373:(17), while Pachomius was praying at the deserted village of Tabennisi, he heard a voice calling him, saying, "Pachomius, Pachomius, struggle, dwell in this place and build a monastery; for many will come to you to become monks with you, and they will profit their souls." Later, while praying at night after a day of harvesting reeds with his brother on a small island, Pachomius had another vision of an angel saying to him three times, "Pachomius, Pachomius, the Lord's will is to minister to the race of men and to unite them to himself" (
511:
406:. Pachomius realized that some men, acquainted only with the eremitical life, might speedily become disgusted if the distracting cares of the cenobitical life were thrust too abruptly upon them. He therefore allowed them to devote their whole time to spiritual exercises, undertaking all the community's administrative tasks himself. The community hailed Pachomius as "Abba" ("father" in Aramaic), from which "Abbot" derives. The monastery at
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2653:
479:
monasteries it was left very much to the individual taste of each monk to fix the order of life for himself. Thus the hours for meals and the extent of his fasting were settled by him alone, he might eat with the others in common or have bread and salt provided in his own cell every day or every second day.
348:
Pachomius then came into contact with several well known ascetics and decided to pursue that path under the guidance of the hermit named
Palaemon (317). One of his devotions, popular at the time, was praying with his arms stretched out in the form of a cross. After studying seven years with Palaemon,
545:
His reputation as a holy man has endured. As mentioned above, several liturgical calendars commemorate
Pachomius. Among many miracles attributed to Pachomius, that though he had never learned the Greek or Latin tongues, he sometimes miraculously spoke them. Pachomius is also credited with being the
475:
up a rule which made things easier for the less proficient, but did not check the most extreme asceticism in the more proficient. The Rule sought to balance prayer with work, the communal life with solitude. The day was organised around the liturgy, with time for manual work and devotional reading.
474:
Pachomius was the first to set down a written monastic rule. The first rule was composed of prayers generally known and in general use, such as the Lord's Prayer. The monks were to pray them every day. As the community developed, the rules were elaborated with precepts taken from the Bible. He drew
340:
in the evening. Here he first encountered local
Christians, who customarily brought food and comfort daily to the conscripted troops. This made a lasting impression, and Pachomius vowed to investigate Christianity further when he got out. He was able to leave the army without ever having to fight.
541:
By the time
Pachomius died, eight monasteries and several hundred monks followed his guidance. Within a generation, cenobic practices spread from Egypt to Palestine and the Judean Desert, Syria, North Africa and eventually Western Europe. The number of monks, rather than the number of monasteries,
478:
Fasts and work were apportioned according to the individual's strength. Each monk received the same food and clothing. Common meals were provided, but those who wished to absent themselves from them were encouraged to do so, and bread, salt, and water were placed in their cells. In the
Pachomian
46:
332:, at age 21, Pachomius was swept up against his will in a Roman army recruitment drive, a common occurrence during this period of turmoil and civil war. With several other youths, he was put onto a ship that floated down the
418:
would go on to become the center for monasteries springing up along the Nile in Upper Egypt. Both of these are believed to have initially been abandoned villages, which were then repurposed for
Pachomius’ vision of his
384:, Egypt. His elder brother John joined him, and soon more than 100 monks lived nearby. Pachomius set about organizing these cells into a formal organization. Until then, Christian
304:"falcon", originally "divine image". Into Greek, it was adopted as Παχούμιος and Παχώμιος. By Greek folk etymology, it was sometimes interpreted as "broad-shouldered" from
369:, or cells, where holy men who were physically or mentally unable to achieve the rigors of Anthony's solitary life would live in a community setting. According to the
2627:
444:
435:
visited and wished to ordain him in 333, but
Pachomius fled from him. Athanasius' visit was probably a result of Pachomius' zealous defence of orthodoxy against
711:
392:
with male or female monastics living in individual huts or caves and meeting only for occasional worship services. Pachomius created the community or
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98:
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1049:
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organization, in which male or female monastics lived together and held their property in common under the leadership of an
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851:
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530:), Pachomius called the monks, strengthened their faith, and failed to appoint his successor. Pachomius then died on
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978:
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2011:
2001:
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2141:
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1986:
1956:
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2111:
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2026:
1991:
1916:
1376:
683:
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2136:
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1996:
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1936:
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2016:
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1976:
1951:
1941:
1901:
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265:, he is remembered as a renewer of the church, along with his contemporary (and fellow desert saint),
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2006:
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Pachomius continued as abbot to the cenobites for some thirty years. During an epidemic (probably
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1718:
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1389:
950:
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448:
290:
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896:""Venerable Pachomius the Great, Founder of Coenobitic Monasticism", Orthodox Church in America"
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visited, then took many of
Pachomius' ideas, which he adapted and implemented in Caesarea.
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that told him to build a dwelling for the hermits to come to. An earlier ascetic named
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1708:
1638:
1555:
1512:
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1038:
974:
934:
847:
822:
765:
764:. Cistercian Studies Series. Vol. 45. Kalamazoo, Mich: Cistercian Publications.
616:
495:
440:
354:
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510:
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2239:
2224:
1808:
1798:
1738:
1693:
1683:
1522:
1439:
1424:
1409:
1404:
1328:
1273:
1136:
559:
428:
410:, though enlarged several times, soon became too small and a second was founded at
266:
254:
187:
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301:
2471:
2431:
2426:
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1733:
1633:
1598:
1399:
1193:
966:
926:
667:
282:
258:
234:
166:
156:
109:
1043:
653:
491:
2617:
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2466:
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2436:
2411:
2314:
2274:
1828:
1728:
1648:
1472:
1419:
1198:
1188:
870:
584:
535:
527:
432:
223:
1074:
1009:
The
Monastic Landscape of Late Antique Egypt: an Archaeological Reconstruction
844:
The
Monastic Landscape of Late Antique Egypt: an Archaeological Reconstruction
2672:
2534:
2406:
1818:
1813:
1758:
1743:
1603:
1593:
1502:
1497:
791:
731:
579:
337:
910:"Duffy, Patrick. "St Pachomius (292–346) founder of communities for monks",
762:
Pachomian Koinonia: The life of Saint Pachomius and his disciples (volume 1)
2612:
2391:
2259:
1946:
1763:
1698:
564:
515:
2529:
2366:
1843:
1778:
1768:
1703:
1507:
1429:
1002:
Desert Christians: An Introduction to the Literature of Early Monasticism
547:
423:(network of monasteries). After 336, Pachomius spent most of his time at
329:
300:- at the beginning is the Coptic definite article), from Middle Egyptian
262:
125:
113:
70:
995:
Ascetics, Society, and the Desert: Studies in Early Egyptian Monasticism
819:
Ascetics, Society, and the Desert: Studies in Early Egyptian Monasticism
2381:
2356:
2194:
1803:
1628:
385:
431:
for nearby shepherds, neither he nor any of his monks became priests.
2544:
2521:
2386:
2371:
1793:
1608:
1361:
1283:
1228:
1113:
519:
487:
394:
381:
345:(Chenoboskion) in Upper Egypt and was converted and baptized in 314.
246:
2564:
2376:
2289:
2214:
1853:
1467:
1253:
1223:
436:
342:
2652:
2451:
1773:
1658:
1578:
1462:
1366:
1356:
1341:
1263:
1243:
1203:
1121:
407:
380:
Pachomius established his first monastery between 318 and 323 at
358:
321:
66:
2637:
2559:
2486:
2481:
2171:
1823:
1788:
1713:
1351:
1248:
1233:
1173:
483:
403:
357:, whose practices he imitated until Pachomius heard a voice in
350:
134:
1065:
Opera Omnia by Migne Patrologia Latina with analytical indexes
2584:
2446:
2299:
1858:
1653:
1492:
1213:
1208:
1183:
1178:
1163:
1131:
1126:
399:
366:
325:
250:
74:
32:
971:
Pachomius: the Making of a Community in Fourth-Century Egypt
2324:
1218:
424:
415:
411:
333:
211:
208:
202:
193:
172:
94:
45:
161:
15 May (Catholic Benedictines, Eastern Orthodox, Anglican)
2328:
608:
245:, is generally recognized as the founder of Christian
502:
adapted and incorporated parts of it in their rules.
214:
199:
1070:
Hypothetical reconstruction of a Pachomian monastery
190:
205:
196:
729:
969:(University of California Press, Berkeley 1985),
365:had created a number of proto-monasteries called
2670:
997:. Trinity Press International ISBN 9781563382697
261:churches mark his feast on 15 May or 28 May. In
1104:
1011:. Cambridge University Press ISBN 9781316614082
821:. Trinity Press International. pp. 27–28.
253:churches celebrate his feast day on 9 May, and
789:
546:first Christian to use and recommend use of a
1090:
602:
1004:. Oxford University Press ISBN 9780195162233
785:
783:
781:
755:
753:
615:. American Univ in Cairo Press. p. 33.
328:, Egypt) to pagan parents. According to his
1039:Coptic Orthodox Synaxarium (Book of Saints)
846:. Cambridge University Press. p. 161.
612:Christianity and Monasticism in Upper Egypt
140:Monastery of Saint Pachomius (Luxor), Egypt
1097:
1083:
447:, or Ascetica, is still used today by the
50:Father of Spiritual Communal Monastic Life
44:
865:
863:
778:
750:
725:
723:
721:
706:
704:
841:
816:
759:
509:
469:
458:
349:Pachomius set out to lead the life of a
241:; c. 292 – 9 May 348 AD), also known as
955:The World of Late Antiquity: AD 150–750
514:Painting of Pachomius the Great in the
2671:
860:
718:
701:
672:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 25.
482:His rule was translated into Latin by
427:. Though Pachomius sometimes acted as
171:Hermit in a garb, Hermit crossing the
1078:
1044:Page of the "Saint Pachomius Library"
665:
609:Gawdat Gabra; Hany N. Takla (2010).
494:followed the Rule of St. Pachomius.
676:
505:
13:
987:
654:15/28 Мая. Православный календарь.
14:
2740:
2709:Founders of Christian monasteries
2694:4th-century Christian theologians
1015:
2651:
1145:
320:Pachomius was born in c. 292 in
186:
1046:(contains sources in full text)
960:
944:
920:
902:
888:
835:
810:
659:
644:
629:
1:
1679:Faustus, Abibus and Dionysius
1022:The Rule Of Pachomius: Part 1
595:
2689:4th-century Christian saints
451:, comparable to that of the
7:
1106:Saints in the Coptic church
1007:Hedstrom, D. L. B. (2021).
842:Hedstrom, D. L. B. (2021).
712:""St. Pachomius", Faith ND"
684:"Saint Pachomius the Great"
666:Crum, Walter Ewing (1939).
553:
341:He moved to the village of
10:
2745:
1143:
462:
375:Bohairic Life of Pachomius
371:Bohairic Life of Pachomius
238:
175:on the back of a crocodile
122:Oriental Orthodox Churches
97:, Roman Egypt (modern-day
21:Pachomius (disambiguation)
18:
2646:
2583:
2520:
2323:
2170:
1867:
1554:
1521:
1453:
1375:
1327:
1282:
1154:
1112:
760:Veilleux, Armand (1980).
243:Saint Pachomius the Great
227:
165:
144:
131:
105:
81:
60:
55:
43:
30:
2704:Egyptian Christian monks
1689:Gabriel Abdel El-Metgaly
993:Goehring, J. E. (1999).
817:Goehring, J. E. (1999).
730:Francis Joseph Bacchus.
639:Ὁ Ὅσιος Παχώμιος ὁ Μέγας
2714:Saints from Roman Egypt
2658:Christianity portal
2315:Yousab el-Abah of Girga
1719:Hor, Besoy, and Daydara
1704:George Bishop of Assiut
1614:Basilides and Potamiana
798:. Catholic Encyclopedia
738:. Catholic Encyclopedia
570:Book of the First Monks
542:may have reached 7000.
449:Eastern Orthodox Church
315:
272:
118:Eastern Orthodox Church
2512:Theodora of Alexandria
2507:Theodorus of Tabennese
2417:Macarius of Alexandria
2337:Abdel Messih El-Makari
2270:Narcissus of Jerusalem
2230:Gregory of Neocaesarea
2190:Alexander of Jerusalem
1395:James, son of Alphaeus
931:The World of Byzantium
523:
2729:Pachomian monasteries
2598:Clement of Alexandria
1624:Chrysanthus and Daria
1400:James, son of Zebedee
1000:Harmless, W. (2004).
641:. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
590:Pachomian monasteries
513:
470:Rule of St. Pachomius
465:Pachomian monasteries
459:Pachomian monasteries
388:had been solitary or
296:"eagle or falcon" (ⲡ
2633:Maximus and Domatius
2492:Samuel the Confessor
2285:Paphnutius of Thebes
2280:Paphnutius of Scetis
2220:Gregory of Nazianzus
2215:Eusebius of Caesarea
2210:Epiphanius of Cyprus
1839:Theodore Stratelates
1834:Theodora and Didymus
1669:Elias and companions
1488:Priscilla and Aquila
1478:Phoebe the Deaconess
790:Gilbert Huddleston.
453:Rule of St. Benedict
414:. This monastery at
355:St. Anthony of Egypt
19:For other uses, see
2628:Three Holy Children
2442:Pachomius the Great
2402:Isidore of Pelusium
2260:Karas of California
2235:Ignatius of Antioch
1644:Cyprian and Justina
1589:Alexandrian Martyrs
1564:21 Martyrs of Libya
688:fatheralexander.org
669:A Coptic Dictionary
308:"thick, large" and
38:Pachomius the Great
2699:4th-century Romans
2347:Abraham of Farshut
2310:Severian of Gabala
2305:Serapion of Thmuis
2295:Porphyrius of Gaza
2290:Polycarp of Smyrna
2245:James of Jerusalem
2205:Cyril of Jerusalem
1060:Catholic-forum.com
1055:Earlychurch.org.uk
575:Coptic monasticism
524:
500:Benedict of Nursia
2666:
2665:
2603:Didymus the Blind
2422:Macarius of Egypt
2362:Anthony the Great
2352:Abraham of Scetis
2265:Mikhaeil of Asyut
2255:John of Jerusalem
2200:Basil of Caesarea
2180:Abadiu of Antinoe
1749:Marina the Martyr
1709:George El Mozahem
1639:Cosmas and Damian
1513:Seventy disciples
1292:Mary, Our Lady of
941:(audio recording)
622:978-977-416-311-1
445:This ascetic rule
441:Basil of Caesarea
324:(near modern-day
179:
178:
106:Venerated in
73:(near modern-day
2736:
2656:
2655:
2623:Simon the Tanner
2497:Sisoes the Great
2397:Isaac of Nineveh
2275:Nicholas of Myra
2240:Jacob of Nisibis
2225:Gregory of Nyssa
2185:Abraam of Faiyum
1684:Felix and Regula
1329:Seven Archangels
1274:John the Baptist
1149:
1099:
1092:
1085:
1076:
1075:
981:
964:
958:
953:(Norton, 1971),
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912:Catholic Ireland
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657:
656:. Pravoslavie.ru
652:
648:
642:
637:
633:
627:
626:
606:
560:Anthony of Egypt
538:(9 May 348 AD).
506:Death and legacy
267:Anthony of Egypt
255:Eastern Orthodox
240:
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137:
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48:
28:
27:
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2719:Miracle workers
2669:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2650:
2642:
2579:
2516:
2472:Paul the Simple
2432:Moses the Black
2427:Marina the Monk
2342:Abib and Apollo
2319:
2166:
1863:
1754:Maspero Martyrs
1734:John of Senhout
1550:
1517:
1449:
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1323:
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1141:
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1103:
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988:Further reading
985:
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967:Philip Rousseau
965:
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949:
945:
927:Kenneth W. Harl
925:
921:
908:
907:
903:
894:
893:
889:
879:
877:
871:"St. Pachomius"
869:
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854:
840:
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829:
815:
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732:"St. Pachomius"
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496:Basil the Great
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336:and arrived at
318:
275:
269:on 17 January.
189:
185:
160:
157:Coptic Orthodox
151:
132:
124:
120:
116:
112:
110:Catholic Church
93:
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85:
65:
51:
39:
36:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2724:Desert Fathers
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2502:Tekle Haymanot
2499:
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2474:
2469:
2467:Paul of Tammah
2464:
2462:Paul of Thebes
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2437:Nilus of Sinai
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2412:John the Dwarf
2409:
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2300:Psote of Ebsay
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2195:Amun of Scetis
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1999:
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796:newadvent.org
793:
792:"Monasticism"
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771:0-87907-845-6
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736:newadvent.org
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455:in the West.
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249:monasticism.
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63:
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34:
29:
26:
22:
2613:Habib Girgis
2585:Other saints
2441:
2392:Mother Irini
2157:Macarius III
2052:Alexander II
2012:Theodosius I
2002:Dioscorus II
1977:Theophilus I
1962:Athanasius I
1008:
1001:
994:
979:0-52005048-7
973:, pp. 74–75
970:
962:
954:
946:
930:
922:
911:
904:
890:
878:. Retrieved
874:
843:
837:
818:
812:
800:. Retrieved
795:
761:
740:. Retrieved
735:
691:. Retrieved
687:
678:
668:
661:
651:(in Russian)
646:
631:
611:
604:
565:St. Benedict
544:
540:
525:
516:Curtea Veche
481:
477:
473:
420:
393:
389:
379:
374:
370:
347:
319:
312:"shoulder".
297:
293:
286:
278:
276:
242:
230:
181:
180:
99:Faw al-Qibli
25:
2142:Gabriel VII
2132:Macarius II
2102:Michael III
2007:Timothy III
1987:Dioscorus I
1957:Alexander I
1927:Demetrius I
1784:Nag Hammadi
1523:Evangelists
1390:Bartholomew
951:Peter Brown
548:prayer rope
330:hagiography
263:Lutheranism
126:Lutheranism
114:Anglicanism
71:Roman Egypt
2684:348 deaths
2679:292 births
2673:Categories
2608:Euphrosyne
2550:Paphnutius
2522:Anchorites
2382:Horsiesius
2112:Cosmas III
2092:Michael II
2057:Theodore I
2037:Benjamin I
2032:Andronicus
2027:Anastasius
1992:Timothy II
1917:Agrippinus
1799:Philotheos
1694:Gallicanus
1629:Chiaffredo
1584:Abaskhiron
1114:Patriarchs
636:(in Greek)
596:References
532:14 Pashons
386:asceticism
167:Attributes
153:14 Pashons
2545:Onuphrius
2477:Petronius
2387:Hospitius
2372:Bashnouna
2137:Matthew I
2122:Zacharias
2107:Gabriel I
2097:Cosmas II
2082:Simeon II
2062:Michael I
1997:Peter III
1972:Timothy I
1937:Dionysius
1907:Markianos
1794:Philomena
1674:Epimachus
1634:Colluthus
1619:Catherine
1609:Bashnouna
1599:Apollonia
1455:Disciples
1362:Sarathiel
1284:Theotokos
1239:Zechariah
1229:Zephaniah
520:Bucharest
488:Honoratus
408:Tabennisi
395:cenobitic
382:Tabennisi
359:Tabennisi
279:Pachomius
277:The name
247:cenobitic
231:Pakhomios
182:Pachomius
92:9 May 348
88:348-05-09
2618:Candidus
2565:Shenouda
2457:Patapios
2377:Hilarion
2162:Cyril VI
2147:John XIV
2127:Cyril II
2087:Joseph I
2047:Simeon I
2017:Peter IV
1967:Peter II
1932:Heraclas
1912:Celadion
1854:Wadamoun
1849:Veronica
1829:Theoclia
1664:Dorothea
1493:Silvanus
1483:Philemon
1468:Barnabas
1420:Matthias
1377:Apostles
1357:Zedekiel
1254:Jeremiah
1224:Habakkuk
1156:Prophets
1032:, &
957:, pp. 99
929:(2001),
880:17 March
875:ewtn.com
802:17 March
742:17 March
693:17 March
554:See also
437:Arianism
421:Koinonia
390:eremitic
363:Macarius
343:Sheneset
259:Catholic
228:Παχώμιος
101:, Egypt)
77:, Egypt)
2593:Ambrose
2575:Zosimas
2452:Parsoma
2172:Bishops
2152:Cyril V
2117:Abraham
2072:Mark II
2067:John IV
2042:Agathon
1982:Cyril I
1952:Peter I
1942:Theonas
1902:Eumenes
1887:Avilius
1882:Anianus
1774:Mohrael
1759:Maurice
1659:Demiana
1604:Barbara
1594:Arianus
1579:Abanoub
1556:Martyrs
1531:Matthew
1503:Timothy
1498:Stephen
1463:Apollos
1415:Matthew
1367:Ananiel
1347:Raphael
1342:Gabriel
1337:Michael
1317:Zeitoun
1302:Belarus
1264:Ezekiel
1244:Malachi
1204:Obadiah
1122:Abraham
322:Thebaid
67:Thebaid
56:Founder
2638:Verena
2570:Thomas
2560:Pijimi
2540:Misael
2487:Poemen
2482:Pishoy
2022:Damian
1922:Julian
1897:Justus
1892:Kedron
1877:Mark I
1824:Thecla
1789:Otimus
1764:Memnon
1744:Malati
1714:Gereon
1699:George
1574:Abāmūn
1569:Abāmūn
1445:Thomas
1435:Philip
1385:Andrew
1352:Suriel
1312:Warraq
1307:Poland
1297:Assiut
1269:Daniel
1259:Baruch
1249:Isaiah
1234:Haggai
1174:Samuel
1137:Joseph
1034:Part 4
1030:Part 3
1026:Part 2
977:
937:
850:
825:
768:
619:
528:plague
492:Lérins
484:Jerome
429:lector
404:abbess
351:hermit
338:Thebes
287:pakhōm
283:Coptic
281:is of
251:Coptic
235:Coptic
135:shrine
133:Major
64:c. 290
2530:Karas
2447:Pambo
2367:Awgin
2325:Monks
2077:James
1869:Popes
1859:Wanas
1844:Varus
1809:Sarah
1779:Moura
1769:Menas
1654:Dasya
1508:Titus
1440:Simon
1430:Peter
1214:Nahum
1209:Jonah
1194:Micah
1184:Hosea
1179:David
1164:Moses
1132:Jacob
1127:Isaac
534:, 64
400:abbot
377:22).
367:lavra
353:near
326:Luxor
306:παχύς
294:akhōm
289:from
239:Ⲡⲁϧⲱⲙ
224:Greek
150:9 May
146:Feast
75:Luxor
33:Saint
2555:Paul
2535:Mary
2357:Amun
2329:nuns
2327:and
1804:Rais
1546:John
1541:Luke
1536:Mark
1425:Paul
1410:Jude
1405:John
1219:Noah
1199:Joel
1189:Amos
975:ISBN
935:ISBN
882:2018
848:ISBN
823:ISBN
804:2018
766:ISBN
744:2018
695:2018
617:ISBN
498:and
425:Pbow
416:Pbow
412:Pbow
334:Nile
316:Life
310:ὦμος
291:ⲁϧⲱⲙ
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