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In the
Bolshevik government, Lenin consolidated his power; however, fearing the possibility of a renewed German threat along the Baltic, he moved the capital from Petrograd to Moscow on 12 March. Debates became far more restrained, and he was never again so strongly challenged as he was regarding the
1846:
With the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, Soviet Russia had given up
Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Belarus and Ukraine, enabling those territories to develop independently from Russian influence. Germany's intention was to turn these territories into political and territorial satellites, but this plan
1823:
The
Bolshevik capitulation on 3 March 1918 only ended the advance along a line from Narva to Northern Ukraine, as with the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk the Soviet government gave up all rights to the southwestern region of the former Russian Empire. During the next few months, the southern Central Powers
1659:
on 9 February, and announced an end to the ceasefire with Soviet Russia in two-days time on 17 February, leading to the resumption of hostilities. The German and Austro-Hungarian authorities were happy to accept the invitation of the desperate
Central Rada to occupy Ukraine, and secure food supplies
1780:
After a stormy session of Lenin's ruling council, during which the revolution's leader went so far as to threaten resignation, he obtained a 116 to 85 vote in favour of the new German terms. The vote in the
Central Committee was even closer, seven in favour and six against. In the end, Trotsky
1614:
recognised the
Ukrainian delegation at the talks in Brest as a separate and plenipotentiary to conduct negotiations on the behalf of Ukrainian People's Republic. On 22 January 1918, an overwhelming majority of the Central Rada voted in favour of Ukrainian independence, which was subsequently
1750:
It is the most comical war I have ever known. We put a handful of infantrymen with machine guns and one gun onto a train and rush them off to the next station; they take it, make prisoners of the
Bolsheviks, pick up few more troops, and so on. This proceeding has, at any rate, the charm of
1567:
on 3 December 1917, and on the 17th a ceasefire went into effect. Peace talks soon followed, starting on 22 December. As negotiations began, the
Central Powers presented demands for the territory that they had occupied during the 1914–1916 period, including
1175:
1465:
made efforts to humanise and democratise its command structure from its notoriously corrupt
Tsarist hierarchy, to one that based the authority of officers on the support of their troops, and would no longer tolerate abuses of power. In particular, the
1587:
Meanwhile on 17 December, the Kievan
Bolsheviks demanded that the Central Rada of Ukraine recognise new Soviet government in Russia, but the Rada refused, and conflict erupted between them. The Bolsheviks fled from Kiev, regrouped in Kharkov (modern
1474:, while still maintaining a hierarchical command structure and military disciple. Although some Tsarist officers had fled during the February Revolution, or suppressed mutinies by their subordinate soldiers, order was generally maintained.
1622:
Trotsky was the leading advocate of the "neither war nor peace" policy, and on 28 January 1918 announced that Soviet Russia considered the war over. This was unacceptable to the Germans, who were already transporting troops to the
1760:
As the German offensive was ongoing, Trotsky returned to Petrograd. Most of the leadership still preferred continuing the war, even though Russia was in no position to do so, due to the destruction of its army. At this point
1635:, introducing elected commanders, ending all ranks, and sending troops home. On 29 January, Krylenko ordered demobilization of the whole army. The same day, Bolshevik troops advancing on Kiev were defeated by the UPR in the
1211:
1254:
1894:. The German/Austro-Hungarian victories in Ukraine were due to the apathy of the locals and the inferior fighting skills of Bolsheviks troops compared to their Austro-Hungarian and German counterparts.
784:
360:
1723:
was captured together with the headquarters of the Western Army Group. The Southern forces broke through the remains of the Russian Southwestern Army Group, capturing Zhitomir (modern
1855:
lost territories. They were successful in some areas like Ukraine, Belarus and the Caucasus, but were forced to recognize the independence of the Baltic States, Finland, and Poland.
417:
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Central Powers armies had advanced over 150 miles (240 km) within a week, facing no serious Soviet resistance. German troops were now within 100 miles (160 km) of
640:
1322:
730:
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1249:
325:
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On 18 February, the German and Austro-Hungarian forces started a major three-pronged offensive against the Soviets with 53 divisions. The northern force advanced from
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intervened to push the Soviet leadership into acceptance of German terms, which by now had become even harsher. He was backed by other senior communists to include
1187:
3704:
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1218:
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471:
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1560:(UPR) on 20 November 1917, which would have supreme authority within Ukraine until order in the Russian Republic would be restored (which would never happen).
925:
674:
4362:
4089:
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1610:(UPR) was invited to join the peace talks, and sent its representatives to Brest-Litovsk to negotiate for Ukrainian independence. On 10–12 January 1918, the
1261:
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550:
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1580:. The Bolsheviks decided not to accept these terms and instead withdrew from the negotiations, eventually resulting in the breakdown of the ceasefire.
1230:
903:
862:
669:
130:
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867:
403:
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1804:
1584:, head of the Soviet Russian delegation, hoped to delay talks until a revolution occurred within Germany, which would force them out of the war.
708:
603:
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for an autonomous Ukraine within Russia, demands which Kerensky's government partially but not yet fully recognised (e.g. he recognised the
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1647:, forcing the Rada out of Ukraine's capital and to consider inviting the Central Powers to intervene. The German Chief of Staff, general
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1852:
1497:) were successfully repressed. Kerensky's government and the Petrograd Soviet consolidated domestic political order by proclaiming the
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3046:
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3334:
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1984:"Lenin's speech at Extraordinary Seventh Congress of the RSDLP(B) 6th March 1918 about Political Report of the Central Committee"
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were to be disarmed and detained. The Bolsheviks also agreed to the immediate return of 630,000 Austrian prisoners-of-war.
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118:
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3168:
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693:
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4408:
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1746:) with German soldiers using Russian railways to advance eastward. General Hoffmann wrote in his diary on 22 February:
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1827:
German operations also continued in the Caucasus and Finland, where Germany assisted the White Finnish forces in the
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1660:
for their armies and populations, while protecting the UPR against the advancing Bolshevik forces of Soviet Russia.
3535:
3470:
2508:
122:
1907:
1278:
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4534:
4339:
4319:
4106:
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3734:
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2503:
3206:
746:
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4329:
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suggested more equal treatment between soldiers and officers of all ranks, and electing representatives to the
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on 28 February. The central forces of the 10th Army and XLI corps advanced towards Smolensk. On 21 February
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in July 1917, but it resulted in a defeat. This further weakened the military and fuelled distrust in the
564:
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3728:
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28:
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1983:
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1544:(RSFSR), and announcing that "Soviet Russia" would be withdrawing from war. In the meantime during the
1344:
801:
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688:
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282:
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634:
520:
320:
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126:
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942:
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4393:
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3740:
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1807:
refused to recognize the Estonian government and Germans were installed in positions of authority.
1549:
1071:
1010:
979:
628:
1824:
forces advanced over 500 miles further, capturing the whole of Ukraine and some territory beyond.
618:
456:
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4456:
4398:
4158:
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1782:
1545:
1416:
1339:
1244:
1037:
991:
811:
796:
598:
110:
3417:
1563:
Talks between the new Bolshevik-led Soviet Russian government and the Central Powers started in
4231:
3955:
3890:
3746:
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3407:
3357:
3342:
3324:
3297:
3211:
3178:
2843:
2804:
2784:
2595:
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1728:
1600:(RSFSR, better known as "Soviet Russia"). The Rada tried to retake control quickly, but had to
1553:
1490:
1151:
880:
790:
779:
652:
4221:
3875:
3764:
3540:
3510:
3387:
3309:
3277:
3251:
3201:
3132:
3034:
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2640:
2523:
1883:
1644:
1450:
1303:
1076:
1054:
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915:
774:
681:
337:
2363:
1134:
740:
4571:
4486:
3173:
3147:
3097:
2454:
1879:
1552:), Central Rada and Bolshevik forces jointly expelled the Russian Provisional Government's
1298:
833:
752:
703:
525:
486:
481:
314:
271:
3122:
823:
593:
510:
8:
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3515:
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3347:
3292:
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1632:
1454:
1438:
1428:
1098:
1061:
1027:
664:
476:
46:
4506:
2182:
1819:
Territories occupied by the Central Powers before and after the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.
1781:
switched his vote and German terms were accepted; on 3 March, the Bolsheviks signed the
1283:
1114:
4513:
4428:
3787:
3651:
3633:
3598:
3562:
3402:
3367:
3319:
3304:
3191:
3142:
2981:
2940:
2620:
2364:"The Baltic States from 1914 to 1923: The First World War and the Wars of Independence"
2262:
2219:
1525:
1482:
1478:
1388:
1288:
1201:
1093:
1032:
931:
623:
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4501:
4403:
4236:
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3287:
3267:
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3087:
3017:
3005:
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2413:
2401:
2387:
2348:
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2300:
2187:
1918:
1828:
1392:
1119:
1015:
898:
769:
757:
504:
2341:
3604:
3574:
3568:
3485:
3314:
3282:
3272:
3011:
2935:
2930:
2858:
2678:
2578:
1770:
1628:
1537:
1533:
1498:
1471:
1462:
1086:
764:
658:
294:
891:
4413:
4253:
3592:
3152:
3127:
2826:
2734:
2573:
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1836:
1815:
1636:
1506:
1081:
952:
937:
873:
852:
806:
178:
4246:
4226:
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3610:
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3137:
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2897:
2880:
2314:
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1762:
1611:
1502:
1446:
1370:
838:
530:
150:
92:
1387:
forces were unable to put up any serious resistance due to the turmoil of the
4588:
4357:
3645:
3639:
3082:
2999:
2910:
2336:
2258:
1774:
1564:
1384:
165:
3807:
3241:
1648:
1581:
1510:
1432:
361:
Group of forces in battle with the counterrevolution in the South of Russia
260:
40:
2214:
1395:. The armies of the Central Powers therefore captured huge territories in
4018:
3923:
3621:
3056:
2477:
1766:
1374:
32:
2185:[100 years ago, Bakhmut and the rest of Donbas were liberated].
1708:
1529:
959:
920:
3813:
3580:
1832:
1735:
1573:
1486:
1412:
1044:
1711:
junction on the first day. This was soon followed by the capture of
4073:
2409:
1913:
1886:
had secured Odesa. On 5 April 1918 the German army took control of
1724:
1697:
1891:
1859:
1800:
1789:
1727:) on 24 February. Kiev was secured on 2 March, one day after the
1707:
The northern force, consisting of 16 divisions, captured the key
1668:
1589:
1442:
1408:
1404:
1396:
78:
49:, Western Ukraine with the city's iconic castle in the background
2259:
War Without Fronts: Atamans and Commissars in Ukraine, 1917-1919
1831:. Under the treaty all Russian naval bases in the Baltic except
395:
2021:
1887:
1871:
1867:
1788:
On 24 February, one day before the arrival of German troops to
1739:
1577:
1569:
1400:
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2068:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2060:
4241:
1840:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1693:
1689:
1643:
was repressed by UPR troops on 4 February. Nevertheless, the
1627:. While negotiations were ongoing, Soviet Commander-in-Chief
1485:-led Provisional Government, but the Bolshevik anti-Kerensky
2208:
2206:
1851:
within a year. After the German surrender, the Soviets made
2057:
1997:
1701:
1681:
1494:
2087:
2085:
2268:
2203:
2117:
2115:
2102:
2100:
1501:
on 1 September 1917, thereby definitively abolishing the
2009:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1956:
2082:
1513:
was gaining influence in Ukraine, negotiating with the
2151:
2139:
2127:
2112:
2097:
1742:. The rapid advance was described as a "Railway War" (
1631:
oversaw the demobilization and democratization of the
2215:"The Ukrainian Navy and the Crimean Issue in 1917-18"
2163:
2045:
2033:
1953:
1941:
4660:
Central Powers intervention in the Russian Civil War
2254:
2252:
1738:, forcing the Soviets to transfer their capital to
4620:Battles of the Russian Civil War involving Germany
2340:
1540:, rapidly transforming controlled areas intro the
1477:The post-imperial Russian Army even conducted the
4625:Battles involving the Ukrainian People's Republic
2183:"100 років тому визволили Бахмут і решту Донбасу"
1617:Fourth Universal of the Ukrainian Central Council
1556:, and the Central Rada proclaimed the autonomous
4605:Battles of World War I involving Austria-Hungary
4586:
2249:
1335:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Ukraine–Central Powers)
3423:Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers
1606:In between on 25 December 1917, the Kiev-based
1596:there on 24 December 1917, subordinated to the
2462:
2400:
2076:
2027:
2003:
411:
1882:. On 13 March 1918 Ukrainian troops and the
1672:The German offensive in Livonia and Estonia.
1645:Bolsheviks conquered Kiev on 8 February 1918
1598:Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
1542:Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
1365:("Operation Fist Punch"), also known as the
3906:
4600:Battles of the Eastern Front (World War I)
2469:
2455:
418:
404:
2212:
1377:. It was the last major offensive on the
4615:Battles of World War I involving Germany
3705:Revolutions and interventions in Hungary
2426:
2384:The Soviet Union - Federation or Empire?
2335:
2319:The First World War: A complete History
2274:
2157:
2106:
2091:
2051:
2039:
2015:
1970:
1814:
1675:
1667:
1592:in eastern Ukraine) and established the
1457:. While vowing to continue the war, the
4610:Battles of World War I involving Russia
4082:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration
2381:
2361:
2313:
2297:The First World War: A Complete History
2291:
2169:
2145:
2133:
2121:
1947:
4587:
1929:Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919
1594:Ukrainian People's Republic of Soviets
229:Ukrainian People's Republic of Soviets
4035:Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia
3378:Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele)
2450:
1604:(19 December 1917 – 10 January 1918).
399:
16:Last action on the Eastern Front, WW1
4439:Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
2175:
4368:Ottomans against the Triple Entente
3169:Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes
2406:World War I: A Student Encyclopedia
1755:
1696:, the central force pushed towards
13:
4680:Lithuania in the Russian Civil War
3108:First Battle of the Masurian Lakes
2404:; Roberts, Priscilla Mary (2005).
2213:Tynchenko, Yaros (23 March 2018),
1870:in April 1918. In the same month,
1548:(8–13 November 1917, starting the
14:
4696:
1835:were taken away, and the Russian
1700:, and the southern force towards
1489:protests in Petrograd as well as
1415:government of Russia to sign the
425:
390:2,600 guns and 5,000 machine guns
4685:Estonia in the Russian Civil War
4670:Belarus in the Russian Civil War
3471:Second Battle of the Piave River
3093:Russian invasion of East Prussia
2265:, August 2013 (page 102 and 103)
1350:1918 Russia–Ukraine negotiations
354:
342:
331:
308:
288:
276:
265:
254:
243:
221:
208:
184:
171:
158:
39:
4675:Latvia in the Russian Civil War
4535:Arrest of a Suspect in Sarajevo
3735:Lithuanian Wars of Independence
2476:
2284:
2240:Germany Takes Control of Crimea
2233:
1524:On 7 November 1917, during the
4358:Austria-Hungary against Serbia
4217:Deportations from East Prussia
4014:1915 typhus epidemic in Serbia
1976:
1519:General Secretariat of Ukraine
1515:Russian Provisional Government
1459:Russian Provisional Government
1441:(March 1917) brought down the
1171:Battle for Kamianets-Podilskyi
45:Austro-Hungarian troops enter
1:
4635:Kiev in the Russian Civil War
4269:Ukrainian Canadian internment
2191:(in Ukrainian). 18 April 2018
1934:
1847:collapsed with Germany's own
1641:Kiev Arsenal January Uprising
1422:
4665:Soviet Russia in World War I
4424:Sazonov–Paléologue Agreement
3723:Estonian War of Independence
3398:Southern Palestine offensive
1878:by Ukrainian troops and the
1810:
1794:Estonian Salvation Committee
1663:
1468:Petrograd Soviet Order No. 1
7:
4378:USA against Austria-Hungary
3777:Turkish War of Independence
3729:Latvian War of Independence
3461:Treaty of Bucharest of 1918
3052:Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo
2427:Woodward, David R. (2009).
1901:
1657:Ukrainian People's Republic
1651:, responded by signing the
1608:Ukrainian People's Republic
1558:Ukrainian People's Republic
192:Ukrainian People's Republic
109:Russian exit from the war (
10:
4701:
4461:Treaties of Brest-Litovsk
4009:1899–1923 cholera pandemic
3476:Second Battle of the Marne
3363:Second battle of the Aisne
3232:Second Battle of Champagne
3073:German invasion of Belgium
1924:German Caucasus expedition
1908:1918 Ukrainian coup d'état
1731:troops had arrived there.
1426:
1345:Treaty of Bucharest (1918)
61:18 February – 3 March 1918
4567:
4526:
4447:
4386:
4348:
4292:
4281:
4242:Assyrian genocide (Sayfo)
4185:
4157:
4105:
4027:
4001:
3953:
3846:
3839:
3771:Irish War of Independence
3667:
3549:
3521:Armistice of Villa Giusti
3506:Battle of Vittorio Veneto
3431:
3333:
3260:
3161:
3118:First Battle of the Marne
3065:
3027:
2962:
2953:
2896:
2770:
2759:
2725:
2697:
2659:
2611:
2564:
2557:
2484:
2077:Tucker & Roberts 2005
2028:Tucker & Roberts 2005
2004:Tucker & Roberts 2005
1876:cleared of the Bolsheviks
1505:, as well as foiling the
1250:Assault on Chongar Bridge
1130:Battle of Bobruysk (1918)
970:Second Brusilov offensive
435:
379:
366:
300:
236:
142:
53:
38:
26:
21:
4394:Constantinople Agreement
3687:Armenian–Azerbaijani War
3550:Co-belligerent conflicts
3526:Second Romanian campaign
3496:Third Transjordan attack
3207:Gorlice–Tarnów offensive
3113:Battle of Grand Couronné
2362:Parrott, Andrew (2002).
1294:Romanian Campaign (1918)
1072:Romanian Campaign (1917)
1011:Romanian campaign (1916)
747:Gorlice–Tarnów offensive
4457:Modus vivendi of Acroma
4409:Bulgaria–Germany treaty
3717:Greater Poland Uprising
3617:National Protection War
3501:Meuse–Argonne offensive
3451:German spring offensive
3446:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
3222:Siege of Novogeorgievsk
3197:Second Battle of Artois
3078:Battle of the Frontiers
2431:. Infobase Publishing.
2382:Raffass, Tania (2012).
2369:. Baltic Defence Review
1783:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
1546:Kiev Bolshevik Uprising
1417:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
1340:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
497:East Prussia war crimes
349:Ukrainian People's Army
283:Eduard von Böhm-Ermolli
216:Russian Soviet Republic
111:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
4630:Ukraine in World War I
4482:Paris Peace Conference
4470:Ukraine–Central Powers
4264:Massacres of Albanians
4232:Late Ottoman genocides
4039:Bulgarian occupations
3747:Third Anglo-Afghan War
3711:Hungarian–Romanian War
3536:Naval Victory Bulletin
3531:Armistice with Germany
3481:Hundred Days Offensive
3408:Battle of La Malmaison
3358:Second battle of Arras
3325:Battle of Transylvania
3179:Second Battle of Ypres
3047:Sarajevo assassination
2936:South African Republic
1898:Brest-Litovsk treaty.
1820:
1805:occupation authorities
1753:
1729:Ukrainian Central Rada
1685:
1673:
1639:, while the Bolshevik
1554:Kiev Military District
1491:Polubotkivtsi uprising
237:Commanders and leaders
4492:Treaty of St. Germain
4465:Russia–Central Powers
4419:Sykes–Picot Agreement
4247:Pontic Greek genocide
4222:Destruction of Kalisz
4198:Eastern Mediterranean
3759:Polish–Lithuanian War
3541:Armistice of Belgrade
3511:Armistice of Salonica
3441:Operation Faustschlag
3388:Third Battle of Oituz
3310:Baranovichi offensive
3278:Lake Naroch offensive
3252:Battle of Robat Karim
3227:Vistula–Bug offensive
3202:Battles of the Isonzo
3133:First Battle of Ypres
2343:The Russian Civil War
1884:Austro-Hungarian Army
1818:
1748:
1679:
1671:
1451:Imperial Russian Army
1363:Operation Faustschlag
965:Baranovichi offensive
541:Halich-Lviv offensive
380:Casualties and losses
338:Austro-Hungarian Army
22:Operation Faustschlag
4650:February 1918 events
4487:Treaty of Versailles
4203:Mount Lebanon famine
4118:in the United States
4086:Russian occupations
3800:Turkish–Armenian War
3741:Polish–Ukrainian War
3681:Ukrainian–Soviet War
3628:Central Asian Revolt
3418:Armistice of Focșani
3148:Battle of Sarikamish
3098:Battle of Tannenberg
2494:Military engagements
2321:. Moscow: Квадрига.
1880:Imperial German Army
1866:took control of the
1853:an attempt to regain
1799:the independence of
1744:der Eisenbahnfeldzug
1550:Ukrainian–Soviet War
1453:was turned into the
1299:Anti-Hetman Uprising
753:Gorlice breakthrough
315:Imperial German Army
272:Erich von Falkenhayn
4554:They shall not pass
4477:Treaty of Bucharest
4434:Treaty of Bucharest
4373:USA against Germany
4350:Declarations of war
4054:German occupations
3967:British casualties
3826:Soviet–Georgian War
3753:Egyptian Revolution
3693:Armeno-Georgian War
3557:Somaliland campaign
3516:Armistice of Mudros
3393:Battle of Caporetto
3383:Battle of Mărășești
3353:Zimmermann telegram
3348:February Revolution
3293:Battle of the Somme
3217:Bug-Narew Offensive
3192:Battle of Gallipoli
3184:Sinking of the RMS
2976:Scramble for Africa
2970:Franco-Prussian War
2626:Sinai and Palestine
2429:World War I Almanac
2261:by Mikhail Akulov,
2030:, pp. 662–663.
1890:, and 3 days later
1439:February Revolution
1429:Russian Army (1917)
1183:The Battle of Irpin
1159:Battle of Berdychiv
1028:February Revolution
846:Dniestr–Zolota Lypa
47:Kamianets-Podilskyi
4514:Treaty of Lausanne
4429:Paris Economy Pact
4363:UK against Germany
4293:Entry into the war
4259:Urkun (Kyrgyzstan)
3978:Ottoman casualties
3788:Franco-Turkish War
3668:Post-War conflicts
3652:Russian Revolution
3634:Invasion of Darfur
3599:Kelantan rebellion
3587:Kurdish rebellions
3563:Mexican Revolution
3403:October Revolution
3368:Kerensky offensive
3343:Capture of Baghdad
3320:Monastir offensive
3305:Brusilov offensive
3143:Battle of Kolubara
2982:Russo-Japanese War
2402:Tucker, Spencer C.
2263:Harvard University
2220:The Ukrainian Week
1821:
1686:
1674:
1615:proclaimed in the
1536:took power in the
1526:October Revolution
1521:on 13 July 1917).
1483:Alexander Kerensky
1479:Kerensky Offensive
1389:Russian Revolution
1094:October Revolution
1050:Tarnopol-Offensive
1033:Kerensky offensive
932:Brusilov offensive
694:2nd Masurian Lakes
558:Galicia war crimes
492:1st Masurian Lakes
250:Leopold of Bavaria
4655:March 1918 events
4640:Conflicts in 1918
4580:
4579:
4563:
4562:
4547:The Golden Virgin
4541:Mutilated victory
4522:
4521:
4502:Treaty of Trianon
4497:Treaty of Neuilly
4404:Damascus Protocol
4277:
4276:
4237:Armenian genocide
4194:Allied blockades
4166:Belgian refugees
3949:
3948:
3859:Strategic bombing
3835:
3834:
3820:Franco-Syrian War
3794:Greco-Turkish War
3782:Anglo-Turkish War
3765:Polish–Soviet War
3699:German Revolution
3675:Russian Civil War
3658:Finnish Civil War
3491:Battle of Megiddo
3466:Battle of Goychay
3413:Battle of Cambrai
3373:Battle of Mărăști
3288:Battle of Jutland
3268:Erzurum offensive
3123:Siege of Przemyśl
3103:Siege of Tsingtao
3088:Battle of Galicia
3018:Second Balkan War
3006:Italo-Turkish War
2963:Pre-War conflicts
2949:
2948:
2839:Portuguese Empire
2755:
2754:
2717:German New Guinea
2699:Asian and Pacific
2347:. Pegasus Books.
2328:978-5-389-08465-0
2188:Ukrayinska Pravda
1919:Finnish Civil War
1829:Finnish Civil War
1680:German troops in
1509:. Meanwhile, the
1393:Russian Civil War
1358:
1357:
1016:Christmas Battles
721:2nd Vistula River
582:Laski and Anielin
576:1st Vistula River
394:
393:
138:
137:
4692:
4507:Treaty of Sèvres
4399:Treaty of London
4290:
4289:
4068:Northeast France
3999:
3998:
3971:Parliamentarians
3904:
3903:
3866:Chemical weapons
3844:
3843:
3605:Senussi campaign
3575:Muscat rebellion
3569:Maritz rebellion
3486:Vardar offensive
3315:Battle of Romani
3283:Battle of Asiago
3273:Battle of Verdun
3237:Kosovo offensive
3012:First Balkan War
2960:
2959:
2859:Russian Republic
2768:
2767:
2562:
2561:
2504:Economic history
2471:
2464:
2457:
2448:
2447:
2442:
2423:
2397:
2378:
2376:
2374:
2368:
2358:
2346:
2332:
2310:
2278:
2277:, p. 36–37.
2272:
2266:
2256:
2247:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2210:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2179:
2173:
2167:
2161:
2155:
2149:
2143:
2137:
2131:
2125:
2119:
2110:
2104:
2095:
2089:
2080:
2074:
2055:
2049:
2043:
2037:
2031:
2025:
2019:
2018:, p. 31–32.
2013:
2007:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1980:
1974:
1968:
1951:
1945:
1864:Ukrainian troops
1756:Political impact
1629:Nikolai Krylenko
1538:Russian Republic
1534:Petrograd Soviet
1499:Russian Republic
1493:in Kiev (modern
1472:Petrograd Soviet
1463:Petrograd Soviet
1445:monarchy of the
1367:Eleven Days' War
1258:
1239:
1231:Battle for Izyum
1227:
1215:
1191:
1179:
1167:
1155:
1115:Battle of Galați
1058:
1007:
995:
983:
895:
863:Strypa offensive
678:
670:Kozevo offensive
604:2nd East Prussia
554:
451:1st East Prussia
430:
420:
413:
406:
397:
396:
359:
358:
357:
347:
346:
345:
336:
335:
334:
313:
312:
311:
295:Nikolai Krylenko
293:
292:
291:
281:
280:
279:
270:
269:
268:
259:
258:
257:
248:
247:
246:
227:
225:
224:
214:
212:
211:
201:Soviet republics
190:
188:
187:
177:
175:
174:
164:
162:
161:
117:Independence of
55:
54:
43:
19:
18:
4700:
4699:
4695:
4694:
4693:
4691:
4690:
4689:
4645:1918 in Belarus
4585:
4584:
4581:
4576:
4559:
4518:
4450:
4443:
4414:Treaty of Darin
4382:
4344:
4300:Austria-Hungary
4286:
4273:
4254:Rape of Belgium
4181:
4153:
4101:
4095:Western Armenia
4090:Eastern Galicia
4023:
3997:
3961:
3960:Civilian impact
3959:
3945:
3902:
3831:
3663:
3593:Ovambo Uprising
3545:
3427:
3329:
3256:
3174:Battle of Łomża
3157:
3153:Christmas truce
3128:Race to the Sea
3061:
3023:
2945:
2916:Austria-Hungary
2892:
2827:Empire of Japan
2764:
2762:
2751:
2735:U-boat campaign
2721:
2693:
2655:
2607:
2553:
2534:Popular culture
2480:
2475:
2445:
2439:
2420:
2394:
2372:
2370:
2366:
2355:
2329:
2315:Gilbert, Martin
2307:
2293:Gilbert, Martin
2287:
2282:
2281:
2273:
2269:
2257:
2250:
2244:New York Herald
2238:
2234:
2225:
2223:
2211:
2204:
2194:
2192:
2181:
2180:
2176:
2168:
2164:
2156:
2152:
2144:
2140:
2132:
2128:
2120:
2113:
2105:
2098:
2090:
2083:
2075:
2058:
2050:
2046:
2038:
2034:
2026:
2022:
2014:
2010:
2002:
1998:
1988:
1986:
1982:
1981:
1977:
1969:
1954:
1946:
1942:
1937:
1910:(29 April 1918)
1904:
1837:Black Sea Fleet
1813:
1758:
1666:
1637:Battle of Kruty
1605:
1602:give up Kharkov
1507:Kornilov affair
1435:
1425:
1391:and subsequent
1359:
1354:
1252:
1233:
1221:
1209:
1185:
1173:
1161:
1149:
1082:Kornilov affair
1052:
1001:
989:
977:
889:
672:
548:
431:
426:
424:
389:
388:63,000 captured
355:
353:
343:
341:
340:
332:
330:
309:
307:
289:
287:
277:
275:
274:
266:
264:
263:
255:
253:
252:
244:
242:
222:
220:
209:
207:
185:
183:
179:Austria-Hungary
172:
170:
159:
157:
104:
98:
81:
44:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4698:
4688:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4595:1918 in Russia
4578:
4577:
4575:
4574:
4568:
4565:
4564:
4561:
4560:
4558:
4557:
4550:
4543:
4538:
4530:
4528:
4524:
4523:
4520:
4519:
4517:
4516:
4511:
4510:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4479:
4474:
4473:
4472:
4467:
4459:
4453:
4451:
4449:Peace treaties
4448:
4445:
4444:
4442:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4390:
4388:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4354:
4352:
4346:
4345:
4343:
4342:
4337:
4335:United Kingdom
4332:
4327:
4325:Ottoman Empire
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4296:
4294:
4287:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4275:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4250:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4229:
4227:Sack of Dinant
4224:
4219:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4207:
4206:
4205:
4191:
4189:
4183:
4182:
4180:
4179:
4178:
4177:
4175:United Kingdom
4172:
4163:
4161:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4151:
4150:
4149:
4144:
4135:
4129:POW locations
4127:
4122:
4121:
4120:
4111:
4109:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4099:
4098:
4097:
4092:
4084:
4079:
4078:
4077:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4052:
4051:
4050:
4045:
4037:
4031:
4029:
4025:
4024:
4022:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4005:
4003:
3996:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3988:
3980:
3975:
3974:
3973:
3964:
3962:
3954:
3951:
3950:
3947:
3946:
3944:
3943:
3938:
3937:
3936:
3929:United Kingdom
3926:
3924:Ottoman Empire
3921:
3916:
3910:
3908:
3901:
3900:
3898:Trench warfare
3895:
3894:
3893:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3862:
3861:
3850:
3848:
3841:
3837:
3836:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3829:
3823:
3817:
3811:
3805:
3804:
3803:
3797:
3791:
3785:
3774:
3768:
3762:
3756:
3750:
3744:
3738:
3732:
3726:
3720:
3714:
3708:
3702:
3696:
3690:
3684:
3678:
3671:
3669:
3665:
3664:
3662:
3661:
3655:
3649:
3643:
3637:
3631:
3625:
3619:
3614:
3611:Volta-Bani War
3608:
3602:
3596:
3590:
3584:
3578:
3572:
3566:
3560:
3553:
3551:
3547:
3546:
3544:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3456:Zeebrugge Raid
3453:
3448:
3443:
3437:
3435:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3339:
3337:
3331:
3330:
3328:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3264:
3262:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3247:Battle of Loos
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3165:
3163:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3138:Black Sea raid
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3069:
3067:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3043:
3042:
3040:Historiography
3031:
3029:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3021:
3015:
3009:
3003:
2997:
2994:Bosnian Crisis
2991:
2988:Tangier Crisis
2985:
2979:
2973:
2966:
2964:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2921:Ottoman Empire
2918:
2913:
2908:
2902:
2900:
2898:Central Powers
2894:
2893:
2891:
2890:
2885:
2884:
2883:
2881:British Empire
2876:United Kingdom
2873:
2868:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2856:
2854:Russian Empire
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2830:
2829:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2808:
2807:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2776:
2774:
2772:Entente Powers
2765:
2760:
2757:
2756:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2744:
2743:
2742:
2740:North Atlantic
2731:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2703:
2701:
2695:
2694:
2692:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2665:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2651:Central Arabia
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2617:
2615:
2613:Middle Eastern
2609:
2608:
2606:
2605:
2600:
2599:
2598:
2588:
2583:
2582:
2581:
2570:
2568:
2559:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2514:Historiography
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2485:
2482:
2481:
2474:
2473:
2466:
2459:
2451:
2444:
2443:
2437:
2424:
2418:
2398:
2392:
2379:
2359:
2353:
2337:Mawdsley, Evan
2333:
2327:
2311:
2305:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2267:
2248:
2232:
2202:
2174:
2162:
2150:
2148:, p. 402.
2138:
2136:, p. 145.
2126:
2124:, p. 399.
2111:
2096:
2094:, p. 295.
2081:
2079:, p. 663.
2056:
2044:
2032:
2020:
2008:
2006:, p. 662.
1996:
1975:
1952:
1950:, p. 540.
1939:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1903:
1900:
1888:Yekaterinoslav
1812:
1809:
1757:
1754:
1665:
1662:
1612:Central Powers
1503:Russian Empire
1447:Russian Empire
1424:
1421:
1411:, forcing the
1371:Central Powers
1356:
1355:
1353:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1329:Peace treaties
1326:
1325:
1320:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1306:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1216:
1207:Lozova station
1204:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1192:
1180:
1168:
1156:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1096:
1091:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1047:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1013:
1008:
996:
984:
972:
967:
962:
957:
956:
955:
950:
945:
940:
928:
923:
918:
912:
911:
907:
906:
901:
896:
884:
877:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
849:
848:
843:
842:
841:
836:
826:
821:
816:
815:
814:
812:Novogeorgievsk
809:
804:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
761:
760:
755:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
717:
716:
711:
701:
696:
691:
686:
685:
684:
679:
667:
655:
649:
648:
644:
643:
638:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
584:
579:
572:
567:
562:
561:
560:
555:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
501:
500:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
459:
447:
441:
440:
436:
433:
432:
423:
422:
415:
408:
400:
392:
391:
386:
382:
381:
377:
376:
373:
369:
368:
364:
363:
351:
329:
328:
323:
303:
302:
301:Units involved
298:
297:
285:
239:
238:
234:
233:
232:
231:
218:
196:
195:
194:
181:
168:
151:Central Powers
145:
144:
140:
139:
136:
135:
134:
133:
106:
100:
99:
97:
96:
93:Central Powers
89:
87:
83:
82:
69:
67:
63:
62:
59:
51:
50:
36:
35:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4697:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4583:
4573:
4570:
4569:
4566:
4556:
4555:
4551:
4549:
4548:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4536:
4532:
4531:
4529:
4525:
4515:
4512:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4484:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4462:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4454:
4452:
4446:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4385:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4355:
4353:
4351:
4347:
4341:
4340:United States
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4297:
4295:
4291:
4288:
4285:
4280:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4234:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4211:
4208:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4199:
4196:
4195:
4193:
4192:
4190:
4188:
4184:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4160:
4156:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4130:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4119:
4116:
4115:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4108:
4104:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4087:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4076:
4075:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4055:
4053:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4032:
4030:
4026:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4000:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3972:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3957:
3952:
3942:
3941:United States
3939:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3905:
3899:
3896:
3892:
3891:Convoy system
3889:
3888:
3887:
3886:Naval warfare
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3855:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3845:
3842:
3838:
3827:
3824:
3821:
3818:
3815:
3812:
3809:
3806:
3801:
3798:
3795:
3792:
3789:
3786:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3769:
3766:
3763:
3760:
3757:
3754:
3751:
3748:
3745:
3742:
3739:
3736:
3733:
3730:
3727:
3724:
3721:
3718:
3715:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3700:
3697:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3685:
3682:
3679:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3670:
3666:
3659:
3656:
3653:
3650:
3647:
3646:Kaocen revolt
3644:
3641:
3640:Easter Rising
3638:
3635:
3632:
3629:
3626:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3612:
3609:
3606:
3603:
3600:
3597:
3594:
3591:
3588:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3573:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3561:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3552:
3548:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3434:
3430:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3336:
3332:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3299:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3259:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3212:Great Retreat
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3187:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3160:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3083:Battle of Cer
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3041:
3038:
3037:
3036:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3026:
3019:
3016:
3013:
3010:
3007:
3004:
3001:
3000:Agadir Crisis
2998:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2986:
2983:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2952:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2899:
2895:
2889:
2888:United States
2886:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2806:
2805:French Empire
2803:
2802:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2769:
2766:
2758:
2748:
2747:Mediterranean
2745:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2727:Naval warfare
2724:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2696:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2610:
2604:
2603:Italian Front
2601:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2592:
2591:Eastern Front
2589:
2587:
2586:Western Front
2584:
2580:
2577:
2576:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2563:
2560:
2556:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2544:Puppet states
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2483:
2479:
2472:
2467:
2465:
2460:
2458:
2453:
2452:
2449:
2440:
2438:9781438118963
2434:
2430:
2425:
2421:
2419:9781851098798
2415:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2393:9781136296437
2389:
2386:. Routledge.
2385:
2380:
2365:
2360:
2356:
2354:9781933648156
2350:
2345:
2344:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2306:9781409102793
2302:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2289:
2276:
2275:Mawdsley 2007
2271:
2264:
2260:
2255:
2253:
2246:(18 May 1918)
2245:
2241:
2236:
2222:
2221:
2216:
2209:
2207:
2190:
2189:
2184:
2178:
2172:, p. 43.
2171:
2166:
2160:, p. 37.
2159:
2158:Mawdsley 2007
2154:
2147:
2142:
2135:
2130:
2123:
2118:
2116:
2109:, p. 33.
2108:
2107:Mawdsley 2007
2103:
2101:
2093:
2092:Woodward 2009
2088:
2086:
2078:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2054:, p. 34.
2053:
2052:Mawdsley 2007
2048:
2042:, p. 32.
2041:
2040:Mawdsley 2007
2036:
2029:
2024:
2017:
2016:Mawdsley 2007
2012:
2005:
2000:
1985:
1979:
1973:, p. 35.
1972:
1971:Mawdsley 2007
1967:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1949:
1944:
1940:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1899:
1895:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1856:
1854:
1850:
1844:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1825:
1817:
1808:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1795:
1791:
1786:
1784:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1752:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1732:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1715:and securing
1714:
1710:
1705:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1684:, March 1918.
1683:
1678:
1670:
1661:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1625:Western Front
1620:
1618:
1613:
1609:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1565:Brest-Litovsk
1561:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1522:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1434:
1430:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1380:
1379:Eastern Front
1376:
1373:offensive in
1372:
1368:
1364:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1312:Naval warfare
1311:
1310:
1305:
1302:
1301:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1279:Hetman's coup
1277:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1256:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1237:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1225:
1220:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1184:
1181:
1177:
1172:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1157:
1153:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1107:
1102:
1101:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1056:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1005:
1000:
997:
993:
988:
985:
981:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
954:
951:
949:
948:Kostiuchnówka
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
935:
934:
933:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
913:
909:
908:
905:
902:
900:
897:
893:
888:
885:
883:
882:
878:
876:
875:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
847:
844:
840:
837:
835:
832:
831:
830:
829:Riga-Schaulen
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
802:2nd Przasnysz
800:
799:
798:
795:
794:
793:
792:
791:Great Retreat
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
759:
756:
754:
751:
750:
749:
748:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
715:
712:
710:
707:
706:
705:
702:
700:
699:1st Przasnysz
697:
695:
692:
690:
689:Humin-Bolimów
687:
683:
680:
676:
671:
668:
666:
663:
662:
661:
660:
656:
654:
651:
650:
646:
645:
642:
641:Lupovsky Pass
639:
637:
636:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
589:
585:
583:
580:
578:
577:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
559:
556:
552:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
508:
507:
506:
502:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
454:
453:
452:
448:
446:
443:
442:
438:
437:
434:
429:
428:Eastern Front
421:
416:
414:
409:
407:
402:
401:
398:
387:
384:
383:
378:
374:
371:
370:
365:
362:
352:
350:
339:
327:
324:
322:
319:
318:
317:
316:
305:
304:
299:
296:
286:
284:
273:
262:
251:
241:
240:
235:
230:
219:
217:
206:
205:
204:
203:
202:
197:
193:
182:
180:
169:
167:
166:German Empire
156:
155:
154:
153:
152:
147:
146:
141:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
115:
114:
112:
107:
102:
101:
94:
91:
90:
88:
85:
84:
80:
76:
72:
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48:
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37:
34:
30:
29:Eastern Front
25:
20:
4582:
4552:
4545:
4533:
4140: /
4072:
3907:Conscription
3871:Cryptography
3808:Iraqi Revolt
3440:
3242:Siege of Kut
3185:
2763:participants
2712:German Samoa
2646:South Arabia
2428:
2405:
2383:
2371:. Retrieved
2342:
2318:
2296:
2285:Bibliography
2270:
2235:
2224:, retrieved
2218:
2193:. Retrieved
2186:
2177:
2170:Raffass 2012
2165:
2153:
2146:Gilbert 2008
2141:
2134:Parrott 2002
2129:
2122:Gilbert 2008
2047:
2035:
2023:
2011:
1999:
1987:. Retrieved
1978:
1948:Gilbert 2023
1943:
1896:
1868:Donets Basin
1857:
1845:
1839:warships in
1826:
1822:
1787:
1779:
1759:
1749:
1743:
1733:
1706:
1687:
1653:peace treaty
1649:Max Hoffmann
1633:Russian Army
1621:
1586:
1582:Leon Trotsky
1576:and western
1562:
1523:
1511:Central Rada
1476:
1455:Russian Army
1436:
1433:Central Rada
1383:
1366:
1362:
1360:
1140:
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1087:
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887:Death Island
879:
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731:1st Courland
657:
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586:
574:
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472:Gross-Bresau
449:
372:53 divisions
306:
261:Max Hoffmann
199:
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149:
148:
143:Belligerents
108:
27:Part of the
4170:Netherlands
4147:Switzerland
4028:Occupations
4019:Spanish flu
3796:(1919–1922)
3790:(1918–1921)
3784:(1918–1923)
3773:(1919–1921)
3767:(1919–1921)
3761:(1919–1920)
3737:(1918–1920)
3731:(1918–1920)
3725:(1918–1920)
3707:(1918–1920)
3689:(1918–1920)
3683:(1917–1921)
3677:(1917–1921)
3624:(1916-1918)
3622:Arab Revolt
3613:(1915–1917)
3607:(1915–1917)
3595:(1914-1917)
3589:(1914–1917)
3583:(1914–1921)
3577:(1913–1920)
3565:(1910–1920)
3559:(1900–1920)
3057:July Crisis
2978:(1880–1914)
2641:Mesopotamia
2519:Home fronts
2478:World War I
2299:. Phoenix.
1375:World War I
1304:Motovilivka
1253: [
1234: [
1222: [
1210: [
1186: [
1174: [
1162: [
1150: [
1141:Faustschlag
1053: [
1002: [
990: [
978: [
916:Lake Naroch
890: [
819:Vistula-Bug
785:Kraupishken
780:3rd Osowiec
736:2nd Bolimów
726:2nd Osowiec
673: [
659:Carpathians
635:Bzura-Rawka
619:Krzywopłoty
570:1st Osowiec
549: [
546:Jarosławice
521:Zolota Lypa
511:1st Kraśnik
487:Abschwangen
457:Stallupönen
103:Territorial
33:World War I
4589:Categories
4387:Agreements
4187:War crimes
4063:Luxembourg
3956:Casualties
2834:Montenegro
2669:South West
2549:Technology
2539:Propaganda
2529:Opposition
2373:27 January
2226:14 October
1935:References
1709:Daugavpils
1530:Bolsheviks
1437:After the
1427:See also:
1423:Background
1318:Baltic Sea
1272:Sevastopol
1125:Bessarabia
960:2nd Kekava
926:Stolovichy
921:1st Kekava
526:Gnila Lipa
482:Tannenberg
445:Wierzbołów
4284:Diplomacy
3991:Olympians
3914:Australia
3881:Logistics
3814:Vlora War
3743:(1918–19)
3719:(1918–19)
3713:(1918–19)
3701:(1918–19)
3648:(1916–17)
3630:(1916–17)
3581:Zaian War
3571:(1914–15)
3298:first day
3186:Lusitania
3014:(1912–13)
3008:(1911–12)
2996:(1908–09)
2990:(1905–06)
2972:(1870–71)
2761:Principal
2621:Gallipoli
2524:Memorials
2509:Geography
2499:Aftermath
1874:was also
1833:Kronstadt
1811:Aftermath
1803:. German
1736:Petrograd
1664:Offensive
1574:Lithuania
1487:July Days
1413:Bolshevik
1323:Black Sea
1267:Salt Lake
1099:Zhmerynka
1062:Krechowce
1045:July Days
987:Schmarden
943:Mamornița
858:Grubeshov
797:Bug-Narew
714:Kalvarija
665:Rafajlowa
653:Cârlibaba
629:Łowczówek
588:San River
477:Gumbinnen
326:XLI Corps
321:10th Army
123:Lithuania
4572:Category
4159:Refugees
4125:Italians
4114:Germans
4074:Ober Ost
3854:Aviation
2955:Timeline
2926:Bulgaria
2707:Tsingtao
2684:Togoland
2631:Caucasus
2566:European
2558:Theatres
2410:ABC-CLIO
2339:(2007).
2317:(2023).
2295:(2008).
2195:4 August
1914:Ober Ost
1902:See also
1797:declared
1771:Zinoviev
1751:novelty.
1725:Zhytomyr
1698:Smolensk
1692:towards
1369:, was a
1289:Dibrivka
1202:Bakhmach
1135:Rarańcza
1077:2nd Riga
834:1st Riga
741:Pakosław
624:Limanowa
599:Mołotków
594:Przemyśl
565:Augustów
367:Strength
66:Location
4310:Germany
4210:Germany
4138:Germany
4058:Belgium
4043:Albania
4002:Disease
3982:Sports
3934:Ireland
3847:Warfare
3840:Aspects
3035:Origins
3028:Prelude
2931:Senussi
2911:Germany
2906:Leaders
2844:Romania
2785:Belgium
2780:Leaders
2679:Kamerun
2661:African
2596:Romania
2574:Balkans
2489:Outline
1892:Kharkov
1860:Ukraine
1801:Estonia
1790:Tallinn
1767:Kamenev
1590:Kharkiv
1532:of the
1443:Tsarist
1409:Ukraine
1405:Belarus
1397:Estonia
1385:Russian
1120:Finland
999:Lysonia
899:Smorgon
824:Jastków
770:Rokitna
758:Syniava
682:Makivka
536:Gorodek
516:Komarow
505:Galicia
467:Kaushen
385:Unknown
375:Unknown
131:Ukraine
127:Belarus
119:Estonia
105:changes
95:victory
79:Baltics
75:Belarus
71:Ukraine
4330:Russia
4305:France
4133:Canada
4048:Serbia
3919:Canada
3876:Horses
3828:(1921)
3822:(1920)
3816:(1920)
3810:(1920)
3802:(1920)
3755:(1919)
3749:(1919)
3695:(1918)
3660:(1918)
3654:(1917)
3642:(1916)
3636:(1916)
3601:(1915)
3020:(1913)
3002:(1911)
2984:(1905)
2941:Darfur
2866:Serbia
2849:Russia
2812:Greece
2800:France
2790:Brazil
2636:Persia
2579:Serbia
2435:
2416:
2390:
2351:
2325:
2303:
1872:Crimea
1849:defeat
1792:, the
1775:Stalin
1773:, and
1740:Moscow
1578:Latvia
1570:Poland
1449:, the
1407:, and
1401:Latvia
1284:Kaniów
1262:Sivash
1245:Crimea
1219:Donbas
1088:Albion
1038:Zboriv
904:Zurnvo
775:Tarłów
765:Konary
614:Kraków
226:
213:
189:
176:
163:
86:Result
4527:Other
4320:Japan
4315:Italy
4142:camps
3986:Rugby
2822:Japan
2817:Italy
2795:China
2689:North
2367:(PDF)
1989:6 May
1841:Odesa
1763:Lenin
1721:Minsk
1717:Narva
1713:Pskov
1694:Narva
1690:Pskov
1655:with
1257:]
1238:]
1226:]
1214:]
1195:Narva
1190:]
1178:]
1166:]
1154:]
1147:Keila
1067:Krevo
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1006:]
994:]
982:]
953:Kowel
938:Lutsk
894:]
881:Vilno
874:Rovno
853:Rasna
839:Kovno
807:Narew
709:Memel
704:Łomża
677:]
553:]
462:Orlau
4107:POWs
3433:1918
3335:1917
3261:1916
3162:1915
3066:1914
2871:Siam
2674:East
2433:ISBN
2414:ISBN
2388:ISBN
2375:2013
2349:ISBN
2323:ISBN
2301:ISBN
2228:2018
2197:2024
1991:2020
1702:Kiev
1682:Kiev
1495:Kyiv
1461:and
1431:and
1361:The
1109:1918
1022:1917
975:Misa
910:1916
868:Prut
647:1915
609:Łódź
531:Rawa
439:1914
129:and
58:Date
1858:In
31:of
4591::
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2408:.
2251:^
2242:,
2217:,
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1255:ru
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1164:uk
1152:et
1055:de
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