdo (North Pyongan) Province – four sites:

1716:, a device of considerably more power than conventional 1712:

suggested that the country had the capacity to launch a

12344:

Politics of North Korea#Political parties and elections

10735:

North Korea's Nuclear Weapons Development and Diplomacy

9812: 9810: 8492:

Richard C. Paddock, Choe Sang-Hun & Nicholas Wade,

8081:

Elisabeth Eaves, Siegfried S. Hecker (August 7, 2017).

8034: 6607:"NYT: North Korea says it has successfully tested ICBM" 4919:"North Korea conducts 'fifth and biggest nuclear test'" 4546:"US stops food aid to North Korea after missile launch" 4109:

On the Brink: Trump, Kim, and the Threat of Nuclear War

3765:

On the Brink: Trump, Kim, and the Threat of Nuclear War

2485: 1782: 1160:

Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources

1052:, but suspended that withdrawal before it took effect. 8750:"North Korea's nuclear weapons: What you need to know" 8713:

Characterizing the North Korean Nuclear Missile Threat

8451:"North Korea chemical weapons threaten region: report" 7120:, Peter Heinlein, Voice of America, November 21, 2017. 6798:

Broad, William J.; Sanger, David E. (August 1, 2017).

4887:"North Korea fires long-range rocket despite warnings" 4874:

Nordkorea: BGR registriert vermutlichen Kernwaffentest

4723:

Nordkorea: BGR registriert vermutlichen Kernwaffentest

4056:. Dosfan.lib.uic.edu. October 21, 1994. Archived from 3860:

December 15, 2008 (Korean) February 17, 2009 (English)

3768:(1 ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 23. 2354: 2151:

and 200 MWe), under construction at Yongbyon and

2001:

On March 24, 2023, North Korea unveiled the Hwasan-31

1854:

On July 4, 2017, North Korea launched Hwasong-14 from

1012:

Soviet engineers took part in the construction of the

9775:"Arms Control Wonk : North Korea's New Missiles" 9657: 9333:"North Korea Launches Four Missiles "Simultaneously"" 8473:"Arms Control and Proliferation Profile: North Korea" 7828:

Sanger, David E.; Broad, William J. (March 1, 2007).

7335:"North Korea declares itself a nuclear weapons state" 6182:"North Korea: Four ballistic missiles fired into sea" 5987:"North Korea nuclear H-bomb claims met by scepticism" 5700: 5017:"Kim Jong Un's October 10 Speech: More Than Missiles" 4987:"North Korea launches second long-range ICBM missile" 4460:

Steven Lee Myers; Choe Sang-Hun (February 29, 2012).

4195:"North Korea vows to abandon nuclear weapons project" 2940: – believed to be a modified copy of the Soviet 2889: 1085:

was detected, its yield was estimated as less than a

10446: 9807: 8112:

David E. Sanger, William J. Broad (April 24, 2017).

7821: 7583: 7546:. International Atomic Energy Agency. Archived from 6429:"North Korea surprises with display of new missiles" 6403: 6013:"North Korea shows off its 'true nuclear deterrent'" 3974: 3972: 3970: 3968: 3966: 3964: 3962: 3871:

James Clay Moltz and Alexandre Y. Mansourov (eds.):

3393: 2371: 1960:

On October 10, 2020, North Korea unveiled a massive

1902:

estimates the explosive payload of the North Korean

1751:

Aftermath of claimed North Korean hydrogen bomb test

1703: 11844: 9079:"Analysts say North Korea's new missiles are fakes" 7854: 7375:"[영상] '화산-31' 전술핵탄두 전격 공개한 북한…7차 핵실험 임박했나?" 6277:"North Korea May Be Preparing Its 6th Nuclear Test" 6105:"Seoul says North Korea conducted 5th nuclear test" 5901:"North Korea has a hydrogen bomb, says Kim Jong-un" 4346: 2691:which North Korea condemns as invasion rehearsals. 1698:

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

1104:inspectors confirmed the shutdown of North Korea's 1035:detonation tests. In 1985 North Korea ratified the 10455:"UN: NK sending chemical weapon supplies to Syria" 9233: 8747: 8535: 8533: 8531: 8236:"Institute for Science and International Security" 7917: 7885: 6793: 6791: 5103: 4980: 4978: 4948: 4761:McCurry, Justin; Safi, Michael (January 6, 2016). 4736:M5.1 – 21 km ENE of Sungjibaegam, North Korea 4192: 4001:The U.S.-North Korean Agreed Framework at a Glance 2494: 2271: 2242:Phunggyere – Site of October 9, 2006, Nuclear Test 2119:A newer nuclear reactor with a capacity of 5 1987:and rejected any possibility of denuclearisation. 978:Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons 10452: 9829: 9227: 8645:Lamothe, Dan; Morello, Carol (November 4, 2017). 8442: 8087:Center for International Security and Cooperation 7269:"How Donald Trump's North Korea gamble went bust" 6740: 6738: 6579:"A New North Korean Missile Test Ends in Failure" 5588:"Did North Korea Really Light Up a Nuke in 2010?" 4985:Zachary Cohen and Barbara Starr (July 28, 2017). 4421:North Korea's Nuclear test Explosion, 2009. SIPRI 4151:, "North 'bribed its way to nuclear statehood'", 3959: 2815:issued a report citing a 2017 assessment by the 1620: 13988: 10951:Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization 10679:North Korean International Documentation Project 10644:North Korea: Problems, Perceptions and Proposals 10595: 10593: 10591: 10589: 10587: 10430:. NTI: Nuclear Threat Initiative. Archived from 10286: 9693: 9548:"US believes North Korea launched KN-17 missile" 9172: 9170: 8324:https://fas.org/initiative/fas-nuclear-notebook/ 8274: 8189: 7990: 6156:China Suspends All Coal Imports From North Korea 5815:"North Korea confirms 'successful' nuclear test" 5703:Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 5457:"North Korea claims nuclear fusion breakthrough" 5293: 5291: 5289: 5009: 4612: 4224:Burns, Robert; Gearan, Anne (October 13, 2006). 3061:Korea Mining and Development Trading Corporation 2632:James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies 2477:Stockholm International Peace Research Institute 2444:Institute for Science and International Security 2438:Institute for Science and International Security 2316:Pyongyang. North Korea soon thereafter expelled 1173:. North Korea claimed that this test involved a 12751:International adoption of South Korean children 12063:United States Army Military Government in Korea 12051:Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea 10489:"Hwasong-6 ('Scud C' Variant) – Missile Threat" 8806:"Nikkei Interview Article Computer Translation" 8528: 8525:, Arms Control Association (updated June 2017). 8074: 8030: 8028: 7991:Kristensen, Hans M.; Norris, Robert S. (2018). 7830:"U.S. Had Doubts on North Korean Uranium Drive" 7484:The North Korean Plutonium Stock, February 2007 7085: 6788: 6766: 6764: 6032:"North Korea claims miniature nuclear warheads" 5089: 5025:. The Henry L. Stimson Center. October 13, 2020 4975: 4293: 4291: 3683: 3681: 3679: 3677: 3675: 3673: 3671: 3568:"North Korea nuclear test: what we know so far" 3335:In the 1990s, the United States negotiated the 3055:Exports related to ballistic missile technology 2830: 2596:United Nations Security Council Resolution 1718 2220:Because the light water reactors would require 11060:South Korea Ballistic Missile Range Guidelines 10741:IISS North Korea's Ballistic Missile Programme 10378:"South Asia – Powell says nuclear ring broken" 10322:"Iran's New Missile Cap Offer Is a Total Sham" 9355:"North's Scud-ER can reach U.S. base in Japan" 9107: 8854: 8852: 8644: 8539: 7863:"New Doubts on Nuclear Efforts by North Korea" 6735: 5633: 5534: 5181:"North's Korea Choice: Bombs over Electricity" 4957:"North Korea hit with tough sanctions by U.N." 4929: 3578: 3142:leaked, classified U.S. State Department cable 2748:In an online interview published in 2006, the 2391: 2074: 13749: 13063: 11830: 11091: 10779: 10584: 10146: 9374: 9205:"North Korea launches missile from submarine" 9202: 9167: 9134: 8876: 8706: 8704: 8702: 8105: 7131:"North Korea fires ICBM into Japanese waters" 6171:, February 18, 2017. Retrieved July 10, 2017. 6048: 5737: 5430:"N. Korea Says It Conducted 2nd Nuclear Test" 5349:Far-Reaching U.S. Plan Impaired N. Korea Deal 5286: 4911: 4869: 4867: 4718: 4716: 4526:. U.S. Department of State. February 29, 2012 4455: 4453: 4240: 4170:. Fox News. February 11, 2005. Archived from 4168:"North Korea Confirms It Has Nuclear Weapons" 3804: 2867:, in international waters but inside Japan's 1733:First claimed North Korean hydrogen bomb test 980:(NPT). Since 2006, the country has conducted 927: 738: 473: 10956:Nyongbyon Nuclear Scientific Research Center 10809:Timeline of the North Korean nuclear program 10566:"North Korea Missile Milestones – 1969–2005" 10341:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 9891:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 9726: 9718:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 9203:Melvin, Don; Sciutto, Jim (April 23, 2016). 8488: 8486: 8465: 8025: 7592:"The risks of North Korea's nuclear restart" 6961:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 6924:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 6761: 6598: 6365:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 6332:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 6299:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 6030:Steve Almasy; Euan McKirdy (March 8, 2016). 5659: 5543:"Isotopes hint at North Korean nuclear test" 5448: 4954: 4288: 3842: 3836: 3668: 3588:. NORSAR. September 12, 2017. Archived from 3451:List of nuclear weapons tests of North Korea 3367: 3059:In April 2009, the United Nations named the 2303:acknowledged in 2005 that Khan had provided 1280:Timeline of the North Korean nuclear program 998:Timeline of the North Korean nuclear program 893:Nyongbyon Nuclear Scientific Research Center 13638:North Korea and weapons of mass destruction 12482:South Korea and weapons of mass destruction 12392:North Korea and weapons of mass destruction 12248:List of World Heritage Sites in South Korea 11105: 11055:South Korea and weapons of mass destruction 10795:North Korea and weapons of mass destruction 10701:Norris, Robert S. and Kristensen, Hans M., 9919:"[2보] 북한 "철도기동미사일연대 검열사격훈련"…김정은 불참" 9789: 9767: 9412: 9410: 9382:"Facts about North Korea's Musudan missile" 8849: 8475:. Arms Control Association. November 2016. 7827: 7544:"International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)" 7063: 6797: 5579: 5476: 5374:"Bush removes North Korea from terror list" 5371: 5315: 4760: 4618: 4223: 4217: 3488:South Korea and weapons of mass destruction 2479:estimated North Korea had 6 to 8 warheads. 2101:Yongbyon Nuclear Scientific Research Center 2090:Yongbyon Nuclear Scientific Research Center 1653:On May 25, 2009, North Korea conducted its 1140:Yongbyon Nuclear Scientific Research Center 1119:. On May 25, 2009, North Korea conducted a 1014:Yongbyon Nuclear Scientific Research Center 888:Korean People's Army Strategic Rocket Force 772:North Korea and weapons of mass destruction 14007:Anti-North Korean sentiment in South Korea 13756: 13742: 13070: 13056: 11837: 11823: 11098: 11084: 10786: 10772: 10506: 8748:Warrick, Joby; Vitkovskaya, Julie (2018). 8699: 8448: 8422: 6274: 5605: 5585: 4864: 4713: 4450: 4226:"U.S.: Test Points to N. Korea Nuke Blast" 3865: 3292: 2796:of short range ballistic missiles such as 934: 920: 745: 731: 502: 480: 466: 141: 85:revised estimate based on a tremor of 6.1M 77:50 kilotons of TNT (210 TJ) based on 10746:List of all sanctions against North Korea 9835: 9480: 9108:Kim, Jack; Ju-Min Park (March 17, 2016). 8483: 8420: 8418: 8416: 8414: 8412: 8410: 8408: 8406: 8404: 8402: 8300: 8277:"North Korean nuclear capabilities, 2018" 8016: 7993:"North Korean nuclear capabilities, 2018" 6843: 6718: 5554: 5372:Sevastopulo, Demetri (October 10, 2008). 4787: 4785: 4783: 4379: 4377: 4271: 4269: 3712:Nuclear Weapons: Who Has What at a Glance 3244: 2529:South Korean Ministry of National Defense 2217:until those reactors could be completed. 976:. In 2003, North Korea withdrew from the 956:and, as of 2024, is estimated to have an 13435:Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present) 12475:List of political parties in South Korea 9578:"北 "신형 중장거리미사일 발사 성공"…김정은 "美본토 타격권"(종합)" 9513: 9407: 9140: 9076: 9014:from the original on September 21, 2016. 8777:Asian Strategic And Military Perspective 8710: 8347:(June 3, 2013). Retrieved July 12, 2013. 8242: 7654:"Defiant NKorea resumes nuclear program" 7572:. University Press of Kentucky. p. 251. 7155: 7091: 6604: 6576: 6144:from the original on September 17, 2016. 5929: 5869: 5665: 5540: 5358:: Demands Began to Undo Nuclear Accord, 5205: 5162:. US Department of State. Archived from 4837: 4621:"Estimates differ on size of N.K. blast" 3654:"North Korea's Longest Missile Test Yet" 3314: 2834: 2083: 1789:September 2016 North Korean nuclear test 1754: 1682: 1557:In 1994, North Korea pledged, under the 1514: 1456:Location of North Korea's nuclear tests 1189:, president of the global security firm 13143:Operation Enduring Freedom participants 12380:State Affairs Commission of North Korea 12228:Administrative divisions of South Korea 12195:Administrative divisions of North Korea 10834:Japan–North Korea Pyongyang Declaration 10319: 10233: 10128:from the original on September 24, 2012 9602: 9470:from the original on September 7, 2016. 8972: 8954:"How potent are North Korea's threats?" 8479:from the original on February 25, 2017. 8335:Daily chart: Mutually assured ambiguity 8164: 8093:from the original on September 11, 2017 7860: 7696:from the original on September 27, 2011 7233: 7057: 7039:"US hubs become defenders of the earth" 6987:from the original on September 14, 2017 6951:from the original on September 4, 2017. 6744: 6445: 5845:"How Powerful Was N.Korea's Nuke Test?" 5611: 5482: 5454: 4925:from the original on September 9, 2016. 4843: 4689:"How Powerful Was N.Korea's Nuke Test?" 4254:from the original on September 30, 2007 4236:from the original on December 27, 2016. 4105: 3990:from the original on September 1, 2013. 3980:"Fact Sheet on DPRK Nuclear Safeguards" 3761: 3705: 3701:from the original on February 25, 2017. 3272:Rejection by a potential export partner 2079: 14022:Weapons of mass destruction by country 13989: 12112: 10301:from the original on November 29, 2010 10246:from the original on December 25, 2011 10185:from the original on February 26, 2012 10155:from the original on February 24, 2012 9906:North Korea’s Longest Missile Test Yet 9495:from the original on February 23, 2017 9448:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 8860:"S/2019/691 – e – S/2019/691 -Desktop" 8845:from the original on January 18, 2017. 8461:from the original on October 16, 2015. 8399: 7616: 7589: 7528:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 7019:from the original on September 3, 2017 6745:Stewart, Idrees Ali (August 1, 2017). 6426: 5962: 5857:from the original on February 17, 2013 5837: 5821:. London, England. February 12, 2013. 5795:from the original on February 15, 2013 5157:"North's Korea Nuclear Weapon Program" 4803:from the original on February 6, 2016. 4780: 4701:from the original on February 17, 2013 4633:from the original on February 16, 2013 4600:from the original on February 12, 2013 4574:from the original on February 13, 2013 4556:from the original on October 16, 2015. 4434:. NPSGlobal Foundation. May 25, 2009. 4415:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 4374: 4347:Richard Lloyd Parry (April 24, 2009). 4266: 3951:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 3735:from the original on February 6, 2016. 3548:from the original on September 3, 2017 2785:called the launch "very regrettable". 2767:In January 2020, Vice Chairman of the 2413: 1739:January 2016 North Korean nuclear test 1016:and began construction of an IRT-2000 81:– 250 kilotons of TNT (1,000 TJ) 13737: 13672:Targeted Killing in International Law 13553:Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse 13051: 12796: 12709: 12674:Science and technology in South Korea 12524: 12465:Presidential elections in South Korea 12268: 12243:List of special cities of South Korea 12111: 11872: 11818: 11079: 10767: 10760:– Reuters (Updated September 3, 2017) 10717:– An analysis of Japan's role in the 10703:"North Korea's nuclear program, 2005" 10234:McElroy, Damien (November 12, 2010). 10013:from the original on January 25, 2012 9985:"日언론 "北, 화성-13형 개발 중단…연료 주입시간·출력 문제"" 9732: 9481:Schilling, John (February 13, 2017). 9005: 8830: 8794:from the original on January 2, 2016. 8729:from the original on December 5, 2012 8634:from the original on August 12, 2017. 8625: 8600: 8065: 7940:Cohen, Zachary (September 16, 2021). 7939: 7891: 7715:Nuclear Weapons Program – North Korea 7590:Hecker, Siegfried S. (May 12, 2009). 6914:from the original on August 12, 2017. 5975:from the original on January 7, 2016. 5586:Pappalardo, Joe (November 14, 2017). 5384:from the original on October 12, 2008 5311:from the original on August 21, 2013. 5043: 4899:from the original on February 8, 2016 4876:– BGR (In German), September 9, 2016. 4033:from the original on December 1, 2016 4010:Fact Sheet, Arms Control Association. 3895:"Research Reactor Details – IRT-DPRK" 3136:). Iran also possesses 19 land-based 2880:submarine-launched ballistic missiles 2499:North Korea began to develop its own 1774:Nations across the world, as well as 30:Democratic People's Republic of Korea 13718: 12797: 12470:Legislative elections in South Korea 11873: 10390:from the original on April 23, 2013. 9873:from the original on August 28, 2017 9860: 9699: 9234:Vann H. Van Diepen (July 10, 2023). 8966: 8540:Asher-Schaprio, Avi (July 9, 2015). 8126:from the original on August 10, 2017 8047:from the original on August 17, 2017 7809:from the original on August 22, 2006 7777:from the original on October 1, 2012 7182: 6905: 6863:from the original on August 9, 2017. 6757:from the original on August 1, 2017. 6534:from the original on April 18, 2017. 6435:from the original on April 30, 2017. 6416:from the original on April 29, 2017. 6393:from the original on April 28, 2017. 6346: 6322:from the original on April 16, 2017. 6313: 6289:from the original on April 14, 2017. 6093:from the original on April 10, 2016. 6038:from the original on March 20, 2017. 5944:from the original on January 9, 2016 5930:Sang-hun, Choe (December 10, 2015). 5911:from the original on January 6, 2016 5825:from the original on January 6, 2016 5541:Brumfiel, Geoff (February 3, 2012). 4852:from the original on January 6, 2016 4825:from the original on January 7, 2016 4742:from the original on January 7, 2016 4328:from the original on August 27, 2007 4205:from the original on August 29, 2013 2743:intermediate-range ballistic missile 2701:Korean People's Army Strategic Force 2630:Also in 2015, Melissa Hanham of the 2611:National Emergency Management Agency 2486:Korea Institute for Defense Analyses 2291:around 1990–1996, according to U.S. 2201:and the threat of American military 2035: 1997:2021–2023 North Korean missile tests 1783:First nuclear warhead test explosion 1071:Framework was officially abandoned. 10646:– Oxford Research Group, April 2004 9850:from the original on July 30, 2017. 9803:from the original on July 29, 2017. 9785:from the original on July 19, 2017. 9763:from the original on July 29, 2017. 9741:from the original on July 18, 2017. 9708:from the original on July 18, 2017. 9689:from the original on July 29, 2017. 9645:from the original on August 9, 2017 9215:from the original on April 24, 2016 9184:from the original on August 4, 2016 9155:from the original on August 5, 2016 9122:from the original on March 17, 2016 9089:from the original on April 29, 2012 8987:from the original on April 12, 2013 8601:Monte, Louis A. Del (May 1, 2017). 8582:from the original on March 23, 2016 8552:from the original on March 10, 2016 8256:from the original on April 16, 2013 7873:from the original on April 11, 2007 7842:from the original on April 16, 2009 7797:"N Korea 'admits nuclear programme" 7664:from the original on April 10, 2015 7234:McCurry, Justin (August 21, 2019). 7156:Friedman, Uri (November 29, 2017). 7092:Westcott, Ben (November 22, 2017). 6784:from the original on July 18, 2017. 6731:from the original on July 12, 2017. 6719:Berlinger, Joshua (July 11, 2017). 6686:from the original on July 28, 2017. 6558:from the original on April 28, 2017 6502:from the original on April 15, 2017 6256:from the original on April 14, 2017 6226:from the original on March 18, 2017 5963:Fenton, Siobhan (January 6, 2016). 5612:De Geer, Lars-Erik (May 19, 2015). 4844:Windrem, Robert (January 6, 2016). 4570:(Report). USGS. February 11, 2013. 4500:. February 29, 2012. Archived from 4438:from the original on March 21, 2011 3805:Samuel Ramani (February 18, 2016). 3461:North Korea–United States relations 2694: 2517:Nuclear and Chemical Defense Bureau 2355:Stockpile estimates and projections 79:Korea Meteorological Administration 13: 13933:Korean People's Revolutionary Army 12621:Economic inequality in South Korea 12616:Automotive industry in South Korea 12545:Automotive industry in North Korea 10546:from the original on March 2, 2012 9671:from the original on July 4, 2017. 9528:from the original on April 5, 2017 9430:from the original on July 12, 2016 9392:from the original on April 9, 2013 8877:Zachary Cohen (January 17, 2020). 8774:Ravi Shekhar Narain Singh (2005). 7389:"북한, 전술핵탄두 전격 공개…김정은 "무기급 핵물질 확대"" 6708:from the original on July 5, 2017. 6194:from the original on March 5, 2017 5133:. January 11, 2016. Archived from 4997:from the original on July 28, 2017 4653:"Nuke test air samples are a bust" 4474:from the original on March 1, 2012 4316:"UN confirms N Korea nuclear halt" 3843:Lee Jae-Bong (February 17, 2009). 3082: 2890:Operational or successfully tested 2705:List of North Korean missile tests 2684:by suspected North Korean agents. 2678:Kuala Lumpur International Airport 2571:North Korea is a signatory to the 2429:intercontinental ballistic missile 2199:UN Security Council Resolution 825 1888:normal minimum energy trajectory. 1574:inspectors while re-routing spent 1572:International Atomic Energy Agency 1552:International Atomic Energy Agency 1262: 1165:On January 6, 2016, in Korea, the 1113:International Atomic Energy Agency 1102:International Atomic Energy Agency 767: 14: 14033: 13603:Enhanced interrogation techniques 13399:Georgia Sustainment and Stability 13287:al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula 13077: 12659:Financial services in South Korea 12631:Telecommunications in South Korea 12555:Telecommunications in North Korea 10708:Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 10616: 9836:Schilling, John (July 10, 2017). 9615:from the original on July 4, 2017 9584:from the original on May 17, 2017 9558:from the original on May 15, 2017 9141:Sang-Hun, Choe (August 2, 2016). 9077:Talmadge, Eric (April 26, 2012). 8808:. Excite-webtl.jp. Archived from 8615:from the original on May 2, 2017. 8449:Herskovitz, Jon (June 18, 2009). 8281:Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 7997:Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 7747:from the original on May 31, 2009 7735:"Khan 'gave N Korea centrifuges'" 7597:Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 7183:Kong, Kanga (November 28, 2017). 6656:from the original on July 6, 2017 6577:Sang-Hun, Choe (April 28, 2017). 6478:from the original on May 3, 2017. 6460:from the original on May 1, 2017. 6355:from the original on May 1, 2017. 5044:Smith, Josh (September 9, 2022). 4963:from the original on July 1, 2016 4738:(Report). USGS. January 6, 2016. 4619:Choi He-suk (February 14, 2013). 4524:"U.S.-DPRK Bilateral Discussions" 4086:from the original on June 9, 2009 4080:"US grants N Korea nuclear funds" 3729:"North Korea leaves nuclear pact" 3471:Sohae Satellite Launching Station 3331:in the demilitarized zone in 2019 3144:, Iran designated the Musudan as 2886:and Russia's actions in Ukraine. 2790:Foundation for Strategic Research 2457:Federation of American Scientists 2386:Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 2382:Federation of American Scientists 2372:Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 2112:fuel for constant operation. The 1953:Bruce Klingner of the U.S.-based 1724:and from South Korean officials. 1704:December 2015 hydrogen bomb claim 14017:Foreign relations of North Korea 13765: 13717: 13708: 13707: 13578:Combatant Status Review Tribunal 13527:President's Surveillance Program 13522:Military Commissions Act of 2009 13517:Military Commissions Act of 2006 13470:Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 13445:Moro conflict in the Philippines 13440:Insurgency in the North Caucasus 12741:Gender inequality in South Korea 12710: 12418:Foreign relations of South Korea 12292:Foreign relations of North Korea 10819:1994 North Korean nuclear crisis 10558: 10532: 10481: 10472: 10428:"Syria – Country Profiles – NTI" 10394: 10370: 10349: 10313: 10280: 10258: 10227: 10197: 10167: 10140: 10114: 10103: 10077: 10051: 10025: 9999: 9977: 9951: 9925: 9911: 9899: 9854: 9733:Lewis, Jeffrey (July 10, 2017). 9627: 9603:McCurry, Justin (July 4, 2017). 9596: 9570: 9540: 9514:Sang-hun, Choe (April 4, 2017). 9507: 9474: 9456: 9347: 9325: 9300: 9282: 9256: 9196: 9101: 9070: 9044: 9018: 8999: 8973:Shanker, Thom (April 11, 2013). 8946: 8934: 8923: 8896: 8870: 8824: 8798: 8767: 8741: 8673: 8664: 8638: 8619: 8594: 8564: 8509: 8387: 8375: 8350: 8328: 8317: 8268: 8250:"Nuclear weapons: Who has what?" 8228: 8214: 8138: 8059: 7984: 7959: 7933: 7911: 7861:Kessler, Glenn (March 1, 2007). 7789: 7773:. ABC News (USA). May 30, 2008. 7759: 7727: 7708: 7676: 7646: 7562: 7536: 7496: 7477: 7456: 7435: 7421: 7395: 7381: 7367: 7353: 7327: 7301: 7287: 7261: 7227: 7202: 7176: 7149: 7123: 7111: 7031: 6999: 6969: 6932: 6899: 6883:. August 8, 2017. Archived from 6867: 6824: 6712: 6690: 6668: 6638: 6570: 6538: 6514: 6482: 6464: 6446:Daniels, Jeff (April 12, 2017). 6439: 6420: 6397: 6373: 6340: 6307: 6268: 6238: 6206: 5455:McCurry, Justin (May 12, 2010). 5243:first session, February 17, 2005 4793:"News from The Associated Press" 4276:North Korea's first nuclear test 3874:The North Korean Nuclear Program 3446:Foreign relations of North Korea 3410: 3396: 3278: 3251: 3230: 3216: 3198: 3170: 3152: 3114: 3092: 2839:Estimated maximum range of some 2195:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 2039: 1628:In February 2007, following the 1581:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 1442: 1435: 1423: 1411: 1399: 1387: 1375: 1363: 1351: 1339: 1327: 1315: 1301: 1294: 1287: 873:1994 North Korean nuclear crisis 449: 448: 35: 14002:Military history of North Korea 13837:Reserve Military Training Units 13820:Paramilitary and reserve forces 13394:Georgia Train and Equip Program 12664:Fishing industry in South Korea 12487:National Assembly (South Korea) 11845:Index of Korea-related articles 10737:Congressional Research Service. 10725:North Korea: Economic Sanctions 10357:"Khorramshahr – Missile Threat" 6938: 6605:Sang-hun, Choe (July 4, 2017). 6427:Lendon, Brad (April 15, 2017). 6174: 6148: 6097: 6073: 6042: 6023: 6015:. March 9, 2016. Archived from 6005: 5979: 5956: 5923: 5893: 5807: 5781: 5763: 5422: 5396: 5365: 5341: 5173: 5149: 5117: 5063: 5037: 4879: 4807: 4754: 4728: 4681: 4645: 4586: 4560: 4538: 4516: 4486: 4424: 4340: 4308: 4250:. Bloomberg. October 16, 2006. 4186: 4160: 4142: 4099: 4072: 4046: 4013: 3994: 3913: 3887: 3798: 3755: 3739: 3721: 3476:North Korea nuclear disarmament 3441:2002 State of the Union Address 3354:United Nations Security Council 2605:(in which North Korea attacked 2551:of chemical weapons, including 2495:Chemical and biological weapons 2272:Highly enriched uranium program 1687:North Korea's ballistic missile 1655:second underground nuclear test 1171:fourth underground nuclear test 1167:United States Geological Survey 996:For a chronological guide, see 125:Not a member (withdrew in 2003) 111:15,000 km (9,300 mi) 54:First thermonuclear weapon test 13997:Nuclear program of North Korea 13583:Criticism of the war on terror 13537:Terrorist Surveillance Program 13342:Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan 13095:War in Afghanistan (2001-2021) 12450:Republic of Korea Armed Forces 10149:"Ko Myong Hun and Kim Song In" 8831:Rubin, Uzi (August 11, 2016). 8626:Loria, Kevin (July 27, 2017). 7892:Panda, Ankit (July 13, 2018). 7692:(in Korean). October 6, 2006. 5907:. Reuters. December 10, 2015. 5668:Seismological Research Letters 4921:. BBCNews. September 9, 2016. 4821:. Mediacorp. January 6, 2016. 3646: 3618: 3604: 3560: 3528: 3509: 3500: 3456:North Korea–Pakistan relations 3182:Syria originally obtained the 3067:America, and the Middle East. 2813:Congressional Research Service 2808:large diameter guided rocket. 2424:Los Alamos National Laboratory 2123:. This gas-graphite moderated 2095:North Korea's plutonium-based 2088:5 MWe experimental reactor at 1936:the United States into talks. 1808:2017 North Korean nuclear test 1679:2013 North Korean nuclear test 1646:2009 North Korean nuclear test 1621:Aftermath of 2006 nuclear test 1599:first underground nuclear test 1593:2006 North Korean nuclear test 1156:third underground nuclear test 1154:disturbance, reported to be a 1: 13908:Reconnaissance General Bureau 13618:Guantanamo Bay detention camp 13261:Mahmoud Mohamed Ahmed Bahaziq 12746:Low birth rate in South Korea 12502:Constitutional Court of Korea 12438:Prime Minister of South Korea 12312:Heads of state of North Korea 12307:Supreme Leader of North Korea 12238:List of cities in South Korea 12205:Special cities of North Korea 12200:List of cities in North Korea 11943:Proto–Three Kingdoms of Korea 11671:Transporter erector launchers 10839:Sanctions against North Korea 10638:North Korea's missile arsenal 9388:. GlobalPost. April 8, 2013. 9244:. The Henry L. Stimson Center 8943:, USNI News, 26 January 2023. 8439:(last updated December 2016). 8302:10.1080/00963402.2017.1413062 8018:10.1080/00963402.2017.1413062 5492:Science & Global Security 5362:, p. A20, September 26, 2008. 5327:Welcome to the United Nations 5299:"North Korea's nuclear tests" 4304:. January 6, 2007. p. 1. 3731:. CNN.com. January 10, 2003. 3522: 3346:Sanctions against North Korea 3327:, and South Korean President 3299:Sanctions against North Korea 2577:Biological Weapons Convention 1238:sanctions against North Korea 1083:underground nuclear explosion 1065:Pakistan's nuclear technology 964:and sufficient production of 13593:Killing of Ayman al-Zawahiri 13485:al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen 12918:Korean pottery and porcelain 12827:Globalization in South Korea 12269: 11065:Nuclear power in South Korea 10961:Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Site 10844:2017–2018 North Korea crisis 10814:Nuclear power in North Korea 9861:Diplomat, Ankit Panda, The. 9700:Diplomat, Ankit Panda, The. 9308:"Yonhapnews Agency – Mobile" 8715:(Report). RAND Corporation. 7164:. The Atlantic Monthly Group 6939:Kim, Jack, and Soyoung Kim. 6906:Diplomat, Ankit Panda, The. 6347:Diplomat, Ankit Panda, The. 5773:(in Chinese). Archived from 5512:10.1080/08929882.2012.652558 3466:Nuclear power in North Korea 3379:Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Site 2831:Operational delivery systems 2750:Japanese Ministry of Defense 2709: 2380:and Robert S. Norris of the 2103:, about 90 km north of 1817:ballistic missiles from the 1607:Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Site 1605:. The test was conducted at 1135:occurring at the test site. 898:Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Site 878:2017–2018 North Korea crisis 20:Nuclear power in North Korea 7: 13875:National Defence Commission 13863:Central Military Commission 13661:State Sponsors of Terrorism 13532:Protect America Act of 2007 12731:Demographics of South Korea 12726:Demographics of North Korea 12689:1997 Asian financial crisis 12684:Trade unions in South Korea 12598:Rason Special Economic Zone 12525: 12445:Human rights in South Korea 12413:Constitution of South Korea 12324:Human rights in North Korea 12287:Constitution of North Korea 12067:Soviet Civil Administration 7445:. E. Mellen Press. p. 205. 6314:Diplomat, Damen Cook, The. 6057:. Mediacorp. Archived from 5483:De Geer, Lars-Erik (2012). 4941:September 10, 2016, at the 4021:"The two faces of Rumsfeld" 3389: 3031: 2817:Defense Intelligence Agency 2741:is a North Korean designed 2652:National Defence Commission 2585:Chemical Weapons Convention 2524:Defense Intelligence Agency 2404:Defense Intelligence Agency 2392:Defense Intelligence Agency 2308:his visits to North Korea. 2075:Fissile material production 1881:Central Intelligence Agency 1873:Defense Intelligence Agency 1273: 1236:voted to impose additional 135:Weapons of mass destruction 10: 14038: 13598:Killing of Osama bin Laden 13475:War in Somalia (2006–2009) 13430:Operation Active Endeavour 12908:Traditional music of Korea 12578:Agriculture in North Korea 12423:Relations with North Korea 12385:President of State Affairs 12297:Relations with South Korea 12233:Environment of South Korea 12152:List of mountains in Korea 12087:COVID-19 pandemic in North 11903:Timeline of Korean history 10751:December 24, 2020, at the 10698:, Paris, IFRI, Winter 2009 10634:, Paris, IFRI, Spring 2010 9779:Armscontrolwonk.libsyn.com 9757:armscontrolwonk.libsyn.com 8521:September 3, 2017, at the 8499:February 25, 2017, at the 8432:February 24, 2017, at the 8362:United Press International 8070:. Oxford University Press. 5246:. U.S. G.P.O. p. 35. 5130:Korean Central News Agency 5113:. 38North. March 10, 2017. 4596:. CNN. February 12, 2013. 4498:Korean Central News Agency 4281:September 2, 2013, at the 4054:"Non-Proliferation Treaty" 3436:2017–18 North Korea crisis 3296: 2698: 2656:Korean Central News Agency 2565:U.S. Department of Defense 2545:International Crisis Group 1994: 1918:state sponsor of terrorism 1804:2017–18 North Korea crisis 1801: 1786: 1736: 1676: 1643: 1590: 1529:Korean Central News Agency 1277: 1266: 1146:On February 11, 2013, the 995: 991: 17: 13954: 13924:Military history of Korea 13916: 13903:Military Security Command 13850: 13827:Worker-Peasant Red Guards 13819: 13778: 13703: 13545: 13497: 13465:Terrorism in Saudi Arabia 13422: 13414:Drone strikes in Pakistan 13370: 13363: 13307:Harkat-ul-Jihad al-Islami 13274: 13213: 13206: 13130: 13123: 13085: 12976: 12968:Propaganda in North Korea 12926: 12878: 12809: 12805: 12792: 12716: 12705: 12606: 12535: 12531: 12520: 12428:Government of South Korea 12405: 12397:Supreme People's Assembly 12302:Government of North Korea 12279: 12275: 12264: 12218: 12185: 12124: 12120: 12107: 12046:Korea under Japanese rule 11995:North–South States Period 11911: 11898:List of monarchs of Korea 11893:Military history of Korea 11885: 11881: 11868: 11850: 11797: 11749: 11697: 11669: 11646: 11598: 11547:Anti-tank guided missiles 11545: 11487: 11424: 11381: 11333: 11295: 11247: 11204: 11176: 11113: 11047: 10969: 10943: 10900: 10852: 10801: 10404:. Cia.gov. Archived from 8711:Schiller, Markus (2012). 8437:Nuclear Threat Initiative 7720:October 16, 2015, at the 7568:Busch, Nathan E. (2004). 7489:October 17, 2012, at the 4673:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 4118:10.1017/9781108562225.002 4006:December 1, 2010, at the 3774:10.1017/9781108562225.002 3750:Nuclear Threat Initiative 3418:Nuclear technology portal 3374:Democratic Party of Korea 3368:International inspections 3263:Libya during the rule of 3140:missiles, according to a 2781:. Japan's prime minister 2603:bombardment of Yeonpyeong 2422:, former director of the 2318:United Nations inspectors 2114:U.S. Department of Energy 1257:Supreme People's Assembly 1150:detected a magnitude 5.1 118: 107: 100:Current strategic arsenal 99: 91: 71: 63: 53: 44:First nuclear weapon test 43: 34: 29: 13893:General Staff Department 13888:General Political Bureau 13868:State Affairs Commission 13685:Unitary executive theory 13029:Sexuality in South Korea 12986:Education in South Korea 12936:Education in North Korea 12870:Tattooing in South Korea 12679:Squatting in South Korea 12669:Miracle on the Han River 12641:Transport in South Korea 12565:Transport in North Korea 12492:Judiciary of South Korea 12460:Elections in South Korea 12433:President of South Korea 12339:Elections in North Korea 12220:Geography of South Korea 12187:Geography of North Korea 12142:List of islands of Korea 11964:Four Commanderies of Han 10660:January 9, 2006, at the 10175:"国家简介-国际-朝鲜民主主义人民共和国大使馆" 7684: 5556:10.1038/nature.2012.9972 5272:Arms Control Association 4358:. London. Archived from 3849:The Asia-Pacific Journal 3752:(last updated May 2019). 3716:Arms Control Association 3493: 3348:, including a series of 3323:, North Korean Chairman 2475:As of January 2013, the 2470: 2359: 2339:is reported to be where 2266:National Science Academy 1900:Jane's Information Group 1115:(IAEA) Director General 1106:Yongbyon nuclear reactor 13806:Special Operation Force 13613:Extraordinary rendition 13608:Extrajudicial prisoners 13019:Marriage in South Korea 12991:Religion in South Korea 12941:Religion in North Korea 12455:Politics of South Korea 12351:Workers' Party of Korea 12334:Politics of North Korea 12157:List of rivers of Korea 11971:Three Kingdoms of Korea 11426:Surface-to-air missiles 11107:Missiles of North Korea 10009:. CNN. April 25, 2009. 9822:August 1, 2017, at the 8089:. Stanford University. 7441:Joo, Seung-Hoo (2000). 6836:August 1, 2017, at the 6161:April 25, 2017, at the 5504:2012S&GS...20....1D 4725:– BGR, January 6, 2016. 4285:Yield estimates section 3293:International responses 3210:UAE Union Defence Force 3048:Workers' Party of Korea 2869:exclusive economic zone 2654:, through the official 2396:On August 8, 2017, the 2376:As of January 8, 2018, 2165:facility that recovers 2031: 1990: 1975: 1966:Workers' Party of Korea 1948: 1939: 1797: 1727: 1672: 1660: 1639: 1611:North Hamgyong Province 1586: 1206:Japanese Prime Minister 954:nuclear weapons program 759:North Korea and weapons 13946:Naval history of Korea 13842:Social Security Forces 13811:Missile General Bureau 13648:Operation Eagle Assist 13568:Clash of Civilizations 13115:Symbolism of terrorism 12996:Smoking in South Korea 12978:Culture of South Korea 12946:Smoking in North Korea 12928:Culture of North Korea 12636:Tourism in South Korea 12608:Economy of South Korea 12560:Tourism in North Korea 12537:Economy of North Korea 12497:Supreme Court of Korea 12317:Premier of North Korea 12210:Geology of North Korea 12172:Geology of South Korea 12147:List of lakes of Korea 12082:History of North Korea 12078:History of South Korea 11600:Air to ground missiles 8340:March 6, 2014, at the 6983:. September 14, 2017. 5993:. BBC. January 6, 2016 3356:. In 2018, Presidents 3332: 3245:Former export partners 2843: 2788:The French think tank 2640:bacillus thuringiensis 2450: 2092: 1904:thermonuclear/hydrogen 1763: 1688: 1524: 1228:Other nations and the 1148:U.S. Geological Survey 773: 13937:Korean Volunteer Army 13898:Supreme Guard Command 13643:Operation Noble Eagle 13480:2007 Lebanon conflict 12626:Energy in South Korea 12593:Mining in North Korea 12550:Energy in North Korea 10627:Jonathan D. Pollack, 10215:on September 27, 2011 9921:. September 16, 2021. 8962:. September 15, 2015. 8780:. Lancer Publishers. 8427:North Korea: Chemical 8066:Panda, Ankit (2020). 7685:북한내 핵실험 가능 추정지역 최소 8곳 7045:on September 12, 2012 7015:. September 3, 2017. 6140:. September 9, 2016. 5853:. February 14, 2013. 5354:February 5, 2013, at 5169:on December 12, 2016. 4697:. February 14, 2013. 4157:, July 8, 2011, p. 4. 4106:Jackson, Van (2018). 3762:Jackson, Van (2018). 3746:North Korea: Overview 3718:(updated August 2020) 3592:on September 13, 2017 3544:. September 3, 2017. 3350:sanctions resolutions 3318: 2841:North Korean missiles 2838: 2769:Joint Chiefs of Staff 2295:officials. President 2087: 1985:nuclear weapons state 1758: 1686: 1518: 1269:Nuclear weapon design 771: 108:Maximum missile range 13772:Korean People's Army 13460:Operation Linda Nchi 13404:OEF – Horn of Africa 13317:Islamic Courts Union 13266:Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi 13090:September 11 attacks 13024:Media of South Korea 13001:Sport in South Korea 12951:Sport in North Korea 12736:Aging of South Korea 12329:Korean People's Army 12011:Later Three Kingdoms 10696:Proliferation Papers 10632:Proliferation Papers 10091:on November 19, 2010 9826:26-second video clip 9360:Korea JoongAng Daily 8812:on February 20, 2012 8506:(February 24, 2017). 7805:. October 17, 2002. 6840:26-second video clip 6551:The Washington Times 4397:on February 24, 2012 3574:. September 3, 2017. 3431:Korean reunification 3205:United Arab Emirates 3132:) and the Rodong-1 ( 3042: – Road-mobile 2211:light water reactors 2080:Plutonium facilities 1251:This was not a full 1061:Clinton's presidency 960:of approximately 50 883:Korean People's Army 627:Nuclear-armed states 13883:Ministry of Defence 12888:Korean architecture 12865:Korean tea ceremony 12832:Korean martial arts 12583:North Korean famine 11489:Air to air missiles 10758:Nuclear North Korea 10609:. October 31, 2018. 10572:on December 4, 2010 10408:on February 7, 2012 10240:The Daily Telegraph 10147:印務局 Internet Team. 10122:"Hap Heng in Macau" 10065:on October 11, 2010 9965:. November 18, 2022 9939:. November 19, 2022 8576:The Daily Telegraph 8293:2018BuAtS..74a..41K 8152:. February 22, 2019 8009:2018BuAtS..74a..41K 7867:The Washington Post 7743:. August 24, 2005. 7634:on December 5, 2010 7550:on October 25, 2012 7409:. December 18, 2023 7341:. September 9, 2022 7297:. October 10, 2020. 7137:. November 28, 2017 6981:The Washington Post 6880:The Washington Post 6527:The Washington Post 6386:The Washington Post 6111:. September 9, 2016 6089:. January 7, 2016. 6049:no by-line.-->. 5680:10.1785/02201401170 5360:The Washington Post 5137:on February 6, 2016 4301:The Pyongyang Times 4230:The Washington Post 3877:. Routledge, 2000. 3812:The Washington Post 3656:. November 28, 2017 3360:of South Korea and 2648:dual-use technology 2420:Siegfried S. Hecker 2418:On August 7, 2017, 2414:Siegfried S. Hecker 2366:Nagasaki University 2299:and Prime minister 2099:are located at the 1955:Heritage Foundation 1869:The Washington Post 1812:2017 in North Korea 1234:UN Security Council 1121:second nuclear test 1067:in the late 1990s. 1046:UN Security Council 1024:fabrication plant. 903:Ryanggang explosion 763: 761:of mass destruction 13690:Unlawful combatant 13623:Iranian Revolution 13409:OEF – Trans Sahara 13384:War in Afghanistan 13241:Jalaluddin Haqqani 13236:Sirajuddin Haqqani 13162:Iraqi Armed Forces 12893:Korean calligraphy 12162:Provinces of Korea 12114:Geography of Korea 11936:Jin (Korean state) 11464:S-125 Neva/Pechora 11383:Anti-ship missiles 11206:Intermediate-range 10721:by Linus Hagström. 10434:on January 2, 2016 10294:The New York Times 10085:"KOMID and Taiwan" 10039:on August 29, 2010 9987:. December 2, 2017 9521:The New York Times 9294:mobile.twitter.com 9148:The New York Times 8980:The New York Times 8651:Washingtonpost.com 8119:The New York Times 7835:The New York Times 7660:. April 25, 2014. 7071:The New York Times 6805:The New York Times 6612:The New York Times 6584:The New York Times 6554:. April 27, 2016. 6498:. April 16, 2017. 6282:The New York Times 6222:. March 18, 2017. 6168:The New York Times 6086:The New York Times 6061:on January 7, 2016 6019:on March 13, 2016. 5937:The New York Times 5777:on August 9, 2014. 5715:10.1785/0120160111 5329:. October 14, 2006 5307:. April 24, 2012. 5193:on January 2, 2014 4552:. April 13, 2012. 4467:The New York Times 3933:on January 2, 2014 3901:on October 5, 2012 3404:North Korea portal 3333: 2844: 2728:ballistic missiles 2598:, passed in 2006. 2378:Hans M. Kristensen 2289:missile technology 2147:reactors (50 2132:), 2005, and 2007. 2093: 2051:. You can help by 1879:reported that the 1871:reported that the 1860:US Pacific Command 1764: 1708:In December 2015, 1689: 1567:uranium enrichment 1525: 1204:around the Earth. 1100:, but on July 14, 1079:first nuclear test 974:biological weapons 774: 757: 72:Largest yield test 13984: 13983: 13858:Supreme Commander 13851:Senior leadership 13731: 13730: 13628:Islamic terrorism 13493: 13492: 13389:OEF – Philippines 13359: 13358: 13355: 13354: 13312:Hizbul Mujahideen 13153:Northern Alliance 13045: 13044: 13041: 13040: 13037: 13036: 12903:Korean literature 12847:Religion in Korea 12842:Korean philosophy 12788: 12787: 12701: 12700: 12697: 12696: 12516: 12515: 12512: 12511: 12356:General Secretary 12260: 12259: 12256: 12255: 12103: 12102: 12099: 12098: 12058:Division of Korea 11812: 11811: 11699:Artillery rockets 11073: 11072: 10655:Nuclear Files.org 9180:. July 27, 2016. 9058:. August 21, 2019 9032:. August 21, 2019 9006:Schneider, Mark. 8722:978-0-8330-7621-2 8687:on August 6, 2024 8578:. July 15, 2015. 8177:. August 16, 2012 7578:978-0-8131-2323-3 7510:on April 20, 2022 7472:978-0-19-828009-5 7451:978-0-7734-7817-6 7431:. April 23, 2024. 7391:. March 28, 2023. 7377:. March 28, 2023. 7215:. August 21, 2019 6887:on August 8, 2017 6859:. July 31, 2017. 6812:on August 1, 2017 6780:. July 10, 2017. 6632:zh-en translation 6190:. March 6, 2017. 6154:Sang-Hun, Choe. " 6055:Channel News Asia 5647:. October 8, 2012 5592:Popular Mechanics 5410:on April 26, 2009 5219:. August 31, 1998 4819:Channel News Asia 4324:. July 16, 2007. 4082:. April 3, 2002. 2658:, challenged the 2607:Yeonpyeong Island 2501:chemical industry 2467:weapons anually. 2384:published in the 2285:Abdul Qadeer Khan 2163:Fuel reprocessing 2069: 2068: 1849:Pukchang airfield 1550:In May 1992, the 1245:In September 2017 1191:Ploughshares Fund 1187:Joseph Cirincione 1117:Mohamed ElBaradei 1009:nuclear weapons. 982:six nuclear tests 944: 943: 755: 754: 519:Nuclear explosion 490: 489: 129: 128: 103:50(2024 estimate) 67:September 3, 2017 64:Last nuclear test 58:September 3, 2017 14029: 13879: 13832:Red Youth Guards 13770: 13769: 13768: 13758: 13751: 13744: 13735: 13734: 13721: 13720: 13711: 13710: 13666:Targeted killing 13455:Iraqi insurgency 13375:Enduring Freedom 13368: 13367: 13327:Jemaah Islamiyah 13322:Jaish-e-Mohammed 13211: 13210: 13128: 13127: 13072: 13065: 13058: 13049: 13048: 12956:Arirang Festival 12856: 12837:Korean mythology 12807: 12806: 12799:Culture of Korea 12794: 12793: 12707: 12706: 12650: 12646:South Korean won 12574: 12570:North Korean won 12533: 12532: 12522: 12521: 12277: 12276: 12266: 12265: 12167:Regions of Korea 12137:Korean Peninsula 12122: 12121: 12109: 12108: 11988:Gaya confederacy 11883: 11882: 11875:History of Korea 11870: 11869: 11839: 11832: 11825: 11816: 11815: 11100: 11093: 11086: 11077: 11076: 10824:Agreed Framework 10788: 10781: 10774: 10765: 10764: 10611: 10610: 10597: 10582: 10581: 10579: 10577: 10568:. Archived from 10562: 10556: 10555: 10553: 10551: 10536: 10530: 10529: 10527: 10525: 10510: 10504: 10503: 10501: 10499: 10485: 10479: 10476: 10470: 10469: 10467: 10465: 10450: 10444: 10443: 10441: 10439: 10424: 10418: 10417: 10415: 10413: 10398: 10392: 10391: 10374: 10368: 10367: 10365: 10363: 10353: 10347: 10346: 10340: 10332: 10330: 10328: 10317: 10311: 10310: 10308: 10306: 10284: 10278: 10277: 10275: 10273: 10268:. August 2, 2024 10262: 10256: 10255: 10253: 10251: 10231: 10225: 10224: 10222: 10220: 10211:. Archived from 10201: 10195: 10194: 10192: 10190: 10171: 10165: 10164: 10162: 10160: 10151:. Bo.io.gov.mo. 10144: 10138: 10137: 10135: 10133: 10118: 10112: 10107: 10101: 10100: 10098: 10096: 10087:. Archived from 10081: 10075: 10074: 10072: 10070: 10061:. Archived from 10059:"KOMID and Iran" 10055: 10049: 10048: 10046: 10044: 10035:. 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Archived from 7620: 7614: 7613: 7611: 7609: 7604:on July 15, 2009 7600:. Archived from 7587: 7581: 7566: 7560: 7559: 7557: 7555: 7540: 7534: 7533: 7527: 7519: 7517: 7515: 7506:. Archived from 7500: 7494: 7481: 7475: 7460: 7454: 7439: 7433: 7432: 7425: 7419: 7418: 7416: 7414: 7399: 7393: 7392: 7385: 7379: 7378: 7371: 7365: 7364: 7357: 7351: 7350: 7348: 7346: 7331: 7325: 7324: 7322: 7320: 7305: 7299: 7298: 7291: 7285: 7284: 7282: 7280: 7265: 7259: 7258: 7256: 7254: 7231: 7225: 7224: 7222: 7220: 7206: 7200: 7199: 7197: 7195: 7180: 7174: 7173: 7171: 7169: 7153: 7147: 7146: 7144: 7142: 7127: 7121: 7115: 7109: 7108: 7106: 7104: 7089: 7083: 7082: 7080: 7078: 7061: 7055: 7054: 7052: 7050: 7041:. Archived from 7035: 7029: 7028: 7026: 7024: 7003: 6997: 6996: 6994: 6992: 6973: 6967: 6966: 6960: 6952: 6936: 6930: 6929: 6923: 6915: 6903: 6897: 6896: 6894: 6892: 6871: 6865: 6864: 6847: 6841: 6828: 6822: 6821: 6819: 6817: 6808:. 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Archived from 5185: 5177: 5171: 5170: 5168: 5161: 5153: 5147: 5146: 5144: 5142: 5121: 5115: 5114: 5107: 5101: 5100: 5097:"Search Results" 5093: 5087: 5086: 5084: 5082: 5067: 5061: 5060: 5058: 5056: 5041: 5035: 5034: 5032: 5030: 5013: 5007: 5006: 5004: 5002: 4982: 4973: 4972: 4970: 4968: 4952: 4946: 4933: 4927: 4926: 4915: 4909: 4908: 4906: 4904: 4883: 4877: 4871: 4862: 4861: 4859: 4857: 4841: 4835: 4834: 4832: 4830: 4811: 4805: 4804: 4789: 4778: 4777: 4775: 4773: 4758: 4752: 4751: 4749: 4747: 4732: 4726: 4720: 4711: 4710: 4708: 4706: 4685: 4679: 4678: 4672: 4664: 4662: 4660: 4649: 4643: 4642: 4640: 4638: 4626:The Korea Herald 4616: 4610: 4609: 4607: 4605: 4590: 4584: 4583: 4581: 4579: 4564: 4558: 4557: 4542: 4536: 4535: 4533: 4531: 4520: 4514: 4513: 4511: 4509: 4504:on March 4, 2012 4490: 4484: 4483: 4481: 4479: 4457: 4448: 4447: 4445: 4443: 4428: 4422: 4420: 4414: 4406: 4404: 4402: 4396: 4390:. 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March 6, 2017 9331: 9330: 9326: 9316: 9314: 9306: 9305: 9301: 9288: 9287: 9283: 9273: 9271: 9270:. July 24, 2024 9262: 9261: 9257: 9247: 9245: 9232: 9228: 9218: 9216: 9201: 9197: 9187: 9185: 9176: 9175: 9168: 9158: 9156: 9139: 9135: 9125: 9123: 9106: 9102: 9092: 9090: 9083:The Independent 9075: 9071: 9061: 9059: 9050: 9049: 9045: 9035: 9033: 9024: 9023: 9019: 9004: 9000: 8990: 8988: 8971: 8967: 8959:BBC News Online 8952: 8951: 8947: 8939: 8935: 8928: 8924: 8914: 8912: 8902: 8901: 8897: 8887: 8885: 8875: 8871: 8858: 8857: 8850: 8829: 8825: 8815: 8813: 8804: 8803: 8799: 8788: 8772: 8768: 8758: 8756: 8754:Washington Post 8746: 8742: 8732: 8730: 8725:. 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March 9, 2018 5266: 5265: 5261: 5254: 5236: 5232: 5222: 5220: 5211: 5210: 5206: 5196: 5194: 5190: 5183: 5179: 5178: 5174: 5166: 5159: 5155: 5154: 5150: 5140: 5138: 5123: 5122: 5118: 5109: 5108: 5104: 5095: 5094: 5090: 5080: 5078: 5068: 5064: 5054: 5052: 5042: 5038: 5028: 5026: 5015: 5014: 5010: 5000: 4998: 4983: 4976: 4966: 4964: 4953: 4949: 4943:Wayback Machine 4934: 4930: 4917: 4916: 4912: 4902: 4900: 4885: 4884: 4880: 4872: 4865: 4855: 4853: 4842: 4838: 4828: 4826: 4813: 4812: 4808: 4791: 4790: 4781: 4771: 4769: 4759: 4755: 4745: 4743: 4734: 4733: 4729: 4721: 4714: 4704: 4702: 4694:The Chosun Ilbo 4687: 4686: 4682: 4666: 4665: 4658: 4656: 4651: 4650: 4646: 4636: 4634: 4617: 4613: 4603: 4601: 4592: 4591: 4587: 4577: 4575: 4566: 4565: 4561: 4544: 4543: 4539: 4529: 4527: 4522: 4521: 4517: 4507: 4505: 4492: 4491: 4487: 4477: 4475: 4458: 4451: 4441: 4439: 4430: 4429: 4425: 4408: 4407: 4400: 4398: 4394: 4387: 4385:"Archived copy" 4383: 4382: 4375: 4365: 4363: 4362:on May 25, 2010 4345: 4341: 4331: 4329: 4314: 4313: 4309: 4297: 4296: 4289: 4283:Wayback Machine 4274: 4267: 4257: 4255: 4246: 4245: 4241: 4222: 4218: 4208: 4206: 4191: 4187: 4177: 4175: 4174:on May 26, 2013 4166: 4165: 4161: 4149:Washington Post 4147: 4143: 4128: 4104: 4100: 4089: 4087: 4078: 4077: 4073: 4063: 4061: 4052: 4051: 4047: 4036: 4034: 4029:. May 9, 2003. 4026:TheGuardian.com 4019: 4018: 4014: 4008:Wayback Machine 3999: 3995: 3978: 3977: 3960: 3944: 3943: 3936: 3934: 3930: 3923: 3921:"Archived copy" 3919: 3918: 3914: 3904: 3902: 3893: 3892: 3888: 3870: 3866: 3853: 3851: 3841: 3837: 3803: 3799: 3784: 3760: 3756: 3744: 3740: 3727: 3726: 3722: 3710: 3706: 3698: 3691: 3687: 3686: 3669: 3659: 3657: 3652: 3651: 3647: 3637: 3635: 3628: 3624: 3623: 3619: 3610: 3609: 3605: 3595: 3593: 3584: 3583: 3579: 3566: 3565: 3561: 3551: 3549: 3534: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3520: 3519: 3514: 3510: 3505: 3501: 3496: 3478: 3426:Korean conflict 3416: 3411: 3409: 3402: 3397: 3395: 3392: 3370: 3352:imposed by the 3342:six-party talks 3319:U.S. President 3313: 3311:Six-party talks 3295: 3279: 3277: 3274: 3265:Muammar Gaddafi 3252: 3250: 3247: 3231: 3229: 3217: 3215: 3199: 3197: 3171: 3169: 3153: 3151: 3115: 3113: 3093: 3091: 3085: 3083:Export partners 3057: 3034: 2892: 2833: 2712: 2707: 2697: 2689: 2688: 2601:After the 2010 2573:Geneva Protocol 2559:(GB) and other 2505:chemical weapon 2497: 2488: 2473: 2453: 2440: 2416: 2399:Washington Post 2394: 2374: 2362: 2357: 2343:is turned into 2333:US intelligence 2279:Prime minister 2274: 2183:Mol-Dessel site 2082: 2077: 2065: 2059: 2056: 2049:needs expansion 2034: 2005: 1999: 1993: 1978: 1951: 1942: 1867:August 8, 2017 1814: 1800: 1791: 1785: 1753: 1741: 1735: 1730: 1706: 1681: 1675: 1663: 1648: 1642: 1630:six-party talks 1623: 1615:Resolution 1718 1595: 1589: 1541:nuclear reactor 1513: 1512: 1511: 1510: 1457: 1454: 1453: 1449: 1447: 1443: 1440: 1433: 1430: 1428: 1424: 1421: 1418: 1416: 1412: 1409: 1406: 1404: 1400: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1388: 1385: 1382: 1380: 1376: 1373: 1370: 1368: 1364: 1361: 1358: 1356: 1352: 1349: 1346: 1344: 1340: 1337: 1334: 1332: 1328: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1316: 1313: 1310: 1308: 1306: 1302: 1299: 1292: 1282: 1276: 1271: 1265: 1263:Nuclear weapons 1222: 1094:six-party talks 1055:Under the 1994 1001: 994: 962:nuclear weapons 940: 760: 751: 702: 682: 672: 641: 496:Nuclear weapons 486: 48:October 9, 2006 23: 12: 11: 5: 14035: 14025: 14024: 14019: 14014: 14009: 14004: 13999: 13982: 13981: 13979: 13978: 13977: 13976: 13971: 13966: 13955: 13952: 13951: 13949: 13948: 13943: 13942: 13941: 13940: 13939: 13934: 13920: 13918: 13914: 13913: 13911: 13910: 13905: 13900: 13895: 13890: 13885: 13880: 13865: 13860: 13854: 13852: 13848: 13847: 13845: 13844: 13839: 13834: 13829: 13823: 13821: 13817: 13816: 13814: 13813: 13808: 13803: 13798: 13793: 13788: 13782: 13780: 13776: 13775: 13761: 13760: 13753: 13746: 13738: 13729: 13728: 13726: 13725: 13715: 13704: 13701: 13700: 13698: 13697: 13692: 13687: 13682: 13675: 13668: 13663: 13658: 13654:Situation Room 13650: 13645: 13640: 13635: 13630: 13625: 13620: 13615: 13610: 13605: 13600: 13595: 13590: 13585: 13580: 13575: 13570: 13565: 13560: 13555: 13549: 13547: 13543: 13542: 13540: 13539: 13534: 13529: 13524: 13519: 13514: 13508: 13501: 13499: 13495: 13494: 13491: 13490: 13488: 13487: 13482: 13477: 13472: 13467: 13462: 13457: 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11117: 11111: 11110: 11103: 11102: 11095: 11088: 11080: 11071: 11070: 11068: 11067: 11062: 11057: 11051: 11049: 11045: 11044: 11042: 11041: 11036: 11031: 11026: 11021: 11016: 11011: 11006: 11001: 10996: 10991: 10986: 10981: 10975: 10973: 10971:UN resolutions 10967: 10966: 10964: 10963: 10958: 10953: 10947: 10945: 10941: 10940: 10938: 10937: 10932: 10930:September 2016 10927: 10922: 10917: 10912: 10906: 10904: 10898: 10897: 10895: 10894: 10889: 10884: 10879: 10874: 10869: 10864: 10858: 10856: 10850: 10849: 10847: 10846: 10841: 10836: 10831: 10826: 10821: 10816: 10811: 10805: 10803: 10799: 10798: 10791: 10790: 10783: 10776: 10768: 10762: 10761: 10755: 10743: 10738: 10732: 10727: 10722: 10712: 10699: 10688: 10682: 10676: 10670: 10665: 10652: 10647: 10641: 10635: 10625: 10618: 10617:External links 10615: 10613: 10612: 10583: 10557: 10531: 10505: 10480: 10471: 10445: 10419: 10393: 10369: 10348: 10312: 10279: 10257: 10226: 10205:"Ko and Komid" 10196: 10179:People's Daily 10166: 10139: 10113: 10102: 10076: 10050: 10024: 9998: 9976: 9950: 9924: 9910: 9898: 9853: 9828: 9806: 9788: 9766: 9744: 9725: 9692: 9674: 9656: 9626: 9595: 9569: 9539: 9506: 9473: 9455: 9406: 9373: 9346: 9324: 9299: 9281: 9255: 9226: 9195: 9166: 9133: 9100: 9069: 9043: 9017: 8998: 8965: 8945: 8933: 8922: 8895: 8869: 8848: 8823: 8797: 8787:978-8170622451 8786: 8766: 8740: 8721: 8698: 8672: 8663: 8637: 8618: 8593: 8563: 8527: 8508: 8504:New York Times 8482: 8464: 8441: 8398: 8386: 8374: 8349: 8327: 8316: 8267: 8241: 8227: 8213: 8188: 8163: 8137: 8104: 8073: 8058: 8024: 7983: 7958: 7932: 7910: 7884: 7853: 7820: 7788: 7758: 7726: 7707: 7675: 7658:Brisbane Times 7645: 7615: 7582: 7561: 7535: 7495: 7476: 7455: 7434: 7420: 7394: 7380: 7366: 7352: 7326: 7300: 7286: 7260: 7226: 7201: 7175: 7148: 7122: 7110: 7084: 7056: 7030: 6998: 6968: 6931: 6898: 6866: 6842: 6823: 6787: 6760: 6734: 6711: 6689: 6667: 6637: 6635: 6634: 6597: 6569: 6537: 6513: 6481: 6463: 6438: 6419: 6396: 6372: 6339: 6306: 6267: 6237: 6205: 6173: 6147: 6122: 6096: 6072: 6041: 6022: 6004: 5978: 5955: 5922: 5892: 5868: 5836: 5806: 5780: 5762: 5751:. May 12, 2010 5736: 5693: 5674:(1): 138–145. 5658: 5632: 5604: 5578: 5533: 5475: 5447: 5421: 5395: 5364: 5340: 5314: 5285: 5259: 5252: 5230: 5204: 5172: 5148: 5116: 5102: 5088: 5062: 5036: 5008: 4974: 4947: 4928: 4910: 4878: 4863: 4836: 4806: 4779: 4753: 4727: 4712: 4680: 4644: 4611: 4585: 4559: 4537: 4515: 4485: 4449: 4423: 4373: 4339: 4307: 4287: 4265: 4239: 4216: 4185: 4159: 4141: 4126: 4098: 4071: 4045: 4012: 3993: 3958: 3912: 3886: 3864: 3835: 3797: 3782: 3754: 3738: 3720: 3704: 3667: 3645: 3617: 3603: 3577: 3559: 3526: 3524: 3521: 3518: 3517: 3508: 3498: 3497: 3495: 3492: 3491: 3490: 3485: 3473: 3468: 3463: 3458: 3453: 3448: 3443: 3438: 3433: 3428: 3422: 3421: 3407: 3391: 3388: 3369: 3366: 3294: 3291: 3290: 3289: 3286: 3273: 3270: 3269: 3268: 3261: 3259: 3246: 3243: 3242: 3241: 3238: 3227: 3224: 3213: 3206: 3195: 3180: 3178: 3167: 3160: 3149: 3128:), Hwasong-6 ( 3122: 3111: 3100: 3084: 3081: 3056: 3053: 3052: 3051: 3033: 3030: 3029: 3028: 3020: 3017:9K720 Iskander 3008: 3000: 2988: 2980: 2972: 2960: 2952: 2933: 2921: 2909: 2901: 2891: 2888: 2861:Rodong missile 2832: 2829: 2711: 2708: 2696: 2693: 2674:VX nerve agent 2625:Phosgene oxime 2543:. In 2009 the 2496: 2493: 2487: 2484: 2472: 2469: 2452: 2449: 2442:For 2013, the 2439: 2436: 2415: 2412: 2393: 2390: 2373: 2370: 2361: 2358: 2356: 2353: 2281:Benazir Bhutto 2273: 2270: 2262: 2261: 2258: 2255: 2244: 2243: 2240: 2237: 2191: 2190: 2160: 2140: 2139: 2134: 2133: 2117: 2081: 2078: 2076: 2073: 2067: 2066: 2046: 2044: 2033: 2030: 1992: 1989: 1977: 1974: 1950: 1947: 1941: 1938: 1831:Day of the Sun 1799: 1796: 1787:Main article: 1784: 1781: 1752: 1749: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1726: 1705: 1702: 1674: 1671: 1667:nuclear fusion 1662: 1659: 1641: 1638: 1622: 1619: 1588: 1585: 1532:constructed a 1506: 1455: 1448: 1441: 1434: 1429: 1422: 1417: 1410: 1405: 1398: 1393: 1386: 1381: 1374: 1369: 1362: 1357: 1350: 1345: 1338: 1333: 1326: 1321: 1314: 1307: 1300: 1293: 1286: 1285: 1284: 1283: 1275: 1272: 1264: 1261: 1230:United Nations 1033:high-explosive 1029:nuclear energy 993: 990: 942: 941: 939: 938: 931: 924: 916: 913: 912: 911: 910: 905: 900: 895: 890: 885: 880: 875: 869: 868: 864: 863: 862: 861: 856: 851: 849:2016 (January) 846: 841: 836: 826: 825: 824: 819: 814: 809: 804: 799: 794: 783: 782: 776: 775: 753: 752: 750: 749: 742: 735: 727: 724: 723: 722: 721: 716: 711: 706: 696: 695: 690: 685: 676: 666: 665: 660: 655: 653:United Kingdom 650: 645: 630: 629: 623: 622: 621: 620: 615: 610: 605: 600: 595: 590: 585: 580: 575: 569: 568: 563: 558: 552: 551: 546: 541: 536: 531: 526: 521: 513: 512: 508: 507: 499: 498: 488: 487: 485: 484: 477: 470: 462: 459: 458: 457: 456: 443: 442: 441: 440: 437:treaty parties 427: 426: 422: 421: 420: 419: 414: 409: 401: 400: 396: 395: 394: 393: 388: 383: 381:United Kingdom 378: 373: 368: 363: 358: 353: 348: 343: 338: 333: 323: 318: 313: 308: 303: 298: 293: 288: 283: 278: 273: 268: 263: 258: 253: 248: 243: 238: 233: 228: 223: 218: 213: 208: 203: 198: 193: 185: 184: 178: 177: 176: 175: 170: 165: 160: 152: 151: 147: 146: 138: 137: 127: 126: 123: 116: 115: 109: 105: 104: 101: 97: 96: 93: 89: 88: 87: 86: 73: 69: 68: 65: 61: 60: 55: 51: 50: 45: 41: 40: 32: 31: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 14034: 14023: 14020: 14018: 14015: 14013: 14010: 14008: 14005: 14003: 14000: 13998: 13995: 13994: 13992: 13975: 13972: 13970: 13967: 13965: 13962: 13961: 13960: 13957: 13956: 13953: 13947: 13944: 13938: 13935: 13932: 13931: 13930: 13927: 13926: 13925: 13922: 13921: 13919: 13915: 13909: 13906: 13904: 13901: 13899: 13896: 13894: 13891: 13889: 13886: 13884: 13881: 13877: 13876: 13869: 13866: 13864: 13861: 13859: 13856: 13855: 13853: 13849: 13843: 13840: 13838: 13835: 13833: 13830: 13828: 13825: 13824: 13822: 13818: 13812: 13809: 13807: 13804: 13802: 13799: 13797: 13794: 13792: 13789: 13787: 13784: 13783: 13781: 13779:Active forces 13777: 13773: 13759: 13754: 13752: 13747: 13745: 13740: 13739: 13736: 13724: 13716: 13714: 13706: 13705: 13702: 13696: 13693: 13691: 13688: 13686: 13683: 13681: 13680: 13676: 13674: 13673: 13669: 13667: 13664: 13662: 13659: 13657: 13655: 13651: 13649: 13646: 13644: 13641: 13639: 13636: 13634: 13631: 13629: 13626: 13624: 13621: 13619: 13616: 13614: 13611: 13609: 13606: 13604: 13601: 13599: 13596: 13594: 13591: 13589: 13586: 13584: 13581: 13579: 13576: 13574: 13571: 13569: 13566: 13564: 13563:Bush Doctrine 13561: 13559: 13556: 13554: 13551: 13550: 13548: 13544: 13538: 13535: 13533: 13530: 13528: 13525: 13523: 13520: 13518: 13515: 13512: 13511:Torture Memos 13509: 13506: 13503: 13502: 13500: 13496: 13486: 13483: 13481: 13478: 13476: 13473: 13471: 13468: 13466: 13463: 13461: 13458: 13456: 13453: 13451: 13448: 13446: 13443: 13441: 13438: 13436: 13433: 13431: 13428: 13427: 13425: 13421: 13415: 13412: 13410: 13407: 13405: 13402: 13400: 13397: 13395: 13392: 13390: 13387: 13385: 13382: 13381: 13379: 13377: 13376: 13369: 13366: 13362: 13348: 13347:Islamic State 13345: 13343: 13340: 13338: 13335: 13333: 13330: 13328: 13325: 13323: 13320: 13318: 13315: 13313: 13310: 13308: 13305: 13303: 13300: 13298: 13295: 13293: 13290: 13288: 13285: 13283: 13280: 13279: 13277: 13273: 13267: 13264: 13262: 13259: 13257: 13254: 13252: 13249: 13247: 13244: 13242: 13239: 13237: 13234: 13232: 13229: 13227: 13224: 13222: 13219: 13218: 13216: 13212: 13209: 13205: 13199: 13196: 13194: 13191: 13189: 13186: 13184: 13183:United States 13181: 13179: 13176: 13174: 13171: 13169: 13166: 13163: 13159: 13156: 13154: 13151: 13149: 13146: 13144: 13141: 13139: 13136: 13135: 13133: 13129: 13126: 13122: 13116: 13113: 13110: 13107:(2003–2011) ( 13106: 13103: 13100: 13096: 13093: 13091: 13088: 13087: 13084: 13080: 13079:War on terror 13073: 13068: 13066: 13061: 13059: 13054: 13053: 13050: 13030: 13027: 13025: 13022: 13020: 13017: 13015: 13012: 13010: 13007: 13004: 13002: 12999: 12997: 12994: 12992: 12989: 12987: 12984: 12983: 12981: 12979: 12975: 12969: 12966: 12964: 12963: 12959: 12957: 12954: 12952: 12949: 12947: 12944: 12942: 12939: 12937: 12934: 12933: 12931: 12929: 12925: 12919: 12916: 12914: 12911: 12909: 12906: 12904: 12901: 12899: 12896: 12894: 12891: 12889: 12886: 12885: 12883: 12881: 12877: 12871: 12868: 12866: 12863: 12861: 12858: 12853: 12850: 12848: 12845: 12843: 12840: 12838: 12835: 12833: 12830: 12828: 12825: 12823: 12820: 12818: 12815: 12814: 12812: 12808: 12804: 12800: 12795: 12791: 12781: 12778: 12774: 12771: 12769: 12766: 12765: 12764: 12761: 12759: 12756: 12752: 12749: 12747: 12744: 12742: 12739: 12737: 12734: 12733: 12732: 12729: 12727: 12724: 12722: 12719: 12718: 12715: 12708: 12704: 12690: 12687: 12685: 12682: 12680: 12677: 12675: 12672: 12670: 12667: 12665: 12662: 12660: 12657: 12655: 12652: 12647: 12644: 12642: 12639: 12637: 12634: 12632: 12629: 12627: 12624: 12622: 12619: 12617: 12614: 12613: 12611: 12609: 12605: 12599: 12596: 12594: 12591: 12589: 12586: 12584: 12581: 12579: 12576: 12571: 12568: 12566: 12563: 12561: 12558: 12556: 12553: 12551: 12548: 12546: 12543: 12542: 12540: 12538: 12534: 12530: 12523: 12519: 12503: 12500: 12498: 12495: 12494: 12493: 12490: 12488: 12485: 12483: 12480: 12476: 12473: 12471: 12468: 12466: 12463: 12461: 12458: 12457: 12456: 12453: 12451: 12448: 12446: 12443: 12439: 12436: 12434: 12431: 12430: 12429: 12426: 12424: 12421: 12419: 12416: 12414: 12411: 12410: 12408: 12404: 12398: 12395: 12393: 12390: 12386: 12383: 12382: 12381: 12378: 12376: 12375: 12371: 12367: 12364: 12362: 12359: 12357: 12354: 12353: 12352: 12349: 12345: 12342: 12340: 12337: 12336: 12335: 12332: 12330: 12327: 12325: 12322: 12318: 12315: 12313: 12310: 12308: 12305: 12304: 12303: 12300: 12298: 12295: 12293: 12290: 12288: 12285: 12284: 12282: 12278: 12274: 12267: 12263: 12249: 12246: 12244: 12241: 12239: 12236: 12234: 12231: 12229: 12226: 12225: 12223: 12221: 12217: 12211: 12208: 12206: 12203: 12201: 12198: 12196: 12193: 12192: 12190: 12188: 12184: 12178: 12175: 12173: 12170: 12168: 12165: 12163: 12160: 12158: 12155: 12153: 12150: 12148: 12145: 12143: 12140: 12138: 12135: 12133: 12130: 12129: 12127: 12123: 12119: 12115: 12110: 12106: 12092: 12088: 12085: 12083: 12079: 12076: 12072: 12068: 12064: 12061: 12060: 12059: 12056: 12052: 12049: 12048: 12047: 12044: 12042: 12041:Korean Empire 12039: 12037: 12034: 12032: 12029: 12025: 12021: 12017: 12014: 12013: 12012: 12009: 12005: 12001: 11998: 11997: 11996: 11993: 11989: 11985: 11981: 11977: 11974: 11973: 11972: 11969: 11965: 11961: 11957: 11953: 11949: 11946: 11945: 11944: 11941: 11937: 11933: 11929: 11925: 11924:Dangun Joseon 11922: 11921: 11920: 11917: 11916: 11914: 11910: 11904: 11901: 11899: 11896: 11894: 11891: 11890: 11888: 11884: 11880: 11876: 11871: 11867: 11861: 11858: 11856: 11853: 11852: 11849: 11840: 11835: 11833: 11828: 11826: 11821: 11820: 11817: 11806: 11802: 11796: 11790: 11787: 11785: 11782: 11780: 11777: 11775: 11772: 11770: 11767: 11765: 11762: 11760: 11757: 11756: 11754: 11752: 11751:Missile tests 11748: 11742: 11739: 11737: 11734: 11732: 11729: 11727: 11724: 11722: 11719: 11717: 11714: 11712: 11709: 11708: 11706: 11704: 11700: 11696: 11690: 11687: 11685: 11682: 11680: 11677: 11676: 11674: 11672: 11668: 11662: 11659: 11657: 11654: 11653: 11651: 11649: 11645: 11639: 11636: 11634: 11631: 11629: 11626: 11624: 11621: 11619: 11616: 11614: 11611: 11609: 11606: 11605: 11603: 11601: 11597: 11591: 11588: 11586: 11583: 11581: 11578: 11576: 11575:AT-5 Bulsae-3 11573: 11571: 11570:AT-4 Bulsae-2 11568: 11566: 11563: 11561: 11558: 11556: 11553: 11552: 11550: 11548: 11544: 11538: 11535: 11533: 11530: 11528: 11525: 11523: 11520: 11518: 11515: 11513: 11510: 11508: 11505: 11503: 11500: 11498: 11495: 11494: 11492: 11490: 11486: 11480: 11477: 11475: 11472: 11470: 11467: 11465: 11462: 11460: 11457: 11455: 11452: 11450: 11447: 11445: 11442: 11440: 11437: 11435: 11432: 11431: 11429: 11427: 11423: 11417: 11414: 11412: 11409: 11407: 11404: 11402: 11399: 11397: 11394: 11392: 11389: 11388: 11386: 11384: 11380: 11374: 11371: 11369: 11366: 11364: 11361: 11359: 11356: 11354: 11351: 11349: 11346: 11344: 11341: 11340: 11338: 11336: 11332: 11326: 11323: 11321: 11318: 11316: 11313: 11311: 11308: 11306: 11303: 11302: 11300: 11298: 11294: 11288: 11285: 11283: 11280: 11278: 11275: 11273: 11270: 11268: 11265: 11263: 11260: 11258: 11255: 11254: 11252: 11250: 11246: 11240: 11237: 11235: 11232: 11230: 11227: 11225: 11222: 11220: 11217: 11215: 11212: 11211: 11209: 11207: 11203: 11197: 11194: 11192: 11189: 11187: 11184: 11183: 11181: 11179: 11175: 11169: 11168:OTR-21 Tochka 11166: 11164: 11161: 11159: 11156: 11154: 11151: 11149: 11146: 11144: 11141: 11139: 11136: 11134: 11131: 11129: 11126: 11124: 11121: 11120: 11118: 11116: 11112: 11108: 11101: 11096: 11094: 11089: 11087: 11082: 11081: 11078: 11066: 11063: 11061: 11058: 11056: 11053: 11052: 11050: 11046: 11040: 11037: 11035: 11032: 11030: 11027: 11025: 11022: 11020: 11017: 11015: 11012: 11010: 11007: 11005: 11002: 11000: 10997: 10995: 10992: 10990: 10987: 10985: 10982: 10980: 10977: 10976: 10974: 10972: 10968: 10962: 10959: 10957: 10954: 10952: 10949: 10948: 10946: 10942: 10936: 10933: 10931: 10928: 10926: 10923: 10921: 10918: 10916: 10913: 10911: 10908: 10907: 10905: 10903: 10902:Nuclear tests 10899: 10893: 10890: 10888: 10885: 10883: 10880: 10878: 10875: 10873: 10870: 10868: 10865: 10863: 10860: 10859: 10857: 10855: 10854:Missile tests 10851: 10845: 10842: 10840: 10837: 10835: 10832: 10830: 10827: 10825: 10822: 10820: 10817: 10815: 10812: 10810: 10807: 10806: 10804: 10800: 10796: 10789: 10784: 10782: 10777: 10775: 10770: 10769: 10766: 10759: 10756: 10754: 10750: 10747: 10744: 10742: 10739: 10736: 10733: 10731: 10728: 10726: 10723: 10720: 10716: 10713: 10710: 10709: 10704: 10700: 10697: 10693: 10689: 10686: 10685:TIME Archives 10683: 10680: 10677: 10674: 10671: 10669: 10666: 10663: 10659: 10656: 10653: 10651: 10648: 10645: 10642: 10639: 10636: 10633: 10630: 10626: 10624: 10621: 10620: 10608: 10607: 10602: 10596: 10594: 10592: 10590: 10588: 10571: 10567: 10561: 10545: 10541: 10540:"IISS report" 10535: 10519: 10515: 10509: 10494: 10490: 10484: 10475: 10460: 10456: 10449: 10433: 10429: 10423: 10407: 10403: 10397: 10389: 10385: 10384: 10379: 10373: 10358: 10352: 10344: 10338: 10323: 10316: 10300: 10296: 10295: 10290: 10283: 10267: 10261: 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Hyten 2770: 2765: 2761: 2759: 2755: 2754:North Vietnam 2751: 2746: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2731: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2706: 2702: 2692: 2685: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2671: 2666: 2663: 2661: 2660:U.S. Congress 2657: 2653: 2649: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2633: 2628: 2626: 2622: 2617: 2616:civil defense 2612: 2608: 2604: 2599: 2597: 2592: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2569: 2566: 2562: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2538: 2537:blister agent 2534: 2530: 2525: 2520: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2492: 2483: 2480: 2478: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2458: 2448: 2445: 2435: 2432: 2430: 2425: 2421: 2411: 2407: 2405: 2401: 2400: 2389: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2369: 2367: 2352: 2348: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2331:/Chollima by 2330: 2325: 2321: 2319: 2313: 2309: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2277: 2269: 2267: 2259: 2256: 2252: 2251: 2250: 2247: 2241: 2238: 2235: 2234: 2233: 2230: 2226: 2223: 2218: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2161: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2141: 2136: 2135: 2131: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2115: 2110: 2109: 2108: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2091: 2086: 2072: 2063: 2054: 2050: 2047:This section 2045: 2042: 2038: 2037: 2029: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2009: 2004: 1998: 1988: 1986: 1981: 1973: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1958: 1956: 1946: 1937: 1933: 1931: 1927: 1921: 1919: 1915: 1910: 1908: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1895: 1889: 1886: 1882: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1864: 1861: 1857: 1852: 1850: 1845: 1841: 1839: 1834: 1832: 1827: 1824: 1823:Rex Tillerson 1820: 1813: 1809: 1805: 1795: 1790: 1780: 1777: 1772: 1769: 1761: 1757: 1748: 1746: 1740: 1725: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1714:hydrogen bomb 1711: 1701: 1699: 1694: 1685: 1680: 1670: 1668: 1658: 1656: 1651: 1647: 1637: 1635: 1631: 1626: 1618: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1594: 1584: 1582: 1577: 1573: 1568: 1563: 1560: 1555: 1553: 1548: 1546: 1542: 1539: 1535: 1530: 1522: 1517: 1509: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1451: 1438: 1297: 1290: 1281: 1270: 1260: 1258: 1254: 1248: 1246: 1241: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1226: 1218: 1215: 1210: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1194: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1178: 1176: 1175:hydrogen bomb 1172: 1168: 1163: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1144: 1141: 1136: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1109: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1090: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1075: 1072: 1068: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1053: 1051: 1047: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1025: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1010: 1007: 999: 989: 987: 983: 979: 975: 971: 967: 963: 959: 955: 952: 948: 937: 932: 930: 925: 923: 918: 917: 915: 914: 909: 906: 904: 901: 899: 896: 894: 891: 889: 886: 884: 881: 879: 876: 874: 871: 870: 866: 865: 860: 857: 855: 852: 850: 847: 845: 842: 840: 837: 835: 832: 831: 830: 829:Nuclear tests 827: 823: 820: 818: 815: 813: 810: 808: 805: 803: 800: 798: 795: 793: 790: 789: 788: 787:Missile tests 785: 784: 780: 779: 778: 777: 770: 766: 765: 762: 748: 743: 741: 736: 734: 729: 728: 726: 725: 720: 717: 715: 712: 710: 707: 705: 701: 698: 697: 694: 691: 689: 686: 680: 677: 675: 671: 668: 667: 664: 661: 659: 656: 654: 651: 649: 646: 644: 643:United States 640: 638: 634: 633: 632: 631: 628: 625: 624: 619: 616: 614: 611: 609: 606: 604: 601: 599: 598:Proliferation 596: 594: 591: 589: 586: 584: 581: 579: 576: 574: 571: 570: 567: 564: 562: 559: 557: 554: 553: 550: 547: 545: 542: 540: 537: 535: 532: 530: 527: 525: 522: 520: 517: 516: 515: 514: 510: 509: 505: 501: 500: 497: 494: 493: 483: 478: 476: 471: 469: 464: 463: 461: 460: 455: 447: 446: 445: 444: 438: 434: 431: 430: 429: 428: 424: 423: 418: 415: 413: 410: 408: 405: 404: 403: 402: 399:Proliferation 398: 397: 392: 389: 387: 386:United States 384: 382: 379: 377: 374: 372: 369: 367: 364: 362: 359: 357: 354: 352: 349: 347: 344: 342: 339: 337: 334: 331: 327: 324: 322: 319: 317: 314: 312: 309: 307: 304: 302: 299: 297: 294: 292: 289: 287: 284: 282: 279: 277: 274: 272: 269: 267: 264: 262: 259: 257: 254: 252: 249: 247: 244: 242: 239: 237: 234: 232: 229: 227: 224: 222: 219: 217: 214: 212: 209: 207: 204: 202: 199: 197: 194: 192: 189: 188: 187: 186: 183: 180: 179: 174: 171: 169: 166: 164: 161: 159: 156: 155: 154: 153: 149: 148: 144: 140: 139: 136: 133: 132: 124: 121: 117: 114: 110: 106: 102: 98: 94: 90: 84: 80: 76: 75: 74: 70: 66: 62: 59: 56: 52: 49: 46: 42: 38: 33: 28: 25: 21: 16: 13973: 13968: 13963: 13958: 13872: 13786:Ground Force 13677: 13670: 13653: 13637: 13558:Axis of evil 13374: 13246:Anas Haqqani 13124:Participants 12960: 12898:Korean drama 12860:Korean sword 12711:Demographics 12391: 12372: 12080: / 12069: / 12065: / 12022: / 12020:Later Baekje 12018: / 12002: / 11986: / 11982: / 11978: / 11962: / 11958: / 11954: / 11950: / 11934: / 11932:Wiman Joseon 11930: / 11926: / 11801:South Korean 11325:Pukguksong-6 11320:Pukguksong-5 11315:Pukguksong-4 11310:Pukguksong-3 11305:Pukguksong-1 11196:Pukguksong-2 11178:Medium-range 11153:Hwasong-11Ga 10925:January 2016 10794: 10706: 10695: 10631: 10604: 10574:. 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London. 3523:References 3297:See also: 3024:Hwasong-17 3004:Hwasong-15 2992:Hwasong-14 2984:Hwasong-12 2956:Hwasong-11 2937:Hwasong-10 2739:Hwasong-10 2699:See also: 2509:Korean War 2345:yellowcake 2177:using the 2175:spent fuel 2060:April 2024 1995:See also: 1885:Hwasong-14 1802:See also: 1768:IHS Jane's 1737:See also: 1677:See also: 1644:See also: 1591:See also: 1278:See also: 1267:See also: 1209:Shinzō Abe 1133:earthquake 1004:asked the 714:Kazakhstan 639:recognized 613:Opposition 511:Background 391:Yugoslavia 182:By country 158:Biological 113:Hwasong-17 13873:formerly 13796:Air Force 13372:Operation 13364:Conflicts 12758:Koreatown 12361:Politburo 11789:2021–2023 11648:Torpedoes 11479:2K11 Krug 11411:Kumsong-3 11363:Kumsong-3 11214:Hwasong-8 11186:Hwasong-7 11143:Hwasong-9 11138:Hwasong-6 11133:Hwasong-5 10892:2021–2023 10514:"Missile" 10464:March 15, 10272:August 3, 9963:France 24 9937:France 24 9887:cite news 9396:April 10, 9290:"Twitter" 9219:April 23, 9188:August 4, 9159:August 4, 9126:March 18, 8991:April 11, 8759:March 15, 8691:August 6, 8546:VICE News 8311:0096-3402 8260:April 16, 7690:BreakNews 7319:March 27, 7248:0261-3077 7189:Bloomberg 6957:cite news 6590:April 28, 6562:April 28, 6506:April 16, 6295:cite news 6260:April 14, 6250:USA TODAY 6230:March 18, 6115:March 18, 5791:. CTBTO. 5723:0037-1106 5688:0895-0695 5573:129014232 5565:1744-7933 5528:219717070 5520:0892-9882 5414:April 25, 5333:March 14, 5278:March 14, 5223:March 14, 4354:The Times 4136:226885565 3829:Q97341972 3821:0190-8286 3792:226885565 3633:Sipri.org 3164:Islamabad 3104:Hwasong-5 2930:Hwasong-6 2925:Hwasong-9 2913:Hwasong-7 2905:Hwasong-6 2897:Hwasong-5 2758:Uzi Rubin 2724:Hwasong-5 2668:In 2017, 2171:plutonium 2105:Pyongyang 2024:launched 1745:UTC+08:30 1693:magnitude 1583:in 2003. 1576:fuel rods 1534:plutonium 1523:equipment 1125:Mantapsan 986:sanctions 822:2021–2023 608:Terrorism 593:Espionage 588:Blackmail 583:Arms race 206:Australia 201:Argentina 13969:Chemical 13713:Category 13633:Islamism 13573:Cold War 13498:Policies 13450:Iraq War 13282:al-Qaeda 13275:Factions 13198:Ethiopia 13173:Pakistan 13105:Iraq War 12270:Politics 11976:Goguryeo 11919:Gojoseon 11537:K-9 R-38 11469:2K12 Kub 11439:Pongae-6 11434:Pongae-5 11401:Hwasal-2 11353:Hwasal-2 11123:2K6 Luna 10749:Archived 10658:Archived 10576:March 1, 10550:March 1, 10544:Archived 10493:CSIS.org 10412:March 1, 10388:Archived 10383:BBC News 10362:June 11, 10337:cite web 10327:June 11, 10299:Archived 10250:March 1, 10244:Archived 10219:March 1, 10189:March 1, 10183:Archived 10159:March 1, 10153:Archived 10132:March 1, 10126:Archived 10017:March 1, 10011:Archived 9991:June 11, 9871:Archived 9848:Archived 9843:38 North 9820:Archived 9801:Archived 9783:Archived 9761:Archived 9739:Archived 9714:cite web 9706:Archived 9687:Archived 9669:Archived 9643:Archived 9613:Archived 9582:Archived 9556:Archived 9552:ABC News 9526:Archived 9493:Archived 9488:38 North 9468:Archived 9444:cite web 9434:June 23, 9425:Archived 9390:Archived 9366:June 11, 9339:June 11, 9317:June 11, 9274:July 25, 9248:July 27, 9241:38 North 9213:Archived 9182:Archived 9153:Archived 9120:Archived 9093:July 11, 9087:Archived 9012:Archived 8985:Archived 8915:March 1, 8909:BBC News 8888:March 1, 8843:Archived 8816:March 1, 8792:Archived 8727:Archived 8632:Archived 8613:Archived 8608:HuffPost 8580:Archived 8550:Archived 8519:Archived 8497:Archived 8477:Archived 8459:Archived 8430:Archived 8367:June 16, 8338:Archived 8254:Archived 8181:March 7, 8156:June 16, 8124:Archived 8091:Archived 8045:Archived 7976:June 16, 7951:March 1, 7924:38 North 7903:July 16, 7877:March 1, 7871:Archived 7846:March 1, 7840:Archived 7807:Archived 7802:BBC News 7781:March 1, 7775:Archived 7771:ABC News 7751:March 1, 7745:Archived 7740:BBC News 7718:Archived 7694:Archived 7662:Archived 7524:cite web 7514:June 20, 7487:Archived 7339:BBC News 7273:NBC News 7194:June 12, 7168:June 12, 7135:Fox News 7049:March 1, 7017:Archived 7012:BBC News 6985:Archived 6949:Archived 6920:cite web 6912:Archived 6891:March 1, 6861:Archived 6856:38 North 6834:Archived 6816:March 1, 6782:Archived 6777:38 North 6755:Archived 6729:Archived 6706:Archived 6684:Archived 6654:Archived 6556:Archived 6532:Archived 6500:Archived 6495:BBC News 6476:Archived 6458:Archived 6433:Archived 6414:Archived 6391:Archived 6361:cite web 6353:Archived 6328:cite web 6320:Archived 6287:Archived 6254:Archived 6224:Archived 6219:BBC News 6198:March 6, 6192:Archived 6187:BBC News 6159:Archived 6142:Archived 6109:Fox News 6091:Archived 6036:Archived 5973:Archived 5942:Archived 5909:Archived 5885:June 11, 5855:Archived 5823:Archived 5793:Archived 5749:Phys.org 5619:38 North 5382:Archived 5352:Archived 5309:Archived 5304:BBC News 5022:38 North 5001:July 28, 4995:Archived 4967:July 11, 4961:Archived 4939:Archived 4923:Archived 4897:Archived 4892:BBC News 4850:Archived 4823:Archived 4801:Archived 4740:Archived 4699:Archived 4669:cite web 4631:Archived 4598:Archived 4572:Archived 4554:Archived 4530:March 3, 4508:March 3, 4472:Archived 4436:Archived 4411:cite web 4332:July 16, 4326:Archived 4321:BBC News 4279:Archived 4252:Archived 4234:Archived 4209:March 8, 4203:Archived 4178:March 8, 4084:Archived 4064:March 1, 4031:Archived 4004:Archived 3988:Archived 3984:iaea.org 3947:cite web 3854:April 4, 3825:Wikidata 3733:Archived 3696:Archived 3660:June 11, 3638:March 1, 3546:Archived 3541:BBC News 3390:See also 3381:and the 3159:Pakistan 3134:Shahab-3 3130:Shahab-2 3126:Shahab-1 3110:program. 3032:Untested 2942:R-27 Zyb 2794:accuracy 2682:Malaysia 2621:Lewisite 2337:Pyongsan 2215:fuel oil 1856:Banghyon 1603:kilotons 1545:Yongbyon 1311:1.2miles 1274:Overview 1185:," said 1022:fuel rod 970:chemical 951:military 867:See also 709:Belarus 688:Pakistan 573:Arsenals 544:Delivery 454:Category 425:Treaties 417:Missiles 407:Chemical 316:Rhodesia 301:Pakistan 216:Bulgaria 163:Chemical 13974:Nuclear 13917:History 13723:Commons 13546:Related 13337:Taliban 13207:Targets 12852:Ssireum 12810:General 12721:Koreans 12654:Chaebol 12526:Economy 12132:Borders 12125:General 12016:Taebong 11886:General 11741:Type 63 11689:WS51200 11684:MAZ-547 11679:MAZ-543 11656:SAET-60 11512:R-73/74 11502:R-23/24 11229:HsM T 2 11048:Related 10518:nti.org 10124:. CNN. 9619:July 4, 9588:July 3, 9562:May 15, 9532:May 22, 9499:May 22, 9268:Reuters 9115:Reuters 9030:Reuters 8883:Cnn.com 8838:NK News 8455:Reuters 8289:Bibcode 8252:. CNN. 8206:May 15, 8150:AP News 8005:Bibcode 7946:Cnn.com 7213:Reuters 7098:CNN.com 6945:Reuters 6751:Reuters 6660:July 7, 6650:Reuters 6623:July 4, 6431:. CNN. 6034:. CNN. 5755:June 8, 5731:1525309 5651:June 8, 5625:June 8, 5597:June 8, 5500:Bibcode 5468:June 8, 5440:May 25, 5099:. USGS. 5050:Reuters 4550:Reuters 4356:(Tokyo) 3285:Nigeria 3223:Vietnam 2710:History 2644:anthrax 2583:to the 2329:Kangson 2167:uranium 2153:Taechon 1968:, with 1926:Sain Ni 1501:: 1495:2016-09 1493:: 1487:2016-01 1485:: 1477:: 1469:: 1461:: 1183:tritium 1152:seismic 1087:kiloton 992:History 958:arsenal 719:Ukraine 561:Workers 556:Effects 539:Testing 529:Warfare 524:History 412:Nuclear 376:Ukraine 321:Romania 286:Myanmar 241:Germany 196:Algeria 191:Albania 168:Nuclear 150:By type 13513:(2002) 13507:(2001) 12768:Hangul 12036:Joseon 12031:Goryeo 12004:Balhae 11980:Baekje 11960:Samhan 11956:Dongye 11736:M-1985 11726:BMD-20 11497:R/K-13 10242:. 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