Outlaw motorcycle club

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Biker Wars." The Quebec Biker Wars officially began on 13 July 1994, when three (3) masked-men shot and killed Pierre D'aoust (member of a Hells Angels-affiliated club called the Death Riders) at a motorcycle shop in Montreal. This ongoing feud largely stemmed over territory and the narcotics trade in Quebec, while also being fueled further by long-standing rivalries, deep-seated hatred and animosities between major players in the Quebec criminal underworld at that time. To provide a general idea of the criminal underworld involvement, it's essential to recall that the Hells Angels in Quebec at that time (i.e. 1994) were backed by Vito Rizzuto (of the Montreal Mafia), while the Rock Machine were affiliated with the criminal coalition known as the Alliance Against the Angels (otherwise known as the Dark Circle). The two central figures in the 1994 conflict were the leaders of the two warring gangs (Hells Angels and the Rock Machine): Maurice "Mom" Boucher (leader of Quebec's Hells Angels); and Salvatore Cazzetta (leader of the Rock Machine). The extreme levels of violence, assassinations, bombings, arson attacks, fly-by-fire attacks eventually led to the creation and passing of both Bill C-95 in 1997 and Bill C-24 in 2001 – setting forth harsher punishments and penalties for members of gangs and organized crime groups.

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forced to hand over their money to the club. A 1990 paper noted the changing role of women within outlaw motorcycle clubs, and a 2000 paper stated that they now have agency and political savvy, reframing the narratives of their lives. "We did it. We showed them we are real women dealing with real men. I'd much prefer to be living with an OMC member than some dork who is a pawn in the system", said one woman who felt she and her peers had "set the record straight". One woman in 2001 described the previous work done by men about women in the outlaw motorcycle club world by saying "the men that wrote that must be meatheads". They are part of the scene because they want to be and enjoy it. These women have broken from society's stereotypically defined roles and find freedom with the biker world.

250:. The American Motorcyclist Association has frequently complained of the bad publicity for motorcycling in general caused by outlaw clubs, and they have said that the presence of outlaw clubs at charity events has actually harmed the needy by driving down public participation and reducing donations. Events such as a 2005 shootout between rival outlaw clubs in the midst of a charity toy drive in California have raised fears about the participation of outlaw biker clubs in charity events. Authorities have attempted to ban outlaw clubs from charity events, or to restrict the wearing of colors at events in order to avert the sort of inter-club violence that has happened at previous charity runs. In 2002, the 2844:'Dangerous Motorcycle Gangs,' a widely circulated two-hour police course, notes that a white cross on a biker's colors is earned by robbing a grave, a red cross by 'committing homosexual fellatio with a witness present.' Green wings denote the wearer performed cunnilingus on a venereally diseased woman and purple wing signify—get this!—oral sex with a dead woman! (p. 32). As a rejection of values and an expression of nihilism, what could be more aberrant and grossly offensive? And even if these interpretations are inaccurate or fabricated by bikers themselves as a joke, they still reveal the outrage that the outlaw biker expression of nihilism intended to inspire. 205:

the back of their vest, but not the full logo, though this practice may vary from club to club. To become a full member, the prospect or probate must be voted on by the rest of the full club members. Successful admission usually requires more than a simple majority, and some clubs may reject a prospect or a probate for a single dissenting vote. A formal induction follows, in which the new member affirms his loyalty to the club and its members. The final logo patch is then awarded. Full members are often referred to as "full patch members" or "patchholders" and the step of attaining full membership can be referred to as "being patched".

126: 822:. As part of its Ontario expansion, the Hells Angels tried to persuade the St. Thomas, Ontario Loners chapter to merge with them. In Ontario, its highest media profile in recent years was in the infamous legal battle (by the Toronto chapter) involving animal rights and personal property. This 2001 legal court battle was so that the Loners could fight to keep their official mascot, Woody the Lion on their property, which was located just north of Toronto. The Loners lost the legal battle and their lion was removed and placed into an animal sanctuary outside of Toronto. 1154:, there were approximately 500 motorcycle gangs operating in the United States in 1991, with a combined membership of several thousand. These gangs range in levels of criminal sophistication, from groups of thugs to well-organized criminal networks. A government survey published in 1990 found that outlaw motorcycle gangs control 40% of the traffic of dangerous drugs in the U.S., including three quarters of the methamphetamine trade. A subsequent study concluded that outlaw motorcycle gangs control or are heavily involved in the sale of meth in 38 states. 5654: 575:

protect the club from implication by law enforcement. In 1985 a three-year, eleven-state FBI operation named Roughrider culminated in the largest OMG bust in history, with the confiscation of $ 2 million worth of illegal drugs, as well as an illegal arsenal of weapons, ranging from Uzi submachine guns to antitank weapons. In October 2008, the FBI announced the end of a six-month undercover operation by agents into the narcotics trafficking by the Mongols Motorcycle Club. The bust went down with 160 search warrants and 110 arrest warrants

345: 184:. Clubhouses, which are often fortified and equipped with a sophisticated security system, serve as a meeting place for a club or chapter. In order to meet the expenditures of running an outlaw motorcycle club, namely the renting, purchase or furnishing of a clubhouse, groups raise funds primarily through membership dues and club fines, the sale of various items to members, the brokerage of club shares, sponsoring parties and organizing motorcycle trips. Some clubs also maintain a fund for the legal defense of its members. 1205: 2486:

ranks of motorcycle clubs were not involved in the debacle (e.g., Reynolds, Thompson). The American Motorcyclist Association says it has no record of ever releasing such as statement. Tom Lindsay, the AMA's Public Information Director, said 'We acknowledge that the term 'one-percenter' has long been (and likely will continue to be) attributed to the American Motorcyclist Association, but we've been unable to attribute its original use to an AMA official or published statement—so it's apocryphal.'

44: 1228:, where the rugged terrain and sparse population of rural Oregon and Washington made ideal conditions for clandestine meth labs. According to a 1989 report by the Western States Information Network (SWIN), 11% of drug labs seized had outlaw motorcycle gang paraphernalia present at the site. Motorcycle gangs in the western U.S. launder money through interior decorating businesses, construction companies, locksmiths, pizza parlors, jewelry businesses, and real estate. 462: 269: 1774: 1300: 474:

have come to such conclusions; one admitting that, " interviews with biker women were limited lest intentions were misinterpreted" by their male companions and that such views of women are mythic and "sexist research" in itself, using deeply flawed methodologies and serve two highly political purposes of maintaining a dominance myth of women by men and amplifying the deviance of the male club members.

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abused, their roles as being those of obedient followers and their status as objects. These women are claimed to pass over any pay they receive to their partners or sometimes to the entire club. This appears to make these groups extremely gender segregated. This has not always been the case, as during the 1950s and 1960s, some Hells Angels chapters had female members.

1536:, when the Bandidos and the Comanchero motorcycle clubs went to war on Father's Day, Sunday 2 September 1984. The massacre had its beginnings after a group of Comancheros broke away and formed the first Bandidos Motorcycle Club chapter in Australia. This resulted in intense rivalry between the two chapters. At a public swap meet at the Viking Tavern at 1174:, however. Motorcycle gangs are also more heavily involved in prostitution on the East Coast than on the West; women operate the streets and out of gang-owned massage parlours and escort services. Eastern U.S. biker gangs use bodyguard services, horse ranches, vending machine companies, lawn services, and real estate to launder money. 2373:'Ride organisers received an unlawful edict from police blocking the participation of riders wearing clothing that identified them as members of some motorcycle clubs,' Mr Walker said. 'You can't say that to our members...these guys live for their patches.' He said bikies would never, ever ride without patches as a cardinal rule. 3446: 772:. Canadian biker gangs are involved in money laundering, intimidation, assault, attempted murder, murder, fraud, theft, counterfeiting, loan-sharking, extortion, prostitution, escort agencies, strip clubs, and the trafficking of illegal weapons, stolen goods, contraband, and illicit alcohol and cigarettes. 788:

the enactment of anti-gang and anti-organized crime legislation by the federal government, consequentially leading to more severe penalties and harsher sentencing. The Rock Machine expanded into Ontario where they established three new chapters. In 2001, the organization aligned itself with the Bandidos.

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Rock Machine – Second only to Hells Angels in Quebec (not Canada). A long-running turf war with the Hells Angels has left hundreds of people dead while the two gangs fought over the territorial drug trade (as narcotics was, and still is, a lucrative black market business). The ongoing war also led to

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Larger outlaw motorcycle clubs will often establish localized smaller clubs that are subservient to the gang. These clubs are referred to as support clubs, satellite clubs or puppet clubs. They act as auxiliary groups, providing support to the larger club by propelling their influence further, acting

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In Australia and the United States, many MCs have established statewide MC coalitions. These coalitions are composed of MCs who have chapters in the state, and the occasional interested third party organization, and hold periodic meetings on neutral ground where representatives from each club meet in

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may occur during the early stages (i.e., hang-around, prospecting) ranging from the mandatory performance of menial labor tasks for full patch members to sophomoric pranks, and, in rare cases with some outlaw motorcycle clubs, acts of violence. During this time, the prospect may wear the club name on

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Some "biker" clubs employ a process whereby members must pass several stages such as "friend of the club", "hang-around", and "prospect", on their way to becoming full-patch (see explanation of 'patching' below) members. The actual stages and membership process can and often do vary widely from club

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There also are patches associated with the gang's alleged sexual rituals. Members are awarded wings of varying colors for engaging in sex acts with women at pre-arranged 'wing parties,' the indictment states. For example, members who have sex with a woman with venereal disease are given green wings,

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Next week Norco city leaders will consider revoking an operating permit for Maverick Steakhouse where a Christmas toy drive Sunday ended in violence after several gunmen fired into the crowd. Witnesses say a fight between two rival biker clubs at the event led to the shooting in which at least three

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As middle America rides and parties with the urban middle class, neither discusses the skeleton in the closet. Neither draws attention to the fact that much of the Harley mystique, most of the unwritten rules of the road, and many of the values and ideals come from the unruly and bastard parent, the

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joined up the Hells Angels. After the Rock Machine emerged in 1986, they quickly became the number one rival of the Hells Angels, and a full-blown turf war between the two biker gangs erupted in the 1990s; unfortunately, claiming more than 150 individual lives, including two (2) prison guards and an

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Satan's Choice – Once one of Ontario's strongest, most cohesive motorcycle gangs, Satan's Choice became part of the Hells Angels' during H-A's 2000–2001 larger expansion further into Ontario. Satan's Choice had branches in Keswick, Kitchener, Oshawa, Sudbury, Simcoe County, Thunder Bay and Toronto —

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At present, there exist an abundance of outlaw motorcycle clubs in Australia - many of which are homegrown clubs (founded within the country) and have since expanded overseas. However, a good amount of the country's groups are chapters of international one-percenter clubs which originated outside of

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Other patches may be worn by members, including phrases and symbols. The style or meaning of these other patches can vary between clubs. Some, such as a skull and crossbones patch, or the motto "Respect Few, Fear None", are worn in some clubs by members who commit murder or other acts of violence on

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The club patches always remain property of the club itself, not the member, and only members are allowed to wear the club's patches. Hang-arounds or support clubs wear support patches with the club's colors. A member must closely guard their colors for allowing one's colors to fall into the hands of

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The problem with that according to Steve Cook is that if you eat in local restaurants, drink in local bars or even participate in local charity events, you already associate with them. Charity rides, toy donations... Cook has learned these are part of the disguise. 'What they don't tell you is what

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and collect $ 1 billion in illegal income annually. Motorcycle gangs frequently begin mutually beneficial partnerships with independent criminals, and maintain a large network of associates by doing so. Crimes are typically carried out by associates rather than "full patch" members in order to

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These myths about the women are: that they are subservient working-class women, used as objects for club sexual rites; are hard-bitten, unattractive, and politically conservative; and that they are 'money makers' for the biker men and clubs, i.e., prostitutes, topless barmaids or strippers who are

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consists of the club logo and the top and bottom patches, usually crescent shaped, which are referred to as rockers. The number and arrangement of patches is somewhat indicative of the nature of the club. Since many motorcycle clubs wear the three-piece patch arrangement, this is not necessarily an

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The primary visual identification of a member of an outlaw motorcycle club is the vest adorned with a large club-specific patch or patches predominantly located in the middle of the back. The patches will contain a club logo, the name of the club, and the letters MC, and a possible state, province,

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Throughout the 1990s, the province of Quebec witnessed violent confrontations between rivaling outlaw biker gangs with activities that ranged from homicides to bombings. Such violence and brutality was a decade-long conflict between the Hells Angels and the Rock Machine, better known as the "1994

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Academic research has criticized the methodology of such previous studies as being "vague and hazy", and lacking in participant demography. Such reports may have made clear statements and authoritative analyses about the role of women associated with outlaw motorcycle clubs, but few state how they

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The Warlocks motorcycle gang has filed a lawsuit accusing the Philadelphia Police Department of preventing its members from participating in a motorcycle parade to deliver toys to the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia on Sunday. Joshua Briskin, a lawyer for the gang, said the Warlocks had taken

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Outlaw motorcycle clubs first appeared in the Canadian province of Quebec during the early 1950s. By the year 1968, the province was home to at least 350 of such groups – with most of, if not all, being "home-grown" – rather than having origins outside of Canada (or even Quebec). Some of the most

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Certain large one-percent MCs have rivalries between each other and will fight over territory and other issues. Sometimes smaller clubs are forced into or willingly accept supportive roles for a larger one-percent club and are sometimes required to wear a "support patch" on their vests that shows

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The Life story caused something of a tumult around the country (Yates), and some authors have asserted that the AMA subsequently released a press statement disclaiming involvement in the Hollister event, stating that 99% of motorcyclists are good, decent, law-abiding citizens, and that the AMA's

1540:, New South Wales, a brief but violent battle ensued with seven people shot dead, including a 14-year-old innocent female bystander. A further 28 people were wounded with 20 requiring hospitalisation. Each episode starts with a quote stated by Justice Adrian Roden when the clubs went before the 885:

Over the next several weeks, the violence reached a peak. In one week in September 1995, there was an assassination in a parking lot; bombings at a strip club, a bar and the mansion of an organized crime figure; arson attacks on a pawn shop, tanning salon and a used-car lot; and a friendly-fire

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Contrary to other criminal organizations, OMGs operate on an individual basis instead of top-down, which is how supporters can claim that only some members are committing crimes. Belonging guarantees to each member the option of running criminal activity, using other members as support—the main

610:, defines these groups as: "Any group of motorcycle enthusiasts who have voluntarily made a commitment to band together and abide by their organizations' rigorous rules enforced by violence, who engage in activities that bring them and their club into serious conflict with society and the law". 469:

Most outlaw motorcycle clubs do not allow women to become full-patch members. Rather, in some 1%er clubs, women have in the past been portrayed as submissive or victims to the men, treated as property, forced into prostitution or street-level drug trafficking, and often physically and sexually

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of these types of clubs when they raid a clubhouse or the home of a MC member, and they often display these items at press conferences. These items are then used at trial to support prosecution assertions that MC members perform criminal acts on behalf of their club. Courts have found that the

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Bandidos – Founded in the 1960s in Texas, the gang operates various chapters in many cities, such as Toronto at one time, they currently do not operate in Canada. According to NGIC's 2009 report, the Bandidos are the second-most powerful criminal biker gang, with more than 2,000 members in 14

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Many members of outlaw motorcycle clubs engage in criminal activities and organized crime and "pose a serious domestic threat". Law enforcement agencies perceive such individuals and motorcycle clubs as being unique among criminal groups because they maintain websites and businesses, identify

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The Lion, nicknamed "Woody" was kept in a tidy 25-metre by 25-metre pen area. He was a club pet from the age of approximately three weeks, and was named for a biker who died in a motorcycle accident. Woody was confiscated and shipped to a compound near Barrie after the club was charged with

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for both males and, as "biker babes", for females. The appearance has even been exploited by the fashion industry bringing it into legal conflict with some clubs and simultaneously encouraging a cultural specific fetishistic look that conveys sex, danger, rebelliousness, masculinity, and

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Outlaws – First established in 1935 in the U.S., the Outlaws made their way into Canada in 1977 when several chapters of Satan's Choice (in Montreal, Quebec) changed allegiance and decided set up shop as the Outlaws Motorcycle Club of Canada. The Outlaws are known to detest the Hells

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There are black clubs, white clubs, and Mexican and other Spanish-speaking clubs. Bikers in American prisons, as prisoners generally do, band together along racial lines. It is claimed that racial discrimination within clubs has led to creation of rival clubs in the past, such as the

177:. The mother chapter serves as the ruling body of the club. Sometimes, the president of the mother chapter serves as the president of the entire MC, and sets club policy on a variety of issues, whereas other clubs either elect or appoint a National President for this role. 719:

Outlaw biker clubs first began to appear in Belgium in the 1970s, and the Belgian biker scene continued to be dominated by small local clubs until the 1990s. In 1992, Belgium's Blue Angels club became the first international club in the country when they merged with the

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is that crime and violence are not used as expedients in pursuit of profit, but that the priorities are reversed. Mayhem and lawlessness are inherent in living "The Life" and the money they obtain by illegal means is only wanted as a way to perpetuate that lifestyle.

1827:, wrote: Motorcycling is a way of life, almost a religion to some and the next best thing to breathing for others. There is no such thing as a "typical motorcyclist"; on the one hand we're outcasts and "one percenters", while on the other hand we are the "in" people. 650:

logo and name, saying the government had no right to the trademarks. Federal prosecutors had requested, as part of a larger criminal indictment, a court order giving the government ownership of the logo in order to prevent members from wearing the club's colors.

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The Hells Angels (or "H-A" as they're often referred to) were, and continue to be, one of the more prominent biker gangs still in existence today in Quebec and other regions of Canada – having at least 34 different chapters across the country in April 2009.

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themselves through patches and tattoos, write and obey constitutions and bylaws, trademark their club names and logos, and even hold publicity campaigns aimed at improving their public image. The term "outlaw motorcycle gang" was coined by the journalist

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their affiliation with the dominant regional club. Smaller clubs are often allowed to form with the permission of the dominant regional club. Clubs that resist have been forcibly disbanded by being told to hand over their colors on threat of aggression.

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Outlaw motorcycle clubs began developing rapidly in Indonesia in the 1990s, although some of the country's homegrown groups are said to have existed as early as the 1970s. The presence of biker gangs in Indonesia has received national media attention.

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Loners – The Loners Motorcycle Club was founded in Woodbridge, Ontario in 1979, having a handful of chapters, which included a now-defunct chapter in southwestern Ontario. The Loners have at least sixteen (16) chapters in Canada, ten (10) chapters in

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closed session to resolve disputes between clubs and discuss issues of common interest. Local coalitions or confederations of clubs have eliminated some of the inter-club rivalry and together they have acted to hire legal and PR representation.

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and their clubs are typically exclusively racially homogeneous. Other sources state outright, that "With few exceptions, blacks are excluded from membership or riding with one-percenter biker clubs." The average age for a club studied was 34.

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to club. Often, an individual must pass a vote of the membership and swear some level of allegiance to the club. Some clubs have a unique club patch (cut or top rocker) adorned with the term MC that are worn on the rider's vest, known as a

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Particular deals are co-ordinated and run by bikers using a few associate, mostly prospects and hang-arounds (the two ranks below full membership of the club) to do the legwork. That way, even if they're caught, the club is unlikely to be

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convened a meeting of the leaders of various Hells Angels chapters and other California clubs in 1960 in which the various clubs parleyed over the mutual problem of police harassment. The clubs voted to ally under the patch. In 1963, the

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Para Dice Riders – Another group that was once amongst Ontario's strongest biker gangs. Its membership was initially limited to the Toronto, Ontario area, until the group was absorbed by the Hells Angels in 2001, when the H-A moved into

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Outlaw clubs are often prominent at charity events, such as toy runs. Charitable giving is frequently cited as evidence that these clubs do not deserve their negative media image. Outlaw clubs have been accused of using charity rides to

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of 1947, is denied by the AMA, who claim to have no record of such a statement to the press and that the story is a misquote. Whether the original quote is true or not, the "1%" patch is worn only by clubs characterized by criminality.

4332: 5028: 2615: 1723:, was released on 4 October 2016, and introduced various biker-themed weapons, clothing, and vehicles, as well as the ability for players to join or start their own motorcycle clubs and run illicit businesses, such as 1699:, which follows the efforts of the club's vice-president (later president), Johnny Klebitz, to keep the gang alfoat when they are faced with various problems, such as the war with the Angels and a conflict with the 5067: 681:

Although the outlaw motorcycle club subculture has a tendency to be associated with the United States, a large number of regional scenes have emerged transcontinentally within countless nations across the globe.

1314: 222:", and earning ranks and titles within a club or chapter. However, there is also a subculture of outlaw biker activity which revolves around performing outrageous acts, the denigration of women, maintaining a 5850: 213:

The majority of members of outlaw motorcycle clubs have no serious criminal record, and express their outlaw status on a social level, equating the word "outlaw" with disregard for the law of groups like the

2084: 1425: 1618:-based outlaw motorcycle gang known as the Death Knights who reputably engage in contract killing as well as prostitution. The plot of the episode is centered around the murder of one of the club's members. 2510: 976:

Due to the notable presence of biker gangs in the Netherlands, alongside their tendency to be involved in criminal activity, certain one-percenter groups have been subject to nationwide prohibition by the

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overturned a law that outlawed crime-focused motorcycle clubs and required members to avoid contact with one another. In the U.S., a Federal judge rejected a prosecutor's request to seize ownership of the

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The Red Devils – Said to be the oldest motorcycle gang in Canada (the "Original Red Devils," founded in 1948), the group is made up of a few dozen members concentrated in and around the Hamilton, Ontario

969:, they've since expanded into 44 chapters across the nation and have branched out internationally within at least 20 countries. Another notable one of these groups to have come out of the Netherlands is 799:

Last Chance – A small Ontario-based biker gang that agreed to switch over and join up with the Hells Angels when they, the world's most powerful biker gang decided to move into the province (Ontario).

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as sources of recruitment and various other ways in return for protection and to bolster their reputations. Support clubs can also be used to help the principal club facilitate criminal activities.

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Some outlaw motorcycle clubs can be distinguished by a "1%" or "Diamond" shape patch worn on the colors. This is said to refer to a comment made in 1960 by William Berry, a former president of the

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Depicting outlaw motorcycle club women using anchored and unanchored research methodologies. van den Eynde, Julie University of Queensland, Australia and Veno, Arthur Monash University, Australia

3953: 3949:"Judge Rejects Government Attempt to Seize Mongols Biker Gang's 'Colors'; The U.S. Attorney's Office says the effort marks the first time in which the government has sought a gang's trademarks" 873:), the Gitans, the Atomes, the Missiles MC, and of course, Hells Angels. The largest, most-feared chapter of Hells Angels was formed in Montreal, Quebec in 1977, when a biker gang called the 1192:

has had an affluent presence of outlaw motorcycle clubs since the 1960s. Some of the most notable clubs to have come out of the city of Detroit include the Forbidden Wheels Motorcycle Club,

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and founded motorcycle clubs to replicate the camaraderie and psychological stimulation they had experienced in the war. Early biker clubs established by World War II veterans included the

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where the protagonist, Deacon St. John and his friend William "Boozer" Gray, are former members of an outlaw motorcycle club known as the Mongrels, and they still wear their club's colors.

973:. While not as large as Saturdarah, they have still managed to set up branches overseas with an approximant total of more than one thousand members in roughly 19 nations across the globe. 3948: 2589:

Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs: Aspects of the One-Percenter Culture for Emergency Department Personnel to Consider. Anand N. Bosmia, BA, James F. Quinn, PhD, , and R. Shane Tubbs, PhD, PA-C, MS

218:, not the laws of government. Outlaw bikers view themselves as a fraternity of men who reject societal norms, and their sense of brotherhood is reflected in tattoos, the wearing of club " 898:

The first outlaw biker clubs in Germany were established by American military stationed in the country, including the Bones MC, founded in 1968, and the Ghost Riders MC, formed in 1972.

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Lobos – Originally from and concentrated around the Windsor, Ontario area, the Lobos motorcycle gang decided to take up with the Hells Angels on its offer of merge with them in 2001.

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characteristic of OMGs being "amoral individualism", in contrast to the hierarchical orders and bonds of "amoral familism" of other criminal organizations such as the Mafia. U.S.

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The colors worn by members of some motorcycle clubs will sometimes follow a convention of using either a one-piece patch for nonconformist social clubs, two-piece patch for clubs

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The Infamous 'One Percenters': A Review of the Criminality, Subculture, and Structure of Modern Biker Gangs. Danielle Shields, Justice Policy Journal, Volume 9—No. 1—Spring 2012

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launched Project Focus, an investigation into motorcycle gangs. By 2002, there were 26 motorcycle gangs operating in Canada, the largest and most powerful of which being the

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feature a fictional outlaw motorcycle gang called the Dogs of Hell, who engage in various criminal activities including theft, drug trafficking, and murder. In the episode "

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is an American dramatized series inspired by the true story of police informant Charles Falco, who infiltrated several bike clubs in the United States in the early 2000s.

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and its episodic content feature two warring outlaw motorcycle clubs: the Lost and the Angels of Death. The former serve as the main focus of the first story expansion,

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Canada, especially, has in the late 20th century experienced a significant upsurge in crime involving outlaw motorcycle clubs, most notably in what has been dubbed the

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violating a King Township bylaw against keeping exotic pets. All on account of pre-dawn raids by the York Regional Police and the Ontario Provincial Police (OPP).

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they're doing the rest of the year. They're selling drugs. They're stealing motorcycles. They're beating people up. They're committing a laundry list of crimes.'

237:) to tell the groups apart. Much of the mystique and many of the unwritten rules, values, and ideals of non-outlaw clubs are believed to come from outlaw clubs. 2635: 989:

New Zealand has a rather large outlaw motorcycle club scene which has gained a significant amount of national and international media attention over the years.

420:, intended to make fools of those outside the outlaw biker world, and also to serve the purpose of provoking outrage among conservative public and authorities. 6588: 5606:

Framing Public Life: Perspectives on Media and Our Understanding of the Social World. Stephen D. Reese, Oscar H. Gandy, August E. Grant. Routledge, 1 June 2003

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Renegades Do Good Works, Too But Officials Say Biker Gang Is Simply Polishing Its Image. Richard S. Koonce, Virginian – Pilot ( Norfolk, Va. ) 1999-12-29, A.1

602:, but also as the Hells Angels have sought to obtain control of the street level trade from other rival or independent gangs in various regions of Canada. The 4937: 287:(a term taken from the early practice of cutting the collars or sleeves from a denim or leather jacket). Many non-outlaw motorcycle riding clubs such as the 5257: 1516:

infiltrates the club as his former undercover alias "Crash" and joins some of its members on a failed home invasion in order to elicit information on their

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chapter. Some clubs or individual chapters are now multi-racial, but the number of "white supremacist biker clubs are growing nationwide", according to the

4758: 4449: 4333:"Australian biker gangs increasingly involved in the international drug trade business using Thailand as a base to supply drugs to Australia and worldwide" 4241: 3278:

One percent biker clubs in the existing literature have been described as all white clubs, but there are at least four black or interracial 1% biker clubs.

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of mythic status, their portrayal generally exaggerating a criminal or deviant association exploited by the media for their own often financial interests.

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As of 2008, there are approximately 60 outlaw motorcycle gangs active in California, with a combined membership of around 2,000. Motorcycle gangs in the

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deal primarily in methamphetamine. As a result of stringent laws regarding the sale of precursor chemicals, and the formation of task forces to target

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innocent 11-year-old boy named Daniel Desrochers, who died several days after a planted car bomb exploded and a piece of shrapnel penetrated his head.

5836: 5617: 4469: 3980: 5932: 4423: 1719:, where many missions involve the player stealing the Lost's product or killing their members. An outlaw biker-themed update for the game, entitled 6683: 6408: 2664: 2330:

Witnesses blame tensions between two rival motorcycle gangs for a shooting at a Christmas toy drive that left a firefighter and two others injured.

2145:"Under and Alone: The True Story of the Undercover Agent Who Infiltrated America's Most Violent Outlaw Motorcycle Gang". Author William Queen, 2004 4624: 4595: 3771: 2057: 412:, but with various color-coded meanings, e.g. in some clubs, it is said that a member who has had sex with a woman with venereal disease can wear 2751: 1186:. Motorcycle gangs in the central U.S. launder money via beauty shops, towing companies, construction companies, horse ranches, and real estate. 3958: 2362: 1933: 548: 333: 6798: 5111: 3722: 4696: 3409: 2908: 2324:

Austin, Paige; Bjelland, Sonja (6 December 2005), "Gunfight blamed on bikers // About 150 people queried after violence at a toy giveaway",

2995: 2881: 2460:, Case Nos. 95–2829 and 95-2879; UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. JOHN E. IRVIN and THOMAS E. PASTOR, Defendants-Appellants 117:

defines "outlaw motorcycle gangs" (OMG) as "organizations whose members use their motorcycle clubs as conduits for criminal enterprises".

5381: 3890: 2479: 1886: 708: 5794: 5206: 2167: 2033: 1986: 566:

The FBI asserts that outlaw motorcycle gangs (OMGs) support themselves primarily through drug dealing, trafficking in stolen goods, and

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Vagabonds – An Ontario-based motorcycle gang that was mostly absorbed by the Hells Angels when they expanded into Ontario in 2000–2001.

233:

adopt similar insignia, colors, organizational structures, and trappings to outlaw clubs, making it difficult for outsiders (including

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Recently, authorities have tried tactics aimed at undermining the gang identity and breaking up the membership. But in June 2011 the

8144: 7859: 6538: 1792: 1695: 1671: 1667: 106:(MCs) are considered "outlaw" not necessarily because they engage in criminal activity, but because they are not sanctioned by the 4211:. Dominic Boland, Anthony Morgan, Julianne Webster, Yi-Ning Chiu, Roger Lowe. Canberra, ACT: Australian Institute of Criminology. 1904: 8292: 7897: 7103: 6528: 6158: 5570:

As Seen in Vogue: A Century of American Fashion in Advertising. Daniel Delis Hill. Texas Tech University Press, 15 September 2007

4669: 3555: 1140: 251: 110:(AMA) and do not adhere to the AMA's rules. Instead, the clubs have their own set of bylaws reflecting the outlaw biker culture. 6808: 6584: 5407: 4066: 3583: 3533: 3495: 2386: 1636: 1072: 935: 3838: 814:

and several chapters in other countries across the world. The club was established by two well-known Italian-Canadian bikers,

6963: 6858: 6141: 6014: 5989: 4850: 4292: 4216: 3343: 3301: 3005: 2891: 2809: 1369: 5301: 5089: 4723: 4056:

Terry the Tramp: The Life and Dangerous Times of a One Percenter. K. Randall Ball. MotorBooks International, 30 October 2011

2435: 2269: 6723: 6676: 6618: 4191: 2580:

Quinn JF, Forsyth CJ. Leathers and rolexs: The symbolism and values of the motorcycle club. Deviant Behavior. 2009;30:1–31.

1610: 1544:; "As patriotism can lead to jingoism and mateship can lead to cronyism, so bikie club loyalty can lead to bikie club war." 866: 775:

Some of the other major biker organizations (aside from Hells Angels) that have operated in Canada, include the following:

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has reported that there has been steady growth in the membership of outlaw motorcycle clubs worldwide since the year 2005.

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Hopper, Columbus B.; Moore, Johnny (1994). "Women in Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs". In Adler, Patricia A; Adler, Peter (eds.).

6973: 6968: 5779: 4905: 4795: 4646: 4381: 3380: 2251:

Adler, Jeff (3 March 2001), "The Fall of a Hells Angel Leader; Indictment Alleges Spokesman's Charity Masks Drug Ring.",

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part in the event for 15 years. The suit, seeking unspecified compensation, says the group's civil rights were violated.

1111:

The outlaw biker subculture emerged in the United States in the late 1940s, as disenfranchised servicemen returned from

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in 1966 and was subsequently adopted by federal and local law enforcement agencies in the United States and elsewhere.

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http://www.ktla.com/content_landing_page/?Dozens-of-Mongols-Biker-Gang-Members-Arr=1&blockID=112738&feedID=171

2631: 7725: 7058: 7043: 6088: 6073: 6049: 6032: 5975: 5530: 5520:

The House of Klein: Fashion, Controversy, and a Business Obsession. Lisa Marsh. John Wiley & Sons, 18 August 2003

4805: 4733: 4706: 4679: 4302: 4029: 3874: 3866:

Under and Alone: The True Story of the Undercover Agent Who Infiltrated America's Most Violent Outlaw Motorcycle Gang

3703: 3662: 3595: 3456: 2837: 2736: 2707: 2228: 2194: 1970: 1943: 1914: 1862: 1387: 858: 353: 215: 107: 21:

This article is about non-AMA sanctioned motorcycle clubs. For the club established in McCook, Illinois in 1935, see

4393: 3737: 2933: 8311: 7777: 7735: 6883: 6487: 6365: 5315: 1626: 1541: 5484:

Harley-Davidson and Philosophy: Full-Throttle Aristotle. Bernard E. Rollin. Open Court Publishing, 9 February 2006

4088: 1742:

tells the story of a one-percenter who seeks revenge for his brother's death, caused by the bosses of rival gangs.

547:, known as the "Big Four". These four have a large enough national impact to be prosecuted under the U.S. Federal 7942: 7854: 7003: 6838: 6793: 6700: 6669: 6648: 6188: 5906: 5265: 4017: 4005: 2186:

The Ultimate Motorcycle Encyclopedia: Harley-Davidson, Ducati, Triumph, Honda, Kawasaki and All the Great Marques

1823: 1787: 1166:

deal primarily in cocaine. Outlaw biker clubs also control approximately 70–80% of the methamphetamine market in

1163: 1136: 524: 5355: 3483: 8217: 7680: 7204: 7108: 7038: 6173: 5329: 3624: 2550: 2527: 1036:, have chapters of some of the most prominent international outlaw motorcycle clubs in the world including the 552: 5878: 5475:

The Dictionary of Fashion History. Valerie Cumming, C. W. Cunnington, P. E. Cunnington. Berg, 15 November 2010

4938:"District Court: Satudarah Motorcycle Club banned in the Netherlands – News item – Public Prosecution Service" 2776: 8326: 7946: 7740: 7068: 7048: 6903: 6748: 6728: 6505: 6233: 5588:

Mobility Without Mayhem: Safety, Cars, and Citizenship. Jeremy Packer. Duke University Press, 5 February 2008

5202: 4177: 2220: 1333: 1100: 603: 7803: 6042:

Dead Man Running: An Insider's Story on One of the World's Most Feared Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs, the Bandidos

3317:

Hopper, Columbus B.; Moore, Johnny "Big John" (Summer 1983), "Hell on Wheels; The Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs",

299:

an outsider is an act of disgrace and may result in loss of membership in a club, or some other punishment.

8316: 8082: 7509: 7028: 7023: 7013: 6953: 6873: 6843: 6823: 6733: 6708: 6579: 5765: 5621: 4462: 1663: 1528: 1120: 1065: 1061: 978: 970: 947: 911: 769: 725: 607: 532: 368: 130: 6328: 5864: 5737: 4625:"Bonds of Brotherhood: The Origin and Growth of Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs | Office of Justice Programs" 3517: 2571:

Quinn JF. Sex roles and hedonism among members of outlaw motorcycle clubs. Deviant Behavior. 1987;8:47–63.

7890: 6868: 6813: 6773: 6738: 6495: 6183: 5940: 5717: 721: 142: 37: 33: 6110: 6101: 4346: 2671: 1244:" genre. It generally exists as a negative stereotype in the public's subconscious and yet has inspired 1087:

The outlaw biker scene of the U.K. began as early as the 1960s and has four main independent clubs, the

356:(AMA), that 99% of motorcyclists were law-abiding citizens, implying the last one percent were outlaws. 8088: 7544: 7008: 6983: 6928: 6913: 6898: 6893: 6833: 6783: 6768: 6758: 4875: 4602: 3768: 2061: 1329: 1193: 1049: 1020:

Sweden's variation of the subculture was greatly influenced by the American one-percenter biker scene.

536: 2761: 8331: 8158: 7798: 7705: 7093: 7078: 7018: 6178: 6134: 4876:"The Legal Enforcement Of Organized Transnational Crime (Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs Study In Indonesia)" 4500: 3753: 1854:

The everything motorcycle book: the one book you must have to buy, ride, and maintain your motorcycle

1739: 1622: 1495: 1245: 1092: 1017:

after numerous groups were established throughout the country during the late 1960s and early 1970s.

630: 491: 6343: 2856: 2830:

Harley-Davidson and philosophy: full-throttle Aristotle; Volume 18 of Popular culture and philosophy

449:, but serve to express the outlaw biker's total rejection of social constraints, and desire for the 8321: 8094: 7720: 7690: 7649: 6888: 6788: 6763: 6753: 6718: 6631: 6228: 5148: 4106: 3674: 2403:"National Briefing Mid-Atlantic: Pennsylvania: Biker Gang Sues Over Exclusion From Charity Event", 2128: 1658: 1475:

veterans, which is involved in various criminal activity and associated with underworld gangs. The

1325: 1183: 1132: 1076: 745: 741: 544: 181: 141:

While organizations may vary, the typical internal organization of a motorcycle club consists of a

5738:"Stream It or Skip It: 'Warrior' on Netflix, A Danish Crime Drama with Overtones of War and Guilt" 5457:

Two Wheels on Two Reels: A History of Biker Movies. Mike Seate. Whitehorse Press, 24 December 2000

3415: 1601:

features a fictional French-Canadian biker gang known as the Devil's Kings MC as a participant in

736:

formed its first chapter in Belgium through a "patch over" of an indigenous Outlaws club based in

8222: 8007: 7961: 7409: 7404: 7309: 7244: 6978: 6943: 6933: 6918: 6908: 6853: 6803: 6713: 6603: 6462: 6311: 2914: 1715: 1124: 1053: 1045: 1041: 733: 647: 642: 556: 540: 377: 22: 5751: 4838: 4536: 1321: 277:

or other chapter identification. This garment and the patches themselves are referred to as the

7965: 7883: 7813: 7314: 7234: 6998: 6923: 6293: 5690: 5130: 4989:"Organizing on two wheels: Uncovering the organizational patterns of Hells Angels MC in Sweden" 2613:

Look Homeward Angel: Cycle Icon Sonny Barger Kick-Starts Life as a Free Man by Violating Parole

1631: 1037: 927: 634: 499: 5997: 5529:'Hells Angels sue luxury fashion house'. Brichall, Jonathan. Financial Times, 27 October 2010 2726: 1992: 1670:

during his vigilante campaign against his family's killers, and are fought by both Castle and

8190: 7928: 7844: 7675: 7269: 7214: 7113: 7088: 7083: 6828: 6743: 6643: 6457: 6288: 6245: 6025:

Out in Bad Standings: Inside the Bandidos Motorcycle Club - the Making of a Worldwide Dynasty

5802: 5493:

The Rebels: A Brotherhood of Outlaw Bikers. Daniel R. Wolf. University of Toronto Press, 1991

5195: 4780: 3922: 3895: 3864: 3291: 3235:

Joan, Barbara. Bike Lust: Harleys, Women, And American Society. Univ of Wisconsin Press, 2001

2948: 2825: 2310: 2305: 2163: 2029: 1685: 1652: 1597: 1380:

Out in Bad Standings: Inside the Bandidos Motorcycle Club - the Making of a Worldwide Dynasty

1221: 1217: 1196:, Outcast Motorcycle Club, Satan's Sidekicks Motorcycle Club, and Scorpions Motorcycle Club. 919: 560: 263: 219: 5561:

Movie-made America: a cultural history of American movies. Robert Sklar. Vintage Books, 1994

4364: 3823: 2697: 2474: 2210: 1881: 7923: 7745: 7710: 7609: 7579: 7574: 7474: 7439: 7359: 7209: 6418: 6214: 6203: 6127: 1575: 946:

Outlaw motorcycle clubs have been present in the Netherlands since the 1970s. In 1978, the

125: 84: 76: 5865:"11x09 – Perverted – Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Transcripts – Forever Dreaming" 5233: 1276:, has had an international influence. Bikers, their clothing, and motorcycles have become 711:, there are (at least) 38 outlaw motorcycle gangs operating across the nation as of 2020. 582:, which has involved more than 150 murders (plus a young bystander killed by an exploding 8: 8127: 7634: 7629: 7539: 7434: 7284: 7274: 6593: 6500: 6119: 4242:"As organised crime makes headlines, are bikie gangs the threat they are made out to be?" 2253: 1735: 1713:, which ends with heavy losses for the gang. The club is also featured as antagonists in 1689: 1580: 1548: 1029: 707:

The year 2007 saw an increase of the country's amount of OMCG chapters. According to the

288: 5653: 5047:"Australian motorcycle gangs expanding into south-east Asia to get slice of drug market" 1162:

The drug trade is the main source of income for motorcycle gangs, and the bikers on the

8267: 8176: 7957: 7818: 7782: 7644: 7494: 7479: 7229: 7179: 7164: 7033: 6515: 6435: 6348: 6224: 6007:

The Assimilation: Rock Machine Become Bandidos – Bikers United Against the Hells Angels

5851:"Watch Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Season 11 Episode 9: Perverted on Peacock" 5695: 5502:

Consumers. Eric J. Arnould, Linda Price, George Martin Zinkhan. McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2004

5010: 4417: 4141: 4121: 3269: 3218: 3163: 3116: 2976: 2216: 1705: 1420: 1362:

The Assimilation: Rock Machine Become Bandidos – Bikers United Against the Hells Angels

1265: 910:

Large international outlaw biker groups which have expanded into Indonesia include the

571: 512: 247: 5837:"Is 'Bad Blood' Based on a True Story? The Rizzuto Family Ran the Real Montreal Mafia" 5816: 4842:

Inquiry into the legislative arrangements to outlaw serious and organised crime groups

3448:

Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs and Street Gangs: Scheming Legality, Resisting Criminalization

8100: 7864: 7752: 7715: 7504: 7429: 7334: 7224: 7189: 7154: 6608: 6598: 6556: 6467: 6398: 6333: 6323: 6298: 6280: 6268: 6240: 6193: 6084: 6069: 6045: 6028: 6010: 5971: 5648: 5014: 4971:"'Idyllic' New Zealand hit with gang violence as biker gangs cash in on meth problem" 4919: 4887: 4856: 4846: 4801: 4729: 4702: 4675: 4439: 4298: 4222: 4212: 4145: 4041: 3985: 3870: 3699: 3452: 3297: 3273: 3261: 3222: 3210: 3202: 3167: 3155: 3120: 3108: 3069: 3001: 2980: 2968: 2887: 2833: 2805: 2781: 2732: 2703: 2224: 2190: 1966: 1939: 1910: 1858: 1724: 1533: 1412: 1383: 1365: 1289: 1261: 1241: 1225: 594:. The increased violence in Canada has been attributed to turf wars over the illegal 381: 344: 7614: 7419: 180:

Larger motorcycle clubs often acquire real estate for use as a clubhouse or private

8012: 7933: 7772: 7762: 7757: 7730: 7594: 7569: 7559: 7449: 7399: 7384: 7369: 7264: 7239: 7139: 6993: 6848: 6818: 6571: 6546: 6523: 6477: 6306: 5552:

The Post-Subcultures Reader. David Muggleton, Rupert Weinzierl. Berg, 17 April 2004

5000: 4920:"Outlaw bikers in the Netherlands: Clubs, social criminal organizations, or gangs?" 4133: 3927: 3846: 3253: 3194: 3147: 3100: 3061: 3049: 2960: 2505: 1751: 1615: 1592:, features a fictional Muslim outlaw motorcycle club known as the Death Daggers MC. 1484: 1452: 1405: 1171: 1010: 874: 862: 599: 595: 579: 409: 158: 134: 7624: 7564: 7469: 3552: 3065: 1455:

in which The Triple Sixers MC attempted to establish a chapter in the province of

1224:

in California, many methamphetamine manufacturers from the state relocated to the

1204: 748:, the Blue Angels, the Hells Angels and the Outlaws as criminal motorcycle gangs. 8106: 7685: 7639: 7584: 7554: 7349: 7174: 7073: 6778: 6626: 6551: 6388: 6338: 6316: 6057: 5821: 5245: 5051: 4473: 4386: 3775: 3741: 3650: 3631: 3559: 3540: 3521: 3502: 2639: 2619: 2277: 2184: 2171: 2037: 1852: 1562: 1517: 1480: 1467: 1257: 1144: 1033: 870: 329: 230: 103: 80: 26: 8242: 7499: 3653:- DEA Deputy Chief Joseph Rannazzisi, congressional testimony on 20 October 2005 3612: 3135: 3088: 8247: 7767: 7700: 7589: 7534: 7529: 7524: 7519: 7444: 7424: 7374: 7329: 7319: 7304: 7289: 7159: 7134: 6561: 5883: 5721: 5666: 3800:

Fallen Angel: The Unlikely Rise of Walter Stadnick in the Canadian Hells Angels

3644:

Comprehensively Combating Methamphetamine: Impact on Health and the Environment

3395:"Bigots on Bikes: The Growing Links between White Supremacists and Biker Gangs" 3151: 3104: 2964: 2405: 2367: 1779: 1710: 1700: 1643: 1588: 1491: 1088: 845: 360: 146: 8272: 7259: 5005: 4988: 4260:"Bikie Gangs – 9News – Latest news and headlines from Australia and the world" 4226: 3917: 3257: 3198: 2342:

Austin, Paige (8 December 2005), "Neighbors want site of shooting shut down",

8305: 8257: 8237: 8113: 8027: 8002: 7992: 7828: 7514: 7484: 7454: 7379: 7324: 7299: 7219: 6393: 6058:

The Original Wild Ones: Tales of The Boozefighters Motorcycle Club, Est. 1946

5543:

Punk and Neo-Tribal Body Art. Daniel Wojcik. Univ. Press of Mississippi, 1995

4891: 4860: 4698:

Charlie and the Angels: The Outlaws, the Hells Angels and the Sixty Years War

4671:

Charlie and the Angels: The Outlaws, the Hells Angels and the Sixty Years War

3860: 3265: 3206: 3182: 3159: 3112: 3073: 2972: 2514: 2088: 2069: 1797: 1754: 1396: 1277: 1250: 1167: 1116: 811: 626: 614: 436: 324: 6083:, edited by Denis Cryle and Jean Hiliier, Perth, API Network, 2005, 97–116 ( 3643: 2103: 1071:

One notable outlaw motorcycle club to have been founded in Thailand are the

291:

also wear patches on the back of their vests, without including the letters

43: 8252: 8212: 8207: 7997: 7695: 7604: 7599: 7489: 7464: 7364: 7354: 7294: 7254: 7184: 7149: 7144: 7063: 6948: 6878: 6378: 6263: 6154: 6079:

Vieth, Errol, "Angels in the Media: Constructing Outlaw Motorcyclists", in

4206: 3678: 3444: 3214: 1426:

Hell's Angels: The Strange and Terrible Saga of the Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs

1416: 1112: 1057: 962: 931: 886:

incident where bikers accidentally killed three members of their own club.

819: 495: 482: 423:

Frequently, additional patches may involve symbols, such as the use of the

372: 162: 6661: 4840: 3571: 3367: 3355: 8262: 8232: 7823: 7654: 7459: 7414: 7394: 7389: 7339: 7279: 7249: 7199: 7194: 7169: 7129: 6938: 5434:"ATF joins investigation of suspicious biker-club fire in Oakland County" 5086:"9 Motorcycle Clubs That Are Bad Guys (And 10 That Are Saving the World)" 4839:

Parliamentary Joint Committee on the Australian Crime Commission (2009).

3734: 3248:

Barker, Tom (September 2005), "One Percent Biker Clubs – A Description",

1556: 1476: 1472: 1006: 844:

The late 1970s and early 1980s were considered to be the "golden age" in

815: 461: 450: 5642: 2551:"2000 'Gypsycycles' Chug Out of Town and the Natives Sigh 'Never Again'" 2154:

Biker Gangs and Organized Crime. Thomas Barker. Elsevier, 1 October 2007

1236:

Outlaw motorcyclists and their clubs have been frequently portrayed and

700:

during the 1960s. Here, they are commonly referred to as "bikie gangs".

8277: 8227: 8183: 8075: 7987: 7982: 7808: 7659: 7619: 6450: 6373: 6219: 6150: 4822:"Guerre des gangs - Éphémérides - 1945-1994- (organisation criminelle)" 4259: 4020:- by Glenn Puit and Dave Berns, Las Vegas Review Journal, 30 April 2002 3818: 3334:(Killinger and Cromwell, 1978). |doi=10.1111/j.1542-734X.1983.0602_58.x 2826:"Motorcycling, Nihilism, and the Price of Cool; Nihilism and FTW Style" 2756: 1802: 1513: 1273: 992:

Biker gang violence is viewed as a growing problem within the country.

966: 704:

Commonwealth of Australia such as the Hells Angels and the Mongols MC.

446: 424: 405: 72: 69: 3323:

Outlaw cyclists are generally male and between 21 and 45 years of age.

2058:

Bonds of Brotherhood: The Origin and Growth of Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs

1408:, sees the protagonists attempt to take down the eponymous biker club. 1256:

The biker style has influenced the look of other sub-cultures such as

268: 8151: 8120: 8032: 7918: 7549: 7344: 7053: 6258: 5985: 5579:

The Berg Companion to Fashion. Valerie Steele. Berg, 15 November 2010

4924:

Understanding the Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs: International Perspectives

4067:"Ferret's manifesto. RICHARD GUILLIATT. The Australian July 20, 2010" 3981:"Feds want to bar Mongols biker gang from using its trademarked logo" 3553:

Organized Crime in California – 2004 Annual Report to the Legislature

3050:"Outlaw motorcyclists: An outgrowth of lower class cultural concerns" 1746: 1521: 1510: 1499: 1269: 955: 923: 697: 567: 441: 428: 154: 150: 5780:"Dogs of Berlin: Season 1, Episode 8 script | Subs like Script" 4319:"List of Australian Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs & their Territories" 2558: 2535: 1182:

Cocaine is the drug most commonly distributed by biker gangs in the

173:, and the first chapter established for an MC is referred to as the 165:). In some clubs, localized groups of a single, large MC are called 4137: 2930:"Into the Abyss: A Personal Journey into the World of Street Gangs" 2409:, New York, N.Y., Associated Press, p. A.17, 9 November 2002, 1602: 1567: 1537: 1507: 1448: 737: 583: 432: 5112:"Thai Hells Angel bashed in power struggle with Australian bikies" 5029:"Thai Hells Angel bashed in power struggle with Australian bikies" 3484:

FBI Safe Street Violent Crime Initiative – Report Fiscal Year 2000

1773: 1709:, where they become caught in a war with one of the protagonists, 1566:

centered around the Sons' rivals turned allies, the predominantly

1208:

A map of California motorcycle gang territories, published by the

518: 8037: 6472: 6445: 6440: 5466:

At the Movies, Strandberg, Keith. American Motorcyclist, Oct 1987

5382:"Meet the Biker Group Who Says It's Set on Keeping Ferguson Safe" 2910:

Constructions of Deviance: Social Power, Context, and Interaction

2012: 1728: 1647: 1456: 1444: 1189: 757: 685: 654: 96: 92: 88: 7875: 5933:"OPINION In Days Gone, Deacon's Bike is the Real Main Character" 5068:"The Comancheros motorcycle gang are rolling west into Victoria" 3440: 3438: 3436: 3434: 3432: 348:"1%er" shown at the Clubhouse of the Bandidos MC, Chapter Berlin 323:

Law enforcement agencies have confiscated colors and other club

6413: 6383: 6253: 6114: 6105: 4401:

Les Gangs de Motards Criminalisés: Une expansion internationale

3514: 3321:, vol. 6, no. 2, Bowling Green, Ohio, pp. 58–9, 1758: 1471:

portrays a fictional outlaw motorcycle club, founded mainly by

1401: 1237: 1014: 761: 696:

Outlaw motorcycle clubs are reported to have first appeared in

234: 201: 4751:"Motorcycling in Canada – A Ride Through our History – Part 8" 4008:- by Adrienne Packer, Las Vegas Review-Journal, 5 October 2006 6430: 6403: 5618:"Ripped from Today's Headlines: The Outlaw Biker Movie Cycle" 3764: 3762: 3445:

Tereza Kuldová and Martín Sánchez-Jankowski (25 April 2018).

3429: 1503: 807: 729: 591: 283: 223: 194: 5691:"Sons of Anarchy;Wild Bunch on Wheels, Playing by Its Rules" 4208:

The changing culture of outlaw motorcycle gangs in Australia

2303: 617:

in an attempt to legitimize themselves with public opinion.

8042: 5597:

Profane Culture. Paul E. Willis. Taylor & Francis, 1978

5229: 5227: 4407: 3252:, vol. 9, no. 1, Springer New York, p. 111, 2632:

17 Things You Didn't Know About The Outlaws Motorcycle Club

587: 531:

have designated four MCs as "outlaw motorcycle gangs": the

417: 6149: 5288:"Biker Gangs in the Motor City: A History of Riding Rough" 4953:"If New Zealand is Middle Earth, Its Ganglands Are Mordor" 4501:"Quebec Biker War (1994–2002) | The Canadian Encyclopedia" 4365:"Gangs | Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission" 3759: 2802:

Philosophical Ridings: Motorcycles and the Meaning of Life

1103:(unrelated to the New Zealand-based MC of the same name). 416:. It has also been suggested that these definitions are a 47:

Motorcycle club members meet at a run in Australia in 2009

6425: 4845:. Canberra: Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia. 3695:

Gangs: A Journey into the Heart of the British Underworld

3665:- by Andrew E. Serwer, Fortune Magazine, 30 November 1992 3543:- Criminal Intelligence Service Canada (CISC), cisc.gc.ca 2025: 2023: 2021: 1419:

club became prominent in the media, in particular, after

633:, wrote that what makes a group like them different from 5408:"Satan Sidekicks MC clubhouse shut down after shootings" 5224: 4278:"International bikie gangs target Victoria for business" 4089:"15 Surprising Facts About The Bandidos Motorcycle Club" 2913:. Wadsworth Publishing. pp. 389–401. Archived from 2074: 1079:, who themselves also have chapters within the country. 359:

The alleged AMA comment, supposedly in reference to the

3401: 2622:- by Philip Martin, Phoenix New Times, 2 December 1992. 2157: 1963:

Wild ride: how outlaw motorcycle myth conquered America

1520:

cook who is believed to have ties to serial murders in

3381:"White Supremacist Biker Clubs Are Growing Nationwide" 2458:

United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit

2018: 1978: 1498:

portrays an antagonistic outlaw biker club located in

1240:

in movies and the media generally, giving rise to an "

302: 6004: 5167: 5155: 4982: 4980: 4456: 1666:

chapter of the gang is targeted for extermination by

1532:: The six-episode series dramatises the story of the 1400:(2009), the eleventh novel in the teenage spy series 1359: 320:

indication that a club is an outlaw motorcycle club.

32:"Motorcycle gang" redirects here. For the films, see 5302:"One-percenters: Michigan's Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs" 4880:

PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology

4596:"Supreme Court of Canada – Decisions – Emkeit v. R." 4107:"10 Notorious Motorcycle Gangs | HowStuffWorks" 2501:

Bikers brought years of feuding – and guns – to town

2129:"The Untold Story of the Texas Biker Gang Shoot-Out" 1769: 1451:, and portrayed a fictional feud reminiscent of the 505: 5766:"Dogs of Berlin season 1 episode 8 recap: National" 5752:"'Warrior' ('Kriger') | Netflix Series Review" 5511:

Elle, Issues 273–275. Elle Publishing Company, 2008

4240:Brotto, Gaelle; Goldsworthy, Terry (16 June 2021). 4042:

Diverse groups unite to fight anti-association laws

4006:

Ex-Hells Angels official says cops kept out of club

3134:Hopper, Columbus B.; Moore, Johnny (January 1990). 2363:"Bikie 'colours' banned from Morcombe charity ride" 2349:

people were injured, including a Norco firefighter.

2164:

Organized Crime in Pennsylvania: A Decade of Change

2030:

Organized Crime in Pennsylvania: A Decade of Change

623:

Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives

5330:"Clubhouse Burned in War Between Motorcycle Gangs" 5128: 4977: 3505:- Criminal Intelligence Service Canada, cisc.gc.ca 2720: 2718: 2555:Transcribed article of the San Francisco Chronicle 2532:Transcribed article of the San Francisco Chronicle 2428:"Five charged in murders of eight Bandidos bikers" 481:High-profile outlaw bikers have historically been 453:among those who fail to understand the biker way. 4239: 3407: 2997:Beyond the Mafia: Organized Crime in the Americas 2634:Arun Singh Pundir, hotcars.com (August 27, 2021) 1984: 756:Outlaw motorcycle clubs first began to appear in 598:business, specifically relating to access to the 8303: 4466:Royal Canadian Mounted Police Gazette Volume: 56 4426:. Archived from the original on 23 November 2022 4404:Xavier Raufer, Institut de Criminologie de Paris 4018:Laughlin Shootout: Signs told of melee in making 3788:The Biker Trials: Bringing Down the Hells Angels 2731:, Jones & Bartlett Publishers, p. 432, 613:The Hells Angels sponsors charitable events for 367:Outlaw clubs began wearing the "1%" patch after 254:sued over their exclusion from a charity event. 87:, and a set of ideals that purport to celebrate 25:. For general types of motorcycling groups, see 5682: 4448:) CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 3183:"Community Narratives: Tales of Terror and Joy" 2993: 2715: 2468: 2466: 1935:Bike lust: Harleys, women, and American society 1821:In March 1972 (p.3), Chas Deane, the editor of 519:Outlaw motorcycle clubs as criminal enterprises 226:image, and the heavy use of drugs and alcohol. 5668:FX Greenlights New Series from Shield Producer 4986: 3754:Was Noye case witness killed by Hell's Angels? 3368:Dozens of Outlaw Bikers Arrested in ATF Sting. 2994:Mahan, Sue; O'Neil, Katherine (10 June 1998). 2475:"A Brief History of "Outlaw" Motorcycle Clubs" 2323: 2182: 1956: 1954: 1882:"A Brief History of "Outlaw" Motorcycle Clubs" 965:. Following the group's initial foundation in 792:but nothing outside the province at that time. 655:Relationships between outlaw motorcycles clubs 549:Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations 120: 7891: 6677: 6135: 6005:Winterhalder, Edward; De Clercq, Wil (2008), 5968:Biker Gangs and Transnational Organized Crime 4347:"Outlaw motorcycle gang identification guide" 4122:"Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs and Organized Crime" 4119: 3586:- by T. O'Connor, Austin PEA State University 3572:Dozens of outlaw bikers arrested in ATF sting 3356:Dozens of outlaw bikers arrested in ATF sting 3243: 3241: 2166:p. 193, Pennsylvania Crime Commission (1990) 2032:p. 192, Pennsylvania Crime Commission (1990) 1875: 1873: 1360:Winterhalder, Edward; De Clercq, Wil (2008), 857:notable outlaw biker gangs at this time were 570:, and that they fight over territory and the 6022: 5996:, Premier of South Australia, archived from 5984: 5726:. Season 1. Episode 4. 9 February 2014. HBO. 5190: 5188: 5186: 5184: 5182: 4797:Iced: The Story of Organized Crime in Canada 3625:Narcotics Digest, Gangs In The United States 3524:- Connecticut Gang Investigators Association 2528:"Motorcyclists Take Over Town, Many Injured" 2463: 2246: 2244: 1635:, members of the gang are enthralled by the 1377: 137:and floodlights on the front of the building 6691: 5356:"The Most Dangerous Biker Gangs in America" 3909: 3882: 3316: 3133: 3087:HOPPER, COLUMBUS B.; MOORE, JOHNNY (1990). 3086: 2947:Hopper, Columbus B.; Moore, Johnny (1990). 2946: 2906: 2861:. Johnson Publishing Company. December 1966 2764:on 25 October 2008 – via news.com.au. 2752:"Bikers face murder, torture, drug charges" 2480:International Journal of Motorcycle Studies 2422: 2420: 2304:Assoc, American Motorcyclist (March 2003), 2202: 2098: 2096: 2015:- Motorcycle Club and Riding Club Education 1951: 1927: 1925: 1887:International Journal of Motorcycle Studies 1857:, Adams Media Corp, pp. 193–203, 277, 1573:The plot of the Danish-language miniseries 1479:thought it was too obvious to have them be 1415:genre took off in the mid-1960s, after the 709:Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission 7898: 7884: 6684: 6670: 6142: 6128: 5688: 5652: 5539: 5537: 4725:The Rebels: A Brotherhood of Outlaw Bikers 4120:Lampe, Klaus von; Blokland, Arjan (2020). 3972: 3940: 3802:, by Jerry Langton, Wiley & Sons, 2006 3283: 3238: 2793: 2699:Hell's angels: a strange and terrible saga 2360: 2053: 2051: 2049: 2047: 2045: 1909:, University of Toronto Press, p. 4, 1906:The Rebels: a brotherhood of outlaw bikers 1898: 1896: 1870: 1846: 1844: 1703:. The Lost return as minor antagonists in 1579:revolves around a fictional biker gang in 5179: 5004: 4873: 4793: 3180: 3034: 3032: 3030: 2804:, Oneworld Publications, pp. 11–12, 2625: 2608: 2606: 2604: 2548: 2525: 2241: 1075:. They are a support club for the larger 848:for independent outlaw motorcycle clubs. 494:after members were rejected by the local 332:of such items is far outweighed by their 8145:Grand Theft Auto IV: The Lost and Damned 5405: 5196:"Outlaw motorcycle gangs – USA overview" 4205:Dowling, Christopher (1 February 2021). 4052: 4050: 3735:Feds bust motorcycle gang with Ore. ties 3691: 3187:American Journal of Community Psychology 2695: 2496: 2494: 2417: 2387:"Police blitz hits bikers' charity ride" 2093: 1960: 1922: 1793:List of outlaw motorcycle club conflicts 1696:Grand Theft Auto IV: The Lost and Damned 1203: 460: 343: 267: 124: 42: 8293:Outline of motorcycles and motorcycling 7104:Warlocks (Pennsylvania/Delaware Valley) 6529:List of long-distance motorcycle riders 5990:"Police to boost organized crime fight" 5930: 5534: 5238:Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department 4987:Rostami, Amir; Mondani, Hernan (2019). 4748: 4382:Hell's Angels' wings clipped in Belgium 4204: 3918:"Judge sides with biker gang over logo" 3891:"Hells Angel kills NSW anti-bikie laws" 3888: 3811: 2472: 2042: 1938:, Univ of Wisconsin Press, p. 15, 1893: 1879: 1841: 1005:The outlaw motorcycle club movement of 208: 8304: 5965: 5173: 5161: 5129:Onepercenterbikers (22 October 2016). 4794:Schneider, Stephen (9 December 2009). 4564: 4562: 4560: 4558: 4531: 4529: 4527: 4525: 4523: 4521: 4495: 4493: 4491: 4489: 4487: 4485: 4483: 4481: 4444:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 4069:. Theaustralian.com.au. 29 August 2013 3978: 3836: 3289: 3247: 3047: 3027: 2879: 2799: 2777:"Raid targets Mongols motorcycle gang" 2774: 2724: 2601: 2341: 2183:Brown, Roland; McDiarmid, Mac (2000), 7879: 6665: 6123: 5689:Bellafante, Gina (3 September 2008), 4950: 4906:"Editorial: Violent motorcycle gangs" 4694: 4667: 4570:"Loners bikers hit in pre-dawn raids" 4047: 3954:North Hollywood and Toluca Lake Patch 3859: 3608: 3606: 3604: 2823: 2491: 2473:Dulaney, William L. (November 2005), 2384: 2270:"Motorcycle Gang Training For Yakima" 2267: 2250: 2208: 1931: 1880:Dulaney, William L. (November 2005), 1611:Law & Order: Special Victims Unit 1483:dealers, and so instead they traffic 1283: 1231: 465:A man and woman dressed in biker gear 5212:from the original on 23 January 2022 5149:"Satans Slaves MC (Motorcycle Club)" 5065: 4874:Agusta, Rizal Widya; Hastuti, Lina. 4721: 4414:Vier criminele motorbendes in België 4290: 3756:- Guardian Observer, 15 October 2000 3675:Bikers' Clubhouse Vacated, Destroyed 2361:Calligeros, Marissa (22 June 2009), 1902: 1850: 1293: 1272:fashion, and, initially an American 766:Criminal Intelligence Service Canada 728:opened its first Belgian chapter in 529:Criminal Intelligence Service Canada 6040:Coulthart, Ross and McNab, Duncan, 5988:; Holloway, Paul (13 August 2007), 5258:"All About The Detroit Biker Gangs" 4555: 4518: 4478: 3915: 3692:Thompson, Tony (28 February 2005). 3663:The Hells Angels' Devilish Business 3596:The Hells Angels' Devilish Business 3181:Rappaport, Julian (February 2000). 3140:Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 3093:Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 2953:Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 2346:, Riverside, Calif., p. B.01, 1131:. Various other clubs, such as the 303:One-, two-, and three-piece patches 133:New York City clubhouse, with many 13: 8089:Ghost Rider (Swedish motorcyclist) 6068:, Constable & Robinson, 2007 ( 5907:"Ride to Hell: Retribution Review" 5379: 5316:"Local biker gangs clash with law" 4643:"The Worst Hell's Angel in Canada" 3946: 3601: 3562:- California Department of Justice 3136:"Women in Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs" 3089:"Women in Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs" 2949:"Women in Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs" 2927: 2189:, Anness Publishing, p. 352, 1324:by removing the content or adding 1129:Pissed Off Bastards of Bloomington 676: 456: 384:to begin wearing the "1%" emblem. 380:became the first club east of the 14: 8343: 7905: 7726:National Western Complex shootout 6095: 6061:. St. Paul, MN: Motorbooks, 2005. 5615: 5431: 5088:. 8 November 2018. Archived from 4645:. 15 January 2021. Archived from 4044:. David Weber, ABC News Australia 3790:, by Paul Cherry, ECW Press, 2005 2775:Glover, Scott (22 October 2008), 2760:. 23 October 2008. Archived from 1082: 1032:, along with many other parts of 961:The most prominent Dutch club is 867:Devil's Disciples Motorcycle Club 764:in the early 1950s. In 1978, the 506:Outlaw motorcycle clubs and crime 354:American Motorcyclist Association 257: 240: 216:American Motorcyclist Association 108:American Motorcyclist Association 75:generally centered on the use of 6585:Production motorcycles (by speed 5924: 5899: 5871: 5857: 5843: 5829: 5817:"Bad Blood: Season 2, Episode 2" 5809: 5792: 5786: 5772: 5758: 5744: 5730: 5709: 5659: 5636: 5609: 5600: 5591: 5582: 5573: 5564: 5555: 5546: 5523: 5514: 5505: 5496: 5487: 5478: 5469: 5460: 5451: 5425: 5406:Throttle, Insane (23 May 2020). 5399: 5373: 5348: 5322: 5308: 5294: 5280: 5250: 5141: 5131:"Road Rats MC (Motorcycle Club)" 5122: 5104: 5078: 5059: 5039: 5021: 4963: 4944: 4930: 4912: 4898: 4867: 4832: 4814: 4787: 4773: 4742: 4722:Wolf, Daniel R. (January 1991). 4715: 4688: 4661: 4635: 4617: 4588: 4375: 4357: 4339: 4325: 4311: 4294:Modern Criminal Law of Australia 4291:Gans, Jeremy (5 December 2016). 4284: 4270: 4252: 4233: 4198: 4184: 4178:"Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs (OMGs)" 4170: 4152: 4113: 4099: 4081: 4059: 4035: 4023: 4011: 3837:Nicaso, Antonio (24 June 2001). 3048:Watson, J. Mark (October 1980). 2257:, Washington, D.C., p. A.07 1772: 1298: 1106: 839: 667: 404:, which are earned similarly to 387: 339: 6649:List of outlaw motorcycle clubs 5432:Allen, John Wisely and Robert. 5264:. 12 March 2019. Archived from 4728:. University of Toronto Press. 4032:- New York Times, 13 March 2002 3999: 3889:Godfrey, Miles (23 June 2011), 3853: 3830: 3805: 3793: 3781: 3747: 3728: 3716: 3685: 3668: 3656: 3637: 3618: 3589: 3577: 3565: 3546: 3527: 3508: 3489: 3477: 3387: 3373: 3361: 3349: 3337: 3328: 3310: 3293:Biker Gangs and Organized Crime 3290:Barker, Thomas (6 April 2010). 3229: 3174: 3127: 3080: 3041: 3014: 2987: 2940: 2921: 2900: 2873: 2849: 2828:, in Rollin, Bernard E. (ed.), 2817: 2768: 2744: 2689: 2662: 2656: 2644: 2592: 2583: 2574: 2565: 2549:Dougherty, C.I. (6 July 1947), 2542: 2526:Dougherty, C.I. (5 July 1947), 2519: 2503:Michael Beebe and Dan Herbeck, 2450: 2396: 2385:Joyce, Nikkii (3 August 2009), 2378: 2354: 2335: 2317: 2297: 2288: 2268:Klugh, David (7 October 2009), 2261: 2176: 2148: 2139: 2121: 2083:p. 159 Peter Gottschalk (2010) 1815: 1788:List of outlaw motorcycle clubs 1068:all have chapters in Thailand. 871:American group of the same name 525:Federal Bureau of Investigation 200:In these clubs, some amount of 7681:Battersea Arts Centre incident 6102:One percenter motorcycle clubs 5931:Pereira, Daniel (4 May 2019). 5795:"Dogs Of Berlin ve Almancılar" 4781:"Popeyes MC (Motorcycle Club)" 4695:Caine, Alex (8 January 2013). 4668:Caine, Alex (8 January 2013). 4505:www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca 4297:. Cambridge University Press. 3812:Jamison, Michael (July 2000). 2434:. 10 June 2006. Archived from 2306:"Gang fears hurt charity ride" 2006: 1678: 995: 984: 941: 859:Satan's Choice Motorcycle Club 1: 6234:Universal Japanese Motorcycle 6023:Winterhalder, Edward (2006), 5203:National Institute of Justice 5066:Hore, Monique (3 July 2013). 4160:"Top 6 Notorious Biker Gangs" 3979:Mather, Kate (20 June 2011), 3584:Organized Crime Investigation 3066:10.1080/01639625.1980.9967541 2221:University of Wisconsin Press 1834: 1642:as her personal army. In the 1621:Several TV series set in the 1586:The German-language TV show, 1542:New South Wales Supreme Court 1433: 1378:Winterhalder, Edward (2006), 1353: 1199: 1157: 604:Royal Canadian Mounted Police 272:Motorcycle club vest, Germany 187: 8083:Bikie Wars: Brothers in Arms 7778:Rock Machine–Rebels conflict 6580:Motorcycle land-speed record 5801:(in Turkish). Archived from 3869:, Random House, p. 65, 3725:- Time Magazine, 13 May 1985 3024:. Harper Collins, 2001. p103 2788:according to the indictment. 2696:Thompson, Hunter S. (1996), 2104:"Levels of Club Affiliation" 1965:, TV Books, pp. 43–44, 1529:Bikie Wars: Brothers in Arms 1066:Hells Angels Motorcycle Club 1062:No Surrender Motorcycle Club 979:Judiciary of the Netherlands 971:No Surrender Motorcycle Club 932:Rock Machine Motorcycle Club 916:Eight Demons Motorcycle Club 912:Hells Angels Motorcycle Club 901: 691: 608:Provincial Court of Manitoba 563:as outlaw motorcycle gangs. 334:unfairly prejudicial effects 7: 7736:Copenhagen Airport shooting 5879:"GTA Online: Bikers Update" 4951:Mutch, Tom (11 July 2020). 4755:bustedknucklechronicles.com 3744:– KVAL-CBS, 21 October 2008 3598:- CNN.com, 30 November 1992 3574:- NBC News, 21 October 2008 3370:- NBC News, 21 October 2008 3358:- NBC News, 21 October 2008 3319:Journal of American Culture 2638:September 15, 2022, at the 1765: 1608:In Season 11, Episode 9 of 1506:called the Iron Crusaders. 1023: 553:California Attorney General 315:clubs or side patches. The 252:Warlocks MC of Pennsylvania 121:Organization and leadership 102:In the United States, such 95:to mainstream culture, and 38:Motorcycle Gang (1994 film) 34:Motorcycle Gang (1957 film) 10: 8348: 6799:Devil's Disciples (Canada) 6066:The Mammoth Book of Bikers 6044:Allen & Unwin, 2008, ( 5959: 5412:Insane Throttle Biker News 4701:. Random House of Canada. 4674:. Random House of Canada. 3769:Organized Crime Fact Sheet 3698:. Hodder & Stoughton. 3634:- the National Gang Center 3152:10.1177/089124190018004001 3105:10.1177/089124190018004001 2965:10.1177/089124190018004001 2170:November 10, 2022, at the 2062:Office of Justice Programs 2036:November 10, 2022, at the 1287: 1194:Highwaymen Motorcycle Club 1177: 1152:U.S. Department of Justice 1050:Comanchero Motorcycle Club 893: 714: 606:Gazette, quoting from the 311:, a three-piece patch for 261: 248:mask their criminal nature 115:U.S. Department of Justice 79:motorcycles, particularly 55:, known colloquially as a 31: 20: 8290: 8200: 8168: 8159:Ride to Hell: Retribution 8136: 8068: 8055: 8020: 7979: 7956: 7911: 7837: 7791: 7706:Grondalski family murders 7668: 7122: 6699: 6617: 6570: 6537: 6514: 6486: 6364: 6279: 6202: 6166: 5336:. 25 June 1969. p. 3 5006:10.1007/s12117-017-9310-y 4993:Trends in Organized Crime 4800:. John Wiley & Sons. 4472:December 8, 2022, at the 4192:"Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs" 3839:"Angels With Dirty Faces" 3558:12 September 2011 at the 3397:. Anti-Defamation League. 3383:. Anti-Defamation League. 3296:. Routledge. p. 52. 3258:10.1007/s12117-005-1005-0 3250:Trends in Organized Crime 2832:, Open Court Publishing, 2108:Wolfpack Motorocycle Club 1740:Ride to Hell: Retribution 1623:Marvel Cinematic Universe 1320:Please help Knowledge to 1058:Satudarah Motorcycle Club 1000: 924:Satudarah Motorcycle Club 851: 751: 445:. These may not indicate 8095:Harley and the Davidsons 7741:Copenhagen rocket attack 7721:Murder of Cynthia Garcia 7691:First Montreal biker war 6632:List of motorcycle clubs 6027:, Blockhead City Press, 5244:28 November 2021 at the 3615:- CBC News, 5 April 2007 3539:22 December 2009 at the 3501:22 December 2009 at the 2665:"Mongols – SW Affidavit" 2081:Policing Organized Crime 1903:Wolf, Daniel R. (1992), 1808: 1664:Hell's Kitchen, New York 1382:, Blockhead City Press, 1077:Bandidos Motorcycle Club 8312:Outlaw motorcycle clubs 8218:Colin "Caesar" Campbell 7410:Mickey Borgfjord Larsen 7310:Harley Davidson Guindon 7205:Colin "Caesar" Campbell 6934:Market Street Commandos 6919:Lone Legion Brotherhood 6693:Outlaw motorcycle clubs 6356:Testing and measurement 5966:Barker, Thomas (2014). 5620:. Scope. Archived from 5234:Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs 4537:"Biker Gangs in Canada" 3774:18 October 2008 at the 3408:U.S. Dept. of Justice, 3344:Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs 3199:10.1023/a:1005161528817 2824:Pratt, Alan R. (2006), 2725:Becker, Ronald (1996), 2209:Joans, Barbara (2001), 1985:U.S. Dept. of Justice, 1932:Joans, Barbara (2001), 1716:Grand Theft Auto Online 1583:known as the Wolves MC. 1570:Mayans Motorcycle Club. 1143:, were later formed by 1125:Market Street Commandos 1073:Diablos Motorcycle Club 1054:Gremium Motorcycle Club 1046:Outlaws Motorcycle Club 1042:Mongols Motorcycle Club 936:Diablos Motorcycle Club 648:Mongols Motorcycle Club 643:High Court of Australia 492:Mongols Motorcycle Club 23:Outlaws Motorcycle Club 7939:Outlaw motorcycle club 7860:List of club conflicts 6189:Motorcycle occupations 5671:, IGN, 10 October 2007 5262:Bobberbrothers Apparel 5236:Deputy John Williams, 4599:csc.lexum.umontreal.ca 4164:Sky HISTORY TV channel 3778:- Public Safety Canada 3020:Ralph (Sonny) Barger. 2800:Bourne, Craig (2007), 2728:Criminal Investigation 2344:The Press – Enterprise 2326:The Press – Enterprise 2013:1% – Example of Bylaws 1961:Reynolds, Tom (2001), 1734:The critically panned 1672:Matt Murdock/Daredevil 1632:Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. 1213: 1038:Rebels Motorcycle Club 928:Rebels Motorcycle Club 732:in 1997. In 1999, the 629:, who infiltrated the 466: 349: 273: 138: 53:outlaw motorcycle club 48: 7676:Altamont Free Concert 6964:Notorious (Australia) 6859:Grim Reapers (Canada) 6081:Consent and Consensus 5970:. London: Routledge. 3923:San Jose Mercury News 3896:Sydney Morning Herald 3723:Busting Hell's Angels 3630:25 March 2009 at the 3613:Biker Gangs in Canada 3520:4 August 2015 at the 2880:Wright, Alan (2006). 2328:, Riverside, Calif., 2311:American Motorcyclist 2068:December 8, 2022, at 1686:action-adventure game 1459:. This show predated 1429:(1966) was published. 1207: 920:Finks Motorcycle Club 464: 347: 271: 264:Colors (motorcycling) 128: 68:(in Australia), is a 46: 16:Motorcycle subculture 8327:Criminal subcultures 7711:Lennoxville massacre 7360:David George Hoffman 6724:Black Diamond Riders 5135:One Percenter Bikers 4826:La Mémoire du Québec 4783:. 30 September 2017. 4749:Charbonneau, Renee. 4463:Hells Angels Forever 3740:14 July 2009 at the 2653:KTLA TV, Los Angeles 2618:5 April 2015 at the 2391:Sunshine Coast Daily 2135:. 30 September 2015. 2087:August 28, 2024, at 1851:Drew, A. J. (2002), 1824:Motorcycle Mechanics 1322:improve this article 1048:. Additionally, the 551:(RICO) statute. The 393:behalf of the club. 209:Outlaw biker culture 161:(sometimes known as 157:, road captain, and 99:to the biker group. 8317:1950s introductions 8128:Gangland Undercover 8069:Film and television 8021:Japanese subculture 7635:Edward Winterhalder 6989:Pissed off Bastards 6974:Original Red Devils 6969:Notorious (Germany) 6594:Freestyle motocross 5943:on 26 February 2021 5805:on 1 December 2021. 5768:. 17 December 2018. 5754:. 13 November 2018. 5740:. 13 November 2018. 5092:on 19 February 2022 4973:. 16 February 2021. 3826:on 17 October 2000. 3814:"Storm Approaching" 3649:16 May 2008 at the 3418:on 10 February 2010 2513:April 20, 2021, at 2254:The Washington Post 1690:Grand Theft Auto IV 1549:Gangland Undercover 1334:independent sources 1030:Kingdom of Thailand 952:Kreidler Ploeg Oost 744:has designated the 590:, and 130 cases of 289:Harley Owners Group 8268:Hunter S. Thompson 8177:Back Street Heroes 7645:Gordon van Haarlem 7495:Bent Svane Nielsen 7480:Giovanni Muscedere 7230:Salvatore Cazzetta 7180:Phillip Boudreault 7165:Howard Doyle Berry 7099:Warlocks (Florida) 6864:Grim Reapers (USA) 6111:Outlaw biker gangs 5839:. 7 December 2018. 5799:Bir Parça Tuhaftık 5696:The New York Times 5438:Detroit Free Press 5334:Detroit Free Press 5268:on 26 October 2021 4761:on 27 October 2021 4649:on 31 October 2021 4418:Het Laatste Nieuws 4335:. 2 December 2019. 4095:. 31 January 2020. 4030:73 Bikers Arrested 3534:2004 Annual Report 3496:2004 Annual Report 3465:on 1 December 2022 2561:on 3 November 2015 2538:on 3 November 2015 2509:(October 2, 1994) 2217:Madison, Wisconsin 2060:Heather Hamilton, 1721:GTA Online: Bikers 1706:Grand Theft Auto V 1443:(2002) was set in 1421:Hunter S. Thompson 1284:In popular culture 1266:leather subculture 1232:Cultural influence 1214: 869:(unrelated to the 572:illegal drug trade 513:Hunter S. Thompson 467: 350: 274: 139: 49: 8299: 8298: 8286: 8285: 8101:Outlaw biker film 8051: 8050: 7873: 7872: 7865:Outlaw biker film 7753:Ontario Biker War 7716:Milperra massacre 7510:Michael O'Farrell 7430:Michael Ljunggren 7335:Claus Bork Hansen 7225:Giovanni Cazzetta 7190:Willem van Boxtel 7155:Harry Paul Barnes 7059:Sin City Deciples 6659: 6658: 6399:Japanese Big Four 6016:978-1-55022-824-3 6000:on 31 August 2007 5887:. 12 October 2016 5624:on 30 August 2006 5151:. 8 January 2016. 4852:978-1-74229-163-5 4353:. 4 October 2013. 4218:978-1-922478-05-4 4126:Crime and Justice 3986:Los Angeles Times 3849:on 28 April 2002. 3303:978-1-4377-5507-7 3007:978-0-7619-1359-7 2893:978-1-84392-140-0 2811:978-1-85168-520-2 2782:Los Angeles Times 2280:on 13 July 2011, 1560:is a spin-off of 1534:Milperra massacre 1413:outlaw biker film 1371:978-1-55022-824-3 1351: 1350: 1290:Outlaw biker film 1242:outlaw biker film 1226:Pacific Northwest 1150:According to the 810:, nine 9) in the 724:of Scotland. The 382:Mississippi River 317:three-piece patch 8339: 8332:Motorcycle clubs 8066: 8065: 8013:Youth subculture 7977: 7976: 7934:Motorcycle rally 7900: 7893: 7886: 7877: 7876: 7773:Shedden massacre 7763:Quebec Biker War 7758:Port Hope 8 case 7731:Nordic Biker War 7595:Donald Stockford 7570:Martin Schippert 7560:Armand Sanguigni 7450:Philip McElwaine 7400:George Kriarakis 7385:Wayne Kellestine 7370:Jan Krogh Jensen 7270:Frédéric Faucher 7265:Rudi Heinz Elten 7240:Patrick Champoux 7140:Marcello Aravena 6819:East Bay Dragons 6686: 6679: 6672: 6663: 6662: 6589:by acceleration) 6524:Motorcycle rally 6144: 6137: 6130: 6121: 6120: 6037: 6019: 6001: 5981: 5953: 5952: 5950: 5948: 5939:. Archived from 5928: 5922: 5921: 5919: 5917: 5903: 5897: 5896: 5894: 5892: 5875: 5869: 5868: 5861: 5855: 5854: 5847: 5841: 5840: 5833: 5827: 5826: 5813: 5807: 5806: 5790: 5784: 5783: 5776: 5770: 5769: 5762: 5756: 5755: 5748: 5742: 5741: 5734: 5728: 5727: 5713: 5707: 5706: 5705: 5703: 5686: 5680: 5679: 5678: 5676: 5663: 5657: 5656: 5644:The Last Chapter 5640: 5634: 5633: 5631: 5629: 5613: 5607: 5604: 5598: 5595: 5589: 5586: 5580: 5577: 5571: 5568: 5562: 5559: 5553: 5550: 5544: 5541: 5532: 5527: 5521: 5518: 5512: 5509: 5503: 5500: 5494: 5491: 5485: 5482: 5476: 5473: 5467: 5464: 5458: 5455: 5449: 5448: 5446: 5444: 5429: 5423: 5422: 5420: 5418: 5403: 5397: 5396: 5394: 5392: 5380:MURRAY, Rheana. 5377: 5371: 5370: 5368: 5366: 5352: 5346: 5345: 5343: 5341: 5326: 5320: 5319: 5312: 5306: 5305: 5298: 5292: 5291: 5284: 5278: 5277: 5275: 5273: 5254: 5248: 5231: 5222: 5221: 5219: 5217: 5211: 5200: 5192: 5177: 5171: 5165: 5159: 5153: 5152: 5145: 5139: 5138: 5126: 5120: 5119: 5118:. 26 March 2017. 5108: 5102: 5101: 5099: 5097: 5082: 5076: 5075: 5063: 5057: 5056: 5043: 5037: 5036: 5035:. 26 March 2017. 5025: 5019: 5018: 5008: 4984: 4975: 4974: 4967: 4961: 4960: 4948: 4942: 4941: 4934: 4928: 4927: 4916: 4910: 4909: 4902: 4896: 4895: 4871: 4865: 4864: 4836: 4830: 4829: 4818: 4812: 4811: 4791: 4785: 4784: 4777: 4771: 4770: 4768: 4766: 4757:. Archived from 4746: 4740: 4739: 4719: 4713: 4712: 4692: 4686: 4685: 4665: 4659: 4658: 4656: 4654: 4639: 4633: 4632: 4621: 4615: 4614: 4612: 4610: 4605:on 27 March 2010 4601:. 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Archived from 3809: 3803: 3797: 3791: 3785: 3779: 3766: 3757: 3751: 3745: 3732: 3726: 3720: 3714: 3713: 3689: 3683: 3682:(15 August 1985) 3672: 3666: 3660: 3654: 3641: 3635: 3622: 3616: 3610: 3599: 3593: 3587: 3581: 3575: 3569: 3563: 3550: 3544: 3531: 3525: 3515:Motorcycle Gangs 3512: 3506: 3493: 3487: 3481: 3475: 3474: 3472: 3470: 3461:. Archived from 3442: 3427: 3426: 3425: 3423: 3414:, archived from 3411:Motorcycle Gangs 3405: 3399: 3398: 3391: 3385: 3384: 3377: 3371: 3365: 3359: 3353: 3347: 3341: 3335: 3332: 3326: 3325: 3314: 3308: 3307: 3287: 3281: 3280: 3245: 3236: 3233: 3227: 3226: 3178: 3172: 3171: 3131: 3125: 3124: 3084: 3078: 3077: 3054:Deviant Behavior 3045: 3039: 3036: 3025: 3018: 3012: 3011: 2991: 2985: 2984: 2944: 2938: 2937: 2936:on 5 March 2010. 2932:. 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Archived from 2669: 2660: 2654: 2648: 2642: 2629: 2623: 2610: 2599: 2596: 2590: 2587: 2581: 2578: 2572: 2569: 2563: 2562: 2557:, archived from 2546: 2540: 2539: 2534:, archived from 2523: 2517: 2506:The Buffalo News 2498: 2489: 2488: 2470: 2461: 2454: 2448: 2447: 2445: 2443: 2438:on 12 April 2006 2424: 2415: 2414: 2400: 2394: 2393: 2382: 2376: 2375: 2358: 2352: 2351: 2339: 2333: 2332: 2321: 2315: 2314: 2301: 2295: 2292: 2286: 2285: 2276:, archived from 2265: 2259: 2258: 2248: 2239: 2238: 2206: 2200: 2199: 2180: 2174: 2161: 2155: 2152: 2146: 2143: 2137: 2136: 2125: 2119: 2118: 2116: 2114: 2100: 2091: 2078: 2072: 2055: 2040: 2027: 2016: 2010: 2004: 2003: 2002: 2000: 1995:on 15 April 2014 1991:, archived from 1988:Motorcycle Gangs 1982: 1976: 1975: 1958: 1949: 1948: 1929: 1920: 1919: 1900: 1891: 1890: 1877: 1868: 1867: 1848: 1828: 1819: 1782: 1777: 1776: 1752:post-apocalyptic 1725:counterfeit cash 1453:Quebec Biker War 1441:The Last Chapter 1439:The mini-series 1406:Robert Muchamore 1392: 1374: 1346: 1343: 1337: 1302: 1301: 1294: 1222:clandestine labs 1172:Albany, New York 1145:Vietnam veterans 1101:Satans Slaves MC 1011:Nordic countries 863:Popeye Moto Club 600:Port of Montreal 596:drug trafficking 580:Quebec Biker War 435:insignia of the 336:on the defence. 231:motorcycle clubs 229:Many non-outlaw 159:sergeant-at-arms 135:security cameras 104:motorcycle clubs 81:Harley-Davidsons 65: 64: 8347: 8346: 8342: 8341: 8340: 8338: 8337: 8336: 8322:1966 neologisms 8302: 8301: 8300: 8295: 8282: 8223:George Christie 8196: 8164: 8132: 8107:Sons of Anarchy 8064: 8047: 8016: 7975: 7952: 7907: 7904: 7874: 7869: 7833: 7792:Law enforcement 7787: 7746:Drammen bombing 7686:First Biker War 7664: 7640:Gregory Woolley 7585:Walter Stadnick 7580:Anthony Spencer 7555:Michael Sandham 7405:Michel Langlois 7350:Peter John Hill 7245:George Christie 7235:Donald Chambers 7175:Maurice Boucher 7118: 7074:Sons of Silence 7004:Rebels (Canada) 6839:Galloping Goose 6794:Devils Diciples 6779:Coffin Cheaters 6695: 6690: 6660: 6655: 6639:Motorcycle gang 6627:Motorcycle club 6613: 6566: 6533: 6510: 6482: 6389:Harley-Davidson 6360: 6275: 6198: 6162: 6148: 6098: 6035: 6017: 5978: 5962: 5957: 5956: 5946: 5944: 5929: 5925: 5915: 5913: 5905: 5904: 5900: 5890: 5888: 5877: 5876: 5872: 5863: 5862: 5858: 5849: 5848: 5844: 5835: 5834: 5830: 5822:Rotten Tomatoes 5815: 5814: 5810: 5791: 5787: 5778: 5777: 5773: 5764: 5763: 5759: 5750: 5749: 5745: 5736: 5735: 5731: 5715: 5714: 5710: 5701: 5699: 5687: 5683: 5674: 5672: 5665: 5664: 5660: 5641: 5637: 5627: 5625: 5616:Syder, Andrew. 5614: 5610: 5605: 5601: 5596: 5592: 5587: 5583: 5578: 5574: 5569: 5565: 5560: 5556: 5551: 5547: 5542: 5535: 5528: 5524: 5519: 5515: 5510: 5506: 5501: 5497: 5492: 5488: 5483: 5479: 5474: 5470: 5465: 5461: 5456: 5452: 5442: 5440: 5430: 5426: 5416: 5414: 5404: 5400: 5390: 5388: 5378: 5374: 5364: 5362: 5354: 5353: 5349: 5339: 5337: 5328: 5327: 5323: 5314: 5313: 5309: 5300: 5299: 5295: 5286: 5285: 5281: 5271: 5269: 5256: 5255: 5251: 5246:Wayback Machine 5232: 5225: 5215: 5213: 5209: 5198: 5194: 5193: 5180: 5172: 5168: 5160: 5156: 5147: 5146: 5142: 5127: 5123: 5110: 5109: 5105: 5095: 5093: 5084: 5083: 5079: 5064: 5060: 5055:. 18 July 2019. 5052:TheGuardian.com 5045: 5044: 5040: 5027: 5026: 5022: 4985: 4978: 4969: 4968: 4964: 4957:The Daily Beast 4949: 4945: 4940:. 19 June 2018. 4936: 4935: 4931: 4918: 4917: 4913: 4904: 4903: 4899: 4872: 4868: 4853: 4837: 4833: 4820: 4819: 4815: 4808: 4792: 4788: 4779: 4778: 4774: 4764: 4762: 4747: 4743: 4736: 4720: 4716: 4709: 4693: 4689: 4682: 4666: 4662: 4652: 4650: 4641: 4640: 4636: 4623: 4622: 4618: 4608: 4606: 4594: 4593: 4589: 4579: 4577: 4576:. 19 April 2013 4568: 4567: 4556: 4546: 4544: 4535: 4534: 4519: 4509: 4507: 4499: 4498: 4479: 4474:Wayback Machine 4461: 4457: 4437: 4436: 4429: 4427: 4424:"Archived copy" 4422: 4412: 4408: 4398: 4394: 4387:Birmingham Post 4380: 4376: 4369:www.acic.gov.au 4363: 4362: 4358: 4345: 4344: 4340: 4331: 4330: 4326: 4317: 4316: 4312: 4305: 4289: 4285: 4276: 4275: 4271: 4266:. 16 June 2023. 4258: 4257: 4253: 4238: 4234: 4219: 4203: 4199: 4190: 4189: 4185: 4176: 4175: 4171: 4158: 4157: 4153: 4118: 4114: 4105: 4104: 4100: 4087: 4086: 4082: 4072: 4070: 4065: 4064: 4060: 4055: 4048: 4040: 4036: 4028: 4024: 4016: 4012: 4004: 4000: 3991: 3989: 3977: 3973: 3964: 3962: 3961:on 13 July 2011 3947:Clough, Craig, 3945: 3941: 3932: 3930: 3916:Risling, Greg, 3914: 3910: 3901: 3899: 3887: 3883: 3877: 3858: 3854: 3835: 3831: 3810: 3806: 3798: 3794: 3786: 3782: 3776:Wayback Machine 3767: 3760: 3752: 3748: 3742:Wayback Machine 3733: 3729: 3721: 3717: 3706: 3690: 3686: 3673: 3669: 3661: 3657: 3651:Wayback Machine 3642: 3638: 3632:Wayback Machine 3623: 3619: 3611: 3602: 3594: 3590: 3582: 3578: 3570: 3566: 3560:Wayback Machine 3551: 3547: 3541:Wayback Machine 3532: 3528: 3522:Wayback Machine 3513: 3509: 3503:Wayback Machine 3494: 3490: 3482: 3478: 3468: 3466: 3459: 3443: 3430: 3421: 3419: 3406: 3402: 3393: 3392: 3388: 3379: 3378: 3374: 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2019: 2011: 2007: 1998: 1996: 1983: 1979: 1973: 1959: 1952: 1946: 1930: 1923: 1917: 1901: 1894: 1878: 1871: 1865: 1849: 1842: 1837: 1832: 1831: 1820: 1816: 1811: 1778: 1771: 1768: 1681: 1563:Sons of Anarchy 1518:methamphetamine 1481:methamphetamine 1468:Sons of Anarchy 1461:Sons of Anarchy 1436: 1390: 1372: 1356: 1347: 1341: 1338: 1319: 1315:popular culture 1303: 1299: 1292: 1286: 1234: 1202: 1180: 1160: 1137:Sons of Silence 1109: 1085: 1034:South-East Asia 1026: 1003: 998: 987: 944: 904: 896: 854: 842: 754: 717: 694: 679: 677:Regional scenes 670: 657: 555:also lists the 521: 508: 459: 457:Gender and race 447:Nazi sympathies 396:There are also 390: 342: 330:probative value 305: 266: 260: 243: 211: 190: 131:Hells Angels MC 123: 62: 61: 41: 30: 27:Motorcycle club 17: 12: 11: 5: 8345: 8335: 8334: 8329: 8324: 8319: 8314: 8297: 8296: 8291: 8288: 8287: 8284: 8283: 8281: 8280: 8275: 8270: 8265: 8260: 8255: 8250: 8248:Donny Petersen 8245: 8240: 8235: 8230: 8225: 8220: 8215: 8210: 8204: 8202: 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4680: 4660: 4634: 4616: 4587: 4554: 4543:. 13 July 2011 4517: 4477: 4455: 4421:(14 May 2009) 4406: 4392: 4374: 4356: 4338: 4324: 4310: 4303: 4283: 4269: 4251: 4232: 4217: 4197: 4183: 4169: 4151: 4138:10.1086/708926 4112: 4109:. 6 June 2011. 4098: 4080: 4058: 4046: 4034: 4022: 4010: 3998: 3971: 3939: 3908: 3881: 3875: 3861:Queen, William 3852: 3843:tandemnews.com 3829: 3804: 3792: 3780: 3758: 3746: 3727: 3715: 3704: 3684: 3667: 3655: 3636: 3617: 3600: 3588: 3576: 3564: 3545: 3526: 3507: 3488: 3476: 3457: 3428: 3400: 3386: 3372: 3360: 3348: 3336: 3327: 3309: 3302: 3282: 3237: 3228: 3173: 3146:(4): 363–387. 3126: 3099:(4): 363–387. 3079: 3040: 3026: 3013: 3006: 2986: 2959:(4): 363–387. 2939: 2928:Carlie, Mike. 2920: 2899: 2892: 2886:. Willan Pub. 2872: 2858:Ebony Dec 1966 2848: 2838: 2816: 2810: 2792: 2767: 2743: 2737: 2714: 2708: 2688: 2655: 2643: 2624: 2600: 2591: 2582: 2573: 2564: 2541: 2518: 2490: 2462: 2449: 2416: 2406:New York Times 2395: 2377: 2368:Brisbane Times 2353: 2334: 2316: 2296: 2287: 2260: 2240: 2229: 2201: 2195: 2175: 2156: 2147: 2138: 2120: 2092: 2073: 2041: 2017: 2005: 1977: 1971: 1950: 1944: 1921: 1915: 1892: 1869: 1863: 1839: 1838: 1836: 1833: 1830: 1829: 1813: 1812: 1810: 1807: 1806: 1805: 1800: 1795: 1790: 1784: 1783: 1780:Society portal 1767: 1764: 1763: 1762: 1743: 1732: 1727:factories and 1711:Trevor Philips 1680: 1677: 1676: 1675: 1619: 1606: 1605:'s drug trade. 1595:The TV series 1593: 1589:Dogs of Berlin 1584: 1571: 1553: 1545: 1525: 1492:True Detective 1488: 1477:show's creator 1464: 1435: 1432: 1431: 1430: 1409: 1393: 1388: 1375: 1370: 1355: 1352: 1349: 1348: 1313:references to 1306: 1304: 1297: 1288:Main article: 1285: 1282: 1278:cultural icons 1246:fashion trends 1233: 1230: 1201: 1198: 1179: 1176: 1159: 1156: 1108: 1105: 1089:Blue Angels MC 1084: 1083:United Kingdom 1081: 1025: 1022: 1002: 999: 997: 994: 986: 983: 954:biker club in 943: 940: 903: 900: 895: 892: 853: 850: 846:Western Canada 841: 838: 837: 836: 832: 829: 828: 827: 803: 800: 797: 793: 789: 785: 781: 753: 750: 742:Federal Police 740:. The Belgian 716: 713: 693: 690: 678: 675: 669: 666: 656: 653: 520: 517: 507: 504: 458: 455: 389: 386: 361:Hollister riot 341: 338: 304: 301: 262:Main article: 259: 258:Identification 256: 242: 241:Charity events 239: 210: 207: 189: 186: 175:mother chapter 147:vice president 122: 119: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8344: 8333: 8330: 8328: 8325: 8323: 8320: 8318: 8315: 8313: 8310: 8309: 8307: 8294: 8289: 8279: 8276: 8274: 8271: 8269: 8266: 8264: 8261: 8259: 8258:William Queen 8256: 8254: 8251: 8249: 8246: 8244: 8241: 8239: 8238:Jerry Langton 8236: 8234: 8231: 8229: 8226: 8224: 8221: 8219: 8216: 8214: 8211: 8209: 8206: 8205: 8203: 8199: 8193: 8192: 8188: 8186: 8185: 8181: 8179: 8178: 8174: 8173: 8171: 8167: 8161: 8160: 8156: 8154: 8153: 8149: 8147: 8146: 8142: 8141: 8139: 8135: 8130: 8129: 8125: 8123: 8122: 8118: 8116: 8115: 8111: 8109: 8108: 8104: 8102: 8099: 8097: 8096: 8092: 8090: 8087: 8085: 8084: 8080: 8078: 8077: 8073: 8071: 8067: 8061: 8060: 8058: 8054: 8044: 8041: 8039: 8036: 8034: 8031: 8029: 8026: 8025: 8023: 8019: 8014: 8011: 8009: 8006: 8004: 8003:Street racing 8001: 7999: 7996: 7994: 7993:Streetfighter 7991: 7989: 7986: 7984: 7981: 7978: 7972: 7971: 7969: 7967: 7963: 7959: 7955: 7948: 7947:List of terms 7944: 7943:List of clubs 7940: 7937: 7935: 7932: 7930: 7927: 7925: 7922: 7920: 7917: 7916: 7914: 7910: 7906:Biker culture 7901: 7896: 7894: 7889: 7887: 7882: 7881: 7878: 7866: 7863: 7861: 7858: 7856: 7855:List of clubs 7853: 7851: 7850:Nomad chapter 7848: 7846: 7843: 7842: 7840: 7836: 7830: 7829:William Queen 7827: 7825: 7822: 7820: 7817: 7815: 7812: 7810: 7807: 7805: 7802: 7800: 7799:Bob Armstrong 7797: 7796: 7794: 7790: 7784: 7783:Waco shootout 7781: 7779: 7776: 7774: 7771: 7769: 7766: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7747: 7744: 7742: 7739: 7737: 7734: 7733: 7732: 7729: 7727: 7724: 7722: 7719: 7717: 7714: 7712: 7709: 7707: 7704: 7702: 7699: 7697: 7694: 7692: 7689: 7687: 7684: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7673: 7671: 7667: 7661: 7658: 7656: 7653: 7651: 7650:Paul de Vries 7648: 7646: 7643: 7641: 7638: 7636: 7633: 7631: 7628: 7626: 7625:Claude Vézina 7623: 7621: 7618: 7616: 7613: 7611: 7608: 7606: 7603: 7601: 7598: 7596: 7593: 7591: 7588: 7586: 7583: 7581: 7578: 7576: 7573: 7571: 7568: 7566: 7565:Richard Sauvé 7563: 7561: 7558: 7556: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7543: 7541: 7538: 7536: 7533: 7531: 7528: 7526: 7523: 7521: 7518: 7516: 7515:Mario Parente 7513: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7503: 7501: 7498: 7496: 7493: 7491: 7488: 7486: 7485:Dwight Mushey 7483: 7481: 7478: 7476: 7473: 7471: 7470:Thomas Möller 7468: 7466: 7463: 7461: 7458: 7456: 7455:Garnet McEwen 7453: 7451: 7448: 7446: 7443: 7441: 7438: 7436: 7433: 7431: 7428: 7426: 7423: 7421: 7418: 7416: 7413: 7411: 7408: 7406: 7403: 7401: 7398: 7396: 7393: 7391: 7388: 7386: 7383: 7381: 7380:Renaud Jomphe 7378: 7376: 7373: 7371: 7368: 7366: 7363: 7361: 7358: 7356: 7353: 7351: 7348: 7346: 7343: 7341: 7338: 7336: 7333: 7331: 7328: 7326: 7325:Normand Hamel 7323: 7321: 7318: 7316: 7313: 7311: 7308: 7306: 7303: 7301: 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6507: 6504: 6502: 6499: 6497: 6494: 6493: 6491: 6489: 6485: 6479: 6476: 6474: 6471: 6469: 6466: 6464: 6461: 6459: 6458:Royal Enfield 6456: 6452: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6443: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6434: 6432: 6429: 6427: 6424: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6412: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6402: 6401: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6377: 6375: 6372: 6371: 6369: 6367: 6366:Manufacturers 6363: 6357: 6354: 6350: 6347: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6339:Tires (tyres) 6337: 6335: 6332: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6318: 6315: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6305: 6304: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6291: 6290: 6287: 6286: 6284: 6282: 6278: 6270: 6267: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6251: 6249: 6247: 6244: 6242: 6239: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6229:Sport touring 6226: 6223: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6212: 6210: 6209: 6207: 6205: 6201: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6171: 6169: 6165: 6160: 6156: 6152: 6145: 6140: 6138: 6133: 6131: 6126: 6125: 6122: 6116: 6112: 6109: 6107: 6103: 6100: 6099: 6090: 6089:1-920845-12-7 6086: 6082: 6078: 6075: 6074:0-7867-2046-8 6071: 6067: 6063: 6060: 6059: 6055:Hayes, Bill. 6054: 6051: 6050:1-74175-463-1 6047: 6043: 6039: 6036: 6034:0-9771747-0-0 6030: 6026: 6021: 6018: 6012: 6009:, ECW Press, 6008: 6003: 5999: 5995: 5994:press release 5991: 5987: 5983: 5979: 5977:9781138168220 5973: 5969: 5964: 5963: 5942: 5938: 5934: 5927: 5912: 5908: 5902: 5886: 5885: 5880: 5874: 5866: 5860: 5852: 5846: 5838: 5832: 5824: 5823: 5818: 5812: 5804: 5800: 5796: 5789: 5781: 5775: 5767: 5761: 5753: 5747: 5739: 5733: 5725: 5724: 5719: 5712: 5698: 5697: 5692: 5685: 5670: 5669: 5662: 5655: 5650: 5646: 5645: 5639: 5623: 5619: 5612: 5603: 5594: 5585: 5576: 5567: 5558: 5549: 5540: 5538: 5531: 5526: 5517: 5508: 5499: 5490: 5481: 5472: 5463: 5454: 5439: 5435: 5428: 5413: 5409: 5402: 5387: 5383: 5376: 5361: 5357: 5351: 5335: 5331: 5325: 5317: 5311: 5303: 5297: 5289: 5283: 5267: 5263: 5259: 5253: 5247: 5243: 5239: 5235: 5230: 5228: 5208: 5204: 5197: 5191: 5189: 5187: 5185: 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1926: 1918: 1916:9780802073631 1912: 1908: 1907: 1899: 1897: 1889: 1888: 1883: 1876: 1874: 1866: 1864:9781580625548 1860: 1856: 1855: 1847: 1845: 1840: 1826: 1825: 1818: 1814: 1804: 1801: 1799: 1796: 1794: 1791: 1789: 1786: 1785: 1781: 1775: 1770: 1760: 1756: 1755:survival game 1753: 1749: 1748: 1744: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1717: 1712: 1708: 1707: 1702: 1698: 1697: 1692: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1682: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1660: 1655: 1654: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1638: 1634: 1633: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1617: 1613: 1612: 1607: 1604: 1600: 1599: 1594: 1591: 1590: 1585: 1582: 1578: 1577: 1572: 1569: 1565: 1564: 1559: 1558: 1554: 1551: 1550: 1546: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1530: 1526: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1512: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1494: 1493: 1489: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1469: 1465: 1463:by six years. 1462: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1437: 1428: 1427: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1398: 1397:Brigands M.C. 1394: 1391: 1389:0-9771747-0-0 1385: 1381: 1376: 1373: 1367: 1364:, ECW Press, 1363: 1358: 1357: 1345: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1317: 1316: 1312: 1307:This article 1305: 1296: 1295: 1291: 1281: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1254: 1252: 1251:working class 1247: 1243: 1239: 1229: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1211: 1206: 1197: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1185: 1175: 1173: 1169: 1168:New York City 1165: 1155: 1153: 1148: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1117:Boozefighters 1114: 1107:United States 1104: 1102: 1098: 1097:Commitatus MC 1094: 1090: 1080: 1078: 1074: 1069: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1021: 1018: 1016: 1012: 1008: 993: 990: 982: 980: 974: 972: 968: 964: 959: 957: 953: 950:absorbed the 949: 939: 937: 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 913: 908: 899: 891: 887: 883: 879: 876: 872: 868: 864: 860: 849: 847: 840:Canadian West 833: 830: 824: 823: 821: 817: 813: 812:United States 809: 804: 801: 798: 794: 790: 786: 782: 778: 777: 776: 773: 771: 767: 763: 759: 749: 747: 743: 739: 735: 731: 727: 723: 712: 710: 705: 701: 699: 689: 687: 683: 674: 668:Support clubs 665: 661: 652: 649: 644: 639: 636: 632: 628: 627:William Queen 624: 618: 616: 615:Toys for Tots 611: 609: 605: 601: 597: 593: 589: 585: 581: 576: 573: 569: 564: 562: 558: 554: 550: 546: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 516: 514: 503: 501: 497: 493: 487: 484: 479: 475: 471: 463: 454: 452: 448: 444: 443: 438: 437:Schutzstaffel 434: 430: 426: 421: 419: 415: 411: 410:pilot's wings 407: 403: 402:biker's wings 399: 394: 388:Other patches 385: 383: 379: 374: 370: 365: 362: 357: 355: 346: 340:One percenter 337: 335: 331: 326: 325:paraphernalia 321: 318: 314: 310: 300: 296: 294: 290: 286: 285: 280: 270: 265: 255: 253: 249: 238: 236: 232: 227: 225: 221: 217: 206: 203: 198: 196: 185: 183: 178: 176: 172: 168: 164: 160: 156: 152: 148: 144: 136: 132: 127: 118: 116: 111: 109: 105: 100: 98: 94: 93:nonconformity 90: 86: 82: 78: 74: 71: 67: 58: 54: 45: 39: 35: 28: 24: 19: 8253:Ted Polhemus 8243:Jørn Nielsen 8213:Sonny Barger 8208:David Atwell 8189: 8182: 8175: 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