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1746:. In the paper, Lee wrote : "Therefore, a plan to create a federation of these three territories must be tactfully and gradually introduced into the minds of the peoples of the three territories, and should be presented as a desire of the peoples living in this region, and not initiated by the British." There were doubts about the practicality of the idea but Lee assured the Malayan government of continued Malay political dominance in the new federation. Razak supported the idea of the new federation and worked to convince Tunku to back it.
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especially in
Singapore. It was also feared that if Singapore became independent, it would become a base for Chinese chauvinists to threaten Malayan sovereignty. The proposed inclusion of British territories besides Singapore was intended to keep the ethnic composition of the new nation similar to that of Malaya, with the Malay and indigenous populations of the other territories cancelling out the Chinese majority in Singapore
1734:, the prime minister of Malaya, refused. However, fears of the MCP-backed insurgency taking over Singapore and using it as a base against Malaya gave reason for the Malayan government to admit Singapore as a member state, and for Singapore, the promise of independence from British colonial rule and economic growth with a guaranteed common market between the two nations gave the city-state reason enough to join the federation.
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1905:. The PAP was now a legitimate opposition party in the federal elections, and campaigned on a platform of eliminating racialism and a Malaysian Malaysia. Their rallies attracted large crowds. They decided to contest a minority of the seats however, to avoid any perception that they were trying to undermine the ruling party or being seen as agents of instability. The PAP only won one seat and 2.05% of the vote.
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1948:, however, the PAP had no true authority to influence whether Singapore should leave or not, despite having pressured Tunku Abdul Rahman not to take such a course of action. The separation agreement was signed to maintain friendly relations, trade agreements, and mutual defence ties. These were left intact, although federal ties to Singapore as a state were cut off.
1840:(MCA) feared that the PAP would replace them, and opposed the PAP, seeing it as a radical socialist movement. The MCA urged the UMNO to prevent the PAP from becoming too influential in the federal government. From this point on, the relationship between the UMNO and the PAP became increasingly cool, falling little short of hostile.
2005:
PAP–UMNO relations were volatile at several points in history, and there are still long-running disputes. However, Malaysia and
Singapore remain relatively close allies. The two countries' relations with each other are stronger than their (generally warm) relations with other countries in the region,
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On 27 May 1961, Abdul Rahman announced the idea of forming "Malaysia", which would consist of Brunei, Malaya, North Borneo, Sarawak, and
Singapore, all except Malaya still under British rule. It was stated that this would allow the central government to better control and combat communist activities,
1956:
The complex relationship continued with the issue of trade and other agreements between the now separate entities of
Malaysia and Singapore. At times both parties have heavily criticised each other for their policies, to the extent of issuing threats. Since 1970, both have had their countries issue
1812:
for Malays, who had supposedly been put at a disadvantage by the heavy presence of immigrants, mainly
Chinese, who had entered the Malay Archipelago during British colonial rule; many of them had the opportunity to be businessmen living in the city, while Malays were left as coolies in rural areas.
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Both parties continued to escalate the tension with scathing verbal attacks on each other, accusing each other of being the cause of the riots. In what was seen by the PAP as a violation of previous agreements to confine their political role to their respective states, Singapore UMNO
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parties pose a threat?" The sharp highlight of the degenerating situation was a vow by UMNO to oust the PAP from the
Singapore government when the next set of state elections occurred, perhaps before the PAP could do likewise at the next federal election.
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proposed the idea of forming
Malaysia during a meeting to Tunku Abdul Rahman, after which Tunku invited Lee to prepare a paper elaborating on this idea. On 9 May, Lee sent the final version of the paper to Tunku and then deputy Malayan Prime Minister
1924:
to be set up between the
Federation and Singapore, and the heavy tax burden placed on Singapore, which was seen as unfair. Such issues catalysed the impending secession: On 7 August 1965, Tunku Abdul Rahman announced to the Malaysian Parliament in
2010:. For example, there is a strong co-operation for law enforcement on both sides of the Causeway, whereby fugitives wanted by Singapore law enforcement and who escaped to Malaysia were detained by Malaysian law enforcement and then
1997:
in each other's internal political affairs, Malaysian and
Singaporean online news portals are readily and freely accessible on the Internet for viewing within both countries, without censorship and without the need of a
1327:(PKI), expelling the leftists from their ranks. Thus, the PAP and UMNO had co-operated closely for some time to work towards eliminating the MCP insurgency and achieving independence from colonialism.
1836:
were facing increasing political, legal, and economic discrimination. One of the initial solutions proposed was to have the PAP join UMNO and later on participate in the federal government, but the
1757:, under the conditions that all Singaporean citizens would automatically become citizens of Malaysia. Singapore would also retain a degree of autonomy and state rights, such as over labour and
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1957:
bans on the physical distribution on newspaper media of the other country (by refusing to issue newspaper or publishing permits); for example, Malaysian newspapers such as the
1897:
Eventually, the PAP decided to challenge the policies of the
Central Government directly, both as a retaliatory measure and to further its ideological grounds. It ran in the
1319:. Initially allowing insurgent-faction members advocating communism into both their parties as an ally against colonialism, both later developed hostile relations with the
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After Malayan independence, the PAP- and UMNO-led governments of Singapore and Malaya began negotiating a merger of their respective territories in 1960. Initially,
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The PAP staunchly opposed this as unjustified and racist. The PAP, along with several other Malaysian minority parties, epitomised this view with the cry of a
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UMNO saw this as spite, and felt threatened by the fact that the PAP had even contested any seats at all, and was alarmed by the seat the PAP managed to win.
1920:
In addition to racial unrest, thorny issues concerning Singapore's rights as an autonomous state further put a dent in relations, such as the failure of a
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are banned from mass printed circulation in Malaysia (though as recent as June 2005 there have been talks to lift the bans on both sides of the
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Such co-operation culminated in 1963 with the merger of Singapore and the Federation of Malaya to form Malaysia alongside Sabah and Sarawak.
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Initially, all appeared well. However, both nations developed different ideological lines on racial issues, especially concerning the
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for redevelopment. An increasingly heated debate on both sides sprung up, inciting racial tensions to such an extent that
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During this period, racial tensions grew between the Chinese and the Malays, allegedly partially incited earlier by the
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that the Parliament should vote yes on the resolution to have Singapore expelled from the Federation, choosing to
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are banned from mass printed circulation in Singapore, whilst corresponding newspapers from Singapore such as
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Cheng, Adeline Low Hwee (2001). "The past in the present: Memories of the 1964 'racial riots' in Singapore".
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From Malayan Union to Singapore separation : political unification in the Malaysia region, 1945-65
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that states a Knowledge editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.
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1977:). This heavy exchange of words is epitomised by the former prime ministers of both countries,
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from 1955 to 2018 and has governed it since 2020. The two parties' relationship has impacted
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1777:. The Federation of Malaysia was established on 16 September 1963 under those conditions.
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as opposed to the undesirable method of suppressing the PAP for its actions. Singapore's
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who were mostly poor during post independence and it was thought by PAP as a positive
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Both parties have common roots, being formed during the period of anti-
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given the countries' geographical proximity and close historical ties.
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Founding of modern Singapore and early colonial period (1819–1826)
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1940:
2298:"'Impossible to co-operate with Singapore while Lee is Premier'"
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refers to the occasionally-turbulent relationship between the
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1985:
of the UMNO. Nevertheless, presently, with the advent of the
1935:
separation and independence became official on 9 August 1965.
141:
personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
2262:"Singapore's most wanted militant arrested in Malaysia"
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High Court in Malaya ∙ High Court in Sabah and Sarawak
2006:
such as the members of Southeast Asian regional-bloc
208:. Please help to ensure that disputed statements are
2041:
The Making of Federation of Malaysia , A J Stockwell
1890:in Singapore on 21 September 1963 as part of the
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2002:to circumvent the censorship of foreign media.
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1315:and widespread resentment which grew after the
2112:. Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress.
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16:Bilateral relation between political parties
2404:British Military Administration (1945–1946)
55:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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1901:in coalition with other parties under the
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2082:(2nd ed.). University Malaya Press.
1821:, a policy to serve the entire Malaysian
246:Learn how and when to remove this message
228:Learn how and when to remove this message
170:Learn how and when to remove this message
112:Learn how and when to remove this message
2414:Self-governance of Singapore (1955–1962)
2101:
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1944:, Singapore withdrew of its own accord.
1793:, mainly marked by UMNO's belief in the
1753:Singapore became part of Malaysia after
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204:Relevant discussion may be found on the
75:This article includes a list of general
776:House of Representatives (Dewan Rakyat)
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1899:April 1964 Malaysian federal elections
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1042:List of political parties in Malaysia
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3205:2020–2022 Malaysian political crisis
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558:2019 failed constitutional amendment
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1289:United Malays National Organisation
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513:UN Security Council Resolution 213
81:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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2286:"Small spark can create big mess"
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1874:on and after the islamic Prophet
1832:This was driven by the fact that
1291:(UMNO), the leading party of the
36:This article has multiple issues.
3165:Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation
2419:Merger with Malaysia (1962–1965)
2078:Noordin Sopiee, Mohamed (2005).
1797:policy of helping Malays as the
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44:or discuss these issues on the
2409:Post-war Singapore (1946–1955)
2235:Auto, Hermes (26 March 2017).
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2125:"Malaysia Singapore Relations"
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1755:a national referendum was held
1283:(PAP), the governing party of
1:
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1808:UMNO saw this as much needed
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567:2021 constitutional amendment
357:Cross border attacks in Sabah
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3450:State legislative assemblies
3170:Sarawak communist insurgency
2424:Republic of Singapore (1965–
2311:. Retrieved 6 November 2005.
2309:"Perils of the sitting duck"
2123:Omar, Rusdi (20 July 2014).
2024:Malaysia–Singapore relations
1903:Malaysian Solidarity Council
1844:Conflict between the parties
1301:Malaysia–Singapore relations
477:1964 race riots in Singapore
450:North Borneo Self-governance
377:Piracy in Sulu & Celebes
338:Sarawak communist insurgency
7:
3669:Water supply and sanitation
3195:1997 Asian financial crisis
2847:Water supply and sanitation
2284:Goh, Jenny (23 July 1997).
2017:
1870:occurred, culminating with
1838:Malayan Chinese Association
1799:original settlers of Malaya
1532:Prime Minister of Singapore
917:Abang Iskandar Abang Hashim
760:Awang Bemee Awang Ali Basah
10:
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2379:Archaeology in Singapore
2324:– Overview of the merger
2106:Lepoer, Barbara (1989).
1892:Singapore Alliance Party
1455:Leader of the Opposition
1341:This article is part of
800:Leader of the Opposition
792:Leader of the Government
628:This article is part of
459:Proclamation of Malaysia
2691:Singapore Standard (SS)
2065:10.1163/156853101X00181
2000:virtual private network
1781:Ideological differences
1321:Malayan Communist Party
1110:Ideologies and concepts
486:MacDonald House bombing
432:Sarawak Self-governance
396:North Borneo Federation
96:more precise citations.
3521:Science and technology
2787:Long hair in Singapore
2140:Cite journal requires
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1519:Tharman Shanmugaratnam
1506:President of Singapore
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329:Singaporean referendum
150:by rewriting it in an
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2676:Proposed developments
1878:'s birthday in 1964.
1852:, such as during the
1803:racial discrimination
1352:Politics of Singapore
1334:Formation of Malaysia
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934:Chief Judge of Malaya
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681:Yang di-Pertuan Agong
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266:Formation of Malaysia
3863:Politics of Malaysia
3551:World Bank Relations
3289:World Heritage Sites
3267:environmental issues
3150:Federation of Malaya
2455:Environmental issues
2322:Headlines, lifelines
1981:of the PAP, and Dr.
1888:1963 state elections
1685:Singapore portal
1287:since 1959, and the
697:Conference of Rulers
549:Pedra Branca dispute
347:North Borneo dispute
197:factual accuracy is
3319:Peninsular Malaysia
2812:Population planning
2797:National Day Parade
2633:Economic statistics
2014:back to Singapore.
1834:Singaporean Chinese
1440:Leader of the House
1317:Japanese Occupation
1228:Politics portal
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994:Electoral districts
587:Malaysia portal
522:Singapore Agreement
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3116:Portuguese Malacca
2802:No U-turn syndrome
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2307:Ooi, Jeff (2005).
1886:) competed in the
1854:Hock Lee bus riots
1817:Malaysian Malaysia
1810:affirmative action
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1190:Malaysian Malaysia
1171:Dayaks in politics
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1960:New Straits Times
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1995:non-interference
1983:Mahathir Mohamad
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1293:Barisan Nasional
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689:Ibrahim Iskandar
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468:Operation Claret
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1964:Utusan Malaysia
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1477:14th Parliament
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860:Chief Secretary
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803:Hamzah Zainudin
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2563:Prime Minister
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2485:Urban planning
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835:Prime Minister
831:
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470:
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455:
454:
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446:
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443:
437:
436:
434:
428:
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34:
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24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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3602:Ethnic groups
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3511:States by GDP
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3507:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3461:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3350:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3294:Hill stations
3292:
3290:
3287:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3272:deforestation
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3247:East Malaysia
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3212:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3145:Malayan Union
3143:
3141:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3121:Dutch Malacca
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3095:
3091:
3087:
3080:
3075:
3073:
3068:
3066:
3061:
3060:
3057:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3036:
3031:
3027:
3024:
3020:
3017:
3013:
3012:
3008:
2998:
2995:
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2988:
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2798:
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2605:
2603:
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2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2586:
2583:
2582:
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2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2551:
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2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2532:
2531:Town Councils
2529:
2528:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2501:
2498:
2496:
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2490:Urban renewal
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1540:Lawrence Wong
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1153:Islam Hadhari
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669:
667:Head of State
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367:Moro conflict
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49:
48:
43:
42:
37:
32:
23:
22:
19:
3823:Bibliography
3789:Rukun Negara
3787:
3697:Architecture
3649:Prostitution
3592:Demographics
3486:Central bank
3400:Human rights
3375:Constitution
3262:conservation
3200:1MDB scandal
3030:Bibliography
2972:Coat of arms
2949:Singaporeans
2870:Architecture
2817:Prostitution
2767:Demographics
2585:Conscription
2570:Human rights
2538:Constitution
2301:
2289:
2270:. Retrieved
2268:. 8 May 2009
2265:
2256:
2244:. Retrieved
2240:
2230:
2218:. Retrieved
2214:
2205:
2193:. Retrieved
2188:
2179:
2167:. Retrieved
2163:
2154:
2133:cite journal
2118:
2108:
2079:
2073:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2037:
2004:
1991:social media
1979:Lee Kuan Yew
1968:
1958:
1955:
1945:
1939:
1938:
1930:
1927:Kuala Lumpur
1919:
1913:
1910:Tan Siew Sin
1907:
1896:
1880:
1857:
1847:
1831:
1826:
1822:
1814:
1807:
1787:Chinese race
1784:
1752:
1748:
1739:Lee Kuan Yew
1736:
1729:
1642:State Courts
1634:
1602:
1582:
1563:The Reserves
1530:
1504:
1467:
1458:Pritam Singh
1415:
1396:Human rights
1381:
1329:
1310:
1276:
1275:
1183:
1175:
1164:
1163:
1158:Asian values
1137:Rukun Negara
1135:
1126:Conservatism
1090:
1061:
972:
936:
924:
904:
884:
845:
825:
787:Johari Abdul
774:
765:
747:
738:
723:
679:
626:
494:
242:
224:
215:
196:
166:
157:
138:
108:
99:
80:
52:
45:
39:
38:Please help
35:
18:
3476:Agriculture
3334:Earthquakes
3252:Environment
3111:Prehistoric
2842:Social fund
2638:Agriculture
2191:. Singapore
1823:nationality
1744:Abdul Razak
1409:Legislature
1313:colonialism
711:Legislature
642:Politics of
405:Konfrontasi
262:Part of the
218:August 2015
160:August 2015
102:August 2011
94:introducing
3852:Categories
3717:Literature
3612:Healthcare
3587:Corruption
3505:(currency)
3435:Parliament
3430:Monarchies
3405:Censorship
3390:Government
2929:Mass media
2924:Literature
2752:Disability
2660:(currency)
2592:Parliament
2553:Government
2475:Reservoirs
2030:References
2012:extradited
1868:race riots
1795:bumiputera
1791:Malay race
1636:High Court
1558:Ministries
1417:Parliament
1375:Government
1323:(MCP) and
1184:Bumiputera
1054:Federalism
423:Maphilindo
77:references
41:improve it
3664:Squatting
3629:Languages
3597:Education
3541:Transport
3410:Judiciary
3380:Elections
3339:Volcanoes
3309:Mountains
3242:Divisions
3237:Districts
3215:Geography
2987:Lion head
2895:Languages
2807:OB marker
2762:Education
2706:Transport
2607:President
2543:Elections
2495:Waterways
2438:Geography
2359:Singapore
1872:two riots
1759:education
1655:Elections
1576:Judiciary
1498:Executive
1285:Singapore
1148:Reformasi
1121:Communism
1116:Anarchism
960:Elections
914:President
877:Judiciary
818:Executive
757:President
206:talk page
47:talk page
3832:Category
3712:Folklore
3654:Religion
3577:Abortion
3503:Ringgit
3425:Military
3353:Politics
3277:wildlife
3106:Timeline
3090:articles
3086:Malaysia
3039:Category
2939:Religion
2890:Gambling
2681:Reserves
2643:Aviation
2580:Military
2514:Politics
2500:Wildlife
2363:articles
2272:17 April
2246:17 April
2220:17 April
2195:17 April
2169:17 April
2018:See also
1987:Internet
1975:Causeway
1946:De facto
1876:Muhammad
1864:kampungs
1789:and the
1767:Mandarin
1343:a series
1297:Malaysia
1131:Feminism
852:agencies
645:Malaysia
630:a series
199:disputed
3809:Outline
3756:Symbols
3707:Cuisine
3684:Culture
3644:Poverty
3565:Society
3536:Tourism
3464:Economy
3365:Cabinet
3299:Islands
3227:Borders
3098:History
3016:Outline
2992:Merlion
2959:Symbols
2917:history
2912:culture
2880:Cuisine
2857:Culture
2837:Smoking
2777:Five Cs
2747:Driving
2720:Society
2701:Tourism
2658:Dollar
2621:Economy
2558:Cabinet
2465:Islands
2460:Geology
2450:Beaches
2426:present
2371:History
2266:Reuters
1941:De jure
1763:English
1612:Prakash
1553:Cabinet
1425:Speaker
1307:Origins
1082:members
827:Cabinet
784:Speaker
146:Please
90:improve
3837:Portal
3783:Flower
3773:Emblem
3768:Anthem
3763:Animal
3702:Cinema
3607:Health
3546:Unions
3493:Energy
3329:States
3324:Rivers
3282:plants
3140:Borneo
3088:
3044:Portal
2997:Pledge
2982:Flower
2967:Anthem
2944:Sports
2875:Cinema
2782:Health
2737:Caning
2671:Labour
2666:Energy
2597:Police
2480:Rivers
2361:
2086:
937:Vacant
632:on the
281:Events
79:, but
3816:Index
3747:Sport
3737:Names
3732:Music
3727:Media
3674:Women
3582:Crime
3481:Banks
3304:Lakes
3023:Index
2934:Music
2885:Dance
2757:Women
2742:Crime
2470:Parks
2189:Today
2008:ASEAN
1884:SUMNO
1775:Tamil
1771:Malay
1622:Chong
3778:Flag
3634:LGBT
3395:King
2977:Flag
2907:LGBT
2274:2022
2248:2022
2222:2022
2197:2022
2171:2022
2146:help
2084:ISBN
1962:and
1827:race
1773:and
1511:list
1097:list
986:2022
3692:Art
3415:Law
2865:Art
2575:Law
2215:CNA
2061:doi
1850:MCP
1627:Ang
1617:Tay
1544:PAP
1447:PAP
1432:PAP
1391:Law
1036:GRS
1031:GPS
3854::
3138:/
2288:.
2264:.
2239:.
2213:.
2187:.
2162:.
2137::
2135:}}
2131:{{
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
