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remotely through
Wolcott as Secretary of the Treasury thanks to Wolcott's loyalty when he worked under Hamilton as the 1st Secretary of the Treasury. This would no longer be the case when John Adams, a rival of Hamilton, became president in 1797. Apart from the Hamilton and Adams rivalry, Democratic Republicans continued their growing influence in government and attempts to oppose the Federalists. Albert Gallatin, a Jeffersonian, created the Ways and Means committee for Congress and the Legislature Branch to participate in determining financial policy and reduce the treasury's growing power. Wolcott had major responsibility for financing the
532:. Whipple was aware that Wolcott and Washington both wanted Ona Judge to be captured, even if that meant her being rounded up in the middle of the night. Whipple's background in New Hampshire and family's emancipation of slaves in the 1780s remained in the background throughout this episode. Wolcott reported back to Washington that Judge would return as his slave if she could expect emancipation at some point, and that Whipple wanted out of the attempt to bring Judge back into captivity. Washington relieved Wolcott of his task of returning Ona Judge on November 28, 1796.
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341:
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in
Connecticut governance prior to Oliver Wolcott Jr. Wolcott was head of the constitution convention and committee that drafted a new Connecticut constitution in 1818. Some of the changes found in the document included improving manufacturing laws, lowering taxes, prison reform, expanding voting for white males, religious freedom from the Congregational Church, and emigration.
913:
521:, where she had begun serving the Washingtons. Whipple met with Judge, discussed why she had escaped and tried to ascertain the facts of the case. After she told him she did not desire to be a slave again, Whipple refused to remove Judge against her will, said that it could cause civil unrest because of
596:
Wolcott was elected as
Governor of Connecticut in April 1817. He was the 3rd Wolcott to be governor of Connecticut, following his father and grandfather. During his time as governor, Wolcott Jr. became known for his moderate views that placed priority on Connecticut, not politics. This marked a shift
480:
The growing size and procedures of the federal government were implemented by bureaucrats like
Wolcott. Wolcott was responsible for the branch system of the Bank of the United States that was approved by stockholders. Wolcott's loyalty was rewarded when the Comptroller at the time, Nicholas Eveleigh,
438:
Oliver
Wolcott Jr. and the Wolcott family were part of the Standing Order in Connecticut. This was a small group of families that were the elite members of Connecticut society, influencing politics, religion, and social power. John Adams compared them to the aristocracy of Connecticut. Wolcott Jr.
484:
Hamilton resigned as
Secretary of the Treasury in January 1795. President Washington appointed Wolcott to be the 2nd Secretary of the Treasury. While Wolcott was Secretary of the Treasury, he maintained close contact with Alexander Hamilton. Hamilton was able to influence Washington's cabinet
476:
Before becoming the 2nd
Secretary of Treasury, Wolcott was the first Auditor in the Treasury Department. According to Richard White, his duties as Auditor consisted of making the first examination of accounts and determining balances on all claims against the government. Working under the 1st
981:
368:. His adult life began with working in Connecticut, followed by participating in the U.S. federal government in the Department of Treasury, before returning to Connecticut, where he spent his life before his death. Throughout his time in politics, Wolcott's political views shifted from
481:
died in the spring of 1791. Hamilton wrote to
Washington recommending Wolcott for the position on April 17, 1791, before Washington followed Hamilton's recommendation. As Comptroller, Wolcott was responsible for supervising the collection of duties on impost and tonnage.
477:
Secretary of
Treasury Alexander Hamilton and a fellow Federalist, this opened Wolcott up to attacks from Thomas Jefferson, as Hamilton and Jefferson were the de facto leaders of the first political parties: Hamilton's Federalists and Jefferson's Democratic Republicans.
452:
He was clerk of the
Connecticut Committee on Pay-Table from 1781 to 1782. He was a member of the Connecticut Committee on Pay-Table from 1782 to 1784. This group was responsible for accounting Connecticut's military expenses during the American Revolution.
539:, but considering Bassett's spurious political alignment the allegation is unlikely at best and fraudulent at worst. According to the purported request, he was instructed to convince her to return or to take her by force, but Judge was warned by Senator
587:
from 1817 to 1827. He was a candidate for Governor of Connecticut in 1827. He was the 5th Grand Master of the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of the State of Connecticut of Ancient, Free & Accepted Masons from 1818 to 1820.
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505:(sometimes known as Ona), escaped from the Executive Mansion in Philadelphia, where she lived with the Washingtons during his presidency, serving as Washington's chambermaid. As Secretary, Wolcott was
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464:
from 1789 to 1791. He was Comptroller for the United States Department of the Treasury from 1791 to 1795. He was a commission merchant in New York City from 1793 to 1815. He was the 2nd
528:
In their correspondence, Washington said that he wanted to avoid controversy, so he did not use the courts to take advantage of the method that he had signed into law under the
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869:
White, Richard (2008). "A Tale of Two Bureaucrats: Joseph Nourse, Oliver Wolcott Jr., and the Forerunners of American Public Administration".
819:
White, Richard (2008). "A Tale of Two Bureaucrats: Joseph Nourse, Oliver Wolcott Jr., and the Forerunners of American Public Administration".
784:
White, Richard (2008). "A Tale of Two Bureaucrats: Joseph Nourse, Oliver Wolcott Jr., and the Forerunners of American Public Administration".
749:
White, Richard (2008). "A Tale of Two Bureaucrats: Joseph Nourse, Oliver Wolcott Jr., and the Forerunners of American Public Administration".
714:
White, Richard (2008). "A Tale of Two Bureaucrats: Joseph Nourse, Oliver Wolcott Jr., and the Forerunners of American Public Administration".
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against the United States from 1784 to 1788. He was Comptroller of Public Accounts for Connecticut from 1788 to 1789. He was Auditor for the
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on February 20, 1801, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on July 1, 1802, due to the abolition of the court.
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developed his own sense of beliefs that differed from the Standing Order and was more inclusive of the general population in Connecticut.
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Wolcott died on June 1, 1833, in New York City. He was the last surviving cabinet member of the Washington administration.
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and hid. Wolcott's involvement with this case ended after his first attempt to return Judge to slavery.
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356:(January 11, 1760 – June 1, 1833) was an American politician and judge. He was the second
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Washington allegedly made another attempt to apprehend Judge in 1798 through his nephew,
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Never Caught: The Washingtons' Relentless Pursuit of Their Runaway Slave, Ona Judge
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United States federal judge; second U.S. Secretary of the Treasury (1760–1833)
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Runaway advertisement, The Pennsylvania Gazette (Philadelphia), May 24, 1796.
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United States federal judges admitted to the practice of law by reading law
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The First Presidential Contest: 1796 and the Founding of American Democracy
525:, and recommended for the president to go through the courts if necessary.
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617:, Connecticut, was named in honor of Oliver Jr. and his father Oliver Sr.
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1134:(1st ed.). Wallingford, CT: Grand Lodge of Connecticut. p. 321.
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1019:"The Political Graveyard: Index to Politicians: Bassage to Batara"
679:"The Standing Order: Connecticut's Ruling Aristocracy, 1639-1818"
3160:
Democratic-Republican Party state governors of the United States
982:"Search John C. Fitzpatrick's The Writings of George Washington"
914:"Search John C. Fitzpatrick's The Writings of George Washington"
2964:
580:
1909:
1132:
A Bicentennial History Of The Grand Lodge Of Connecticut
509:'s intermediary in getting the Collector of Customs for
938:
George Washington and slavery: a documentary portrayal
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Toleration Party state governors of the United States
3215:
United States federal judges appointed by John Adams
1097:
Adams vs. Jefferson: the tumultuous election of 1800
492:
1319:United States Circuit Court for the Second Circuit
1094:
1007:. New York: First 37 Ink/Atria Books. p. 148.
935:
557:United States Circuit Court for the Second Circuit
456:Wolcott was also commissioner to settle claims of
362:United States Circuit Court for the Second Circuit
103:United States Circuit Court for the Second Circuit
3106:
399:portrait of Wolcott as Secretary of the Treasury
942:. University of Missouri Press. 1997. p.
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1895:
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170:February 3, 1795 – December 31, 1800
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1035:. Seacoast NH Black History. Archived from
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3180:Judges of the United States circuit courts
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3225:Washington administration cabinet members
3220:United States secretaries of the treasury
3175:John Adams administration cabinet members
1911:United States Secretaries of the Treasury
1033:"Ona, Runaway Slave of George Washington"
858:. University Press of Kansas. p. 58.
115:February 20, 1801 – July 1, 1802
3200:Politicians from Litchfield, Connecticut
1175:Biographical Directory of Federal Judges
676:
660:Biographical Directory of Federal Judges
462:United States Department of the Treasury
391:
1259:United States Secretary of the Treasury
1185:
1092:
969:Library of congress whipple to wolcott.
701:"Oliver Wolcott: The People's Governor"
698:
384:, part of the Griswold-Wolcott family.
358:United States Secretary of the Treasury
158:United States Secretary of the Treasury
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559:, to a new seat authorized by 2
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3190:Military personnel from Connecticut
583:from 1815 to 1816. He was the 24th
551:Wolcott was nominated by President
380:. Oliver Wolcott Jr. is the son to
13:
3145:Connecticut Democratic-Republicans
3140:American people of English descent
627:
427:in 1778, where he was a member of
56:May 8, 1817 – May 2, 1827
14:
3251:
3130:19th-century American politicians
3125:18th-century American politicians
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493:Martha Washington's escaped slave
3005:
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397:Bureau of Engraving and Printing
339:
1487:Presidency of George Washington
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1123:
1086:
1074:
1058:Lawler, Edward (July 4, 1995).
1051:
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517:, to capture and send Judge to
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1311:Seat established by 2 Stat. 89
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419:from 1777 to 1779, during the
138:Seat established by 2 Stat. 89
1:
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555:on February 18, 1801, to the
403:Born on January 11, 1760, in
387:
3205:Toleration Party politicians
3185:Litchfield Law School alumni
3135:18th-century American judges
871:Administration & Society
821:Administration & Society
786:Administration & Society
751:Administration & Society
716:Administration & Society
7:
1080:For additional information
10:
3256:
1163:
1130:Case, James Royal (1989).
567:. He was confirmed by the
530:Fugitive Slave Act of 1793
489:with France in 1798-1800.
421:American Revolutionary War
3240:Continental Army soldiers
3083:
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3016:Secretary of the Treasury
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2847:Secretary of the Treasury
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2358:Governors of Connecticut
1494:Presidency of John Adams
1335:Party political offices
1221:Oliver Wolcott Jr. House
984:. Etext.lib.virginia.edu
883:10.1177/0095399708317168
854:Pasley, Jeffrey (2013).
833:10.1177/0095399708317168
798:10.1177/0095399708317168
763:10.1177/0095399708317168
728:10.1177/0095399708317168
677:Corrigan, David (2012).
600:
547:Federal judicial service
497:On May 21, 1796, one of
415:, Wolcott served in the
3195:People of the Quasi-War
3150:Connecticut Federalists
1354:Governor of Connecticut
1287:Governor of Connecticut
1180:Federal Judicial Center
1178:, a publication of the
1103:Oxford University Press
699:Hocking, Linda (2018).
665:Federal Judicial Center
663:, a publication of the
592:Governor of Connecticut
585:Governor of Connecticut
366:Governor of Connecticut
44:Governor of Connecticut
3230:Yale University alumni
1093:Ferling, John (2004).
1003:Dunbar, Erica (2017).
423:, then graduated from
400:
3085:Secretary of the Navy
1629:Jonathan Trumbull Jr.
1350:Democratic-Republican
1082:see Edward Lawler Jr.
395:
1621:Frederick Muhlenberg
1226:The Ingraham Library
1199:. pp. 479–627.
916:. Etext.virginia.edu
683:Connecticut Explored
569:United States Senate
3155:Connecticut lawyers
1414:National Republican
575:Post Federal career
472:Treasury Department
468:from 1795 to 1800.
3024:Oliver Wolcott Jr.
2982:Secretary of State
2861:Oliver Wolcott Jr.
2855:Alexander Hamilton
2801:Secretary of State
1744:Oliver Wolcott Jr.
1736:Alexander Hamilton
1480:First Party System
1251:Alexander Hamilton
1243:Political offices
1231:Oliver Wolcott Jr.
1192:Alexander Hamilton
409:Connecticut Colony
401:
382:Oliver Wolcott Sr.
354:Oliver Wolcott Jr.
302:Oliver Wolcott Sr.
243:Connecticut Colony
226:Oliver Wolcott Jr.
195:Alexander Hamilton
67:Jonathan Ingersoll
23:Oliver Wolcott Jr.
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3093:Benjamin Stoddert
2990:Timothy Pickering
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2827:Timothy Pickering
2792:George Washington
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1863:Benjamin Stoddert
1781:Timothy Pickering
1691:Timothy Pickering
1645:Theodore Sedgwick
1421:
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1407:Succeeded by
1327:Succeeded by
1294:Succeeded by
1279:John Cotton Smith
1266:Succeeded by
507:George Washington
499:Martha Washington
429:Brothers in Unity
360:, a judge of the
351:
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179:George Washington
83:John Cotton Smith
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3066:Attorney General
3041:Secretary of War
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2903:Attorney General
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1410:Gideon Tomlinson
1340:Preceded by
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1309:Preceded by
1297:Gideon Tomlinson
1276:Preceded by
1248:Preceded by
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1146:"About: Wolcott"
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2369:Trumbull Sr.
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1743:
1715:Richard Rush
1657:U.S. Cabinet
1505:Presidential
1352:nominee for
1348:
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1235:Find a Grave
1195:. New York:
1191:
1187:Chernow, Ron
1173:
1149:. Retrieved
1140:
1131:
1125:
1101:. New York:
1096:
1088:
1076:
1064:. Retrieved
1060:"Oney Judge"
1053:
1041:. Retrieved
1037:the original
1027:
1013:
1004:
998:
986:. Retrieved
976:
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963:– via
957:. Retrieved
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918:. Retrieved
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258:(1833-06-01)
256:June 1, 1833
202:Succeeded by
165:
149:
145:Succeeded by
137:
121:Appointed by
110:
90:Succeeded by
51:
3120:1833 deaths
3115:1760 births
3095:(1798–1801)
3076:(1797–1801)
3074:Charles Lee
3057:(1800–1801)
3051:(1797–1800)
3026:(1797–1800)
2998:(1800–1801)
2992:(1797–1800)
2975:(1797–1801)
2925:(1795–1797)
2923:Charles Lee
2919:(1794–1795)
2913:(1789–1794)
2894:(1796–1797)
2882:(1789–1794)
2863:(1795–1797)
2857:(1789–1795)
2829:(1795–1797)
2823:(1794–1795)
2817:(1790–1793)
2811:(1789–1790)
2794:(1789–1797)
2589:Chamberlain
2464:J. Trumbull
2409:Wolcott Jr.
2399:R. Griswold
2384:Wolcott Sr.
2374:M. Griswold
1865:(1798–1801)
1844:(1814–1817)
1836:(1795–1801)
1834:Charles Lee
1828:(1794–1795)
1820:(1789–1794)
1799:(1800–1801)
1791:(1796–1800)
1775:(1789–1795)
1746:(1795–1801)
1738:(1789–1795)
1709:(1800–1801)
1699:Charles Lee
1693:(1795–1800)
1685:(1794–1795)
1677:(1789–1790)
1647:(1799–1801)
1639:(1795–1799)
1631:(1791–1793)
1623:(1789–1791)
1565:C. Pinckney
1550:C. Pinckney
1539:C. Pinckney
1524:T. Pinckney
1151:November 2,
1066:January 23,
1043:January 23,
988:January 23,
959:January 23,
920:January 23,
501:'s slaves,
458:Connecticut
290:(1827-1829)
285:(1816-1827)
190:Preceded by
133:Preceded by
78:Preceded by
71:David Plant
3109:Categories
2973:John Adams
2880:Henry Knox
2669:McConaughy
2614:S. Baldwin
2494:Buckingham
2379:Huntington
2237:Blumenthal
2177:Morgenthau
2062:Richardson
1773:Henry Knox
1610:U.S. House
1324:1801–1802
1291:1817–1827
1263:1795–1800
1105:. p.
877:(4): 398.
827:(4): 393.
792:(4): 392.
757:(4): 391.
722:(4): 390.
621:References
553:John Adams
503:Oney Judge
405:Litchfield
388:Early life
378:Jacksonian
374:Toleration
370:Federalist
288:Jacksonian
283:Toleration
278:Federalist
239:Litchfield
232:1760-01-11
183:John Adams
126:John Adams
62:Lieutenant
2970:President
2789:President
2629:Templeton
2524:Ingersoll
2444:Cleveland
2439:Ellsworth
2414:Tomlinson
2394:Treadwell
2137:Cortelyou
2107:Fairchild
2097:McCulloch
2052:McCulloch
2047:Fessenden
1584:Ingersoll
891:145513268
841:145513268
806:145513268
771:145513268
736:145513268
487:Quasi-War
435:in 1781.
336:Signature
322:Education
312:Relatives
175:President
166:In office
111:In office
52:In office
42:24th
2809:John Jay
2689:Ribicoff
2599:Woodruff
2559:Bulkeley
2549:Harrison
2292:Geithner
2222:Connally
2197:Anderson
2192:Humphrey
2142:MacVeagh
2122:Carlisle
2057:Boutwell
2012:Meredith
1982:Woodbury
1952:Crawford
1942:Campbell
1937:Gallatin
1922:Hamilton
1727:Treasury
1675:John Jay
1612:speakers
1189:(2004).
433:read law
330:read law
304:(father)
267:New York
2966:Cabinet
2785:Cabinet
2719:Rowland
2714:Weicker
2709:O'Neill
2699:Meskill
2694:Dempsey
2674:Shannon
2634:Bingham
2619:Holcomb
2594:Roberts
2539:Bigelow
2534:Andrews
2529:Hubbard
2514:English
2504:English
2469:Seymour
2459:Bissell
2434:Edwards
2424:Edwards
2302:Mnuchin
2287:Paulson
2277:O'Neill
2272:Summers
2262:Bentsen
2217:Kennedy
2157:Houston
2102:Manning
2092:Gresham
2077:Sherman
2072:Morrill
2067:Bristow
2022:Guthrie
1997:Spencer
1992:Forward
1927:Wolcott
1580:Clinton
1507:tickets
1172:at the
1164:Sources
657:at the
615:Wolcott
3032:(1801)
2888:(1795)
2734:Lamont
2729:Malloy
2704:Grasso
2679:Bowles
2654:Hurley
2604:Lilley
2584:McLean
2569:Coffin
2564:Morris
2544:Waller
2519:Jewell
2509:Jewell
2499:Hawley
2489:Holley
2479:Dutton
2454:Toucey
2419:Peters
2307:Yellen
2242:Miller
2227:Shultz
2207:Fowler
2202:Dillon
2187:Snyder
2182:Vinson
2172:Woodin
2162:Mellon
2147:McAdoo
2117:Foster
2112:Windom
2087:Folger
2082:Windom
2032:Thomas
2017:Corwin
2007:Walker
1967:McLane
1962:Ingham
1947:Dallas
1932:Dexter
1783:(1795)
1754:(1801)
1717:(1817)
1701:(1800)
1599:Howard
1203:
1113:
950:
889:
839:
804:
769:
734:
609:Legacy
581:farmer
563:
443:Career
295:Parent
269:, U.S.
2684:Lodge
2644:Cross
2609:Weeks
2574:Cooke
2484:Minor
2404:Smith
2267:Rubin
2257:Brady
2252:Baker
2247:Regan
2232:Simon
2167:Mills
2152:Glass
2042:Chase
1987:Ewing
1977:Taney
1972:Duane
1666:State
1535:Adams
1520:Adams
1285:24th
887:S2CID
837:S2CID
802:S2CID
767:S2CID
732:S2CID
601:Death
561:Stat.
372:, to
2724:Rell
2664:Snow
2624:Lake
2474:Pond
2429:Foot
2282:Snow
2212:Barr
2132:Shaw
2127:Gage
2027:Cobb
2002:Bibb
1957:Rush
1854:Navy
1595:King
1591:1816
1576:1812
1569:King
1561:1808
1554:King
1546:1804
1531:1800
1516:1796
1403:1827
1399:1826
1395:1825
1391:1824
1387:1823
1383:1822
1379:1821
1375:1820
1371:1819
1367:1818
1363:1817
1359:1816
1257:2nd
1201:ISBN
1153:2022
1111:ISBN
1068:2011
1045:2011
990:2011
961:2011
948:ISBN
922:2011
431:and
253:Died
222:Born
156:2nd
2968:of
2787:of
2297:Lew
2037:Dix
1764:War
1233:at
1107:199
944:114
879:doi
829:doi
794:doi
759:doi
724:doi
3111::
1593::
1578::
1563::
1548::
1533::
1518::
1401:,
1397:,
1393:,
1389:,
1385:,
1381:,
1377:,
1373:,
1369:,
1365:,
1361:,
1109:.
967:.
946:.
885:.
875:40
873:.
835:.
825:40
823:.
800:.
790:40
788:.
765:.
755:40
753:.
730:.
720:40
718:.
691:^
681:.
629:^
565:89
513:,
411:,
407:,
265:,
245:,
241:,
2958:e
2951:t
2944:v
2777:e
2770:t
2763:v
2350:e
2343:t
2336:v
1903:e
1896:t
1889:v
1597:/
1582:/
1567:/
1552:/
1537:/
1522:/
1446:e
1439:t
1432:v
1416:)
1412:(
1209:.
1182:.
1155:.
1119:.
1070:.
1047:.
1021:.
992:.
924:.
893:.
881::
843:.
831::
808:.
796::
773:.
761::
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726::
703:.
685:.
667:.
234:)
230:(
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