712:
2364:
24:
730:
2425:
minefield represented 35 percent of all
British minelaying effort during the war. The Northern Barrage had failed to justify its existence and had often been more dangerous to Allied forces than to the Germans. Afterwards more effort was deployed on offensive minelaying by submarines, motor launches and aircraft, which proved far more effective.
935:
The Mk XX mine became available in early 1941 with a copper wire antenna extended 60 feet (18 m) above the explosive casing by a buoyant float and a lower antenna extending 74 feet (23 m) below the casing. Minelaying progressed with new fields laid north and south of the
Faeroes and in the
775:
The objective of a defensive minefield is to restrict movement of enemy ships into areas used by friendly shipping. The assumed presence of a minefield may have a morale effect of assumed risk in addition to actually damaging ships attempting to cross the field. In July 1939, before World War II had
832:
to the north and the
Atlantic Ocean to the south. The ridge top is less than 500 metres (1,600 ft) below the surface and significantly shallower east of Iceland and on the Faeroe shelf. Channels are 850 metres (2,790 ft) deep between the Faeroe shelf and Scotland and in the Denmark Strait
2424:
The programme was cancelled and apart from the laying of an additional field at the entrance to the
Denmark Strait, the only minelaying approved was a series of deep fields at the northern end of the Faeroes–Iceland gap. The First Minelaying Squadron was disbanded after laying 92,083 mines. The
2382:
at meetings in
January and July 1943. Escorts allocated to protecting the minelayers had created a shortage of convoy escorts. The barrage had proved difficult to maintain and there were no survivors to verify sinking of U-boats by the northern mine barrage; although it may have claimed several
827:
American Mk 6 mines had been used for the deeper water portions of the World War I mine barrage. The Royal Navy standard Mk XVII mine inventory available for use at the outbreak of World War II lacked an antenna fuze. The Mk XVII mine could be suspended at depths as great as 300 feet (91 m)
828:
below the surface anchored in water as deep as 6,000 feet (1,800 m). Those depth capabilities suggested the possibility of laying mines along the
Iceland–Faeroes Ridge, a submerged mountain range between Iceland and the Faeroe Islands which separates the deeper portions of the
845:
Maintaining precise records of minefield locations is an important element of defensive minefields, since these minefields are often close to waters traditionally used by friendly shipping. Most defensive minefields had historically been within visual distance of
951:
laid the first M Mk I moored magnetic mines and became a regular participant in first
Minelaying Squadron missions from May through November 1942. Portions of the Denmark Strait minefield damaged by ice were relaid with M Mk I moored magnetic mines.
808:. The ability of a submarine to submerge under that depth would require layers of contact-fuzed mines at differing depths to afford equal probability of destruction. The World War I mine barrage had reduced the number of mines required by using a
940:
was damaged by detonation of a drifting Mk XX mine on 6 February 1941. Intelligence reports in July indicated that U-boats were using the
Faeroes–Iceland passage, so a series of deep anti-submarine fields were laid north-west of the Faeroes.
931:
provided necessary escorts for the minelayers. The first minelaying mission left port ZA on 18 October 1940, and 10,300 conventional contact mines were laid at the southern end of the
Iceland–Faeroes Ridge before the end of the year.
2858:
2437:
unless protected by burial in anaerobic sediment; but the cast explosive charge may still be intact. The most commonly used mines included 227 kilograms (500 lb) or 137 kilograms (302 lb) of explosives.
803:
explosive charge within a buoyant shell suspended over an anchor attached by a wire rope. Use of such mines against surface ships required the mine to be suspended at a depth no greater than the ship's
2355:
could be salvaged. The value of the
Northern Barrage was questioned following the accident, though new fields were laid south of Iceland, before starting new deep fields on the Faeroes shelf.
936:
Denmark Strait using Mk XX mines wherever its 134 feet (41 m) depth coverage would reduce the number of mines required. Additional safety measures were required for the new mines after
837:
and Iceland. Mk XVII mines would be laid in the shallower areas while the antenna-fuzed Mk XX mine was under development. Gaps were planned to allow passage of the fleet and convoys.
2433:
Not all of the mines were removed or destroyed during or following the war and unexploded mines have been discovered into the twenty-first century. Most of the steel shell has
876:
helped establish the boundaries of previously laid adjacent minefields so the minelayers could minimize un-mined gaps without accidentally straying into previously mined areas.
944:
1942 minelaying used a new Mk XXII mine with a buoyant copper tube upper antenna replacing the solid copper wire and buoyant float of the Mk XX mines. The minelaying cruiser
2413:
in September 1944. The Allies were unaware of these U-boat losses and attributed most of them to Allied ship and aircraft attacks after the Commander-in-Chief of the
52:
872:
later operated with the minelayers placing the deep water minefields from the spring of 1942 until minelaying was discontinued in the autumn of 1943.
108:
2868:
81:
45:
820:
and seawater acted as an electrolyte completing a circuit with an insulated copper plate on the mine surface to actuate a detonating
38:
2520:
793:
652:
103:
2717:
2642:
2560:
447:
2603:
1207:
76:
2374:
remains visible where the minelayer exploded preparing to leave the first Minelaying Squadron's base at Port ZA.
928:
2384:
665:
258:
1365:
850:
establishing precise locations. Laying the Northern Barrage in waters so far from land was a challenging
699:
694:
628:
207:
91:
855:
121:
711:
2683:
647:
353:
263:
86:
251:
2408:
2402:
2396:
2390:
785:
689:
236:
62:
17:
596:
817:
591:
581:
539:
415:
375:
363:
178:
2863:
924:
616:
611:
606:
319:
8:
2313:
1760:
1013:
988:
945:
918:
893:
716:
621:
2495:
1525:
682:
2713:
2638:
2576:
2556:
2455:
2379:
2329:
892:
were requisitioned from civilian service, but the conversion to auxiliary minelayers
452:
341:
326:
858:
information was available. Much of the preparatory survey work was completed by the
2443:
885:
847:
549:
430:
143:
2308:. Every ship struck mines. There were no crewmen lost aboard the Soviet freighter
2293:
mistook an iceberg for Iceland’s North Western Cape and led six merchant ships of
504:
2524:
2368:
2287:
1410:
1007:
1001:
912:
906:
888:(code-named port ZA for secrecy), was formed in June 1940. Five fast and modern
862:
733:
751:
to restrict German access to the Atlantic Ocean. The barrage stretched from the
2305:
1225:
995:
900:
777:
764:
642:
2841:
2852:
1426:
859:
829:
756:
660:
601:
586:
569:
564:
559:
544:
529:
524:
514:
509:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
442:
425:
410:
400:
395:
331:
302:
272:
246:
241:
231:
226:
214:
2442:
was the most commonly used explosive, although it was sometimes mixed with
2363:
2333:
2301:
805:
748:
576:
554:
437:
420:
405:
390:
385:
380:
370:
358:
336:
307:
297:
292:
287:
282:
277:
221:
202:
197:
185:
173:
168:
158:
148:
138:
133:
2298:
2859:
Naval battles and operations of World War II involving the United Kingdom
889:
789:
499:
163:
153:
2611:
2414:
1405:
1303:
851:
670:
534:
519:
2764:
2347:(5825 GRT); and there were only eight survivors of the 127 men aboard
792:) had been considered. Other alternatives were investigated after the
2434:
1358:
834:
729:
30:
23:
2658:
2451:
2294:
722:
2794:
2734:
2304:
into minefield SN72 laid one month earlier at the entrance to the
982:
978:
812:
wire antenna with a float to extend it above the mine. A ship's
760:
2447:
2317:
809:
781:
752:
2555:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 94–97.
1148:
damaged by a drifting Mk XX mine and towed back to port ZA by
2419:"the least profitable voluntary major undertaking of the war"
821:
813:
348:
747:
was the name given to minefields laid by the British during
2637:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. p. 190.
800:
739:
did much of the survey work to locate the Northern Barrage.
2712:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. p. 48.
2439:
776:
begun, the possibility of a Northern Barrage between the
2378:
The future of the Northern Barrage was discussed by the
2827:. New York: Cornell Maritime Press. pp. 1081–1091.
2383:
whose loss has not been otherwise explained, including
2489:
2487:
2485:
2483:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2475:
2473:
2471:
2134:lays experimental field of modified M Mark I Mines
799:Conventional mines of the era employed a contact-
2850:
2707:
2468:
2822:
816:hull touching the copper antenna would form a
2494:Mason, Lieutenant Commander Geoffrey (2006).
46:
2708:Rohwer, JĂĽrgen; Hummelchen, Gerhard (1992).
2659:"Ships Sunk or Damaged July 1942 (63 ships)"
923:was not completed until October. Arrival of
16:For the minefield laid in World War I, see
53:
39:
2823:Kafka, Roger; Pepperburg, Roy L. (1946).
2496:"British Naval Minelaying in World War 2"
2550:
2362:
884:The first Minelaying Squadron, based at
728:
710:
22:
2604:"Mines and Mine Laying in Iceland WWII"
2328:(6120 GRT); but 46 civilian crew and 9
2851:
2710:Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945
2324:(6115 GRT), or the American freighter
2632:
2598:
2596:
2594:
2546:
2544:
2542:
2493:
879:
60:
34:
2869:North Sea operations of World War II
2792:
2762:
2732:
2523:. Derek S. Hartshorn. Archived from
2048:Faeroes shelf west of Orkney Islands
2016:Faeroes shelf west of Orkney Islands
1856:Faeroes shelf west of Orkney Islands
1824:Faeroes shelf west of Orkney Islands
1757:Faeroes shelf west of Orkney Islands
1206:Agamemnon damaged by collision with
13:
2803:German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net
2773:German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net
2743:German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net
2635:The Allied Convoy System 1939–1945
2591:
2539:
1463:torpedoed by U-652 on return trip
14:
2880:
2835:
2458:) to increase underwater damage.
725:of the first Minelaying Squadron.
2450:) for economy and with powdered
1047:exploded before leaving port ZA
2842:British Minelaying 1940 (video)
2816:
2786:
2756:
2726:
2663:American Merchant Marine at War
2701:
2676:
2651:
2626:
2569:
2513:
2417:declared the Northern Barrage
1058:southern Iceland-Faeroes Ridge
1028:southern Iceland-Faeroes Ridge
929:Destroyers for Bases Agreement
796:by the Germans in April 1940.
763:. Mines were also laid in the
1:
2553:Naval Weapons of World War II
2461:
840:
2358:
7:
10:
2885:
2339:(7191 GRT) and freighters
1357:collision between escorts
770:
15:
2428:
2332:died aboard the American
856:Global Positioning System
72:
27:Map of the Norwegian Sea
2551:Campbell, John (1985).
2367:The shattered frame of
2184:lay experimental field
2159:lay experimental field
2633:Hague, Arnold (2000).
2375:
2286:In fog on 5 July 1942
786:North Sea Mine Barrage
740:
726:
28:
18:North Sea Mine Barrage
2825:Warships of the World
2793:Helgason, GuĂ°mundur.
2763:Helgason, GuĂ°mundur.
2733:Helgason, GuĂ°mundur.
2608:Icelandic Coast Guard
2366:
1984:Iceland-Faeroes Ridge
1952:Iceland-Faeroes Ridge
1888:Iceland-Faeroes Ridge
1729:Iceland-Faeroes Ridge
1701:Iceland-Faeroes Ridge
1673:Iceland-Faeroes Ridge
1645:Iceland-Faeroes Ridge
1621:Iceland-Faeroes Ridge
1380:Iceland-Faeroes Ridge
1345:Iceland-Faeroes Ridge
1279:Iceland-Faeroes Ridge
1185:Iceland-Faeroes Ridge
925:Town-class destroyers
732:
714:
26:
2267:southeast of Iceland
2243:southeast of Iceland
2195:southeast of Iceland
1569:northwest approaches
1549:northern Faeroes gap
1522:northern Faeroes gap
794:occupation of Norway
767:, north of Iceland.
2401:in September 1942,
2320:-flagged freighter
104:Blockade of Germany
2765:"Type VIIC U-boat
2735:"Type VIIC U-boat
2521:"Mineman Memories"
2389:in November 1940,
2376:
2330:Naval Armed Guards
880:Laying the barrage
741:
727:
29:
2500:naval-history.net
2407:in July 1943 and
2284:
2283:
848:navigational aids
824:within the mine.
708:
707:
64:Atlantic campaign
2876:
2829:
2828:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2811:
2809:
2790:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2760:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2730:
2724:
2723:
2705:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2694:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2669:
2655:
2649:
2648:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2614:on 31 March 2016
2610:. Archived from
2600:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2573:
2567:
2566:
2548:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2491:
2444:ammonium nitrate
1213:on return voyage
1159:SN7B & SN68A
1106:south of Faeroes
1078:south of Faeroes
955:
954:
886:Kyle of Lochalsh
784:(similar to the
745:Northern Barrage
99:Northern Barrage
67:
65:
55:
48:
41:
32:
31:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2873:
2849:
2848:
2838:
2833:
2832:
2821:
2817:
2807:
2805:
2791:
2787:
2777:
2775:
2761:
2757:
2747:
2745:
2731:
2727:
2720:
2706:
2702:
2692:
2690:
2682:
2681:
2677:
2667:
2665:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2645:
2631:
2627:
2617:
2615:
2602:
2601:
2592:
2582:
2580:
2579:. Halcyon Class
2575:
2574:
2570:
2563:
2549:
2540:
2530:
2528:
2527:on 12 July 2012
2519:
2518:
2514:
2504:
2502:
2492:
2469:
2464:
2431:
2395:in March 1942,
2361:
2343:(7611 GRT) and
2080:west of Iceland
2068:Southern Prince
2036:Southern Prince
2004:Southern Prince
1972:Southern Prince
1940:Southern Prince
1908:Southern Prince
1876:Southern Prince
1844:Southern Prince
1812:Southern Prince
1780:Southern Prince
1745:Southern Prince
1717:Southern Prince
1689:Southern Prince
1661:Southern Prince
1474:North Rona area
1461:Southern Prince
1459:
1456:Southern Prince
1356:
1267:Southern Prince
1239:Southern Prince
1204:
1201:Southern Prince
1173:Southern Prince
1144:
1141:Southern Prince
1122:Southern Prince
1094:Southern Prince
1043:
1015:Southern Prince
920:Southern Prince
882:
854:problem before
843:
773:
718:Southern Prince
709:
704:
111:
68:
63:
61:
59:
21:
12:
11:
5:
2882:
2872:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2845:
2844:
2837:
2836:External links
2834:
2831:
2830:
2815:
2785:
2755:
2725:
2718:
2700:
2684:"Convoy QP.13"
2675:
2650:
2643:
2625:
2590:
2568:
2561:
2538:
2512:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2430:
2427:
2360:
2357:
2306:Denmark Strait
2282:
2281:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2261:September 1943
2258:
2257:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2237:September 1943
2234:
2233:
2220:
2219:Denmark Strait
2217:
2214:
2210:
2209:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2161:
2160:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2136:
2135:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2071:
2070:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2007:
2006:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1978:September 1942
1975:
1974:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1946:September 1942
1943:
1942:
1921:
1920:Denmark Strait
1918:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1879:
1878:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1847:
1846:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1815:
1814:
1793:
1792:Denmark Strait
1790:
1787:
1783:
1782:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1748:
1747:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1720:
1719:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1692:
1691:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1664:
1663:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1636:
1635:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1612:
1611:
1602:
1601:Faeroes fjords
1599:
1596:
1592:
1591:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1576:
1575:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1560:
1559:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1540:
1539:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1484:September 1941
1481:
1480:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1468:September 1941
1465:
1464:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1416:
1408:
1402:
1399:
1395:
1394:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1371:
1370:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1317:
1316:
1307:
1301:
1298:
1294:
1293:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1270:
1269:
1252:
1251:Denmark Strait
1249:
1246:
1242:
1241:
1228:
1226:Denmark Strait
1223:
1220:
1216:
1215:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1153:
1152:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1124:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1018:
986:
976:
973:
969:
968:
965:
962:
959:
881:
878:
842:
839:
778:Orkney Islands
772:
769:
765:Denmark Strait
759:and on toward
706:
705:
703:
702:
697:
692:
687:
674:
673:
668:
663:
658:
650:
645:
634:
633:
632:
631:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
574:
573:
572:
567:
562:
557:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
491:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
361:
356:
351:
346:
339:
334:
329:
327:2nd Happy Time
324:
311:
310:
305:
300:
295:
290:
285:
280:
275:
270:
269:
268:
261:
259:Denmark Strait
249:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
219:
218:
217:
205:
200:
189:
188:
183:
176:
171:
166:
161:
156:
151:
146:
144:1st Happy Time
141:
136:
125:
124:
113:
112:
106:
101:
96:
95:
94:
89:
84:
73:
70:
69:
58:
57:
50:
43:
35:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2881:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2847:
2843:
2840:
2839:
2826:
2819:
2804:
2800:
2798:
2789:
2774:
2770:
2768:
2759:
2744:
2740:
2738:
2729:
2721:
2719:1-55750-105-X
2715:
2711:
2704:
2689:
2685:
2679:
2664:
2660:
2654:
2646:
2644:1-55750-019-3
2640:
2636:
2629:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2599:
2597:
2595:
2578:
2572:
2564:
2562:0-87021-459-4
2558:
2554:
2547:
2545:
2543:
2526:
2522:
2516:
2501:
2497:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2476:
2474:
2472:
2467:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2436:
2426:
2422:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2405:
2400:
2399:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2387:
2381:
2373:
2372:
2365:
2356:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2337:John Randolph
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2291:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2172:
2170:Butt of Lewis
2169:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2147:
2145:Butt of Lewis
2144:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2133:
2130:
2128:Butt of Lewis
2127:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2042:November 1942
2041:
2040:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1764:
1759:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1639:February 1942
1638:
1637:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1615:February 1942
1614:
1613:
1610:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1595:February 1942
1594:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1585:Butt of Lewis
1584:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1563:November 1941
1562:
1561:
1558:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1543:November 1941
1542:
1541:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1529:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1506:Butt of Lewis
1505:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1490:Butt of Lewis
1489:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1462:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1444:Butt of Lewis
1443:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1427:Butt of Lewis
1425:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1409:
1407:
1404:northwest of
1403:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1363:
1362:
1354:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1315:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1211:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:February 1941
1155:
1154:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:February 1941
1127:
1126:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1052:December 1940
1051:
1050:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1022:November 1940
1021:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1010:
1005:
1004:
999:
998:
993:
992:
987:
984:
980:
977:
974:
971:
970:
966:
963:
960:
957:
956:
953:
950:
949:
942:
939:
933:
930:
926:
922:
921:
916:
915:
910:
909:
904:
903:
898:
897:
891:
887:
877:
875:
871:
867:
866:
861:
860:survey vessel
857:
853:
849:
838:
836:
831:
830:Norwegian Sea
825:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
802:
797:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
768:
766:
762:
758:
757:Faroe Islands
754:
750:
746:
738:
737:
731:
724:
720:
719:
713:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
685:
681:
680:
679:
678:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
656:
651:
649:
648:26 April 1944
646:
644:
641:
640:
639:
638:
630:
629:Bay of Biscay
627:
626:
625:
624:
620:
618:
617:SL 140/MKS 31
615:
613:
612:SL 139/MKS 30
610:
608:
607:SL 138/MKS 28
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
592:ONS 20/ON 206
590:
588:
585:
583:
582:ONS 18/ON 202
580:
578:
575:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
552:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
540:HX 229/SC 122
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
497:
496:
495:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
433:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
366:
362:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
347:
345:
344:
340:
338:
335:
333:
332:Torpedo Alley
330:
328:
325:
323:
322:
318:
317:
316:
315:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
267:
266:
262:
260:
257:
256:
255:
254:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
238:
235:
233:
230:
228:
225:
223:
220:
216:
213:
212:
211:
210:
206:
204:
201:
199:
196:
195:
194:
193:
187:
184:
182:
181:
177:
175:
172:
170:
167:
165:
162:
160:
157:
155:
152:
150:
147:
145:
142:
140:
137:
135:
132:
131:
130:
129:
123:
120:
119:
118:
117:
110:
107:
105:
102:
100:
97:
93:
90:
88:
85:
83:
82:United States
80:
79:
78:
75:
74:
71:
66:
56:
51:
49:
44:
42:
37:
36:
33:
25:
19:
2846:
2824:
2818:
2806:. Retrieved
2802:
2796:
2788:
2776:. Retrieved
2772:
2766:
2758:
2746:. Retrieved
2742:
2736:
2728:
2709:
2703:
2691:. Retrieved
2687:
2678:
2666:. Retrieved
2662:
2653:
2634:
2628:
2616:. Retrieved
2612:the original
2607:
2581:. Retrieved
2571:
2552:
2529:. Retrieved
2525:the original
2515:
2503:. Retrieved
2499:
2432:
2423:
2418:
2409:
2403:
2397:
2391:
2385:
2377:
2370:
2353:Exterminator
2352:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2334:Liberty ship
2325:
2322:Exterminator
2321:
2309:
2302:convoy QP 13
2289:
2285:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2131:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2010:October 1942
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1762:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1608:
1604:
1588:
1579:January 1942
1572:
1556:
1552:
1536:
1532:
1527:
1516:October 1941
1509:
1500:October 1941
1493:
1477:
1460:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1431:
1412:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1366:
1360:
1352:
1348:
1332:
1328:
1313:
1309:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1209:
1205:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1136:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1100:January 1941
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1072:January 1941
1065:
1061:
1044:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1014:
1008:
1002:
996:
990:
972:October 1940
947:
943:
937:
934:
919:
913:
907:
901:
895:
890:cargo liners
883:
873:
869:
864:
852:navigational
844:
826:
798:
774:
749:World War II
744:
742:
735:
717:
700:7–8 May 1945
695:5–6 May 1945
690:Point Judith
683:
676:
675:
654:
636:
635:
622:
493:
492:
448:27 September
431:
364:
342:
320:
313:
312:
264:
252:
208:
191:
190:
179:
127:
126:
115:
114:
98:
92:St. Lawrence
2864:Naval mines
2577:"HMS Scott"
2371:Port Napier
2279:Port Quebec
2255:Port Quebec
2231:Port Quebec
2213:August 1943
2207:Port Quebec
2182:Port Quebec
2157:Port Quebec
2116:Port Quebec
2104:off Iceland
2092:Port Quebec
2064:Port Quebec
2032:Port Quebec
2000:Port Quebec
1968:Port Quebec
1936:Port Quebec
1914:August 1942
1904:Port Quebec
1872:Port Quebec
1840:Port Quebec
1808:Port Quebec
1776:Port Quebec
1741:Port Quebec
1713:Port Quebec
1685:Port Quebec
1657:Port Quebec
1633:Port Quebec
1557:Port Quebec
1537:Port Quebec
1510:Port Quebec
1494:Port Quebec
1452:Port Quebec
1438:August 1941
1420:August 1941
1413:Teviot Bank
1392:Port Quebec
1291:Port Quebec
1263:Port Quebec
1235:Port Quebec
1197:Port Quebec
1169:Port Quebec
1137:Port Quebec
1118:Port Quebec
1090:Port Quebec
1045:Port Napier
1040:Port Quebec
1009:Port Quebec
1003:Port Napier
967:Minelayers
914:Port Quebec
908:Port Napier
790:World War I
653:Capture of
416:Bell Island
365:Connecticut
180:Nordseetour
122:River Plate
2853:Categories
2808:22 January
2778:12 January
2748:22 January
2693:23 January
2688:Convoy Web
2668:23 January
2618:22 January
2583:25 January
2505:12 January
2462:References
2415:Home Fleet
2318:Panamanian
2275:Menestheus
2251:Menestheus
2227:Menestheus
2203:Menestheus
2178:Menestheus
2153:Menestheus
2112:Menestheus
2088:Menestheus
2074:March 1943
2060:Menestheus
2028:Menestheus
1996:Menestheus
1964:Menestheus
1932:Menestheus
1900:Menestheus
1868:Menestheus
1836:Menestheus
1804:Menestheus
1772:Menestheus
1737:Menestheus
1723:April 1942
1709:Menestheus
1695:March 1942
1681:Menestheus
1667:March 1942
1653:Menestheus
1629:Menestheus
1609:Menestheus
1573:Menestheus
1553:Menestheus
1533:Menestheus
1448:Menestheus
1406:Sula Sgeir
1388:Menestheus
1353:Menestheus
1333:Menestheus
1314:Menestheus
1304:North Rona
1287:Menestheus
1259:Menestheus
1245:April 1941
1231:Menestheus
1219:April 1941
1193:Menestheus
1179:March 1941
1146:Menestheus
1114:Menestheus
1086:Menestheus
1066:Menestheus
1036:Menestheus
997:Menestheus
938:Menestheus
902:Menestheus
841:Navigation
715:Minelayer
321:Postmaster
253:RheinĂĽbung
2454:(forming
2446:(forming
2380:Admiralty
2359:Cancelled
2299:ReykjavĂk
2288:HMS
2271:Agamemnon
2247:Agamemnon
2223:Agamemnon
2199:Agamemnon
2189:June 1943
2174:Agamemnon
2164:June 1943
2149:Agamemnon
2132:Agamemnon
2108:Agamemnon
2084:Agamemnon
2056:Agamemnon
2052:Adventure
2024:Agamemnon
2020:Adventure
1992:Agamemnon
1988:Adventure
1960:Agamemnon
1956:Adventure
1928:Agamemnon
1924:Adventure
1896:Agamemnon
1892:Adventure
1882:July 1942
1864:Agamemnon
1860:Adventure
1850:July 1942
1832:Agamemnon
1828:Adventure
1818:June 1942
1800:Agamemnon
1796:Adventure
1786:June 1942
1768:Agamemnon
1763:Adventure
1761:HMS
1733:Agamemnon
1705:Agamemnon
1677:Agamemnon
1649:Agamemnon
1625:Agamemnon
1605:Agamemnon
1589:Agamemnon
1526:HMS
1478:Agamemnon
1432:Agamemnon
1411:HMS
1398:July 1941
1384:Agamemnon
1374:July 1941
1359:HMS
1349:Agamemnon
1339:June 1941
1329:Agamemnon
1320:June 1941
1310:Agamemnon
1297:June 1941
1283:Agamemnon
1255:Agamemnon
1210:Castleton
1208:HMS
1189:Agamemnon
1165:Agamemnon
1150:Agamemnon
1110:Agamemnon
1082:Agamemnon
1062:Agamemnon
1032:Agamemnon
991:Agamemnon
989:HMS
961:Operation
948:Adventure
946:HMS
927:from the
896:Agamemnon
894:HMS
863:HMS
835:Greenland
734:HMS
623:Stonewall
597:Sept-ĂŽles
550:Black May
453:SG 6/LN 6
109:Gibraltar
87:Caribbean
2452:aluminum
2435:corroded
2295:Murmansk
2139:May 1943
2122:May 1943
2098:May 1943
1751:May 1942
1528:Welshman
1367:Brighton
1273:May 1941
964:Location
833:between
723:flagship
684:Teardrop
643:Lyme Bay
354:27 March
265:Bismarck
77:Americas
2351:. Only
2345:Massmar
2316:), the
983:Faeroes
979:Iceland
818:battery
771:Concept
761:Iceland
755:to the
432:Laconia
343:Neuland
237:4 April
2716:
2641:
2559:
2448:Amatol
2429:Legacy
2341:Hefron
2326:Hybert
2312:(4441
2310:Rodina
2264:SN222C
2240:SN222B
2192:SN222A
2167:SN123C
2142:SN123B
2125:SN123A
2101:SN111A
1038:, and
810:copper
782:Norway
753:Orkney
671:BX 141
661:HX 300
602:ON 207
587:SC 143
570:SC 130
565:SC 129
560:HX 237
545:HX 231
530:HX 228
525:SC 121
515:ON 166
510:SC 118
488:ON 154
483:ON 153
478:ON 144
473:SC 107
468:SL 125
463:HX 212
458:SC 104
443:SC 100
426:ON 127
411:ON 122
401:ON 115
396:ON 113
376:6 June
303:HX 156
273:HX 133
247:HX 126
242:OB 318
232:HX 112
227:OB 293
215:HX 106
209:Berlin
2797:U-855
2767:U-647
2737:U-253
2531:2 May
2456:Minol
2410:U-855
2404:U-647
2398:U-253
2392:U-702
2386:U-104
2349:Niger
2290:Niger
2077:SN90A
1981:SN65A
1546:SN83B
1519:SN83A
1441:SN70A
1423:SN22B
1401:SN12A
1377:SN67A
1361:Kenya
1342:SN70B
1055:SN10A
985:Ridge
874:Scott
870:Scott
865:Scott
822:relay
814:steel
806:draft
801:fuzed
736:Scott
666:WEP 3
655:U-505
577:Faith
555:ONS 5
535:UGS 6
505:SG 19
438:SQ 36
421:QS 33
406:SC 94
391:QS 15
386:SL 78
381:HG 84
371:ON 92
359:OG 82
349:ON 67
337:SC 67
308:HG 76
298:SC 48
293:HG 73
288:SC 42
283:OG 71
278:OG 69
222:HG 53
203:SC 20
198:SC 19
186:HX 90
174:HX 84
169:HX 79
159:HX 72
149:HX 65
139:HX 49
134:HX 47
2810:2014
2780:2011
2750:2014
2714:ISBN
2695:2014
2670:2014
2639:ISBN
2620:2014
2585:2014
2557:ISBN
2533:2012
2507:2011
2369:HMS
2277:and
2253:and
2229:and
2216:SN74
2205:and
2180:and
2155:and
2114:and
2090:and
2066:and
2045:SN3F
2034:and
2013:SN3E
2002:and
1970:and
1949:SN89
1938:and
1917:SN73
1906:and
1885:SN82
1874:and
1853:SN3C
1842:and
1821:SN3B
1810:and
1789:SN72
1778:and
1754:SN3A
1743:and
1726:SN88
1715:and
1698:SN87
1687:and
1670:SN81
1659:and
1642:SN85
1631:and
1618:SN84
1607:and
1598:SN5B
1582:SN26
1566:SN25
1555:and
1535:and
1503:SN24
1487:SN23
1471:SN61
1454:and
1390:and
1364:and
1351:and
1331:and
1323:SN66
1312:and
1306:area
1300:SN64
1289:and
1265:and
1237:and
1222:SN71
1199:and
1171:and
1139:and
1131:SN7A
1120:and
1103:SN65
1092:and
1064:and
1025:SN11
1012:and
958:Date
917:and
780:and
743:The
721:was
677:1945
637:1944
520:UC 1
500:TM 1
494:1943
314:1942
192:1941
164:SC 7
154:SC 2
128:1940
116:1939
2440:TNT
2314:GRT
2297:to
1276:SN9
1248:SN8
1182:SN4
1075:SN6
975:SN3
788:of
2855::
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2771:.
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2686:.
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2606:.
2593:^
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2054:,
2030:,
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1998:,
1994:,
1990:,
1966:,
1962:,
1958:,
1934:,
1930:,
1926:,
1902:,
1898:,
1894:,
1870:,
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1862:,
1838:,
1834:,
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