191:
1126:: Ibn Nadeem, "Fihrist", Translated by Reza Tajaddod, Ibn Sina publishers, 1967. ابن ندیم در الفهرست می‌نویسد: (= اما فهلوی منسوب است به فهله كه نام نهاده شده است بر پنج شهر: اصفهان و ری و همدان و ماه نهاوند و آذربایجان. و دری لغت شهرهای مداین است و درباریان پادشاه بدان زبان سخن می‌گفتند و منسوب است به مردم دربار و لغت اهل خراسان و مشرق و لغت مردم بلخ بر آن زبان غالب است. اما فارسی كلامی است كه موبدان و علما و مانند ایشان بدان سخن گویند و آن زبان مردم اهل فارس باشد. اما خوزی زبانی است كه ملوك و اشراف در خلوت و مواضع لعب و لذت با ندیمان و حاشیت خود گفت‌وگو كنند. اما سریانی آن است كه مردم سواد بدان سخن رانند). ابن ندیم، محمد بن اسحاق: «فهرست»، ترجمه‌ی رضا تجدد، انتشارات ابن سینا، 1346 Original Arabic. Ibn Nadeem, Al-Fihrist. www.alwaraq.com accessed in September 2007. فأما الفهلویة فمنسوب إلى فهله اسم یقع على خمسة بلدان وهی أصفهان والری وهمدان وماه نهاوند وأذربیجان وأما الدریة فلغة مدن المدائن وبها كان یتكلم من بباب الملك وهی منسوبة إلى حاضرة الباب والغالب علیها من لغة أهل خراسان والمشرق و اللغة أهل بلخ وأما الفارسیة فتكلم بها الموابدة والعلماء وأشباههم وهی لغة أهل فارس وأما الخوزیة فبها كان یتكلم الملوك والأشراف فی الخلوة ومواضع اللعب واللذة ومع الحاشیة وأما السریانیة فكان یتكلم بها أهل السواد والمكاتبة فی نوع من اللغة بالسریانی فارسی
1363:حافظ حسین کربلائی تبریزی، «روضات الجنان»، بنگاه ترجمه و نشر کتاب، 1344-1349 1965-1970. Karbalai Tabrizi, Hussein. "Rawdat al-jinan va Jannat al-Janan", Bungah-I Tarjumah va Nashr-I Kitab, 1344-49 (1965-1970), 2 volumes. در روضات الجنان، دفتر نخست، ص 115 «مرقد و مزار...خواجه عبدالرحیم اژابادی...در سرخاب مشخص و معین است...وی تبریزی اند منسوب به کوچۀ اچاباد(اژآباد) که کوچۀ معینی است در تبریز در حوالی درب اعلی...و از او چنین استماع افتاده که حضرت خواجه در اوایل به صنعت بافندگی ابریشم مشعوری می نموده اند و خالی از جمعیتی و ثروتی نبوده و بسیار اخلاص به درویشان داشته، روزی حضرت بابا مزید وی را دیده و به نظر حقیقت شناخته که درر معرف الهی در صدف سینه اش مختفی است، گفته: عبدالرحیم بوری بوری یعنی بیا بیا، که دیگران را نان از بازار است و تو را از خانه یعنی کلام تو از الهامات ربانی باشد.»
1154:(Al Mas'udi, Kitab al-Tanbih wa-l-Ishraf, De Goeje, M.J. (ed.), Leiden, Brill, 1894, pp. 77-8). Original Arabic from www.alwaraq.net: فالفرس أمة حد بلادها الجبال من الماهات وغیرها وآذربیجان إلى ما یلی بلاد أرمینیة وأران والبیلقان إلى دربند وهو الباب والأبواب والری وطبرستن والمسقط والشابران وجرجان وابرشهر، وهی نیسابور، وهراة ومرو وغیر ذلك من بلاد خراسان وسجستان وكرمان وفارس والأهواز، وما اتصل بذلك من أرض الأعاجم فی هذا الوقت وكل هذه البلاد كانت مملكة واحدة ملكها ملك واحد ولسانها واحد، إلا أنهم كانوا یتباینون فی شیء یسیر من اللغات وذلك أن اللغة إنما تكون واحدة بأن تكون حروفها التی تكتب واحدة وتألیف حروفها تألیف واحد، وإن اختلفت بعد ذلك فی سائر الأشیاء الأخر كالفهلویة والدریة والآذریة وغیرها من لغات الفرس.
470:
is the language of the cities of Fars. Dari is the dialect of the cities of
Ctesiphon and was spoken in the kings' /dabariyan/ 'courts'. The root of its name is related to its use; /darbar/ 'court* is implied in /dar/. The vocabulary of the natives of Balkh was dominant in this language, which includes the dialects of the eastern peoples. Khuzi is associated with the cities of Khuzistan where kings and dignitaries used it in private conversation and during leisure time, in the bath houses for instance.
190:
1259:مستوفی، حمدالله: "نزهةالقلوب"، به كوشش محمد دبیرسیاقی، انتشارات طهوری، 1336 Mostawafi, Hamdallah. Nozhat al-Qolub. Edit by Muhammad Dabir Sayyaqi. Tahuri publishers, 1957, pg 98. یك جمله از زبان تبریزیان در «نزهةالقلوب» حمدالله مستوفی : تبارزه اگر صاحب حُسنی را با لباس ناسزا یابند، گویند "انگور خلوقی بی چه، در درّ سوه اندرین"؛ یعنی انگور خلوقی( انگوری مرغوب) است در سبد دریده»
505:, and Sejistan and Kerman and Fars and Ahvaz...All these lands were once one kingdom with one sovereign and one language...although the language differed slightly. The language, however, is one, in that its letters are written the same way and used the same way in composition. There are, then, different languages such as Pahlavi, Dari, Azari, as well as other Persian languages.
643:بدیذم چشم مستت رفتم اژ دست // كوام و آذر دلی كویا بتی مست // دل‌ام خود رفت و می‌دانم كه روژی // به مهرت هم بشی خوش گیانم اژ دست // به آب زندگی ای خوش عبارت // لوانت لاود جمن دیل و گیان بست // دمی بر عاشق خود مهربان شو // كزی سر مهرورزی كست و نی كست // به عشق‌ات گر همام از جان برآیذ // مواژش كان بوان بمرت وارست // كرم خا و ابری بشم بوینی // به بویت خته بام ژاهنام
1201:
Jean During, "The Spirit of Sounds: The Unique Art of Ostad Elahi", Cornwall Books, 2003. Excerpt from pg 172: "In this
Maqased ol al-han (1418), Maraghi mentions the Turkish and the Shirvani tanbour, which had two strings tuned in second (which the Kurds and Lors call Farangi) and was quite popular
464:
A very similar statement is given by the medieval historian Hamzeh
Isfahani when talking about Sassanid Iran. Hamzeh Isfahani writes in the book Al-Tanbih ‘ala Hoduth alTashif that five "tongues" or dialects, were common in Sassanian Iran: Fahlavi, Dari, Persian, Khuzi and Soryani. Hamzeh (893-961
478:
The language of the people of
Azerbaijan and most of the people of Armenia is Iranian (al-farssya), which binds them together, while Arabic is also used among them; among those who speak al-faressya (here he seemingly means Persian, spoken by the elite of the urban population), there are few who do
469:
Fahlavi was a dialect which kings spoke in their assemblies and it is related to Fahleh. This name is used to designate five cities of Iran, Esfahan, Rey, Hamadan, Man
Nahavand, and Azerbaijan. Persian is a dialect which was spoken by the clergy (Zoroastrian) and those who associated with them and
335:
of the area. According to some accounts, it may have survived for several centuries after that up to the 16th or 17th century. Today, Iranian dialects are still spoken in several linguistic enclaves within
Azarbaijan. While some scholars believe that these dialects form a direct continuation of the
1163:
Al-Moqaddasi, Shams ad-Din Abu
Abdallah Muhammad ibn Ahmad, Ahsan al-Taqasi fi Ma’rifa al-Aqalim, Translated by Ali Naqi Vaziri, Volume one, First Edition, Mu’alifan and Mutarjiman Publishers, Iran, 1981, pg 377 المقدسی، شمس‌الدین ابوعبدالله محمدبن احمد، احسن التقاسیم فی معرفه الاقالیم، ترجمه دكتر
1144:
Ibn Howqal, Surat al-ardh. Translation and comments by: J. Shoar, Amir Kabir
Publishers, Iran. 1981. "ارمنیه دو قسمت است: داخلی و خارجی. در ارمنیه ی خارجی شهرهایی از آن مسلمانان و به دست آنان است و خود مسلمانان فرمانروای آنجا هستند و دست ارامنه از دست آن قطع گردیده است و به کلی تحت حکومت پادشاهان
382:
3. Azari is not exactly Dari (name used for the
Khorasanian Persian which is the Modern Persian language). From the research conducted by researchers upon this language, it appears that this language is part of the NW Iranian languages and was close to Talyshi language. Talyshi language has kept
347:
The original sedentary population of
Azarbayjan consisted of a mass of peasants and at the time of the Arab conquest was compromised under the semi-contemptuous term of Uluj ("non-Arab")—somewhat similar to the raya (*ri’aya) of the Ottoman empire. The only arms of this peaceful rustic population
1381:"حمدالله مستوفی هم كه در سده‌های هفتم و هشتم هجری می‌زیست، ضمن اشاره به زبان مردم مراغه می‌نویسد: "زبانشان پهلوی مغیر است مستوفی، حمدالله: "نزهةالقلوب"، به كوشش محمد دبیرسیاقی، انتشارات طهوری، 1336 Mostawafi, Hamdallah. Nozhat al-Qolub. Edit by Muhammad Dabir Sayyaqi. Tahuri publishers, 1957.
363:
We need not take seriously Moqaddasī’s assertion that Azerbaijan had seventy languages, a state of affairs more correctly applicable to the Caucasus region to the north; but the basically Iranian population spoke an aberrant, dialectical form of Persian (called by Masʿūdī al-āḏarīya) as well as
539:
From the time of the Mongol invasion, most of whose armies were composed of Turkic tribes, the influence of Turkish increased in the region. On the other hand, the old Iranian dialects remained prevalent in major cities. Hamdallah Mostawafi writing in the 1340s calls the language of Maraqa as
1216:
Mohammad-Amin Riahi. "Molehaazi darbaareyeh Zabaan-I Kohan Azerbaijan"(Some comments on the ancient language of Azerbaijan), ‘Itilia’at Siyasi Magazine, volume 181-182. ریاحی خویی، محمدامین، «ملاحظاتی درباره‌ی زبان كهن آذربایجان»: اطلاعات سیاسی - اقتصادی، شماره‌ی 182-181 Also available at:
535:
Zakarrya b. Mohammad Qazvini's report in Athar al-Bilad, composed in 1275, that "no town has escaped being taken over by the Turks except Tabriz" (Beirut ed., 1960, p. 339) one may infer that at least Tabriz had remained aloof from the influence of Turkish until the time.
1296:صادقی, علی اشرف 1379: چند شعر به زبان کرجی, تبریزی و غیره ... در مجله ی زبان شناسی, سال پانزدهم, شماره ی دوم, پاییز و زمستان Ali Asghar Sadeqi, "Some poems in the Karaji, Tabrizi and others" in Zaban-Shenasi, Year 15, No. 2 (Fall and Winder), 1379 (2001). Also here:
509:
Al-Moqaddasi (died late 10th century) considers Azerbaijan as part of the 8th division of lands. He states:"The languages of the 8th division is Iranian (al-‘ajamyya). It is partly Dari and partly convoluted (monqaleq) and all of them are named Persian".
686:
The Safina (written in the Ilkhanid era) contains many poems and sentences from the old regional dialect of Azerbaijan. Another portion of the Safina contains a direct sentence in what the author has called "Zaban-i-Tabriz" (dialect/language of Tabriz)
540:"modified Pahlavi" (Pahlavi-ye Mughayyar). Mostowafi calls the language of Zanjan (Pahlavi-ye Raast). The language of Gushtaspi covering the Caspian border region between Gilan to Shirvan is called a Pahlavi language close to the language of Gilan.
638:
A Macaronic (mula'ma which is popular in Persian poetry where some verses are in one language and another in another language) poem from Homam Tabrizi, where some verses are in Khorasani (Dari) Persian and others are in the dialect of Tabriz.
735:
Four quatrains titled fahlavvviyat from Khwaja Muhammad Kojjani (died 677/1278-79); born in Kojjan or Korjan, a village near Tabriz, recorded by Abd-al-Qader Maraghi. A sample of one of the four quatrains from Khwaja Muhammad Kojjani
1372:كارنگ، عبدالعلی: «تاتی و هرزنی، دو لهجه از زبان باستان آذربایجان»، تبریز،چاپخانه-ی شفق، 1333 Source: Karang, Abdul Ali. "Tati wa Harzani, Do lahjeh az zabaan-i baastaan-i Azerbaijan", Shafaq publishers, 1333(1955) (pg 91 and pg 112)
1173:
Al-Muqaddasi, ‘The Best Divisions for Knowledge of the Regions’, a translation of his Ahsan at-taqasim fi Ma'rifat al-Aqalim by B.A. Collins, Centre for Muslim Contribution to Civilization, Garnet Publishing Limited,1994. pg
348:
were slings, see Tabari, II, 1379-89. They spoke a number of dialects (Adhari, Talishi) of which even now there remains some islets surviving amidst the Turkish speaking population. It was this basic population on which
1268:
Gholam Reza Ensafpur, "Tarikh o Tabar Zaban-i Azarbaijan"(The history and roots of the language of Azarbaijan), Fekr-I Rooz Publishers, 1998 (1377). انصاف‌پور، غلام‌رضا:"تاریخ تبار و زبان آذربایجان"، انتشارات فكر روز،
378:
2. This Azari was without doubt an Iranian language because it is also contrasted with Dari but it is also mentioned as Persian. It was not the same as the languages of the Caucasus mentioned by Arab historians.
798:
In the Harzandi dialect of Harzand in Azerbaijan as well as the Karingani dialect of Azerbaijan, both recorded in the 20th century, the two words "Biri" and "Burah" means to "come" and are of the same root.
1145:اسلامی است: از جمله این شهرها ارجیش، منازجرد و خلاط است. و حدود ارمنیه خارجی معین است یعنی از مشرق به بردعه و از مغرب به جزیره و از جنوب به آذربایجان و از شما به نواحی روم در سمت قالیقالا محدود است
1390:
Minorsky, V. (1991a), “Maragha”, in Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Ed., vol. 6:498-503."At the present day, the inhabitants speak Adhar Turkish, but in the 14th century they still spoke "arabicized
1287:
Manouchehr Mortazavi. Zaban-e-Dirin Azerbaijan (On the Old language of Azerbaijan). Bonyat Moqoofaat Dr. Afshar. 2005(1384). منوچهر مرتضوی، زبان دیرین آذربایجان، بنیاد موقوفات دکتر افشار، 1384.
1278:كارنگ، عبدالعلی: «تاتی و هرزنی، دو لهجه از زبان باستان آذربایجان»، تبریز، 1333 Karang, Abdul Ali. "Tati, Harzani, two dialects from the ancient language of Azerbaijan", Tabriz, 1333. 1952.
311:. He conducted comprehensive research using Arabic, Persian, Turkish and Greek historical sources and concluded that Old Azeri was the language of this region of Iran before it adopted the
774:
A text probably by Mama Esmat Tabrizi, a mystical woman-poet of Tabriz (died 15th century), which occurs in a manuscript, preserved in Turkey, concerning the shrines of saints in Tabriz.
336:
ancient Azari languages, others have argued that they are likely to be a later import through migration from other parts of Iran, and that the original Azari dialects became extinct.
194:
A page from the travelogue of Olya Chalabi, the Ottoman world traveler, which deals with the spread of the Azeri language among the women of Maragheh city in the 10th century AH.
2176:
1192:«مستوفی، حمدالله: «نزهةالقلوب، به كوشش محمد دبیرسیاقی، انتشارات طهوری، 1336 Mostawafi, Hamdallah. Nozhat al-Qolub. Edit by Muhammad Dabir Sayyaqi. Tahuri publishers, 1957.
820:: "At the present day, the inhabitants speak Adhar Turkish, but in the 14th century they still spoke "arabicized Pahlawi" (Nuzhat al-Qolub: Pahlawi Mu’arrab) which means an
709:
A sentence in the dialect of Tabriz (the author calls Zaban-i-Tabriz (dialect/language of Tabriz) recorded and also translated by Ibn Bazzaz Ardabili in the Safvat al-Safa:
449:, Azari was a major Iranian language and the original language of Iranian Azerbaijan. It gradually lost its status as the majority language by the end of the 14th century.
2266:
717:یعنی سخن بصرف بگو حریفت رسیده است. در این گفتن دست بر کتف مبارک شیخ زد شیخ را غیرت سر بر کرد» The sentence: "Gu Harif(a/e)r Zhaatah" is mentioned in Tabrizi Dialect.
658:
Another recent discovery by the name of Safina-yi Tabriz has given sentences from native of Tabriz in their peculiar Iranian dialect. The work was compiled during the
813:
The 17th-century Ottoman Turkish traveler Evliya Chelebi who traveled to Safavid Iran also states: "The majority of the women in Maragheh converse in Pahlavi".
2241:
2246:
2236:
2206:
1925:
1135:(Mehdi Marashi, Mohammad Ali Jazayery, Persian Studies in North America: Studies in Honor of Mohammad Ali Jazayery, Ibex Publishers, Inc, 1994. pg 255)
1348:
Adib Tusi, "Fahlawiyat-e- Mama Esmat wa Kashfi be-zaban Azari estelaah-e raayi yaa shahri", NDA, Tabriz 8/3, 1335/1957, pp 242-57. Also available at:
651:«وهار و ول و دیم یار خوش بی // اوی یاران مه ول بی مه وهاران» Transliteration: Wahar o wol o Dim yaar khwash Bi Awi Yaaraan, mah wul Bi, Mah Wahaaraan
2551:
2271:
2261:
2251:
2226:
777:
A phrase "Buri Buri" which in Persian means Biya Biya or in English: Come! Come! is mentioned by Rumi from the mouth of Shams Tabrizi in this poem:
331:
Old Azari was spoken in most of Azerbaijan at least up to the 17th century, with the number of speakers decreasing since the 11th century due to the
563:
in particular was the first in a line of many dynasties to officially adopt the new language in 875 CE. Thus Dari is considered the continuation of
2556:
2256:
1464:
634:"The Tabrizians have a phrase when they see a fortunate and wealthy man in a uncouth clothes: "He is like fresh grapes in a ripped fruit basket."
501:, and Ray and Tabaristan and Masqat and Shabaran and Jorjan and Abarshahr, and that is Nishabur, and Herat and Marv and other places in land of
2211:
1183:
Tārīkh-i Yaqūbī / talīf-i Aḥmad ibn Abī Yaqūbi ; tarjamah-i Muḥammad Ibrahim Ayati, Intirisharat Bungah-I Tarjamah va Nashr-I Kitab, 1969.
2231:
2221:
753:
Two qet'as (poems) quoted by Abd-al-Qader Maraghi in the dialect of Tabriz (died 838/1434-35; II, p. 142). A sample of one these poems
654:
Translation: The Spring and Flowers and the face of the friend are all pleasant But without the friend, there are no flowers or a spring.
617:
There are extant words, phrases, sentences and poems attested in the old Iranian dialect of Tabriz in a variety of books and manuscripts.
461:
as stating that Azerbaijan, Nahavand, Rayy, Hamadan and Esfahan speak Fahlavi (Pahlavi) and collectively constitute the region of Fahlah.
1554:
834:
2433:
527:
People of Azerbaijan are a mixture of Azari 'Ajams ('Ajam is a term that developed to mean Iranian) and old Javedanis (followers of
2536:
2183:
732:
The word Rood for son is still used in some Iranian dialects, especially the Larestani dialect and other dialects around Fars.
795:
The word Buri is mentioned by Hussain Tabrizi Karbali with regards to the Shaykh Khwajah Abdur-rahim Azh-Abaadi as to "come".
555:, continued to be used until the 10th century when it was gradually replaced by a new breed of Persian language, most notably
307:, a preeminent Iranian Azeri scholar and linguist, was the first scholar who examined the Iranian language of Iran's historic
1494:
1424:
1323:
1028:
931:
898:
2546:
1297:
647:
Another Ghazal from Homam Tabrizi where all the couplets except the last couplet is in Persian. The last couplet reads:
497:
The Persians are a people whose borders are the Mahat Mountains and Azarbaijan up to Armenia and Aran, and Bayleqan and
2541:
571:
comes from the word (دربار) which refers to the royal court, where many of the poets, protagonists, and patrons of the
2428:
1453:
1221:
1307:
Rezazadeh Malak, Rahim. "The Azari Dialect" (Guyesh-I Azari), Anjuman Farhang Iran Bastan publishers, 1352(1973).
682:
They brought Faraj in this world in such a way that his eye is neither towards pre-eternity nor upon createdness.
438:, "Azarbaijan was the domain of Adhari, an important Iranian dialect which Masudi mentions together with Dari and
1547:
1320:
375:
1. In the writing of medieval Arab historians (Ibn Hawqal, Muqqaddesi..), the people of Azarbaijan spoke Azari.
428:
105:
1587:
1338:
1335:
517:
They have big beards, their speech is not attractive. In Arminya they speak Armenian, in al-Ran, Ranian (the
1319:
Dr. A. A. Sadeqi, "Ash'ar-e mahalli-e Jame' al-alHaann", Majalla-ye zaban-shenasi 9, 1371./1992, pp. 54-64/
1044:
1592:
2449:
518:
245:
to be remnants of Old Azeri. Along with Tat dialects, Old Azeri is known to have strong affinities with
2566:
2561:
1540:
1445:
1352:
1349:
552:
721:
A sentence in the dialect of Tabriz by Pir Zehtab Tabrizi addressing the Qara-qoyunlu ruler Eskandar:
2353:
2333:
2002:
1827:
1602:
890:
Proceedings of the Third European Conference of Iranian Studies: Mediaeval and modern Persian studies
100:
19:
This article is about the Iranian language of Azerbaijan. For the Turkic language of Azerbaijan, see
1526:
2469:
2464:
2408:
544:
483:
Ibn Hawqal mentions that some areas of Armenia are controlled by Muslims and others by Christians.
356:
2459:
2067:
1582:
1394:" (Nuzhat al-Qolub: Pahlawi Mu’arrab) which means an Iranian dialect of the north western group."
840:
85:
1515:
2423:
2169:
1577:
810:
of the 13th century mentions the language of Maragheh as "Pahlavi Mughayr" (modified Pahlavi).
90:
923:
2148:
817:
1521:
1408:
513:
Al-Moqaddasi also writes on the general region of Armenia, Arran and Azerbaijan and states:
1985:
1920:
1707:
1202:
among the inhabitants of Tabriz (a region which was not yet Turkish speaking at the time)".
316:
289:
254:
230:
20:
8:
2454:
2141:
1671:
1624:
1463:
Lornejad, Siavash; Doostzadeh, Ali (2012). Arakelova, Victoria; Asatrian, Garnik (eds.).
594:
The language of Tabriz, being an Iranian language, was not the standard Khurasani Dari.
531:
the son of Shahrak who was the leader of Khurramites and succeeded by Babak Khorramdin).
521:). Their Persian is understandable, and is close to Khurasanian (Dari Persian) in sound
364:
standard Persian, and the geographers state that the former was difficult to understand.
2373:
2363:
2343:
2056:
2033:
2023:
1758:
1644:
1510:
807:
663:
572:
424:
242:
60:
1074:
973:
181:
2307:
2048:
2028:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1947:
1842:
1811:
1769:
1700:
1649:
1619:
1563:
1490:
1449:
1420:
1417:
Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume XIII/3: Iran II. Iranian history–Iran V. Peoples of Iran
1218:
1024:
927:
916:
894:
863:
845:
821:
556:
412:
340:
319:. Historical research showed that Azeris were an Iranic people before the arrival of
308:
285:
253:
and Zaza and Talysh are considered to be remnants of old Azeri. Iranologist linguist
222:
214:
95:
1478:
2474:
2393:
2312:
2216:
2077:
2062:
2038:
1973:
1968:
1908:
1903:
1888:
1882:
1866:
1860:
1847:
1805:
1713:
1654:
1639:
1239:
1064:
V. Minorsky, Studies in Caucasian history, Cambridge University Press, 1957, pg 112
856:
768:
560:
502:
349:
312:
293:
270:
258:
238:
142:
620:
Hamdullah Mustuwafi (14th century) mentions a sentence in the language of Tabriz:
609:
The nightingale is on top of the flower like a minstrel who has lost her/his heart
2388:
2383:
2358:
2292:
2287:
2018:
1990:
1980:
1933:
1876:
1871:
1852:
1733:
1728:
1676:
1611:
1482:
1439:
1435:
1412:
1018:
888:
613:
It bemoans sometimes in Parsi (Persian) and sometimes in Dari (Khurasani Persian)
446:
400:
274:
262:
246:
77:
2418:
2413:
2378:
2328:
2137:
2095:
2082:
1785:
1774:
1723:
1666:
1660:
1634:
1629:
595:
564:
548:
479:
not understand Arabic; and some merchants and landowners are even adept in it".
439:
435:
135:
1441:
The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 4: From the Arab Invasion to the Saljuqs
2530:
2500:
2302:
2192:
2043:
1997:
1913:
1796:
1779:
1093:. Persian Translation by Dr. Shaadman Yusuf. Balkh Publishers. Tehran. 1999.
332:
304:
278:
266:
250:
226:
918:
Dictionary of Languages: The Definitive Reference to More Than 400 Languages
882:
Paul, Ludwig (1998a). "The position of Zazaki among West Iranian languages"
670:انانک قده‌ی فرجشون فعالم آندره اووارادا چاشمش نه پیف قدم کینستا نه پیف حدوث
1164:علینقی وزیری، جلد 1، چاپ اول، انتشارات مؤلفان و مترجمان ایران، 1361، ص 377.
416:
408:
388:
368:
320:
767:
A Ghazal and fourteen quatrains under the title of fahlaviyat by the poet
2403:
2338:
2088:
850:
725:اسکندر, رودم کشتی, رودت کشاد "Eskandar, Roodam Koshti, Roodat Koshaad!"
584:
1334:
M.-A. Adib Tusi "Fahlavyat-e Magrebi Tabrizi", NDA Tabriz 8, 1335/1956
2505:
1751:
676:چندانک فرج را در عالم آورده‌اند چشم او نه بر قدم افتاده است نه بر حدوث
567:
which was prevalent in the early Islamic era of western Iran. The name
458:
457:
Ebn al-Moqaffa’ (died 142/759) is quoted by ibn Al-Nadim in his famous
420:
396:
2510:
2348:
1489:. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 238–245.
1419:. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 321–326.
486:
392:
174:
155:
1532:
2515:
2495:
2368:
1893:
1527:
Azapadegan Research Institute for Iranian cultures and civilization
659:
528:
404:
234:
1487:
Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume III/3: Azerbaijan IV–Bačča(-ye) Saqqā
2490:
2118:
1738:
1693:
1391:
498:
2161:
598:(11th century) has an interesting couplet mentioning this fact:
2398:
1898:
1745:
1718:
1466:
On the modern politicization of the Persian poet Nezami Ganjavi
673:
Standard Persian (translated by the author of Safina himself):
588:
1434:
Lazard, G. (1975). "The Rise of the New Persian Language". In
956:
954:
952:
950:
948:
946:
944:
713:«علیشاه چو در آمد گستاخ وار شیخ را در کنار گرفت و گفت حاضر باش
2072:
941:
490:
218:
50:
1077:", Encyclopædia Iranica, Vol. III, Fasc. 2-3, pp.224-231
403:
mentioned this language by name. Other such writers are
1108:
1240:"Fahlaviyat in Encyclopedia Iranica by Ahmad Tafazoli"
1096:
1045:"The Ancient Language of Azarbaijan, by B.W. Henning"
728:(Eskandar, you killed my son, may your son perish!")
1479:"Azerbaijan vii. The Iranian Language of Azerbaijan"
631:"؛ یعنی انگور خلوقی( انگوری مرغوب) است در سبد دریده
387:Aliyev states that medieval Muslim historians like
383:
some of the characteristics of the Median language.
229:of the region. Some linguists believe the southern
1462:
915:
465:CE) explains these dialects in the following way:
2528:
1020:Encyclopaedic Historiography of the Muslim World
578:
1409:"Iran v. Peoples of Iran (1) A General Survey"
1016:
1015:Jazayery, M.A. "Kasravi, Ahmad(1890-1946)" in
802:
627:اگر صاحب حُسنی را با لباس ناسزا یابند، گویند "
261:has many common linguistic features with both
2177:
1548:
693:چَو ِش دَ کارده شکویت ولَول ودَارد سَر ِ یَوه
1234:
1232:
1230:
1228:
835:Azari or the Ancient Language of Azerbaijan
591:did not speak Turkish in the 15th century.
352:leaned in his revolt against the caliphate.
2184:
2170:
1555:
1541:
452:
1476:
1315:
1313:
1225:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1085:
1083:
960:
887:Melville (1999). Charles Melville (ed.).
791:که تا خونت عسل گردد که تا مومت شود نوری»
662:era. A sample expression from the mystic
326:
217:that was once spoken in the northwestern
2552:Languages attested from the 12th century
886:
487:Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn al-Husayn Al-Masudi
189:
2557:Languages extinct in the 2nd millennium
1472:. Caucasian Centre for Iranian Studies.
1000:
695:پَری بقهر اره میر دون جو پور زون هنرمند
691:دَچَان چوچرخ نکویت مو ایر رهشه مهر دورش
284:Old Azeri was the dominant language in
2529:
1529:(includes research articles on Adhari)
1433:
1310:
1205:
1102:
1080:
1075:AZERBAIJAN iv. Islamic History to 1941
1005:. Austin & Sons. pp. 174–175.
705:زو ِم چو واش خللیوه زمم حو بورضی ربوه
2165:
1562:
1536:
922:. Columbia University Press. p.
913:
824:dialect of the north western group."
781:«ولی ترجیع پنجم در نیایم جز به دستوری
1511:"The Iranian Language of Azerbaijan"
1406:
1114:
996:
994:
783:که شمس الدین تبریزی بفرماید مرا بوری
629:انگور خلوقی بی چه در، درّ سوه اندرین
1017:Singh, N. K.; Samiuddin, A (2003).
525:Ahmad ibn Yaqubi mentions that the
13:
2147:Languages between parentheses are
1023:. Global Vision Publishing House.
1003:The Ancient Language of Azerbaijan
703:نه چرخ استه نبوتی نه روزو ورو فوتی
699:اکیژ بحتَ ورامرو کی چرخ هانزمَویتی
299:
14:
2578:
2429:Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic
2191:
1504:
991:
343:, around the 9th or 10th century:
2121:(unknown further classification)
225:(Iranian Azerbaijan) before the
1384:
1375:
1366:
1357:
1342:
1328:
1301:
1290:
1281:
1272:
1262:
1253:
1195:
1186:
1177:
1167:
1157:
1148:
1138:
1129:
1120:
742:بَنا اج چو کَه دستِ گیژی وَنیژه
697:پروکری اَنزوتون منی که آن هزیوه
2537:Northwestern Iranian languages
2151:of the language on their left.
1067:
1058:
1037:
1009:
1001:Henning, Walter Bruno (1955).
966:
907:
876:
429:Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi
1:
870:
740:همه کیژی نَهَند خُشتی بَخُشتی
604:گه پارسی نوازد، گاهی زند دری
602:بلبل به سان مطرب بیدل فراز گل
579:The Iranian dialect of Tabriz
233:of Iranian Azerbaijan around
744:همه پیغمبران خُو بی و چو کِی
701:ژژور منشی چو بخت اهون قدریوه
7:
2547:Extinct languages of Europe
974:"Northwestern/Adharic/Zaza"
827:
803:On the language of Maragheh
519:Caucasian Albanian language
10:
2583:
1446:Cambridge University Press
1400:
1091:The History of Aturpatakan
1089:Professor Ighrar Aliyev.
715:بزبان تبریزی گو حریفر ژاته
288:before it was replaced by
18:
2542:Extinct languages of Asia
2483:
2442:
2321:
2280:
2199:
2128:
2111:
2011:
1835:
1826:
1685:
1610:
1601:
1570:
172:
153:
148:
132:
74:
66:
56:
46:
38:
33:
28:
545:Islamic Conquest of Iran
357:Clifford Edmund Bosworth
16:Ancient Iranian language
841:Languages of Azerbaijan
453:Historical attestations
2424:Mughan Soviet Republic
1477:Yarshater, E. (1988).
914:Dalby, Andrew (1998).
793:
765:
748:
746:محمدمصطفی کیژی وَنیژه
730:
719:
707:
684:
656:
645:
636:
615:
523:
507:
481:
472:
385:
366:
354:
327:Linguistic affiliation
195:
2470:Talysh People's Party
2334:Talish–Mughan culture
818:Encyclopedia of Islam
779:
755:
738:
723:
711:
689:
668:
649:
641:
622:
600:
587:, the inhabitants of
515:
495:
476:
467:
373:
361:
345:
193:
2142:historical languages
1516:Encyclopædia Iranica
1448:. pp. 595–633.
1407:Frye, R. N. (2004).
789:که من باغم تو زنبوری
759:نو کُو بَمَن وُرارده
21:Azerbaijani language
1117:, pp. 321–326.
963:, pp. 238–245.
771:(died 809/1406-7).
763:هیزا اَوُو وُرارده
221:historic region of
2374:Ispahbads of Gilan
2364:Talish-i Gushtasbi
2267:Wedding traditions
808:Hamdollah Mostowfi
757:رُورُم پَری بجولان
664:Baba Faraj Tabrizi
493:historian states:
474:Ibn Hawqal states:
425:Hamdallah Mustawfi
257:demonstrated that
243:Karingani dialects
196:
61:Iranian Azerbaijan
2567:Caspian languages
2562:History of Talysh
2524:
2523:
2465:National movement
2308:Caspian languages
2159:
2158:
2107:
2106:
1822:
1821:
1564:Iranian languages
1496:978-0-71009-115-4
1426:978-0-933273-89-4
1030:978-81-87746-54-6
933:978-0-231-11568-1
900:978-3-89500-104-8
864:Nozhat al-Majales
846:Languages of Iran
816:According to the
761:وی خَد شدیم بدامش
413:Hamza al-Isfahani
341:Vladimir Minorsky
309:Azerbaijan region
213:) is the extinct
188:
187:
2574:
2475:Talysh Mountains
2460:National Academy
2394:Kar-Kiya dynasty
2313:Daylami language
2186:
2179:
2172:
2163:
2162:
2003:Zoroastrian Dari
1833:
1832:
1608:
1607:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1534:
1533:
1500:
1483:Yarshater, Ehsan
1473:
1471:
1459:
1436:Frye, Richard N.
1430:
1413:Yarshater, Ehsan
1395:
1388:
1382:
1379:
1373:
1370:
1364:
1361:
1355:
1346:
1340:
1332:
1326:
1317:
1308:
1305:
1299:
1294:
1288:
1285:
1279:
1276:
1270:
1266:
1260:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1236:
1223:
1214:
1203:
1199:
1193:
1190:
1184:
1181:
1175:
1171:
1165:
1161:
1155:
1152:
1146:
1142:
1136:
1133:
1127:
1124:
1118:
1112:
1106:
1100:
1094:
1087:
1078:
1073:Bosworth, C. E,"
1071:
1065:
1062:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1013:
1007:
1006:
998:
989:
988:
986:
984:
970:
964:
958:
939:
937:
921:
911:
905:
904:
880:
857:Safina-yi Tabriz
769:Maghrebi Tabrizi
679:Modern English:
561:Saffarid dynasty
551:, also known as
215:Iranian language
184:
167:
158:
143:Persian alphabet
138:
80:
26:
25:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2572:
2571:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2520:
2479:
2438:
2409:Jungle Movement
2389:Ziyarid dynasty
2384:Dabuyid dynasty
2317:
2288:Talysh language
2276:
2195:
2190:
2160:
2155:
2154:
2124:
2103:
2007:
1818:
1681:
1597:
1566:
1561:
1522:more references
1507:
1497:
1469:
1456:
1427:
1403:
1398:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1376:
1371:
1367:
1362:
1358:
1347:
1343:
1333:
1329:
1318:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1295:
1291:
1286:
1282:
1277:
1273:
1267:
1263:
1258:
1254:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1226:
1215:
1206:
1200:
1196:
1191:
1187:
1182:
1178:
1172:
1168:
1162:
1158:
1153:
1149:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1113:
1109:
1101:
1097:
1088:
1081:
1072:
1068:
1063:
1059:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1031:
1014:
1010:
999:
992:
982:
980:
972:
971:
967:
959:
942:
934:
912:
908:
901:
881:
877:
873:
830:
805:
790:
784:
782:
762:
760:
758:
745:
743:
741:
704:
702:
700:
698:
696:
694:
692:
666:in the Safina:
610:
608:
603:
581:
489:(896-956), the
455:
447:Richard N. Frye
401:Yaqut al-Hamawi
329:
323:to the region.
313:Turkic language
302:
300:Initial studies
294:Turkic language
269:and positioned
180:
165:
154:
139:
134:
128:
81:
78:Language family
76:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2580:
2570:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2487:
2485:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2446:
2444:
2443:Related topics
2440:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2419:Talysh Khanate
2416:
2414:Safavid Talish
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2379:Bavand dynasty
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2329:Talysh Studies
2325:
2323:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2284:
2282:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2189:
2188:
2181:
2174:
2166:
2157:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2145:
2130:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2123:
2122:
2115:
2113:
2109:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2096:Middle Persian
2092:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2060:
2053:
2052:
2051:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2015:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1994:
1993:
1983:
1978:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1969:Semnani proper
1966:
1961:
1951:
1944:
1937:
1930:
1929:
1928:
1918:
1917:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1886:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1857:
1856:
1855:
1845:
1839:
1837:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1802:
1801:
1800:
1793:
1792:
1791:
1790:
1789:
1782:
1777:
1755:
1748:
1743:
1742:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1716:
1711:
1704:
1697:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1616:
1614:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1588:Middle Iranian
1585:
1580:
1574:
1572:
1568:
1567:
1560:
1559:
1552:
1545:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1524:
1519:
1506:
1505:External links
1503:
1502:
1501:
1495:
1474:
1460:
1454:
1431:
1425:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1383:
1374:
1365:
1356:
1341:
1327:
1309:
1300:
1289:
1280:
1271:
1261:
1252:
1224:
1204:
1194:
1185:
1176:
1166:
1156:
1147:
1137:
1128:
1119:
1107:
1105:, p. 599.
1095:
1079:
1066:
1057:
1036:
1029:
1008:
990:
965:
961:Yarshater 1988
940:
932:
906:
899:
874:
872:
869:
868:
867:
860:
853:
848:
843:
838:
829:
826:
804:
801:
596:Qatran Tabrizi
580:
577:
565:Middle Persian
549:Middle Persian
543:Following the
454:
451:
436:Gilbert Lazard
328:
325:
301:
298:
231:Tati varieties
201:(also spelled
186:
185:
178:
170:
169:
159:
151:
150:
149:Language codes
146:
145:
140:
136:Writing system
133:
130:
129:
127:
126:
125:
124:
123:
122:
121:
120:
119:
118:
117:
116:
84:
82:
75:
72:
71:
68:
64:
63:
58:
54:
53:
48:
47:Native to
44:
43:
36:
35:
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2579:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2482:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2441:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2320:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2303:Kilit dialect
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2279:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2193:Talysh people
2187:
2182:
2180:
2175:
2173:
2168:
2167:
2164:
2150:
2146:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2127:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2110:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2068:Caucasian Tat
2066:
2065:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1922:
1919:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1825:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1798:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1761:
1760:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1698:
1696:
1695:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1578:Proto-Iranian
1576:
1575:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1558:
1553:
1551:
1546:
1544:
1539:
1538:
1535:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1498:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1475:
1468:
1467:
1461:
1457:
1455:0-521-20093-8
1451:
1447:
1444:. Cambridge:
1443:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1428:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1404:
1393:
1387:
1378:
1369:
1360:
1353:
1350:
1345:
1339:
1336:
1331:
1324:
1321:
1316:
1314:
1304:
1298:
1293:
1284:
1275:
1265:
1256:
1241:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1222:
1219:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1198:
1189:
1180:
1170:
1160:
1151:
1141:
1132:
1123:
1116:
1111:
1104:
1099:
1092:
1086:
1084:
1076:
1070:
1061:
1046:
1040:
1032:
1026:
1022:
1021:
1012:
1004:
997:
995:
979:
975:
969:
962:
957:
955:
953:
951:
949:
947:
945:
935:
929:
925:
920:
919:
910:
902:
896:
892:
891:
885:
879:
875:
866:
865:
861:
859:
858:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
836:
832:
831:
825:
823:
819:
814:
811:
809:
800:
796:
792:
788:
778:
775:
772:
770:
764:
754:
751:
747:
737:
733:
729:
726:
722:
718:
716:
710:
706:
688:
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
667:
665:
661:
655:
652:
648:
644:
640:
635:
632:
630:
626:
621:
618:
614:
611:
605:
599:
597:
592:
590:
586:
583:According to
576:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
541:
537:
533:
532:
530:
522:
520:
514:
511:
506:
504:
500:
494:
492:
488:
484:
480:
475:
471:
466:
462:
460:
450:
448:
445:According to
443:
441:
437:
434:According to
432:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
384:
380:
376:
372:
370:
365:
360:
358:
353:
351:
344:
342:
339:According to
337:
334:
333:Turkification
324:
322:
318:
317:the same name
314:
310:
306:
305:Ahmad Kasravi
297:
295:
292:, which is a
291:
287:
282:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
251:Zaza language
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
227:Turkification
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
192:
183:
179:
177:
176:
171:
163:
160:
157:
152:
147:
144:
141:
137:
131:
115:
112:
111:
109:
108:
107:
104:
103:
102:
99:
98:
97:
94:
93:
92:
89:
88:
87:
86:Indo-European
83:
79:
73:
70:700s–1600s CE
69:
65:
62:
59:
55:
52:
49:
45:
42:
37:
32:
27:
22:
2455:Assimilation
2297:
2133:
2094:
2087:
2055:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1932:
1881:
1859:
1804:
1795:
1784:
1764:
1757:
1750:
1706:
1699:
1692:
1659:
1514:
1486:
1465:
1440:
1416:
1386:
1377:
1368:
1359:
1344:
1330:
1303:
1292:
1283:
1274:
1264:
1255:
1243:. Retrieved
1197:
1188:
1179:
1169:
1159:
1150:
1140:
1131:
1122:
1110:
1098:
1090:
1069:
1060:
1048:. Retrieved
1039:
1019:
1011:
1002:
981:. Retrieved
977:
968:
917:
909:
893:. Reichert.
889:
883:
878:
862:
855:
833:
815:
812:
806:
797:
794:
786:
780:
776:
773:
766:
756:
752:
749:
739:
734:
731:
727:
724:
720:
714:
712:
708:
690:
685:
681:
678:
675:
672:
669:
657:
653:
650:
646:
642:
637:
633:
628:
624:
623:
619:
616:
612:
607:Translation:
606:
601:
593:
582:
575:flourished.
568:
542:
538:
534:
526:
524:
516:
512:
508:
496:
485:
482:
477:
473:
468:
463:
456:
444:
433:
417:al-Muqaddasi
409:Ibn al-Nadim
389:al-Baladhuri
386:
381:
377:
374:
371:states that:
369:Igrar Aliyev
367:
362:
355:
346:
338:
330:
321:Seljuq Turks
303:
283:
273:between the
255:W. B Henning
237:such as the
210:
206:
202:
198:
197:
173:
161:
113:
106:Northwestern
91:Indo-Iranian
40:
2404:Khurramites
2339:Adurbadagan
2089:Old Persian
1921:Mazanderani
1708:Khwarezmian
1593:New Iranian
1583:Old Iranian
1245:20 November
1103:Lazard 1975
1050:20 November
851:Tati (Iran)
585:Jean During
290:Azerbaijani
34:Azeri/Azari
2531:Categories
2506:Daylamites
2247:Folk dance
2237:Folk music
2207:Literature
1752:Sarghulami
1672:Yazghulami
1625:Ishkashimi
871:References
573:literature
459:Al-Fihrist
397:ibn Hawqal
286:Azerbaijan
223:Azerbaijan
2511:Carduchii
2491:Cadusians
2484:Ancestors
2349:Balasagan
2298:Old Azeri
2217:Mythology
2149:varieties
2136:indicate
2057:Pahlavani
2049:Bakhtiari
2034:Kuhmareyi
2024:Bashkardi
1941:Old Azeri
1645:Sanglechi
1220:or here:
1115:Frye 2004
978:Glottolog
938:, p. 496.
787:بیا، بوری
785:مرا گوید
393:al-Masudi
199:Old Azeri
175:Glottolog
156:ISO 639-3
114:Old Azeri
29:Old Azeri
2516:Cadiseni
2496:Caspians
2369:Caspiane
2293:Alphabet
2281:Language
2272:Clothing
2262:Clothing
2252:Calendar
2227:Folklore
2078:Hazaragi
2029:Garmsiri
1964:Sangsari
1959:Lasgerdi
1948:Parthian
1926:Tabaroid
1894:Kurmanji
1843:Ashtiani
1812:Yaghnobi
1770:Ossetian
1759:Scythian
1734:Southern
1729:Northern
1701:Bactrian
1650:Sarikoli
1620:Bartangi
1322:or here
828:See also
660:Ilkhanid
503:Khorasan
405:Estakhri
271:Harzandi
259:Harzandi
239:Harzandi
235:Takestan
182:adha1238
2344:Bagavan
2322:History
2257:Cuisine
2200:Culture
2138:extinct
2134:Italics
2119:Badeshi
2063:Persian
2039:Kumzari
1981:Taleshi
1974:Sorkhei
1954:Semnani
1909:Kordali
1889:Kurdish
1883:Gorgani
1861:Daylami
1853:Makrani
1848:Balochi
1828:Western
1806:Sogdian
1765:Alanian
1739:Wanetsi
1724:Central
1714:Parachi
1694:Avestan
1655:Shughni
1640:Roshani
1603:Eastern
1571:History
1485:(ed.).
1438:(ed.).
1415:(ed.).
1401:Sources
1392:Pahlawi
983:1 April
822:Iranian
553:Pahlavi
529:Javidan
499:Darband
440:Pahlavi
421:Ya'qubi
219:Iranian
101:Western
96:Iranian
2450:Origin
2399:Daylam
2359:Talish
2354:Charax
2112:Others
2019:Achomi
1991:Tatoid
1934:Median
1904:Xwarin
1899:Sorani
1877:Gorani
1872:Gilaki
1786:Jassic
1746:Ormuri
1719:Pashto
1686:Others
1677:Yidgha
1493:
1452:
1423:
1027:
930:
897:
625:تبارزه
589:Tabriz
559:. The
359:says:
275:Talysh
263:Talysh
247:Talysh
203:Adhari
57:Region
2501:Gelae
2242:Tales
2212:Music
2083:Tajik
2012:South
1836:North
1775:Digor
1667:Wakhi
1661:Vanji
1635:Munji
1630:Khufi
1612:Pamir
1481:. In
1470:(PDF)
1411:. In
350:Babak
211:Azari
207:Azeri
110:Tatic
41:Āzarī
39:آذری
2434:Flag
2232:Rugs
2222:Name
2073:Dari
2044:Luri
1998:Zaza
1986:Tati
1914:Laki
1867:Fars
1797:Saka
1780:Iron
1491:ISBN
1450:ISBN
1421:ISBN
1269:1377
1247:2014
1052:2014
1025:ISBN
985:2024
928:ISBN
895:ISBN
569:Dari
557:Dari
491:Arab
427:and
399:and
279:Zaza
277:and
267:Zaza
265:and
249:and
241:and
162:None
51:Iran
2140:or
1513:at
1351:or
1337:or
1174:334
924:156
442:."
423:,
315:of
209:or
166:mis
67:Era
2533::
1312:^
1227:^
1207:^
1082:^
993:^
976:.
943:^
926:.
884:in
750:.
547:,
431:.
419:,
415:,
411:,
407:,
395:,
391:,
296:.
281:.
205:,
2185:e
2178:t
2171:v
2144:.
1556:e
1549:t
1542:v
1499:.
1458:.
1429:.
1354:.
1325::
1249:.
1054:.
1033:.
987:.
936:.
903:.
168:)
164:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
