981:
2222:
2212:
2202:
1115:
folders are where one goes to find the relationships for any given part within the package. To find the relationships for a specific part, one looks in the "_rels" folder that is a sibling of that part: If the part has relationships, the "_rels" folder will contain a file that has one's original part
1204:
The main parts of the embedded documents are often stored within a folder named "/Document" (which may contain subdirectories itself, if the file contains several related documents each of them with various parts), and the optional metadata parts that are not needed for processing the main parts of
1047:
OPC packages can store parts that contain any type of data (text, images, XML, binary, whatever). The extension ".rels", however, is reserved for storing relationships metadata within "/_rels" subfolders. The subfolder name "_rels", the file extension ".rels" within such directory, and the filename
1122:
All relationships (including the relations associated to the root package) are represented as XML files. If you open a ".rels" file in a text editor, you can view the actual XML markup that defines all the relationships targeted from that part. A typical relationships file contains XML code like
1216:
It encourages documents to be split into small chunks. This is better for reducing the effect of file corruption. And better for data access: for example, all the style information in one XML part, each separate worksheet or table in their own different parts. This allows faster access and less
1064:
for all the parts stored in the package. The "/.xml" file defines default mappings based on file extensions, along with overrides for specific parts with content-types that are different from the file extension defaults. For example, one of these defined MIME types is:
222:, non-normative) reference to the newer PKWARE Inc's ".ZIP File Format Specification" version 6.2.1 (2005). The ZIP format is not specified by any international standard but has widespread community and developer acceptance.
1229:
file with the indirection lists. This makes it easier to cut and paste some information with all its associated resources in some cases, provides name scoping to remove the chance of name clashing between files, and so on.
177:(OpenXPS) document. OPC-based file formats combine the advantages of leaving the independent file entities embedded in the document intact and resulting in much smaller files compared to normal use of XML.
2267:
1099:
The root level "/_rels" folder stores the relationships for the package as a whole. The "/_rels" folder normally contains a file named ".rels". "/_rels/.rels" is an XML file where the starting
1653:
1116:
name with a ".rels" appended to it. For example, if the content types part file had any relationships, there would be a file called ".xml.rels" inside the "/_rels" folder.
996:
corresponds to a file stored within the ZIP. Every part in a package has a unique URI-compliant part name along with a specified content-type expressed in the form of a
1201:
within the openxmlformats collection), and the other one being used to reference an alternate form (here a thumbnail rendered image of the first page of the document).
1208:.rels" relationship files and the OPC specification allows any folder organisation that is convenient for the application and these two folder names are not required.
451:
1249:
ISO/IEC 29500-2:2008 - Information technology -- Document description and processing languages -- Office Open XML File
Formats -- Part 2: Open Packaging Conventions
1103:
are stored. Normally when opening an OPC-based file, applications start by accessing to the "/_rels/.rels" file to read the starting package-level relationships.
1641:
1014:
that define associations between the package, parts, and external resources. In addition to a hierarchy of directories and parts, OPC packages commonly use
874:
972:
Alternatively, ZIP libraries can be used to create and open OPC files, as long as the correct files are included in the ZIP and the conventions followed.
2632:
296:
file. OPC also defines some naming conventions and an indirection method to allow position independence of binary and XML files in the ZIP archive.
272:
format. In addition to data and document content in XML markup, files in the ZIP package can include other text and binary files in formats such as
337:
1205:
the document are stored in a folder named "/Metadata"; however these actual folder names are actually specified within the XML-formatted data in "
1617:
1283:
218:
version 6.2.0 (2004), and supplements it with a normative set of clarifications. Note: The older first edition of ECMA-376 makes an informative (
926:
191:
102:
2607:
1738:
1424:
1003:. A part's content-type explicitly defines the type of data stored in the part and reduces duplication and ambiguity issues inherent with
2668:
1455:
1882:
1788:
675:
195:
106:
1657:
2258:
1469:
2627:
2341:
1678:
1398:
237:) to be used for URI references to OPC-based packages. The draft expired in 2009, the specified syntax is incompatible with the
3141:
3006:
2857:
2617:
1748:
2716:
2642:
248:
The ISO 19165:1-2018 recommends the use of the Open
Packaging Conventions to implement the Geospatial Package defined in the
1713:
1530:
2751:
471:
2910:
1332:
1301:
825:
1248:
1193:
which defines two relations for the root package, the first one being considered as the root package (here for an early
3741:
2802:
2774:
2701:
2377:
547:
496:
1411:
3381:
3282:
3001:
2978:
3039:
2953:
2673:
2527:
249:
2963:
2336:
2306:
1570:
923:
723:
622:
591:
226:
148:
3963:
3943:
3055:
2996:
2119:
1599:
1584:
3159:
2867:
2205:
1781:
3528:
3229:
2991:
2862:
2852:
2840:
2251:
1933:
1217:
object creation for clients and makes it easier for multiple processes to be working on the same document.
1198:
796:
174:
3103:
3016:
2968:
1887:
966:
230:
210:
The ISO/IEC 29500-2:2008 specification and the second edition of ECMA-376 makes a normative reference to
1262:
3859:
3134:
2845:
2612:
2413:
1621:
3826:
2835:
2637:
2554:
2331:
2326:
2301:
2156:
727:
273:
2764:
1723:
1361:
3968:
3884:
3854:
3711:
3621:
2812:
2600:
2564:
2225:
1774:
1762:
ISO 19165 Geographic information – Preservation of digital data and metadata – Part 1: Fundamentals
625:
that bundles hardware platforms, languages, and resources for an application listed on
Microsoft's
285:
3948:
3924:
3844:
3731:
3194:
3098:
3083:
3060:
2807:
2797:
2731:
2244:
2215:
660:
538:
340:
277:
261:
566:
Replaces .vsd (Visio binary file) and .vdx (Visio XML Drawing) formats used in earlier versions
3958:
3953:
3536:
3391:
2759:
2741:
2711:
2569:
2281:
1431:
962:
281:
1058:
997:
3691:
3666:
3386:
3150:
3127:
3029:
2948:
2943:
2736:
2496:
2408:
2311:
1953:
1297:
375:
349:
3791:
3671:
3376:
3301:
2830:
2532:
2481:
2382:
2321:
2201:
1376:
1176:"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/package/2006/relationships/metadata/thumbnail"
1048:".xml" in any folder are the only three reserved names for files stored in an OPC package.
383:
379:
8:
3801:
3786:
3651:
3237:
2905:
2888:
2789:
2696:
2435:
2146:
1968:
1743:
1728:
1718:
1061:
1000:
696:
630:
599:
138:
1494:
1414:, May 18, 2009, by Jack Davis, Microsoft Packaging Team Blog: Open Packaging Conventions
3546:
3277:
2476:
2316:
1841:
1821:
1473:
853:
506:
487:
324:
202:
98:
1034:
a relationship type (a URI-style expression that defines the type of the relationship)
3816:
3796:
3761:
3341:
3214:
3088:
2958:
2900:
2726:
2506:
2460:
2151:
2131:
2124:
2114:
2109:
2099:
2094:
2084:
2079:
2056:
2051:
2016:
2011:
2006:
1991:
1981:
1958:
1938:
1831:
1449:
1346:
1277:
613:
582:
522:
432:
390:
386:
269:
238:
128:
17:
3478:
1692:
1322:
268:(OOXML) use Open Packaging Conventions (OPC), which provide a profile of the common
3267:
2559:
2445:
1976:
1948:
531:
Interactive learning material, such as e-books containing images, audio, and video
289:
3606:
3596:
3541:
3456:
2440:
2141:
1826:
1538:
1004:
871:
Storage format for distribution and playback of multimedia video and audio files
776:
756:
745:
736:
692:
688:
649:
557:
422:
265:
186:
2236:
3661:
3626:
3471:
3346:
3336:
2920:
2779:
2501:
2372:
2071:
2046:
1797:
1019:
943:
919:
885:
1585:"App packages and deployment (Windows Runtime apps) - Windows app development"
3937:
3466:
3321:
3034:
3024:
2938:
2822:
2691:
2622:
2455:
2450:
2136:
640:
626:
595:
1552:
1225:
In the Open
Packaging Conventions, each file that has reference has its own
984:
Container structure of Part 2 of the Ecma Office Open XML standard, ECMA-376
980:
3869:
3701:
3591:
3566:
3556:
3441:
3411:
3093:
1986:
1902:
1836:
1753:
1729:
OPC Digital
Signatures: Application Guidelines for Common Criteria Security
1022:
of relationship associations. Relationships are composed of four elements:
895:
765:
400:
299:
OPC files can be opened using common ZIP utilities. OPC allow indirection,
293:
211:
1759:
153:
3839:
3776:
3746:
3641:
3461:
3078:
2986:
2721:
2425:
2367:
2362:
1963:
958:
785:
609:
578:
353:
1152:"http://schemas.microsoft.com/xps/2005/06/fixedrepresentation"
1134:"http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/package/2006/relationships"
3879:
3751:
3736:
3681:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3446:
3431:
3416:
3219:
2706:
2647:
2511:
2430:
2172:
1600:"Windows Phone 8.1 includes universal apps and lots of feature updates"
881:
685:
3906:
3864:
3849:
3811:
3636:
3508:
3209:
3108:
1912:
1811:
954:
840:
706:
574:
463:
441:
166:
94:
1083:"application/vnd.openxmlformats-package.relationships+xml"
3806:
3756:
3706:
3686:
3676:
3616:
3601:
3551:
3513:
3421:
3406:
3371:
3356:
3351:
3326:
3316:
3287:
3262:
3247:
3199:
3189:
3184:
2491:
2291:
2286:
1907:
1867:
843:
700:
363:
1766:
3912:
3631:
3611:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3561:
3518:
3451:
3426:
3401:
3396:
3331:
3272:
3242:
3179:
3174:
2933:
2928:
2893:
2769:
2595:
2537:
2486:
2403:
2387:
2031:
2026:
1327:
366:
1512:
1377:"Open Packaging Conventions & Open XML Markup Compatibility"
315:
The OPC is the foundation technology for many new file formats:
241:
for URI schemes (STD 66, RFC 3986). The scheme is now listed as
173:
and non-XML files that together form a single entity such as an
3874:
3483:
3436:
3361:
3119:
2547:
2420:
1877:
1857:
1571:"Developer tools, technical documentation and coding examples"
1041:
to another part within the package or to an external resource)
20:(OPF), an unrelated format that describes the structure of an
3900:
3696:
3656:
3646:
3366:
3257:
2574:
1996:
1862:
1733:
1399:"Comment on Can a file be ODF and Open XML at the same time?"
1031:
an optional source (the package or a part within the package)
862:
714:
950:
namespace. Open source libraries exist for other languages.
3834:
3781:
3771:
3252:
3204:
2663:
2542:
2346:
2296:
2177:
2104:
2089:
2061:
2021:
1897:
1892:
1872:
1816:
906:
21:
818:
165:(OPC) is a container-file technology initially created by
2872:
2187:
2041:
2001:
1943:
1038:
170:
124:
45:
Office Open XML File
Formats - Open Packaging Conventions
1928:
1260:
425:
containing layout, connections and embedded components
1744:
The
Addressing Model of the Open Packaging Conventions
1182:"/Documents/1/Metadata/Page1_Thumbnail.JPG"
975:
812:
Platform
Industrie 4.0 - Administrative Asset Shell
1642:Details of the Asset Administration Shell - Part 1
2266:
1685:
515:Data and information visualization template file
3935:
1679:"DataFormats.XamlPackage Field (System.Windows)"
1263:"Standard ECMA-376 Office Open XML File Formats"
1111:Each part may have its own relationships. The
3135:
2252:
1782:
310:
1724:Essentials of the Open Packaging Conventions
1396:
1739:Open Packaging Conventions (OPC) MSDN Forum
1719:OPC: A New Standard for Packaging Your Data
1714:Download specification ISO/IEC 29500-2:2012
1470:"What's AutoCAD DWF file | DWG to DGN"
1323:"Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) Schemes"
1282:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
225:Microsoft submitted a draft in 2006 to the
3142:
3128:
2911:Security Support Provider Interface (SSPI)
2259:
2245:
2211:
1789:
1775:
1693:"Using OPC to Store Your Own Data: Page 3"
1244:
1242:
992:corresponds to a ZIP archive and the term
1261:Ecma International TC45 (December 2006).
304:
1374:
1197:document, before it was standardized as
1158:"/FixedDocumentSequence.fdseq"
979:
965:interfaces, collectively referred to as
957:, OPC is also natively supported in the
352:design data for additive manufacturing (
2342:Windows Advanced Rasterization Platform
1239:
1220:
942:OPC is natively supported in Microsoft
594:for applications listed on Microsoft's
3936:
2337:DirectX Graphics Infrastructure (DXGI)
1597:
1553:"IEC 62769-4:2015 | IEC Webstore"
1454:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
703:in files, links to geoservices, etc.)
185:The OPC is specified in Part 2 of the
3123:
2240:
1770:
804:Fixed document for document exchange
668:Fixed document for document exchange
460:Field Device Integration information
369:Design Web Format (DWFX) file format
1495:"CDDX File Format - Circuit Diagram"
472:Microsoft Application Virtualization
2166:Document packaging and distribution
2072:Software packaging and distribution
1796:
1412:Adventures in Packaging - Episode 1
894:Embedded 3D CAD data files include
826:Siemens Digital Industries Software
13:
2803:Microsoft Foundation Classes (MFC)
2775:Distributed Component Object Model
548:Integrated development environment
497:Data and information visualization
14:
3980:
1749:OPC implementation test documents
1706:
1598:Warren, Tom (February 11, 2014).
976:Package, parts, and relationships
852:Dynamic system specification for
444:family data, stories, and photos
180:
3149:
2221:
2220:
2210:
2200:
250:Open Archival Information System
28:Open Packaging Conventions (OPC)
1671:
1646:
1635:
1610:
1591:
1577:
1563:
1545:
1523:
1505:
1487:
227:Internet Engineering Task Force
2813:Windows Template Library (WTL)
1531:"Technology - FDI-Cooperation"
1462:
1417:
1405:
1390:
1368:
1315:
1290:
1254:
1010:OPC packages can also include
937:
409:Plant engineering information
292:, or even an already packaged
216:.ZIP File Format Specification
1:
3382:Creo Elements/Direct Drafting
2808:Active Template Library (ATL)
2528:Data Access Components (MDAC)
2268:Microsoft APIs and frameworks
1233:
988:In OPC terminology, the term
791:ECMA-376, ISO/IEC 29500:2008
771:ECMA-376, ISO/IEC 29500:2008
751:ECMA-376, ISO/IEC 29500:2008
541:2010+ Extensions file format
300:
1656:. 2013-05-06. Archived from
1199:Open XML Paper Specification
1018:to access content through a
797:Open XML Paper Specification
175:Open XML Paper Specification
7:
3104:Multilingual User Interface
3030:Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE)
1397:Rick Jeliffe (2007-07-29).
1211:
1101:package-level relationships
10:
3985:
2183:Open Packaging Conventions
896:Standard ACIS Binary (SAB)
311:File formats using the OPC
169:to store a combination of
163:Open Packaging Conventions
62:December 7, 2006
15:
3922:
3893:
3825:
3724:
3527:
3309:
3300:
3228:
3167:
3158:
3069:
3048:
3015:
2977:
2919:
2881:
2821:
2788:
2750:
2682:
2656:
2588:
2555:Extensible Storage Engine
2520:
2469:
2396:
2355:
2332:Windows Imaging Component
2327:Windows Image Acquisition
2274:
2196:
2165:
2070:
1922:Archiving and compression
1921:
1850:
1804:
1618:"Content Moved (Windows)"
1401:. O'Reilly net XML blogs.
1298:"pack Status: historical"
728:package management system
560:2013 drawing file format
416:Circuit Diagram Document
144:
134:
120:
116:ECMA-376, ISO/IEC 29500-2
112:
90:
73:
58:
50:
40:
32:
1654:"SpaceClaim file format"
1125:
1068:
699:data, symbolization and
684:Geographic information (
452:Field Device Integration
255:
44:
16:Not to be confused with
3925:History of CAD software
3845:Open Cascade Technology
3195:Open Cascade Technology
3099:Language Interface Pack
3084:Text Services Framework
2798:Framework Class Library
1535:www.fdi-cooperation.com
1499:www.circuit-diagram.org
1375:XPS team (2006-09-01).
661:XML Paper Specification
539:Microsoft Visual Studio
341:3D Manufacturing Format
262:XML Paper Specification
3392:DesignSpark Mechanical
2742:Common Log File System
2570:Access Database Engine
2282:Desktop Window Manager
2178:OEBPS Container Format
1188:</Relationships>
1057:This file defines the
985:
918:Function supported by
3964:Microsoft initiatives
3944:Computer file formats
3682:SolidWorks Electrical
3070:Text and multilingual
983:
509:template file format
480:Portable application
18:Open Packaging Format
3160:Free and open-source
3056:Active Accessibility
2322:Windows Color System
1754:OPC package explorer
1265:. Ecma International
1221:Relative indirection
916:Not a specification.
678:open compressed map
305:relative indirection
154:ISO/IEC 29500-2:2021
139:Electronic documents
77:ISO/IEC 29500-2:2021
3094:Input method editor
2906:Data Protection API
2697:Windows Script Host
2436:Image Mastering API
1734:Packaging team blog
1328:Protocol Registries
948:System.IO.Packaging
631:Windows Phone Store
600:Windows Phone Store
490:report file format
29:
3547:AutoCAD Electrical
2992:Enterprise Library
2979:Software factories
2683:Administration and
2613:Filtering Platform
2414:Video Acceleration
2173:OEB Package Format
1513:"CodePlex Archive"
1028:an identifier (ID)
986:
898:solid model files
875:SMPTE ST 2053-2011
854:Model-based design
507:Microsoft Power BI
488:Microsoft Power BI
391:technical drawings
343:(3MF) file format
325:Filename extension
27:
3931:
3930:
3720:
3719:
3387:Creo Elements/Pro
3342:Autodesk Inventor
3296:
3295:
3117:
3116:
3089:Text Object Model
2901:Windows CardSpace
2727:Windows Installer
2461:Video for Windows
2234:
2233:
1756:to edit XML parts
1587:. 6 October 2015.
1354:External link in
1128:<Relationships
961:through a set of
935:
934:
614:Windows Phone 8.1
583:Windows Phone 8.1
523:Microsoft Semblio
403:container format
387:computer graphics
239:Internet Standard
159:
158:
121:Related standards
3976:
3827:Modeling kernels
3307:
3306:
3165:
3164:
3144:
3137:
3130:
3121:
3120:
2702:WMI (extensions)
2560:Entity Framework
2446:Media Foundation
2297:D3D (extensions)
2261:
2254:
2247:
2238:
2237:
2224:
2223:
2214:
2213:
2204:
1851:Compression only
1791:
1784:
1777:
1768:
1767:
1760:ISO 19165-1:2018
1701:
1700:
1689:
1683:
1682:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1650:
1644:
1639:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1620:. Archived from
1614:
1608:
1607:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1581:
1575:
1574:
1567:
1561:
1560:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1537:. Archived from
1527:
1521:
1520:
1517:CodePlex Archive
1509:
1503:
1502:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1472:. Archived from
1466:
1460:
1459:
1453:
1445:
1443:
1442:
1436:
1430:. Archived from
1429:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1359:
1358:
1352:
1350:
1342:
1340:
1339:
1319:
1313:
1312:
1310:
1309:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1281:
1273:
1271:
1270:
1258:
1252:
1246:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1164:<Relationship
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1140:<Relationship
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1077:"rels"
1075:
1072:
949:
922:only for saving
724:Software package
623:Software package
592:Software package
318:
317:
236:
86:
84:
79:August 2021
69:
67:
30:
26:
3984:
3983:
3979:
3978:
3977:
3975:
3974:
3973:
3969:Office Open XML
3934:
3933:
3932:
3927:
3918:
3889:
3821:
3716:
3597:DesignSpark PCB
3542:Altium Designer
3523:
3292:
3224:
3154:
3148:
3118:
3113:
3071:
3065:
3044:
3011:
2973:
2915:
2877:
2817:
2784:
2752:Component model
2746:
2732:Error Reporting
2684:
2678:
2652:
2584:
2516:
2507:SideBar Gadgets
2465:
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1541:on 2014-09-19.
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3870:ShapeManager
3766:
3725:File formats
3592:Delta Design
3567:CircuitMaker
3557:BoardStation
3442:MicroStation
2997:Composite UI
2579:
2482:RSS Platform
2182:
1697:www.devx.com
1696:
1687:
1673:
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828:file format
766:Presentation
619:.appxbundle
585:App Package
525:file format
499:report file
474:file format
442:genealogical
435:file format
401:AutomationML
321:File format
314:
298:
259:
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212:PKWARE, Inc.
209:
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190:
184:
162:
160:
91:Organization
33:Abbreviation
24:file in XML.
3462:Pro/DESKTOP
3302:Proprietary
3079:DirectWrite
2987:EFx Factory
2944:Silverlight
2722:Shadow Copy
2521:Data access
2426:DirectInput
2368:DirectSound
2363:DirectMusic
2312:Silverlight
1357:|work=
1071:<Default
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959:Windows API
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938:Programming
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3504:T-FLEX CAD
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3220:SolveSpace
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2889:Crypto API
2707:PowerShell
2685:management
2648:DirectPlay
2589:Networking
2512:TypeScript
2431:DirectShow
2397:Multimedia
2383:Speech API
2302:GDI / GDI+
2206:Comparison
1664:2017-08-14
1628:2015-01-26
1480:2014-08-30
1441:2016-05-26
1383:2007-04-04
1338:2013-05-12
1308:2013-05-12
1269:2007-04-04
1234:References
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1054:/.xml file
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639:Microsoft
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3509:Tinkercad
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807:ECMA-388
788:workbook
779:Workbook
748:document
739:Document
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3552:Autotrax
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3035:Remoting
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909:Package
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701:metadata
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364:Autodesk
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2934:ADO.NET
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2894:CAPICOM
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2633:P2P API
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2388:XAudio2
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3915:(1968)
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3903:(1963)
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2421:Xinput
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