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Occupational injury

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used in animal agriculture, needlestick injuries can result in bacterial or fungal infections, lacerations, local inflammation, vaccine/antibiotic reactions, amputations, miscarriage, and death. Due to daily human-animal interactions, livestock related injuries are also a prevalent injury of agriculture workers, and are responsible for the majority of nonfatal worker injuries on dairy farms. Additionally, approximately 30 people die of cattle and horse-related deaths in the United States annually.
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handling techniques and training, or stockmanship, can also decrease the risk of livestock injury. A handler's timing, positioning, speed, direction of movement, and sounds made will affect the behavior of an animal and consequently the safety of the handler. The agriculture industry has begun to focus more on proper education and training, and has made a variety of resources available to producers. For example, organizations like the Upper Midwest Agriculture Safety and Health Center
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Slips, trips and falls account for over a third of all injuries that happen at work. Incorrect handling of items was the most common cause of injuries that led to absences from work of more than 7 days. In 2010–2011, injuries to the upper limb injuries made up 47% of non-fatal injuries at work in the
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Lack of proper education or training can also predispose an individual to an occupational injury. For example, there is limited needlestick injury awareness among agriculture workers, and there is a need for comprehensive programs to prevent needlestick injuries on livestock operations. Proper animal
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It has been estimated that worldwide there are more than 350,000 workplace fatalities and more than 270 million workplace injuries annually. In 2000 there were approximately 2.9 billion workers worldwide. Occupational injuries resulted in the loss of 3.5 years of healthy life for every 1,000 workers.
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In the United Kingdom in 2013–2014, 133 people were killed at work. Of those 133 people, 89 were employed, while 44 were self-employed. In 2013–2014, an estimated 629,000 injuries occurred at work. Of these injuries 629,000 injuries, 203,000 led to more than 3 days absence from work. Of these, over
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In the UK, a total of 111 fatal injuries happened in a single year. According to the HSE, a total of 111 workers died in work related injuries in the UK during 2019–20. The biggest cause for these fatal injuries was falling from heights that alone was responsible for 29 deaths during the same year.
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The most common occupations associated with these hazards vary throughout the world depending on the major industries in a particular country. Overall, the most hazardous occupations are in farming, fishing, and forestry. In more developed countries, construction and manufacturing occupations are
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In the United States in 2012, 4,383 workers died from job injuries, 92% of which were men, and nearly 3 million nonfatal workplace injuries & illness were reported which cost businesses a collective loss of $ 198.2 billion and 60 million workdays. In 2007, 5,488 workers died from job injuries,
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Accidental injection or needlestick injuries are a common injury that plague agriculture workers and veterinarians. The majority of these injuries are located to the hands or legs, and can result in mild to severe reactions, including possible hospitalization. Due to the wide variety of biologics
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Perhaps the most important personal factor that predisposes to an increased risk is age. In the United States in 1998 17 million workers were over age 55 and by 2018 this population is expected to more than double. Workers in this age group are more likely to develop lower back pain that may be
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Unsurprisingly, occupation is the biggest influence on the risk of workplace injuries. Workers new to the job are at a much higher risk of injury than more experienced staff, while shift workers and part-time staff also have a greater risk of being injured at work.
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Douphrate, David I.; Stallones, Lorann; Lunner Kolstrup, Christina; Nonnenmann, Matthew W.; Pinzke, Stefan; Hagevoort, G. Robert; Lundqvist, Peter; Jakob, Martina; Xiang, Huiyun; Xue, Ling; Jarvie, Paul; McCurdy, Stephen A.; Reed, Sue; Lower, Tony (2013).
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As in the United Kingdom, slips, trips and falls (STF) are common and account for 20-40% of disabling occupational injuries. Often these accidents result in a back injury that can persist to a permanent disability. In the United States, a high risk of
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Mischke, Christina; Verbeek, Jos H.; Job, Jenny; Morata, Thais C.; Alvesalo-Kuusi, Anne; Neuvonen, Kaisa; Clarke, Simon; Pedlow, Robert I. (2013). "Occupational safety and health enforcement tools for preventing occupational diseases and injuries".
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associated with overuse of the hands and wrists. Studies on a cohort of newly hired workers have thus far identified forceful gripping, repetitive lifting of > 1 kg, and using vibrating power tools as high risk work activities.
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Of all the workplace accidents that resulted in death, the most common were falls from height, contact with moving machinery and being struck by a vehicle. These types of accidents resulted in over half of all recorded deaths.
175:, injured workers were followed for 14 years to determine the long term effects of work injury on employment. The work injuries resulted in an average of 1.06 years of lost productivity for each of the 31,588 allowed claims. 196: 1042:
Courtney, T. K.; Sorock, G. S.; Manning, D. P.; Collins, J. W.; Holbein-Jenny, M. A. (2001-10-20). "Occupational slip, trip, and fall-related injuries--can the contribution of slipperiness be isolated?".
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have a variety of informational fact sheets and training videos easily accessible online. Additionally, organizations like Beef Quality Assurance offers stockmanship training seminars and demonstrations.
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Steenland K, Burnett C, Lalich N, Ward E, Hurrell J. Dying for work: the magnitude of U.S. mortality from selected causes of death associated with occupation. Am J Ind Med 2003;43:461--82. Retrieved at:
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worsened by work conditions that normally do not affect a younger worker. Older workers are also more likely by be killed in a construction related fall. They are also at higher risk for injury due to
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Fulton-Kehoe, D.; Franklin, G.; Weaver, M.; Cheadle, A. (2000-06-01). "Years of productivity lost among injured workers in Washington state: modeling disability burden in workers' compensation".
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148,000 resulted in them being absent from work for more than 7 days. In the UK, there are workplace injury advice guides online offering support on dealing with occupational injuries.
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92% of which were men, and 49,000 died from work-related injuries. NIOSH estimates that 4 million workers in the U.S. in 2007 sustained non-fatal work related injuries or illnesses.
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Haladay, Douglas E.; Blorstad, Amanda L.; McBrier, Nicole M.; Denegar, Craig R.; Lengerich, Eugene J. (2012-01-01). "Back pain among health care workers in Pennsylvania 2002-2006".
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Jadhav, Rohan; Achutan, Chandran; Haynatzki, Gleb; Rajaram, Shireen; Rautiainen, Risto (2015-01-01). "Risk Factors for Agricultural Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis".
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Tao, Xuguang Grant; Lavin, Robert A.; Yuspeh, Larry; Bernacki, Edward J. (2015-07-01). "Is Obesity Associated With Adverse Workers' Compensation Claims Outcomes? A Pilot Study".
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Barling, J., & Frone, M. R. (2004). Occupational injuries: Setting the stage. In J. Barling & M. R. Frone (Eds.), The psychology of workplace safety. Washington, DC: APA.
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US Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. "National census of fatal occupational injuries in 2007." Washington, DC: US Department of Labor; 2008. Retrieved at:
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Takala, Jukka; Hämäläinen, Päivi; Saarela, Kaija Leena; Yun, Loke Yoke; Manickam, Kathiresan; Jin, Tan Wee; Heng, Peggy; Tjong, Caleb; Kheng, Lim Guan (2014-01-01).
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Concha-Barrientos, Marisol; Nelson, Deborah Imel; Fingerhut, Marilyn; Driscoll, Timothy; Leigh, James (2005-12-01). "The global burden due to occupational injury".
4544: 235:, which accounted for 14% of reported occupational illnesses in 2007. Many initiatives have been created to prevent this common workplace injury. For example, the 1586: 430:. A 2013 Cochrane review found low-quality evidence showing that inspections, especially focused inspections, can reduce work-related injuries in the long term. 3404: 5394: 5002: 161: 872:
US Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Workplace injuries and illnesses in 2007. Washington, DC: US Department of Labor; 2008. Retrieved at:
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In 2010, 25% of occupational injuries and illnesses that were not fatal but caused work absences were related to injuries to the upper limb.
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The Health & Safety Executive (HSE) prosecuted 582 cases in 2013–2014, with at least one conviction secured in 547 cases (94%).
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Local authorities prosecuted a total of 92 cases during the same period, with at least one conviction achieved in 89 cases (97%).
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In the U.S. the Bureau of Labor Statistics makes available extensive statistics on workplace accidents and injuries. For example:
5378: 5167: 4530: 4506: 4171: 1401: 5354: 5213: 4626: 4042: 3488: 2816: 2811: 2806: 2801: 2796: 2786: 1747:"The role of mental health problems and common psychotropic drug treatments in accidental injury at work: a case-control study" 831: 5334: 4330: 4047: 2940: 2422: 2005: 4616: 394:. In 2010, there were 14,261 occupational injuries recorded in 2010 and 45% of these involved trauma to the upper limbs. 271: 19: 5284: 768:"Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders of the Hand and Wrist: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Sensorimotor Changes" 721:"Musculoskeletal symptoms and associated risk factors in a large sample of Chinese workers in Henan province of China" 422:
safety guards, mechanisms on machinery, and safety barriers. In addition, past problems can be analyzed to find their
5207: 5197: 4952: 4496: 4284: 3459: 3247: 3215: 1538:"Perception of the importance of human-animal interactions on cattle flow and worker safety on Minnesota dairy farms" 223:, improved worker training, and allocation of more time to perform work procedures. Another common type of injury is 4486: 4269: 4323: 4279: 3359: 1241:"Risk factors for incident carpal tunnel syndrome: results of a prospective cohort study of newly-hired workers" 5429: 5384: 5249: 4904: 4641: 4553: 4501: 4440: 4420: 4289: 4052: 3424: 3376: 2647: 2595: 2099: 1688:
Kantor, Elizabeth D.; Rehm, Colin D.; Haas, Jennifer S.; Chan, Andrew T.; Giovannucci, Edward L. (2015-11-03).
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A total of 13,790 notices were issued by the HSE and local authorities, with over £16,700,000 issued in fines.
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US Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. "Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries Charts, 1992-2012."
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Dong, Xiuwen Sue; Wang, Xuanwen; Daw, Christina (2012-06-01). "Fatal falls among older construction workers".
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Other causes include injuries from moving vehicles and other objects, and contact with the moving machinery.
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of heavy loads, misuse or failure of equipment, exposure to general hazards, and inadequate safety training.
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There are many methods of preventing or reducing industrial injuries, including anticipation of problems by
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Palmer, Keith T.; D'Angelo, Stefania; Harris, E. Clare; Linaker, Cathy; Coggon, David (2014-05-01).
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Palmer, Keith T.; D'Angelo, Stefania; Harris, E. Clare; Linaker, Cathy; Coggon, David (2015-03-01).
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Hou, Wen-Hsuan; Chi, Ching-Chi; Lo, Heng-Lien; Chou, Yun-Yun; Kuo, Ken N.; Chuang, Hung-Yi (2017).
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was created to recognize companies and program that excel in the area of hearing loss prevention.
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Evanoff, Bradley; Dale, Ann Marie; Deych, Elena; Ryan, Daniel; Franzblau, Alfred (2012-01-01).
224: 1633:"Sensory impairments, problems of balance and accidental injury at work: a case-control study" 1578: 4909: 4415: 4410: 4385: 4027: 4022: 3960: 3905: 3854: 3476: 3012: 2985: 2657: 2585: 2241: 1139:"Low back injuries related to nursing professionals working conditions: a systematic review" 239:
program encourages employers to purchase tools and machines that produce less noise and the
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Yu, Shanfa; Lu, Ming-Lun; Gu, Guizhen; Zhou, Wenhui; He, Lihua; Wang, Sheng (2012-03-01).
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In all, over 1,900,000 working days were lost in 2013–2014 due to slips, trips and falls.
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Traumatic injuries to the upper limbs are the most frequent type of injury at work in
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While many prevention methods are set in place, injuries may still occur due to poor
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10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(200006)37:6<656::aid-ajim10>3.0.co;2-c
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Istituto nazionale per l'assicurazione contro gli infortuni sul lavoro
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NIOSH Publications on Traumatic Occupational Injury Topics (2008-2009)
2073: 557:"Global estimates of the burden of injury and illness at work in 2012" 23:
Partial stadium collapse at Big12 college football championship - 2005
5060: 5028: 4766: 4576: 4246: 4166: 3980: 3665: 3024: 2925: 2885: 2855: 2776: 2612: 2575: 2348: 2339: 2281: 2226: 1366:"Needlestick Injuries in Agriculture Workers and Prevention Programs" 236: 112: 52: 2316: 889: 720: 5304: 4791: 4661: 4080: 3143: 3133: 3065: 3060: 3029: 2875: 2830: 2708: 2703: 2607: 2485: 2307: 2207: 1428:"Needlestick Injuries in Livestock Workers and Prevention Programs" 2325: 1912: 3710: 3660: 3399: 3349: 3138: 2843: 2527: 2151: 1182:
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associated with high rates of spine, hand, and wrist injuries.
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Barr, Ann E.; Barbe, Mary F.; Clark, Brian D. (October 2004).
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300,000 of the occupational injuries resulted in a fatality.
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International Journal of Critical Illness and Injury Science
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is bodily damage resulting from working. The most common
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Additionally, noise exposure in the workplace can cause
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Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries Charts, 1992-2012
2025: 892:. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health 3405:
List of countries by rate of fatal workplace accidents
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The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy
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National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
1977:"Accident at Work Claims in Kent | Kent Compensation" 162:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
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Occupational injuries can result from exposure to 1969: 1967: 1965: 1963: 1961: 1959: 1957: 1955: 1953: 1951: 1136: 5189:Occupational Safety and Health Act (United States) 4974:Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety 4552: 1804:Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1687: 1935:"Workplace Fatal Injuries In Great Britain, 2020" 561:Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 5421: 4986:National Institute for Safety and Health at Work 1948: 1933:HSE, Health And Safety Executive (1 July 2020). 5034:Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981 2114: 1425: 1363: 1576: 765: 663: 661: 659: 4998:Occupational Safety and Health Administration 4948:European Agency for Safety and Health at Work 4538: 4331: 2416: 2100: 293:Occupational Safety and Health Administration 960: 2029:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1535: 967:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 667: 656: 4642:Coalworker's pneumoconiosis ("black lung") 4545: 4531: 4345: 4338: 4324: 2423: 2409: 2107: 2093: 1321:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1297:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 718: 484:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 4147:Comprehensive Employment and Training Act 1778: 1721: 1664: 1599: 1553: 1426:Buswell, M.; Hourigan, M. (9 June 2014). 1268: 1215: 1150: 994: 799: 639: 629: 588: 3991:Job losses caused by the Great Recession 2673:Simultaneous recruiting of new graduates 1247:. 41 Suppl 1 (Supplement 1): 4450–4452. 1145:. 41 Suppl 1 (Supplement 1): 5737–5738. 401: 371: 358: 338: 18: 5168:Immediately dangerous to life or health 4172:Credentialism and educational inflation 1751:Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1637:Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1579:"Health and safety of the older worker" 1577:Farrow, A.; Reynolds, F. (2012-01-01). 913:American Journal of Industrial Medicine 725:American Journal of Industrial Medicine 514:American Journal of Industrial Medicine 5422: 5355:Workplace hazard controls for COVID-19 4627:Chronic solvent-induced encephalopathy 4043:List of countries by unemployment rate 354: 311: 4526: 4319: 2404: 2088: 2008:. Aston Knight Solicitors. 2019-10-14 1536:Sorge, U.S.; Cherry, C. (July 2014). 1531: 1529: 1421: 1419: 1019:"Injuries, Illnesses, and Fatalities" 956: 954: 952: 950: 5402: 5045:Working Environment Convention, 1977 2941:Practice-based professional learning 334: 250: 181: 16:Bodily damage resulting from working 5214:Workers' right to access the toilet 3489:Workers' right to access the toilet 1932: 1364:Buswell, ML.; Hourigan, M. (2015). 1293:"Noise and Hearing Loss Prevention" 834:- "U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics" 13: 5285:International Chemical Safety Card 1526: 1416: 947: 343:Vehicle accident injury depression 201: 14: 5446: 5295:National Day of Mourning (Canada) 4953:International Labour Organization 2067: 1909:United States Department of Labor 890:"Traumatic Occupational Injuries" 298: 5401: 5373: 5372: 4479: 4478: 4260: 4259: 3553:Corporate collapses and scandals 1200:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05785.x 323:Waste and Recycling: four deaths 194: 189: 151: 2019: 1998: 1942:The Health And Safety Executive 1926: 1897: 1846: 1795: 1738: 1681: 1624: 1570: 1470: 1357: 1333: 1309: 1285: 1232: 1175: 1130: 1087: 1035: 1011: 904: 882: 866: 853: 837: 832:Workplace Safety By The Numbers 5250:Environment, health and safety 4905:Occupational health psychology 4554:Occupational safety and health 4507:Occupational safety and health 4053:Employment-to-population ratio 3425:Occupational health psychology 2430: 2041:10.1002/14651858.CD010183.pub2 979:10.1002/14651858.CD010002.pub3 816: 759: 712: 605: 548: 505: 496: 472: 440:Occupational safety and health 1: 5121:Personal protective equipment 4874:Workplace health surveillance 4466:Therapy in the United Kingdom 4141:Works Progress Administration 4033:Unemployment Convention, 1919 3445:Personal protective equipment 2998:Occupational Outlook Handbook 1867:10.1080/1059924X.2015.1075450 1382:10.1080/1059924X.2015.1106996 465: 450:Occupational exposure banding 420:personal protective equipment 406:Occupational Safety Equipment 397: 286: 146: 5163:Standard operating procedure 5096:Hierarchy of hazard controls 4849:Hierarchy of hazard controls 4222:Psychopathy in the workplace 3395:Human factors and ergonomics 1816:10.1097/JOM.0000000000000465 1496:10.1080/1059924X.2013.796904 1444:10.1080/1059924X.2014.889620 784:10.2519/jospt.2004.34.10.610 573:10.1080/15459624.2013.863131 426:by using a technique called 133: 7: 5300:NIOSH air filtration rating 4992:Health and Safety Executive 4900:Occupational health nursing 4864:Occupational exposure limit 4702:Hospital-acquired infection 4667:Exposure to human nail dust 4207:Narcissism in the workplace 3420:Occupational exposure limit 1188:Journal of Advanced Nursing 433: 171:In a study in the state of 160:According to data from the 10: 5451: 5360:Workplace health promotion 5265:Hawks Nest Tunnel disaster 5039:Worker Protection Standard 4742:Noise-induced hearing loss 4136:Civil Works Administration 4018:Technological unemployment 3494:Workplace health promotion 2951:Professional certification 2648:Personality–job fit theory 2247:Retroperitoneal hemorrhage 1253:10.3233/WOR-2012-0745-4450 1152:10.3233/WOR-2012-0935-5737 291:In the United States, the 254: 166:Bureau of Labor Statistics 5368: 5222: 5176: 5053: 5016: 4966: 4958:World Health Organization 4940: 4928: 4882: 4869:Occupational epidemiology 4854:Prevention through design 4805: 4712:Laboratory animal allergy 4637:Chimney sweeps' carcinoma 4612:Byssinosis ("brown lung") 4560: 4474: 4351: 4255: 4154: 4116:Guaranteed minimum income 4073: 3914: 3788: 3701:Organizational commitment 3653: 3545: 3512: 3375: 3300: 3177: 3104: 3038: 2825: 2747: 2691: 2541: 2438: 2367: 2290: 2257: 2198: 2150: 2127: 2006:"Workplace Injury Advice" 1763:10.1136/oemed-2013-101948 1649:10.1136/oemed-2014-102422 1057:10.1080/00140130110085538 480:"Hazards & Exposures" 385: 5275:Hostile work environment 5255:Environmental toxicology 5148:Redundancy (engineering) 4762:Repetitive strain injury 4497:Aspects of organizations 4436:Repetitive strain injury 4285:Aspects of organizations 3966:Involuntary unemployment 3527:Equal pay for equal work 3450:Repetitive strain injury 2956:Professional development 2946:Professional association 2628:Letter of recommendation 1981:www.kentcompensation.com 1542:Journal of Dairy Science 682:10.1177/0018720811410057 631:10.4103/2229-5151.177365 264:age-related hearing loss 5320:Quality of working life 5106:Administrative controls 4487:Aspects of corporations 4270:Aspects of corporations 4232:Slow movement (culture) 4111:Employer of last resort 4013:Structural unemployment 3951:Frictional unemployment 3390:Epilepsy and employment 3277:Performance-related pay 3211:National average salary 3129:996 working hour system 1855:Journal of Agromedicine 1706:10.1001/jama.2015.13766 1484:Journal of Agromedicine 1432:Journal of Agromedicine 1370:Journal of Agromedicine 317:Construction: 42 deaths 4915:Occupational therapist 4895:Industrial engineering 4687:Glassblower's cataract 4652:Decompression sickness 4346:Aspects of occupations 4280:Aspects of occupations 4086:Unemployment insurance 4038:Unemployment extension 4008:Reserve army of labour 3813:Constructive dismissal 3620:Sleeping while on duty 3585:Exploitation of labour 3467:Sick building syndrome 2643:Person–environment fit 2513:Independent contractor 407: 364: 363:Beekeeper keeping bees 344: 320:Agriculture: 27 deaths 225:carpal tunnel syndrome 24: 5430:Occupational diseases 5385:Occupational diseases 5350:Workers' compensation 4910:Occupational medicine 4772:Silo-filler's disease 4737:Mule spinners' cancer 4502:Aspects of workplaces 4290:Aspects of workplaces 4028:Unemployment benefits 4023:Types of unemployment 3961:Graduate unemployment 3855:Letter of resignation 3484:Workers' compensation 3477:Occupational fatality 2986:Vocational university 2586:Employment counsellor 2354:Occupational injuries 1601:10.1093/occmed/kqr148 1587:Occupational Medicine 1555:10.3168/jds.2014-7971 1245:Work (Reading, Mass.) 1143:Work (Reading, Mass.) 1108:10.3233/WOR-2012-1288 1096:Work (Reading, Mass.) 405: 372:Employer prosecutions 362: 342: 101:blood-borne pathogens 22: 5111:Engineering controls 5086:Emergency evacuation 4890:Environmental health 4657:De Quervain syndrome 4647:Concussions in sport 4096:Job creation program 3872:Mandatory retirement 3825:Employee offboarding 3645:Workplace incivility 3640:Workplace harassment 3415:Occupational disease 3410:Occupational burnout 3325:Disability insurance 3169:Workweek and weekend 2976:Vocational education 2891:Continuing education 2729:Permanent employment 2359:Traumatic amputation 445:Occupational disease 213:health care industry 117:occupational burnout 65:occupational hazards 5245:Effects of overtime 5128:Job safety analysis 5116:Hazard substitution 5081:Emergency procedure 4859:Exposure assessment 4844:Occupational stress 4837:Psychosocial hazard 4817:Occupational hazard 4682:Flock worker's lung 4001:Recession-proof job 3996:Lists of recessions 3934:Economic depression 3882:Retirement planning 3763:Work–life interface 3600:Employee monitoring 3568:Corporate behaviour 3558:Accounting scandals 3440:Occupational stress 3430:Occupational injury 2966:Reflective practice 2961:Professional school 2683:Work-at-home scheme 2603:Induction programme 2581:Employment contract 2561:Business networking 428:root cause analysis 414:, safety training, 241:Safe-In-Sound Award 109:hazardous chemicals 29:occupational injury 5280:Indoor air quality 5184:Diving regulations 5101:Hazard elimination 4920:Safety engineering 4483:See also templates 4264:See also templates 4101:Job creation index 4065:Youth unemployment 3929:Discouraged worker 3818:Wrongful dismissal 3798:At-will employment 3671:Civil conscription 3635:Workplace bullying 3522:Affirmative action 3504:Workplace wellness 3435:Occupational noise 3076:Long service leave 2936:Overspecialization 2916:Induction training 2871:Career development 2322:Penetrating trauma 2242:Grey Turner's sign 2232:Subungual hematoma 1345:www.safeinsound.us 737:10.1002/ajim.21037 526:10.1002/ajim.20226 408: 365: 345: 257:Accident-proneness 25: 5417: 5416: 5330:Safety data sheet 5143:Operations manual 5024:Bangladesh Accord 5012: 5011: 4822:Biological hazard 4520: 4519: 4441:Safety and health 4313: 4312: 4212:Post-work society 4192:Kiss up kick down 3924:Barriers to entry 3889:Severance package 3721:Human trafficking 3615:Sexual harassment 3595:Employee handbook 3514:Equal opportunity 3377:Safety and health 3367:Take-home vehicle 2981:Vocational school 2931:Lifelong learning 2906:Further education 2866:Career counseling 2861:Career assessment 2638:Overqualification 2398: 2397: 1700:(17): 1818–1831. 1051:(13): 1118–1137. 355:Employees at risk 312:Dangerous sectors 268:visual impairment 251:Employees at risk 182:Dangerous sectors 35:involved are the 5442: 5405: 5404: 5376: 5375: 5071:Contingency plan 5066:Code of practice 4938: 4937: 4732:Metal fume fever 4547: 4540: 4533: 4524: 4523: 4482: 4481: 4340: 4333: 4326: 4317: 4316: 4300:Critique of work 4295:Corporate titles 4263: 4262: 4182:Evil corporation 4048:Employment rates 3971:Jobless recovery 3939:Great Depression 3899:Golden parachute 3894:Golden handshake 3691:Job satisfaction 3681:Critique of work 3499:Workplace phobia 3330:Health insurance 3287:Wage compression 3255:Progressive wage 3114:35-hour workweek 3081:No call, no show 3071:Leave of absence 2921:Knowledge worker 2849:Master craftsman 2653:Personality hire 2591:Executive search 2571:Curriculum vitae 2556:Background check 2425: 2418: 2411: 2402: 2401: 2390:Abdominal trauma 2298:Ballistic trauma 2185:Friction blister 2180:Fracture blister 2109: 2102: 2095: 2086: 2085: 2061: 2060: 2023: 2017: 2016: 2014: 2013: 2002: 1996: 1995: 1993: 1992: 1983:. Archived from 1973: 1946: 1945: 1939: 1930: 1924: 1923: 1921: 1920: 1911:. Archived from 1901: 1895: 1894: 1850: 1844: 1843: 1799: 1793: 1792: 1782: 1742: 1736: 1735: 1725: 1685: 1679: 1678: 1668: 1628: 1622: 1621: 1603: 1583: 1574: 1568: 1567: 1557: 1548:(7): 4632–4638. 1533: 1524: 1523: 1474: 1468: 1467: 1465: 1463: 1458:on 5 August 2019 1454:. Archived from 1423: 1414: 1413: 1411: 1409: 1400:. Archived from 1361: 1355: 1354: 1352: 1351: 1337: 1331: 1330: 1328: 1327: 1313: 1307: 1306: 1304: 1303: 1289: 1283: 1282: 1272: 1236: 1230: 1229: 1219: 1179: 1173: 1172: 1154: 1134: 1128: 1127: 1091: 1085: 1084: 1039: 1033: 1032: 1030: 1029: 1015: 1009: 1008: 998: 973:(12): CD010002. 958: 945: 944: 908: 902: 901: 899: 897: 886: 880: 870: 864: 857: 851: 841: 835: 829: 823: 820: 814: 813: 803: 763: 757: 756: 716: 710: 709: 665: 654: 653: 643: 633: 609: 603: 602: 592: 552: 546: 545: 509: 503: 500: 494: 493: 491: 490: 476: 326:Other: 60 deaths 198: 193: 164:(NIOSH) and the 5450: 5449: 5445: 5444: 5443: 5441: 5440: 5439: 5420: 5419: 5418: 5413: 5364: 5345:Toxic workplace 5325:Risk management 5218: 5172: 5153:Risk assessment 5049: 5008: 4962: 4933: 4924: 4878: 4832:Physical hazard 4827:Chemical hazard 4808: 4801: 4566: 4563: 4556: 4551: 4521: 4516: 4492:Aspects of jobs 4470: 4347: 4344: 4314: 4309: 4305:Organized labor 4275:Aspects of jobs 4251: 4242:Toxic workplace 4177:Emotional labor 4150: 4074:Public programs 4069: 3986:Great Recession 3956:Full employment 3944:Long Depression 3910: 3808:Banishment room 3784: 3706:Refusal of work 3649: 3573:Corporate crime 3541: 3508: 3371: 3296: 3173: 3100: 3034: 2911:Graduate school 2821: 2743: 2687: 2678:Underemployment 2537: 2481:Self-employment 2456:Contingent work 2446:Academic tenure 2439:Classifications 2434: 2429: 2399: 2394: 2363: 2286: 2253: 2194: 2190:Sucking blister 2170:Delayed blister 2146: 2123: 2113: 2070: 2065: 2064: 2035:(8): CD010183. 2024: 2020: 2011: 2009: 2004: 2003: 1999: 1990: 1988: 1975: 1974: 1949: 1937: 1931: 1927: 1918: 1916: 1903: 1902: 1898: 1851: 1847: 1800: 1796: 1743: 1739: 1686: 1682: 1629: 1625: 1581: 1575: 1571: 1534: 1527: 1475: 1471: 1461: 1459: 1424: 1417: 1407: 1405: 1362: 1358: 1349: 1347: 1339: 1338: 1334: 1325: 1323: 1315: 1314: 1310: 1301: 1299: 1291: 1290: 1286: 1237: 1233: 1180: 1176: 1135: 1131: 1092: 1088: 1040: 1036: 1027: 1025: 1017: 1016: 1012: 959: 948: 909: 905: 895: 893: 888: 887: 883: 876:. Available at 871: 867: 858: 854: 847:. Available at 842: 838: 830: 826: 821: 817: 778:(10): 610–627. 764: 760: 717: 713: 666: 657: 610: 606: 553: 549: 510: 506: 501: 497: 488: 486: 478: 477: 473: 468: 436: 416:control banding 412:risk assessment 400: 388: 374: 357: 337: 335:Common injuries 314: 301: 289: 259: 253: 204: 202:Common injuries 184: 154: 149: 136: 128:manual handling 17: 12: 11: 5: 5448: 5438: 5437: 5432: 5415: 5414: 5412: 5411: 5399: 5398: 5397: 5392: 5387: 5369: 5366: 5365: 5363: 5362: 5357: 5352: 5347: 5342: 5337: 5335:Source control 5332: 5327: 5322: 5317: 5312: 5310:Process safety 5307: 5302: 5297: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5277: 5272: 5270:Health physics 5267: 5262: 5257: 5252: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5232: 5226: 5224: 5220: 5219: 5217: 5216: 5211: 5201: 5191: 5186: 5180: 5178: 5174: 5173: 5171: 5170: 5165: 5160: 5158:Safety culture 5155: 5150: 5145: 5140: 5138:Permit To Work 5135: 5133:Lockout-tagout 5130: 5125: 5124: 5123: 5118: 5113: 5108: 5103: 5093: 5088: 5083: 5078: 5073: 5068: 5063: 5057: 5055: 5051: 5050: 5048: 5047: 5042: 5036: 5031: 5026: 5020: 5018: 5014: 5013: 5010: 5009: 5007: 5006: 5000: 4995: 4989: 4983: 4977: 4970: 4968: 4964: 4963: 4961: 4960: 4955: 4950: 4944: 4942: 4935: 4926: 4925: 4923: 4922: 4917: 4912: 4907: 4902: 4897: 4892: 4886: 4884: 4880: 4879: 4877: 4876: 4871: 4866: 4861: 4856: 4851: 4846: 4841: 4840: 4839: 4834: 4829: 4824: 4813: 4811: 4803: 4802: 4800: 4799: 4797:Writer's cramp 4794: 4789: 4784: 4779: 4774: 4769: 4764: 4759: 4754: 4752:Pneumoconiosis 4749: 4744: 4739: 4734: 4729: 4724: 4719: 4717:Lead poisoning 4714: 4709: 4704: 4699: 4694: 4692:Golfer's elbow 4689: 4684: 4679: 4677:Fiddler's neck 4674: 4669: 4664: 4659: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4639: 4634: 4632:Chronic stress 4629: 4624: 4619: 4617:Cardiovascular 4614: 4609: 4604: 4599: 4594: 4589: 4584: 4579: 4573: 4571: 4558: 4557: 4550: 4549: 4542: 4535: 4527: 4518: 4517: 4515: 4514: 4509: 4504: 4499: 4494: 4489: 4484: 4475: 4472: 4471: 4469: 4468: 4463: 4458: 4453: 4448: 4443: 4438: 4433: 4431:Rehabilitation 4428: 4423: 4418: 4413: 4408: 4403: 4398: 4393: 4388: 4383: 4378: 4373: 4368: 4363: 4358: 4352: 4349: 4348: 4343: 4342: 4335: 4328: 4320: 4311: 4310: 4308: 4307: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4287: 4282: 4277: 4272: 4266: 4265: 4256: 4253: 4252: 4250: 4249: 4244: 4239: 4234: 4229: 4227:Sunday scaries 4224: 4219: 4214: 4209: 4204: 4199: 4194: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4169: 4164: 4158: 4156: 4152: 4151: 4144: 4143: 4138: 4133: 4128: 4123: 4118: 4113: 4108: 4103: 4098: 4093: 4088: 4083: 4077: 4075: 4071: 4070: 4068: 4067: 4062: 4057: 4056: 4055: 4050: 4040: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4015: 4010: 4005: 4004: 4003: 3998: 3993: 3988: 3978: 3976:Phillips curve 3973: 3968: 3963: 3958: 3953: 3948: 3947: 3946: 3941: 3931: 3926: 3920: 3918: 3912: 3911: 3909: 3908: 3903: 3902: 3901: 3896: 3886: 3885: 3884: 3879: 3877:Retirement age 3874: 3864: 3859: 3858: 3857: 3847: 3842: 3837: 3832: 3830:Exit interview 3827: 3822: 3821: 3820: 3815: 3810: 3800: 3794: 3792: 3786: 3785: 3783: 3782: 3777: 3776: 3775: 3770: 3760: 3755: 3754: 3753: 3748: 3743: 3738: 3733: 3728: 3723: 3718: 3708: 3703: 3698: 3693: 3688: 3683: 3678: 3673: 3668: 3663: 3657: 3655: 3651: 3650: 3648: 3647: 3642: 3637: 3632: 3627: 3622: 3617: 3612: 3607: 3602: 3597: 3592: 3587: 3582: 3580:Discrimination 3577: 3576: 3575: 3570: 3565: 3560: 3549: 3547: 3543: 3542: 3540: 3539: 3534: 3532:Gender pay gap 3529: 3524: 3518: 3516: 3510: 3509: 3507: 3506: 3501: 3496: 3491: 3486: 3481: 3480: 3479: 3469: 3464: 3463: 3462: 3452: 3447: 3442: 3437: 3432: 3427: 3422: 3417: 3412: 3407: 3402: 3397: 3392: 3387: 3381: 3379: 3373: 3372: 3370: 3369: 3364: 3363: 3362: 3352: 3347: 3345:Parental leave 3342: 3340:Marriage leave 3337: 3335:Life insurance 3332: 3327: 3322: 3317: 3312: 3306: 3304: 3298: 3297: 3295: 3294: 3289: 3284: 3279: 3274: 3269: 3264: 3263: 3262: 3252: 3251: 3250: 3245: 3240: 3235: 3225: 3224: 3223: 3218: 3208: 3203: 3198: 3193: 3191:Income bracket 3187: 3185: 3175: 3174: 3172: 3171: 3166: 3161: 3156: 3151: 3146: 3141: 3136: 3131: 3126: 3124:Eight-hour day 3121: 3116: 3110: 3108: 3102: 3101: 3099: 3098: 3093: 3088: 3083: 3078: 3073: 3068: 3063: 3058: 3053: 3048: 3042: 3040: 3036: 3035: 3033: 3032: 3027: 3022: 3021: 3020: 3015: 3005: 3000: 2995: 2990: 2989: 2988: 2983: 2978: 2973: 2968: 2963: 2958: 2953: 2948: 2943: 2938: 2933: 2928: 2923: 2918: 2913: 2908: 2903: 2898: 2893: 2883: 2881:Creative class 2878: 2873: 2868: 2863: 2858: 2853: 2852: 2851: 2841: 2839:Apprenticeship 2835: 2833: 2823: 2822: 2820: 2819: 2814: 2809: 2807:Scarlet-collar 2804: 2799: 2794: 2789: 2784: 2779: 2774: 2769: 2764: 2759: 2753: 2751: 2745: 2744: 2742: 2741: 2736: 2731: 2726: 2721: 2716: 2711: 2706: 2701: 2695: 2693: 2689: 2688: 2686: 2685: 2680: 2675: 2670: 2665: 2660: 2655: 2650: 2645: 2640: 2635: 2630: 2625: 2620: 2615: 2610: 2605: 2600: 2599: 2598: 2588: 2583: 2578: 2573: 2568: 2563: 2558: 2553: 2547: 2545: 2539: 2538: 2536: 2535: 2530: 2525: 2523:Temporary work 2520: 2515: 2510: 2509: 2508: 2503: 2498: 2491:Skilled worker 2488: 2483: 2478: 2473: 2468: 2463: 2458: 2453: 2448: 2442: 2440: 2436: 2435: 2428: 2427: 2420: 2413: 2405: 2396: 2395: 2393: 2392: 2387: 2382: 2377: 2371: 2369: 2365: 2364: 2362: 2361: 2356: 2351: 2346: 2333: 2328: 2319: 2310: 2305: 2300: 2294: 2292: 2288: 2287: 2285: 2284: 2279: 2274: 2269: 2263: 2261: 2255: 2254: 2252: 2251: 2250: 2249: 2244: 2239: 2234: 2229: 2224: 2219: 2204: 2202: 2196: 2195: 2193: 2192: 2187: 2182: 2177: 2172: 2167: 2162: 2156: 2154: 2148: 2147: 2145: 2144: 2143: 2142: 2131: 2129: 2125: 2124: 2112: 2111: 2104: 2097: 2089: 2083: 2082: 2076: 2069: 2068:External links 2066: 2063: 2062: 2018: 1997: 1947: 1925: 1896: 1861:(4): 434–449. 1845: 1810:(7): 795–800. 1794: 1757:(5): 308–312. 1737: 1680: 1643:(3): 195–199. 1623: 1569: 1525: 1490:(3): 256–264. 1469: 1438:(2): 206–207. 1415: 1404:on 12 May 2019 1356: 1332: 1308: 1284: 1231: 1194:(4): 836–845. 1174: 1129: 1086: 1034: 1010: 946: 919:(6): 656–662. 903: 881: 865: 852: 836: 824: 815: 758: 731:(3): 281–293. 711: 676:(3): 303–315. 655: 604: 567:(5): 326–337. 547: 520:(6): 470–481. 504: 495: 470: 469: 467: 464: 463: 462: 457: 455:Safety culture 452: 447: 442: 435: 432: 399: 396: 387: 384: 373: 370: 356: 353: 336: 333: 328: 327: 324: 321: 318: 313: 310: 300: 299:United Kingdom 297: 288: 285: 252: 249: 211:occurs in the 203: 200: 183: 180: 153: 150: 148: 145: 135: 132: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5447: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5427: 5425: 5410: 5409: 5400: 5396: 5395:Organizations 5393: 5391: 5388: 5386: 5383: 5382: 5381: 5380: 5371: 5370: 5367: 5361: 5358: 5356: 5353: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5323: 5321: 5318: 5316: 5315:Public health 5313: 5311: 5308: 5306: 5303: 5301: 5298: 5296: 5293: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5268: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5227: 5225: 5221: 5215: 5212: 5209: 5208:United States 5205: 5202: 5199: 5198:United States 5195: 5192: 5190: 5187: 5185: 5182: 5181: 5179: 5175: 5169: 5166: 5164: 5161: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5126: 5122: 5119: 5117: 5114: 5112: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5099: 5098: 5097: 5094: 5092: 5089: 5087: 5084: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5076:Diving safety 5074: 5072: 5069: 5067: 5064: 5062: 5059: 5058: 5056: 5052: 5046: 5043: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5021: 5019: 5015: 5004: 5001: 4999: 4996: 4993: 4990: 4987: 4984: 4981: 4978: 4975: 4972: 4971: 4969: 4965: 4959: 4956: 4954: 4951: 4949: 4946: 4945: 4943: 4941:International 4939: 4936: 4934:organizations 4931: 4927: 4921: 4918: 4916: 4913: 4911: 4908: 4906: 4903: 4901: 4898: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4887: 4885: 4881: 4875: 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4857: 4855: 4852: 4850: 4847: 4845: 4842: 4838: 4835: 4833: 4830: 4828: 4825: 4823: 4820: 4819: 4818: 4815: 4814: 4812: 4810: 4807:Occupational 4804: 4798: 4795: 4793: 4790: 4788: 4785: 4783: 4780: 4778: 4777:Sports injury 4775: 4773: 4770: 4768: 4765: 4763: 4760: 4758: 4755: 4753: 4750: 4748: 4745: 4743: 4740: 4738: 4735: 4733: 4730: 4728: 4725: 4723: 4722:Low back pain 4720: 4718: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4708: 4705: 4703: 4700: 4698: 4695: 4693: 4690: 4688: 4685: 4683: 4680: 4678: 4675: 4673: 4672:Farmer's lung 4670: 4668: 4665: 4663: 4660: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4643: 4640: 4638: 4635: 4633: 4630: 4628: 4625: 4623: 4620: 4618: 4615: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4605: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4585: 4583: 4580: 4578: 4575: 4574: 4572: 4570: 4565: 4562:Occupational 4559: 4555: 4548: 4543: 4541: 4536: 4534: 4529: 4528: 4525: 4513: 4510: 4508: 4505: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4485: 4477: 4476: 4473: 4467: 4464: 4462: 4459: 4457: 4454: 4452: 4449: 4447: 4444: 4442: 4439: 4437: 4434: 4432: 4429: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4417: 4414: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4404: 4402: 4399: 4397: 4394: 4392: 4389: 4387: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4369: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4357: 4354: 4353: 4350: 4341: 4336: 4334: 4329: 4327: 4322: 4321: 4318: 4306: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4286: 4283: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4273: 4271: 4268: 4267: 4258: 4257: 4254: 4248: 4245: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4230: 4228: 4225: 4223: 4220: 4218: 4215: 4213: 4210: 4208: 4205: 4203: 4202:Make-work job 4200: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4170: 4168: 4165: 4163: 4160: 4159: 4157: 4153: 4149: 4148: 4142: 4139: 4137: 4134: 4132: 4129: 4127: 4124: 4122: 4121:Right to work 4119: 4117: 4114: 4112: 4109: 4107: 4106:Job guarantee 4104: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4092: 4091:Make-work job 4089: 4087: 4084: 4082: 4079: 4078: 4076: 4072: 4066: 4063: 4061: 4058: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4045: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4016: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4002: 3999: 3997: 3994: 3992: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3983: 3982: 3979: 3977: 3974: 3972: 3969: 3967: 3964: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3945: 3942: 3940: 3937: 3936: 3935: 3932: 3930: 3927: 3925: 3922: 3921: 3919: 3917: 3913: 3907: 3904: 3900: 3897: 3895: 3892: 3891: 3890: 3887: 3883: 3880: 3878: 3875: 3873: 3870: 3869: 3868: 3865: 3863: 3862:Restructuring 3860: 3856: 3853: 3852: 3851: 3848: 3846: 3843: 3841: 3840:Notice period 3838: 3836: 3833: 3831: 3828: 3826: 3823: 3819: 3816: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3806: 3805: 3804: 3801: 3799: 3796: 3795: 3793: 3791: 3787: 3781: 3778: 3774: 3771: 3769: 3766: 3765: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3752: 3749: 3747: 3746:Unfree labour 3744: 3742: 3739: 3737: 3734: 3732: 3729: 3727: 3724: 3722: 3719: 3717: 3716:Bonded labour 3714: 3713: 3712: 3709: 3707: 3704: 3702: 3699: 3697: 3694: 3692: 3689: 3687: 3684: 3682: 3679: 3677: 3674: 3672: 3669: 3667: 3664: 3662: 3659: 3658: 3656: 3652: 3646: 3643: 3641: 3638: 3636: 3633: 3631: 3630:Whistleblower 3628: 3626: 3623: 3621: 3618: 3616: 3613: 3611: 3608: 3606: 3603: 3601: 3598: 3596: 3593: 3591: 3588: 3586: 3583: 3581: 3578: 3574: 3571: 3569: 3566: 3564: 3563:Control fraud 3561: 3559: 3556: 3555: 3554: 3551: 3550: 3548: 3544: 3538: 3537:Glass ceiling 3535: 3533: 3530: 3528: 3525: 3523: 3520: 3519: 3517: 3515: 3511: 3505: 3502: 3500: 3497: 3495: 3492: 3490: 3487: 3485: 3482: 3478: 3475: 3474: 3473: 3472:Work accident 3470: 3468: 3465: 3461: 3460:United States 3458: 3457: 3456: 3453: 3451: 3448: 3446: 3443: 3441: 3438: 3436: 3433: 3431: 3428: 3426: 3423: 3421: 3418: 3416: 3413: 3411: 3408: 3406: 3403: 3401: 3398: 3396: 3393: 3391: 3388: 3386: 3383: 3382: 3380: 3378: 3374: 3368: 3365: 3361: 3360:United States 3358: 3357: 3356: 3353: 3351: 3348: 3346: 3343: 3341: 3338: 3336: 3333: 3331: 3328: 3326: 3323: 3321: 3318: 3316: 3315:Casual Friday 3313: 3311: 3308: 3307: 3305: 3303: 3299: 3293: 3290: 3288: 3285: 3283: 3280: 3278: 3275: 3273: 3272:Paid time off 3270: 3268: 3267:Overtime rate 3265: 3261: 3258: 3257: 3256: 3253: 3249: 3248:United States 3246: 3244: 3241: 3239: 3236: 3234: 3231: 3230: 3229: 3226: 3222: 3219: 3217: 3214: 3213: 3212: 3209: 3207: 3204: 3202: 3199: 3197: 3194: 3192: 3189: 3188: 3186: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3170: 3167: 3165: 3162: 3160: 3157: 3155: 3152: 3150: 3147: 3145: 3142: 3140: 3137: 3135: 3132: 3130: 3127: 3125: 3122: 3120: 3119:Four-day week 3117: 3115: 3112: 3111: 3109: 3107: 3103: 3097: 3094: 3092: 3089: 3087: 3084: 3082: 3079: 3077: 3074: 3072: 3069: 3067: 3064: 3062: 3059: 3057: 3054: 3052: 3049: 3047: 3044: 3043: 3041: 3037: 3031: 3028: 3026: 3023: 3019: 3016: 3014: 3011: 3010: 3009: 3006: 3004: 3003:Practice firm 3001: 2999: 2996: 2994: 2991: 2987: 2984: 2982: 2979: 2977: 2974: 2972: 2969: 2967: 2964: 2962: 2959: 2957: 2954: 2952: 2949: 2947: 2944: 2942: 2939: 2937: 2934: 2932: 2929: 2927: 2924: 2922: 2919: 2917: 2914: 2912: 2909: 2907: 2904: 2902: 2901:Employability 2899: 2897: 2894: 2892: 2889: 2888: 2887: 2884: 2882: 2879: 2877: 2874: 2872: 2869: 2867: 2864: 2862: 2859: 2857: 2854: 2850: 2847: 2846: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2837: 2836: 2834: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2818: 2815: 2813: 2810: 2808: 2805: 2803: 2802:Orange-collar 2800: 2798: 2795: 2793: 2790: 2788: 2785: 2783: 2780: 2778: 2775: 2773: 2770: 2768: 2765: 2763: 2760: 2758: 2755: 2754: 2752: 2750: 2749:Working class 2746: 2740: 2737: 2735: 2732: 2730: 2727: 2725: 2722: 2720: 2717: 2715: 2712: 2710: 2707: 2705: 2702: 2700: 2697: 2696: 2694: 2690: 2684: 2681: 2679: 2676: 2674: 2671: 2669: 2666: 2664: 2661: 2659: 2656: 2654: 2651: 2649: 2646: 2644: 2641: 2639: 2636: 2634: 2631: 2629: 2626: 2624: 2623:Job interview 2621: 2619: 2616: 2614: 2611: 2609: 2606: 2604: 2601: 2597: 2594: 2593: 2592: 2589: 2587: 2584: 2582: 2579: 2577: 2574: 2572: 2569: 2567: 2564: 2562: 2559: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2548: 2546: 2544: 2540: 2534: 2531: 2529: 2526: 2524: 2521: 2519: 2516: 2514: 2511: 2507: 2504: 2502: 2499: 2497: 2494: 2493: 2492: 2489: 2487: 2484: 2482: 2479: 2477: 2476:Part-time job 2474: 2472: 2469: 2467: 2464: 2462: 2461:Full-time job 2459: 2457: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2443: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2426: 2421: 2419: 2414: 2412: 2407: 2406: 2403: 2391: 2388: 2386: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2373: 2372: 2370: 2366: 2360: 2357: 2355: 2352: 2350: 2347: 2345: 2344:Chemical burn 2341: 2337: 2334: 2332: 2329: 2327: 2323: 2320: 2318: 2315:/superficial/ 2314: 2311: 2309: 2306: 2304: 2301: 2299: 2296: 2295: 2293: 2289: 2283: 2280: 2278: 2275: 2273: 2270: 2268: 2265: 2264: 2262: 2260: 2256: 2248: 2245: 2243: 2240: 2238: 2237:Cullen's sign 2235: 2233: 2230: 2228: 2225: 2223: 2220: 2218: 2217:Battle's sign 2215: 2214: 2213: 2209: 2206: 2205: 2203: 2201: 2197: 2191: 2188: 2186: 2183: 2181: 2178: 2176: 2175:Edema blister 2173: 2171: 2168: 2166: 2163: 2161: 2160:Blood blister 2158: 2157: 2155: 2153: 2149: 2141: 2138: 2137: 2136: 2133: 2132: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2110: 2105: 2103: 2098: 2096: 2091: 2090: 2087: 2080: 2077: 2075: 2072: 2071: 2058: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2022: 2007: 2001: 1987:on 2016-09-14 1986: 1982: 1978: 1972: 1970: 1968: 1966: 1964: 1962: 1960: 1958: 1956: 1954: 1952: 1943: 1936: 1929: 1915:on 2019-06-09 1914: 1910: 1906: 1900: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1860: 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1006: 1002: 997: 992: 988: 984: 980: 976: 972: 968: 964: 957: 955: 953: 951: 942: 938: 934: 930: 926: 922: 918: 914: 907: 891: 885: 878: 875: 869: 862: 856: 849: 846: 840: 833: 828: 819: 811: 807: 802: 797: 793: 789: 785: 781: 777: 773: 769: 762: 754: 750: 746: 742: 738: 734: 730: 726: 722: 715: 707: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 671: 670:Human Factors 664: 662: 660: 651: 647: 642: 637: 632: 627: 623: 619: 615: 608: 600: 596: 591: 586: 582: 578: 574: 570: 566: 562: 558: 551: 543: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 508: 499: 485: 481: 475: 471: 461: 460:Work accident 458: 456: 453: 451: 448: 446: 443: 441: 438: 437: 431: 429: 425: 421: 417: 413: 404: 395: 393: 383: 380: 377: 369: 361: 352: 349: 341: 332: 325: 322: 319: 316: 315: 309: 305: 296: 294: 284: 281: 275: 273: 269: 265: 258: 248: 244: 242: 238: 234: 229: 226: 222: 221:patient lifts 218: 214: 210: 209:back injuries 199: 197: 192: 187: 179: 176: 174: 169: 167: 163: 158: 152:United States 144: 140: 131: 129: 125: 120: 118: 114: 110: 106: 102: 98: 94: 90: 86: 82: 78: 74: 70: 66: 62: 58: 54: 50: 46: 42: 38: 34: 30: 21: 5406: 5377: 5204:Right to sit 5194:Potty parity 4787:Tennis elbow 4782:Surfer's ear 4727:Mesothelioma 4697:Hearing loss 4568: 4400: 4237:Toxic leader 4217:Presenteeism 4197:Labor rights 4187:Going postal 4162:Bullshit job 4145: 4130: 4125: 3916:Unemployment 3768:Downshifting 3751:Wage slavery 3731:Penal labour 3686:Dead-end job 3676:Conscription 3455:Right to sit 3429: 3310:Annual leave 3292:Working poor 3228:Minimum wage 3206:Maximum wage 3164:Working time 3154:Six-hour day 3056:Career break 3018:Professional 2812:Black-collar 2782:White-collar 2762:Green-collar 2739:Volunteering 2576:Drug testing 2566:Cover letter 2506:Tradesperson 2385:Chest trauma 2353: 2331:Aerosol burn 2313:Blunt trauma 2222:Raccoon eyes 2165:Coma blister 2032: 2028: 2021: 2010:. Retrieved 2000: 1989:. Retrieved 1985:the original 1980: 1941: 1928: 1917:. Retrieved 1913:the original 1908: 1905:"About OSHA" 1899: 1858: 1854: 1848: 1807: 1803: 1797: 1754: 1750: 1740: 1697: 1693: 1683: 1640: 1636: 1626: 1591: 1585: 1572: 1545: 1541: 1487: 1483: 1472: 1460:. Retrieved 1456:the original 1435: 1431: 1406:. Retrieved 1402:the original 1376:(1): 82–90. 1373: 1369: 1359: 1348:. Retrieved 1344: 1335: 1324:. Retrieved 1320: 1311: 1300:. Retrieved 1296: 1287: 1244: 1234: 1191: 1187: 1177: 1142: 1132: 1102:(1): 93–98. 1099: 1095: 1089: 1048: 1044: 1037: 1026:. Retrieved 1022: 1013: 970: 966: 916: 912: 906: 894:. Retrieved 884: 868: 855: 839: 827: 818: 775: 771: 761: 728: 724: 714: 673: 669: 624:(1): 25–32. 621: 617: 607: 564: 560: 550: 517: 513: 507: 498: 487:. Retrieved 483: 474: 409: 389: 381: 378: 375: 366: 350: 346: 329: 306: 302: 290: 276: 260: 245: 233:hearing loss 230: 205: 188: 185: 177: 170: 159: 155: 141: 137: 121: 97:animal bites 81:psychosocial 28: 26: 5240:Drug policy 5177:Legislation 4883:Professions 4707:Indium lung 4602:Brucellosis 4597:Berylliosis 4126:Historical: 3850:Resignation 3790:Termination 3773:Slow living 3741:Truck wages 3726:Labour camp 3654:Willingness 3546:Infractions 3201:Living wage 3149:Remote work 2817:Gold-collar 2772:Pink-collar 2767:Grey-collar 2757:Blue-collar 2724:Labour hire 2699:Cooperative 2663:Recruitment 2618:Job hunting 2551:Application 2533:Wage labour 2518:Labour hire 2471:Job sharing 2380:Head injury 2375:Hand injury 1594:(1): 4–11. 1317:"Buy Quiet" 1023:www.bls.gov 874:About NIOSH 861:About NIOSH 845:About NIOSH 424:root causes 85:temperature 83:), such as 5424:Categories 5340:Toxic tort 5290:Job strain 5260:Ergonomics 5235:Break room 4757:Radium jaw 4747:Phossy jaw 4622:Chalicosis 4592:Barotrauma 4582:Asbestosis 4512:Employment 4421:Psychology 4396:Inequality 4060:Wage curve 3867:Retirement 3780:Workaholic 3758:Work ethic 3625:Wage theft 3610:Labour law 3605:Evaluation 3590:Dress code 3355:Sick leave 3320:Child care 3282:Salary cap 3196:Income tax 3159:Shift work 3096:Time clock 3091:Sick leave 3086:Sabbatical 3051:Break room 3039:Attendance 3008:Profession 2993:Mentorship 2971:Retraining 2896:E-learning 2792:New-collar 2787:Red-collar 2734:Supervisor 2714:Internship 2633:Onboarding 2501:Technician 2496:Journeyman 2466:Gig worker 2432:Employment 2303:Stab wound 2212:Ecchymosis 2012:2019-10-14 1991:2016-04-07 1919:2016-07-06 1350:2016-07-06 1326:2016-07-06 1302:2016-07-06 1045:Ergonomics 1028:2016-04-07 489:2016-07-07 466:References 398:Prevention 287:Regulation 272:depression 255:See also: 173:Washington 147:By country 124:ergonomics 77:biological 5061:Checklist 5029:ISO 45001 5017:Standards 4767:Silicosis 4577:Acrodynia 4456:Therapist 4426:Psychosis 4406:Injustice 4356:Apartheid 4247:Workhouse 4167:Busy work 3981:Recession 3845:Pink slip 3803:Dismissal 3666:Careerism 3260:Singapore 3238:Hong Kong 3106:Schedules 3025:Tradesman 2926:Licensure 2886:Education 2856:Avocation 2797:No-collar 2777:Precariat 2658:Probation 2613:Job fraud 2368:By region 2349:Frostbite 2340:Corrosion 2227:Black eye 2128:Abrasions 2049:1469-493X 1875:1545-0813 1824:1536-5948 1771:1470-7926 1714:1538-3598 1657:1470-7926 1610:1471-8405 1520:205723825 1504:1545-0813 1261:1875-9270 1208:1365-2648 1161:1875-9270 1116:1875-9270 1065:0014-0139 987:1469-493X 933:0271-3586 792:0190-6011 745:1097-0274 690:0018-7208 581:1545-9632 534:0271-3586 237:Buy Quiet 134:Worldwide 113:radiation 5435:Injuries 5390:Journals 5379:Category 5305:Overwork 5223:See also 4976:(Canada) 4967:National 4930:Agencies 4792:Tinnitus 4662:Erethism 4569:injuries 4564:diseases 4416:Prestige 4411:Medicine 4386:Fatality 4155:See also 4081:Workfare 3906:Turnover 3302:Benefits 3183:salaries 3144:Overtime 3134:Flextime 3066:Gap year 3061:Furlough 3030:Vocation 3013:Operator 2876:Coaching 2831:training 2709:Employer 2704:Employee 2608:Job fair 2486:Side job 2308:Splinter 2208:Hematoma 2152:Blisters 2140:Avulsion 2135:Abrasion 2121:injuries 2115:General 2057:23996220 1883:26471953 1840:12696166 1832:26147547 1789:24627304 1732:26529160 1675:25523936 1618:22201131 1564:24835968 1512:23844792 1462:1 August 1452:57252538 1408:1 August 1398:19627557 1390:26478987 1279:22317405 1226:21787370 1169:22317669 1124:22246309 1081:36416297 1073:11794761 1005:29210462 941:10797509 810:15552707 753:22125090 698:22768635 650:27051619 599:24219404 542:16299709 434:See also 105:aerosols 73:chemical 69:physical 57:skeleton 5408:Commons 4988:(Spain) 4982:(Italy) 4809:hygiene 4607:Burnout 4461:Therapy 4446:Science 4391:Hygiene 4381:Disease 4371:Closure 4366:Burnout 4131:U.S.A.: 3736:Peonage 3711:Slavery 3661:Boreout 3400:Karoshi 3350:Pension 3139:On-call 2844:Artisan 2528:Laborer 2200:Bruises 1891:4298056 1780:3984107 1723:4752169 1666:4467023 1270:3752891 1217:3203326 996:6485969 801:1557630 706:8261847 641:4795358 590:4003859 280:(UMASH) 5091:Hazard 5054:Safety 4587:Asthma 4451:Stress 4401:Injury 4361:Asthma 3835:Layoff 3385:Crunch 3243:Europe 3233:Canada 3221:Europe 2827:Career 2668:Résumé 2543:Hiring 2451:Casual 2317:closed 2291:Other: 2277:Spider 2272:Insect 2267:Animal 2259:Biting 2117:wounds 2055:  2047:  1889:  1881:  1873:  1838:  1830:  1822:  1787:  1777:  1769:  1730:  1720:  1712:  1673:  1663:  1655:  1616:  1608:  1562:  1518:  1510:  1502:  1450:  1396:  1388:  1277:  1267:  1259:  1224:  1214:  1206:  1167:  1159:  1122:  1114:  1079:  1071:  1063:  1003:  993:  985:  939:  931:  896:29 May 808:  798:  790:  751:  743:  704:  696:  688:  648:  638:  597:  587:  579:  540:  532:  392:Taiwan 386:Taiwan 217:nurses 115:, and 93:insect 59:, and 43:, the 33:organs 5230:Break 4376:Crime 3696:McJob 3216:World 3179:Wages 3046:Break 2692:Roles 2282:Snake 1938:(PDF) 1887:S2CID 1836:S2CID 1582:(PDF) 1516:S2CID 1448:S2CID 1394:S2CID 1077:S2CID 702:S2CID 89:noise 79:, or 49:lungs 41:hands 37:spine 5041:(US) 5005:(US) 4994:(UK) 4932:and 4567:and 3181:and 2829:and 2596:list 2336:Burn 2326:open 2119:and 2053:PMID 2045:ISSN 1879:PMID 1871:ISSN 1828:PMID 1820:ISSN 1785:PMID 1767:ISSN 1728:PMID 1710:ISSN 1694:JAMA 1671:PMID 1653:ISSN 1614:PMID 1606:ISSN 1560:PMID 1508:PMID 1500:ISSN 1464:2016 1410:2016 1386:PMID 1275:PMID 1257:ISSN 1222:PMID 1204:ISSN 1165:PMID 1157:ISSN 1120:PMID 1112:ISSN 1069:PMID 1061:ISSN 1001:PMID 983:ISSN 971:2017 937:PMID 929:ISSN 898:2009 806:PMID 788:ISSN 749:PMID 741:ISSN 694:PMID 686:ISSN 646:PMID 595:PMID 577:ISSN 538:PMID 530:ISSN 348:UK. 61:skin 53:eyes 45:head 2719:Job 2037:doi 1863:doi 1812:doi 1775:PMC 1759:doi 1718:PMC 1702:doi 1698:314 1661:PMC 1645:doi 1596:doi 1550:doi 1492:doi 1440:doi 1378:doi 1265:PMC 1249:doi 1212:PMC 1196:doi 1147:doi 1104:doi 1053:doi 991:PMC 975:doi 921:doi 796:PMC 780:doi 733:doi 678:doi 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Index


organs
spine
hands
head
lungs
eyes
skeleton
skin
occupational hazards
physical
chemical
biological
psychosocial
temperature
noise
insect
animal bites
blood-borne pathogens
aerosols
hazardous chemicals
radiation
occupational burnout
ergonomics
manual handling
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Washington

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