1998:
2078:
652:
2022:
2062:
2010:
2050:
2038:
1929:
1051:
1035:
1067:
188:
1824:
A dash followed by a number indicates a member of a salvo event. The United States also sometimes named the individual explosions in such a salvo test, which results in "name1 – 1(with name2)". If test is canceled or aborted, then the row data like date and location discloses the intended plans, where known.
1915:
Radioactive emission to the atmosphere aside from prompt neutrons, where known. The measured species is only iodine-131 if mentioned, otherwise it is all species. No entry means unknown, probably none if underground and "all" if not; otherwise notation for whether measured on the site only or off the
848:
contaminated all of the atoll, so much so that it could not be approached by JTF-7 for 24 hours after the test, and even then, exposure times were limited. As the fallout spread downwind to the east, more atolls were contaminated by radioactive calcium ash from the incinerated underwater coral banks.
1985:
configuration, the test produced only 110 kilotons of an expected 1.5 megaton yield. While engineers at the
Radiation Laboratory had hoped it would lead to a promising new field of weapons, it was eventually determined that the design allowed premature heating of the lithium fuel, thereby disrupting
1823:
The United States, France, and Great
Britain have code-named their test events, while the USSR and China did not, and therefore have only test numbers (with some exceptions – Soviet peaceful explosions were named). Word translations into English in parentheses unless the name is a proper noun.
742:
As a hedge, the development of liquid deuterium weapons continued in parallel. Even though they were much less practical because of the logistical problems dealing with the transport, handling, and storage of a cryogenic device, the Cold War arms race drove the demand for a viable fusion weapon. The
1833:
To convert the UT time into standard local, add the number of hours in parentheses to the UT time; for local daylight saving time, add one additional hour. If the result is earlier than 00:00, add 24 hours and subtract 1 from the day; if it is 24:00 or later, subtract 24 hours and add 1 to the day.
1847:
Rough place name and a latitude/longitude reference; for rocket-carried tests, the launch location is specified before the detonation location, if known. Some locations are extremely accurate; others (like airdrops and space blasts) may be quite inaccurate. "~" indicates a likely pro-forma rough
773:
Many fusion or thermonuclear weapons generate much, or even most, of their yields from fission. Although the U-238 isotope of uranium will not sustain a chain reaction, it still fissions when irradiated by the intense fast neutron flux of a fusion explosion. Because U-238 is plentiful and has no
1857:
Elevation is the ground level at the point directly below the explosion relative to sea level; height is the additional distance added or subtracted by tower, balloon, shaft, tunnel, air drop or other contrivance. For rocket bursts the ground level is "N/A". In some cases it is not clear if the
843:
greatly exceeded its expected yield, JTF-7 was caught unprepared. Much of the permanent infrastructure on Bikini Atoll was heavily damaged. The intense thermal flash ignited a fire at a distance of 20 nautical miles (37 km) on the island of Eneu (base island of Bikini Atoll). The ensuing
31:
817:
could "go big", estimating that the device could produce an explosive yield as much as 20% more than had been originally calculated. It was discovered, because of the unexpected larger yield, that the Li-7 in the device also undergoes breeding that produces tritium. In practice,
681:
was intended to test lithium deuteride (LiD) as a thermonuclear fusion fuel. A solid at room temperature, LiD, if it worked, would be far more practical than the cryogenic liquid deuterium fuel in the Ivy Mike device. The same Teller-Ulam principle would be used as in the
1875:. Sealed shaft and tunnel are underground, and remained useful under the PTBT. Intentional cratering tests are borderline; they occurred under the treaty, were sometimes protested, and generally overlooked if the test was declared to be a peaceful use.
769:
mass. This would have otherwise been too large to sustain an efficient reaction if it were triggered with conventional explosives. This experiment was intended to develop intermediate yield weapons for expanding the inventory (around 1-2 Mt vs. 4-8).
244:
weapon. All the devices tested, which ranged in weight from 6,520 to 39,600 pounds (2,960 to 17,960 kg), were built to be dropped from aircraft. However, ballistic casings, fins and fusing systems would have to be attached.
743:"Ramrod" and "Jughead" devices were liquid fuel designs greatly reduced in size and weight from their so-called "Sausage" predecessor. The "Jughead" device was eventually weaponized, and it saw limited fielding by the
374:
bomb concept, research began on using a "dry" fuel to make a practical fusion weapon so that the United States could begin production and deployment of thermonuclear weapons in quantity. The final result incorporated
873:, and though the short-term effects of the radiation exposure for most of the Marshallese were mild and/or hard to correlate, the long-term effects were pronounced. Additionally, 23 Japanese fishermen aboard
782:
around a fusion bomb, helping contain the fusion reaction and contributing its own fission energy. For example, the fast-fission of the U-238 tamper contributed 77% (8.0 megatons) to the yield of the 10.4 Mt
1893:
Designations for test items where known, "?" indicates some uncertainty about the preceding value, nicknames for particular devices in quotes. This category of information is often not officially disclosed.
1085:
progressed, the increased yields and fallout caused test locations to be reevaluated. While the majority of the tests were planned for barges near the sand spit of Iroij, some were moved to the craters of
308:
of the Castle weapons caused concern within the AEC that potential damage to the limited infrastructure already established at
Enewetak would delay other operations. Additionally, the cratering from the
262:, resulted in extensive radiological contamination. The fallout affected nearby islands, including inhabitants and U.S. soldiers stationed there, as well as a nearby Japanese fishing boat (the
2695:
2077:
728:
were fueled with natural lithium (92% Li-7, 7.5% Li-6). The use of natural lithium would be important to the ability of the US to rapidly expand its nuclear stockpile during the
2061:
1884:
Include weapons development, weapon effects, safety test, transport safety test, war, science, joint verification and industrial/peaceful, which may be further broken down.
3445:
268:), resulting in one direct fatality and continued health problems for many of those exposed. Public reaction to the tests and an awareness of the long-range effects of
2021:
690:
fused deuterium with deuterium, but the LiD devices would fuse deuterium with tritium. The tritium was produced during the explosion by irradiating the lithium with
2688:
2468:
3343:
323:(Mt) device tested at Enewetak in 1952 leaving a crater approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) in diameter marking the location of the obliterated test island
402:
was organized into seven experiments, all but one of which were to take place at Bikini Atoll. Below is the original test schedule (as of
February 1954).
2681:
809:
was 40% Li-6 and 60% Li-7. Only the Li-6 was expected to breed tritium for the deuterium-tritium fusion reaction; the Li-7 was expected to be inert. Yet
675:), which was hastily completed at Los Alamos and flown to Bikini. With this revision, both of the wet fuel devices were removed from the test schedule.
2327:
1117:
836:
remains, to this day, the largest detonation ever carried out anywhere by the United States and the fifth largest H-bomb detonation in the world.
3470:
3460:
293:
where the world's fourth and fifth atomic weapons were detonated in Bikini Lagoon. Since then, American nuclear weapons testing had moved to the
366:
temperatures made the device three stories tall and 82 tons in total weight, far too heavy and bulky to be a usable weapon. With the success of
1997:
531:
1862:. No number or units indicates the value is unknown, while "0" means zero. Sorting on this column is by elevation and height added together.
1651:
248:
Operation Castle was considered by government officials to be a success as it proved the feasibility of deployable "dry" fuel designs for
2704:
1748:
1564:
1298:
1203:
1480:
1386:
3393:
3450:
2009:
3348:
1970:
dry fuel devices eventually appeared in the inventory and ultimately grandfathered the majority of thermonuclear configurations.
3430:
1974:
233:
2586:
2555:
2524:
761:, the principal reaction material in the second stage was uranium and plutonium. Similar to the Teller-Ulam configuration, a
2049:
3387:
3312:
2037:
2427:
1269:
primary. Over twice as powerful as predicted, error in assessing Li-7. Lethal fallout, killed radioman on
Japanese vessel
3368:
237:
2954:
2840:
2388:
3435:
3440:
2447:
2335:(DOE/NV-209 REV15), Las Vegas, NV: Department of Energy, Nevada Operations Office, December 1, 2000, archived from
379:
as the fusion fuel in the Teller-Ulam design, vastly reducing size and weight and simplifying the overall design.
149:
3409:
1872:
252:. There were technical difficulties with some of the tests: one device had a yield much lower than predicted (a "
1871:
Atmospheric, airdrop, balloon, gun, cruise missile, rocket, surface, tower, and barge are all disallowed by the
3306:
3210:
2719:
671:
was similarly considered obsolete, and the
Jughead device was replaced with a "Runt II" device (similar to the
3109:
3102:
2940:
219:
128:
2336:
2235:
3154:
3011:
1539:
UCRL design, last one that Teller worked on, secondary delayed too long, and fizzled at 110 kt yield.
1273:(Fifth Lucky Dragon); 1 fatality, 93+ injured. Design used in Mk-21/36. Largest US atmospheric detonation.
2642:
3465:
2761:
869:
Atoll were also exposed. Follow-up studies of the contaminated individuals began soon after the blast as
890:
delayed the rest of the series. A revised test schedule was officially released on April 14, 1954. The
2673:
1144:
176:
1360:
Exceeded yield expectations, by almost a factor of 3. Proof test of the Mk-17, deployed as the EC-17.
297:
to take advantage of generally larger islands and deeper water. Both atolls were part of the
American
3149:
2995:
2577:
Elements of
Controversy: The Atomic Energy Commission and Radiation Safety in Nuclear Weapons Testing
1050:
779:
171:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2289:
256:"), while two other bombs detonated with over twice their predicted yields. One test in particular,
3353:
3032:
2500:
1966:, and was available to strategic forces as an Emergency Capability weapon by mid-1954. Most of the
1034:
383:
was charted to test four dry fuel designs, two wet bombs, and one smaller device. The approval for
376:
1066:
3358:
3279:
2286:
1160:
663:
test was canceled due to the liquid fuel design becoming obsolete with the success of dry-fueled
298:
273:
166:
3095:
2456:
2415:
758:
240:(DoD), the ultimate objective of the operation was to test designs for an aircraft-deliverable
3338:
2912:
2782:
253:
875:
264:
3088:
2989:
2896:
2861:
2796:
2775:
1963:
1959:
1947:
1795:
1698:
1611:
1345:
1250:
1165:
305:
289:
249:
206:
8:
3455:
3116:
3074:
3039:
2868:
2629:
880:
822:
exceeded expectations by 150%, yielding 15 Mt — about 1,000 times more powerful than the
691:
651:
2667:
39:, 15-megatons. The most powerful nuclear-weapons test ever fielded by the United States.
3263:
3200:
2982:
2933:
2889:
2854:
2833:
2803:
2726:
2575:
2487:
1950:
gravity bomb. The Mk-21 design project began on March 26, 1954 (just three weeks after
850:
388:
2544:
3363:
3060:
3046:
3025:
2975:
2961:
2947:
2875:
2847:
2810:
2789:
2754:
2747:
2609:
2592:
2582:
2561:
2551:
2530:
2520:
2513:
2460:
2419:
2103:
2098:
1106:
for expediency, since Bikini was still heavily contaminated from the previous tests.
732:
3242:
3175:
3159:
3123:
3081:
3067:
3053:
3018:
2968:
2661:
2648:
2635:
1906:. A ton of TNT equivalent is defined as 4.184 gigajoules (1 gigacalorie).
862:
225:
133:
765:
explosion was used to create high temperatures and pressures to compress a second
735:
since the so-called "Alloy
Development Plants" were in an early stage at the time
3374:
3318:
3284:
3258:
2926:
2826:
2740:
2733:
2392:
1170:
865:
were subjected to significant levels of radiation. 28 Americans stationed on the
845:
762:
269:
2271:
161:
3180:
3005:
2817:
2508:
2406:
1903:
1132:
938:
858:
810:
744:
457:
339:
320:
294:
112:
2655:
2596:
813:, the head of the Los Alamos Theoretical Design Division, had speculated that
3424:
3333:
3205:
2919:
2903:
2565:
2534:
2464:
2423:
1764:
1750:
1667:
1653:
1632:
1580:
1566:
1496:
1482:
1447:
but not executed, location and time are as planned. It was canceled when the
1402:
1388:
1314:
1300:
1219:
1205:
949:
775:
561:
501:
335:
241:
202:
2613:
3404:
3399:
3381:
3328:
3190:
2385:
1946:
design was quickly weaponized and is suspected to be the progenitor of the
1942:
was an unqualified success for the implementation of dry fuel devices. The
1932:
1545:
1279:
1184:
989:
925:
854:
801:
591:
471:
438:
284:
258:
214:
210:
1928:
1626:
Prototype EC-14, used expensive 95% enriched Li-6 fuel, RACER IV primary.
3323:
3226:
3185:
1982:
1835:
1461:
1010:
879:
were also exposed to high levels of radiation. They suffered symptoms of
870:
766:
621:
371:
359:
2703:
3195:
3000:
824:
1916:
site, where known, and the measured amount of radioactivity released.
1452:
1149:
1139:
829:
686:
so-called "Sausage" device, but the fusion reactions were different.
363:
347:
152:
2881:
1266:
1103:
866:
729:
355:
334:
test was the world's first "hydrogen bomb", producing a full-scale
324:
315:
778:, it can be added in (in theory) almost unlimited quantities as a
739:
was carried out. The first plant started production in late 1953.
2231:
351:
1519:
2 m (6 ft 7 in) + 1 m (3 ft 3 in)
1242:
2 m (6 ft 7 in) + 2 m (6 ft 7 in)
187:
30:
2329:
United States
Nuclear Tests: July 1945 through September 1992
898:
tests were complete by the time this revision was published.
753:
was not a fusion weapon in the same sense as the rest of the
716:
used lithium enriched to 40% Li-6, while the lithium used in
1981:
was a failure. Using natural lithium and a heavily modified
1935:
in the summer 1954 after the completion of Operation Castle.
849:
Although the atolls were evacuated soon after the test, 239
272:
has been attributed as being part of the motivation for the
2371:
Yang, Xiaoping; North, Robert; Romney, Carl (August 2000),
2212:
2200:
2176:
2152:
1958:, relying on natural lithium, was rapidly turned into the
1954:), with production of 275 weapons beginning in late 1955.
642:
University of California Radiation Laboratory (Livermore)
552:
University of California Radiation Laboratory (Livermore)
2164:
1735:
1638:
1551:
1467:
1374:
1285:
1190:
287:
had previously hosted nuclear testing in 1946 as part of
2071:, 16th April. Unknown device; possibly Runt II (Yankee).
2128:
2116:
1858:
height is absolute or relative to ground, for example,
391:, the General Manager of the AEC, on January 21, 1954.
1713:
Proof test of TX/EC-24 with a RACER IV primary. After
2405:
Martin, Edwin J; Rowland, Richard H (April 1, 1982).
2031:. The device may be Runt (Romeo) or Runt II (Yankee).
3344:
Unethical human experimentation in the United States
2705:
Nuclear weapons tests conducted by the United States
2188:
2140:
1848:
location, shared with other tests in that same area.
1721:device that was to be tested was discarded for the
1123:United States' Castle series tests and detonations
362:mechanisms needed to store the liquid deuterium at
147:
Map all coordinates in "Operation Castle" using
3446:1954 in the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands
2660:is available for free viewing and download at the
2647:is available for free viewing and download at the
2634:is available for free viewing and download at the
2574:
2543:
2512:
2306:, Vol 8: Arming and Fuzing History and Appendices.
1801:
1704:
1617:
1530:
1351:
1256:
1118:List of nuclear weapons tests of the United States
886:The heavy contamination and extensive damage from
2441:– via Defense Technical Information Center.
2015:Shrimp (Bravo) device being unloaded from a truck
313:weapons was expected to be comparable to that of
3422:
2644:Military Effects Studies Operation Castle (1954)
2581:. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
2370:
883:, and one crew member died in September 1954.
2689:
2404:
2218:
2206:
2182:
2158:
1098:was moved from Bikini Atoll to the crater of
757:series. Even though it used lithium fuel for
2519:. New York, New York: Simon & Schuster.
2087:. Unknown device; possibly Runt II (Yankee).
1834:Historical time zone data obtained from the
1451:test was so unexpectedly successful, making
747:until the "dry" fuel H-bombs became common.
2657:Nuclear Test Film - Operation Castle (1954)
2541:
2373:CMR Nuclear Explosion Database (Revision 3)
2170:
2055:Unknown device, may be Alarm Clock (Union).
708:used lithium enriched in the Li-6 isotope (
2696:
2682:
2043:Unknown device, may be Morgenstern (Koon).
29:
3394:Trinity and Beyond: The Atomic Bomb Movie
2631:Operation Castle Commanders Report (1954)
2265:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2253:
232:Conducted as a joint venture between the
1927:
650:
186:
3349:International Day against Nuclear Tests
2608:. San Jose, CA: Chukelea Publications.
2366:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2312:
1725:dry device, hence the "2" designation.
902:Operation Castle schedule (Post Bravo)
3471:Military projects of the United States
3461:Enewetak Atoll nuclear explosive tests
3423:
2603:
2572:
2507:
2303:
2250:
2194:
2146:
2122:
2083:Barge transport for testing device of
1648:Yurochi aka Irioj (Dog), Bikini Atoll
1561:Yurochi aka Irioj (Dog), Bikini Atoll
1295:Yurochi aka Irioj (Dog), Bikini Atoll
655:AEC Authorization for Operation Castle
358:, making it a "wet" bomb. The complex
2677:
2003:Shrimp (Bravo) device in its shot cab
387:was issued to JTF-7 by Major General
217:beginning in March 1954. It followed
76:Yurochi aka Irioj (Dog), Bikini Atoll
3388:Reactor-grade plutonium nuclear test
3313:Fallout: An American Nuclear Tragedy
2550:. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
2474:from the original on August 22, 2021
2353:
2309:
2269:
2067:B-36 delivery of testing device for
3369:Radiation Exposure Compensation Act
2238:from the original on March 11, 2014
13:
2446:United States (December 1, 1982).
513:Cryo D-2 (wet) / 40% Li-6 D (dry)
14:
3482:
2622:
2433:from the original on May 12, 2023
1745:Elugelab (Flora), Enewetak Atoll
1455:thermonuclear concepts obsolete.
790:
720:was enriched to 95% Li-6), while
612:Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory
582:Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory
522:Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory
492:Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory
462:Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory
213:by Joint Task Force 7 (JTF-7) at
2076:
2060:
2048:
2036:
2020:
2008:
1996:
1986:the delicate fusion conditions.
1717:s success, the wet/dry TX/EC-16
1065:
1049:
1033:
67:Elugelab (Flora), Enewetak Atoll
16:Series of 1950s US nuclear tests
3451:Nuclear testing at Bikini Atoll
3410:Nuclear testing at Bikini Atoll
2379:
2232:"Time Zone Historical Database"
2224:
1909:
1896:
1887:
1878:
1873:Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
1865:
1851:
1841:
1827:
1817:
1383:Ebiriru (Ruby), Enewetak Atoll
585:Barge in MIKE crater, Enewetak
3307:National Atomic Testing Museum
3211:Nevada Test and Training Range
633:7.6% Li-6 deuteride (natural)
603:7.5% Li-6 deuteride (natural)
394:
64:Ebiriru (Ruby), Enewetak Atoll
1:
3431:1950s in the Marshall Islands
2670:at The Nuclear Weapon Archive
2386:Development of the Mk 17 bomb
2109:
1477:Eninmen (Tare), Bikini Atoll
1200:Namu (Charlie), Bikini Atoll
279:
2542:O'Keefe, Bernard J. (1983).
1904:tons, kilotons, and megatons
1787:0 + 4.3 m (14 ft)
1690:0 + 4.3 m (14 ft)
1337:0 + 4.3 m (14 ft)
1113:took place on May 14, 1954.
73:Namu (Charlie), Bikini Atoll
70:Eninmen (Tare), Bikini Atoll
7:
2092:
177:GPX (secondary coordinates)
10:
3487:
2445:
2375:, SMDC Monitoring Research
2134:
1989:
1962:, the first deployable US
1923:
1902:Estimated energy yield in
1614:w/ RACER IV "Alarm Clock"
1603:0 + 4 m (13 ft)
1115:
795:The most notable event of
406:Operation Castle Schedule
3297:
3272:
3251:
3235:
3219:
3168:
3142:
3133:
2711:
2573:Hacker, Barton C (1994).
2391:February 2, 2007, at the
2219:Martin & Rowland 1982
2207:Martin & Rowland 1982
2183:Martin & Rowland 1982
2159:Martin & Rowland 1982
2027:Unknown device tested in
1425:3 m (9.8 ft) +
220:Operation Upshot–Knothole
172:GPX (primary coordinates)
129:Operation Upshot–Knothole
124:
119:
107:
99:
91:
83:
57:
49:
44:
28:
23:
3436:1954 in military history
3354:Nevada Desert Experience
2606:The Swords of Armageddon
615:Barge off Iroij, Bikini
525:Barge off Iroij, Bikini
495:Barge off Iroij, Bikini
465:Reef off Nam Is, Bikini
234:Atomic Energy Commission
155:Download coordinates as:
3441:1954 in the environment
3359:Nuclear weapons testing
3280:Pacific Proving Grounds
2273:Nuclear Weapons Archive
1836:IANA time zone database
805:test. The dry fuel for
299:Pacific Proving Grounds
274:Partial Test Ban Treaty
3160:Carson National Forest
2604:Hansen, Chuck (1995).
2457:Defense Nuclear Agency
2416:Defense Nuclear Agency
1936:
656:
195:
194:SHRIMP device shot cab
120:Test series chronology
3339:Desert Rock exercises
1931:
1433:Cryo design "ramrod"
654:
250:thermonuclear weapons
238:Department of Defense
190:
167:GPX (all coordinates)
1964:thermonuclear weapon
1792:weapons development
1765:11.6705°N 162.1964°E
1695:weapons development
1668:11.6656°N 165.3869°E
1608:weapons development
1581:11.6664°N 165.3872°E
1524:weapons development
1497:11.5038°N 165.3685°E
1430:weapons development
1403:11.6199°N 162.2940°E
1342:weapons development
1315:11.6943°N 165.2652°E
1247:weapons development
1220:11.6972°N 165.2749°E
510:TX/EC-16 / TX/EC-24
290:Operation Crossroads
2449:Operation Ivy: 1952
2408:Castle Series, 1954
2395:, Atomic Museum.com
2342:on October 12, 2006
1760: /
1701:RACER IV "Runt II"
1663: /
1576: /
1492: /
1398: /
1310: /
1215: /
1124:
903:
881:radiation poisoning
407:
346:device used liquid
3466:Explosions in 1954
3206:Sand Springs Range
2495:Unknown parameter
2125:, pp. IV-183.
1937:
1271:Daigo Fukuryu Maru
1122:
1109:The final test in
901:
876:Daigo Fukuryū Maru
657:
555:Eberiru, Enewetak
507:Jughead / Runt-II
405:
389:Kenneth D. Nichols
265:Daigo Fukuryū Maru
196:
103:barge, dry surface
3418:
3417:
3364:Project Plowshare
3293:
3292:
2588:978-0-520-08323-3
2557:978-0-395-34072-1
2526:978-0-684-80400-2
2455:. Washington DC:
2414:. Washington DC:
2270:Sublette, Carey,
2104:Operation Redwing
2099:Katsuko Saruhashi
1973:In contrast, the
1813:
1812:
1770:11.6705; 162.1964
1741:MHT (11 hrs)
1673:11.6656; 165.3869
1644:MHT (11 hrs)
1586:11.6664; 165.3872
1557:MHT (11 hrs)
1502:11.5038; 165.3685
1473:MHT (11 hrs)
1408:11.6199; 162.2940
1379:MHT (11 hrs)
1320:11.6943; 165.2652
1291:MHT (11 hrs)
1225:11.6972; 165.2749
1196:MHT (11 hrs)
1191:February 28, 1954
1029:
1028:
863:Ailinginae Atolls
733:nuclear arms race
649:
648:
483:95% Li-6 D (dry)
450:40% Li-6 D (dry)
377:lithium deuteride
142:
141:
113:megatonnes of TNT
3478:
3176:Nevada Test Site
3140:
3139:
2698:
2691:
2684:
2675:
2674:
2668:Operation Castle
2662:Internet Archive
2649:Internet Archive
2636:Internet Archive
2617:
2600:
2580:
2569:
2549:
2546:Nuclear Hostages
2538:
2518:
2504:
2498:
2493:
2491:
2483:
2481:
2479:
2473:
2454:
2442:
2440:
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2432:
2413:
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2383:
2377:
2376:
2368:
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2350:
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2204:
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2186:
2180:
2174:
2168:
2162:
2156:
2150:
2144:
2138:
2132:
2126:
2120:
2080:
2064:
2052:
2040:
2024:
2012:
2000:
1940:Operation Castle
1917:
1913:
1907:
1900:
1894:
1891:
1885:
1882:
1876:
1869:
1863:
1855:
1849:
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1803:
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1577:
1574:
1573:
1572:
1569:
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1532:
1516:
1515:
1513:
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1511:
1509:
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1503:
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1469:
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1410:
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1376:
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1192:
1125:
1121:
1111:Operation Castle
1083:Operation Castle
1069:
1053:
1037:
904:
900:
797:Operation Castle
759:fission boosting
679:Operation Castle
667:as noted above.
426:Predicted yield
408:
404:
400:Operation Castle
385:Operation Castle
381:Operation Castle
370:as proof of the
226:Operation Teapot
199:Operation Castle
134:Operation Teapot
33:
24:Operation Castle
21:
20:
3486:
3485:
3481:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3476:
3475:
3421:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3375:The Atomic Cafe
3319:Alvin C. Graves
3299:
3289:
3268:
3247:
3231:
3215:
3164:
3135:
3129:
3110:Upshot–Knothole
3103:Tumbler–Snapper
2707:
2702:
2654:The short film
2641:The short film
2628:The short film
2625:
2620:
2589:
2558:
2527:
2509:Rhodes, Richard
2496:
2494:
2485:
2484:
2477:
2475:
2471:
2452:
2436:
2434:
2430:
2411:
2400:
2399:
2393:Wayback Machine
2384:
2380:
2369:
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2343:
2339:
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2205:
2201:
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2177:
2169:
2165:
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2153:
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2117:
2112:
2095:
2088:
2081:
2072:
2065:
2056:
2053:
2044:
2041:
2032:
2025:
2016:
2013:
2004:
2001:
1992:
1926:
1921:
1920:
1914:
1910:
1901:
1897:
1892:
1888:
1883:
1879:
1870:
1866:
1856:
1852:
1846:
1842:
1832:
1828:
1822:
1818:
1798:COBRA "Zombie"
1791:
1775:
1773:
1769:
1767:
1763:
1762:
1759:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1742:
1694:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1670:
1666:
1665:
1662:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1649:
1645:
1607:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1578:
1575:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1523:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1491:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1429:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1400:
1397:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1368:
1341:
1325:
1323:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1296:
1292:
1246:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1217:
1214:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1156:
1120:
1094:. In addition,
1077:
1070:
1061:
1060:, 13.6-megatons
1054:
1045:
1044:, 6.9-megatons.
1038:
1016:April 22, 1954
998:March 27, 1954
995:April 15, 1954
958:April 27, 1954
955:March 22, 1954
934:April 22, 1954
931:March 11, 1954
916:Original yield
828:weapon used on
793:
763:nuclear fission
645:Eneman, Bikini
636:April 22, 1954
606:April 15, 1954
549:65–275 kt
546:March 29, 1954
543:Cryo D-2 (wet)
516:March 22, 1954
486:March 11, 1954
397:
342:explosion. The
321:megatons of TNT
282:
270:nuclear fallout
185:
184:
183:
182:
181:
138:
137:
131:
108:Max. yield
92:Number of tests
79:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3484:
3474:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3416:
3415:
3413:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3390:
3385:
3378:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3309:
3303:
3301:
3295:
3294:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3285:South Atlantic
3282:
3276:
3274:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3266:
3261:
3255:
3253:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3239:
3237:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3229:
3223:
3221:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3201:Central Nevada
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3181:Frenchman Flat
3178:
3172:
3170:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3146:
3144:
3137:
3131:
3130:
3128:
3127:
3120:
3113:
3106:
3099:
3092:
3085:
3078:
3071:
3064:
3057:
3050:
3043:
3036:
3033:Roller Coaster
3029:
3022:
3015:
3008:
3006:Project 58/58A
3003:
2998:
2993:
2986:
2979:
2972:
2965:
2958:
2951:
2944:
2937:
2930:
2923:
2916:
2909:
2908:
2907:
2893:
2886:
2885:
2884:
2872:
2865:
2858:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2830:
2823:
2822:
2821:
2818:Starfish Prime
2807:
2800:
2793:
2786:
2779:
2772:
2765:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2737:
2730:
2723:
2715:
2713:
2709:
2708:
2701:
2700:
2693:
2686:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2665:
2652:
2639:
2624:
2623:External links
2621:
2619:
2618:
2601:
2587:
2570:
2556:
2539:
2525:
2505:
2443:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2378:
2352:
2308:
2285:
2249:
2223:
2221:, p. 248.
2211:
2209:, p. 268.
2199:
2197:, p. 140.
2187:
2185:, p. 209.
2175:
2173:, p. 179.
2163:
2161:, p. 247.
2151:
2149:, p. 495.
2139:
2137:, p. 192.
2127:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2089:
2082:
2075:
2073:
2066:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2035:
2033:
2026:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2007:
2005:
2002:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1918:
1908:
1895:
1886:
1877:
1864:
1850:
1840:
1826:
1815:
1814:
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1739:
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1726:
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1628:
1627:
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1622:
1620:
1615:
1609:
1604:
1601:
1559:
1555:
1552:April 25, 1954
1549:
1541:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1528:
1527:"Morgenstern"
1525:
1520:
1517:
1475:
1471:
1465:
1457:
1456:
1443:Scheduled for
1441:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1426:
1423:
1381:
1377:
1375:March 29, 1954
1372:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1349:
1343:
1338:
1335:
1293:
1289:
1286:March 26, 1954
1283:
1275:
1274:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1254:
1248:
1243:
1240:
1198:
1194:
1188:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1147:
1142:
1136:
1129:
1079:
1078:
1076:, 11-megatons.
1071:
1064:
1062:
1055:
1048:
1046:
1039:
1032:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1019:April 7, 1954
1017:
1014:
1006:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
985:
984:
983:1.0 to 3.0 Mt
981:
978:
975:
974:April 5, 1954
972:
966:
965:
962:
959:
956:
953:
945:
944:
941:
935:
932:
929:
921:
920:
919:Revised yield
917:
914:
911:
910:Original date
908:
811:J. Carson Mark
792:
791:Test execution
789:
745:U.S. Air Force
647:
646:
643:
640:
637:
634:
631:
628:
625:
617:
616:
613:
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
587:
586:
583:
580:
577:
576:April 5, 1954
574:
571:
568:
565:
557:
556:
553:
550:
547:
544:
541:
538:
535:
527:
526:
523:
520:
517:
514:
511:
508:
505:
497:
496:
493:
490:
489:3.0 to 4.0 Mt
487:
484:
481:
478:
475:
467:
466:
463:
460:
454:
453:March 1, 1954
451:
448:
445:
442:
434:
433:
432:Test location
430:
427:
424:
421:
418:
415:
412:
396:
393:
304:The extremely
295:Enewetak Atoll
281:
278:
236:(AEC) and the
209:(high-energy)
180:
179:
174:
169:
164:
158:
145:
144:
143:
140:
139:
132:
126:
125:
122:
121:
117:
116:
109:
105:
104:
101:
97:
96:
93:
89:
88:
85:
81:
80:
78:
77:
74:
71:
68:
65:
61:
59:
55:
54:
51:
47:
46:
42:
41:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3483:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3395:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3383:
3379:
3377:
3376:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3334:Corbin Harney
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3314:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3296:
3286:
3283:
3281:
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3277:
3275:
3271:
3265:
3262:
3260:
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3250:
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3228:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3218:
3212:
3209:
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3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3173:
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3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3141:
3138:
3132:
3125:
3121:
3118:
3114:
3111:
3107:
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3100:
3097:
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3083:
3079:
3076:
3072:
3069:
3065:
3062:
3058:
3055:
3051:
3048:
3044:
3041:
3037:
3034:
3030:
3027:
3023:
3020:
3016:
3013:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2991:
2987:
2984:
2980:
2977:
2973:
2970:
2966:
2963:
2959:
2956:
2952:
2949:
2945:
2942:
2941:Little Feller
2938:
2935:
2931:
2928:
2924:
2921:
2917:
2914:
2910:
2905:
2904:Hardtack Teak
2901:
2900:
2898:
2894:
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2887:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2873:
2870:
2866:
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2859:
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2849:
2845:
2842:
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2835:
2831:
2828:
2824:
2819:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2808:
2805:
2801:
2798:
2794:
2791:
2787:
2784:
2780:
2777:
2773:
2770:
2766:
2763:
2762:Buster–Jangle
2759:
2756:
2752:
2749:
2745:
2742:
2738:
2735:
2731:
2728:
2724:
2721:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2699:
2694:
2692:
2687:
2685:
2680:
2679:
2676:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2659:
2658:
2653:
2650:
2646:
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2640:
2637:
2633:
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2627:
2626:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2584:
2579:
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2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2553:
2548:
2547:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2522:
2517:
2516:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2497:|agency=
2489:
2470:
2467:. DNA 6036F.
2466:
2462:
2458:
2451:
2450:
2444:
2429:
2426:. DNA 6035F.
2425:
2421:
2417:
2410:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2394:
2390:
2387:
2382:
2374:
2367:
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2233:
2227:
2220:
2215:
2208:
2203:
2196:
2191:
2184:
2179:
2172:
2167:
2160:
2155:
2148:
2143:
2136:
2135:Operation Ivy
2131:
2124:
2119:
2115:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2086:
2079:
2074:
2070:
2063:
2058:
2051:
2046:
2039:
2034:
2030:
2023:
2018:
2011:
2006:
1999:
1994:
1993:
1987:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1934:
1930:
1912:
1905:
1899:
1890:
1881:
1874:
1868:
1861:
1860:Plumbbob/John
1854:
1844:
1837:
1830:
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1816:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1800:
1797:
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1538:
1536:
1534:
1529:
1526:
1521:
1518:
1514:
1476:
1472:
1468:April 6, 1954
1466:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1427:
1424:
1420:
1382:
1378:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1294:
1290:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1244:
1241:
1237:
1199:
1195:
1189:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1134:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1119:
1114:
1112:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1096:Castle Nectar
1093:
1089:
1084:
1075:
1068:
1063:
1059:
1052:
1047:
1043:
1036:
1031:
1030:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
992:
991:
987:
986:
982:
979:
976:
973:
971:
968:
967:
963:
960:
957:
954:
952:
951:
947:
946:
943:5-10 Mt
942:
940:
936:
933:
930:
928:
927:
923:
922:
918:
915:
913:Revised date
912:
909:
906:
905:
899:
897:
893:
889:
884:
882:
878:
877:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
847:
842:
837:
835:
831:
827:
826:
821:
816:
812:
808:
804:
803:
798:
788:
786:
781:
777:
776:critical mass
771:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
746:
740:
738:
734:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
693:
692:fast neutrons
689:
685:
680:
676:
674:
670:
666:
662:
653:
644:
641:
638:
635:
632:
629:
626:
624:
623:
619:
618:
614:
611:
608:
605:
602:
599:
596:
594:
593:
589:
588:
584:
581:
578:
575:
572:
569:
566:
564:
563:
559:
558:
554:
551:
548:
545:
542:
539:
536:
534:
533:
529:
528:
524:
521:
518:
515:
512:
509:
506:
504:
503:
499:
498:
494:
491:
488:
485:
482:
479:
476:
474:
473:
469:
468:
464:
461:
459:
455:
452:
449:
446:
443:
441:
440:
436:
435:
431:
429:Manufacturer
428:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
410:
409:
403:
401:
392:
390:
386:
382:
378:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
336:thermonuclear
333:
328:
326:
322:
318:
317:
312:
307:
302:
300:
296:
292:
291:
286:
277:
275:
271:
267:
266:
261:
260:
255:
251:
246:
243:
242:thermonuclear
239:
235:
230:
228:
227:
223:and preceded
222:
221:
216:
212:
211:nuclear tests
208:
204:
203:United States
200:
193:
189:
178:
175:
173:
170:
168:
165:
163:
160:
159:
157:
156:
151:
150:OpenStreetMap
148:
136: →
135:
130:
127:←
123:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
75:
72:
69:
66:
63:
62:
60:
56:
53:United States
52:
48:
43:
38:
32:
27:
22:
19:
3405:Louis Vitale
3400:Vela Uniform
3392:
3382:Radio Bikini
3380:
3373:
3329:Chuck Hansen
3311:
3191:Rainier Mesa
2768:
2656:
2643:
2630:
2605:
2576:
2545:
2514:
2476:. Retrieved
2448:
2435:. Retrieved
2407:
2381:
2372:
2346:December 18,
2344:, retrieved
2337:the original
2328:
2277:, retrieved
2272:
2240:. Retrieved
2234:. iana.com.
2226:
2214:
2202:
2190:
2178:
2171:O'Keefe 1983
2166:
2154:
2142:
2130:
2118:
2084:
2068:
2028:
1978:
1972:
1967:
1955:
1951:
1943:
1939:
1938:
1933:Bikini Atoll
1911:
1898:
1889:
1880:
1867:
1859:
1853:
1843:
1829:
1819:
1736:May 13, 1954
1730:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1705:13.5 Mt
1631:
1544:
1522:dry surface,
1460:
1448:
1444:
1369:
1365:
1278:
1270:
1245:dry surface,
1183:
1110:
1108:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1082:
1080:
1073:
1057:
1041:
1009:
988:
969:
948:
924:
895:
892:Castle Romeo
891:
887:
885:
874:
841:Castle Bravo
840:
838:
834:Castle Bravo
833:
823:
819:
814:
806:
802:Castle Bravo
800:
796:
794:
784:
772:
754:
750:
749:
741:
736:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
696:
687:
683:
678:
677:
673:Union device
672:
668:
664:
660:
658:
627:Morgenstern
620:
590:
560:
530:
500:
477:Alarm Clock
470:
437:
399:
398:
384:
380:
367:
343:
331:
329:
314:
310:
303:
288:
285:Bikini Atoll
283:
263:
259:Castle Bravo
257:
247:
231:
224:
218:
215:Bikini Atoll
198:
197:
191:
154:
153:
146:
115:(63 PJ)
36:
18:
3324:Reed Hadley
3227:Salmon Site
3220:Mississippi
3186:Pahute Mesa
3012:Quicksilver
2913:Hardtack II
2783:Cornerstone
2304:Hansen 1995
2195:Hacker 1994
2147:Rhodes 1995
2123:Hansen 1995
1983:Teller-Ulam
1802:1.7 Mt
1768: /
1755:162°11′47″E
1738:18:20:00.1
1671: /
1658:165°23′13″E
1641:18:10:00.1
1639:May 4, 1954
1618:6.9 Mt
1584: /
1571:165°23′14″E
1554:18:10:00.6
1531:110 kt
1500: /
1487:165°22′07″E
1470:18:20:00.4
1406: /
1393:162°17′38″E
1318: /
1305:165°15′55″E
1288:18:30:00.4
1223: /
1210:165°16′30″E
1193:18:45:00.0
1175:References
1131:Date time (
907:Experiment
871:Project 4.1
851:Marshallese
787:explosion.
767:fissionable
702:Yankee (II)
411:Experiment
395:Experiments
372:Teller-Ulam
306:high yields
45:Information
3456:Code names
3425:Categories
3196:Yucca Flat
3150:Alamogordo
3143:New Mexico
3089:Touchstone
3001:Project 57
2996:Project 56
2990:Praetorian
2897:Hardtack I
2862:Greenhouse
2797:Crossroads
2776:Charioteer
2712:Operations
2597:0520083237
2279:January 6,
2110:References
1977:-designed
1960:Mk-17 bomb
1774: (
1752:11°40′14″N
1677: (
1655:11°39′56″N
1590: (
1568:11°39′59″N
1506: (
1484:11°30′14″N
1412: (
1390:11°37′12″N
1370:(canceled)
1352:11 Mt
1324: (
1302:11°41′39″N
1257:15 Mt
1229: (
1207:11°41′50″N
1152:+ height
1116:See also:
825:Little Boy
600:TX/EC-17A
417:Prototype
280:Background
207:high-yield
205:series of
3259:Parachute
3117:Whetstone
3075:Tinderbox
3040:Sandstone
2955:Musketeer
2869:Grenadier
2841:Flintlock
2566:252294442
2535:263548827
2499:ignored (
2488:cite book
2465:784652689
2424:831905820
1975:Livermore
1453:cryogenic
1346:TX/EC-17A
1253:"Shrimp"
1157:purpose
1155:Delivery,
1150:Elevation
1140:time zone
977:April 20
830:Hiroshima
364:cryogenic
348:deuterium
319:, a 10.4
276:of 1963.
100:Test type
58:Test site
3252:Colorado
3243:Amchitka
3155:Carlsbad
2983:Plumbbob
2934:Latchkey
2890:Guardian
2882:Cannikin
2855:Fusileer
2834:Fishbowl
2804:Crosstie
2727:Aqueduct
2614:62490342
2515:Dark Sun
2511:(1995).
2469:Archived
2428:Archived
2389:Archived
2242:March 8,
2236:Archived
2093:See also
1699:TX/EC-24
1679:Yankee 2
1633:Yankee 2
1267:RACER IV
1145:Location
1104:Eniwetok
1100:Ivy Mike
867:Rongerik
859:Rongelap
839:Because
799:was the
785:Ivy Mike
730:Cold War
688:Ivy Mike
684:Ivy Mike
368:Ivy Mike
356:hydrogen
344:Ivy Mike
332:Ivy Mike
325:Elugelab
316:Ivy Mike
3298:Related
3096:Trinity
3061:Sunbeam
3047:Sculpin
3026:Redwing
2976:Phalanx
2962:Niblick
2948:Mandrel
2876:Grommet
2848:Fulcrum
2811:Dominic
2790:Cresset
2755:Bowline
2748:Bedrock
2478:May 12,
2437:May 12,
1990:Gallery
1924:Results
1719:Jughead
1348:"Runt"
1265:Used a
1171:Fallout
1072:Castle-
1056:Castle-
1040:Castle-
1025:1.5 Mt
1022:1.0 Mt
1004:8.0 Mt
1001:4.0 Mt
980:1.8 Mt
964:9.5 Mt
961:8.0 Mt
853:on the
846:fallout
639:1.0 Mt
609:4.0 Mt
579:1.8 Mt
567:Zombie
537:Ramrod
519:8.0 Mt
444:Shrimp
414:Device
352:isotope
50:Country
35:Castle-
3300:topics
3236:Alaska
3169:Nevada
3124:Wigwam
3082:Toggle
3068:Teapot
3054:Storax
3019:Ranger
2969:Nougat
2769:Castle
2612:
2595:
2585:
2564:
2554:
2533:
2523:
2463:
2422:
2085:Castle
2069:Castle
2029:Castle
1968:Castle
1790:barge,
1776:Nectar
1731:Nectar
1715:Bravo'
1693:barge,
1606:barge,
1445:Castle
1428:barge,
1340:barge,
1178:Notes
1161:Device
1138:Local
1128:Name
1058:Yankee
970:Nectar
950:Yankee
861:, and
855:Utirik
780:tamper
755:Castle
751:Nectar
737:Castle
714:Yankee
704:, and
669:Yankee
630:TX-22
570:TX-15
562:Nectar
540:TX-22
502:Yankee
480:EC-14
447:TX-21
340:fusion
311:Castle
254:fizzle
201:was a
84:Period
3273:Other
3264:Rifle
3136:areas
2927:Julin
2827:Emery
2741:Argus
2734:Arbor
2720:Anvil
2472:(PDF)
2453:(PDF)
2431:(PDF)
2412:(PDF)
2340:(PDF)
2333:(PDF)
1956:Romeo
1952:Bravo
1948:Mk-21
1944:Bravo
1796:TX-15
1723:Runt2
1612:TX-14
1592:Union
1546:Union
1449:Bravo
1326:Romeo
1280:Romeo
1251:TX-21
1231:Bravo
1185:Bravo
1166:Yield
1092:Union
1088:Bravo
1074:Romeo
1042:Union
990:Romeo
926:Union
888:Bravo
820:Bravo
815:Bravo
807:Bravo
722:Romeo
718:Union
710:Bravo
706:Union
698:Bravo
665:Bravo
597:Runt
592:Romeo
472:Union
439:Bravo
423:Date
420:Fuel
360:dewar
350:, an
192:Bravo
37:Bravo
3134:Test
2610:OCLC
2593:OCLC
2583:ISBN
2562:OCLC
2552:ISBN
2531:OCLC
2521:ISBN
2501:help
2480:2023
2461:OCLC
2439:2023
2420:OCLC
2348:2013
2281:2014
2244:2014
1979:Koon
1508:Koon
1462:Koon
1436:N/A
1414:Echo
1366:Echo
1090:and
1011:Koon
937:3-4
896:Koon
894:and
726:Koon
724:and
712:and
661:Echo
659:The
622:Koon
573:Dry
532:Echo
456:6.0
330:The
87:1954
2920:Ivy
1102:at
1081:As
354:of
338:or
162:KML
111:15
3427::
2899:"
2878:"
2813:"
2591:.
2560:.
2529:.
2492::
2490:}}
2486:{{
2459:.
2418:.
2355:^
2311:^
2288:^
2252:^
1135:)
1133:UT
939:Mt
857:,
832:.
700:,
694:.
458:Mt
327:.
301:.
229:.
3126:"
3122:"
3119:"
3115:"
3112:"
3108:"
3105:"
3101:"
3098:"
3094:"
3091:"
3087:"
3084:"
3080:"
3077:"
3073:"
3070:"
3066:"
3063:"
3059:"
3056:"
3052:"
3049:"
3045:"
3042:"
3038:"
3035:"
3031:"
3028:"
3024:"
3021:"
3017:"
3014:"
3010:"
2992:"
2988:"
2985:"
2981:"
2978:"
2974:"
2971:"
2967:"
2964:"
2960:"
2957:"
2953:"
2950:"
2946:"
2943:"
2939:"
2936:"
2932:"
2929:"
2925:"
2922:"
2918:"
2915:"
2911:"
2906:"
2902:"
2895:"
2892:"
2888:"
2874:"
2871:"
2867:"
2864:"
2860:"
2857:"
2853:"
2850:"
2846:"
2843:"
2839:"
2836:"
2832:"
2829:"
2825:"
2820:"
2816:"
2809:"
2806:"
2802:"
2799:"
2795:"
2792:"
2788:"
2785:"
2781:"
2778:"
2774:"
2771:"
2767:"
2764:"
2760:"
2757:"
2753:"
2750:"
2746:"
2743:"
2739:"
2736:"
2732:"
2729:"
2725:"
2722:"
2718:"
2697:e
2690:t
2683:v
2664:.
2651:.
2638:.
2616:.
2599:.
2568:.
2537:.
2503:)
2482:.
2246:.
1838:.
1778:)
1681:)
1594:)
1510:)
1416:)
1328:)
1233:)
95:6
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
