Knowledge

Operation New Life

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2893: 22: 2970: 2862:, but most were transported to Guam by U.S. and South Vietnamese naval ships, commercial vessels and military and commercial aircraft. A total of 111,919 Vietnamese would be housed temporarily and processed for entry into the United States on Guam. That total included 2,600 orphans and abandoned children evacuated from South Vietnam under Operation Babylift who transited Guam on 3 and 4 April en route to the United States. 3418: 3243: 3109:
Among the refugees in Guam were about 1,600 people who requested repatriation to Vietnam. Many of them were South Vietnamese army and naval personnel. The Vietnamese navy had loaded up their ships with people during the evacuation and sailed out to sea, ending up in Guam. Their families often left
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The refugees included "farmers ... an entire fishing village ... Many gave the impression of not knowing where they were or why they were there. Some had simply fled in panic." However, once in Guam, "their destination was the United States ... how many never intended to travel to continental United
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More than 20,000 military personnel from all services were involved in the operation. The military was tasked with providing transportation, operating refugee reception centers in the Pacific and the United States, and assisting civilian agencies in the resettlement program. Expenses incurred by the
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In addition to the Army run camp at Orote Point, numerous Vietnamese were housed at Andersen Air Force Base in an area known as Tin City. This complex of pre-engineered metal buildings had previously served as housing for aircraft maintenance and other personnel supporting the B-52 bombing missions
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constructed additional housing, including bulldozing 1,200 acres of brush to create "Tent City" for 50,000 people. On 7 May, three merchant ships arrived at Guam carrying 13,000 Vietnamese, the highest number of people to arrive in a single day. The refugee population on Guam peaked on 13 May at
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The State Department was concerned that some among the potential returnees were being coerced by their colleagues into saying they wished to return to Vietnam. State isolated the potential returnees and interviewed each of them individually. Those affirming they wished to return to Vietnam were
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initially took responsibility for the repatriation. The Vietnamese government demanded that a lengthy questionnaire be completed for each potential returnee. UNHCR completed the questionnaires and submitted them, but no response was forthcoming from Vietnam. Meantime, the refugees became more
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Tasked with providing food and shelter, Naval Station Tug Base personnel improvised housing from abandoned warehouses of decommissioned Camp Minron with cots and supplies from the base emergency hurricane supplies, fed hundreds from plastic trash cans full of fish and rice from the base galley.
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also provided hot meals from her own stores and galley. Outside showers were made from a circle of metal lockers and fire hoses with sprinkler heads. The Seabee's first task was the construction of 2,000 squad tents measuring 16 feet (4.9 m) x 32 feet (9.8 m). Seabees also set up
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created the Interagency Task Force (IATF) for Indochina on 18 April 1975. It tasked a dozen government agencies with the responsibility to transport, process, receive and resettle Indochinese refugees, nearly all Vietnamese, in the United States. Ford appointed L. Dean Brown of the
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and officials of the South Vietnamese government. However, a Congressional report summed up characteristics of the refugees who arrived in Guam as follows: "Half the Vietnamese we intended to get out did not get out – and half who did get out should not have."
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frequently impact Guam and the military and civilian personnel involved in Operation New Life feared that a typhoon would strike Guam while the Vietnamese were living in tents and unprotected from the elements. Fortunately, no typhoon hit Guam in 1975.
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was unknown for more than a decade. The ship's captain, Tran Dinh Tru, later told his story. On arrival in Vietnam, Tru and at least some of his shipmates were sent to re-education camps in the rural areas of Vietnam. Tru was imprisoned for 12 years.
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The U.S. military estimated that 13,000 refugees could be housed on Guam, and the first arrivals on 23 April were placed in apartments. The numbers, however, reached 20,000 on 27 April, exceeding the capacity of existing housing. The
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50,450 - more than one-half the number of permanent residents of the island. Most of the Vietnamese would spend only two or three weeks on Guam before being transported to the United States or, in a few cases, to other countries.
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in Florida. There, the U.S. military provided them food and temporary housing while the IATF and charitable organizations gave them language and cultural training and sought sponsors and locations for their resettlement in
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Temporary Facilities, 4.5.1.1 Role in the Cold War, Regional Cold War History for DOD Installations in Guam and Northern Mariana Islands, Jayne Aaron, July 2011, Department of Defense Legacy Program , p. 4-26 (94/198)
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The objective of the evacuation of South Vietnamese had been to remove U.S. government employees and their families, and Vietnamese with close associations with the United States, who were in danger of
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insistent in their demands to return, including staging demonstrations and threatening violence and suicide. In September 1975, Julia Taft recommended that the Vietnamese be given the merchant ship
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unloaded at Andersen Air Force Base. Passengers were escorted to Tent City, where tents erected just hours before awaited them. Those who fled Vietnam by sea landed at the Naval Supply Station at
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for departure. Those declining to return, numbering 45, were escorted to the mostly-empty refugee camps for onward transportation to the U.S. The total number of Vietnamese crowded onto the
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States will never be known." The majority of the Vietnamese on Guam were from the educated elite of the country. Twenty percent had attended a university; 40 percent were
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for Americans, nationals of allied countries, Vietnamese children or adults who had worked for or been closely associated with the U.S. during the Vietnam War.
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returnees were nearly the last Vietnamese refugees on Guam. The camps there were closed on 23 October and Operation New Life terminated on 1 November 1975.
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More than 130,000 Vietnamese were evacuated from South Vietnam by air and sea during the last few days of April. A few went to other locations, such as
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within Naval Base Guam. At its peak it held a population of 39,331. The camp, called Camp Rainbow, was staffed by units from the U.S.
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used his authority to grant parole status to the Vietnamese, which allowed them to enter the United States and remain permanently.
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that flew from Andersen. The complex included dormitory and latrine facilities which were quickly made ready by base personnel.
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was adopted on 23 May 1975. This act allocated funding of $ 305 million for the State Department and $ 100 million for HEW.
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declined to accept the Vietnamese evacuees, fearing that they would have them on their soil permanently. However, Governor
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for a few weeks while being processed for resettlement. The great majority of the refugees were resettled in the
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By 20 December 1975 all the Vietnamese had been resettled in every state and in several foreign countries.
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U.S. Marines in Vietnam: The Bitter End, 1973–1975 (Marine Corps Vietnam Operational Historical Series)
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Kelly, Gail P. "Coping with America. Refugees from Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos in the 1970s and 1980s"
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and allowed to depart Guam for Vietnam. The U.S. Navy renovated the ship for the voyage to Vietnam.
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behind, the soldiers and sailors requested—then demanded—that they be allowed to return to Vietnam.
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Admiral Morrison would later call Operation New Life the most satisfying assignment of his career.
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Vietnam-style steel drum toilets, which were immediately overwhelmed. The Seabee project list:
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Guam had a substantial U.S. military presence to care for the Vietnamese refugees.
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military were reimbursed from the funds appropriated to the IATF of which the
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was 1,546, of whom most were men whose families were in Vietnam. The
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Although not classified legally as "refugees" under international
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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The Vietnamese on Guam were flown to one of four military bases:
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http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE-89/pdf/STATUTE-89-Pg89.pdf
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Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
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Non-combat military operations involving the United States
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on the northern end of the island was the U.S.'s biggest
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http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/ew_life.htm
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to head Operation New Life. Later he was replaced by
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over 17,000 feet (5,200 m) of fencing installed
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To finance Operation New Life the 16:Evacuation of Vietnamese refugees in 1975 3285: 3089:Fort Lewis, WA the 423rd Medical Company 2968: 2891: 20: 3266: 2935:by the victorious North Vietnamese and 2792:In April 1975, as the North Vietnamese 3436: 3397: 3386: 3364:Vol. 487 (September 1986), pp. 138–149 3294: 2896:An aerial view of the refugee camp at 3223: 3221: 3219: 3217: 3027:3,546 strong back squad tents erected 2811:To deal with the refugees, President 2629:Bo De River, Nha Trang, Tha Cau River 39: 3138:departed Guam on 16 October 1975. 3333:Operation Newlife: The Untold Story 13: 3214: 14: 3505: 3259:"Public Law 94-24", 23 May 1975. 3484:Immigration to the United States 3416: 3286:Thompson, Larry Clinton (2010). 3241: 3347:United States. Congress. House, 3067:, an abandoned airstrip on the 3063:. The tent camp was located on 3036:two hospital facilities erected 2758:evacuated before and after the 3367: 3354: 3325: 3312: 3253: 3024:25 Southeast Asia huts erected 2973:Camp Fourtuitous on Guam, 1975 2958:United States Attorney General 1: 3207: 2781: 1245:New Year's Day battle of 1968 3489:Aftermath of the Vietnam War 3156: 2851:. On April 23, Rear Admiral 1310:Joint General Staff Compound 1300:Cholon and Phu Tho Racetrack 642:Thayer, Irving and Thayer II 7: 3479:Vietnamese-American history 3290:. MacFarland & Company. 3185: 3030:additional berthing – 3,381 3021:electrical system installed 3018:450 acres of jungle cleared 2887: 1238:Tet Offensive and aftermath 10: 3510: 3077:Schofield Barracks, Hawaii 2785: 2679:Lists of allied operations 3398:Dunham, George R (1990). 3053:Lockheed C-141 Starlifter 3045:148 new showers installed 2941:South Vietnamese military 2762:, the closing day of the 2111:Cambodia and Mekong Delta 81: 3091:and intelligence teams. 2794:People's Army of Vietnam 2788:Indochina refugee crisis 1694:DMZ Campaign (1969–1971) 1687:Vietnamization 1969–1971 929:Malheur I and Malheur II 3192:Operation Frequent Wind 3061:NAS Agana, Brewer Field 3057:Lockheed C-130 Hercules 3039:400 restrooms installed 2985:Airlifts from Saigon's 2867:Andersen Air Force Base 2853:George Stephen Morrison 2806:Operation Frequent Wind 207:Dương Liễu – Nhông Pass 3322:, accessed 20 Dec 2013 3263:, accessed 26 Dec 2013 3202:Operation New Arrivals 3180:Operation New Arrivals 3085:27th Infantry Regiment 3073:25th Infantry Division 2974: 2965:Military participation 2909: 1315:Bien Hoa and Long Binh 33: 3380:1 August 2019 at the 3318:"Operation New Life" 3173:in Pennsylvania, and 3081:5th Infantry Regiment 2987:Tan Son Nhut Air Base 2980:Department of Defense 2972: 2895: 2786:Further information: 2516:Tan Son Nhut Air Base 1852:Montgomery Rendezvous 1735:Massachusetts Striker 1305:Tan Son Nhut Air Base 239:American intervention 24: 3175:Eglin Air Force Base 3033:nine galleys erected 2835:Nearby countries in 691:Tan Son Nhut airbase 69:Military engagements 3464:Vietnamese refugees 3459:Vietnamese diaspora 3171:Fort Indiantown Gap 3104:Viet Nam Thuong Tin 3083:and 1st Battalion, 2818:Department of State 2163:Paris Peace Accords 1943:Pennsylvania Square 1597:Phase III Offensive 1492:Landing Zone Center 606:Baton Rouge Victory 3308:. 8 December 2008. 3306:The New York Times 3197:Operation Babylift 2975: 2910: 2802:Operation Babylift 2748:Operation New Life 2277:Fall of 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Taft 2819: 2814: 2809: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2798:South Vietnam 2795: 2789: 2779: 2777: 2773: 2772:United States 2769: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2737: 2734: 2732: 2729: 2727: 2724: 2722: 2719: 2717: 2714: 2712: 2709: 2707: 2704: 2702: 2699: 2697: 2694: 2692: 2689: 2687: 2684: 2683: 2682: 2681: 2680: 2673: 2670: 2668: 2665: 2663: 2662: 2658: 2656: 2655: 2654:Custom Tailor 2651: 2649: 2648: 2644: 2642: 2639: 2637: 2636: 2632: 2630: 2627: 2625: 2624: 2620: 2618: 2617: 2613: 2611: 2608: 2606: 2605: 2601: 2599: 2598: 2594: 2592: 2591: 2587: 2585: 2582: 2580: 2579: 2575: 2573: 2570: 2567: 2566: 2561: 2560: 2556: 2555: 2554: 2553: 2552: 2545: 2544: 2543:Frequent Wind 2540: 2538: 2537: 2533: 2531: 2530: 2526: 2524: 2523: 2519: 2517: 2514: 2512: 2511: 2507: 2505: 2504: 2503: 2502:Linebacker II 2498: 2496: 2495: 2491: 2489: 2488: 2487: 2482: 2480: 2479: 2475: 2473: 2472: 2468: 2466: 2465: 2461: 2459: 2458: 2454: 2452: 2451: 2447: 2445: 2444: 2443:Commando Hunt 2440: 2438: 2437: 2433: 2431: 2430: 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Retrieved 3163:Fort Chaffee 3160: 3150: 3148: 3142: 3140: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3124: 3119: 3112: 3108: 3103: 3097: 3093: 3051: 3009: 3006: 3002: 2996: 2984: 2976: 2954: 2946: 2929: 2920: 2911: 2879: 2864: 2857: 2834: 2810: 2791: 2775: 2747: 2746: 2677: 2676: 2660: 2653: 2647:Pocket Money 2646: 2633: 2621: 2614: 2602: 2597:Double Eagle 2595: 2588: 2576: 2563: 2557: 2549: 2548: 2541: 2534: 2528: 2527: 2520: 2508: 2501: 2499: 2494:Enhance Plus 2492: 2486:Linebacker I 2485: 2483: 2476: 2471:Freedom Deal 2469: 2462: 2455: 2448: 2441: 2434: 2427: 2415: 2408: 2396: 2389: 2382: 2375: 2368: 2361: 2359: 2352: 2347:Flaming Dart 2345: 2340:Pony Express 2338: 2331: 2326:Pierce Arrow 2324: 2317: 2310: 2303: 2295: 2294: 2282: 2275: 2269: 2257: 2251:Ban Me Thuot 2250: 2241: 2240: 2186:Tong Le Chon 2160: 2159: 2141: 2103: 2097: 2096: 2084: 2072: 2066:FSB Mary Ann 2058: 2051: 2044: 2042: 2028: 2021: 2017:Son Tay Raid 2009: 2002: 1995: 1988: 1978:Chicago Peak 1976: 1969: 1962: 1955: 1948: 1941: 1934: 1920: 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1782:Geneva Park 1768:Atlas Wedge 1651:Meade River 1583:Quyet Chien 1487:West Saigon 1469:Allen Brook 1455:Scotland II 1399:Quyet Thang 1361:Coronado XI 1209:Yellowstone 1144:Coronado IX 1051:Dragon Fire 1037:Coronado IV 1011:Coronado II 885:Prairie III 853:Beaver Cage 746:Sam Houston 724:Cedar Falls 716:Deckhouse V 541:Nathan Hale 494:Crazy Horse 487:Paul Revere 400:Silver City 386:Cocoa Beach 74:Vietnam War 72:during the 27:Orote Field 3438:Categories 3208:References 3151:Thuong Tin 3143:Thuong Tin 3136:Thuong Tin 3132:Thuong Tin 3128:Thuong Tin 3120:Thuong Tin 2800:, such as 2782:Background 2776:Thuong Tin 2616:Sea Dragon 2536:Eagle Pull 2510:Homecoming 2398:Shed Light 2319:Ranch Hand 2236:Phước Long 2226:Thượng Đức 2211:Svay Rieng 2196:Ap Da Bien 2080:Long Khánh 1957:Elk Canyon 1922:Texas Star 1761:Maine Crag 1742:Wayne Grey 1624:Thượng Đức 1295:US Embassy 1277:Coronado X 1195:Manchester 1067:Coronado V 1018:Hood River 984:The Slopes 913:Kingfisher 892:Prairie IV 878:Prairie II 760:Enterprise 664:Shenandoah 522:Lam Son II 466:Birmingham 3157:Aftermath 3008:USS  2995:USS  2937:Viet Cong 2873:base and 2661:End Sweep 2404:Thanh Hoa 2377:Arc Light 2354:Iron Hand 2305:Farm Gate 2264:Phan Rang 2201:Quang Duc 2086:Chenla II 1859:Utah Mesa 1630:Maui Peak 1354:Hop Tac I 1327:Quảng Trị 1216:Muscatine 1137:Lancaster 1114:MacArthur 1101:Ong Thanh 978:Concordia 936:Kole Kole 860:Con Thien 841:Manhattan 650:Attleboro 529:Hawthorne 508:Hardihood 480:Austin IV 453:Xa Cam My 335:Van Buren 232:Dong Xoai 165:Kien Long 160:Long Dinh 105:Đồng Khởi 3378:Archived 3186:See also 2950:Catholic 2888:Refugees 2881:Typhoons 2756:refugees 2672:East Sea 2641:Đồng Hới 2635:Sealords 2568:stations 2529:New Life 2522:Babylift 2423:Yen Vien 2270:Xuân Lộc 2206:Tri Phap 2181:Hồng Ngự 2176:Cửa Việt 2121:Loc Ninh 2011:Tailwind 1990:Chenla I 1657:Hat Dich 1618:Vinh Loc 1514:Kham Duc 1462:Delaware 1418:Carentan 1346:Lo Giang 1269:Lang Vei 1258:Khe Sanh 1202:Saratoga 1179:Napoleon 1158:Santa Fe 1004:Coronado 971:Billings 950:Union II 922:Crockett 906:Kentucky 801:Suoi Tre 753:Pershing 685:Geronimo 613:Amarillo 599:Long Tan 588:Colorado 562:Hastings 535:Hill 488 440:Jackstay 433:Fillmore 379:Harrison 372:New York 321:Marauder 293:Ia Drang 280:Gang Toi 250:Starlite 212:Qui Nhơn 196:Binh Gia 185:Nam Dong 148:Hiep Hoa 99:Biên Hòa 3235:11 June 2997:Proteus 2924:Seabees 2900:on the 2824:of the 2731:1973–74 2429:Niagara 2312:Chopper 2231:Phú Lộc 2221:Duc Duc 1893:LZ Kate 1846:Binh Ba 1755:Ben Het 1722:2nd Tet 1603:Duc Lap 1563:Binh An 1425:Pegasus 1375:Patrick 1368:Houston 1332:Bến Tre 1290:Da Nang 1187:Phoenix 1130:Osceola 1081:Bolling 957:Dragnet 899:Buffalo 871:Hickory 820:Lejeune 739:Gadsden 697:Fairfax 671:Atlanta 581:Prairie 515:Wahiawa 501:El Paso 459:Georgia 426:Lincoln 360:Mastiff 268:Plei Me 263:An Ninh 257:Piranha 222:Sông Bé 143:Go Cong 123:Sunrise 111:Chopper 3408:  3351:, p. 5 3010:Hector 2908:, 1975 2849:Saigon 2845:asylum 2562:& 2559:Yankee 2417:Popeye 2136:Kontum 2126:An Lộc 2092:Nui Le 1497:An Bao 1482:Dai Do 1411:Walker 1381:Tam Kỳ 1339:Coburg 1251:McLain 1230:Auburn 1151:Neosho 1121:Dak To 1088:Medina 1030:Benton 772:Bribie 732:Desoto 634:Seward 594:Duc Co 412:Oregon 227:Ba Gia 217:Ka Nak 190:An Lao 137:Ấp Bắc 130:Shufly 3075:from 2610:PIRAZ 2565:Dixie 2464:Patio 2161:Post- 2036:Snuol 1557:Robin 1165:Essex 1074:Kunia 1044:Swift 964:Akron 834:Baker 827:Union 796:Ap Gu 555:Macon 419:Texas 406:A Sau 328:Crimp 177:USNS 3406:ISBN 3237:2020 3149:The 3113:The 3102:The 3055:and 2956:The 2906:Guam 2871:B-52 2804:and 2752:Guam 2736:1975 2726:1972 2721:1971 2716:1970 2711:1969 2706:1968 2701:1967 2696:1966 2691:1965 2686:1964 2457:Menu 2410:Bolo 2098:1972 1569:Thor 709:1967 620:Byrd 393:Utah 314:1966 274:Hump 243:1965 179:Card 92:Laos 31:Guam 1321:Hue 864:DMZ 604:SS 548:Jay 154:34A 3440:: 3388:^ 3340:^ 3296:^ 3268:^ 3216:^ 2904:, 2778:. 29:, 3425:. 3414:. 3250:. 3239:. 862:/ 808:) 784:( 59:e 52:t 45:v

Index


Orote Field
Guam
v
t
e
Military engagements
Vietnam War
Guerrilla phase
Laos
Biên Hòa
Đồng Khởi
Chopper
Palace Bombing
Sunrise
Shufly
Ấp Bắc
Go Cong
Hiep Hoa
34A
Long Dinh
Kien Long
Quyet Thang 202
USNS Card
Nam Dong
An Lao
Binh Gia
Camp Holloway
Dương Liễu – Nhông Pass
Qui Nhơn

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