57:. Wilson's aim was to broker an agreement to end the bloody violence, which a number of historians see as the pretext for the ouster of Madero. Huerta changed his allegiance, now also plotting to oust Madero. The terms of the pact were that DĂaz recognize Huerta as provisional president of Mexico, with Huerta allowing DĂaz to name Huerta's cabinet, presumably with his own supporters. They further agreed that rather than holding quick elections, they would be delayed and that Huerta would support DĂaz's candidacy. The agreement was concluded while Madero remained President of Mexico, but the U.S. Ambassador's actions strongly influenced Madero's decision to resign. According to Ambassador Wilson's memoirs, he took the action on his own account without consultation, seeing the U.S. embassy as being neutral ground for the rival generals. The signed agreement with the backing of the U.S. Ambassador persuaded President Madero and Vice President
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to resign. They were arrested and they had the expectation of going into exile, as ex-President
Porfirio DĂaz had done in May 1911. But the two men were murdered during their transfer from the National Palace to Lecumberri National Penitentiary. Once in power, Huerta reneged on his agreement with
44:
put up a desultory effort to combat the rebels, which some see as a "phony war". Ambassador Wilson brought together the two rival generals whose forces were responsible for the destruction, Huerta, head of the
Mexican
40:("Decena Trágica") forces opposed to Madero had bombarded the center of Mexico City with artillery fire, with the loss of civilian life and destruction of buildings. Madero's main military man General
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32:. Wilson had been opposed to Madero's government from its beginning and had done everything he could to undermine it. In a period of the
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DĂaz for power-sharing and elections. DĂaz went into exile. The elections promised in the pact never occurred.
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The Secret War in Mexico: Europe, the United States, and the
Mexican Revolution
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The Secret War in Mexico: Europe, the United States, and the
Mexican Revolution
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24:, is a February 19, 1913 agreement brokered by U.S. Ambassador to Mexico
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during the coup to oust democratically-elected
Mexican President
136:
Holden, Robert H. "Introduction to 'Pact of the
Embassy'",
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Latin
America and the United States: A Documentary History
49:, in whom Madero had misplaced his trust, and General
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United States involvement in the
Mexican Revolution
124:Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture
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140:. New York: Oxford University Press 2011, 101
121:Grieb, Kenneth J. "The Pact of the Embassy".
188:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1981.
112:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1981.
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217:1910s coups d'Ă©tat and coup attempts
162:Henderson, Peter V.N. "FĂ©lix DĂaz".
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90:Zolov, Eric. "Henry Lane Wilson".
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59:JosĂ© MarĂa Pino Suárez
22:Pact of the Ciudadela
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30:Francisco I. Madero
18:Pact of the Embassy
202:Mexican Revolution
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66:See also
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