2073:—the rainy season—occurring between early June and late July. The average starting and ending dates of the rainy season are June 7 and July 21 respectively. Summers are very hot and humid. In August, the hottest month, the average daily high temperature reaches 33.7 °C (93 °F), while average nighttime low temperatures typically hover around 25.8 °C (78 °F). Fall in Osaka sees a cooling trend, with the early part of the season resembling summer while the latter part of fall resembles winter. Precipitation is abundant, with winter being the driest season, while monthly rainfall peaks in June with the "tsuyu" rainy season, which typically ends in mid to late July. From late July through the end of August, summer's heat and humidity peaks, and rainfall decreases somewhat. Osaka experiences a second rainy period in September and early October, when tropical weather systems, including typhoons, coming from the south or southwest are possible.
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2001:, in the northwest. The city occupies a larger area (about 13%) than any other city or village within Osaka Prefecture. When the city was established in 1889, it occupied roughly the area known today as the Chuo and Nishi wards, only 15.27 square kilometres (6 sq mi) that would eventually grow into today's 222.30 square kilometres (86 sq mi) via incremental expansions, the largest of which being a single 126.01-square-kilometre (49 sq mi) expansion in 1925. Osaka's highest point is 37.5 metres (123.0 ft) Tokyo Peil in
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5537:. Osaka is known for its fine sake, which is made with fresh water from the prefecture's mountains. Osaka's culinary prevalence is the result of a location that has provided access to high-quality ingredients, a high population of merchants, and proximity to the ocean and waterway trade. In recent years, Osaka has started to garner more attention from foreigners with the increased popularity of cooking and dining in popular culture.
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samurai culture, and saw themselves as poor but generous, chaste, and public spirited. Edo writers by contrast saw "zeeroku" as obsequious apprentices, stingy, greedy, gluttonous, and lewd. To some degree, Osaka residents are still stigmatized by Tokyo observers in the same way today, especially in terms of gluttony, evidenced in the phrase, "Residents of Osaka devour their food until they collapse"
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1564:, led a peasant insurrection in response to the city's unwillingness to support the many poor and suffering families in the area. Approximately one-quarter of the city was razed before shogunal officials put down the rebellion, after which Ōshio killed himself. Osaka was opened to foreign trade by the government of the
2052:), with four distinct seasons. Its winters are generally mild, with January being the coldest month having an average high of 9.7 °C (49 °F). The city rarely sees snowfall during the winter. Spring in Osaka starts off mild, but ends up being hot and humid. It also tends to be Osaka's wettest season, with the
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Osaka serves as one of the media hubs for Japan, housing headquarters of many media-related companies. Abundant television production takes place in the city and every nationwide TV network (with the exception of TXN network) registers its secondary-key station in Osaka. All five nationwide newspaper
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district. Buried human skeletons and a kaizuka (a mound containing remains), were found as well as shell mounds, oysters, and other interesting archeological discoveries from the Jomon period. In addition to the remains of consumed food, there were arrow heads, stone tools, fishing hooks and crockery
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Osaka contains numerous urban canals and bridges, many of which serve as the namesake for their surrounding neighborhoods. The phrase "808 bridges of Naniwa" was an expression in old Japan used to indicate impressiveness and the "uncountable". Osaka numbered roughly 200 bridges by the Edo period and
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which he founded. The referendum of May 17, 2015 called in Osaka for the approval of this project saw the narrow victory of no, and consequently
Hashimoto announced his withdrawal from politics. A second referendum for a merger into 4 semi-autonomous wards was narrowly voted down by 692,996 (50.6%).
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to break its dependence on nuclear power. In a letter to KEPCO they also requested to disclose information on the demand and supply of electricity, and for lower and stable prices. The three cities were stockholders of the plant: Osaka owned 9% of the shares, while Kobe had 3% and Kyoto 0.45%. Toru
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In the decades after World War II, the reconstruction plan and the industriousness of its inhabitants ensured Osaka even greater prosperity than it had before the war. Osaka's population regrew to more than three million in the 1960s when large-scale prefectural suburbanization began and doubled to
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Like its
European and American counterparts, Osaka displayed slums, unemployment, and poverty. In Japan it was here that municipal government first introduced a comprehensive system of poverty relief, copied in part from British models. Osaka policymakers stressed the importance of family formation
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The rapid industrialization attracted many Asian immigrants (Indians, Chinese, and
Koreans), who set up a life apart for themselves. The political system was pluralistic, with a strong emphasis on promoting industrialization and modernization. Literacy was high and the educational system expanded
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The gross city product of Osaka in fiscal year 2004 was ¥21.3 trillion, an increase of 1.2% over the previous year. The figure accounts for about 55% of the total output in the Osaka
Prefecture and 26.5% in the Kinki region. In 2004, commerce, services, and manufacturing have been the three
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caused a mass migration to Osaka between 1920 and 1930, and the city became Japan's largest city in 1930 with 2,453,573 people, outnumbering even Tokyo, which had a population of 2,070,913. The population peaked at 3,252,340 in 1940, and had a post-war peak of 3,156,222 in 1965, but has declined
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in 1802 depicted
Osakans as stingy almost beyond belief. In 1809, the derogatory term "Kamigata zeeroku" was used by Edo residents to characterize inhabitants of the Osaka region in terms of calculation, shrewdness, lack of civic spirit, and the vulgarity of Osaka dialect. Edo writers aspired to
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Worldwide reported that Osaka ranks 19th among the world's leading cities and plays an important role in the global economy. Osaka's GDP per capita (Nominal) was $ 59,958.($ 1=\120.13) However, by 2020, Osaka ranked as the 5th most expensive city due to flatlining consumer prices and government
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opened in 2005 after relocating from its former 46-year-old Umeda Koma
Theater. The theater has a main hall with 1,905 seats and a smaller theater-drama hall with 898 seats. Umeda Arts Theater stages various type of performances including musicals, music concerts, dramas, rakugo, and
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testify to the status of imperial city that Osaka had reached. Four of these mounds can be seen in Osaka, in which important members of the nobility are buried. They are located in the southern districts of the city and date back to the 5th century. A group of megalithic tombs called
6071:, have their regional headquarters in Osaka and issue their regional editions. Furthermore, Osaka houses Osaka Nichi-nichi Shimbun, its newspaper press. Other newspaper-related companies located in Osaka include the regional headquarters of FujiSankei Business i.;Houchi Shimbunsha;
4775:
At a meeting held on April 10, 2012, by the "energy strategy council", formed by the city of Osaka and the governments of the prefectures, it became clear that at the end of the fiscal year 2011 some 69 employees of Kansai
Electric Power Company were former public servants.
885:, Osaka greatly expanded in size and underwent rapid industrialization. In 1889, Osaka was officially established as a municipality. The construction boom accelerated population growth throughout the following decades, and by the 1900s, Osaka was the industrial hub in the
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Osaka has a large number of wholesalers and retail shops: 25,228 and 34,707 respectively in 2004, according to the city statistics. Many of them are concentrated in the wards of Chuō (10,468 shops) and Kita (6,335 shops). Types of shops vary from malls to conventional
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The modern municipality, which when it was established in 1889 occupied an area of just 15 km including the districts of Chūō and Nishi, following three successive expansions has reached an area of 222 km. It was one of the first cities in Japan to obtain
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have suggested that Osaka is the food capital of the world. Osakans' love for the culinary is made apparent in the old saying "Kyotoites are financially ruined by overspending on clothing, Osakans are ruined by spending on food." Regional cuisine includes
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wards. Later, the city went through three major expansions to reach its current size of 223 square kilometres (86 sq mi). Osaka was the industrial center most clearly defined in the development of capitalism in Japan. It became known as the
4207:. According to the census in 2005, there were 2,628,811 residents in Osaka, an increase of 30,037 or 1.2% from 2000. There were 1,280,325 households with approximately 2.1 persons per household. The population density was 11,836 persons per km. The
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system alone ranks 8th in the world by annual passenger ridership, serving over 912 million people annually (a quarter of
Greater Osaka Rail System's 4 billion annual riders), despite being only 8 of more than 70 lines in the metro area.
4707:
On
November 1, 2020, a second referendum to merge Osaka's 24 wards into 4 semi-autonomous wards was narrowly voted down. There were 692,996 (50.6%) votes against and 675,829 (49.4%) votes supported it. Osaka mayor and Osaka Ishin co-leader
9357:
1159:. It is considered one of the first places where inhabitants of Japan settled, both for the favorable geological conditions, rich in fresh water and lush vegetation, and because its position was defensible against military attack.
4884:, the first brokerage firm in Japan, was founded in the city in 1925, and Osaka still houses a leading futures exchange. Many major companies have since moved their main offices to Tokyo. However, several major companies, such as
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in the United States after the latter permitted a monument memorializing "comfort women" to remain on a city-owned property, circulating in the process a 10-page, 3,800-word letter in
English addressed to San Francisco mayor
4571:. The council has eighty-nine seats, allocated to the twenty-four wards proportional to their population and re-elected by the citizens every four years. The council elects its president and Vice President. Toshifumi Tagaya (
893:
periods. Osaka made noted contributions to redevelopment, urban planning and zoning standards in the postwar period, and the city developed rapidly as one of the major financial centers in the Keihanshin Metropolitan Area.
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Public elementary and junior high schools in Osaka are operated by the city of Osaka. Its supervisory organization on educational matters is Osaka City Board of Education. Likewise, public high schools are operated by the
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6233:(ACCJ) Kansai chapter president Norman Solberg stated that since 2002 the numbers of expatriates in Kansai were recovering "but the fact is there is still a persistent exodus to Tokyo." In 2001 the city of Osaka and
1322:
in what is now Osaka, making it the capital of Japan. The city now known as Osaka was at this time referred to as Naniwa, and this name and derivations of it are still in use for districts in central Osaka such as
1208:
In the years between the end of the Jōmon period and the beginning of the Yayoi period, the sediments that were deposited north of the Uemachi peninsula / plateau transformed Kawachi Bay into a lagoon. During the
11043:
Hotta, Chisato. "The Construction of the Korean Community in Osaka between 1920 and 1945: A Cross-Cultural Perspective." PhD dissertation U. of Chicago 2005. 498 pp. DAI 2005 65(12): 4680-A. DA3158708 Fulltext:
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who was held in the city, the air raid took almost the entire night and destroyed 25 square miles (65 km) of the city. The U.S. bombed the city again twice in June 1945 and again on August 14, a day before
1255:, Osaka developed into a hub port connecting the region to the western part of Japan. The port of Naniwa-tsu was established and became the most important in Japan. Trade with other areas of the country and the
9229:
Chisato Hotta, "The Construction of the Korean Community in Osaka between 1920 and 1945: A Cross-Cultural Perspective." PhD dissertation U. of Chicago 2005. 498 pp. DAI 2005 65(12): 4680-A. DA3158708 Fulltext:
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has also its regional station based in the city. AM Radio services are provided by NHK as well as the ABC Radio (Asahi Broadcasting Corporation), MBS Radio (Mainichi Broadcasting System, Inc.) and Radio Osaka
4772:, but with their combined voting-rights of 12.5 percent they were not certain of the ultimate outcome, because for this two-thirds of the shareholders would be needed to agree to revise the corporate charter.
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majors also house their regional headquarters, and most local newspapers nationwide have branches in Osaka. However major film productions are uncommon in the city. Most major films are produced in nearby
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shopping arcades, built both above- and underground. Shōtengai are seen across Japan, and Osaka has the longest one in the country. The Tenjinbashi-suji arcade stretches from the road approaching the
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in the world in 2009. It jumped up nine places from 11th place in 2008 and was the eighth most expensive city in 2007. However, it was not ranked in the top ten places of the list in 2013. The
1382:). By the end of the Nara period, Naniwa's seaport roles had been gradually taken over by neighboring areas, but it remained a lively center of river, channel, and land transportation between
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of 1995 caused a decline in demand for international schools, as there were about 2,500 U.S. nationals resident in Osaka after the earthquake while the pre-earthquake number was about 5,000.
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is the 19th mayor of Osaka since 2011. The mayor is supported by two vice mayors, currently Akira Morishita and Takashi Kashiwagi, who are appointed by him in accordance with the city bylaw.
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major industries, accounting for 30%, 26%, and 11% of the total, respectively. The per capita income in the city was about ¥3.3 million, 10% higher than that of the Osaka Prefecture.
1263:
mounds found in the plains of Osaka are evidence of political-power concentration, leading to the formation of a state. The findings in the neighboring plains, including the mausoleum of
12999:
4741:
On March 18, 2012, the city of Osaka decided as largest shareholder of Kansai Electric Power Co, that at the next shareholders-meeting in June 2012 it would demand a series of changes:
1706:, Osaka entered a period of decline. From being the capital of the economy and finance, it became a predominantly industrial center. The modern municipality was established in 1889 by
6805:
1854:. He then fell back on a project that included the suppression of the 24 wards of Osaka, thus dividing the city into 5 new special districts with a status similar to that of the 23
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4575:) is the current and 104th president since May 2008. The mayor of the city is directly elected by the citizens every four years as well, in accordance with the Local Autonomy Law.
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six million by the 1990s. The factories were rebuilt and trade revived, the city were developed rapidly it became a major multicultural and financial center in the postwar period
4994:. The Keihanshin region has a population (as of 2015) of 19,303,000 (15% of Japan's population) which covers 13,228 km (5,107 sq mi). It is ranked the second most
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877:(300–538) it had developed into an important regional port, and in the 7th and 8th centuries, it served briefly as the imperial capital. Osaka continued to flourish during the
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5425:, a huge electrical appliance store that offers a vast range of fashion stores, restaurants, and a Shonen Jump store. Osaka is known for its food, in Japan and abroad. Author
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Osaka once had a large number of universities and high schools, but because of growing campuses and the need for larger area, many chose to move to the suburbs, including
4688:'s successor wards within Tokyo prefecture. Special wards are municipal-level administrative units that leave some otherwise municipal administrative responsibilities and
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5813:. Its exhibits cover the history of Osaka from pre-history to the present day. Osaka Museum of Natural History houses a collection related to natural history and life.
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7031:(registered tangible cultural property) – Yamauchi Building (registered tangible cultural property) – Edobori Kodama Building (registered tangible cultural property)
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Osaka is home to many publishing companies, including Examina, Izumi Shoin, Kaihou Shuppansha, Keihanshin Elmagazine, Seibundo Shuppan, Sougensha, and Toho Shuppan.
1239:
Towards the end of the Yayoi period the Uemachi plateau-peninsula expanded further, transforming the Kawachi Lagoon into a lake (河内湖) connected to the mouth of the
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means "large hill" or "large slope". It is unclear when this name gained prominence over Naniwa, but the oldest written evidence for the name dates back to 1496.
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4780:" was the Japanese name for this practice of rewarding by hiring officials that formerly controlled and supervised the firm. Such people included the following:
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5781:(NMAO) is a subterranean Japanese and international art museum, housing mainly collections from the post-war era and regularly welcoming temporary exhibitions.
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The plan to reorganize Osaka and its province into a metropolis like Tokyo met with stiff opposition in some municipalities, particularly the highly populated
10125:
4896:, are still headquartered in Osaka. Recently, the city began a program, headed by mayor Junichi Seki, to attract domestic and foreign investment. In the 2017
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1,629 bridges by 1925. As many of the city's canals were gradually filled in, the number dropped to 872, of which 760 are currently managed by Osaka City.
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The Symphony Hall, built in 1982, is the first hall in Japan designed specially for classical music concerts. The Hall was opened with a concert by the
4817:
During this meeting some 8 conditions were compiled, that needed to be fulfilled before a restart of the No.3 and No.4 reactors Oi Nuclear Power Plant:
1295:. Maritime traffic connected to the port of Naniwa-tsu increased in such a way that huge warehouses were built to stow material arriving and departing.
1232:. The maritime panorama enjoyed from the shrine gardens inspired several artists, and nowadays the representations of that type of landscape are called
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Due to its geographical position, Osaka's international ferry connections are far greater than that of Tokyo, with international service to Shanghai,
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began a decade-long siege campaign on the temple in 1570 which ultimately resulted in the surrender of the monks and subsequent razing of the temple.
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Besides this, it became known that Kansai Electric had done about 600 external financial donations, to a total sum of about 1.695 billion yen:
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are among the many that were welcomed on stage in the past. The hall has closed at the end of 2008, planned to re-open in 2013 in a new facility.
5410:
and continues for 2.6 km (1.6 miles) going north to south. The stores along the arcade include commodities, clothing, and catering outlets.
10141:
10011:
5697:-style building first opened in 1918. Re-opened in 2002 after major renovation, it serves as a multi-purpose rental facility for citizen events.
259:
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Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management and Cost: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management
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with a capacity for up to 16,000 people. The hall has hosted numerous events and concerts including both Japanese and international artists.
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Hashimoto, the mayor of Osaka, announced a proposal to minimize the dependence on nuclear power for the shareholders meeting in June 2012.
295:
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Osaka was long considered Japan's primary economic center, with a large percentage of the population belonging to the merchant class (see
13276:
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9806:. Statistics Bureau, Director-General for Policy Planning (Statistical Standards) and Statistical Research and Training Institute, Japan
9475:
14044:
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10070:
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7613:
6351:"Important cultural property" (重要文化財) after the name of a facility indicates an important cultural property designated by the country.
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Greater Osaka has an extensive network of railway lines, comparable to that of Greater Tokyo. Major stations within the city include
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park, and returns to the stadium. Another yearly event held at Nagai Stadium is the Osaka Gran Prix Athletics games operated by the
5643:, a Japanese entertainment conglomerate operates a hall in the city for manzai and other comedy shows: the Namba Grand Kagetsu hall.
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5751:). Other festivals in Osaka include the Aizen Matsuri (June 30–July 2, Shōman-in Temple), the Sumiyoshi Matsuri (July 30–August 1,
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4219:, with its Tsuruhashi district, is the home to one of the largest population of Korean residents in Japan, with 20,397 registered
1914:
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5947:. Held usually at the end of January every year, the 42.195 km (26.219-mile) race starts from Nagai Stadium, runs through
4900:, Osaka was ranked as having the 15th most competitive financial center in the world and fifth most competitive in Asia (after
3070:
is zoned as a separate city, although the east side of Osaka city proper contains numerous residential neighborhoods including
1436:
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1089:. The older kanji (坂) is still in very limited use, usually only in historical contexts. As an abbreviation, the modern kanji
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Osaka's sprawling cityscape has been described as "only surpassed by Tokyo as a showcase of the Japanese urban phenomenon".
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holds more than 2,000 pieces of ceramics, from China, Korea, Japan and Vietnam, featuring displays of some of their Korean
5087:
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5908:. After winning promotion in 2008–09, they will again remain in the competition for the 2009–10 season. Their base is the
1490:(1603–1867), Osaka grew into one of Japan's major cities and returned to its ancient role as a lively and important port.
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shrine structure survived historical events, which inaugurated a new style in the construction of Shinto shrines, called
921:. Osaka is an international center of research and development and is represented by several major universities, notably
863:
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Osaka also houses several agencies of the Japanese government. Below is a list of governmental offices housed in Osaka.
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There were 144,123 registered foreigners, the two largest groups being Korean (60,110) and Chinese (39,551) 2021 years.
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ever held in an Asian country. Since then, numerous international events have been held in Osaka, including the 1995
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also made loans, and would actually become quite wealthy and powerful. Osaka merchants coalesced their shops around
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contain a prominent portion of the city's skyscrapers and are often featured in photographs of Osaka's skyline.
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This article is about the city in Japan. For the prefecture with the same name where this city is located, see
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5006:. Keihanshin has a GDP of approximately $ 953.9 billion in 2012 (16th largest in the world). Osaka-Kobe has a
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rapidly, producing a middle class with a taste for literature and a willingness to support the arts. In 1927,
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491:
92:
11458:
4745:
that Kansai Electric would be split into two companies, separating power generation from power transmission.
4668:
In July 2012, a joint multi-party bill was submitted to the Diet that would allow for implementation of the
1930:
1197:
with remains from rice processing. It is estimated that the ruins contain 2,000-year-old debris between the
12897:
10804:
10423:
10170:"Mastercard - Global Leading Company in Payment Solutions Offering Credit, Debit, Prepaid Cards & More"
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1585:
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6217:
rather than Osaka. As a result, until 1991 the Osaka area had no schools catering to expatriate children.
1515:
s rice in exchange for a fee, trading it for either coin or a form of receipt; essentially a precursor to
325:
12758:
10064:
9568:
7385:
6308:
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district and its immediate surrounding neighborhoods, a major business and retail hub that plays host to
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9974:
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220:
12955:
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12695:
11354:
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but was eliminated in the first round of the vote on July 13, 2001, which awarded the game to Beijing.
4880:
Historically, Osaka was the center of commerce in Japan, especially in the middle and pre-modern ages.
4426:
3357:
9680:
9008:
5358:
4751:
the implementation of absolutely secure measurements to ensuring the safety of the nuclear facilities.
1771:
and mutual assistance as the best way to combat poverty. This minimized the cost of welfare programs.
1307:
records that during 390–430 CE, there was an imperial palace located at Osumi, in what is present day
12960:
12877:
12733:
12676:
12609:
12571:
11359:
11302:
10509:
10147:
6854:
5772:
5760:
5255:
and provide access to other major cities in Japan, such as Kobe, Kyoto, Nagoya, Yokohama, and Tokyo.
4931:
will help the Osaka Securities Exchange become the largest exchange in Japan for start-up companies.
4920:
4843:
4432:
3385:
2042:
1811:
1791:
1483:
1308:
731:
10103:
10084:
8978:
4942:(EIU) ranked Osaka as the second most expensive city in the world in its 2013 Cost of Living study.
1727:
of the Orient". In 1925, it was the largest and most populous city in Japan and sixth in the world.
1287:, whose floods caused extensive damage, and the construction of important roads in the direction of
12977:
12768:
11142:
11107:
Ropke, Ian Martin. Historical Dictionary of Osaka and Kyoto. 273pp Scarecrow Press (July 22, 1999)
10639:
7570:
7483:
7390:
7322:
7281:
7198:
6284:
6226:
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5608:
5262:, as well Hankyu, Hanshin and Kintetsu, providing a dense network covering most parts of the city.
5219:
5099:
4901:
4373:
4245:. Of the many other particularities that characterize Osaka-ben, examples include using the copula
454:
430:
10915:
10395:
13299:
12882:
12443:
11856:
11758:
11746:
11574:
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11120:
Second Metropolis: Pragmatic Pluralism in Gilded Age Chicago, Silver Age Moscow, and Meiji Osaka.
9803:
9245:
Second Metropolis: Pragmatic Pluralism in Gilded Age Chicago, Silver Age Moscow, and Meiji Osaka.
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2006:
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847:
541:
12619:
11102:
10225:
9295:
9133:
9126:
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4757:
the installation of new kind of thermal power generation to secure non-nuclear supply of energy.
1528:
12915:
12867:
12651:
11880:
11792:
11770:
10406:
7420:
7099:) – Japan Anglican Church Kawaguchi Christian Church (Registered Tangible Cultural Property) –
6274:
6188:
5997:
5905:
5723:
5007:
4681:
4278:
1855:
858:. With a population of 2.7 million in the 2020 census, it is also the largest component of the
851:
482:
35:
9616:
9158:
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8483:
6662:
4548:
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11349:
8920:
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5031:
4680:
City and possibly other surrounding municipalities would dissolve and be reorganized as four
4669:
4420:
3329:
1557:
210:
10243:
10123:
Kansai Electric, affiliates had 69 ex-bureaucrats employed as execs as of end of fiscal 2011
10012:"Osaka cuts sister city ties with San Francisco over "comfort women" statue · Global Voices"
9310:
Andy Raskin, "The Ramen King and I: How the Inventor of Instant Noodles Fixed My Love Life".
8912:
8889:
5850:
5785:
is in a five storied building next to the National Museum of Art, with a planetarium and an
5252:
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12120:
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5885:
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5651:
5407:
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1989:, and is otherwise completely surrounded by more than ten satellite cities, all of them in
1803:
1748:
767:
717:
442:
13942:
12738:
12541:
11434:
9892:
4522:
3808:
3024:
1213:(300 BCE-250 CE), permanent habitation on the plains grew as rice farming became popular.
8:
13917:
13707:
13552:
12791:
12720:
12700:
12546:
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12163:
11424:
11409:
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7355:
6388:
6138:
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5669:
5188:
4987:
4951:
4510:
4492:
4450:
4414:
4408:
3752:
3668:
3469:
3301:
3273:
3079:
2014:
1711:
1193:
580:
165:
11429:
9067:
4971:
4516:
3780:
3054:
which serves as its main port as well as a tourist destination with attractions such as
1998:
1710:, with an initial area of 15 square kilometres (6 sq mi), overlapping today's
1569:
1422:
150:
13617:
13481:
13365:
12710:
12671:
12238:
12035:
11444:
11384:
10946:
9783:
9590:
9516:
8464:
7657:
7618:
7498:
7478:
7410:
7395:
7137:
6952:
6647:
6488:
6437:
6122:
5657:
5313:
5309:
4999:
4813:
430 donations to various organizations and foundations: a total of 553 million yen
4568:
4564:
4534:
4462:
4270:
3864:
3528:
3071:
2988:
2903:
2867:
1787:
1759:
vehicles, operated and staffed by Japanese workers and managers. In the nearby city of
1468:
1460:
474:
13967:
13837:
12486:
12481:
11157:
11093:
Rimmer, Peter J. "Japan's World Cities: Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya or Tokaido Megalopolis?"
9358:"Hashimoto announces exit from politics after Osaka rejects merger plan in referendum"
9322:""Japan's Evolving Nested Municipal Hierarchy: The Race for Local Power in the 2000s""
8952:
8772:
Tsuneko S. Sadao, Stephanie Wada, Discovering the Arts of Japan: A Historical Overview
8689:
8610:
5896:. Evessa has won the first three championships of the league since its establishment.
5162:
4905:
4695:
In October 2018, the city of Osaka officially ended its sister city relationship with
3144:
1283:
Important works of the Kofun period is the excavation that diverted the course of the
13922:
13912:
13642:
13597:
12805:
12496:
12288:
12243:
12208:
11482:
11439:
11419:
11284:
11108:
11098:
10996:
10978:
10950:
10705:
10696:
The five largest newspapers by number of circulation in Japan in alphabetical order.
10452:
10272:
9954:
9832:
9730:
9622:
9291:
9164:
9137:
9046:
8924:
8840:
8776:
8566:
8532:
8304:
6824:
6682:
6550:
6249:
6182:
6114:
6043:
5683:
4889:
4881:
4591:
4528:
4504:
4368:
3836:
3724:
3075:
2766:
2719:
2671:
2002:
1695:
1581:
1453:
1115:
1086:
930:
918:
882:
800:
781:
759:
557:
487:
9208:
8913:
5748:
4764:
In this action, Osaka had secured the support of two other cities and shareholders:
4576:
4203:
Population numbers have been recorded in Osaka since as early as 1873, in the early
1859:
1315:
897:
Osaka is a major financial center of Japan, and it is recognized as one of the most
13997:
13932:
13842:
13802:
13787:
13712:
13687:
12593:
12588:
12556:
12511:
12501:
12233:
12213:
12158:
11905:
11751:
11678:
11608:
11587:
11507:
11502:
11399:
11389:
11364:
11288:
10938:
9720:
9337:
8356:
8343:
8291:
8099:
7879:
7439:
6728:
6545:
6207:
6126:
6049:
6030:
6008:, was made in the city. In July 2012 the first Japan Bandy Festival was organized.
5752:
5690:
5422:
5223:
5054:
5046:
4983:
4967:
4963:
4580:
4480:
4468:
4438:
4220:
3612:
3556:
3413:
1990:
1949:
1779:
1591:
Osaka residents were stereotyped in Edo literature from at least the 18th century.
1532:
1413:
1387:
1324:
1229:
1217:
1103:
962:
922:
898:
843:
591:
447:
245:
181:
112:
31:
13782:
12128:
11054:
Sept 2007, Vol. 30 Issue 4, p571-589, on the international exposition held in 1970
9769:
7308:
7188:
5805:, housing over 8,000 pieces of Japanese and Chinese paintings and sculptures. The
5679:
4821:
the consent of the local people and government within 100 kilometer from the plant
3008:, house the regional headquarters of many large-scale banks and corporations. The
2918:
1977:
1548:. By 1780, Osaka had cultivated a vibrant arts culture, as typified by its famous
1371:
1221:
13892:
13877:
13862:
13807:
13657:
13647:
13542:
13426:
12428:
12418:
12333:
12298:
12268:
12105:
11775:
11703:
11544:
11512:
11497:
11404:
11369:
11334:
11329:
11069:
11024:
10863:
10812:
10730:
10699:
10594:
10477:
10129:
10110:
9995:
9923:
9826:
9718:
9470:
9333:
8974:
8888:[Naniwa Palace Site, by Osaka Toshi Kyokai] (in Japanese). Archived from
8695:
6340:
6303:
6067:
5897:
5858:
5694:
5640:
5479:
5417:, the electronic and manga/anime district, which is comparable to Akihabara; the
5103:
5050:
4979:
4486:
4444:
4402:
4396:
4216:
3640:
3441:
3245:
3207:
3028:
1827:
1798:
1715:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1292:
1264:
1205:. The findings of the archeological sites are exhibited in an adjacent building.
1156:
1131:
902:
13872:
13692:
13506:
12193:
11603:
11534:
11180:
11163:
5802:
5594:
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954:
14029:
14002:
13907:
13822:
13772:
13652:
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13416:
13370:
13212:
12857:
12491:
12471:
12461:
12388:
12348:
12085:
12065:
11910:
11900:
11890:
11825:
11763:
11729:
11648:
11582:
11492:
11487:
11379:
11321:
11260:
11080:
10540:
10044:. Letter to London Breed, Mayor of San Francisco. City of Osaka. Archived from
7625:
7529:
7444:
7154:
6613:
6091:
6061:
5846:
5834:
5809:, opened in 2001, is located in a 13-story modern building providing a view of
5744:
5289:) which handles mostly domestic services and some international cargo flights.
5247:
5215:
5015:
4873:
4869:
4807:
70 donations were paid to local governments: to a total of 699 million yen
4784:
13 ex-officials of the: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
4456:
4232:
3497:
3164:
1898:
1732:
1657:
1592:
1588:, now the Kawaguchi subdistrict, is a legacy of the foreign presence in Osaka.
1476:
1375:
1174:
The earliest evidence of settlements in the Osaka area are the Morinomiya ruins
906:
141:
130:
101:
13547:
12612:; eligible for core city status but not yet nominated; to become core cities
12343:
11698:
11683:
10942:
10607:
10318:
10290:
10146:[Osaka City Datanet: Osaka City Economy] (in Japanese). Archived from
7596:
5756:
5385:
5078:
3063:
3036:
3032:
2944:
and geographically central within the city. Well known districts here include
1428:
1391:
966:
185:
121:
14023:
13977:
13902:
13847:
13747:
13632:
13592:
13587:
13461:
12753:
12715:
12408:
12393:
12318:
12303:
11985:
11945:
11940:
11885:
11802:
11785:
11780:
11739:
11693:
11688:
11663:
11643:
11618:
11184:
11085:
Visions of Virtue in Tokugawa Japan: The Kaitokudo Merchant Academy of Osaka.
10857:
10091:
9286:
Kingo Tamai, "Images of the Poor in an Official Survey of Osaka, 1923–1926."
8707:
8325:
8278:
8146:
8010:
7892:
7887:
7793:
6796:
6512:
6442:
6076:
6072:
5426:
5207:
5136:
5123:
5091:
4959:
4709:
4696:
4311:
2888:
2480:
2026:
1964:
1886:
1822:
of the Orient". Osaka Prefecture was chosen as the venue for the prestigious
1794:
1348:
1311:, but it may have been a secondary imperial residence rather than a capital.
819:
658:
435:
403:
390:
280:
189:
13952:
13446:
12526:
11955:
11239:
9771:
Le Japon à l'exposition universelle de 1878. Géographie et histoire du Japon
8451:"Osaka leaders win in elections to swap roles, but merger prospects unclear"
7757:
6447:
1355:
today) in 655, Naniwa remained a vital connection, by land and sea, between
946:
881:(1603–1867) and became known as a center of Japanese culture. Following the
169:
13827:
13722:
13401:
12796:
12153:
12133:
12015:
11734:
11708:
11628:
11623:
11252:
11130:
10587:
9299:
9261:
8807:
8138:
8028:
7989:
7488:
7193:
6820:
6603:
6467:
6453:
6222:
6213:
Historically foreign expatriates in the Kansai region preferred to live in
5963:(IAAF) in May. The Osaka GP is the only IAAF games annually held in Japan.
5956:
5889:
5881:
5810:
5562:
4991:
4913:
4701:
4677:
3055:
2949:
1775:
1760:
1629:
1520:
1472:
1464:
1284:
1252:
1210:
1202:
1198:
1167:
934:
874:
161:
11633:
10566:
9702:
9662:
9645:
9591:"Osaka, Japan - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast"
9382:"Osaka referendum defeat raises questions about future of city's politics"
9342:
9321:
8428:, with the same pronunciation, though these renderings are uncommon today.
7909:
5722:, kabuki, ballets as well as classic concerts. The Bolshoi Ballet and the
5550:
5403:
5352:
5094:
network serving the Osaka metropolitan area. The pink lines represent the
3135:
2953:
2836:
Central Osaka looking north from the Abeno Harukas observation deck (2014)
942:
177:
13887:
13797:
13717:
13662:
13532:
12844:
12531:
12363:
12338:
12328:
11925:
11797:
8915:
The constructed past: experimental archaeology, education, and the public
8383:
8317:
8273:
8210:
8202:
8163:
8151:
8038:
7971:
7770:
7461:
7045:
7041:
6884:
6668:
6528:
6410:
6393:
5948:
5901:
5873:
5544:
5446:
5414:
5389:
5378:
5348:
5234:
5095:
4204:
3105:
2961:
2960:
Den Den Town, as well as arts and fashion culture-oriented areas such as
2957:
2922:
2880:
Central Osaka is roughly divided into downtown and uptown areas known as
1823:
1379:
1152:
910:
886:
197:
13702:
13476:
12253:
12183:
9497:
http://www.city.osaka.jp/keikakuchousei/toukei/G000/Gyh19/Gb00/Gb00.html
8638:
7647:
5952:
3009:
193:
81:
13992:
13817:
13577:
13511:
13431:
13396:
13069:
12820:
12423:
12413:
12080:
12040:
11920:
11564:
10348:
9754:
8369:
8155:
8073:
7896:
7400:
7359:
7239:
6608:
6162:, the last providing programs in multiple languages including English.
6130:
6083:
6080:
6005:
5854:
5842:
5826:
5301:
5242:
4955:
4924:
4862:
4685:
4297:
3044:
3020:
1752:
1720:
1577:
1487:
1273:
1240:
984:
878:
859:
563:
5821:
2921:
and a large subterranean network of shopping arcades. Kita and nearby
13882:
13852:
13757:
13732:
13682:
13677:
13672:
13637:
13572:
13557:
13537:
13501:
13471:
13466:
13421:
13375:
13058:
12887:
12862:
12686:
12561:
12466:
12398:
12383:
12373:
12293:
12263:
12258:
12218:
12178:
12168:
12148:
12138:
12030:
12025:
11970:
11930:
11668:
11653:
11638:
11554:
11230:
10747:[History of Education in Osaka] (in Japanese). Archived from
9460:
9458:
8910:
8388:
8299:
8241:
8236:
8181:
8176:
8120:
8112:
8107:
8064:
7984:
7845:
7840:
7642:
6371:
6159:
6150:) and headquartered in the city. FM services are available from NHK,
5507:
5436:
5324:
5305:
4909:
4885:
4852:
4777:
4760:
selling all unnecessary assets including the stock holdings of KEPCO.
3051:
3016:
1994:
1986:
1740:
1724:
1505:
1259:
intensified. The large numbers of increasingly larger keyhole-shaped
950:
914:
571:
173:
13007:
11895:
11156:
11014:
The City as Subject: Seki Hajime and the Reinvention of Modern Osaka
10104:
Osaka aims to end Kansai Electric's nuclear power ops as shareholder
9824:
9005:"HISTORICAL OVERVIEW – DISCOVER – OSAKA INFO -Osaka Visitors' Guide"
5719:
5098:
system. The blue lines represent three rail extension projects: the
4810:
100 donations to public-service organizations: 443 million yen,
4748:
a reduction of the number of the utility's executives and employees.
1535:
market would come to exist to sell rice that was not yet harvested.
1524:
1492:
890:
13982:
13812:
13792:
13752:
13737:
13697:
13627:
13612:
13582:
13567:
13562:
13496:
13491:
13451:
13406:
13319:
13223:
13124:
13102:
13025:
12945:
12902:
12872:
12840:
12830:
12800:
12773:
12705:
12583:
12506:
12433:
12403:
12378:
12323:
12278:
12223:
12203:
12188:
12110:
12050:
11980:
11975:
11960:
11915:
11613:
11559:
11539:
10924:"Castles and the Militarisation of Urban Society in Imperial Japan"
9231:
9123:
9089:
8228:
8133:
8069:
8051:
8043:
7963:
7922:
7866:
7802:
6991:
6816:
6477:
6225:, and it was the first international school in the Osaka area. The
6151:
6033:
was founded in 1971 is based in Osaka, now it is the Osaka branch.
5893:
5869:
5589:
5579:– theaters, boutiques, and department stores near the train station
5465:
5374:
5366:
5336:
5265:
Osaka is served by two airports situated just outside of the city,
4689:
2010:
1894:
1764:
1744:
1694:
With the enormous changes that characterized the country after the
1516:
1456:
1395:
1374:, and remained so until 745, when the Imperial Court moved back to
1151:
formed a 12 km long and 2.5 km wide peninsula separating
855:
13947:
11995:
11125:
Torrance, Richard. "Literacy and Literature in Osaka, 1890–1940,"
9455:
9124:
Ebrey, Patricia Buckley; Walthall, Anne; Palais, James B. (2006).
8919:. London: Routledge in association with English Heritage. p.
7753:
2080:
Climate data for Osaka (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1883−present)
1463:, located directly on the site of the old Naniwa Imperial Palace.
13987:
13972:
13957:
13857:
13777:
13622:
13527:
13441:
13350:
13345:
13248:
13179:
13091:
12930:
12810:
12763:
12748:
12649:
12551:
12521:
12476:
12308:
12228:
12095:
12070:
12020:
11990:
11965:
11029:
Hauser, William B. "Osaka: a Commercial City in Tokugawa Japan."
9256:
Richard Torrance, "Literacy and Literature in Osaka, 1890–1940,"
9183:
Richard Torrance, "Literacy and Literature in Osaka, 1890–1940",
8312:
8253:
8125:
8094:
8086:
8081:
8056:
8015:
7997:
7958:
7939:
7935:
7815:
7810:
7798:
7785:
7037:
6087:
5943:
Another major annual sporting event that takes place in Osaka is
5794:
5786:
5759:) and Tōka-Ebisu (January 9–10, Imamiya Ebisu Jinja). The annual
5612:
5293:
5204:
4934:
According to global consulting firm Mercer, Osaka was the second
4672:
as pursued by the mayor of Osaka city, the governor of Osaka and
1819:
1815:
1561:
1553:
1540:
611:
Osaka City Hall: 1-3-20 Nakanoshima, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka-fu
13897:
13727:
12536:
12353:
12248:
5735:
2968:
was the tallest skyscraper in the country from 2014 until 2023.
1889:
opened, which is the tallest skyscraper in Japan surpassing the
1475:
in its place in 1583. Osaka Castle played a pivotal role in the
873:Ōsaka was traditionally considered Japan's economic hub. By the
13962:
13927:
13867:
13832:
13767:
13762:
13486:
13436:
13380:
13329:
13190:
13168:
13146:
13080:
12892:
12835:
12690:
12516:
12451:
12358:
12283:
12273:
12198:
12143:
12100:
12060:
11950:
11935:
11658:
8562:
Asia & Oceania: International Dictionary of Historic Places
8286:
8198:
8168:
8002:
7930:
7904:
7899:, United States (former partnership, October 1957–October 2018)
7874:
7823:
7780:
5647:
5623:
5619:
5569:
5343:
5332:
4928:
2022:
1871:
1565:
1549:
1501:
1304:
1225:
839:
823:
576:
459:
11162:
10085:
3 major Kansai cities aim to break dependence on nuclear power
5833:
Osaka hosts four professional sport teams: one of them is the
5277:) which handles primarily international passenger flights and
4787:
3 ex-officials of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry,
1797:
took part in the raid against Osaka. According to an American
13667:
13411:
13360:
13313:
13294:
13235:
13157:
13047:
12920:
12825:
12368:
12090:
12055:
11872:
11860:
11673:
11549:
11467:
11189:
9948:
9775:
8559:
Ring, Trudy; Watson, Noelle; Schellinger, Paul, eds. (1996).
8364:
8351:
8338:
8248:
8223:
8215:
8193:
7976:
7917:
7862:
7857:
6359:
6354:
6155:
6026:
6001:
5576:
5556:
5418:
5297:
5203:
Osaka connects to its surrounding cities and suburbs via the
5011:
4893:
4765:
4726:
3178:
3150:
3120:
2945:
2914:
2030:
1921:
1902:
1879:
1851:
1756:
1703:
1699:
1383:
1364:
1336:
1288:
1277:
1268:
1260:
1216:
At the beginning of the third century CE the grand shrine of
1130:(7,000 BCE), present-day Osaka was mostly submerged, and the
1027:
835:
831:
827:
682:
668:
601:
423:
11150:
10000:
Bill to transform Osaka government jointly submitted to Diet
9767:
9274:"GM had early start in Japan but was hobbled by nationalism"
6178:
5704:
is one of the nine private halls operated nationwide by the
4833:
stress tests and evaluations based on these new safety rules
1496:(feudal lords) received most of their income in the form of
180:, The Dainihongu (second sanctuary) and Sorihashi bridge of
13937:
13742:
13607:
13355:
13201:
13036:
12313:
12173:
12045:
9068:"The Dojima Rice Market and the Origins of Futures Trading"
7828:
6815:(Former Youth Art Gallery) (Important Cultural Property) –
6234:
6214:
5933:
5634:
5488:
5421:
district, which has the Hankyu Sanbangai shopping mall and
5282:
5270:
4975:
4769:
4730:
4597:
Japan Fair Trade Commission; Kinki, Chugoku, Shikoku Office
3012:
boulevard runs through Semba and connects Kita and Minami.
2928:
Minami, though meaning "south", is essentially in Chūō Ward
2018:
1882:. By 2020 it slipped to 5th rank of most expensive cities.
1573:
1497:
1256:
10993:
The Siege of Osaka Castle: The Winter and Summer Campaigns
10369:
9949:
Karan, Pradyumna Prasad; Kristin Eileen Stapleton (1997).
9825:
Prasad Karan, Pradyumna; Kristin Eileen Stapleton (1997).
8664:"Historical Overview, the City of Osaka official homepage"
630:
8869:大石慎三郎「日本の遷都の系譜」、『學習院大學經濟論集』第28巻第3号、学習院大学、1991年10月、 31–41頁
8484:"Table 2.10 Population of Three Major Metropolitan Areas"
6142:
5715:
5602:, a subterranean museum of Japanese and international art
5553:– part of Namba district and considered heart of the city
1878:, Osaka was the second most expensive in the world after
1545:
1370:
Naniwa was declared the capital again in 744 by order of
1220:
was inaugurated near the harbor, commissioned by consort
1037:
was abhorred because it "returns to the earth," and then
10838:
The Journal of the American Chamber of Commerce in Japan
10784:
The Journal of the American Chamber of Commerce in Japan
6321:
International Institute for Children's Literature, Osaka
1459:
established their headquarters in the heavily fortified
1390:
Grand Shrine was founded by Tamomi no Sukune in 211 CE.
9714:
9712:
4824:
the installation of a new independent regulatory agency
2971:
The business districts between Kita and Minami such as
2812:
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency and Weather Atlas
2009:
at −2.2 metres (−7.2 ft) Tokyo Peil. Osaka has a
1097:
794:
736:
722:
9332:. Hindawi, Urban Studies Research, Vol. 2011 (2011),
8558:
7698:
United Church of Christ in Japan (UCCJ) Naniwa Church
5932:, one of the six regular tournaments of professional
5668:, which is based in the city. Orchestras such as the
11059:
Osaka: The Merchants' Capital of Early Modern Japan.
10537:"Superior brand sake: Food Library - Kuidaore Osaka"
9709:
9128:
East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History
9066:
Moss, David A.; Kintgen, Eugene (January 30, 2009).
8836:
Discovering the Arts of Japan: A Historical Overview
6294:
Osaka University of Comprehensive Children education
5743:
One of the most famous festivals held in Osaka, the
5629:
At Shin Kabuki-za, formerly near Namba and now near
5583:
4962:. The Keihanshin region includes the prefectures of
1576:) on January 1, 1868, just before the advent of the
1538:
The popular culture of Osaka was closely related to
1531:
was established in 1697 and where the world's first
870:
in the world with more than 19 million inhabitants.
10444:
9729:. Kyoto, Japan: Taylor & Francis. p. 195.
9657:
9655:
7677:
Shinshu Buddhist Otani-ha Sect Namba Betsuin Temple
14050:Cities designated by government ordinance of Japan
11050:Lockyer, Angus. "The Logic of Spectacle C. 1970",
10370:George Arnett; Chris Michael (February 14, 2014).
9640:
9638:
9375:
9373:
9371:
9156:
9125:
5961:International Association of Athletics Federations
5714:was a hall hosting various performances including
5676:have played here during their world tours as well.
5010:of $ 681 billion (2015), which is a bit more than
4790:2 ex-officials of the Ministry of the Environment,
4212:since, as the residents moved out to the suburbs.
3015:Further south of Minami are neighborhoods such as
1767:, one of Japan's oldest automobile manufacturers.
1121:
842:). It is the capital of and most populous city in
10697:
10507:
9433:"The World's 10 Most Expensive Cities To Live In"
9400:"In Depth: World's Most Expensive Cities To Live"
6823:(registered tangible cultural property) – former
5977:Osaka was one of the host cities of the official
5559:– main shopping, sightseeing, and restaurant area
4830:the establishment of new nuclear safety standards
4712:said he would resign when his term ends in 2023.
4603:Kinki Regional Economy, Trade and Industry Bureau
1684:Dōjima Rice Exchange ukiyo-e by Yoshimitsu Sasaki
14021:
11855:
9831:. University Press of Kentucky. pp. 79–81.
9652:
9199:
9197:
9195:
9193:
7947:
4567:is the city's local government formed under the
1166:Ancient shells found in the Morinomiya kaizuka (
10704:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 99–104.
10701:5,110 Days in Tokyo and Everything's Hunky-dory
9635:
9368:
8768:
8597:
8595:
8593:
8591:
8589:
8027:Osaka's business partner cities, mostly in the
6433:Osaka Prefectural Government Sakishima Building
5916:
5829:, home to the Orix Buffaloes and Hanshin Tigers
5523:
5504:
5485:
5462:
5443:
2937:
2066:
1897:, until it was surpassed by the 330-meter tall
1698:(1868), and the relocation of the capital from
1605:
1183:
1142:
1077:can be understood as "samurai rebellion," then
969:, one of the oldest Buddhist temples in Japan.
771:
9427:
9425:
9157:Whitney Hall, John; Jansen, Marius B. (1988).
9086:"A Guide to the Ukiyo-e Sites of the Internet"
9033:. Archived from the original on March 22, 2009
8911:Peter G. Stone and Philippe G. Planel (1999).
8867:
8832:
8682:
8631:"The Developmental History of the Osaka Plain"
8628:
8422:
8414:
5925:
5618:At Osaka Shochiku-za, close to Namba station,
5530:
5515:
5496:
5473:
5454:
5328:A chef prepares for the evening rush in Umeda.
5193:
5180:
5167:
5154:
5141:
5128:
3870:
3842:
3814:
3786:
3758:
3730:
3702:
3674:
3646:
3618:
3590:
3562:
3534:
3506:
3475:
3447:
3419:
3391:
3363:
3335:
3307:
3279:
3251:
3213:
2999:
2931:
2901:
2886:
2060:
1876:The World's Most Expensive Places To Live 2009
1599:
1341:
1329:
1177:
1136:
1091:
1079:
1071:
1063:
1055:
1047:
1039:
1031:
1001:
989:
787:
13300:Cities in Japan with a population of 200,000+
13277:
12993:
12635:
11841:
11268:
11244:
10977:. Groningen: Toyo Press. pp. 600 pages.
10770:
10768:
10766:
10288:
10240:"Osaka aims to stem exodus of firms to Tokyo"
9953:. University Press of Kentucky. p. 124.
9916:"Tsuruhashi, home of 'exotic' Korea in Osaka"
9379:
9190:
7764:
7749:List of twin towns and sister cities in Japan
7724:Japan Christian Church Osaka Fukushima Church
6041:All five major national newspapers of Japan,
5545:American Village (Amerika-mura or "Ame-mura")
3108:, a boundary of Kita (right) and Semba (left)
909:as well as the headquarters of multinational
687:
11282:
10931:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
10817:Osaka International School of Kwansei Gakuin
9319:
8973:
8742:
8740:
8738:
8629:Hikotaro, Kajiyama; Minoru, Itihara (1972).
8603:"Uemachidaichi - A journey to ancient osaka"
8586:
7760:, a symbol of Osaka's postwar reconstruction
7005:(Registered Tangible Cultural Properties) –
6872:(Registration Tangible Cultural Property) –
6219:Osaka International School of Kwansei Gakuin
5434:
4936:most expensive city for expatriate employees
4927:futures, is based in Osaka. The merger with
4237:The commonly spoken dialect of this area is
10883:"The City of Osaka's International Network"
10877:
10875:
10873:
10871:
9422:
9163:. Cambridge University Press. p. 304.
9065:
8658:
8656:
8654:
8652:
8650:
8648:
8506:
8504:
8463:with undecided boundary, see Japanese wiki
7710:Grand Cathedral of the Virgin Mary of Osaka
5646:The Hanjō-tei opened in 2006, dedicated to
5637:concerts and Japanese dramas are performed.
4725:On February 27, 2012, three Kansai cities,
1763:in Osaka Prefecture is the headquarters of
13284:
13270:
13000:
12986:
12642:
12628:
11848:
11834:
11275:
11261:
11057:McClain, James L. and Wakita, Osamu, eds.
11007:Kabuki Heroes on the Osaka Stage 1780–1830
10763:
10563:"The Roots: Food Library - Kuidaore Osaka"
10317:. Mercer.com. July 7, 2009. Archived from
10271:. Long Finance. March 2017. Archived from
9788:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
9112:Kabuki Heroes on the Osaka Stage 1780–1830
8680:Navigate to the equivalent Japanese page (
8022:
7742:
6979:(registered tangible cultural property) –
6968:(registered tangible cultural property) –
6946:(registered tangible cultural property) –
6935:(Registered Tangible Cultural property) –
6898:(registered tangible cultural property) –
6853:(Registered Tangible Cultural Property) –
6355:Leisure facilities and high-rise buildings
5863:National High School Baseball Championship
5210:as well as numerous private lines such as
4676:. If implemented, Osaka City, neighboring
1845:
657:
10846:The American Chamber of Commerce in Japan
10792:The American Chamber of Commerce in Japan
10036:
9751:"More About Osaka, Osaka City Government"
9341:
8735:
6900:Sumitomo Mitsui Bank Osaka Central Branch
6255:Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences
4621:Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Osaka Office
1689:
1644:The Sumiyoshi-matsuri in the 16th century
1394:was first built in 593 CE and the oldest
905:cities in Japan. The city is home to the
864:second-largest metropolitan area in Japan
11818:; Note: ☆ - Cities to become core cities
11075:Michelin Red Guide Kyoto Osaka Kobe 2011
10972:
10868:
10491:"Osaka - the world's greatest food city"
10292:大証との経営統合、ようやく決着 ジャスダック : J-CASTニュース
10083:The Mainichi Shimbun (February 27, 2012)
9913:
8645:
8501:
8489:. Statistics Bureau of Japan. p. 21
8478:
8476:
8474:
8472:
8448:
8394:List of metropolitan areas by population
7752:
7354:
6358:
6221:, founded in 1991, is located in nearby
6187:
6177:
6101:The five TV networks are represented by
6015:
5820:
5766:
5734:
5593:
5568:
5384:
5373:
5365:
5357:
5342:
5331:
5323:
5319:
4868:
4851:
4684:of Osaka prefecture – similar to former
1976:
1298:
1161:
10921:
10266:"The Global Financial Centres Index 21"
10037:Yoshimura, Hirofumi (October 2, 2018).
8804:"Enjoying Sakai - Kofun Tombs (Tumuli)"
8624:
8622:
8620:
8524:
7727:Japan Evangelical Lutheran Osaka Church
7427:
7059:(registered tangible cultural property)
6722:
6450:(Registered Tangible Cultural Property)
6165:
1442:Remains of Naniwa-no-Miya Palace (2017)
933:. Famous landmarks in the city include
830:, and one of the three major cities of
14:
14022:
11129:31#1 (Winter 2005), pp. 27–60 in
10315:"Worldwide Cost of Living survey 2009"
10121:The Mainichi Shimbun (April 10, 2012)
10102:The Mainichi Shimbun (March 19, 2012)
10069:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
9621:. Lonely Planet. 2010. pp. 146–.
8531:. Brill Publishers. pp. 153–154.
8412:This name was historically written as
7022:Japanese Christian Church Osaka Church
6735:
5996:Osaka is the home of the 2011 created
5892:, a basketball team that plays in the
5708:, staging straight plays and musicals.
5108:Osaka Port Transport System Hokkō Line
4923:, specializing in derivatives such as
3909:
1447:
1386:(Kyoto today) and other destinations.
510:225.21 km (86.95 sq mi)
13265:
12981:
12623:
11829:
11256:
11243:
10488:
9768:Japanese Imperial Commission (1878).
9509:"Osaka, Japan Geographic Information"
8469:
7805:, United States (since November 1973)
7160:Osaka International Convention Center
7118:
7112:Osaka Municipal Transportation Bureau
7050:Miki Instruments Main Store Kaiseikan
6915:Nippon Christian Church Naniwa Church
6793:Osaka Prefectural Nakanoshima Library
6592:Hakubo Memorial Park Tsurumi Ryokuchi
6328:Osaka Prefectural Nakanoshima Library
6231:American Chamber of Commerce in Japan
5979:Women's Volleyball World Championship
5258:Regular bus services are provided by
4958:(also known as Greater Osaka) in the
2017:), which makes it more southern than
1885:On March 7, 2014, the 300-meter tall
1347:). Although the capital was moved to
799:
780:
11475:
11320:
11196:
10916:Bibliography of the history of Osaka
10614:from the original on October 4, 2002
10445:Reiber, Beth; Janie Spencer (2008).
9466:"Tallest high-rise nears completion"
9132:. Houghton Mifflin Company. p.
8945:"歴史年表 (History of Sumiyoshi-taisha)"
8617:
6996:Miki Musical Instrument Headquarters
6948:former Konishi Gisuke store building
6521:
6201:Osaka Prefectural Board of Education
5853:, plays a part of its home games in
5565:– luxury goods and department stores
5396:
4945:
4866:subsidies of public transportation.
4606:Kinki Regional Transportation Bureau
3050:The city's west side is a prominent
1858:. It was introduced by former mayor
1790:. On March 13, 1945, a total of 329
1085:was official name in 1868 after the
1053:(earth) is also similar to the word
11816:List of mergers in Osaka Prefecture
11046:ProQuest Dissertations & Theses
10975:An Encyclopedia of Japanese Castles
10372:"The world's most expensive cities"
10182:from the original on June 24, 2008.
9930:from the original on April 29, 2011
9439:. November 18, 2020. Archived from
6874:Osaka Municipal Aizuku Kindergarten
6829:Osaka Prefectural Government Office
6244:Colleges and universities include:
5945:Osaka International Ladies Marathon
5730:
4692:to the prefectural administration.
1026:published in 1808, states that the
24:
11038:Rebuilding Urban Japan after 1945.
10909:
10698:Mooney, Sean; ebrary, Inc (2000).
10347:. Mercer LLC. 2013. Archived from
9677:"Kamagasaki: Japan's biggest slum"
9474:. October 23, 2013. Archived from
9380:Eric Johnston (November 2, 2020).
9007:. January 29, 2018. Archived from
7088:– MOL Mitsui Tsuki Port Building (
6460:
6333:
5763:takes place in Osaka every March.
5693:, is Osaka Central Public Hall, a
5611:, where traditional puppet plays,
5540:Other shopping districts include:
4715:
3904:
3230:
3047:slums, the largest slum in Japan.
2848:Osaka skyline towards Umeda (2014)
1993:, with one exception: the city of
1967:, second-tallest building in Japan
1243:, which had widened to the south.
25:
14061:
14045:Populated coastal places in Japan
11136:
10407:Brookings Institution report 2015
8985:(in German). University of Vienna
8748:"Tezukayama Ancient Burial Mound"
7381:Osaka Municipal Central Gymnasium
6887:Insurance Head Office Building –
5584:Entertainment and performing arts
5062:
4876:in the Kitahama district of Osaka
4612:Kinki Regional Development Bureau
1011:) were mixed use, and the writer
13293:
11457:
11283:
11222:
11205:
11174:
11165:The New Student's Reference Work
10819:. Retrieved on November 1, 2015.
10489:Booth, Michael (July 13, 2009).
9914:JOHNSTON, ERIC (June 29, 2002).
8754:. April 15, 2014. Archived from
8727:. April 21, 2011. Archived from
8449:Johnston, Eric (April 8, 2019).
8363:
8350:
8337:
8324:
8311:
8298:
8285:
8272:
8247:
8235:
8222:
8209:
8192:
8175:
8162:
8145:
8132:
8119:
8106:
8093:
8080:
8063:
8050:
8037:
8009:
7996:
7983:
7970:
7957:
7929:
7916:
7903:
7886:
7873:
7856:
7839:
7822:
7809:
7792:
7779:
7329:
7315:
7301:
7280:
6990:(Important Cultural Property) –
6957:(important cultural property) –
6883:(Important Cultural Property) –
6819:(Important Cultural Property) –
6795:(Important Cultural Property) –
6791:(Important Cultural Property) –
6710:
6689:
6675:
6661:
5841:team, playing its home games at
5077:
5038:
5023:
4720:
4643:Osaka Meteorological Observatory
4296:
3158:
3143:
3128:
3113:
3098:
2875:
2855:
2841:
2829:
1985:The city's west side is open to
1957:
1941:
1929:
1913:
1677:
1665:
1649:
1637:
1622:
1504:in Osaka thus began to organize
1435:
1421:
1406:
1192:which is located in the central
361:
354:
331:
324:
301:
294:
265:
258:
238:
219:
209:
149:
140:
129:
120:
111:
100:
91:
80:
43:Designated city in Kansai, Japan
27:Designated city in Kansai, Japan
11127:The Journal of Japanese Studies
10851:
10822:
10797:
10735:
10718:
10690:
10672:
10654:
10626:
10600:
10581:
10555:
10529:
10501:
10482:
10465:
10438:
10412:
10400:
10389:
10363:
10333:
10307:
10289:経営に資する統合的内部監査 (June 11, 2008).
10282:
10258:
10232:
10218:
10186:
10162:
10134:
10115:
10096:
10077:
10030:
10004:
9989:
9967:
9942:
9907:
9881:
9845:
9818:
9796:
9761:
9743:
9695:
9679:. April 8, 2014. Archived from
9669:
9609:
9583:
9554:
9531:
9501:
9490:
9392:
9350:
9313:
9304:
9280:
9266:
9260:31#1 (Winter 2005), p.27-60 in
9250:
9237:
9223:
9207:. Osaka-info.jp. Archived from
9185:The Journal of Japanese Studies
9177:
9150:
9117:
9104:
9078:
9059:
9023:
8997:
8967:
8937:
8904:
8876:
8860:
8826:
8796:
8762:
8713:
8701:
8453:– via Japan Times Online.
8406:
8261:
7350:
7114:(Osaka City Electricity Bureau)
6806:Old Mint Foundry Front Entrance
6731:main shrine (national treasure)
6324:Osaka Municipal Central Library
6239:Osaka YMCA International School
6135:Yomiuri Telecasting Corporation
6096:
5936:, is held annually in Osaka at
5857:as well, when their homeground
5004:largest urban area in the world
4663:
4649:Osaka Regional Aerospace Bureau
4646:Osaka Public Prosecutors Office
3890:
1812:between the 1950s and the 1980s
1246:
1122:Origins: Jōmon and Yayoi period
1114:For a chronological guide, see
10680:"BANDY Festival 2012 in OSAKA"
10341:"2013 Cost of Living Rankings"
9703:"Osaka Travel: Osaka Bay Area"
9663:"Osaka Travel: Minami (Namba)"
9406:. July 7, 2009. Archived from
9360:. May 19, 2017. Archived from
9160:The Cambridge History of Japan
8552:
8528:The Chronicle of Lord Nobunaga
8518:
8457:
8442:
7852:, Australia (since April 1978)
7068:Tsuki Port Red Brick Warehouse
6782:Osaka City Central Public Hall
6227:Great Hanshin-Awaji earthquake
6148:Osaka Broadcasting Corporation
6111:Kansai Telecasting Corporation
6103:Asahi Broadcasting Corporation
5370:Chayamachi district in Kita-ku
5300:along with domestic routes to
5090:The black lines represent the
5030:Greater Osaka (without Kyoto)
4898:Global Financial Centres Index
4655:Osaka Regional Taxation Bureau
2964:and Horie. The 300-meter tall
737:
723:
13:
1:
13010:World Athletics Championships
10638:. Shiki.gr.jp. Archived from
9975:"Osaka City Council homepage"
9723:; Tomoaki Utsunomiya (2004).
9187:31#1 (Winter 2005), pp. 27–60
8609:. May 1, 2007. Archived from
8514:. Statistics Bureau of Japan.
8435:
7948:Friendship cooperation cities
7912:, Brazil (since October 1969)
7079:Sumitomo Warehouse Tsuki Port
6480:(important cultural property)
6346:
6299:Osaka University of Education
6289:Minamikawachi District, Osaka
6270:Osaka Institute of Technology
6265:Osaka University of Economics
6260:Osaka Metropolitan University
6193:Osaka Metropolitan University
6036:
5845:. Another baseball team, the
5799:Osaka Municipal Museum of Art
5747:, is held on July 24 and 25 (
5503:, as well as the traditional
5413:Other shopping areas include
5351:among numerous signboards at
4735:Kansai Electric Power Company
4600:Kinki Regional Finance Bureau
4594:, Fifth Regional Headquarters
4358:Osaka Restoration Association
4264:
2553:Average snowfall cm (inches)
2005:, and the lowest point is in
1864:Osaka Restoration Association
1862:, leader of the reform party
1784:United States Army Air Forces
1320:Naniwa Nagara-Toyosaki Palace
963:Sumiyoshi Taisha Grand Shrine
927:Osaka Metropolitan University
551:12,214/km (31,630/sq mi)
362:
332:
302:
266:
11151:Official Osaka Tourist Guide
9889:"住民基本台帳人口・外国人人口(令和3年3月末日現在)"
9646:"Osaka Travel: Kita (Umeda)"
9515:. April 2022. Archived from
8637:(7): 101–112. Archived from
7952:Osaka also cooperates with:
7882:, Russia (since August 1979)
6861:Osaka (Sumitomo Building) –
6484:Ruins of Naniwanomiya Palace
6473:Kawaguchi foreign settlement
6315:
6173:
6119:Mainichi Broadcasting System
5865:games during summer season.
5861:is occupied with the annual
5839:Nippon Professional Baseball
5682:is a multi-purpose arena in
5666:Osaka Philharmonic Orchestra
5267:Kansai International Airport
5032:Metropolitan Employment Area
4848:Keihanshin industrial region
4754:the disposing of spent fuel.
4616:Kinki Regional Police Bureau
4556:Note: As of October 27, 2017
2866:Osaka skyline at night from
2819:
1972:
1586:Kawaguchi foreign settlement
972:
860:Keihanshin Metropolitan Area
7:
11179:Geographic data related to
11143:Osaka City official website
10991:De Lange, William. (2022).
10844:), Volume 40, Issues 7–12.
10790:), Volume 40, Issues 7–12.
10608:"National Theatre of Japan"
10409:, retrieved August 23, 2015
9569:Japan Meteorological Agency
9545:Japan Meteorological Agency
9258:Journal of Japanese Studies
8698:for additional information.
8377:
7386:Osaka Prefectural Gymnasium
6309:Tokiwakai Gakuen University
6141:), headquartered in Osaka.
5966:Osaka made the bid for the
5938:Osaka Prefectural Gymnasium
5917:
5878:Suita City Football Stadium
5791:Museum of Oriental Ceramics
5524:
5505:
5486:
5463:
5444:
5279:Osaka International Airport
4940:Economist Intelligence Unit
4609:Kinki Communications Bureau
4241:, a typical sub-dialect of
2938:
2623:Average precipitation days
2339:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
2199:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
2067:
1606:
1519:. Many if not all of these
1184:
1143:
1098:
795:
772:
10:
14066:
14035:Cities in Osaka Prefecture
10973:De Lange, William (2021).
10913:
10862:February 14, 2008, at the
10635:劇団四季 サイトインフォメーション Theatres
10508:Shinbunsha, Asahi (1979).
10476:December 22, 2008, at the
10451:. Frommer's. p. 388.
9234:Dissertations & Theses
8839:. Kodansha International.
8775:. Kodansha International.
8694:February 26, 2009, at the
8565:. Routledge. p. 650.
8266:Osaka's sister ports are:
7942:, Canada (since June 1994)
7925:, China (since April 1974)
7818:, Germany (since May 1989)
7765:Twin towns – sister cities
7746:
6904:Koraibashi Nomura Building
6631:Osaka Nanko Bird Sanctuary
5884:, plays its home games at
5876:, plays its home games at
5770:
5622:can be enjoyed as well as
5587:
5547:– fashion for young people
5066:
4841:
4837:
4827:a nuclear safety agreement
4799:13 former civil engineers.
4268:
4230:
4226:
3229:
3074:KoreaTown, as well as the
2956:canal entertainment area,
2811:
2079:
2036:
1780:Osaka came under air raids
1739:until 1941, manufacturing
1735:operated a factory called
1486:). Over the course of the
1113:
1109:
29:
14040:Port settlements in Japan
13520:
13389:
13338:
13306:
13016:
12658:
12652:most-populous urban areas
12606:
12570:
12442:
12119:
12006:
11871:
11867:
11813:
11717:
11596:
11573:
11525:
11466:
11455:
11311:
11295:
11250:
11245:Links to related articles
11031:Urbanism past and Present
10995:. Groningen: Toyo Press.
10943:10.1017/S0080440118000063
10593:October 20, 2014, at the
9051:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
8868:
8683:
8423:
8415:
7869:, Italy (since June 1981)
7835:, France (since May 1984)
6855:Osaka Securities Exchange
6799:Osaka Branch Old Building
6745:Osaka Central Post Office
6421:Asia Pacific Trade Center
5926:
5816:
5761:Osaka Asian Film Festival
5535:, pressed mackerel sushi)
5531:
5516:
5497:
5474:
5455:
5194:
5181:
5168:
5155:
5142:
5129:
4921:Osaka Securities Exchange
4844:Hanshin Industrial Region
4652:Osaka Regional Law Bureau
4554:
4544:
4384:
4353:
4345:
4334:
4329:
4317:
4307:
4295:
4291:The Mayor and the Council
4290:
4285:
3922:—
3871:
3843:
3815:
3787:
3759:
3731:
3703:
3675:
3647:
3619:
3591:
3563:
3535:
3507:
3476:
3448:
3420:
3392:
3364:
3336:
3308:
3280:
3252:
3214:
3000:
2932:
2902:
2887:
2764:
2717:
2669:
2622:
2552:
2478:
2408:
2338:
2268:
2198:
2128:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2061:
2043:humid subtropical climate
1899:Azabudai Hills Main Tower
1792:Boeing B-29 Superfortress
1656:Japanese painting of the
1600:
1508:where they would store a
1484:Four divisions of society
1342:
1330:
1267:was discovered nearby in
1178:
1137:
1092:
1080:
1072:
1064:
1056:
1048:
1040:
1032:
1002:
990:
788:
763:
748:
730:
716:
711:
707:
681:
676:
656:
652:
647:
625:
617:
607:
597:
587:
570:
555:
547:
537:
526:
521:
514:
503:
498:
480:
470:
465:
453:
441:
429:
419:
384:
285:Show map of Kansai region
252:
237:
233:
205:
160:From top, left to right:
74:
69:
60:
48:
12913:
12855:
12789:
12731:
10805:School Profile 2014–2015
10743:
10634:
10291:
10142:
9804:"2005 Population Census"
9562:
9547:
9539:
8884:
8873:、 NAID 110007523974。P.31
8769:Wada, Stephanie (2003).
8512:"2015 Census Final Data"
8399:
8346:(friendship port treaty)
7665:Honganji Tsumura Betsuin
7571:Tsunashiki Tenjin Shrine
7484:Tamatsukuri Inari Shrine
7391:Maruzen Intec Osaka Pool
7323:National Bunraku Theater
7199:National Bunraku Theatre
6339:The Japanese Academy of
6285:Osaka University of Arts
6011:
6000:and the introduction of
5650:. The theater is in the
5609:National Bunraku Theater
5459:, pan-fried batter cake)
5220:Hanshin Electric Railway
5100:Osaka Monorail Main Line
4856:A street in Umeda, Osaka
4796:10 former fire-fighters,
4374:Japanese Communist Party
4366:and Citizen's Club (20),
4363:Liberal Democratic Party
4349:83 councilors (7 vacant)
4261:in negative verb forms.
2041:Osaka is located in the
1981:Satellite image of Osaka
1948:View of Osaka after the
1936:Sennichimae area in 1916
1102:refers to Osaka City or
850:in Japan, following the
848:third-most populous city
688:
10889:. Osaka. Archived from
10729:March 10, 2010, at the
10226:"Osaka 2015 Population"
10128:April 14, 2012, at the
10109:March 19, 2012, at the
9334:doi:10.1155/2011/692764
9072:Harvard Business School
8833:Stephanie Wada (2003).
8023:Business partner cities
7743:International relations
7602:Shitennoji Honbo Garden
7177:Osaka Castle Music Hall
7044:Osaka (Nankai Namba) –
6859:Sumitomo Mitsui Banking
6844:Kitahama Retro Building
6717:Yodogawa Riverside Park
6416:Universal Studios Japan
6399:Tempozan Harbor Village
6364:Universal Studios Japan
6280:Osaka Seikei University
5972:2008 Summer Paralympics
5807:Osaka Museum of History
5755:), Shōryō-e (April 22,
5228:Nankai Electric Railway
5212:Keihan Electric Railway
5069:Transport in Keihanshin
4275:Municipalities of Japan
3501:(administrative center)
3163:There are currently 24
3064:Tempozan Harbor Village
3060:Universal Studios Japan
1891:Yokohama Landmark Tower
1846:21st century to present
939:Osaka Aquarium Kaiyukan
11881:Special wards of Tokyo
11725:Minamikawachi District
11095:Development and Change
10922:Benesch, Oleg (2018).
10811:March 6, 2016, at the
10662:"Bandy came to Japan!"
9920:The Japan Times Online
9540:気象庁 - 過去の梅雨入りと梅雨明け(近畿)
9326:Urban Studies Research
7761:
7421:Maishima Sports Island
7363:
7143:Morinomiya Piloti Hall
7018:Shimojoba (Nishisenba)
6840:Kitasenba, Minamisenba
6366:
6275:Osaka Jogakuin College
6195:
6185:
6021:
5998:Japan Bandy Federation
5930:, "Spring Tournament")
5910:Hanazono Rugby Stadium
5888:. The city is home to
5830:
5779:National Museum of Art
5740:
5603:
5600:National Museum of Art
5574:
5435:
5393:
5382:
5371:
5363:
5355:
5340:
5329:
4877:
4857:
4279:Politics of Osaka City
4209:Great Kantō earthquake
3236:
3235:A map of Osaka's Wards
1982:
1856:Special wards of Tokyo
1814:, it is known as the "
1690:Meiji to Heisei period
1544:depictions of life in
1171:
852:special wards of Tokyo
404:34.69389°N 135.50222°E
36:Osaka (disambiguation)
34:. For other uses, see
11097:1986 17(1): 121–157.
11068:May 13, 2012, at the
11036:Hein, Carola, et al.
11033:1977–1978 (5): 23–36.
11023:May 13, 2012, at the
9364:on November 27, 2020.
9320:Jacobs, A.J. (2011).
9288:Continuity and Change
9092:on September 14, 2007
9011:on September 23, 2016
8955:on September 24, 2015
8684:大阪市の歴史 タイムトリップ20,000年
8613:on December 28, 2012.
8525:Gyūichi, Ōta (2011).
8331:Port of San Francisco
7756:
7721:Japan Anglican Church
7416:Yodoko Sakura Stadium
7362:is visible at center.
7358:
7337:Tenma Tenjin Hanjotei
7245:Tenma Tenjin Hanjotei
6756:Central Electric Club
6362:
6191:
6181:
6019:
5824:
5797:under natural light.
5767:Museums and galleries
5738:
5607:Osaka is home to the
5597:
5572:
5388:
5377:
5369:
5361:
5346:
5335:
5327:
5320:Culture and lifestyle
4996:urban region in Japan
4950:Osaka is part of the
4872:
4855:
4670:Osaka Metropolis plan
4579:, former governor of
3896:Historical population
3234:
1980:
1632:(first built in 1583)
1299:Asuka and Nara period
1165:
913:corporations such as
244:Location of Osaka in
12572:Prefectural capitals
11005:Gerstle, C. Andrew.
10960:on November 20, 2018
10848:(ACCJ), 2003. p. 41.
10794:(ACCJ), 2003. p. 43.
10686:on October 16, 2012.
9388:on November 2, 2020.
9290:2000 15(1): 99–116.
8885:史跡 難波宮跡, 財団法人 大阪都市協会
8758:on December 1, 2017.
8752:www.city.osaka.lg.jp
8731:on December 1, 2017.
8725:www.city.osaka.lg.jp
8641:on December 1, 2017.
7979:, South Korea (2008)
7833:Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
7428:Religious facilities
7406:Yanmar Stadium Nagai
7269:Festival Hall, Osaka
7064:Osaka Port/Kawaguchi
6981:Cotton Industry Hall
6723:Ancient architecture
6166:Publishing companies
6056:Nihon Keizai Shimbun
5968:2008 Summer Olympics
5886:Yanmar Stadium Nagai
5849:, although based in
5783:Osaka Science Museum
5689:Nearby City Hall in
4793:16 former policemen,
4628:Osaka District Court
4286:Local administration
2952:shopping areas, the
2913:Kita is home to the
2129:Record high °C (°F)
1708:government ordinance
1568:at the same time as
1309:Higashiyodogawa ward
1280:, Osaka Prefecture.
1045:was used. The kanji
548: • Density
13339:1,000,000–1,999,999
13008:Host cities of the
12610:prefectural capital
12576:without designation
11857:Metropolitan cities
10150:on December 7, 2006
9343:10.1155/2011/692764
9110:C. Andrew Gerstle,
8979:"Religion in Japan"
8949:sumiyoshitaisha.net
7506:Namba Yasaka Shrine
7257:Namba Grand Kagetsu
7165:Osaka Shiki Theater
7090:Osaka Merchant Ship
7034:Shinsaibashi/Namba
6802:Around Osaka Castle
6736:Modern architecture
6580:Yodogawa River Park
6389:Osaka Business Park
5702:Osaka Shiki Theater
5674:Vienna Philharmonic
5670:Berlin Philharmonic
4952:metropolitan region
4658:Osaka Summary Court
4640:Osaka Labour Bureau
4427:Higashisumiyoshi-ku
4391:Ward (no. of seats)
4385:Seats by districts:
3897:
3358:Higashisumiyoshi-ku
3080:Osaka Business Park
2409:Record low °C (°F)
2269:Daily mean °C (°F)
2015:35th parallel north
2013:of 34.67 (near the
1607:"Ōsaka wa kuidaore"
1556:theaters. In 1837,
1448:Heian to Edo period
581:Japan Standard Time
409:34.69389; 135.50222
400: /
166:Osaka Business Park
13307:2,000,000 and more
12664:
10642:on August 13, 2010
10420:"大阪市データネット 1 主要指標"
10246:on January 3, 2007
10206:on August 22, 2018
10090:July 10, 2012, at
10065:cite press release
10051:on October 3, 2018
9977:. City.osaka.lg.jp
9853:"大阪市外国人住民国籍別区別人員数"
9563:気象庁 / 平年値(年・月ごとの値)
9443:on January 9, 2021
9276:. August 25, 2008.
8370:Port of Valparaiso
7992:, Argentina (1998)
7762:
7479:Ikukunitama Shrine
7411:Yanmar Field Nagai
7396:Kyocera Dome Osaka
7364:
7138:Umeda Arts Theater
7119:Theaters and halls
6959:Osaka Gas Building
6438:Umeda Sky Building
6367:
6196:
6186:
6022:
5904:team, play in the
5855:Kyocera Dome Osaka
5851:Nishinomiya, Hyōgo
5843:Kyocera Dome Osaka
5831:
5741:
5658:Umeda Arts Theater
5604:
5575:
5394:
5383:
5372:
5364:
5356:
5341:
5330:
5253:Shin-Osaka Station
5106:(center), and the
5000:Greater Tokyo area
4878:
4858:
4631:Osaka Family Court
4569:Local Autonomy Law
4565:Osaka City Council
4549:Osaka City Council
4433:Higashiyodogawa-ku
4271:Local Autonomy Law
3895:
3386:Higashiyodogawa-ku
3237:
2919:Osaka Station City
2868:Umeda Sky Building
1983:
1788:air raids on Japan
1672:Map of Osaka, 1686
1469:Toyotomi Hideyoshi
1461:Ishiyama Hongan-ji
1234:Sumiyoshi drawings
1172:
1069:means against, so
868:largest urban area
782:[oːsakaɕi]
562:19,303,000 (2019,
475:Osaka City Council
14017:
14016:
14011:
14010:
13259:
13258:
12975:
12974:
12970:
12969:
12617:
12616:
12602:
12601:
12577:
12008:Designated cities
11823:
11822:
11521:
11520:
11453:
11452:
11306:
11113:978-0-8108-3622-8
10984:978-94-92722-30-0
10893:on April 15, 2021
10711:978-1-56720-361-5
10610:. Ntj.jac.go.jp.
10569:on March 27, 2015
10543:on March 27, 2015
10511:Japan Quarterly,
10458:978-0-470-18100-3
10278:on June 11, 2017.
10018:. October 6, 2018
9998:, July 31, 2012:
9960:978-0-8131-2035-5
9951:The Japanese City
9838:978-0-8131-2035-5
9828:The Japanese City
9757:on April 2, 2003.
9736:978-90-5809-680-7
9719:Eiichi Watanabe;
9628:978-1-74179-996-5
9478:on April 28, 2021
9170:978-0-521-22356-0
9143:978-0-618-13384-0
8930:978-0-415-11768-5
8846:978-4-7700-2939-3
8782:978-4-7700-2939-3
8670:on March 22, 2009
8607:www.osaka-info.jp
8538:978-90-04-20162-0
8305:Port of Melbourne
7559:Tsuyunoten Shrine
7535:Abe Seimei Shrine
7204:The Symphony Hall
6825:Osaka City Museum
6697:Sakuranomiya Park
6683:Osaka Castle Park
6568:Sakuranomiya Park
6551:Osaka Castle Park
6522:Parks and gardens
6377:Osaka Garden City
6250:Kansai University
6183:Kansai University
6079:, and offices of
6044:The Asahi Shimbun
6029:or in Tokyo. The
6004:, in the form of
5397:Shopping and food
5362:Grand Front Osaka
5245:trains including
4946:Keihanshin region
4882:Nomura Securities
4637:Osaka Immigration
4592:Japan Coast Guard
4561:
4560:
4557:
4338:Toshifumi Tagaya
4325:Tsuyoshi Yamamoto
4253:, and the suffix
4201:
4200:
3888:
3887:
3502:
3076:Osaka Castle Park
2816:
2815:
2767:ultraviolet index
2672:relative humidity
1870:According to the
1804:Japan's surrender
1696:Meiji Restoration
1582:Meiji Restoration
1398:temple in Japan.
1116:Timeline of Osaka
1087:Meiji Restoration
1024:Setsuyo Ochiboshu
1013:Hamamatsu Utakuni
931:Kansai University
883:Meiji Restoration
752:
751:
744:
743:
643:
642:
618:Phone number
538: • Rank
488:Hideyuki Yokoyama
471: • Body
375:Show map of Earth
315:Show map of Japan
16:(Redirected from
14057:
13298:
13297:
13286:
13279:
13272:
13263:
13262:
13252:
13239:
13226:
13215:
13204:
13193:
13182:
13171:
13160:
13149:
13138:
13127:
13116:
13105:
13094:
13083:
13072:
13061:
13050:
13039:
13028:
13002:
12995:
12988:
12979:
12978:
12821:Osaka–Kobe–Kyoto
12816:Ho Chi Minh City
12661:
12660:
12644:
12637:
12630:
12621:
12620:
12575:
11873:Tokyo Metropolis
11869:
11868:
11850:
11843:
11836:
11827:
11826:
11759:Senboku District
11747:Mishima District
11473:
11472:
11461:
11355:Higashisumiyoshi
11318:
11317:
11300:
11289:Osaka Prefecture
11287:
11277:
11270:
11263:
11254:
11253:
11241:
11240:
11235:
11227:
11226:
11225:
11218:
11210:
11209:
11208:
11198:
11178:
11177:
11171:
11169:
11160:
11147:
11118:Ruble, Blair A.
11087:(1987). 334 pp.
11061:(1999). 295 pp.
11012:Hanes, Jeffrey.
11001:978-949-2722-386
10988:
10969:
10967:
10965:
10959:
10953:. Archived from
10928:
10903:
10902:
10900:
10898:
10887:city.osaka.lg.jp
10879:
10866:
10855:
10849:
10830:education kansai
10828:Stewart, Alex. "
10826:
10820:
10801:
10795:
10776:educating kansai
10774:Stewart, Alex. "
10772:
10761:
10760:
10758:
10756:
10751:on April 6, 2009
10739:
10733:
10722:
10716:
10715:
10694:
10688:
10687:
10682:. Archived from
10676:
10670:
10669:
10664:. Archived from
10658:
10652:
10651:
10649:
10647:
10630:
10624:
10623:
10621:
10619:
10604:
10598:
10588:Osaka Food Guide
10585:
10579:
10578:
10576:
10574:
10565:. Archived from
10559:
10553:
10552:
10550:
10548:
10539:. Archived from
10533:
10527:
10526:
10524:
10522:
10513:Asahi Shinbunsha
10505:
10499:
10498:
10486:
10480:
10469:
10463:
10462:
10442:
10436:
10435:
10433:
10431:
10422:. Archived from
10416:
10410:
10404:
10398:
10396:NationMaster.com
10393:
10387:
10386:
10384:
10382:
10367:
10361:
10360:
10358:
10356:
10351:on July 25, 2011
10337:
10331:
10330:
10328:
10326:
10321:on July 25, 2011
10311:
10305:
10304:
10302:
10300:
10286:
10280:
10279:
10277:
10270:
10262:
10256:
10255:
10253:
10251:
10242:. Archived from
10236:
10230:
10229:
10222:
10216:
10215:
10213:
10211:
10205:
10199:. Archived from
10198:
10190:
10184:
10183:
10181:
10174:
10166:
10160:
10159:
10157:
10155:
10143:大阪市データネット 市民経済計算
10138:
10132:
10119:
10113:
10100:
10094:
10081:
10075:
10074:
10068:
10060:
10058:
10056:
10050:
10043:
10034:
10028:
10027:
10025:
10023:
10008:
10002:
9993:
9987:
9986:
9984:
9982:
9971:
9965:
9964:
9946:
9940:
9939:
9937:
9935:
9911:
9905:
9904:
9902:
9900:
9895:on July 24, 2021
9891:. Archived from
9885:
9879:
9878:
9876:
9874:
9868:
9862:. Archived from
9857:
9849:
9843:
9842:
9822:
9816:
9815:
9813:
9811:
9800:
9794:
9793:
9787:
9779:
9765:
9759:
9758:
9753:. Archived from
9747:
9741:
9740:
9721:Dan M. Frangopol
9716:
9707:
9706:
9699:
9693:
9692:
9690:
9688:
9683:on July 14, 2014
9673:
9667:
9666:
9659:
9650:
9649:
9642:
9633:
9632:
9613:
9607:
9606:
9604:
9602:
9597:. Yu Media Group
9587:
9581:
9580:
9578:
9576:
9558:
9552:
9551:
9535:
9529:
9528:
9526:
9524:
9505:
9499:
9494:
9488:
9487:
9485:
9483:
9462:
9453:
9452:
9450:
9448:
9429:
9420:
9419:
9417:
9415:
9410:on March 4, 2016
9396:
9390:
9389:
9384:. Archived from
9377:
9366:
9365:
9354:
9348:
9347:
9345:
9317:
9311:
9308:
9302:
9284:
9278:
9277:
9270:
9264:
9254:
9248:
9243:Blair A. Ruble,
9241:
9235:
9227:
9221:
9220:
9218:
9216:
9211:on March 6, 2010
9201:
9188:
9181:
9175:
9174:
9154:
9148:
9147:
9131:
9121:
9115:
9108:
9102:
9101:
9099:
9097:
9088:. Archived from
9082:
9076:
9075:
9063:
9057:
9056:
9050:
9042:
9040:
9038:
9027:
9021:
9020:
9018:
9016:
9001:
8995:
8994:
8992:
8990:
8975:Scheid, Bernhard
8971:
8965:
8964:
8962:
8960:
8951:. Archived from
8941:
8935:
8934:
8918:
8908:
8902:
8901:
8899:
8897:
8880:
8874:
8872:
8871:
8870:
8864:
8858:
8857:
8855:
8853:
8830:
8824:
8823:
8821:
8819:
8814:on July 22, 2011
8810:. Archived from
8800:
8794:
8793:
8791:
8789:
8766:
8760:
8759:
8744:
8733:
8732:
8721:"Sumiyoshi Ward"
8717:
8711:
8705:
8699:
8687:
8686:
8685:
8679:
8677:
8675:
8666:. Archived from
8660:
8643:
8642:
8626:
8615:
8614:
8599:
8584:
8583:
8581:
8579:
8556:
8550:
8549:
8547:
8545:
8522:
8516:
8515:
8508:
8499:
8498:
8496:
8494:
8488:
8480:
8467:
8461:
8455:
8454:
8446:
8429:
8427:
8426:
8425:
8419:
8418:
8417:
8410:
8368:
8367:
8357:Port of Valencia
8355:
8354:
8344:Port of Shanghai
8342:
8341:
8329:
8328:
8316:
8315:
8303:
8302:
8292:Port of Le Havre
8290:
8289:
8277:
8276:
8252:
8251:
8240:
8239:
8227:
8226:
8214:
8213:
8197:
8196:
8180:
8179:
8167:
8166:
8150:
8149:
8137:
8136:
8124:
8123:
8111:
8110:
8100:Ho Chi Minh City
8098:
8097:
8085:
8084:
8068:
8067:
8055:
8054:
8042:
8041:
8014:
8013:
8005:, Ukraine (2022)
8001:
8000:
7988:
7987:
7975:
7974:
7966:, Hungary (1998)
7962:
7961:
7934:
7933:
7921:
7920:
7908:
7907:
7891:
7890:
7880:Saint Petersburg
7878:
7877:
7861:
7860:
7844:
7843:
7827:
7826:
7814:
7813:
7797:
7796:
7784:
7783:
7718:
7706:
7685:
7673:
7661:
7639:
7622:
7610:
7584:
7576:Asahi Shinmeisha
7567:
7555:
7543:
7526:
7514:
7502:
7494:Mitsu Hachimangu
7475:
7458:
7440:Sumiyoshi Taisha
7377:
7345:
7333:
7319:
7305:
7296:
7284:
7265:
7253:
7236:
7224:
7212:
7185:
7173:
7151:
7134:
7109:
7101:Mitsui Warehouse
7098:
7087:
7076:
7058:
7030:
7015:
7004:
6989:
6978:
6967:
6956:
6945:
6937:Fushimi Building
6934:
6923:
6912:
6897:
6882:
6871:
6852:
6837:
6814:
6790:
6775:
6764:
6753:
6729:Sumiyoshi Taisha
6714:
6705:
6693:
6679:
6665:
6651:
6639:
6627:
6600:
6588:
6576:
6564:
6546:Nakanoshima Park
6542:
6516:
6504:
6492:
6429:
6407:
6385:
6237:established the
6208:Osaka University
6127:Television Osaka
6050:Mainichi Shimbun
6031:Ad Council Japan
5931:
5929:
5928:
5922:
5773:Museums in Osaka
5753:Sumiyoshi Taisha
5731:Annual festivals
5691:Nakanoshima Park
5615:, are performed.
5536:
5534:
5533:
5527:
5521:
5520:, pressed sushi)
5519:
5518:
5512:
5502:
5501:, a noodle dish)
5500:
5499:
5493:
5483:
5482:in fried batter)
5477:
5476:
5470:
5460:
5458:
5457:
5451:
5440:
5429:and food critic
5423:Yodobashi Camera
5224:Kintetsu Railway
5199:
5197:
5196:
5186:
5184:
5183:
5173:
5171:
5170:
5160:
5158:
5157:
5147:
5145:
5144:
5134:
5132:
5131:
5116:
5081:
5045:Keihanshin with
5042:
5027:
4733:, jointly asked
4634:Osaka High Court
4581:Osaka Prefecture
4555:
4499:Nishiyodogawa-ku
4300:
4283:
4282:
4221:Zainichi Koreans
3911:
3906:
3898:
3894:
3875:
3874:
3873:
3847:
3846:
3845:
3819:
3818:
3817:
3791:
3790:
3789:
3763:
3762:
3761:
3735:
3734:
3733:
3707:
3706:
3705:
3697:Nishiyodogawa-ku
3679:
3678:
3677:
3651:
3650:
3649:
3623:
3622:
3621:
3595:
3594:
3593:
3567:
3566:
3565:
3539:
3538:
3537:
3511:
3510:
3509:
3500:
3480:
3479:
3478:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3424:
3423:
3422:
3396:
3395:
3394:
3368:
3367:
3366:
3340:
3339:
3338:
3312:
3311:
3310:
3284:
3283:
3282:
3256:
3255:
3254:
3218:
3217:
3216:
3170:
3169:
3147:
3132:
3117:
3102:
3084:Kyōbashi Station
3007:
3005:
3004:
2992:
2981:
2943:
2941:
2935:
2934:
2909:
2907:
2906:
2894:
2892:
2891:
2859:
2845:
2833:
2626:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2070:
2064:
2063:
2007:Nishiyodogawa-ku
1999:Hyōgo Prefecture
1991:Osaka Prefecture
1961:
1945:
1933:
1917:
1842:status in 1956.
1681:
1669:
1653:
1641:
1626:
1613:
1612:
1609:
1603:
1602:
1560:, a low-ranking
1558:Ōshio Heihachirō
1514:
1439:
1425:
1414:Sumiyoshi Taisha
1410:
1388:Sumiyoshi Taisha
1346:
1345:
1344:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1230:Sumiyoshi-zukuri
1218:Sumiyoshi-taisha
1191:
1190:
1187:
1185:Morinomiya iseki
1181:
1180:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1104:Osaka Prefecture
1101:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1084:
1083:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1060:
1059:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1034:
1021:
1006:
1005:
1004:
994:
993:
992:
923:Osaka University
844:Osaka Prefecture
813:
811:
810:
809:
803:
801:[oːsaka]
798:
792:
791:
790:
785:; commonly just
784:
779:
775:
765:
740:
739:
726:
725:
709:
708:
697:
661:
645:
644:
639:
636:
634:
632:
448:Osaka Prefecture
415:
414:
412:
411:
410:
405:
401:
398:
397:
396:
393:
376:
365:
364:
358:
346:
345:Show map of Asia
335:
334:
328:
316:
305:
304:
298:
286:
279:Location in the
269:
268:
262:
246:Osaka Prefecture
242:
223:
213:
182:Sumiyoshi Taisha
153:
144:
133:
124:
115:
104:
95:
84:
55:
46:
45:
32:Osaka Prefecture
21:
14065:
14064:
14060:
14059:
14058:
14056:
14055:
14054:
14020:
14019:
14018:
14013:
14012:
14007:
13878:Kure, Hiroshima
13543:Ichikawa, Chiba
13521:200,000–499,999
13516:
13390:500,000–999,999
13385:
13334:
13302:
13292:
13290:
13260:
13255:
13242:
13229:
13218:
13207:
13196:
13185:
13174:
13163:
13152:
13141:
13130:
13119:
13108:
13097:
13086:
13075:
13064:
13053:
13042:
13031:
13020:
13012:
13006:
12976:
12971:
12966:
12965:
12908:
12907:
12850:
12849:
12784:
12783:
12726:
12725:
12654:
12648:
12618:
12613:
12598:
12574:
12566:
12438:
12115:
12002:
11863:
11854:
11824:
11819:
11809:
11793:Toyono District
11771:Sennan District
11713:
11592:
11569:
11517:
11462:
11449:
11360:Higashiyodogawa
11307:
11291:
11281:
11246:
11238:
11234:from Wikivoyage
11228:
11223:
11221:
11211:
11206:
11204:
11201:
11197:sister projects
11194:at Knowledge's
11175:
11155:
11145:
11139:
11122:(2001). 464 pp.
11070:Wayback Machine
11040:(2003). 274 pp.
11025:Wayback Machine
10985:
10963:
10961:
10957:
10926:
10918:
10912:
10910:Further reading
10907:
10906:
10896:
10894:
10881:
10880:
10869:
10864:Wayback Machine
10856:
10852:
10827:
10823:
10813:Wayback Machine
10802:
10798:
10773:
10764:
10754:
10752:
10745:
10741:
10740:
10736:
10731:Wayback Machine
10723:
10719:
10712:
10695:
10691:
10678:
10677:
10673:
10668:on May 2, 2012.
10660:
10659:
10655:
10645:
10643:
10636:
10632:
10631:
10627:
10617:
10615:
10606:
10605:
10601:
10597:, The City Lane
10595:Wayback Machine
10586:
10582:
10572:
10570:
10561:
10560:
10556:
10546:
10544:
10535:
10534:
10530:
10520:
10518:
10506:
10502:
10487:
10483:
10478:Wayback Machine
10470:
10466:
10459:
10448:Frommer's Japan
10443:
10439:
10429:
10427:
10426:on May 10, 2007
10418:
10417:
10413:
10405:
10401:
10394:
10390:
10380:
10378:
10368:
10364:
10354:
10352:
10339:
10338:
10334:
10324:
10322:
10313:
10312:
10308:
10298:
10296:
10293:
10287:
10283:
10275:
10268:
10264:
10263:
10259:
10249:
10247:
10238:
10237:
10233:
10224:
10223:
10219:
10209:
10207:
10203:
10196:
10192:
10191:
10187:
10179:
10172:
10168:
10167:
10163:
10153:
10151:
10144:
10140:
10139:
10135:
10130:Wayback Machine
10120:
10116:
10111:Wayback Machine
10101:
10097:
10082:
10078:
10062:
10061:
10054:
10052:
10048:
10041:
10039:"Archived copy"
10035:
10031:
10021:
10019:
10010:
10009:
10005:
9996:The Japan Times
9994:
9990:
9980:
9978:
9973:
9972:
9968:
9961:
9947:
9943:
9933:
9931:
9924:The Japan Times
9912:
9908:
9898:
9896:
9887:
9886:
9882:
9872:
9870:
9869:on May 31, 2022
9866:
9855:
9851:
9850:
9846:
9839:
9823:
9819:
9809:
9807:
9802:
9801:
9797:
9781:
9780:
9766:
9762:
9749:
9748:
9744:
9737:
9717:
9710:
9701:
9700:
9696:
9686:
9684:
9675:
9674:
9670:
9661:
9660:
9653:
9644:
9643:
9636:
9629:
9615:
9614:
9610:
9600:
9598:
9589:
9588:
9584:
9574:
9572:
9564:
9560:
9559:
9555:
9549:
9541:
9537:
9536:
9532:
9522:
9520:
9507:
9506:
9502:
9495:
9491:
9481:
9479:
9471:The Japan Times
9464:
9463:
9456:
9446:
9444:
9431:
9430:
9423:
9413:
9411:
9398:
9397:
9393:
9378:
9369:
9356:
9355:
9351:
9318:
9314:
9309:
9305:
9285:
9281:
9272:
9271:
9267:
9255:
9251:
9242:
9238:
9228:
9224:
9214:
9212:
9203:
9202:
9191:
9182:
9178:
9171:
9155:
9151:
9144:
9122:
9118:
9109:
9105:
9095:
9093:
9084:
9083:
9079:
9064:
9060:
9044:
9043:
9036:
9034:
9029:
9028:
9024:
9014:
9012:
9003:
9002:
8998:
8988:
8986:
8972:
8968:
8958:
8956:
8943:
8942:
8938:
8931:
8909:
8905:
8895:
8893:
8886:
8882:
8881:
8877:
8866:
8865:
8861:
8851:
8849:
8847:
8831:
8827:
8817:
8815:
8802:
8801:
8797:
8787:
8785:
8783:
8767:
8763:
8746:
8745:
8736:
8719:
8718:
8714:
8710:www.treccani.it
8706:
8702:
8696:Wayback Machine
8681:
8673:
8671:
8662:
8661:
8646:
8627:
8618:
8601:
8600:
8587:
8577:
8575:
8573:
8557:
8553:
8543:
8541:
8539:
8523:
8519:
8510:
8509:
8502:
8492:
8490:
8486:
8482:
8481:
8470:
8462:
8458:
8447:
8443:
8438:
8433:
8432:
8421:
8413:
8411:
8407:
8402:
8380:
8375:
8362:
8349:
8336:
8333:, United States
8323:
8310:
8297:
8284:
8271:
8264:
8259:
8246:
8234:
8221:
8208:
8191:
8174:
8161:
8158:, United States
8144:
8131:
8118:
8105:
8092:
8079:
8062:
8049:
8036:
8025:
8018:, United States
8008:
7995:
7982:
7969:
7956:
7950:
7945:
7928:
7915:
7902:
7885:
7872:
7855:
7838:
7821:
7808:
7791:
7778:
7767:
7751:
7745:
7730:
7712:
7700:
7688:
7679:
7667:
7655:
7633:
7616:
7604:
7587:
7578:
7561:
7549:
7537:
7520:
7508:
7496:
7469:
7452:
7430:
7425:
7371:
7353:
7346:
7339:
7334:
7325:
7320:
7311:
7306:
7297:
7290:
7285:
7273:
7259:
7247:
7230:
7218:
7206:
7179:
7167:
7145:
7128:
7121:
7103:
7092:
7081:
7070:
7052:
7040:Shinsaibashi –
7024:
7009:
7007:Harada Industry
6998:
6983:
6972:
6961:
6950:
6939:
6928:
6926:Aoyama Building
6917:
6906:
6891:
6876:
6865:
6846:
6831:
6808:
6784:
6769:
6758:
6747:
6738:
6725:
6718:
6715:
6706:
6699:
6694:
6685:
6680:
6671:
6666:
6654:
6645:
6633:
6621:
6594:
6582:
6570:
6558:
6536:
6524:
6519:
6510:
6498:
6486:
6463:
6461:Historical site
6458:
6423:
6401:
6379:
6357:
6349:
6341:Family Medicine
6336:
6334:Learned society
6318:
6313:
6304:Soai University
6176:
6168:
6099:
6068:Yomiuri Shimbun
6039:
6014:
5923:
5898:Kintetsu Liners
5880:. Another club
5859:Koshien Stadium
5819:
5775:
5769:
5733:
5695:Neo-Renaissance
5652:Ōsaka Tenman-gū
5641:Yoshimoto Kogyo
5592:
5586:
5528:
5522:, particularly
5513:
5494:
5471:
5452:
5408:Tenmangū shrine
5399:
5322:
5191:
5178:
5165:
5152:
5139:
5126:
5120:
5119:
5118:
5110:
5104:Naniwasuji Line
5089:
5084:
5083:
5082:
5071:
5065:
5058:
5043:
5034:
5028:
4948:
4850:
4842:Main articles:
4840:
4723:
4718:
4716:Energy policies
4666:
4661:
4540:
4393:
4392:
4379:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4365:
4361:
4324:
4322:
4321:Toru Takahashi,
4303:
4302:Osaka City Hall
4281:
4267:
4235:
4229:
3893:
3869:
3841:
3813:
3785:
3757:
3729:
3701:
3673:
3645:
3617:
3589:
3561:
3533:
3505:
3474:
3446:
3418:
3390:
3362:
3334:
3306:
3278:
3250:
3212:
3187:Land area in km
3161:
3154:
3148:
3139:
3133:
3124:
3123:district (2019)
3118:
3109:
3103:
2997:
2986:
2975:
2929:
2899:
2884:
2878:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2865:
2860:
2849:
2846:
2837:
2834:
2822:
2817:
2624:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2058:
2039:
1997:, belonging to
1975:
1968:
1962:
1953:
1946:
1937:
1934:
1925:
1920:Skyscrapers in
1918:
1848:
1840:designated city
1799:prisoner of war
1786:as part of the
1782:in 1945 by the
1692:
1685:
1682:
1673:
1670:
1661:
1654:
1645:
1642:
1633:
1627:
1610:
1597:
1512:
1450:
1443:
1440:
1431:
1426:
1417:
1411:
1361:Nara Prefecture
1353:Nara Prefecture
1340:
1328:
1301:
1276:are located in
1265:Emperor Nintoku
1257:Asian continent
1249:
1188:
1175:
1157:Seto Inland Sea
1147:
1134:
1132:Uemachi Plateau
1124:
1119:
1112:
1090:
1078:
1070:
1062:
1054:
1046:
1038:
1030:
1015:
1000:
988:
975:
862:, which is the
816:designated city
805:
804:
786:
777:
757:
718:Revised Hepburn
703:
702:
701:
695:
672:
629:
612:
529:Designated city
506:Designated city
408:
406:
402:
399:
394:
391:
389:
387:
386:
380:
379:
378:
377:
374:
373:
372:
371:
370:
366:
349:
348:
347:
344:
343:
342:
341:
340:
336:
319:
318:
317:
314:
313:
312:
311:
310:
306:
289:
288:
287:
284:
283:
277:
276:
275:
274:
270:
248:
229:
228:
227:
226:
217:
216:
201:
158:
157:
156:
155:
154:
146:
145:
136:
135:
134:
126:
125:
117:
116:
107:
106:
105:
97:
96:
87:
86:
85:
65:
63:Designated city
56:
53:
51:
44:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
14063:
14053:
14052:
14047:
14042:
14037:
14032:
14015:
14014:
14009:
14008:
14006:
14005:
14000:
13995:
13990:
13985:
13980:
13975:
13970:
13965:
13960:
13955:
13950:
13945:
13940:
13935:
13930:
13925:
13920:
13915:
13910:
13905:
13900:
13895:
13890:
13885:
13880:
13875:
13870:
13865:
13860:
13855:
13850:
13845:
13840:
13835:
13830:
13825:
13823:Ibaraki, Osaka
13820:
13815:
13810:
13805:
13800:
13795:
13790:
13785:
13780:
13775:
13770:
13765:
13760:
13755:
13750:
13745:
13740:
13735:
13730:
13725:
13720:
13715:
13710:
13705:
13700:
13695:
13690:
13685:
13680:
13675:
13670:
13665:
13660:
13655:
13650:
13645:
13640:
13635:
13630:
13625:
13620:
13615:
13610:
13605:
13600:
13595:
13590:
13585:
13580:
13575:
13570:
13565:
13560:
13555:
13550:
13545:
13540:
13535:
13530:
13524:
13522:
13518:
13517:
13515:
13514:
13509:
13504:
13499:
13494:
13489:
13484:
13479:
13474:
13469:
13464:
13459:
13454:
13449:
13444:
13439:
13434:
13429:
13424:
13419:
13414:
13409:
13404:
13399:
13393:
13391:
13387:
13386:
13384:
13383:
13378:
13373:
13368:
13363:
13358:
13353:
13348:
13342:
13340:
13336:
13335:
13333:
13332:
13327:
13322:
13317:
13310:
13308:
13304:
13303:
13289:
13288:
13281:
13274:
13266:
13257:
13256:
13254:
13253:
13240:
13227:
13216:
13205:
13194:
13183:
13172:
13161:
13150:
13139:
13128:
13117:
13106:
13095:
13084:
13073:
13062:
13051:
13040:
13029:
13017:
13014:
13013:
13005:
13004:
12997:
12990:
12982:
12973:
12972:
12968:
12967:
12964:
12963:
12958:
12953:
12948:
12943:
12938:
12933:
12928:
12923:
12918:
12912:
12911:
12909:
12906:
12905:
12900:
12895:
12890:
12885:
12880:
12875:
12870:
12868:Rio de Janeiro
12865:
12860:
12854:
12853:
12851:
12848:
12847:
12838:
12833:
12828:
12823:
12818:
12813:
12808:
12803:
12794:
12788:
12787:
12785:
12782:
12781:
12776:
12771:
12766:
12761:
12756:
12751:
12746:
12741:
12736:
12730:
12729:
12727:
12724:
12723:
12718:
12713:
12708:
12703:
12698:
12693:
12684:
12679:
12674:
12668:
12667:
12665:
12659:
12656:
12655:
12647:
12646:
12639:
12632:
12624:
12615:
12614:
12607:
12604:
12603:
12600:
12599:
12597:
12596:
12591:
12586:
12580:
12578:
12568:
12567:
12565:
12564:
12559:
12554:
12549:
12544:
12539:
12534:
12529:
12524:
12519:
12514:
12509:
12504:
12499:
12494:
12489:
12484:
12479:
12474:
12469:
12464:
12459:
12454:
12448:
12446:
12444:Special cities
12440:
12439:
12437:
12436:
12431:
12426:
12421:
12416:
12411:
12406:
12401:
12396:
12391:
12386:
12381:
12376:
12371:
12366:
12361:
12356:
12351:
12346:
12341:
12336:
12331:
12326:
12321:
12316:
12311:
12306:
12301:
12296:
12291:
12286:
12281:
12276:
12271:
12266:
12261:
12256:
12251:
12246:
12241:
12236:
12231:
12226:
12221:
12216:
12211:
12206:
12201:
12196:
12191:
12186:
12181:
12176:
12171:
12166:
12161:
12156:
12151:
12146:
12141:
12136:
12131:
12125:
12123:
12117:
12116:
12114:
12113:
12108:
12103:
12098:
12093:
12088:
12083:
12078:
12073:
12068:
12063:
12058:
12053:
12048:
12043:
12038:
12033:
12028:
12023:
12018:
12012:
12010:
12004:
12003:
12001:
12000:
11999:
11998:
11993:
11988:
11983:
11978:
11973:
11968:
11963:
11958:
11953:
11948:
11943:
11938:
11933:
11928:
11923:
11918:
11913:
11908:
11903:
11898:
11893:
11888:
11877:
11875:
11865:
11864:
11853:
11852:
11845:
11838:
11830:
11821:
11820:
11814:
11811:
11810:
11808:
11807:
11806:
11805:
11800:
11790:
11789:
11788:
11783:
11778:
11768:
11767:
11766:
11756:
11755:
11754:
11744:
11743:
11742:
11737:
11732:
11730:Chihayaakasaka
11721:
11719:
11715:
11714:
11712:
11711:
11706:
11701:
11696:
11691:
11686:
11681:
11676:
11671:
11666:
11661:
11656:
11651:
11646:
11641:
11636:
11631:
11626:
11621:
11616:
11611:
11606:
11600:
11598:
11594:
11593:
11591:
11590:
11585:
11579:
11577:
11575:Special cities
11571:
11570:
11568:
11567:
11562:
11557:
11552:
11547:
11542:
11537:
11531:
11529:
11523:
11522:
11519:
11518:
11516:
11515:
11510:
11505:
11500:
11495:
11490:
11485:
11479:
11477:
11470:
11464:
11463:
11456:
11454:
11451:
11450:
11448:
11447:
11442:
11437:
11432:
11427:
11422:
11417:
11412:
11407:
11402:
11397:
11392:
11387:
11382:
11377:
11372:
11367:
11362:
11357:
11352:
11347:
11342:
11337:
11332:
11326:
11324:
11315:
11309:
11308:
11296:
11293:
11292:
11280:
11279:
11272:
11265:
11257:
11251:
11248:
11247:
11237:
11236:
11219:
11190:
11188:
11187:
11172:
11153:
11148:
11138:
11137:External links
11135:
11134:
11133:
11123:
11116:
11105:
11091:
11089:online edition
11081:Najita, Tetsuo
11078:
11072:
11063:online edition
11055:
11048:
11041:
11034:
11027:
11018:online edition
11010:
11003:
10989:
10983:
10970:
10911:
10908:
10905:
10904:
10867:
10850:
10821:
10796:
10762:
10734:
10717:
10710:
10689:
10671:
10653:
10625:
10599:
10580:
10554:
10528:
10500:
10481:
10464:
10457:
10437:
10411:
10399:
10388:
10362:
10332:
10306:
10281:
10257:
10231:
10217:
10185:
10161:
10133:
10114:
10095:
10076:
10029:
10003:
9988:
9966:
9959:
9941:
9906:
9880:
9844:
9837:
9817:
9795:
9760:
9742:
9735:
9708:
9694:
9668:
9651:
9634:
9627:
9618:Discover Japan
9608:
9582:
9553:
9530:
9519:on May 6, 2021
9500:
9489:
9454:
9421:
9391:
9367:
9349:
9312:
9303:
9279:
9265:
9249:
9236:
9222:
9189:
9176:
9169:
9149:
9142:
9116:
9103:
9077:
9058:
9031:"-Osaka City-"
9022:
8996:
8966:
8936:
8929:
8903:
8892:on May 2, 2007
8875:
8859:
8845:
8825:
8795:
8781:
8761:
8734:
8712:
8700:
8644:
8616:
8585:
8571:
8551:
8537:
8517:
8500:
8468:
8456:
8440:
8439:
8437:
8434:
8431:
8430:
8404:
8403:
8401:
8398:
8397:
8396:
8391:
8386:
8379:
8376:
8374:
8373:
8360:
8347:
8334:
8321:
8308:
8295:
8282:
8268:
8263:
8260:
8258:
8257:
8244:
8232:
8219:
8206:
8189:
8172:
8159:
8142:
8129:
8116:
8103:
8090:
8077:
8060:
8047:
8033:
8024:
8021:
8020:
8019:
8006:
7993:
7980:
7967:
7949:
7946:
7944:
7943:
7926:
7913:
7900:
7883:
7870:
7853:
7836:
7819:
7806:
7789:
7775:
7766:
7763:
7744:
7741:
7740:
7739:
7737:
7734:
7733:
7729:
7728:
7725:
7722:
7719:
7707:
7694:
7693:
7692:
7687:
7686:
7674:
7662:
7650:
7645:
7640:
7631:Taishokannonji
7628:
7626:Dainenbutsu-ji
7623:
7611:
7599:
7593:
7592:
7591:
7586:
7585:
7573:
7568:
7556:
7544:
7532:
7530:Imamiya Shrine
7527:
7518:Shinmei Shrine
7515:
7503:
7491:
7486:
7481:
7476:
7464:
7459:
7447:
7445:Osaka Tenmangu
7442:
7436:
7435:
7434:
7429:
7426:
7424:
7423:
7418:
7413:
7408:
7403:
7398:
7393:
7388:
7383:
7378:
7365:
7352:
7349:
7348:
7347:
7335:
7328:
7326:
7321:
7314:
7312:
7307:
7300:
7298:
7286:
7279:
7277:
7272:
7271:
7266:
7254:
7242:
7237:
7225:
7216:Theater BRAVA!
7213:
7201:
7196:
7191:
7186:
7174:
7162:
7157:
7155:NHK Osaka Hall
7152:
7140:
7135:
7122:
7120:
7117:
7116:
7115:
7065:
7062:
7061:
7060:
7032:
7019:
7016:
6970:Ikoma Building
6841:
6838:
6803:
6800:
6779:
6776:
6742:
6737:
6734:
6733:
6732:
6724:
6721:
6720:
6719:
6716:
6709:
6707:
6695:
6688:
6686:
6681:
6674:
6672:
6667:
6660:
6658:
6653:
6652:
6643:Keitaku Garden
6640:
6628:
6616:
6614:Sumiyoshi Park
6611:
6606:
6601:
6589:
6577:
6565:
6556:Shirokita Park
6553:
6548:
6543:
6531:
6525:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6517:
6505:
6493:
6481:
6475:
6470:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6456:
6451:
6445:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6418:
6413:
6408:
6396:
6391:
6386:
6374:
6368:
6356:
6353:
6348:
6345:
6344:
6343:
6335:
6332:
6331:
6330:
6325:
6322:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6311:
6306:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6282:
6277:
6272:
6267:
6262:
6257:
6252:
6246:
6175:
6172:
6167:
6164:
6098:
6095:
6092:Bloomberg L.P.
6062:Sankei Shimbun
6038:
6035:
6013:
6010:
5868:There are two
5847:Hanshin Tigers
5835:Orix Buffaloes
5818:
5815:
5768:
5765:
5749:Osaka Tenmangū
5745:Tenjin Matsuri
5739:Tenjin Matsuri
5732:
5729:
5728:
5727:
5709:
5698:
5687:
5677:
5662:
5655:
5644:
5638:
5627:
5616:
5585:
5582:
5581:
5580:
5566:
5560:
5554:
5548:
5431:François Simon
5398:
5395:
5321:
5318:
5260:Osaka City Bus
5216:Hankyu Railway
5086:
5085:
5076:
5075:
5074:
5073:
5072:
5067:Main article:
5064:
5063:Transportation
5061:
5060:
5059:
5044:
5037:
5035:
5029:
5022:
5016:Greater London
4947:
4944:
4874:Osaka Exchange
4839:
4836:
4835:
4834:
4831:
4828:
4825:
4822:
4815:
4814:
4811:
4808:
4801:
4800:
4797:
4794:
4791:
4788:
4785:
4762:
4761:
4758:
4755:
4752:
4749:
4746:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4659:
4656:
4653:
4650:
4647:
4644:
4641:
4638:
4635:
4632:
4629:
4626:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4610:
4607:
4604:
4601:
4598:
4595:
4588:
4577:Tōru Hashimoto
4559:
4558:
4552:
4551:
4546:
4542:
4541:
4539:
4538:
4532:
4526:
4520:
4514:
4508:
4502:
4496:
4490:
4484:
4478:
4472:
4466:
4460:
4454:
4448:
4442:
4436:
4430:
4424:
4421:Higashinari-ku
4418:
4412:
4406:
4400:
4390:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4382:
4381:
4355:
4351:
4350:
4347:
4343:
4342:
4336:
4332:
4331:
4327:
4326:
4323:Shin Asakawa,
4319:
4315:
4314:
4309:
4305:
4304:
4301:
4293:
4292:
4288:
4287:
4266:
4263:
4233:Kansai dialect
4228:
4225:
4199:
4198:
4195:
4192:
4188:
4187:
4184:
4181:
4177:
4176:
4173:
4170:
4166:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4155:
4154:
4151:
4148:
4144:
4143:
4140:
4137:
4133:
4132:
4129:
4126:
4122:
4121:
4118:
4115:
4111:
4110:
4107:
4104:
4100:
4099:
4096:
4093:
4089:
4088:
4085:
4082:
4078:
4077:
4074:
4071:
4067:
4066:
4063:
4060:
4056:
4055:
4052:
4049:
4045:
4044:
4041:
4038:
4034:
4033:
4030:
4027:
4023:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4012:
4011:
4008:
4005:
4001:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3990:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3979:
3978:
3975:
3972:
3968:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3957:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3946:
3945:
3942:
3939:
3935:
3934:
3931:
3928:
3924:
3923:
3920:
3917:
3913:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3892:
3889:
3886:
3885:
3882:
3879:
3876:
3867:
3862:
3858:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3848:
3839:
3834:
3830:
3829:
3826:
3823:
3820:
3811:
3806:
3802:
3801:
3798:
3795:
3792:
3783:
3778:
3774:
3773:
3770:
3767:
3764:
3755:
3750:
3746:
3745:
3742:
3739:
3736:
3727:
3722:
3718:
3717:
3714:
3711:
3708:
3699:
3694:
3690:
3689:
3686:
3683:
3680:
3671:
3666:
3662:
3661:
3658:
3655:
3652:
3643:
3638:
3634:
3633:
3630:
3627:
3624:
3615:
3610:
3606:
3605:
3602:
3599:
3596:
3587:
3582:
3578:
3577:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3559:
3554:
3550:
3549:
3546:
3543:
3540:
3531:
3526:
3522:
3521:
3518:
3515:
3512:
3503:
3495:
3491:
3490:
3487:
3484:
3481:
3472:
3467:
3463:
3462:
3459:
3456:
3453:
3444:
3439:
3435:
3434:
3431:
3428:
3425:
3416:
3411:
3407:
3406:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3388:
3383:
3379:
3378:
3375:
3372:
3369:
3360:
3355:
3351:
3350:
3347:
3344:
3341:
3332:
3330:Higashinari-ku
3327:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3316:
3313:
3304:
3299:
3295:
3294:
3291:
3288:
3285:
3276:
3271:
3267:
3266:
3263:
3260:
3257:
3248:
3243:
3239:
3238:
3228:
3225:
3222:
3219:
3210:
3205:
3201:
3200:
3197:
3189:
3184:
3181:
3176:
3173:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3149:
3142:
3140:
3134:
3127:
3125:
3119:
3112:
3110:
3104:
3097:
3095:
2877:
2874:
2862:
2861:
2854:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2850:
2847:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2828:
2821:
2818:
2814:
2813:
2809:
2808:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2787:
2784:
2781:
2778:
2775:
2772:
2769:
2762:
2761:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2720:sunshine hours
2715:
2714:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2675:
2667:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2654:
2651:
2648:
2645:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2627:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2550:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2476:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2406:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2336:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2266:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2196:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2126:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2082:
2081:
2075:
2071:, "plum rain")
2038:
2035:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1963:
1956:
1954:
1947:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1928:
1926:
1919:
1912:
1910:
1860:Tōru Hashimoto
1847:
1844:
1737:Osaka Assembly
1733:General Motors
1691:
1688:
1687:
1686:
1683:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1664:
1662:
1658:Siege of Osaka
1655:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1636:
1634:
1628:
1621:
1619:
1593:Jippensha Ikku
1477:Siege of Osaka
1449:
1446:
1445:
1444:
1441:
1434:
1432:
1427:
1420:
1418:
1412:
1405:
1403:
1316:Emperor Kōtoku
1300:
1297:
1248:
1245:
1144:Uemachi Daichi
1123:
1120:
1111:
1108:
1061:(knight), and
1022:, in his book
974:
971:
907:Osaka Exchange
750:
749:
746:
745:
742:
741:
734:
728:
727:
720:
714:
713:
712:Transcriptions
705:
704:
700:
699:
693:
689:
685:
679:
678:
674:
673:
662:
654:
653:
650:
649:
641:
640:
627:
623:
622:
619:
615:
614:
609:
605:
604:
599:
595:
594:
589:
585:
584:
574:
568:
567:
560:
553:
552:
549:
545:
544:
539:
535:
534:
531:
524:
523:
519:
518:
516:
512:
511:
508:
501:
500:
496:
495:
485:
478:
477:
472:
468:
467:
463:
462:
457:
451:
450:
445:
439:
438:
433:
427:
426:
421:
417:
416:
382:
381:
368:
367:
360:
359:
353:
352:
351:
350:
338:
337:
330:
329:
323:
322:
321:
320:
308:
307:
300:
299:
293:
292:
291:
290:
278:
272:
271:
264:
263:
257:
256:
255:
254:
253:
250:
249:
243:
235:
234:
231:
230:
224:
218:
214:
208:
207:
206:
203:
202:
159:
148:
147:
139:
138:
137:
128:
127:
119:
118:
110:
109:
108:
99:
98:
90:
89:
88:
79:
78:
77:
76:
75:
72:
71:
67:
66:
61:
58:
57:
52:
49:
42:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
14062:
14051:
14048:
14046:
14043:
14041:
14038:
14036:
14033:
14031:
14028:
14027:
14025:
14004:
14001:
13999:
13996:
13994:
13991:
13989:
13986:
13984:
13981:
13979:
13976:
13974:
13971:
13969:
13966:
13964:
13961:
13959:
13956:
13954:
13951:
13949:
13946:
13944:
13941:
13939:
13936:
13934:
13931:
13929:
13926:
13924:
13921:
13919:
13916:
13914:
13911:
13909:
13906:
13904:
13901:
13899:
13896:
13894:
13891:
13889:
13886:
13884:
13881:
13879:
13876:
13874:
13871:
13869:
13866:
13864:
13861:
13859:
13856:
13854:
13851:
13849:
13846:
13844:
13841:
13839:
13836:
13834:
13831:
13829:
13826:
13824:
13821:
13819:
13816:
13814:
13811:
13809:
13806:
13804:
13801:
13799:
13796:
13794:
13791:
13789:
13786:
13784:
13781:
13779:
13776:
13774:
13771:
13769:
13766:
13764:
13761:
13759:
13756:
13754:
13751:
13749:
13748:Nakano, Tokyo
13746:
13744:
13741:
13739:
13736:
13734:
13731:
13729:
13726:
13724:
13721:
13719:
13716:
13714:
13711:
13709:
13706:
13704:
13701:
13699:
13696:
13694:
13691:
13689:
13686:
13684:
13681:
13679:
13676:
13674:
13671:
13669:
13666:
13664:
13661:
13659:
13656:
13654:
13651:
13649:
13646:
13644:
13641:
13639:
13636:
13634:
13631:
13629:
13626:
13624:
13621:
13619:
13616:
13614:
13611:
13609:
13606:
13604:
13601:
13599:
13596:
13594:
13591:
13589:
13586:
13584:
13581:
13579:
13576:
13574:
13571:
13569:
13566:
13564:
13561:
13559:
13556:
13554:
13551:
13549:
13546:
13544:
13541:
13539:
13536:
13534:
13531:
13529:
13526:
13525:
13523:
13519:
13513:
13510:
13508:
13505:
13503:
13500:
13498:
13495:
13493:
13490:
13488:
13485:
13483:
13480:
13478:
13475:
13473:
13470:
13468:
13465:
13463:
13460:
13458:
13455:
13453:
13450:
13448:
13445:
13443:
13440:
13438:
13435:
13433:
13430:
13428:
13425:
13423:
13420:
13418:
13415:
13413:
13410:
13408:
13405:
13403:
13400:
13398:
13395:
13394:
13392:
13388:
13382:
13379:
13377:
13374:
13372:
13369:
13367:
13364:
13362:
13359:
13357:
13354:
13352:
13349:
13347:
13344:
13343:
13341:
13337:
13331:
13328:
13326:
13323:
13321:
13318:
13315:
13312:
13311:
13309:
13305:
13301:
13296:
13287:
13282:
13280:
13275:
13273:
13268:
13267:
13264:
13251:
13250:
13245:
13241:
13238:
13237:
13232:
13228:
13225:
13221:
13217:
13214:
13210:
13206:
13203:
13199:
13195:
13192:
13188:
13184:
13181:
13177:
13173:
13170:
13166:
13162:
13159:
13155:
13151:
13148:
13144:
13140:
13137:
13133:
13129:
13126:
13122:
13118:
13115:
13111:
13107:
13104:
13100:
13096:
13093:
13089:
13085:
13082:
13078:
13074:
13071:
13067:
13063:
13060:
13056:
13052:
13049:
13045:
13041:
13038:
13034:
13030:
13027:
13023:
13019:
13018:
13015:
13011:
13003:
12998:
12996:
12991:
12989:
12984:
12983:
12980:
12962:
12959:
12957:
12954:
12952:
12949:
12947:
12944:
12942:
12939:
12937:
12934:
12932:
12929:
12927:
12924:
12922:
12919:
12917:
12914:
12910:
12904:
12901:
12899:
12896:
12894:
12891:
12889:
12886:
12884:
12881:
12879:
12876:
12874:
12871:
12869:
12866:
12864:
12861:
12859:
12856:
12852:
12846:
12842:
12839:
12837:
12834:
12832:
12829:
12827:
12824:
12822:
12819:
12817:
12814:
12812:
12809:
12807:
12804:
12802:
12798:
12795:
12793:
12790:
12786:
12780:
12777:
12775:
12772:
12770:
12767:
12765:
12762:
12760:
12757:
12755:
12752:
12750:
12747:
12745:
12742:
12740:
12737:
12735:
12732:
12728:
12722:
12719:
12717:
12714:
12712:
12709:
12707:
12704:
12702:
12699:
12697:
12694:
12692:
12688:
12685:
12683:
12680:
12678:
12675:
12673:
12670:
12669:
12666:
12663:
12662:
12657:
12653:
12645:
12640:
12638:
12633:
12631:
12626:
12625:
12622:
12611:
12605:
12595:
12592:
12590:
12587:
12585:
12582:
12581:
12579:
12573:
12569:
12563:
12560:
12558:
12555:
12553:
12550:
12548:
12545:
12543:
12540:
12538:
12535:
12533:
12530:
12528:
12525:
12523:
12520:
12518:
12515:
12513:
12510:
12508:
12505:
12503:
12500:
12498:
12495:
12493:
12490:
12488:
12485:
12483:
12480:
12478:
12475:
12473:
12470:
12468:
12465:
12463:
12460:
12458:
12455:
12453:
12450:
12449:
12447:
12445:
12441:
12435:
12432:
12430:
12427:
12425:
12422:
12420:
12417:
12415:
12412:
12410:
12407:
12405:
12402:
12400:
12397:
12395:
12392:
12390:
12387:
12385:
12382:
12380:
12377:
12375:
12372:
12370:
12367:
12365:
12362:
12360:
12357:
12355:
12352:
12350:
12347:
12345:
12342:
12340:
12337:
12335:
12332:
12330:
12327:
12325:
12322:
12320:
12317:
12315:
12312:
12310:
12307:
12305:
12302:
12300:
12297:
12295:
12292:
12290:
12287:
12285:
12282:
12280:
12277:
12275:
12272:
12270:
12267:
12265:
12262:
12260:
12257:
12255:
12252:
12250:
12247:
12245:
12242:
12240:
12237:
12235:
12232:
12230:
12227:
12225:
12222:
12220:
12217:
12215:
12212:
12210:
12207:
12205:
12202:
12200:
12197:
12195:
12192:
12190:
12187:
12185:
12182:
12180:
12177:
12175:
12172:
12170:
12167:
12165:
12162:
12160:
12157:
12155:
12152:
12150:
12147:
12145:
12142:
12140:
12137:
12135:
12132:
12130:
12127:
12126:
12124:
12122:
12118:
12112:
12109:
12107:
12104:
12102:
12099:
12097:
12094:
12092:
12089:
12087:
12084:
12082:
12079:
12077:
12074:
12072:
12069:
12067:
12064:
12062:
12059:
12057:
12054:
12052:
12049:
12047:
12044:
12042:
12039:
12037:
12034:
12032:
12029:
12027:
12024:
12022:
12019:
12017:
12014:
12013:
12011:
12009:
12005:
11997:
11994:
11992:
11989:
11987:
11984:
11982:
11979:
11977:
11974:
11972:
11969:
11967:
11964:
11962:
11959:
11957:
11954:
11952:
11949:
11947:
11944:
11942:
11939:
11937:
11934:
11932:
11929:
11927:
11924:
11922:
11919:
11917:
11914:
11912:
11909:
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11185:OpenStreetMap
11182:
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11168:
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11158:"Osaka"
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10092:archive.today
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10016:Global Voices
10013:
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9899:September 13,
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9778:. p. 16.
9777:
9774:(in French).
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9595:Weather Atlas
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9032:
9026:
9015:September 19,
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8572:1-884964-04-4
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8301:
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8283:
8281:, South Korea
8280:
8279:Port of Busan
8275:
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8250:
8245:
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8230:
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8053:
8048:
8046:, New Zealand
8045:
8040:
8035:
8034:
8032:
8031:region, are:
8030:
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7893:San Francisco
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7547:Kumata Shrine
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7375:
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7369:Ogimachi Pool
7367:
7366:
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7324:
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7310:
7309:Osaka-jō Hall
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7189:Osaka-jō Hall
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7048:East Annex –
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6863:Arai Building
6860:
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6807:
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6798:
6797:Bank of Japan
6794:
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6534:Ogimachi Park
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6082:
6078:
6077:Sports Nippon
6074:
6073:Nikkan Sports
6070:
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5808:
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5792:
5789:theater. The
5788:
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5774:
5764:
5762:
5758:
5754:
5750:
5746:
5737:
5725:
5721:
5717:
5713:
5712:Festival Hall
5710:
5707:
5706:Shiki Theater
5703:
5699:
5696:
5692:
5688:
5685:
5684:Osaka-jō park
5681:
5680:Osaka-jō Hall
5678:
5675:
5671:
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5481:
5469:
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5450:
5449:
5448:
5439:
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5432:
5428:
5427:Michael Booth
5424:
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5209:
5208:Urban Network
5206:
5201:
5190:
5177:
5164:
5151:
5138:
5125:
5114:
5109:
5105:
5102:(right), the
5101:
5097:
5093:
5092:commuter rail
5088:
5080:
5070:
5056:
5053:(green), and
5052:
5048:
5041:
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5026:
5021:
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5019:
5017:
5013:
5009:
5005:
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4960:Kansai region
4957:
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4783:
4782:
4781:
4779:
4773:
4771:
4767:
4759:
4756:
4753:
4750:
4747:
4744:
4743:
4742:
4739:
4736:
4732:
4729:, Osaka, and
4728:
4721:Nuclear power
4713:
4711:
4710:Ichiro Matsui
4705:
4703:
4698:
4697:San Francisco
4693:
4691:
4687:
4683:
4682:special wards
4679:
4675:
4671:
4657:
4654:
4651:
4648:
4645:
4642:
4639:
4636:
4633:
4630:
4627:
4625:Osaka Customs
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4611:
4608:
4605:
4602:
4599:
4596:
4593:
4590:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4578:
4574:
4570:
4566:
4553:
4550:
4547:
4543:
4536:
4533:
4530:
4527:
4524:
4521:
4518:
4515:
4512:
4509:
4506:
4503:
4500:
4497:
4494:
4491:
4488:
4485:
4482:
4479:
4476:
4475:Miyakojima-ku
4473:
4470:
4467:
4464:
4461:
4458:
4455:
4452:
4449:
4446:
4443:
4440:
4437:
4434:
4431:
4428:
4425:
4422:
4419:
4416:
4413:
4410:
4407:
4404:
4401:
4398:
4395:
4394:
4387:
4383:
4380:Osaka Abe (1)
4375:
4370:
4364:
4359:
4356:
4352:
4348:
4344:
4341:
4337:
4333:
4328:
4320:
4316:
4313:
4312:Ichiro Matsui
4310:
4306:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4280:
4276:
4272:
4262:
4260:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4244:
4240:
4234:
4224:
4222:
4218:
4213:
4210:
4206:
4196:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4185:
4182:
4179:
4178:
4174:
4171:
4168:
4167:
4163:
4160:
4157:
4156:
4152:
4149:
4146:
4145:
4141:
4138:
4135:
4134:
4130:
4127:
4124:
4123:
4119:
4116:
4113:
4112:
4108:
4105:
4102:
4101:
4097:
4094:
4091:
4090:
4086:
4083:
4080:
4079:
4075:
4072:
4069:
4068:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4053:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4035:
4031:
4028:
4025:
4024:
4020:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4009:
4006:
4003:
4002:
3998:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3987:
3984:
3981:
3980:
3976:
3973:
3970:
3969:
3965:
3962:
3959:
3958:
3954:
3951:
3948:
3947:
3943:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3932:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3921:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3908:
3903:
3900:
3899:
3883:
3880:
3877:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3855:
3852:
3849:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3832:
3831:
3827:
3824:
3821:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3804:
3803:
3799:
3796:
3793:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3776:
3775:
3771:
3768:
3765:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3743:
3740:
3737:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3720:
3719:
3715:
3712:
3709:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3692:
3691:
3687:
3684:
3681:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3663:
3659:
3656:
3653:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3636:
3635:
3631:
3628:
3625:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3603:
3600:
3597:
3588:
3586:
3585:Miyakojima-ku
3583:
3580:
3579:
3575:
3572:
3569:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3547:
3544:
3541:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3524:
3523:
3519:
3516:
3513:
3504:
3499:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3465:
3464:
3460:
3457:
3454:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3436:
3432:
3429:
3426:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3409:
3408:
3404:
3401:
3398:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3353:
3352:
3348:
3345:
3342:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3325:
3324:
3320:
3317:
3314:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3269:
3268:
3264:
3261:
3258:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3233:
3226:
3223:
3220:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3199:Map of Osaka
3198:
3196:
3195:
3191:Pop. density
3190:
3188:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3159:List of wards
3152:
3146:
3141:
3137:
3131:
3126:
3122:
3116:
3111:
3107:
3101:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3091:
3087:
3085:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3048:
3046:
3042:
3041:Abeno Harukas
3038:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3013:
3011:
3003:
2996:
2990:
2985:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2967:
2966:Abeno Harukas
2963:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2940:
2926:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2911:
2905:
2898:
2890:
2883:
2876:Neighborhoods
2869:
2864:
2858:
2844:
2839:
2832:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2810:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2797:
2794:
2791:
2788:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2763:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2738:
2735:
2732:
2729:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:Mean monthly
2716:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2700:
2697:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2655:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2640:
2637:
2634:
2631:
2628:
2621:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2551:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2482:
2481:precipitation
2477:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2407:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2337:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2267:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2197:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2127:
2083:
2078:
2074:
2069:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2048:
2044:
2034:
2032:
2028:
2027:San Francisco
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1979:
1966:
1965:Abeno Harukas
1960:
1955:
1951:
1944:
1939:
1932:
1927:
1923:
1916:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1887:Abeno Harukas
1883:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1868:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1843:
1841:
1835:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1807:
1805:
1800:
1796:
1795:heavy bombers
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1772:
1768:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1728:
1726:
1722:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1680:
1675:
1668:
1663:
1659:
1652:
1647:
1640:
1635:
1631:
1625:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1615:
1608:
1594:
1589:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1542:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1529:Rice Exchange
1526:
1522:
1518:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1485:
1480:
1479:(1614–1615).
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1455:
1438:
1433:
1430:
1424:
1419:
1415:
1409:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1372:Emperor Shōmu
1368:
1367:, and China.
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1338:
1326:
1321:
1317:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1281:
1279:
1275:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1244:
1242:
1237:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1222:Empress Jingū
1219:
1214:
1212:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1195:
1186:
1169:
1164:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1145:
1133:
1129:
1117:
1107:
1105:
1100:
1088:
1029:
1025:
1019:
1014:
1010:
998:
986:
981:
979:
970:
968:
964:
960:
959:Abeno Harukas
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
899:multicultural
895:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
871:
869:
866:and the 10th-
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
820:Kansai region
817:
808:
802:
797:
783:
774:
769:
761:
756:
747:
735:
733:
729:
721:
719:
715:
710:
706:
694:
691:
690:
686:
684:
680:
677:Japanese name
675:
671:
670:
665:
660:
655:
651:
646:
638:
628:
624:
620:
616:
610:
606:
603:
600:
596:
593:
590:
586:
582:
578:
575:
573:
569:
565:
561:
559:
556: •
554:
550:
546:
543:
540:
536:
532:
530:
527: •
525:
520:
517:
513:
509:
507:
504: •
502:
497:
493:
489:
486:
484:
481: •
479:
476:
473:
469:
464:
461:
458:
456:
452:
449:
446:
444:
440:
437:
434:
432:
428:
425:
422:
418:
413:
385:Coordinates:
383:
357:
327:
297:
282:
281:Kansai region
261:
251:
247:
241:
236:
232:
222:
212:
204:
199:
195:
191:
190:Abeno Harukas
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
152:
143:
132:
123:
114:
103:
94:
83:
73:
68:
64:
59:
47:
41:
37:
33:
19:
13873:Fuchū, Tokyo
13507:Higashiōsaka
13324:
13247:
13234:
13135:
12797:Johannesburg
12779:Buenos Aires
12194:Higashiōsaka
12075:
11709:Tondabayashi
11535:Higashiōsaka
11312:
11297:
11229:
11217:from Commons
11212:
11191:
11164:
11146:(in English)
11131:Project MUSE
11126:
11119:
11094:
11084:
11074:
11058:
11052:Art History,
11051:
11037:
11030:
11013:
11006:
10992:
10974:
10964:November 19,
10962:. Retrieved
10955:the original
10934:
10930:
10895:. Retrieved
10891:the original
10886:
10853:
10841:
10837:
10824:
10799:
10787:
10783:
10755:February 18,
10753:. Retrieved
10749:the original
10737:
10720:
10700:
10692:
10684:the original
10674:
10666:the original
10656:
10644:. Retrieved
10640:the original
10628:
10616:. Retrieved
10602:
10583:
10571:. Retrieved
10567:the original
10557:
10545:. Retrieved
10541:the original
10531:
10519:. Retrieved
10514:
10510:
10503:
10495:The Guardian
10494:
10484:
10467:
10447:
10440:
10430:February 24,
10428:. Retrieved
10424:the original
10414:
10402:
10391:
10381:February 23,
10379:. Retrieved
10376:The Guardian
10375:
10365:
10355:February 23,
10353:. Retrieved
10349:the original
10344:
10335:
10323:. Retrieved
10319:the original
10309:
10297:. Retrieved
10295:. J-cast.com
10284:
10273:the original
10260:
10248:. Retrieved
10244:the original
10234:
10220:
10208:. Retrieved
10201:the original
10188:
10164:
10152:. Retrieved
10148:the original
10136:
10117:
10098:
10079:
10053:. Retrieved
10046:the original
10032:
10020:. Retrieved
10015:
10006:
9991:
9979:. Retrieved
9969:
9950:
9944:
9934:February 18,
9932:. Retrieved
9919:
9909:
9897:. Retrieved
9893:the original
9883:
9871:. Retrieved
9864:the original
9859:
9847:
9827:
9820:
9810:February 18,
9808:. Retrieved
9798:
9770:
9763:
9755:the original
9745:
9725:
9697:
9685:. Retrieved
9681:the original
9671:
9617:
9611:
9599:. Retrieved
9594:
9585:
9573:. Retrieved
9567:
9556:
9544:
9533:
9521:. Retrieved
9517:the original
9512:
9503:
9492:
9480:. Retrieved
9476:the original
9469:
9445:. Retrieved
9441:the original
9436:
9412:. Retrieved
9408:the original
9403:
9394:
9386:the original
9362:the original
9352:
9329:
9325:
9315:
9306:
9300:Cambridge UP
9287:
9282:
9268:
9262:Project MUSE
9257:
9252:
9244:
9239:
9225:
9213:. Retrieved
9209:the original
9205:"Osaka city"
9184:
9179:
9159:
9152:
9127:
9119:
9111:
9106:
9094:. Retrieved
9090:the original
9080:
9071:
9061:
9035:. Retrieved
9025:
9013:. Retrieved
9009:the original
8999:
8989:February 12,
8987:. Retrieved
8982:
8969:
8959:November 11,
8957:. Retrieved
8953:the original
8948:
8939:
8914:
8906:
8894:. Retrieved
8890:the original
8878:
8862:
8850:. Retrieved
8835:
8828:
8816:. Retrieved
8812:the original
8798:
8786:. Retrieved
8771:
8764:
8756:the original
8751:
8729:the original
8724:
8715:
8703:
8672:. Retrieved
8668:the original
8639:the original
8634:
8611:the original
8606:
8576:. Retrieved
8561:
8554:
8542:. Retrieved
8527:
8520:
8493:November 26,
8491:. Retrieved
8459:
8444:
8408:
8265:
8262:Sister ports
8139:Kuala Lumpur
8029:Asia-Pacific
8026:
7990:Buenos Aires
7951:
7768:
7467:Namba Shrine
7450:Goryo Shrine
7351:Sport venues
7228:New Kabukiza
7194:Orix Theater
6821:Osaka Castle
6741:Around Umeda
6619:Suminoe Park
6604:Tennoji Park
6468:Osaka Castle
6454:Festivalgate
6350:
6243:
6212:
6205:
6197:
6169:
6100:
6097:Broadcasting
6066:
6060:
6054:
6048:
6042:
6040:
6023:
5995:
5976:
5965:
5957:Osaka castle
5942:
5918:
5914:
5890:Osaka Evessa
5882:Cerezo Osaka
5867:
5832:
5811:Osaka Castle
5803:Tennōji park
5776:
5742:
5724:Philharmonia
5573:Osaka market
5563:Shinsaibashi
5539:
5506:
5487:
5464:
5445:
5415:Den Den Town
5412:
5400:
5392:in Naniwa-ku
5291:
5286:
5274:
5264:
5257:
5246:
5240:
5232:
5202:
5150:Shinsaibashi
5121:
4949:
4933:
4918:
4879:
4859:
4816:
4802:
4774:
4763:
4740:
4724:
4706:
4702:London Breed
4694:
4667:
4664:Developments
4585:
4562:
4511:Sumiyoshi-ku
4493:Nishinari-ku
4415:Fukushima-ku
4378:Go OSAKA (1)
4330:City Council
4318:Vice Mayors:
4258:
4254:
4250:
4246:
4242:
4238:
4236:
4214:
4202:
3891:Demographics
3753:Sumiyoshi-ku
3669:Nishinari-ku
3302:Fukushima-ku
3193:
3192:
3186:
3162:
3088:
3082:and the hub
3068:Higashiosaka
3056:Kyocera Dome
3049:
3014:
2994:
2970:
2950:Shinsaibashi
2927:
2912:
2896:
2881:
2879:
2823:
2483:mm (inches)
2053:
2049:
2040:
2029:(37.77) and
1984:
1905:since 2022.
1884:
1875:
1869:
1849:
1836:
1828:world's fair
1826:, the first
1808:
1776:World War II
1773:
1769:
1729:
1693:
1630:Osaka Castle
1590:
1539:
1537:
1527:, where the
1521:rice brokers
1509:
1491:
1481:
1473:Osaka Castle
1471:constructed
1465:Oda Nobunaga
1454:Jōdo Shinshū
1451:
1416:Grand Shrine
1369:
1359:(modern day
1313:
1302:
1285:Yamato River
1282:
1253:Kofun period
1250:
1247:Kofun period
1238:
1233:
1215:
1211:Yayoi period
1207:
1203:Yayoi period
1173:
1168:Jomon period
1128:Jōmon period
1125:
1023:
1008:
996:
982:
977:
976:
955:Tennōji Park
935:Osaka Castle
903:cosmopolitan
896:
875:Kofun period
872:
754:
753:
732:Kunrei-shiki
667:
663:
621:06-6208-8181
542:3rd in Japan
162:Osaka Castle
40:
18:Osaka, Osaka
13798:Shimonoseki
13533:Nishinomiya
13114:Saint-Denis
12845:Brazzaville
12792:Los Angeles
12721:Mexico City
12650:World's 50
12364:Shimonoseki
12339:Nishinomiya
12121:Core cities
11699:Shijōnawate
11684:Ōsakasayama
11527:Core cities
11350:Higashinari
10937:: 107–134.
10897:December 7,
10194:"Osaka GDP"
9513:Latlong.net
9482:November 6,
9096:October 18,
8318:Saigon Port
8307:, Australia
8203:Maharashtra
8188:, Australia
8152:Los Angeles
8128:, Indonesia
8076:, Australia
7713: [
7701: [
7680: [
7668: [
7656: [
7634: [
7617: [
7605: [
7597:Shitennō-ji
7579: [
7562: [
7550: [
7538: [
7521: [
7509: [
7497: [
7470: [
7462:Zama Shrine
7453: [
7372: [
7340: [
7291: [
7260: [
7248: [
7231: [
7219: [
7207: [
7180: [
7168: [
7146: [
7129: [
7104: [
7093: [
7082: [
7071: [
7053: [
7046:Takashimaya
7042:Takashimaya
7025: [
7010: [
6999: [
6994:building –
6984: [
6973: [
6962: [
6951: [
6940: [
6929: [
6918: [
6907: [
6892: [
6885:Nippon Life
6877: [
6866: [
6847: [
6832: [
6809: [
6785: [
6778:Nakanoshima
6770: [
6767:Oe Building
6759: [
6748: [
6700: [
6669:Utsubo Park
6646: [
6634: [
6622: [
6595: [
6583: [
6571: [
6559: [
6537: [
6529:Utsubo Park
6511: [
6499: [
6487: [
6424: [
6411:Namba Parks
6402: [
6394:Intex Osaka
6380: [
5949:Nakanoshima
5902:rugby union
5874:Gamba Osaka
5757:Shitennō-ji
5447:okonomiyaki
5390:Nipponbashi
5379:Amerikamura
5235:Osaka Metro
5189:Yodoyabashi
5111: [
5096:Osaka Metro
4674:their party
4535:Yodogawa-ku
4463:Konohana-ku
4369:Komei Party
4257:instead of
4249:instead of
3865:Yodogawa-ku
3529:Konohana-ku
3183:Population
3106:Nakanoshima
3043:), and the
3037:Shitennō-ji
3033:Tennoji Zoo
2987: [
2984:Yodoyabashi
2976: [
2962:Amerikamura
2958:Nipponbashi
2923:Nakanoshima
1832:APEC Summit
1517:paper money
1506:storehouses
1429:Shitennō-ji
1392:Shitennō-ji
1153:Kawachi Bay
1126:During the
1016: [
967:Shitennō-ji
911:electronics
407: /
198:Nakanoshima
196:Avenue and
186:Shitennō-ji
14024:Categories
13993:Nishitokyo
13953:Ōta, Gunma
13943:Takarazuka
13708:Tokorozawa
13643:Ichinomiya
13578:Katsushika
13512:Utsunomiya
13432:Sagamihara
13397:Kitakyushu
13070:Gothenburg
12547:Tokorozawa
12542:Takarazuka
12414:Utsunomiya
12209:Ichinomiya
12081:Sagamihara
12041:Kitakyushu
11921:Katsushika
11395:Miyakojima
10914:See also:
10210:August 22,
10022:October 7,
9860:Osaka City
9447:January 9,
9414:August 20,
9298:Fulltext:
8808:Sakai City
8436:References
8156:California
8141:, Malaysia
8074:Queensland
8059:, Thailand
7897:California
7758:Tsūtenkaku
7747:See also:
7401:Nagai Park
7360:Nagai Park
7288:Izumi Hall
7240:Zepp Osaka
7126:Izumi Hall
6889:Osaka Club
6609:Nagai Park
6448:Tsūtenkaku
6347:Facilities
6084:Jiji Press
6081:Kyodo News
6037:Newspapers
6006:rink bandy
5993:editions.
5919:Haru Basho
5906:Top League
5827:Osaka Dome
5801:is inside
5771:See also:
5631:Uehommachi
5588:See also:
5381:in Chuo-ku
5302:Kitakyushu
5243:Shinkansen
4998:after the
4956:Keihanshin
4925:Nikkei 225
4863:MasterCard
4686:Tokyo City
4529:Tsurumi-ku
4523:Tennōji-ku
4505:Suminoe-ku
4335:President:
4269:See also:
4265:Government
4243:Kansai-ben
4231:See also:
3837:Tsurumi-ku
3809:Tennōji-ku
3725:Suminoe-ku
3167:in Osaka:
3072:Tsuruhashi
3045:Kamagasaki
3021:Tsūtenkaku
3019:(with its
2908:, "south")
2893:, "north")
2625:(≥ 0.5 mm)
2003:Tsurumi-ku
1753:Oldsmobile
1721:Manchester
1578:Boshin War
1570:Hyogo Town
1488:Edo period
1318:built his
1274:Mozu Tombs
1241:Yodo River
985:Edo period
947:Tsūtenkaku
879:Edo period
846:, and the
778:pronounced
696:(obsolete)
564:Keihanshin
522:Population
466:Government
443:Prefecture
395:135°30′8″E
392:34°41′38″N
170:Tsūtenkaku
70:Osaka City
13998:Kishiwada
13923:Matsumoto
13918:Chigasaki
13883:Hachinohe
13853:Hiratsuka
13843:Tokushima
13788:Fukushima
13758:Yokkaichi
13733:Koshigaya
13683:Asahikawa
13678:Shinagawa
13673:Takatsuki
13638:Toyohashi
13598:Takamatsu
13558:Amagasaki
13538:Kurashiki
13502:Matsuyama
13482:Kawaguchi
13472:Funabashi
13467:Kagoshima
13422:Hamamatsu
13376:Hiroshima
13316:(capital)
13059:Stuttgart
12936:Hyderabad
12888:Zhengzhou
12863:Chongqing
12806:Bangalore
12739:São Paulo
12687:Guangzhou
12594:Yamaguchi
12589:Tokushima
12562:Yokkaichi
12502:Kishiwada
12467:Hiratsuka
12457:Chigasaki
12399:Toyohashi
12384:Takatsuki
12374:Takamatsu
12294:Matsuyama
12289:Matsumoto
12264:Kurashiki
12259:Koshigaya
12239:Kawaguchi
12219:Kagoshima
12179:Hachinohe
12169:Funabashi
12159:Fukushima
12149:Asahikawa
12139:Amagasaki
12031:Hiroshima
12026:Hamamatsu
11971:Shinagawa
11752:Shimamoto
11718:Districts
11679:Moriguchi
11669:Matsubara
11654:Kashiwara
11639:Izumisano
11634:Izumiōtsu
11609:Fujiidera
11588:Kishiwada
11555:Takatsuki
11425:Sumiyoshi
11410:Nishinari
11345:Fukushima
11103:0012-155X
10951:158403519
10521:March 25,
10154:March 25,
9784:cite book
9523:April 22,
9296:0268-4160
9037:March 21,
8896:March 25,
8788:March 25,
8674:March 21,
8389:Expo 2025
8320:, Vietnam
8242:Singapore
8182:Melbourne
8113:Hong Kong
8102:, Vietnam
8089:, Germany
7910:São Paulo
7846:Melbourne
7769:Osaka is
7643:Isshin-ji
6372:OAP Tower
6316:Libraries
6174:Education
6160:FM Cocolo
6020:NHK Osaka
5551:Dōtonbori
5508:oshizushi
5437:Le Figaro
5404:shōtengai
5353:Dōtonbori
5349:Glico Man
5306:Kagoshima
5002:and 10th
4906:Hong Kong
4902:Singapore
4886:Panasonic
4778:Amakudari
4517:Taishō-ku
4481:Naniwa-ku
4469:Minato-ku
4439:Hirano-ku
4354:Factions:
4239:Osaka-ben
4205:Meiji era
4194:2,752,024
4183:2,691,185
4172:2,666,371
4161:2,628,811
4150:2,598,774
4139:2,602,421
4128:2,623,801
4117:2,636,249
4106:2,648,180
4095:2,778,987
4084:2,980,487
4073:3,156,222
4062:3,011,563
4051:2,547,316
4040:2,015,350
4029:1,614,632
4018:3,300,714
4007:3,022,425
3996:2,477,959
3985:2,135,248
3974:1,798,295
3963:1,239,373
3781:Taishō-ku
3613:Naniwa-ku
3557:Minato-ku
3414:Hirano-ku
3136:Dōtonbori
3017:Shinsekai
2993:, called
2954:Dōtonbori
2820:Cityscape
2033:(37.53).
2025:(40.41),
2021:(41.90),
1995:Amagasaki
1987:Osaka Bay
1973:Geography
1741:Chevrolet
1725:Melbourne
1502:Merchants
1457:Buddhists
1452:In 1496,
1384:Heian-kyō
1376:Heijō-kyō
1155:from the
973:Etymology
951:Shinsekai
943:Dōtonbori
915:Panasonic
773:Ōsaka-shi
572:Time zone
533:2,753,862
178:Dōtonbori
174:Shinsekai
172:tower in
13983:Kumagaya
13913:Kasukabe
13893:Neyagawa
13863:Yamagata
13838:Kakogawa
13813:Hakodate
13808:Ichihara
13753:Shinjuku
13738:Maebashi
13703:Kōriyama
13698:Takasaki
13658:Miyazaki
13648:Wakayama
13628:Toyonaka
13618:Fujisawa
13613:Hirakata
13583:Yokosuka
13568:Nagasaki
13563:Kanazawa
13553:Fukuyama
13497:Itabashi
13492:Suginami
13477:Hachiōji
13452:Kumamoto
13427:Shizuoka
13407:Setagaya
13366:Kawasaki
13320:Yokohama
13224:Budapest
13125:Helsinki
13103:Edmonton
13026:Helsinki
12956:Surabaya
12946:Hangzhou
12903:Dongguan
12841:Kinshasa
12831:Istanbul
12801:Pretoria
12774:Shenzhen
12744:New York
12706:Shanghai
12507:Kumagaya
12497:Kasukabe
12487:Kakogawa
12434:Yokosuka
12429:Yamagata
12419:Wakayama
12404:Toyonaka
12379:Takasaki
12334:Neyagawa
12324:Nagasaki
12299:Miyazaki
12279:Maebashi
12254:Kōriyama
12224:Kanazawa
12204:Hirakata
12189:Hakodate
12184:Hachiōji
12164:Fukuyama
12111:Yokohama
12106:Shizuoka
12051:Kumamoto
12036:Kawasaki
11981:Suginami
11976:Shinjuku
11961:Setagaya
11916:Itabashi
11776:Kumatori
11704:Takaishi
11614:Habikino
11560:Toyonaka
11545:Neyagawa
11540:Hirakata
11445:Yodogawa
11385:Konohana
11066:Archived
11021:Archived
10860:Archived
10809:Archived
10727:Archived
10612:Archived
10591:Archived
10573:July 18,
10547:July 18,
10474:Archived
10177:Archived
10126:Archived
10107:Archived
10088:Archived
9928:Archived
9873:July 16,
9687:July 10,
9336:: 1–14.
9232:ProQuest
9047:cite web
8692:Archived
8578:July 16,
8544:July 16,
8384:Expo '70
8378:See also
8294:, France
8229:Shanghai
8186:Victoria
8070:Brisbane
8044:Auckland
7964:Budapest
7923:Shanghai
7867:Lombardy
7850:Victoria
7803:Illinois
7788:, Turkey
7691:Churches
7648:Taiyū-ji
7614:Shomanin
6992:Meidi-Ya
6817:Senpukan
6478:Tekijuku
6152:FM OSAKA
6129:, Inc. (
6121:, Inc. (
5981:for its
5970:and the
5953:Midōsuji
5894:B.League
5870:J.League
5590:Kamigata
5466:takoyaki
5337:Takoyaki
5310:Miyazaki
5251:stop at
5176:Kyōbashi
5117:(left).
4988:Wakayama
4914:Shanghai
4690:revenues
4487:Nishi-ku
4445:Ikuno-ku
4403:Asahi-ku
4397:Abeno-ku
4346:Members:
3878:182,254
3850:111,501
3766:153,425
3738:120,629
3682:108,654
3654:103,089
3641:Nishi-ku
3598:107,555
3514:136,602
3483:167,925
3455:129,641
3442:Ikuno-ku
3427:193,282
3399:176,943
3371:126,704
3287:100,998
3246:Asahi-ku
3221:107,000
3208:Abeno-ku
3062:and the
3052:bay area
3023:tower),
3010:Midōsuji
2973:Honmachi
2765:Average
2760:2,048.6
2670:Average
2548:(52.69)
2479:Average
2194:(102.4)
2169:(102.4)
2164:(101.1)
2011:latitude
1924:district
1895:Yokohama
1874:list of
1824:Expo '70
1765:Daihatsu
1745:Cadillac
1580:and the
1572:(modern
1396:Buddhist
1314:In 645,
856:Yokohama
760:Japanese
613:530-8201
598:- Flower
194:Midōsuji
184:shrine,
14003:Tottori
13988:Isesaki
13973:Shibuya
13958:Tsukuba
13858:Toshima
13803:Nagaoka
13778:Morioka
13773:Kasugai
13713:Kawagoe
13653:Okazaki
13623:Kashiwa
13603:Machida
13528:Matsudo
13457:Edogawa
13442:Okayama
13417:Niigata
13371:Saitama
13351:Fukuoka
13346:Sapporo
13249:Beijing
13180:Beijing
13092:Seville
12961:Bandung
12931:Tianjin
12878:Chennai
12811:Chengdu
12764:Beijing
12759:Bangkok
12749:Karachi
12734:Kolkata
12677:Jakarta
12608:also a
12552:Tsukuba
12522:Odawara
12512:Nagaoka
12492:Kasugai
12477:Isesaki
12472:Ibaraki
12389:Tottori
12349:Okazaki
12309:Morioka
12234:Kawagoe
12229:Kashiwa
12096:Sapporo
12086:Saitama
12071:Okayama
12066:Niigata
12021:Fukuoka
11991:Toshima
11966:Shibuya
11911:Edogawa
11901:Chiyoda
11891:Arakawa
11764:Tadaoka
11649:Kaizuka
11583:Ibaraki
11483:Higashi
11440:Tsurumi
11435:Tennōji
11420:Suminoe
11303:capital
11170:. 1914.
11016:(2002)
11009:(2005).
10834:Archive
10780:Archive
10744:大阪市の教育史
10250:June 1,
10055:May 20,
9601:July 9,
9575:May 19,
8852:July 4,
8372:, Chile
8359:, Spain
8256:, China
8254:Tianjin
8231:, China
8205:, India
8126:Jakarta
8115:, China
8087:Hamburg
8057:Bangkok
8016:Seattle
7940:Ontario
7936:Toronto
7816:Hamburg
7799:Chicago
7786:Aksaray
7771:twinned
7653:Hozenji
7590:Temples
7489:Kōzu-gū
7433:Shrines
7276:Gallery
7038:Daimaru
6657:Gallery
6088:Reuters
5872:clubs,
5795:celadon
5787:OMNIMAX
5661:others.
5613:bunraku
5525:battera
5480:octopus
5314:Okinawa
5294:Tianjin
5205:JR West
5163:Tennōji
5049:(red),
4954:called
4838:Economy
4545:Website
4457:Kita-ku
4451:Jōtō-ku
4409:Chūō-ku
4227:Dialect
3952:881,344
3941:483,609
3930:292,636
3919:271,992
3884:14,419
3856:13,648
3828:16,700
3822:80,830
3794:62,872
3772:16,322
3710:95,960
3688:14,743
3660:19,787
3632:17,082
3626:74,992
3604:17,690
3576:10,275
3570:80,759
3542:65,086
3520:13,211
3498:Kita-ku
3489:20,039
3470:Jōtō-ku
3461:15,489
3433:12,649
3405:13,334
3377:12,995
3349:18,433
3343:83,684
3321:16,777
3315:78,348
3293:11,386
3274:Chūō-ku
3265:14,376
3259:90,854
3227:18,440
3094:Gallery
3025:Tennoji
2939:Chūō-ku
2546:1,338.3
2543:(2.19)
2538:(2.85)
2533:(5.35)
2528:(6.02)
2523:(4.45)
2518:(6.87)
2513:(7.29)
2508:(5.37)
2503:(4.01)
2498:(4.06)
2493:(2.38)
2488:(1.85)
2474:(18.5)
2469:(23.9)
2464:(28.0)
2459:(37.4)
2454:(50.7)
2449:(56.5)
2444:(58.6)
2439:(48.0)
2434:(38.3)
2429:(27.3)
2424:(22.6)
2419:(20.3)
2414:(18.5)
2404:(56.5)
2399:(41.5)
2394:(50.4)
2389:(60.8)
2384:(71.4)
2379:(78.4)
2374:(76.3)
2369:(68.5)
2364:(60.8)
2359:(51.6)
2354:(42.8)
2349:(37.8)
2344:(37.4)
2334:(62.8)
2329:(47.7)
2324:(56.8)
2319:(67.1)
2314:(77.4)
2309:(84.2)
2304:(81.9)
2299:(74.5)
2294:(68.2)
2289:(59.4)
2284:(49.8)
2279:(43.9)
2274:(43.2)
2264:(70.3)
2259:(54.1)
2254:(64.0)
2249:(74.7)
2244:(85.1)
2239:(92.7)
2234:(89.2)
2229:(82.4)
2224:(76.8)
2219:(67.8)
2214:(57.6)
2209:(50.9)
2204:(49.5)
2189:(76.1)
2184:(81.0)
2179:(91.6)
2174:(97.5)
2159:(97.0)
2154:(90.9)
2149:(87.3)
2144:(75.6)
2139:(74.7)
2134:(66.4)
2037:Climate
1952:in 1945
1950:bombing
1909:Gallery
1820:Toronto
1816:Chicago
1774:During
1749:Pontiac
1618:Gallery
1562:samurai
1554:Bunraku
1541:ukiyo-e
1533:futures
1493:Daimyōs
1402:Gallery
1251:By the
1224:. This
1194:Chuo-ku
1110:History
983:By the
838:-Osaka-
818:in the
768:Hepburn
626:Website
608:Address
420:Country
188:within
13978:Minato
13968:Joetsu
13963:Numazu
13933:Yamato
13928:Atsugi
13903:Sumida
13868:Sasebo
13833:Meguro
13783:Akashi
13768:Kurume
13763:Aomori
13633:Nagano
13593:Toyota
13588:Toyama
13487:Himeji
13462:Adachi
13437:Nerima
13381:Sendai
13330:Nagoya
13213:Eugene
13191:London
13169:Moscow
13147:Berlin
13081:Athens
12951:Nagoya
12941:Taipei
12926:Bogotá
12898:London
12893:Luanda
12858:Tehran
12836:Lahore
12769:Moscow
12701:Manila
12696:Mumbai
12691:Foshan
12557:Yamato
12517:Numazu
12482:Jōetsu
12452:Atsugi
12409:Toyota
12394:Toyama
12359:Sasebo
12319:Nagano
12284:Matsue
12274:Kurume
12199:Himeji
12144:Aomori
12129:Akashi
12101:Sendai
12061:Nagoya
11986:Sumida
11951:Nerima
11946:Nakano
11941:Minato
11936:Meguro
11896:Bunkyō
11886:Adachi
11803:Toyono
11786:Tajiri
11781:Misaki
11740:Taishi
11694:Settsu
11689:Sennan
11659:Katano
11644:Kadoma
11619:Hannan
11597:Cities
11508:Minami
11503:Mihara
11430:Taishō
11400:Naniwa
11390:Minato
11365:Hirano
11167:
11111:
11101:
11077:(2011)
10999:
10981:
10949:
10842:Jānaru
10788:Jānaru
10708:
10646:May 5,
10618:May 5,
10455:
10345:Mercer
10325:May 5,
10299:May 5,
9981:May 5,
9957:
9835:
9733:
9625:
9437:Forbes
9404:Forbes
9294:
9247:(2001)
9215:May 5,
9167:
9140:
9114:(2005)
8927:
8843:
8818:May 8,
8779:
8708:templi
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7525:]
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7501:]
7474:]
7457:]
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1073:坂
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1033:坂
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