1968:
2013:
522:
481:
719:
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455:
683:
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in 1495. In the meantime
Bayezid signed a ten-year peace with Hungary in 1484, although this did not prevent a defeat of an Ottoman army at Villach in 1493. Between 1484 and 1486 Bayezid campaigned annually against Moldavia in an attempt to subdue it and link up with Crimea, his Muslim vassal and ally. Despite two defeats in 1485 and 1486 Moldavia was subjugated. As Bayezid's reign drew to a close he was entangled in a civil war between his sons Ahmed and Selim. Eventually Selim took the throne in 1512 and for the next eight years continued minor conquests in the west, although his main achievement was the conquest of the
402:
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1993:, the Ottoman cavalry regrouped and flanked the Knights inflicting a moderate number of casualties. The Sultan then placed his Janissaries and cannon into position chained up as an effective line. The Hungarian cavalry took serious casualties from the skilfully handled Turkish artillery. With the cavalry annihilated, the infantry suffered immense casualties as the weight of numbers of the Ottomans and their skill in battle took their toll. When Suleiman the Magnificent found the body of Louis II he is said to have been saddened by his untimely death.
852:
795:
493:
414:
636:
828:
443:
2004:, who had been instructed by Louis II to raid the enemy's supply lines, arrived at the battle too late and fled the scene. Suleiman, however, was not ready to annex the Kingdom completely into the Ottoman realm and in that power gap, Zapolya was chosen by Hungarian electorate as their ruler. Meanwhile, at the Diet of Bratislava Archduke Ferdinand of Austria was declared King of Hungary. The surviving nobles of Hungary now had to choose between pledging allegiance to a native vassal of Suleiman and a Christian "foreigner".
469:
771:
387:
745:
548:
268:
1686:
2028:
612:
732:
1569:
864:
807:
505:
426:
1882:
136:
670:
587:
36:
77:
1611:
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included a small civil war against his brother Jem, who escaped to the west. There
European leaders entertained ideas of installing a pro-Western sultan while sending a crusade to the Balkans. Consequently, Bayezid did not incite any serious wars with his Christian opponents until his brother's death
1637:
was rallying his resources to subjugate
Hungary. His immediate objective was Nándorfehérvár (today Belgrade). Nándorfehérvár was a major castle-fortress, and a gatekeeper of south Hungary. The fall of this stronghold would have opened a clear way to the heart of Central Europe. Hunyadi arrived at the
1583:
The
Hungarians recovered their strength after Varna and Hunyadi was able to lead another expedition down the Danube. Turkish counter-attacks saw this "crusade" driven back. After Murad dealt with the Greeks at the Peloponesse and others who had fought him at Varna, he turned his attention to Albania,
1527:
on
November 3, 1443, defeating another Turkish army as they crossed the Balkan Mountains and then taking another victory on Christmas Day. Because supplies for the Crusader army were low, Hunyadi concluded a ten-year peace treaty with Murad II, presumably on Hunyadi's terms, for it was the triumphant
1451:
With
Byzantium no longer a threat, Murad II began his war against his Christian opponents, attacking Macedonia and capturing Thessalonika from the Venetians in 1430. Between 1435 and 1436 the Ottomans made a show of strength in Albania, but the country survived due to intervention from the Kingdom of
1984:
had been to send a vanguard to hold the Danube where the
Ottomans were expected to cross, yet the nobles of the Kingdom refused to follow the King's deputy in battle, claiming that they did so out of zealous allegiance to the King (and would therefore only follow him). Consequently, when King Louis
1732:
During the battle, Pope
Callixtus III had ordered the bells of every European church to be rung every day at noon, as a call for believers to pray for the defenders of Belgrade. However, in many countries (like England and the Spanish kingdoms), news of the victory arrived before the order, and the
1339:
in 1352 and established a vassal principality there, before conquering Vidin in 1365. The rulers of Serbia, Walachia, Moldavia, and
Bulgaria became his vassals. They regarded powerful Hungary as a potential menace to their national identity. For this reason, Hungary could never regard the Serbs and
1551:
The
Crusader army attacked across the Danube. Murad, upon hearing of the Christian breach of the treaty, is said to have mounted the broken treaty on his standard and said the words, "Christ, if you are God as your followers claim, punish them for their perfidy". The two armies met on November 10,
2023:
Zápolya would rule Hungary until his death in 1540. Following his demise, Hungary was split into three parts. The north-west (present-day Slovakia, western Transdanubia and Burgenland, western Croatia and parts of north-eastern present-day Hungary) remained under Habsburg rule; although initially
1850:
The Ottomans returned in 1476, this time assisted by their allies from Crimea, the Tartars and their newly conquered Vassal of Wallachia. Stephen knew that he did not have the resources to defend his people and evacuated them to the mountains. After a failed attack on the Ottoman vanguard Stephen
1334:
His latter campaigns in the Balkans were aimed not so much at conquest and subjugation as at drawing the Serbs, Bosnians, Wallachians and Bulgarians into the fold of the Roman Catholic faith and at forming a united front against the Turks. It was relatively easy to subdue the Balkan Orthodox
1818:. The main drive for these actions was Vlad's return to his homeland after being in exile as a hostage of the Ottoman sultan. In 1461, five years after his return, Vlad initiated war with the Turks when he impaled the Turkish ambassadors demanding tribute from him and took the fortress of
2041:
The eastern part of the kingdom (Partium and Transylvania) became at first an independent principality, but gradually was brought under Turkish rule as a vassal state of the Ottoman Empire. The remaining central area (most of present-day Hungary), including the capital of Buda, became a
2381:, p. 311 "A peasant uprising, crushed in 1514, was followed by defeat by the Ottoman Turks at the decisive battle of Mohacs in 1526. King Louis II and more than 20,000 of his men perished in battle, which marked the end of Hungarian power in Central Europe."
1842:
was shorter and yielded poorer results. In 1475 Mehmed ordered an invasion of Moldavia. Again, the Ottomans often took possession of the field but Moldavian hit-and-run tactics proved effective against the Turks. Poor roads further slowed the Ottomans until
1985:
II took the field his army of 36,000 men seemed to be doomed to fail against the Ottomans' 80,000. At Mohács the plains of Hungary allowed the heavier Christian knights to launch an effective charge. As the Hungarian knights brushed aside first the
1705:
army, and Hunyadi pursued the retreating forces into their camp, taking advantage of the Turkish army's confused flight from the city. After fierce but brief fighting, the camp was captured, and Mehmet raised the siege and returned to
1335:
countries by arms, but to convert them was a different matter. Despite Louis' efforts, the peoples of the Balkans remained faithful to the Eastern Orthodox Church and their attitude toward Hungary remained ambiguous. Louis annexed
1560:. Accounts vary as to how many troops were present but the Crusaders may have been 30,000 strong whilst the Ottoman forces were two to three times larger. Nonetheless, Hunyadi's successful defense wagons held the line until
1642:
at the end of 1455, after settling differences with his domestic enemies. At his own expense, he restocked the supplies and arms of the fortress, leaving a strong garrison there under the command of his brother-in-law
1536:
incited the Hungarians to break the treaty and attack the Turks once more. However, much of the Crusader armies' strength had been reduced due to the loss (by defection) of Serbia, Albania and the Byzantine Empire.
1975:
When Suleiman launched an invasion in 1526 the Grand Vizier constructed a great bridge ahead of the Sultan allowing his army to march into Hungary. Despite eighty days of marching and taking five days to cross the
1733:
ringing of the church bells at noon thus transformed into a commemoration of the victory. The pope never withdrew the order, and many Catholic and older Protestant churches still ring the noon bell to this day.
2504:
1564:
led a charge to his death against the Turkish lines. His head was mounted on a spear where all the defeated Crusaders could see it. Few Crusaders survived the battle, although Hunyadi did escape with his life.
1584:
whose leader, once an Ottoman hostage, was now a popular resistance leader. Hunyadi could not refuse an offer to fight the Turks and in 1448 an army of some 24,000 Hungarians marched south into Serbia. At the
2375:, pp. 365–366 "In 1526, at the battle of Mohács, the Hungarian army was destroyed by the Turks. King Louis II died, along with 7 bishops, 28 barons and most of his army (4,000 cavalry and 10,000 infantry)."
1784:
in the Kingdom of Naples. At the earnest solicitation of the pope Matthias sent the Hungarian general, Balázs Magyar, to recover the fortress, which surrendered on 10 May 1481. Again in 1488, Matthias took
1825:
Ottoman attempts to subdue Vlad militarily proved a failure, but his cruelty, which had terrorized his enemies, proved to be his undoing. When Mehmed offered the populace the choice of Vlad or his brother
1376:(25 September 1396) is thought to be the first military encounter between Hungary and the Ottoman Empire, where a broad coalition force of Christian monarchs and European military commanders including the
1949:, the same settlement that had defied Mehmed II over half a century earlier. Despite strong resistance, the city fell to Suleiman. In 1522 Suleiman took his army to a strategically successful
1588:
Murad scored another victory against the Hungarians. This time, Hunyadi had had enough and was unable to campaign against the Ottoman Sultan. Murad II passed on his powers to his successor,
1444:, and proceeded to conquer new territories both in the balkans and anatolia and adding them to the resurgent Ottoman empire . In 1422, no longer professing suzerainty to the Byzantines, he
1851:
seemed on the brink of defeat when King Matthias Corvinus of Hungary offered assistance. The Ottomans withdrew when the Hungarians began moving in and fighting did not resume until 1484.
1331:
with the assistance of Louis' troops, and when Dušan made a second attempt he defeated by Louis in 1354, capturing Mačva and Belgrade. The two monarchs signed a peace agreement in 1355.
1489:
In the year of 1442, John Hunyadi won four victories against the Ottomans, two of which were decisive. In March 1442, Hunyadi defeated Mezid Bey and the raiding Ottoman army at the
2024:
independent, later it became a part of the Habsburg Monarchy under the informal name Royal Hungary. The Habsburg Emperors would from then on be also crowned as Kings of Hungary.
1430:
By the 1380s Ottomans acquainted firearms as they faced enemies already in possession of firearms like the Byzantines, Venetians and the Hungarians. The earliest type of Turkish
903:
1729:), next to his younger brother John. Sultan Mehmet II paid him tribute: "Although he was my enemy I feel grief over his death, because the world has never seen such a man."
1250:. The northern and most of the central parts of Hungary managed to remain free from Ottoman rule, but the Kingdom of Hungary, the most powerful state east of Vienna under
1523:
Following this victory, Wallachia again accepted the suzerainty of the Kingdom of Hungary. With the help of knights from western Europe, Hunyadi succeeded in capturing
1768:
for the protection of the borders against the Ottomans. In 1479 an Ottoman army, on its return home from ravaging Transylvania, was annihilated at Szászváros (modern
1512:. This was the first time that a European army defeated such a large Ottoman force, composed not only of raiders, but of the provincial cavalry led by their own
1203:, with limited Hungarian help, resisted Ottoman rule until the Ottomans placed his brother, a man less feared and less hated by the populace, on the throne of
1441:
2551:
1207:. Ottoman success was once again halted at Moldavia due to Hungarian intervention, but the Turks finally succeeded when Moldavia and then Belgrade fell to
3228:
896:
1440:, the successor to Mehmed I, proved to be a worthy successor to his father, who had completed the restoration of their realm following the end of the
1822:. Vlad then began a bloody assault across the Danube to the Black Sea, destroying as many of the ports as he could to prevent Ottoman naval attacks.
3786:
1830:, the populace chose Radu and soon Vlad was again an exile on the run. An attempt to return a few years afterwards ended in his death in battle.
1532:
in February 1444. Ten years was the maximum time permitted by Islamic law for a treaty with an "infidel". The peace was short lived, as Cardinal
1847:
was able to concentrate his forces at Vaslui. An Ottoman offensive was held in check and then finally driven from the field on 10 January 1475.
889:
711:
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to Constantinople, which narrowly avoided becoming an Ottoman conquest. However he had managed to capture lands surrounding Constantinople.
200:
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However, plague broke out in Hunyadi's camp three weeks after the lifting of the siege, and he died on August 11. He was buried inside the (
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17:
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assembled by Hunyadi destroyed the Ottoman fleet. On July 21, Szilágyi's forces in the fortress repulsed a fierce assault by the
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emerged victorious and reestablished the Ottoman Empire and Byzantine Emperor accepted its vassalship and agreed to pay tribute.
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in 1389 effectively marked the end of Serbian power in the region, paving the way for Ottoman expansion into the rest of Europe.
964:
186:
459:
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2817:
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1274:(with a greater population than London at the time) was captured from the Venetians in 1387, and the Turkish victory at the
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in 1326, Ottoman rule began to extend over the eastern Mediterranean and the Balkans, slowly at first and later in earnest.
3235:
168:
1967:
1369:
visited Hungary to beg for help against the Ottoman Turks, who were in increasing conflict with the Balkan vassal states.
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3130:
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1776:. The following year Matthias recaptured Jajce, drove the Ottomans from northern Serbia and instituted two new military
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was comprehensively annihilated by a numerically inferior Turkish army under the capable command of their 4th Sultan,
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473:
237:
219:
117:
63:
1911:
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1191:, though without significant outside support the Hungarians were defeated. Nonetheless the Ottomans suffered more
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3721:
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55:
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became the key architect of campaigns against the Ottoman Empire. In 1441 he scored a pitched battle victory at
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are called as "Şakaloz", which word came from the Hungarian hand cannon "Szakállas puska" in the 15th century.
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Ion Grumeza: The Roots of Balkanization: Eastern Europe C.E. 500-1500, University Press of America, 2010
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made up mostly of peasants. Although relatively ill-armed (most were armed with farm equipment, such as
1651:. He proceeded to form a relief army, and assembled a fleet of two hundred ships. His main ally was the
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1414:(so named for the speed of his crushing victories against his Christian opponents, most notably at
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The Holy Wars of King Wladislas and Sultan Murad: The Ottoman-Christian Conflict from 1438–1444
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in 1354, severing the Byzantine Empire from its continental territories; the important city of
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1710:. With his flight began a 70-year period of relative peace on Hungary's southeastern border.
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Series of conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary from 1366 to 1526
1980:, the Ottomans met no resistance from the Hungarians. The original plan of Hungarian King
8:
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87:
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1962:
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2054:, was one of the most important Ottoman victories over the Habsburg forces in Hungary.
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750:
687:
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320:
2659:] (Map). 1 : 10.000.000. Kartográfiai Vállalat. 1991. p. 112. § V.
1868:. It would be Selim's successor, Suleiman who would continue the war against Hungary.
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The Heirs of Archimedes: Science and the Art of War Through the Age of Enlightenment
1780:, Jajce and Srebernik, from reconquered Bosnian territory. In 1480 an Ottoman fleet
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Mehmed's army seems to have spent itself in Wallachia for the campaign against the
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Battle of Nándorfehérvár, Hungarian painting from the 19th century. In the middle
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1254:, was now divided and constantly threatened by Ottoman ambitions in the region.
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1714:
1482:. The following year, he annihilated an Ottoman force invading Transylvania at
1407:
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770:
699:
675:
391:
386:
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316:
2467:Божилов, Иван (1994). "Иван Срацимир, цар във Видин (1352–1353 — 1396)".
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One Europe, many nations: a historical dictionary of European national groups
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rebelled against the Ottoman Empire and declared the King of Hungary as his
1226:
Following this defeat, the eastern region of the Kingdom of Hungary (mainly
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in 1453 with only the Italians offering minimal support to the Byzantines.
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1471:
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540:
2456:. New York, J. S. Ogilvie publishing company – via Internet Archive.
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under his protection for a while, occupying it with a Hungarian garrison.
1300:, who would rule from 1342–1382 and earn the epithet "the Great", invaded
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Despite these successes the Ottomans were dealt a major setback when at
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Wallachians as reliable allies in subsequent wars against the Turks.
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Mehmed II's post-Constantinople troubles escalated further when the
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Meanwhile, the Ottoman issue had again become acute, and, after the
135:
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The Last Muslim Conquest: The Ottoman Empire and Its Wars in Europe
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1871:
1839:
1815:
1707:
1698:
1557:
1437:
1419:
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1336:
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1215:, respectively. In 1526 the Ottomans crushed the Hungarian army at
1180:. It also sought and expressed desire to expand further north into
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The Balkans and the Near East: Introduction to a Shared History
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Hungary, whose borders now neared those of the Ottoman Empire.
1324:
1176:, the Ottoman Empire was poised to conquer the entirety of the
1524:
1501:. In September 1442, Hunyadi defeated a large Ottoman army of
2744:
support this number, other suggest a smaller number of 60,000
2469:Фамилията на Асеневци (1186–1460). Генеалогия и просопография
1777:
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1483:
1355:
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1592:. Thanks to such victories, the Ottoman forces were able to
1757:
1610:
1529:
1343:
In the spring of 1365, Louis headed a campaign against the
1953:, allowing the Knights Hospital to evacuate for the fort.
1674:) they flocked to Hunyadi and his small corps of seasoned
1945:
resumed the war against Hungary by attacking the city of
2609:
1760:
in 1458 at the age of 15. In 1471 Matthias renewed the
367:
and its partition between the Ottomans and the Habsburgs
1470:
In the 1440s and 1450s, the Hungarian military leader
1311:
Louis and his 80,000 strong army repelled the Serbian
1834:
Stephen the Great and war against Moldavia, 1475–1476
1387:
2373:
A Dictionary of Military History and the Art of War
1425:
160:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1798:Vlad the Impaler and war with Wallachia, 1456–1475
2690:]. Hadtörténelem fiataloknak (in Hungarian).
2530:] (in Hungarian). Hungary: Magyar Könyvklub.
3698:
1872:Campaigns of Suleiman the Magnificent, 1520–1566
1792:
1187:The initial Hungarian success culminated in the
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1745:Military actions of Matthias Corvinus and the
1516:(governors) and accompanied by the formidable
1282:Balkans and Turkish wars of Louis I of Hungary
2842:
2550:
1737:Turkish wars of Matthias Corvinus (1458–1490)
897:
2720:"Az Oszmán Birodalom És A Török Köztársaság"
1455:
98:. There might be a discussion about this on
1910:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1599:
1246:now asserting primacy in the conflict with
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2849:
2835:
2406:
1418:). After a decade of internecine battles,
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890:
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2627:
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2395:History of the Byzantine Empire, 324–1453
1930:Learn how and when to remove this message
1410:defeated and captured the Ottoman Sultan
238:Learn how and when to remove this message
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2011:
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1971:Discovery of the Corpse of King Louis II
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1323:in 1349. When Emperor Dušan broke into
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2065:repelled the attacks and defended the
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1223:perishing along with 26,000 soldiers.
1184:, beginning with the Hungarian lands.
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2371:Turner & Corvisier & Childs,
1327:territory he was defeated by Bosnian
1156:were a series of battles between the
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1908:adding citations to reliable sources
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158:adding citations to reliable sources
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1956:
1662:, whose fiery oratory drew a large
1462:War of the South Danube (1420–1432)
24:
3752:16th century in the Ottoman Empire
3747:15th century in the Ottoman Empire
3742:14th century in the Ottoman Empire
2451:
2397:, 2nd ed, p. 622. (Madison), 1952.
1540:
1262:In the century after the death of
25:
3803:
3767:Wars involving the Ottoman Empire
1466:Hungarian–Ottoman War (1437–1442)
1388:Timur and the Ottoman Interregnum
1292:Hungarian–Ottoman War (1375–1377)
1288:Hungarian–Ottoman War (1366–1367)
45:This article has multiple issues.
3782:Territorial evolution of Hungary
2785:. Malden: Blackwell Publishing.
2057:In 1552, Suleiman's forces laid
1880:
1426:Campaigns of Murad II, 1421–1451
862:
850:
838:
826:
805:
793:
781:
769:
743:
730:
717:
705:
693:
681:
668:
657:
646:
634:
622:
610:
598:
585:
572:
559:
546:
533:
520:
503:
491:
479:
467:
453:
441:
424:
412:
400:
385:
266:
134:
75:
34:
3777:Early modern history of Hungary
2747:
2742:. New York: Osprey. p. 46.
2730:
2712:
2688:The Black Army of King Matthias
2645:
2578:
2544:
2515:
2497:
2460:
2445:
2434:
2400:
2384:
2365:
2352:
2339:
2326:
2313:
2296:
2283:
2270:
2257:
2244:
2231:
2034:'s Charge from the Fortress of
1360:region was under Hungarian rule
145:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
2250:Battles of Knights of Rhodes:
2219:
2206:
2193:
2180:
2163:
2142:
2125:
2104:
2079:
1578:
272:Clockwise, From top left: The
13:
1:
2528:Hungary's Illustrated History
2473:Българска академия на науките
2454:"Austria-Hungary and the war"
2072:
1793:Wallachian and Moldavian wars
1508:, the Provincial Governor of
1257:
1242:. The war continued with the
2917:Principality of Transylvania
2740:The Ottoman Empire 1326–1699
2524:Magyarország képes története
363:Destruction of the medieval
7:
2952:Interwar Kingdom of Hungary
2683:Mátyás Király fekete serege
2302:Battles of Teutonic Order:
2046:of the Ottoman Empire. The
1693:with the cross in his hand.
1248:Suleiman and his successors
10:
3808:
2769:
2738:Stephen, Turnbull (2003).
2562:Princeton University Press
1960:
1772:, 13 October 1479) in the
1603:
1544:
1459:
1391:
1365:In 1366 Byzantine Emperor
1285:
1197:conquest of Constantinople
3762:Ottoman period in Hungary
3658:
3495:
3414:Universities and colleges
3388:
3379:
3285:
3276:
3162:
3153:
3068:
3059:
2985:
2877:
2868:
2680:Fenyvesi, László (1990).
2148:Battles of Papal States:
1493:in the south part of the
1456:Campaigns of John Hunyadi
1315:armies in the duchies of
1140:
925:
759:
498:Principality of Wallachia
419:Principality of Wallachia
377:
299:
265:
257:
252:
3393:Anti-Hungarian sentiment
3073:Administrative divisions
2800:Jefferson, John (2012).
2759:Encyclopaedia Britannica
2698:: Zrínyi Katonai Kiadó.
2585:Brett D. Steele (2005).
2511:. Arcanum Adatbázis Kft.
1943:Suleiman the Magnificent
1606:Siege of Belgrade (1456)
1600:Siege of Belgrade (1456)
1354:. He seized the city of
1234:, constantly engaged in
1213:Suleiman the Magnificent
510:Principality of Moldavia
486:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
431:Principality of Moldavia
169:"Hungarian–Ottoman Wars"
3792:Wars involving Slovenia
3737:16th century in Hungary
3732:15th century in Hungary
3727:14th century in Hungary
3301:Hungarian National Bank
2932:Austro-Hungarian Empire
2505:"A görög császár Budán"
2471:(in Bulgarian). София:
1764:in south Hungary under
1647:and his own eldest son
1614:The Self- Sacrifice of
1586:Second Battle of Kosovo
1528:Hungarian that entered
1412:Bayezid the Thunderbolt
1382:Bayezid the Thunderbolt
965:War of the South Danube
3772:Wars involving Hungary
3722:16th-century conflicts
3717:15th-century conflicts
3712:14th-century conflicts
3707:Ottoman–Hungarian wars
3457:International rankings
3332:Science and technology
3212:Chief of General Staff
2907:Ottoman–Hungarian wars
2724:gepeskonyv.btk.elte.hu
2653:Történelmi világatlasz
2522:Csorba, Csaba (1999).
2319:Battles of Byzantium:
2110:Battles of Lithuania:
2038:
2020:
1972:
1749:
1694:
1660:Giovanni da Capistrano
1628:fall of Constantinople
1623:
1594:capture Constantinople
1575:
1268:Gallipoli was captured
1154:Hungarian–Ottoman wars
916:Hungarian–Ottoman Wars
760:Commanders and leaders
274:Battle of Hermannstadt
260:Ottoman wars in Europe
253:Hungarian–Ottoman Wars
18:Ottoman–Hungarian Wars
2902:Late Medieval Kingdom
2897:High Medieval Kingdom
2736:Sources such as this
2345:Battles of Portugal:
2225:Battles of Bulgaria:
2052:Little War in Hungary
2030:
2015:
2008:After Zapolya's death
1970:
1855:Bayezid II, 1481–1512
1744:
1697:On July 14, 1456 the
1688:
1613:
1571:
1143:Ottoman–Habsburg wars
1110:Hungarian–Ottoman War
982:Hungarian–Ottoman War
959:Hungarian–Ottoman War
942:Hungarian–Ottoman War
936:Hungarian–Ottoman War
930:Hungarian–Ottoman War
857:Voivodes of Wallachia
800:Voivodes of Wallachia
359:Ottoman–Habsburg wars
307:1366 – 29 August 1526
3646:World Heritage Sites
3518:Palaces and mansions
2882:Hungarian prehistory
2657:Historical Worldmaps
2475:. pp. 202–203.
2413:. Lit. p. 196.
2358:Battles of Navarre:
2332:Battles of Castile:
2289:Battles of England:
2032:Nikola Šubić Zrinski
1904:improve this section
1774:Battle of Breadfield
1756:was crowned king in
1620:Alexander von Wagner
1319:and principality of
1230:) became an Ottoman
1170:capture of Gallipoli
869:Voivodes of Moldavia
812:Voivodes of Moldavia
290:Battle of Breadfield
154:improve this article
88:confusing or unclear
2407:Karl Kaser (2011).
2391:Vasiliev, Alexander
2263:Battles of Bosnia:
2237:Battles of France:
2199:Battles of Venice:
2186:Battles of Naples:
2169:Battles of Aragon:
2085:Battles of Poland:
1997:Aftermath of Mohács
1859:The early reign of
1442:Ottoman interregnum
1394:Ottoman Interregnum
1378:Knights Hospitaller
1374:Battle of Nicopolis
1358:on 2 May 1365; the
1221:Louis II of Hungary
1193:defeats at Belgrade
1172:, and the decisive
1166:Byzantine Civil War
738:Kingdom of Portugal
96:clarify the article
3757:Kingdom of Hungary
3596:Hungarian language
3447:Hungarian diaspora
3347:Telecommunications
2972:Revolution of 1956
2927:Revolution of 1848
2642:, p. 286–292.
2630:, p. 278–286.
2276:Battles of Savoy:
2212:Battles of Genoa:
2039:
2021:
1973:
1750:
1695:
1624:
1576:
1495:Kingdom of Hungary
1298:Louis I of Hungary
1162:Kingdom of Hungary
751:Kingdom of Navarre
688:Kingdom of England
580:Republic of Venice
460:Kingdom of Croatia
448:Kingdom of Hungary
365:Kingdom of Hungary
321:Kingdom of Hungary
3694:
3693:
3654:
3653:
3437:Human trafficking
3375:
3374:
3272:
3271:
3236:Political parties
3182:Foreign relations
3149:
3148:
3055:
3054:
2967:People's Republic
2947:Treaty of Trianon
2819:978-90-04-21904-5
1940:
1939:
1932:
1866:Mamluke Sultanate
1845:Stephen the Great
1762:Serbian Despotate
1754:Matthias Corvinus
1640:Siege of Belgrade
1199:. In particular,
1195:, even after the
1160:and the medieval
1149:
1148:
1084:Serbia Expedition
880:
879:
845:Serbian Despotate
788:Serbian Despotate
663:Serbian Despotate
641:Kingdom of Bosnia
629:Knights of Rhodes
617:Kingdom of France
593:Republic of Genoa
567:Kingdom of Naples
528:Holy Roman Empire
515:European allies:
474:Kingdom of Poland
373:
372:
286:Siege of Belgrade
248:
247:
240:
230:
229:
222:
204:
128:
127:
120:
68:
16:(Redirected from
3799:
3674:
3667:
3565:
3558:
3551:
3544:
3520:
3513:
3416:
3386:
3385:
3323:
3303:
3283:
3282:
3262:
3248:
3160:
3159:
3125:
3118:
3111:
3083:Cities and towns
3066:
3065:
2912:Habsburg Kingdom
2875:
2874:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2828:
2827:
2823:
2810:Brill Publishers
2796:
2763:
2762:
2751:
2745:
2743:
2734:
2728:
2727:
2716:
2710:
2709:
2677:
2671:
2670:
2649:
2643:
2637:
2631:
2625:
2619:
2613:
2607:
2606:
2582:
2576:
2575:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2464:
2458:
2457:
2452:Ludwig, Ernest.
2449:
2443:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2404:
2398:
2388:
2382:
2369:
2363:
2356:
2350:
2343:
2337:
2330:
2324:
2317:
2311:
2300:
2294:
2287:
2281:
2274:
2268:
2261:
2255:
2248:
2242:
2235:
2229:
2223:
2217:
2210:
2204:
2197:
2191:
2184:
2178:
2167:
2161:
2146:
2140:
2131:Battles of HRE:
2129:
2123:
2108:
2102:
2083:
1963:Battle of Mohács
1957:Battle of Mohács
1935:
1928:
1924:
1921:
1915:
1884:
1876:
1691:Kapisztrán János
1491:Battle of Szeben
1348:Tsardom of Vidin
1276:Battle of Kosovo
1201:Vlad the Impaler
1189:Crusade of Varna
1174:Battle of Kosovo
1164:. Following the
1005:Crusade of Varna
920:
919:
917:
906:
899:
892:
883:
882:
867:
866:
855:
854:
853:
843:
842:
841:
833:Kings of Hungary
831:
830:
829:
810:
809:
798:
797:
796:
786:
785:
784:
774:
773:
749:
747:
746:
736:
734:
733:
725:Crown of Castile
723:
721:
720:
712:Byzantine Empire
710:
709:
708:
698:
697:
696:
686:
685:
684:
674:
672:
671:
661:
651:
650:
649:
639:
638:
637:
627:
626:
625:
615:
614:
613:
605:Bulgarian Empire
603:
602:
601:
591:
589:
588:
578:
576:
575:
565:
563:
562:
552:
550:
549:
539:
537:
536:
526:
524:
523:
508:
507:
496:
495:
494:
484:
483:
482:
472:
471:
470:
458:
457:
456:
446:
445:
444:
429:
428:
417:
416:
415:
405:
404:
403:
390:
389:
353:Ottoman victory
301:
300:
294:Battle of Mohács
282:Battle of Kosovo
270:
250:
249:
243:
236:
225:
218:
214:
211:
205:
203:
162:
138:
130:
123:
116:
112:
109:
103:
79:
78:
71:
60:
38:
37:
30:
21:
3807:
3806:
3802:
3801:
3800:
3798:
3797:
3796:
3697:
3696:
3695:
3690:
3677:
3670:
3663:
3650:
3561:
3554:
3547:
3540:
3516:
3509:
3491:
3477:Public holidays
3412:
3371:
3321:
3299:
3268:
3260:
3246:
3202:Law enforcement
3145:
3121:
3114:
3107:
3051:
2981:
2962:Second Republic
2864:
2855:
2820:
2793:
2772:
2767:
2766:
2753:
2752:
2748:
2735:
2731:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2706:
2678:
2674:
2667:
2651:
2650:
2646:
2638:
2634:
2626:
2622:
2614:
2610:
2603:
2595:. p. 120.
2583:
2579:
2572:
2549:
2545:
2538:
2520:
2516:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2483:
2465:
2461:
2450:
2446:
2439:
2435:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2405:
2401:
2389:
2385:
2376:
2370:
2366:
2357:
2353:
2344:
2340:
2331:
2327:
2318:
2314:
2301:
2297:
2288:
2284:
2275:
2271:
2262:
2258:
2249:
2245:
2236:
2232:
2224:
2220:
2211:
2207:
2198:
2194:
2185:
2181:
2168:
2164:
2147:
2143:
2130:
2126:
2109:
2105:
2084:
2080:
2075:
2010:
1999:
1965:
1959:
1951:siege of Rhodes
1936:
1925:
1919:
1916:
1901:
1885:
1874:
1857:
1836:
1812:Vlad III Dracul
1800:
1795:
1739:
1645:Mihály Szilágyi
1616:Titusz Dugovics
1608:
1602:
1581:
1573:Battle of Varna
1549:
1547:Battle of Varna
1543:
1541:Battle of Varna
1534:Julian Cesarini
1468:
1460:Main articles:
1458:
1428:
1404:Timur the Great
1396:
1390:
1294:
1286:Main articles:
1284:
1260:
1232:tributary state
1150:
1145:
1136:
1123:
1112: (1521–26)
1098: (1480–81)
1032:
1007: (1443–44)
999:
984: (1437–42)
967: (1420–32)
961: (1415–19)
944: (1389–96)
938: (1375–77)
932: (1366–67)
921:
915:
913:
912:
910:
876:
861:
851:
849:
839:
837:
827:
825:
819:
804:
794:
792:
782:
780:
768:
755:
744:
742:
731:
729:
718:
716:
706:
704:
694:
692:
682:
680:
669:
667:
653:Moravian Serbia
647:
645:
635:
633:
623:
621:
611:
609:
599:
597:
586:
584:
573:
571:
560:
558:
554:Crown of Aragon
547:
545:
534:
532:
521:
519:
502:
492:
490:
480:
478:
468:
466:
454:
452:
442:
440:
423:
413:
411:
407:Crimean Khanate
401:
399:
394:
384:
344:
278:Battle of Varna
271:
244:
233:
232:
231:
226:
215:
209:
206:
163:
161:
151:
139:
124:
113:
107:
104:
93:
80:
76:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3805:
3795:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3692:
3691:
3689:
3688:
3683:
3676:
3675:
3668:
3660:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3567:
3566:
3559:
3552:
3545:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3522:
3521:
3514:
3501:
3499:
3493:
3492:
3490:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3418:
3417:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3389:
3383:
3377:
3376:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3337:Stock exchange
3334:
3329:
3324:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3305:
3304:
3292:
3286:
3280:
3274:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3266:
3265:
3264:
3255:Prime Minister
3252:
3251:
3250:
3238:
3233:
3232:
3231:
3221:
3216:
3215:
3214:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3163:
3157:
3151:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3138:
3136:National parks
3133:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3119:
3112:
3100:
3095:
3093:Extreme points
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3069:
3063:
3057:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3033:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2986:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2979:
2977:Third Republic
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2942:First Republic
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2878:
2872:
2866:
2865:
2854:
2853:
2846:
2839:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2818:
2797:
2791:
2777:Ćirković, Sima
2771:
2768:
2765:
2764:
2746:
2729:
2711:
2705:978-9633270172
2704:
2672:
2665:
2644:
2640:Jefferson 2012
2632:
2628:Jefferson 2012
2620:
2618:, p. 278.
2616:Jefferson 2012
2608:
2601:
2577:
2570:
2564:. p. 70.
2543:
2536:
2514:
2496:
2481:
2459:
2444:
2433:
2419:
2399:
2383:
2364:
2351:
2338:
2325:
2312:
2295:
2282:
2269:
2256:
2243:
2230:
2218:
2205:
2192:
2179:
2162:
2141:
2124:
2103:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2050:, part of the
2009:
2006:
1998:
1995:
1961:Main article:
1958:
1955:
1938:
1937:
1888:
1886:
1879:
1873:
1870:
1856:
1853:
1835:
1832:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1782:seized Otranto
1752:Hunyadi's son
1738:
1735:
1715:Roman Catholic
1708:Constantinople
1649:Hunyadi László
1604:Main article:
1601:
1598:
1580:
1577:
1545:Main article:
1542:
1539:
1457:
1454:
1427:
1424:
1408:Timurid Empire
1389:
1386:
1352:Ivan Sratsimir
1350:and its ruler
1283:
1280:
1259:
1256:
1182:Central Europe
1168:, the Ottoman
1158:Ottoman Empire
1147:
1146:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1113:
1106:
1105:
1099:
1093:
1087:
1081:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1057:
1051:
1045:
1039:
1033:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1009:
1008:
1001:
1000:
993:
986:
985:
978:
977:
969:
968:
962:
955:
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3018:
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3016:
3013:
3011:
3010:Árpád dynasty
3008:
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2922:Rákóczi's War
2920:
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2807:
2803:
2798:
2794:
2792:9781405142915
2788:
2784:
2783:
2778:
2774:
2773:
2760:
2756:
2755:"István Dobó"
2750:
2741:
2733:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2707:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2684:
2676:
2668:
2666:963-351-696-X
2662:
2658:
2654:
2648:
2641:
2636:
2629:
2624:
2617:
2612:
2604:
2602:9780262195164
2598:
2594:
2590:
2589:
2581:
2573:
2571:9780691205380
2567:
2563:
2559:
2558:
2553:
2552:Gábor Ágoston
2547:
2539:
2537:963-548-961-7
2533:
2529:
2525:
2518:
2510:
2506:
2500:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2482:954-430-264-6
2478:
2474:
2470:
2463:
2455:
2448:
2442:
2437:
2422:
2420:9783643501905
2416:
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2240:
2234:
2228:
2222:
2215:
2209:
2202:
2196:
2189:
2183:
2176:
2173:(1480–1481),
2172:
2166:
2159:
2155:
2152:(1480–1481),
2151:
2145:
2138:
2134:
2128:
2121:
2118:(1443–1444),
2117:
2113:
2107:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2089:(1443–1444),
2088:
2082:
2078:
2070:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2059:siege of Eger
2055:
2053:
2049:
2048:siege of Buda
2045:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2019:
2016:The Women of
2014:
2005:
2003:
1994:
1992:
1989:and then the
1988:
1983:
1979:
1969:
1964:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1934:
1931:
1923:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1894:
1889:This section
1887:
1883:
1878:
1877:
1869:
1867:
1862:
1852:
1848:
1846:
1841:
1831:
1829:
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1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1790:
1788:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1766:Vuk Grgurević
1763:
1759:
1755:
1748:
1743:
1734:
1730:
1728:
1727:Gyulafehérvár
1724:
1720:
1716:
1711:
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1704:
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1607:
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1570:
1566:
1563:
1562:King Ladislas
1559:
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1519:
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1289:
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1255:
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1249:
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1241:
1240:Royal Hungary
1237:
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185:
181:
178:
174:
171: –
170:
166:
165:Find sources:
159:
155:
149:
148:
143:This article
141:
137:
132:
131:
122:
119:
111:
101:
100:the talk page
97:
91:
89:
84:This article
82:
73:
72:
67:
65:
58:
57:
52:
51:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
3505:Architecture
3472:Prostitution
3403:Demographics
3367:Unemployment
3357:Trade unions
3192:Intelligence
3187:Human rights
3172:Constitution
3047:Coat of arms
3005:List of wars
2990:Christianity
2957:World War II
2892:Principality
2801:
2781:
2758:
2749:
2739:
2732:
2723:
2714:
2687:
2682:
2675:
2656:
2652:
2647:
2635:
2623:
2611:
2587:
2580:
2556:
2546:
2527:
2523:
2517:
2508:
2499:
2468:
2462:
2447:
2436:
2424:. Retrieved
2409:
2402:
2394:
2386:
2378:
2372:
2367:
2354:
2341:
2328:
2315:
2298:
2285:
2272:
2259:
2246:
2233:
2221:
2208:
2195:
2182:
2165:
2144:
2127:
2106:
2081:
2056:
2040:
2022:
2002:John Zápolya
2000:
1978:Danube River
1974:
1941:
1926:
1917:
1902:Please help
1890:
1858:
1849:
1837:
1824:
1810:under Count
1804:principality
1801:
1751:
1731:
1726:
1712:
1696:
1625:
1582:
1550:
1522:
1499:Transylvania
1488:
1472:John Hunyadi
1469:
1450:
1436:
1432:hand cannons
1429:
1397:
1371:
1364:
1362:until 1369.
1342:
1333:
1310:
1295:
1272:Thessaloniki
1261:
1228:Transylvania
1225:
1186:
1153:
1151:
1133: (1526)
1127: (1521)
1120: (1521)
1104: (1493)
1102:Krbava Field
1092: (1479)
1086: (1477)
1080: (1475)
1074: (1464)
1068: (1464)
1062: (1459)
1056: (1458)
1050: (1456)
1044: (1454)
1038: (1448)
996:Hermannstadt
914:
776:Ottoman Army
541:Papal States
514:
383:
378:Belligerents
352:
258:Part of the
234:
216:
210:January 2013
207:
197:
190:
183:
176:
164:
152:Please help
147:verification
144:
114:
108:January 2013
105:
94:Please help
85:
61:
54:
48:
47:Please help
44:
3621:Spa culture
3452:Irredentism
3290:Agriculture
3219:Nationality
2937:World War I
2310:(1443–1444)
2190:(1480–1481)
2067:Eger Castle
2063:István Dobó
1676:mercenaries
1579:After Varna
1556:in eastern
1518:janissaries
1514:sanjak beys
3701:Categories
3636:Television
3601:Literature
3591:Inventions
3442:Hungarians
3432:Healthcare
3322:(currency)
3224:Parliament
3025:Holy Crown
2509:arcanum.hu
2426:7 December
2073:References
1861:Bayezid II
1840:Moldavians
1747:Black Army
1723:Alba Iulia
1672:pitchforks
1653:Franciscan
1552:1444 near
1506:Şehabeddin
1446:laid siege
1392:See also:
1329:Stjepan II
1258:Background
1252:Matthias I
1219:with King
1209:Bayezid II
1090:Breadfield
180:newspapers
90:to readers
50:improve it
3581:Festivals
3462:Languages
3408:Education
3362:Transport
3309:Companies
3241:President
3177:Elections
3131:Mountains
3103:Hydrology
3061:Geography
2782:The Serbs
2593:MIT Press
2377:Minahan,
2360:Nicopolis
2347:Nicopolis
2334:Nicopolis
2321:Nicopolis
2304:Nicopolis
2291:Nicopolis
2278:Nicopolis
2265:Nicopolis
2252:Nicopolis
2239:Nicopolis
2227:Nicopolis
2214:Nicopolis
2201:Nicopolis
2175:Nicopolis
2154:Nicopolis
2133:Nicopolis
2036:Szigetvár
1920:June 2017
1891:does not
1808:Wallachia
1719:Cathedral
1635:Mehmed II
1630:in 1453,
1590:Mehmed II
1503:Beylerbey
1480:Ishak Bey
1476:Semendria
1416:Nicopolis
1345:Bulgarian
1302:Wallachia
1296:In 1344,
1244:Habsburgs
1236:civil war
1205:Wallachia
1060:Smederevo
951:Nicopolis
395:vassals:
357:Start of
337:Wallachia
56:talk page
3681:Category
3586:Folklore
3563:Sausages
3482:Religion
3342:Taxation
3327:Industry
3207:Military
3155:Politics
3078:Counties
3037:Nobility
3020:Monarchs
3000:Military
2995:Economic
2887:Pannonia
2862:articles
2779:(2004).
2692:Budapest
2554:(2021).
2491:38087158
2306:(1396),
2156:(1396),
2135:(1396),
2114:(1428),
2097:(1475),
2093:(1448),
2044:province
1982:Louis II
1947:Belgrade
1816:suzerain
1703:Rumelian
1699:flotilla
1558:Bulgaria
1438:Murad II
1420:Mehmed I
1402:in 1402
1337:Moldavia
1321:Travunia
1306:Moldavia
1118:Belgrade
1048:Belgrade
1042:Kruševac
1024:Kunovica
1019:Zlatitsa
991:Belgrade
329:Moldavia
312:Location
3665:Outline
3641:Theatre
3631:Symbols
3576:Fashion
3536:Cuisine
3511:Castles
3497:Culture
3381:Society
3352:Tourism
3319:Forint
3278:Economy
3229:Speaker
3167:Cabinet
3141:Regions
3109:Islands
3098:Geology
3088:Climate
2870:History
2858:Hungary
2770:Sources
2726:. ELTE.
2696:Hungary
2188:Otranto
2171:Otranto
2150:Otranto
2112:Golubac
1991:Sipahis
1987:Akinjis
1912:removed
1897:sources
1820:Giurgiu
1770:Orăştie
1680:cavalry
1668:scythes
1664:crusade
1510:Rumelia
1406:of the
1325:Bosnian
1313:Dušan's
1264:Osman I
1178:Balkans
1096:Otranto
1072:Zvornik
974:Golubac
341:Ottoman
333:Balkans
194:scholar
86:may be
3686:Portal
3556:Dishes
3531:Cinema
3427:Health
3314:Energy
3123:Rivers
3030:Regent
2860:
2816:
2806:Leiden
2789:
2702:
2663:
2599:
2568:
2534:
2489:
2479:
2417:
2362:(1396)
2349:(1396)
2336:(1396)
2323:(1396)
2293:(1396)
2280:(1396)
2267:(1396)
2254:(1396)
2241:(1396)
2216:(1396)
2203:(1396)
2177:(1396)
2160:(1526)
2158:Mohács
2139:(1526)
2137:Mohács
2122:(1475)
2120:Vaslui
2101:(1526)
2099:Mohács
2095:Vaslui
2091:Kosovo
1787:Ancona
1778:banats
1632:Sultan
1622:(1859)
1400:Ankara
1367:John V
1217:Mohács
1131:Mohács
1078:Vaslui
1036:Kosovo
748:
735:
722:
673:
590:
577:
564:
551:
538:
525:
349:Result
343:Empire
292:, The
288:, The
284:, The
280:, The
276:, The
196:
189:
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167:
3672:Index
3626:Sport
3616:Names
3611:Music
3606:Media
3571:Dance
3487:Women
3398:Crime
3295:Banks
3116:Lakes
2686:[
2655:[
2526:[
2308:Varna
2116:Varna
2087:Varna
1656:friar
1554:Varna
1484:Sibiu
1478:over
1356:Vidin
1317:Mačva
1238:with
1125:Šabac
1066:Jajce
1054:Užice
1029:Várna
201:JSTOR
187:books
3549:Beer
3542:Wine
3467:LGBT
3261:list
3247:list
3042:Flag
3015:King
2814:ISBN
2787:ISBN
2700:ISBN
2661:ISBN
2597:ISBN
2566:ISBN
2532:ISBN
2487:OCLC
2477:ISBN
2428:2014
2415:ISBN
2018:Eger
1895:any
1893:cite
1828:Radu
1758:Buda
1678:and
1670:and
1530:Buda
1464:and
1372:The
1304:and
1290:and
1211:and
1152:The
1014:Nish
873:etc.
816:etc.
304:Date
173:news
3526:Art
3197:Law
1906:by
1806:of
1721:of
1525:Nis
1497:in
331:),
323:),
156:by
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