497:), grew under his hands until it became a general history of his own age. Saint-Evroul was a house of wealth and distinction. War-worn knights chose it as a resting place for their last years. It routinely entertained visitors from southern Italy, where it had established new foundations, and from England, where it had extensive possessions. Thus Orderic, though he witnessed no great events, could be well informed about them. Orderic is a vivid narrator; his character sketches are admirable as summaries of current estimates. His narrative is full of digressions that surprise readers who expect a strictly chronological ordering of events, but it has been argued that the digressions reflect Orderic's sense of the connections between events (between the foundation of Saint-Evroul and the Norman Conquest of Southern Italy, for example) and his desire to include as much of his monastic colleagues' memories in his
51:
1232:
343:
the identity of his mother is unknown, it is known that she was
English and Orderic idenfified with this heritage. Despite this, historians such as Marjorie Chibnall have inferred an animosity toward his mother from the omission of mention of her in his writings, whereas he expressed admiration for his father in his writings
376:
for their son's admission; he expresses the conviction that they imposed this exile upon him from an earnest desire for his welfare. Odelerius's respect for the monastic life is attested to by his own entry, a few years later, into a monastery which the earl had founded at his persuasion. Orderic, on
342:
whereby clerics who were already married were allowed to keep their wives, while marriage was henceforth forbidden for unmarried clerics. As a result, Odelerius was able to retain his family. Orderic was one of the few monks who were of mixed parentage as his mother was of
English heritage. Although
666:
often were waiting for their inheritance to come about or others who hoped to increase their standing through their service to a household. This would explain why we see the subject of inheritance and right to rule in his works. Orderic echoed the reasoning of
William's conquest while still taking
657:
Throughout his writings, Orderic spoke on a great deal of secular topics ranging from the violence of Norman conquest, the right to rule and inheritance, the strength of government, the make up of various courts and their military structure. Most of these writings were produced during the reign of
501:
as possible. It would thus be a truly collective work. Orderic relays much invaluable information not provided by more methodical chroniclers. He throws a flood of light upon the manners and ideas of his own age, and he sometimes comments with shrewdness upon the broader aspects and tendencies of
633:
Orderic addressed both contemporaries and future generations, intending for his work to be studied by monks and novices learning about the history of the monastery and its benefactors. The work as a whole was not widely read in the Middle Ages, though individual parts of it were popular and
502:
history. His narrative breaks off in the middle of 1141, though he added some finishing touches in 1142. He reports that he was then old and infirm (that year he would have reached the age of 67 years); he probably did not long survive the completion of his great work.
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whom he believed to have used the mission of the crusades as an excuse to gain power for himself. He also spoke on the role of clerics in the battlefield. He emphasized his reasoning for only contributing to violence on behalf of the king, laymen, or other clerics.
452:
for the abbey. As librarian he catalogued the large collection of works at Saint-Evroul's library and provided edits to some of the works himself. His role as cantor included overseeing daily liturgy and duties of officials during mass at the abbey.
413:) because they found it difficult to pronounce his English baptismal name of Orderic, a name he says was the same as the priest who baptised him. In the title of his great chronicle, he prefixes the old to the new name and proudly adds the epithet
667:
issue with several aspects of the conquest. Specifically, he spoke on the acquisitions of
English lands by Norman lords, describing the acquisitions as plunder. On the subject of plunder, Orderic stands out amongst his peers for his critique of
536:
Books iii through vi form a history of Saint-Evroul, the original nucleus of the work. Planned before 1122, they were mainly composed in the years 1123–1131. The fourth and fifth books contain long digressions on the deeds of
675:
Orderic's thoughts on marriage permeated into his writing, probably from the experience he had with his father's clerical marriage and the absence of his mother. One example of his marriage views come from the arrangement of
466:, a broad history of the Normans and their dukes from the founding of Normandy, which Orderic carried forward into the early twelfth century. He also added information about earlier periods from other sources, for example
1170:
O'Donnell, Thomas (2016). "Meanders, Loops, and Dead Ends: Literary Form and the Common Life in
Orderic's Historia ecclesiastica". In Rozier, Charles C.; Roach, Daniel; Gasper, Giles E. M.; van Houts, Elisabeth (eds.).
448:. Eventually Orderic earned the position of master scribe, copying numerous works as well as overseeing and working with other scribes at the monastery. According to Charles Rozier, Orderic also served as librarian and
296:, he also was able to ascend to various positions within the church including script master, librarian, and cantor. A prolific writer, he addressed various topics in his writings, both religious and secular
561:, and is therefore of the first importance. From 1071, he begins to be an independent authority. Notices of political events in this part of his work are far less copious than in the later books.
1272:
688:, Orderic wrote disparagingly of Fulk's character in recognition of how she was being used for the sake of power. When Bertrade eloped with the already married
1371:
292:
into his own age. The son of a cleric, he was born into a noble family, claiming both
English and Norman heritage. While he is known primarily for the
1247:
662:. Much of Orderic's intended audience included knights and nobility who would have had a vested interest in these topics. Knights that frequented the
389:. His book, though written many years later, shows that he never lost his English cast of mind or his attachment to the country of his birth.
564:
Books vii through xiii relegate ecclesiastical affairs to the background. In this section, after sketching the history of France under the
254:
474:, and included information not found elsewhere. As Orderic used Norman sources but wrote from an English perspective, his account of the
1256:
1351:
1346:
161:
1291:
1162:
Nakashian, Craig M. “Orderic
Vitalis and Henry of Huntingdon: Views of Clerical Warfare from Inside and Outside the Cloister.” In
1068:
Nakashian, Craig M, “Orderic
Vitalis and Henry of Huntingdon: Views of Clerical Warfare from Inside and Outside the Cloister,” In
1029:
Nakashian, Craig M, “Orderic
Vitalis and Henry of Huntingdon: Views of Clerical Warfare from Inside and Outside the Cloister,” In
1391:
1356:
1297:
692:, he changed his tone and admonished them all, describing Bertrade as a concubine and Fulk and Philip I both as adulterers.
444:(1132). He turned his attention at an early date to literature, and for many years appears to have spent his summers in the
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Clerical marriage during the 11th century was slowly being restricted throughout Europe and resistance that officials in
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dynasties, Orderic takes up the events of his own times, starting from about 1082. He has much to say concerning the
357:. Orderic received from Siward a basic education in reading and writing as well as the history of the English people.
17:
1396:
630:(cartularies or collections of charters) of various Norman monastic houses as sources for his historical writings.
372:, which Montgomery had formerly despoiled but, in his later years, was loading with gifts. The parents paid thirty
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The first written
European ghost story appears in book II of the Ecclesiastical History and is transcribed here
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When Orderic was five, his parents sent him to an English monk, Siward by name, who kept a school in the
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596:, but with notable alterations). But his chief interest is in the histories of the three brothers:
335:
517:, described as the greatest English social history of the Middle Ages, falls into three sections:
685:
50:
875:
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum of William of Jumièges, Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni, vol.i
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is usually cited by abbreviation of the author's name rather than the title; that is, either as
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Church and Government in the Middle Ages: Essays Presented to C. R. Cheney on his 70th Birthday
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ed. Radoslaw Kotecki, Jacek Maciejewski, and John S. Ott. Leiden (NL: Brill, 2018), 162-163.
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At some time between 1110 and 1115, Orderic's superiors ordered him to write the history of
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Van Houts, Elisabeth; William of Jumièges; Vitalis, Orderic; Robert of Torigni (May 1992).
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1166:, edited by Radoslaw Kotecki, Jacek Maciejewski, and John S. Ott. Leiden, NL: Brill, 2018.
8:
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589:
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31:
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ed. Radoslaw Kotecki, Jacek Maciejewski, and John S. Ott. Leiden (NL: Brill, 2018), 163.
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in Normandy and England. Before 1067 these are chiefly derived from two extant sources:
30:"Orderic" redirects here. For the Italian Franciscan friar and missionary explorer, see
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Rozier, Charles C., Daniel Roach, Giles E.M. Gasper, and Elisabeth van Houts, eds.
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Rozier, Charles C., Daniel Roach, Giles E.M. Gasper, and Elisabeth van Houts, eds.
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Rozier, Charles C., Daniel Roach, Giles E.M. Gasper, and Elisabeth van Houts, eds.
533:. These books Orderic added in 1136–1141 as an afterthought to the original scheme.
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1104:(1976). "Charter and Chronicle: The Use of Archive Sources by Norman Historians".
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608:. He continues his work, in the form of annals, up to the defeat and capture of
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to take a more cautious approach. This led to a policy announced in 1076 by the
1308:. Bohn's antiquarian library. Vol. 4 vols., 1853–1856. London: H. G. Bohn.
1148:. Frost, Amanda Clark (editor). New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press.
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in 1107. He left his cloister on several occasions, speaking of having visited
402:
239:
1070:
Between Sword and Prayer: Warfare and Medieval Clergy in Cultural Perspective,
1031:
Between Sword and Prayer: Warfare and Medieval Clergy in Cultural Perspective,
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1238:
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Between Sword and Prayer: Warfare and Medieval Clergy in Cultural Perspective
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is balanced, he is sympathetic to both sides. This attitude persists in his
1113:
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223:
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The ecclesiastical history of England and Normandy. By Ordericus Vitalis
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1260:. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 188.
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79:
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1116:(editors). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–18.
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Orderic's first literary efforts were a continuation and revision of
262:
133:
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386:
320:. He was followed by his two younger brothers Benedict and Everard.
266:
1237:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
557:. For the years 1067–1071 Orderic follows the lost portion of the
1265:
Latin Chroniclers from the Eleventh to the Thirteenth Centuries:
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1217:
The Written World: Past and place in the work of Orderic Vitalis
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Roach, Daniel (2016). "Orderic Vitalis and the First Crusade".
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1219:(Notre Dame, Indiana, University of Notre Dame Press, 2009).
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327:, and had received from his patron a chapel there in 1082.
316:, England, the eldest son of a French priest, Odelerius of
128:
1204:, 6 volumes (Oxford, 1968–1980) (Oxford Medieval Texts),
521:
Books i and ii give the history of Christianity from the
1273:
The Cambridge History of English and American Literature
1179:
Rozier, Charles C., Daniel Roach, Giles E.M. Gasper and
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the other hand, felt for some time, as he asserts, like
1310:, trans. by Thomas Forester, with an introduction by
334:
faced from the clerical community in 1072 caused the
1140:
988:
The Ecclesiastical History of Orderic Vitalis, vol.i
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The Ecclesiastical History of Orderic Vitalis, vol.i
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The Ecclesiastical History of Orderic Vitalis, vol.i
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834:. Vol. III. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 6.
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The Ecclesiastical History of Orderic Vitalis, vol.i
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The Ecclesiastical History of Orderic Vitalis, vol.1
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55:Modern plaque commemorating Orderic Vitalis at the
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986:Chibnall, Marjorie; Vitalis, Orderic (1969–1980).
971:Chibnall, Marjorie; Vitalis, Orderic (1969–1980).
845:Chibnall, Marjorie; Vitalis, Orderic (1969–1980).
830:Chibnall, Marjorie; Vitalis, Orderic (1969–1980).
794:Chibnall, Marjorie; Vitalis, Orderic (1969–1980).
766:Chibnall, Marjorie; Vitalis, Orderic (1969–1980).
300:Modern historians view him as a reliable source.
1318:
1185:Orderic Vitalis: Life, Works and Interpretations
1173:Orderic Vitalis: Life, Work, and Interpretations
877:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. lxix, lxxiv.
861:Orderic Vitalis: Life, Works and Interpretations
802:
741:Orderic Vitalis: Life, Works and Interpretations
725:Orderic Vitalis: Life, Works and Interpretations
1004:(Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press, 1984), 118-127.
401:as a monk, his monastic superiors gave him the
360:At the age of ten, Orderic was entrusted as an
284:a work detailing the history of Europe and the
1175:. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. pp. 298–323.
405:of "Vitalis" (after a member of the legendary
1202:The Ecclesiastical History of Orderic Vitalis
1169:
863:(Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press, 2016), 66-67.
832:The Ecclesiastical History of Orderic Vitalis
525:. After 855 this becomes a bare catalogue of
505:
381:in a strange land. He did not know a word of
261:monk who wrote one of the great contemporary
1088:(Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press, 1984), 129.
1059:(Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press, 1984), 127.
1046:(Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press, 1984), 126.
1020:(Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press, 1984), 123.
975:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 35, 39.
325:Roger de Montgomery, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury
27:English monk and historian (1075 – c. 1142)
1372:12th-century French Roman Catholic priests
951:
784:(Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press, 1984), 11.
743:(Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press, 2016), 57.
727:(Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press, 2016), 20.
49:
1282:excerpts translated by Marjorie Chibnall.
756:(Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press, 1984), 9.
308:Orderic was born on 16 February 1075 in
162:Historia ecclesiastica (Orderic Vitalis)
1294:excerpts translated by Thomas Forester.
990:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 113.
759:
397:When Orderic reached the legal age for
14:
1319:
849:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 24.
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798:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 6.
770:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 2.
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323:Odelerius had entered the service of
706:
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24:
1288:excerpts translated by David Burr.
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1187:(Woodbridge, Boydell Press, 2016).
1112:, Luscombe, D. E., Martin, G. H.,
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900:O'Donnell, "Meanders," pp. 298–301
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624:states that Orderic used now-lost
280:, he is credited with writing the
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957:Chibnall "Charter and Chronicle"
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684:, arranged for Bertrade to marry
598:Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy
1352:English people of French descent
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1292:(Orderic) The Norman Conquest
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1135:The World of Orderic Vitalis
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464:Gesta normannorum ducum
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639:Historia Ecclesiastica
588:(for which he follows
515:Historia Ecclesiastica
508:Historia Ecclesiastica
495:Ecclesiastical History
491:Historia Ecclesiastica
480:Historia Ecclesiastica
294:Historia Ecclesiastica
282:Historia Ecclesiatica,
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959:Church and Government
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664:Abbey of Saint-Evroul
539:William the Conqueror
366:Abbey of Saint-Evroul
340:Council of Winchester
278:Abbey of Saint-Evroul
276:. Working out of the
246:; 16 February 1075 –
57:Abbey of Saint-Evroul
1362:English Benedictines
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1286:(Orderic) On Henry I
1276:, Volume I, 1907–21.
1142:Hollister, C. Warren
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1102:Chibnall, Marjorie
680:. When her uncle,
653:Secular commentary
610:Stephen of England
606:Henry I of England
420:Orderic became a
417:("English-born").
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1199:
1196:
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1186:
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1155:0-300-08858-2
1151:
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1123:0-521-21172-7
1119:
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1114:Owen, Dorothy
1111:
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1065:
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833:
826:
819:
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769:
762:
755:
749:
742:
736:
734:
726:
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713:
707:
705:
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693:
691:
687:
686:Fulk of Anjou
683:
679:
673:
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665:
661:
650:
648:
644:
640:
635:
631:
629:
628:
623:
615:
611:
607:
603:
602:William Rufus
599:
595:
591:
587:
586:First Crusade
583:
579:
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431:
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412:
408:
407:Theban Legion
404:
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393:Monastic life
390:
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375:
371:
367:
363:
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352:
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341:
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328:
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315:
311:
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299:
295:
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287:
286:Mediterranean
283:
279:
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268:
264:
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245:
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202:Jean of Reims
199:
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125:
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120:Occupation(s)
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
89:
85:
81:
77:
67:
63:
58:
52:
47:
40:
37:
33:
19:
1342:1140s deaths
1304:
1271:
1266:
1255:
1216:
1201:
1184:
1172:
1163:
1145:
1134:
1105:
1085:
1069:
1064:
1056:
1051:
1043:
1038:
1030:
1025:
1017:
1001:
996:
987:
981:
972:
966:
958:
953:
928:
924:
918:
910:
905:
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868:
860:
855:
846:
840:
831:
825:
795:
789:
781:
776:
767:
761:
753:
748:
740:
724:
719:
711:
674:
660:King Henry I
656:
646:
643:Ord. Vitalis
642:
638:
636:
634:circulated.
632:
625:
619:
558:
554:
546:
514:
512:
507:
498:
494:
490:
487:Saint-Evroul
484:
479:
471:
463:
457:
454:
419:
414:
396:
358:
348:
344:
329:
321:
307:
297:
293:
290:Jesus Christ
281:
271:Anglo-Norman
235:
234:
215:Organization
160:
156:Notable work
36:
1337:1075 births
566:Carolingian
446:scriptorium
442:Cluny Abbey
440:(1105) and
259:Benedictine
251: 1142
224:Benedictine
141:(1093–1107)
136:(1091–1093)
126:(1085–1090)
101:Ouche Abbey
93:1142 (aged
1321:Categories
909:Hollister
818:Davis 1911
710:Hollister
568:and early
531:Innocent I
399:profession
355:Shrewsbury
314:Shropshire
304:Early life
263:chronicles
149:Chronicler
59:, Normandy
1246:(1911). "
961:pp. 12–13
945:159950014
647:Ord. Vit.
627:pancartes
434:Worcester
415:Angligena
253:) was an
134:Subdeacon
1144:(2001).
616:in 1141.
584:and the
430:Croyland
387:Normandy
267:Normandy
197:Teachers
191:Catholic
187:Religion
182:Personal
1254:(ed.).
1241::
1146:Henry I
1095:Sources
911:Henry I
889:Henry I
712:Henry I
614:Lincoln
499:History
438:Cambrai
368:in the
364:to the
318:Orléans
274:England
210:Vitalis
164:
69:Orderic
1250:". In
1235:
1208:
1183:(eds)
1152:
1120:
943:
580:, the
578:papacy
576:, the
574:Empire
450:cantor
426:priest
422:deacon
383:French
379:Joseph
362:oblate
310:Atcham
200:Siward
170:Father
144:Priest
139:Deacon
124:Oblate
76:Atcham
1270:from
941:S2CID
696:Notes
570:Capet
527:popes
374:marks
332:Rouen
240:Latin
220:Order
80:Salop
1206:ISBN
1150:ISBN
1118:ISBN
913:p. 5
891:p. 5
714:p. 6
637:The
604:and
592:and
549:and
513:The
506:The
269:and
257:and
129:Monk
87:Died
65:Born
933:doi
645:or
612:at
409:of
353:at
97:67)
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1077:^
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248:c.
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91:c.
78:,
1212:.
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935::
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238:(
34:.
20:)
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