609:"gates" marked by two garden canes (sticks) and are vertically placed. The gates are just wide enough to get a standard vehicle through. Vehicles start in a stagger, proceeding one by one, and are deemed to have cleared a gate if at least one of the front wheel hubs passes between the canes. The vehicle's attempt ends when it comes to a stop (depending on the exact level of skill the trial is aimed at any stopping may end the attempt, or a few seconds may be allowed). Long-wheelbase vehicles are usually allowed to perform a three-point turn if needed, providing the driver declares where the turn is going to be made before they attempt the course (this puts a strong emphasis on ground-reading ability). This can also be called a "shunt", where the driver has to attempt a gate and then shout "shunt". They are then allowed a space of one and a half car lengths to reverse and line the car better to enter through the gate
593:). This excludes vehicles that are highly modified or specially built. RTV-class vehicles can carry a wide range of suspension modifications, as well as off-road tires (provided they are road-legal), recovery winches, raised air intakes, etc. Vehicles on RTV trials are usually best described as "modified from standard"—they use the standard chassis, drive-train, and body that the vehicle was built with, but are fitted with a wide array of modifications to assist in the trailing. Whilst modification is not necessarily required for an RTV trial, at the very least the vehicle would be expected to have some underbody and over-the-body protection such as skid plates or roll cages, often made from durable
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Energy and
Natural Resources Committee on June 5, 2008. The Senate committee hearing was convened to find out why the agencies are failing to grapple with the negative impacts of off-road vehicle use on US public lands and what the agencies might need to start doing differently. For the first time in perhaps a decade, members of the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee grilled leaders of the Forest Service and the BLM about why off-road vehicle use is being allowed to damage America's national treasures.
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605:. RTV courses are intended to be non-damaging and driven at little more than a walking pace and a course properly laid out would be drivable without damage. However, the terrain usually includes steep slopes, water, side slopes, deep ruts, and other obstacles that could potentially damage a vehicle if mistakes are made or poor driving techniques are used. As such, the use of modifications can increase the chances of success.
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with the bodywork, CCV trialing will usually require more careful use of speed to get the vehicle across certain obstacles will attempting to mitigate the risk of vehicle damage. Whilst no trial is intended to be vehicle-damaging, mistakes and accidents are inevitable. A standard-specification vehicle would not be expected to be able to complete a CCV course, but it would still be possible.
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cause severe and lasting damage to the natural environment on which human-powered and equestrian recreation depends and alter the remote and wild character of the backcountry. Motorized recreation monopolizes forest areas by denying other users the quiet, pristine, backcountry experience they seek. It also presents safety and health threats to other re-creationists.
942:. This is because "two-stroke engines emit about 20 to 33 percent of the consumed fuel through the exhaust" (as the engine lubricant is a "total loss system" and is emitted by design) and "discharge from two-stroke snowmobile engines can lead to indirect pollutant deposition into the top layer of snow and subsequently into the associated surface and groundwater".
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was "flawed because it does not contain a reasonable range of alternatives" to limit damage to sensitive habitat, as required under the
National Environmental Policy Act. Illston found that the Bureau had inadequately analyzed the route's impact on air quality, soils, plant communities and sensitive species, such as the endangered
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Taking center stage in the discussion was the "travel planning process", a complex analysis and decision-making procedure to designate appropriate roads and trails. Both the Forest
Service and BLM have been engaged in somewhat similar travel planning processes now for years, but some of the committee
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It is well-established that the proliferation of off-road vehicles and snowmobile use places soil, vegetation, air and water quality, and wildlife at risk through pollution, erosion, sedimentation of streams, habitat fragmentation and disturbance, and other adverse impacts to resources. These impacts
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ruled against the BLM's proposed designation of additional off-road use on designated open routes on public land. According to the ruling, the BLM violated its regulations when it designated approximately 5,000 miles of off-road vehicle routes in 2006. According to Judge
Illston the BLM's designation
963:
Some U.S. states have laws to reduce noise generated by off-road and non-highway vehicles. Washington is one example: "State law requires off-road and other non-highway vehicles to use specified noise-muffling devices (RCW 46.09.120(1) (e) maximum limits and test procedures). State agencies and local
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The course between the gates is a "section": between the start line and the first gate is "Section 1", the part between the first and second gates is "Section 2" and so on. An RTV course is often laid out so that each section is progressively more difficult, although this is not always the case. If a
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Mudding is off-roading through an area of wet mud or clay, leading to extremely low traction and problems with moving forward. The goal is to drive as far as possible without getting stuck. There are many types of tires that are often used for this activity, including balloon tires, mud-terrain tires
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CCV trialing differs greatly from RTV trials in the vehicles used. Since CCV judges adopt an "anything goes" attitude, CCV trials rely on having the correct vehicle to a much greater extent than in an RTV trial. Competitors can design and build vehicles that are much more optimized for off-road use,
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RTV trials usually take place on farmland, a quarry site, or at a dedicated off-road driving center and are usually organized by a dedicated trialing body (such as the All-Wheel Drive Club or the
Association of Land Rover clubs in the UK, or by a vehicle owner's club. The course consists of 10 to 12
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involves driving over rocky terrain, with the goal being to get as far as possible with the fewest penalties. Penalties are received for striking cones, using a winch to get unstuck, going out of bounds, and going in reverse. These rules lead to the sport being technical, with drivers having to plan
1102:, D-NM. "Likewise, the Forest Service has identified unmanaged recreation — including ORV use — as one of the top four threats to the management and health of the National Forest System. Despite these statements, it seems to me that neither agency has been able to successfully manage off-road use."
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The House
Natural Resources Committee Subcommittee on National Parks, Forests and Public Lands held an oversight hearing on "The Impacts of Unmanaged Off-Road Vehicles on Federal Land" on March 13, 2008. A second hearing on off-highway vehicle (OHV) management on public lands was held by the Senate
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Cross
Country Vehicle (CCV) trialing is the next step up from RTV trialing and is open to non-road-legal vehicles, which greatly increases the scope for modification. The terrain covered will be of greater difficulty than that found on an RTV trial. Since there is a risk of touching rocks and trees
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wheels, which allow tire pressure to be lowered even further without risking separation of the tire and rim. Upon entering the desert, it is customary for drivers to meet with a pack of other vehicles and a group leader before proceeding. The group leader then leads the pack through the stunts in a
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Vehicles are required to meet certain safety regulations. Roll-cages must be fitted and be built to a suitable standard, recovery points must be fitted front and rear and fuel tanks must meet certain standards. A 4-point harness for all occupants is required and a fire extinguisher is recommended.
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Since the terrain covered in RTV trials should be well within the capabilities of any reasonably capable vehicle (even in standard form), these trials emphasize driver skill and ground-reading abilities. Skill and experience have a larger bearing on success than having a well-equipped and modified
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series of vehicles also make good bases for CCV-spec vehicles. Some vehicles are specially built, taking the form of light "buggies" with tractor tires and "fiddle" brakes (fiddle brakes give the ability to lock a wheel, which enables much better turning, better control descending hills, traction
1089:
Several environmental organizations, including the
Rangers for Responsible Recreation, are campaigning to draw attention to a growing threat posed by off-road vehicle misuse and to assist overmatched land managers in addressing ORV use impacts. These campaigns in part have prompted congressional
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which can leave hiking trails impassable. ORV proponents argue that legal use taking place under planned access along with the multiple environment and trail conservation efforts by ORV groups will mitigate these issues. Groups such as the BlueRibbon
Coalition advocate for the responsible use of
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with various competitive motoring elements such as speed tests (sometimes called "rally racing" in United States), navigation tests, or the ability to reach waypoints or a destination at a prescribed time or average speed. Rallies may be short in the form of trials at a single venue, or several
580:
All progress is made at low speed and the emphasis is on skill rather than on finishing first, although trialing can be highly competitive. There are three traditional forms of off-road trialing. During some competitive events, such as the Turkey Run in Idaho and other events around the United
1105:"Existing rules for managing off-road vehicles are not being enforced," Bingaman added, and the agencies are ignoring unregulated use "with significant consequences for the health of our public lands and communities, and adverse effects on other authorized public land uses."
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The court also found that the BLM failed to follow route restrictions established in the agency's conservation plan, resulting in the establishment of hundreds of illegal OHV routes during the previous three decades. The plan violated the BLM's regulations, specifically the
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driver fails to complete
Section 1 they are given 10 points. If the attempt ends in Section 2, 9 points are awarded, etc. A clear round results in gaining only 1 point. A day's event will consist of many different courses and the driver with the lowest score is the winner.
727:, retaining the Range Rover's V8 engine and coil-spring suspension in a light, maneuverable body. In recent years, the value of early Land Rovers and Range Rovers has risen to the extent that this is no longer practical. CCV trailers now usually base their vehicles around
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or riding in a vehicle on unpaved surfaces such as sand, dirt, gravel, riverbeds, mud, snow, rocks, or other natural terrain. Off-roading ranges from casual drives with regular vehicles to competitive events with customized vehicles and skilled drivers.
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members didn't seem to think those processes were going along so well. "The BLM has identified travel management on its lands as ‘one of the greatest management challenges’ it faces," stated committee Chairman
1085:
Scalia noted that off-road vehicle use on federal land has "negative environmental consequences including soil disruption and compaction, harassment of animals, and annoyance of wilderness lovers.
1008:(NEPA). The ruling was considered a success for a coalition of conservation groups including the Friends of Juniper Flats, Community Off-road Vehicle Watch, California Native Plant Society,
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Off-road vehicles are either capable of or specifically developed for off-road driving. These vehicles often have features designed specifically for use in off-road conditions such as
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Depending on the format, rallies may be organised on private or public roads, open or closed to traffic, or off-road in the form of cross country or rally-raid. Competitors can use
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996:, pointing out that the United States Congress has declared that the California Desert and its resources are "extremely fragile, easily scarred, and slowly healed".
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RTV (Road Taxed Vehicle) trialing is the most common form of trialing. As the name suggests, it is for vehicles that are road-legal (and thus required to pay
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533:, where the main objective is to complete a challenging course of (mostly unpaved) roads and (often muddy, and frequently uphill) off-road terrain.
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and wide stance between the front enlarged tires, which maintains optimal stability at high speed. These types of trucks are often called
1044:, were created specifically for ORVs and related purposes. However, such designations have not prevented damage or abuse of the policy.
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than in the lower ranks of trialing. CCV vehicles have powerful engines, high ground clearance, light, minimalist bodywork, and good
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Rallying is typically distinguished from other forms of motorsport by not running directly against other competitors over laps of a
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governments may adopt regulations governing the operation of non-highway vehicles on property, streets, or highways within their
406:
Rock racing involves driving over rocks, but unlike rock crawling, does not specify penalties for striking cones, backing up, or
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gear ratio to obtain characteristics suitable for low-speed operation for traversing obstacles. Commonly, rock crawlers have a "
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single file line. The rationale for this technique is to prevent drivers from becoming disoriented and getting lost.
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968:, provided they are not less stringent than state law (RCW 46.09.180 regulation by local political subdivisions)".
572:", who is an assistant on foot by the vehicle to provide information about areas out of the driver's field of view
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ahead to reduce the penalties they receive. Vehicles used for rock crawling are usually modified with different
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are often used. Vehicles driven on sand dunes are often equipped with a roll cage for safety in the case of an
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with numerous pots and bumps. Drivers often use rear-wheel drive and 4-wheel drive trucks with long-travel
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has been criticized by some members of the U.S. government and environmental organizations including the
723:, removing the body, cutting the chassis down to an 80-inch wheelbase, and attaching it to the body of a
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if being used on open roads or specially built competition vehicles suited to crossing specific terrain.
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This form of motorsport is one of the oldest to survive to this day, dating back at least to the 1920s.
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and others have cited possible negative behavioral changes in wildlife as the result of some ORV use.
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410:. In addition, rock racing incorporates a level of high-speed racing that is not characteristic of
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2019:
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In some countries off-road activities are strictly regulated, while others promote cross-country
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High-speed racing in the desert includes chases and racing at maximum speed through rough desert
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719:. For many years, in the UK, the ultimate CCV vehicle could be built by taking the chassis of a
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1617:"Come Ride With Me! Daily Life with a Lifted Jeep Wrangler JK (Video) - The Fast Lane Truck"
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The event is run along the same lines as RTV, with a course made up of cane-marked gates.
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tracks also host several events and may be the only legal place to off-road in the area.
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The Four-Wheeler's Bible: The Complete Guide to Off-Road and Overland Adventure Driving
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1869:"Addressing the Ecological Effects of Off-Road Vehicles | the Wilderness Society"
938:, previously common in vehicles designed for off-road use, also causes concerns about
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865:, which are a test of navigation skills and machine durability. Off-road parks and
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2064:"Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility: Off-Road Wreckreation - Home"
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and partial or total bans on ORVs. To accommodate enthusiasts, some parks like
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listed several problems that result from ORV use in natural areas. From the
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control by slowing or locking the spinning wheel) for the best performance.
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1912:"Frequently Asked Questions about Noise Pollution -- for Local Government"
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Negative environmental effects caused by a motorcycle to a portion of the
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1779:"Mojave lizard may get protection; off-road vehicles are cited as threat"
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518:, although it is illegal on public land due to the environmental impact.
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1572:"Differential Gear Ratio to Tire Size Guide | Modifind.com - Off Road"
980:(BLM) supervises several large off-road vehicle areas in California's
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hearings about the growing impact of unmanaged off-road vehicle use.
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105:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
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902:. They have noted several consequences of illegal ORV use such as
1375:"All You Need to Know about Dune Bashing in Dubai - Travel Dudes"
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Damage that occurred when vehicles left the posted trail in the
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1691:"USDA Forest Service - Caring for the land and serving people"
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In 2004, several environmental organizations sent a letter to
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1753:"National Collection of Imperiled Plants - Pholisma sonorae"
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321:
Dune bashing is a specific form of off-roading performed on
1592:"Off-Road Spotting Basics: "Left. No, no your other left!""
1395:"Sand Duning and Off-roading in the Desert - Surf The Sand"
355:
of the vehicle on the sand, comparable to a person wearing
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214:
2002:"Judge rejects U.S. management plan for California desert"
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1495:
2239:
710:
Suzuki SJ based trial car, showing an external roll-cage
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States, point systems may be used to determine rewards.
351:
by increasing the footprint of the tire and lowering the
1734:"Off-Road Vehicles and Public Lands: A National Problem"
2107:"U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources"
731:
or a standard 100-inch chassis from a Range Rover or
1978:"Judge rejects federal plan for SoCal desert routes"
299:
1894:"The Impacts of Off-Road Vehicle Noise on Wildlife"
948:is also a concern and several studies conducted by
475:thousand miles long in an extreme endurance rally.
2046:"Supreme Court Rejects Wilderness Protection Suit"
1306:International Organization of Professional Drivers
1154:Video games that allow users to off-road include
27:Activity of driving on unsurfaced roads or tracks
2484:
2020:"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center (CFWSC)"
1946:"Off-road Routes in Mojave Desert Found Illegal"
1020:who initiated the legal challenge in late 2006.
1755:. Center for Plant Conservation. Archived from
2133:(3rd ed.). Beverly, MA, USA: Motorbooks.
1643:"Off-Roading 101 - Driving Tips and Equipment"
1349:"15 of the Best Off-Road Vehicles You Can Buy"
1002:Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976
2189:
2026:
1726:
1023:
146:The examples and perspective in this article
971:
786:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
667:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
560:, suspension components that allow greater
496:
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2196:
2182:
2128:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1861:
1801:"Officials seek to protect desert reptile"
1815:
1322:
1006:National Environmental Policy Act of 1969
806:Learn how and when to remove this message
687:Learn how and when to remove this message
202:Learn how and when to remove this message
184:Learn how and when to remove this message
121:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1472:"When Rock Crawling Turned Rock Racing"
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927:public lands for off-road activities.
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2000:Sahagun, Louis (September 30, 2009).
1541:
1325:"Why Are Jeep Rubicons So Expensive?"
1280:Environmental Hazards of Dune Bashing
747:
575:
2129:Allen, Jim; Weber, James J. (2021).
1967:
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1150:Category:Off-road racing video games
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784:adding citations to reliable sources
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665:adding citations to reliable sources
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2012:
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1716:"Sierra Club Conservation Policies"
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1010:The Center for Biological Diversity
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24:
1807:. January 11, 2008. Archived from
1634:
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886:Off-road vehicle impact in SW Utah
521:Mud plugging, as practiced in the
505:Land Rover Series III mud plugging
370:
25:
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2149:
1785:. 12 January 2008. Archived from
1412:
1373:Thompson, Macaulay (2022-04-04).
514:. The activity is popular in the
359:to walk on snow without sinking.
300:Types of recreational off-roading
45:This article has multiple issues.
2154:
2089:"Committee on Natural Resources"
2043:
1849:BlueRibbon Coalition/ShareTrails
1750:
1496:United States Forestry Service.
1128:
1113:
756:
637:
547:
433:This section is an excerpt from
381:
137:
75:
34:
2503:Human impact on the environment
2121:
2099:
2081:
2056:
1837:
1659:
1609:
1584:
1563:
1511:
629:Non legal Cross-Country Vehicle
620:
584:
304:
53:or discuss these issues on the
1823:"Recent questions and answers"
1464:
1439:
1387:
1366:
1341:
1316:
1297:
1137:Anza-Borrego Desert State Park
978:U.S. Bureau of Land Management
401:
347:is often reduced to gain more
13:
1:
1667:"CCV - Cross Country Vehicle"
1285:
1206:Approach and departure angles
1038:Big Cypress National Preserve
987:In 2009, U.S. District Judge
717:approach and departure angles
2307:Short course off-road racing
1570:Deysel, A. J. (2019-11-11).
1498:"Willamette National Forest"
1143:
1058:United States Forest Service
851:Russian Baja Northern Forest
362:Some cars are equipped with
7:
1641:Gambino, Joe (2020-12-13).
1189:
954:California State University
417:
160:, discuss the issue on the
101:the claims made and adding
10:
2519:
1147:
1122:Los Padres National Forest
1079:Environmental News Service
1032:have discussed or enacted
1024:Roadless area conservation
847:Abu Dhabi Desert Challenge
543:Jeep Rubicon rock crawling
470:is a wide-ranging form of
432:
374:
265:
2462:
2315:
2212:
2170:, The National Trust (UK)
1519:"Muddy Run Raceway Rules"
994:Mojave fringe-toed lizard
972:Mojave desert controversy
831:off-road endurance events
1805:Las Vegas Review-Journal
1447:"Prerunner Building 101"
1290:
950:Montana State University
890:Off-road vehicle use on
497:Mudding and mud plugging
461:World Rally Championship
2346:Cross-country rallying
2033:Letter to Dale Bosworth
1109:Off-Road Vehicle Damage
482:vehicles which must be
1087:
1067:
1018:The Wilderness Society
900:The Wilderness Society
887:
826:
711:
630:
544:
506:
464:
455:on gravel at the 2006
333:Sport-utility vehicles
318:
247:
235:
223:
2397:Dual-sport motorcycle
2163:at Wikimedia Commons
2111:www.energy.senate.gov
1740:on December 14, 2006.
1704:on November 19, 2004.
1226:Dual-sport motorcycle
1083:
1062:
958:University of Florida
934:the use of old-style
885:
821:
709:
628:
564:, and changes in the
542:
504:
444:
312:
241:
229:
217:
2213:Types of off-roading
1811:on December 5, 2008.
1789:on December 4, 2008.
1722:on December 1, 2006.
878:Environmental impact
873:Criticism of ORV use
780:improve this section
729:Land Rover Defenders
661:improve this section
166:create a new article
158:improve this article
148:may not represent a
2429:Rally support truck
2325:All-terrain vehicle
1523:muddyrunraceway.com
1233:Game viewer vehicle
1196:All-terrain vehicle
932:U.S. Forest Service
924:habitat destruction
863:Baja 500 & 1000
855:King of the Hammers
725:Series I Land Rover
220:Land Rover Defender
2498:Outdoor recreation
1759:on 4 November 2012
1751:Rice, Kathleen C.
1529:on 11 January 2017
1427:www.offroaders.com
1401:. 5 September 2020
1201:Amphibious vehicle
1178:Dakar Desert Rally
1173:Grand Theft Auto V
936:two-stroke engines
920:species extinction
888:
827:
824:Triumph Bonneville
748:Off-roading events
733:Series I Discovery
712:
631:
576:Competitive trials
545:
507:
465:
319:
292:, or strengthened
248:
236:
224:
86:possibly contains
2480:
2479:
2407:Trials motorcycle
2402:Enduro motorcycle
2317:Off-road vehicles
2250:Dirt track racing
2159:Media related to
2006:Los Angeles Times
1833:on July 11, 2015.
1783:Los Angeles Times
1647:Rogue Fabrication
1623:. 11 January 2018
1399:sand-boarding.com
1253:Ramp travel index
1048:Public statements
930:According to the
816:
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313:A 5th-generation
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168:, as appropriate.
131:
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88:original research
68:
16:(Redirected from
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2424:Off-road go-kart
2414:Four-wheel drive
2265:Formula Off Road
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2168:Man-made erosion
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268:Off-road vehicle
262:Off-road vehicle
246:beach, Australia
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1274:Further reading
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1056:, Chief of the
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1014:The Sierra Club
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377:Off-road racing
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371:Off-road racing
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2098:
2095:on 2008-03-26.
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380:
375:Main article:
372:
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278:off-road tires
266:Main article:
263:
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253:is the act of
222:90 off-roading
210:
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152:of the subject
150:worldwide view
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2070:on 2008-05-09
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2015:
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1996:
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1983:
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1956:on 2012-04-15
1955:
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1924:on 2012-02-07
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1100:Jeff Bingaman
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1071:Supreme Court
1066:
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1054:Dale Bosworth
1045:
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1021:
1019:
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989:Susan Illston
985:
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765:This section
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718:
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656:
655:
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646:This section
644:
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614:
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604:
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592:
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573:
571:
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563:
559:
554:
553:Rock crawling
548:Rock crawling
541:
537:
534:
532:
528:
524:
519:
517:
516:United States
513:
503:
491:
487:
485:
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476:
473:
469:
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458:
454:
451:
447:
443:
436:
430:
429:
426:
415:
413:
412:rock crawling
409:
399:
397:
396:Trophy trucks
393:
389:
382:Desert racing
378:
368:
365:
360:
358:
354:
350:
346:
345:tire pressure
342:
338:
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324:
316:
311:
297:
295:
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283:
279:
275:
269:
259:
256:
252:
245:
244:Fraser Island
240:
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203:
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163:
159:
153:
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144:
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114:
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100:
96:
90:
89:
84:This article
82:
73:
72:
67:
65:
58:
57:
52:
51:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
2469:
2449:Trophy truck
2444:Side-by-side
2434:Rock crawler
2255:Dune bashing
2235:Beach racing
2225:Green laning
2204:
2153:
2130:
2122:Bibliography
2110:
2101:
2093:the original
2083:
2072:. Retrieved
2068:the original
2058:
2049:
2039:
2028:
2014:
2005:
1981:
1958:. Retrieved
1954:the original
1949:
1926:. Retrieved
1919:the original
1906:
1898:the original
1888:
1877:. Retrieved
1873:the original
1863:
1852:. Retrieved
1848:
1839:
1831:the original
1826:
1817:
1809:the original
1804:
1795:
1787:the original
1782:
1773:
1761:. Retrieved
1757:the original
1746:
1738:the original
1728:
1720:the original
1710:
1702:the original
1697:
1685:
1674:. Retrieved
1670:
1661:
1650:. Retrieved
1646:
1636:
1625:. Retrieved
1621:tfltruck.com
1620:
1611:
1600:. Retrieved
1598:. 2011-12-29
1595:
1586:
1575:. Retrieved
1565:
1553:. Retrieved
1543:
1531:. Retrieved
1527:the original
1522:
1513:
1501:. Retrieved
1491:
1480:. Retrieved
1478:. 2015-04-30
1475:
1466:
1455:. Retrieved
1453:. 2018-06-20
1450:
1441:
1430:. Retrieved
1426:
1403:. Retrieved
1398:
1389:
1378:. Retrieved
1368:
1357:. Retrieved
1355:. 2021-06-09
1352:
1343:
1332:. Retrieved
1328:
1318:
1305:
1299:
1268:Trophy truck
1263:Side-by-side
1181:
1177:
1171:
1161:
1155:
1153:
1104:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1069:In 2004 the
1068:
1063:
1051:
1027:
998:
986:
975:
966:jurisdiction
962:
944:
929:
889:
839:Spanish Baja
828:
802:
796:October 2023
793:
778:Please help
766:
742:
713:
702:
698:
683:
677:October 2023
674:
659:Please help
647:
621:CCV trialing
615:
611:
607:
588:
585:RTV trailing
579:
566:differential
551:
535:
520:
512:paddle tires
508:
477:
466:
457:Cyprus Rally
425:See article:
424:
423:
405:
385:
361:
329:Dune Buggies
327:
320:
317:dune bashing
305:Dune bashing
271:
250:
249:
232:Unimog U1600
198:
180:
171:
147:
117:
108:
85:
61:
54:
48:
47:Please help
44:
2493:Off-roading
2471:PowerNation
2380:RallyGP/2/3
2270:Mud bogging
2205:Off-roading
2161:Off-roading
2044:Pegg, J.R.
1671:nero.org.uk
1533:1 September
1476:DrivingLine
1258:Ride height
1248:Overlanding
1243:Mud bogging
1163:Dirt Series
1148:Main page:
918:, possible
896:Sierra Club
892:public land
835:Dakar Rally
721:Range Rover
453:Impreza WRC
402:Rock racing
315:Ford Bronco
294:drivetrains
282:skid plates
251:Off-roading
234:off-roading
2487:Categories
2340:Dune buggy
2297:Rally raid
2292:Rallycross
2074:2010-01-09
1960:2009-10-09
1928:2006-10-27
1879:2009-01-19
1854:2023-10-18
1676:2023-11-11
1652:2022-02-19
1627:2018-01-19
1602:2018-01-19
1596:RoverGuide
1577:2020-02-17
1548:US Gov't.
1482:2023-09-24
1457:2019-09-23
1432:2023-09-24
1405:2022-06-08
1380:2023-09-24
1359:2021-10-20
1353:MotorTrend
1334:2021-10-20
1286:References
1183:MotorStorm
1180:, and the
1028:Many U.S.
603:mild steel
527:motorsport
484:road-legal
480:production
472:motorsport
448:driving a
392:suspension
323:sand dunes
290:roll cages
174:April 2013
95:improve it
50:improve it
2387:Crosskart
2275:Motocross
1698:fs.fed.us
1329:Rig Rebel
1221:Dirt Bike
1167:MudRunner
1144:In gaming
1081:article:
940:pollution
904:pollution
867:motocross
833:like the
767:does not
737:Suzuki SJ
648:does not
599:aluminium
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788:removed
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