602:, and they have an occurrence range of 64,300,000 km (24,800,000 sq mi), with a breeding range of 8 km (3.1 sq mi). 6,500 to 7,000 pairs breed on the Chatham Islands annually along with 60 pairs at Taiaroa Head, for an estimated total of 20,000 birds, although this is a 2012 estimate. 2022 estimates place the count at 17,000 birds. In 1985, their main breeding grounds on the Chatham Islands were badly damaged by a series of intense storms and the resulting lack of nesting material has lowered their breeding success. Chicks and eggs of birds breeding on the South Island have also been preyed upon by
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They perform a very extensive mutual or group display, sometimes in the air or on the water. Once they form a bond, the displays lose extravagance. Breeding starts at eight years. They nest biennially and will build their nests on flat summits of the islands that they frequent. They prefer to be in
566:
of New
Zealand. The Taiaroa Head colony is the only albatross colony found on a human-inhabited mainland in the Southern Hemisphere. When they are not breeding, northern royal albatrosses undertake circumpolar flights in the southern oceans, and in particular like the
387:, along with pale pink legs. The northern royal albatross can be distinguished from the southern at sea by its upper wings, the plumage of which are all dark compared to the large areas of white on the southern. The two species also differ in behavior.
362:
The northern royal albatross is typically about 115 cm (45 in), weighs 6.2 to 8.2 kg (14–18 lb), and has a wingspan from 270 to 305 cm (106–120 in). The juvenile has a white head, neck, upper
437:
grass or herbs, and their nest is a low mound of vegetation, mud, and feathers. A single egg is laid, in
October or November, which takes both parents around 80 days to incubate. The chick is brooded for a month and is ready to
323:, although the nostrils on the albatross are on the sides of the bill. The bills of Procellariiformes are also unique in that they are split into between seven and nine horny plates. Finally, they produce a
648:
annually to watch this species. It has become a tradition in
Dunedin each year to chime the bells in the city's public buildings in celebration of the first bird to arrive back at the Taiaroa Head colony.
629:
is underway, Taiaroa Head has predator control in effect during the breeding season, and there are no predators on the
Chatham Islands. Enderby Island and Taiaroa Head are nature preserves, and the
1195:
979:. 8. Vol. Birds I Tinamous and Ratites to Hoatzins. Joseph E. Trumpey, Chief Scientific Illustrator (2nd ed.). Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group. pp. 107–111.
1017:. 8. Vol. Birds I Tinamous and Ratites to Hoatzins. Joseph E. Trumpey, Chief Scientific Illustrator (2nd ed.). Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group. p. 118.
633:
had eradicated feral cattle, rabbits, and mice from
Enderby Island by 1993. Counting of individual birds has been made possible using 30-cm resolution imagery from the
644:, the colony on Taiaroa Head was protected by 1950. 1972 saw the first formal guided viewing of their breeding area, since 2001 more than 100,000 people visit the
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and rump. Its lower mantle and back are white with more black speckling than the crown, and it has dark black-brown upper wings with white flecks on its
975:
Double, M. C. (2003). "Procellariiformes (Tubenosed
Seabirds)". In Hutchins, Michael; Jackson, Jerome A.; Bock, Walter J.; Olendorf, Donna (eds.).
1247:
1464:
1013:
Robertson, C. J. R. (2003). "Albatrosses (Diomedeidae)". In
Hutchins, Michael; Jackson, Jerome A.; Bock, Walter J.; Olendorf, Donna (eds.).
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860:
375:. Its tail is white with a black-brown tip, as are its underwings. There is a black band behind the leading edge of its wings between the
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1034:
Turning the Tide: The
Eradication of Invasive Species, Proceedings of the International Conference on Eradication of Island Invasives
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as recently as 1998, though not all scientists support that conclusion and some consider both of them to be subspecies of the
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Veitch, C. R.; Clout, M. N. (2002). "Eradication of rabbits and mice from subantarctic
Enderby and Rose Islands".
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319:. They share certain identifying features. First, they have nasal passages that attach to the upper bill called
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Latin Names
Explained A Guide to the Scientific Classifications of Reptiles, Birds & Mammals
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Beolens, B., Watkins, M. & Grayson, M., The Eponym Dictionary of Mammals (2009), p.357
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825:"Using super-high resolution satellite imagery to census threatened albatrosses"
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region whiten. All ages have a pink bill with a black cutting edge on the upper
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Young northern royal albatross in the colony on Taiaroa Head, New Zealand
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994:
Gotch, A. F. (1995) . "Albatrosses, Fulmars, Shearwaters, and Petrels".
914:"Systema Naturae 2000 / Classification – Diomedea (Diomedea) epomophora"
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is the biggest threat to this bird, even though it has been reduced.
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joint and the tip. As they age, their head, back, rump, tail, and
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861:"Dunedin's bells set to ring as city celebrates its albatross"
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1036:. Occasional papers of the IUCN Species Survival Commission.
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Fretwell, P. T.; Scofield, P; Phillips, R. A. (3 May 2017).
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367:, rump, and underparts. There is dark speckling on the
960:(6th ed.). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
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The northern royal albatross was first described as
694:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22728323A132656392.en
1507:
958:The Clements Checklist of the Birds of the World
283:(1868–1950), ornithologist, and trustee of the
890:"Species factsheet: Northern Royal Albatross
998:. New York, NY: Facts on File. p. 190.
594:Northern royal albatrosses are listed as an
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29:
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625:To help in the survival of this species,
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939:Albatrosses And Petrels Across The World
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420:. Squids can make up 85% of their diet.
350:, in 1917, based on a specimen from the
275:, whose companions turned to birds, and
248:. It was split from the closely related
1064:- Christopher Taylor Nature Photography
941:. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
816:
538:Northern royal albatrosses nest on the
1508:
974:
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911:
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400:The northern royal albatross feeds on
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937:Brooke, M. (2004). "Procellariidae".
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1299:899e1443-4bde-4d74-a428-390a4f5be502
858:
1566:Taxa named by Robert Cushman Murphy
680:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
659:
445:are denser than those of any other
13:
1015:Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia
977:Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia
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285:American Museum of Natural History
14:
1577:
1556:Endangered fauna of South America
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912:Brands, Sheila (14 August 2008).
295:Albatrosses belong to the family
1516:IUCN Red List endangered species
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888:BirdLife International (2021).
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669:BirdLife International (2018).
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454:Breeding population and trends
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793:BirdLife International (2021)
558:in the Auckland Islands, and
441:after around 240 days. Their
1402:Diomedea epomophora sanfordi
859:Foon, Eleisha (2019-09-17).
813:Veitch, C. R., et al. (2002)
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208:Diomedea epomophora sanfordi
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1551:Endangered fauna of Oceania
1526:Birds of the Southern Ocean
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735:Robertson, C. J. R. (2003)
631:Department of Conservation
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687:: e.T22728323A132656392.
640:Thanks to the efforts of
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75:Scientific classification
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38:Northern royal albatross
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24:Northern royal albatross
23:
1289:northern-royal-albatross
956:Clements, James (2007).
918:Project: The Taxonomicon
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250:southern royal albatross
225:northern royal albatross
1561:Birds described in 1917
335:that are stored in the
1531:Birds of South America
646:Royal Albatross Centre
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281:Leonard Cutler Sanford
585:– south east Tasmania
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348:Robert Cushman Murphy
1536:Birds of New Zealand
771:Double, M. C. (2003)
552:Little Sister Island
924:on 5 September 2009
753:Gotch, A. F. (1995)
744:Clements, J. (2007)
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45:Conservation status
1546:Endangered animals
604:introduced species
596:endangered species
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544:Forty-fours Island
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1503:
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1390:Diomedea-sanfordi
1333:Open Tree of Life
1201:diomedea-sanfordi
1139:diomedea-sanfordi
1126:Diomedea_sanfordi
1112:Diomedea sanfordi
1082:Diomedea sanfordi
1074:Taxon identifiers
1047:978-2-8317-0682-5
1024:978-0-7876-5784-0
1005:978-0-8160-3377-5
986:978-0-7876-5784-0
967:978-0-8014-4501-9
948:978-0-19-850125-1
892:Diomedea sanfordi
846:10.1111/ibi.12482
717:Brands, S. (2008)
673:Diomedea sanfordi
583:Diomedea sanfordi
548:Big Sister Island
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479:6,500–7,000 pairs
344:Diomedea sanfordi
301:Procellariiformes
265:Diomedea sanfordi
234:Diomedea sanfordi
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132:Procellariiformes
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447:great albatross
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922:the original
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590:Conservation
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560:Taiaroa Head
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491:Taiaroa Head
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207:
206:
183:
181:
165:
164:
152:
18:
1439:iNaturalist
1346:SeaLifeBase
1235:iNaturalist
1106:Wikispecies
1040:: 319–320.
928:18 February
803:Answers.com
637:satellite.
635:WorldView-3
618:. Finally,
505:Increasing
463:Population
410:crustaceans
402:cephalopods
358:Description
327:made up of
325:stomach oil
305:shearwaters
297:Diomedeidae
142:Diomedeidae
1510:Categories
1417:Q106481149
1385:Xeno-canto
882:References
870:2019-09-19
840:(3): 481.
606:, such as
329:wax esters
60:Endangered
898:Data Zone
653:Footnotes
460:Location
321:naricorns
260:Etymology
243:albatross
160:Species:
98:Kingdom:
92:Eukaryota
1521:Diomedea
1411:Wikidata
1279:22728323
1253:11130887
1165:22728323
1160:BirdLife
1097:Q2464919
1091:Wikidata
571:and the
499:60 pairs
443:colonies
391:Behavior
385:mandible
381:scapular
291:Taxonomy
277:sanfordi
273:Diomedes
269:Diomedea
200:Synonyms
153:Diomedea
138:Family:
112:Chordata
108:Phylum:
102:Animalia
88:Domain:
65:IUCN 3.1
1431:5229301
1338:7068744
1227:5722868
1214:royalb3
1175:royalb3
1147:Avibase
903:12 July
700:12 July
598:by the
562:on the
485:Stable
418:carrion
396:Feeding
373:coverts
309:fulmars
241:in the
239:seabird
215:, 1917)
148:Genus:
128:Order:
118:Class:
63: (
1493:379383
1477:NZOR:
1457:723278
1444:508988
1377:379386
1325:379386
1296:NZOR:
1286:NZBO:
1266:824054
1134:ARKive
1062:Photos
1044:
1021:
1002:
983:
964:
945:
616:stoats
614:, and
550:, and
526:Stable
516:20,000
469:Trend
439:fledge
416:, and
377:carpal
365:mantle
315:, and
246:family
213:Murphy
193:, 1917
191:Murphy
1488:WoRMS
1470:46547
1372:WoRMS
1364:64456
1359:SPRAT
1351:84064
1312:79207
1248:IRMNG
1240:99307
1209:eBird
1188:36B3Y
1172:BOW:
828:(PDF)
534:Range
511:Total
466:Date
414:salps
369:crown
229:toroa
1465:NCBI
1452:ITIS
1426:GBIF
1320:OBIS
1274:IUCN
1261:ITIS
1222:GBIF
1042:ISBN
1019:ISBN
1000:ISBN
981:ISBN
962:ISBN
943:ISBN
930:2009
905:2021
833:Ibis
702:2021
685:2018
608:cats
600:IUCN
521:2012
502:2012
482:2012
406:fish
331:and
223:The
122:Aves
1196:CMS
1183:CoL
1121:AFD
1038:028
865:RNZ
842:doi
838:159
689:doi
554:),
346:by
231:, (
227:or
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836:.
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776:^
722:^
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256:.
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970:.
951:.
932:.
907:.
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848:.
844::
704:.
691::
675:"
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542:(
211:(
67:)
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