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Palaungic languages

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The Palaungic family includes at least three branches, with the position of some languages as yet unclear. Lamet, for example, is sometimes classified as a separate branch. The following classification follows that of
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homeland was adjacent to the Palaungic homeland, resulting in many lexical borrowings among the two branches due to intense contact. Sidwell (2014) suggests that the word for 'water' (Proto-Palaungic *ʔoːm), which
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of the ancestral Austroasiatic consonants, with the distinction often shifting to the following vowel. In the Wa branch, this is generally realized as
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loanwords. Sidwell (2015:12) believes it likely groups within East Palaungic. On the other hand, Sidwell (2015) considers
179:— but these developed from vowel length and the nature of final consonants, not from the voicing of initial consonants. 168: 160: 1103: 888: 1180: 1058:
Sidwell, Paul (2021). "Classification of MSEA Austroasiatic Languages". In Sidwell, Paul; Jenny, Mathias (eds.).
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A Phonological Description of Meung Yum and Phonological Comparison of Meung Yum with Three Wa Dialects in China
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Proto Palaungic Phonology: Reconstructing Vowel Lengths and Qualities in a Partially Restructured System
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for his Northern Mon-Khmer branch, was likely borrowed from Palaungic into Khmuic.
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The following classification follows the branching given by Sidwell (2010, ms).
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The Palaungic Languages: Classification, Reconstruction and Comparative Lexicon
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The Languages and Linguistics of Mainland Southeast Asia: A Comprehensive Guide
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The Palaungic Languages: Classification, Reconstruction and Comparative Lexicon
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RWAAI (Repository and Workspace for Austroasiatic Intangible Heritage)
457:(De'ang: Shwe / Gold Palaung, Pale / Ruching / Silver Palaung, Rumai) 156: 86: 977:
A Sociolinguistic Survey of Selected Meung Yum and Savaiq Varieties
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Sidwell (2015:12) provides a revised classification of Palaungic.
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Cheeseman, Nathaniel; Hall, Elizabeth; Gordon, Darren (2015).
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Sidwell (2014) proposes an additional branch, consisting of:
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Diagnostic Palaungic lexical innovations as identified by
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Austroasiatic Languages: Essays in Honour of H. L. Shorto
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Most of the Palaungic languages lost the contrastive
237:& Zide (1992), as quoted in Sidwell (2009:131). 1128: 194:(homeland) was in what is now the border region of 2790: 973: 1104:"A Selective Palaungic Linguistic Bibliography" 1062:. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 179–206. 1013:(M.A. thesis). Payap University. Archived from 983:(M.A. thesis). Payap University. Archived from 953:(M.A. thesis). Payap University. Archived from 1003: 1188: 874:"Hu – A Language with Unorthodox Tonogenesis" 640:to be the most divergent Palaungic language. 227: 27:Subgroup of the Austroasiatic language family 1168:Palaungic languages in RWAAI Digital Archive 142: 2626:(unclassified; possibly a language isolate) 1202: 920:"Three Austroasiatic Branches and the ASJP" 426:as well, instead of grouping them with the 1195: 1181: 1051: 1024: 871: 702:(Bulang, Plang/Samtao, Kawa, Kontoi, etc.) 632:is clearly Palaungic, but contains many 1145: 1079: 1057: 1030: 999: 997: 969: 967: 917: 856: 14: 2791: 1101: 769: 120:Map (in French) of Palaungic languages 1176: 1033:"Khmuic Classification and Homeland" 994: 964: 943: 190:(2015) suggests that the Palaungic 24: 2774:Languages between parentheses are 1550:Northern, Thanh HĂła, Huáșż, Southern 1094: 879:. In Davidson, J. H. C. S. (ed.). 241:Western Palaungic (Palaung–Riang) 25: 2810: 2655:Western Khmer (Chanthaburi Khmer) 1156: 832: 696:(Lawa Bo Luang, Lavua/Luwa, etc.) 623: 433: 222: 159:; in Palaung–Riang, as a two-way 215:had used as one of the defining 114: 655:(Dara’ang, Da’ang, Palay, etc.) 175:, for example, has four tones, 2778:of the language on their left. 937: 911: 865: 850: 13: 1: 872:Svantesson, Jan-Olof (1991). 843: 666:(Riang-Lang, Riang-Sak, etc.) 422:Some researchers include the 2650:Northern Khmer (Surin Khmer) 1117:: xiv–xxxiii. Archived from 7: 182: 177:high, low, rising, falling, 10: 2815: 1102:Gordon, Darren C. (2013). 1043:(1): 47–56. Archived from 947:A Phonology of Muak Sa-aak 836: 289:(perhaps in Palaung–Riang) 228:Diffloth & Zide (1992) 2760: 2710: 2637: 2609: 2574: 2533: 2469: 2460: 2430: 2402: 2381: 2372: 2338: 2317: 2286: 2279: 2250: 2189: 2182: 2169: 2162: 2153: 2119: 2094: 2061: 2023: 1980: 1973: 1952: 1943: 1923: 1892: 1883: 1872: 1842: 1821: 1795: 1786: 1773: 1764: 1739: 1703: 1694: 1674: 1653: 1627: 1594: 1537: 1528: 1503: 1482: 1461: 1452: 1431: 1381: 1358: 1351: 1295: 1219: 1210: 1150:. MĂŒnchen: Lincom Europa. 1068:10.1515/9783110558142-011 974:Myint Myint Phyu (2013). 861:. MĂŒnchen: Lincom Europa. 261:(Silver Palaung, Ruching) 143:Phonological developments 113: 85: 75: 51:Linguistic classification 49: 37: 32: 944:Hall, Elizabeth (2010). 839:Proto-Palaungic language 451:Western (Riang–Palaung) 1204:Austroasiatic languages 1004:Phung Wei Ping (2013). 925:(Draft). Archived from 137:Austroasiatic languages 44:Mainland Southeast Asia 1146:Sidwell, Paul (2015). 1089:. SEALS 20 (Abstract). 1080:Sidwell, Paul (2010). 1031:Sidwell, Paul (2014). 918:Sidwell, Paul (2010). 857:Sidwell, Paul (2015). 252:(Gold Palaung, De'ang) 135:form a branch of the 133:Palaung–Wa languages 2799:Palaungic languages 2723:Proto-Austroasiatic 2443:Southern Nicobarese 1893:Khasi-Pnar-Lyngngam 793:Proto-Austroasiatic 770:Lexical innovations 217:lexical innovations 296:Eastern Palaungic 127:The nearly thirty 2786: 2785: 2770:extinct languages 2633: 2632: 2456: 2455: 2368: 2367: 2364: 2363: 2275: 2274: 2271: 2270: 2149: 2148: 2145: 2144: 2115: 2114: 1939: 1938: 1868: 1867: 1864: 1863: 1760: 1759: 1690: 1689: 1524: 1523: 1448: 1447: 1427: 1426: 1135:Mon-Khmer Studies 1111:Mon-Khmer Studies 1037:Mon-Khmer Studies 830: 829: 448:Palaungic proper 428:Pakanic languages 165:Angkuic languages 125: 124: 16:(Redirected from 2806: 2467: 2466: 2379: 2378: 2284: 2283: 2187: 2186: 2167: 2166: 2160: 2159: 1978: 1977: 1950: 1949: 1890: 1889: 1881: 1880: 1852:(Northern Chong) 1793: 1792: 1771: 1770: 1701: 1700: 1570: 1558: 1535: 1534: 1459: 1458: 1356: 1355: 1217: 1216: 1197: 1190: 1183: 1174: 1173: 1151: 1142: 1125: 1123: 1108: 1090: 1088: 1072: 1071: 1055: 1049: 1048: 1028: 1022: 1021: 1019: 1012: 1001: 992: 991: 989: 982: 971: 962: 961: 959: 952: 941: 935: 933: 931: 924: 915: 909: 908: 906: 905: 899: 893:. Archived from 878: 869: 863: 862: 854: 781: 780: 463:(Riang, Yinchia) 424:Mangic languages 118: 109: 108:(West Palaungic) 105: 99: 98:(East Palaungic) 95: 30: 29: 21: 2814: 2813: 2809: 2808: 2807: 2805: 2804: 2803: 2789: 2788: 2787: 2782: 2781: 2756: 2730:Proto-Palaungic 2713: 2706: 2629: 2605: 2570: 2529: 2452: 2426: 2398: 2360: 2334: 2313: 2267: 2246: 2178: 2141: 2111: 2090: 2057: 2019: 1969: 1935: 1919: 1875: 1860: 1838: 1817: 1788: 1782: 1756: 1735: 1686: 1670: 1649: 1623: 1590: 1564: 1552: 1520: 1499: 1478: 1444: 1423: 1377: 1347: 1291: 1206: 1201: 1159: 1154: 1121: 1106: 1097: 1095:Further reading 1086: 1076: 1075: 1056: 1052: 1029: 1025: 1017: 1010: 1002: 995: 987: 980: 972: 965: 957: 950: 942: 938: 929: 922: 916: 912: 903: 901: 897: 891: 876: 870: 866: 855: 851: 846: 841: 835: 788:Proto-Palaungic 772: 671:East Palaungic 649:West Palaungic 626: 436: 230: 225: 213:GĂ©rard Diffloth 185: 145: 121: 107: 101: 100: 97: 91: 80:Proto-Palaungic 61:Khasi–Palaungic 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 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833:Reconstruction 831: 828: 827: 825: 822: 818: 817: 814: 811: 807: 806: 803: 800: 796: 795: 790: 785: 771: 768: 767: 766: 765: 764: 742: 731: 705: 704: 703: 697: 691: 669: 668: 667: 661: 656: 647: 625: 624:Sidwell (2015) 622: 621: 620: 619: 618: 613: 608: 603: 589: 588: 587: 586: 585: 584: 583: 582: 577: 572: 567: 562: 553: 552: 551: 546: 538: 527: 521: 520: 519: 514: 508: 498: 492: 482: 476: 466: 465: 464: 458: 446: 435: 434:Sidwell (2010) 432: 420: 419: 418: 417: 416: 415: 414: 413: 408: 403: 392: 391: 390: 385: 377: 367: 366: 365: 360: 351: 350: 349: 343: 338: 332: 327: 322: 317: 312: 307: 294: 293: 292: 291: 290: 283: 269: 268: 267: 262: 256: 253: 229: 226: 224: 223:Classification 221: 184: 181: 144: 141: 123: 122: 119: 111: 110: 89: 83: 82: 77: 76:Proto-language 73: 72: 71: 70: 69: 68: 53: 47: 46: 41: 35: 34: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2811: 2800: 2797: 2796: 2794: 2777: 2773: 2771: 2767: 2764: 2763: 2759: 2753: 2752: 2748: 2746: 2745: 2741: 2739: 2738: 2737:Proto-Khmeric 2734: 2732: 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554: 550: 549:Bo Luang Lawa 547: 545: 542: 541: 539: 536: 533: 532: 531: 528: 525: 522: 518: 515: 512: 509: 506: 502: 499: 496: 493: 490: 486: 483: 480: 477: 475: 472: 471: 470: 467: 462: 459: 456: 453: 452: 450: 449: 447: 444: 441: 440: 439: 431: 429: 425: 412: 409: 407: 404: 402:(Standard Wa) 401: 398: 397: 396: 393: 389: 386: 384: 381: 380: 378: 376: 373: 372: 371: 368: 364: 361: 358: 355: 354: 352: 347: 344: 342: 339: 336: 333: 331: 328: 326: 323: 321: 318: 316: 313: 311: 308: 306: 303: 302: 301: 298: 297: 295: 288: 284: 282: 278: 275: 274: 273: 270: 266: 263: 260: 257: 254: 251: 248: 247: 246: 243: 242: 240: 239: 238: 236: 220: 218: 214: 209: 206:, China. The 205: 201: 197: 193: 189: 180: 178: 174: 170: 166: 162: 161:register tone 158: 154: 153:breathy voice 150: 140: 138: 134: 130: 117: 112: 104: 94: 90: 88: 84: 81: 78: 74: 67: 64: 63: 62: 59: 58: 57: 56:Austroasiatic 54: 52: 48: 45: 42: 36: 31: 19: 2765: 2749: 2744:Proto-Aslian 2742: 2735: 2728: 2721: 2621: 2548: 1944: 1731:Phong-Kniang 1147: 1138: 1134: 1119:the original 1114: 1110: 1082: 1059: 1053: 1045:the original 1040: 1036: 1026: 1015:the original 1006: 985:the original 976: 955:the original 946: 939: 927:the original 913: 902:. Retrieved 895:the original 880: 867: 858: 852: 816:*ʔɔːs~*ʔuːs 778:(2021) are: 776:Paul Sidwell 773: 741:, Lua/Khamet 627: 590: 437: 421: 231: 200:Sipsongpanna 188:Paul Sidwell 186: 176: 169:contour tone 163:system. The 146: 132: 128: 126: 65: 40:distribution 2751:Proto-Munda 1565: [ 1553: [ 690:, Vo, etc.) 517:Muak Sa-aak 487:(Kha Kior, 2591:Semaq Beri 2575:Semelaic ( 2473:(Northern) 2374:Nicobarese 2318:Gutob-Remo 2287:Sora-Gorum 2183:Kherwarian 1654:Phong–Liha 1545:Vietnamese 1538:Viet-Muong 1414:Mel-Khaonh 904:2012-03-19 844:References 752:, Buxing, 544:Umpai Lawa 173:U language 38:Geographic 2776:varieties 2768:indicate 2714:languages 2660:Khmer Khe 2537:(Central) 2485:Cheq Wong 2076:QuáșŁng LĂąm 2063:Bit-Khang 2048:Meung Yum 1945:Palaungic 1876:Palaungic 1704:Phay-Pram 1574:in the US 934:(Fig. 23) 754:Quang Lam 746:Bit–Khang 630:Bit–Khang 616:Quang Lam 596:Bit–Khang 575:Meung Yum 513:(Tai Loi) 157:phonation 129:Palaungic 87:Glottolog 66:Palaungic 33:Palaungic 18:Palaungic 2793:Category 2682:Nyah Kur 2586:Mah Meri 2577:Southern 2431:Southern 2412:Nancowry 2251:Santalic 2190:Mundaric 1910:Lyngngam 1822:Southern 1721:Ksingmul 1562:in China 1212:Bahnaric 1141:: i–liv. 750:(Kha)bit 733:Lameet: 537:(Samtao) 511:Mong Lue 481:(P'uman) 353:Lametic 337:(Samtau) 279:proper, 235:Diffloth 192:Urheimat 183:Homeland 103:west2791 93:east2331 2766:Italics 2701:(Pakan) 2689:Pakanic 2623:Kenaboi 2617:Jah Hut 2596:Semelai 2520:Ten'edn 2448:Shompen 2422:Katchal 2417:Camorta 2404:Central 2394:Teressa 2258:Santali 2242:Agariya 2232:Majhwar 2222:Mundari 2137:Tai Loi 2000:Man Met 1982:Angkuic 1960:Palaung 1915:Maharam 1796:Central 1789:(Chong) 1787:Western 1645:ThavÆ°ng 1373:Tampuan 1368:Tariang 1352:Central 1328:Nyaheun 824:*kəÉČaːs 821:‘laugh’ 760:/Khao, 728:Tai Loi 720:Man Met 708:Angkuic 653:Palaung 505:Man Met 497:(Angku) 495:Kon Keu 469:Angkuic 455:Palaung 445:(Khano) 348:(Pouma) 341:Tai Loi 325:Man Met 320:Kon Keu 300:Angkuic 281:Yinchia 245:Palaung 149:voicing 106:  96:  2712:Proto- 2638:Others 2610:Others 2566:Temiar 2561:Semnam 2535:Senoic 2515:Mintil 2510:Minriq 2505:Kintaq 2500:Kensiu 2471:Jahaic 2462:Aslian 2389:Chaura 2356:Kharia 2339:Others 2212:Birhor 2207:Birjia 2120:Others 2086:Bumang 2053:Savaiq 1924:Others 1885:Khasic 1874:Khasi– 1850:Somray 1843:Others 1834:Sa'och 1813:Kasong 1766:Pearic 1752:Mlabri 1740:Others 1696:Khmuic 1675:Others 1635:Maleng 1530:Vietic 1504:Others 1495:Phuong 1454:Katuic 1441:(East) 1432:Others 1404:RaÊŒong 1399:Stieng 1333:Sapuan 1272:Rengao 1267:Bahnar 1262:Sedang 1257:Todrah 1237:Kayong 1232:Halang 887:  810:‘fire’ 802:*ˀƋaːj 762:Bumang 735:Lameet 730:, etc. 700:Bulang 634:Khmuic 611:Bumang 580:Savaiq 559:Paraok 526:(Xmet) 400:Paraok 359:(Xmet) 335:Samtao 255:De'ang 208:Khmuic 204:Yunnan 171:— the 155:vowel 2699:Bugan 2694:Bolyu 2672:Monic 2645:Khmer 2601:Temoq 2556:Semai 2550:SabĂŒm 2544:Lanoh 2525:Wila' 2495:Jedek 2490:Jahai 2480:Batek 2351:Juang 2330:Gutob 2325:Bonda 2309:Lodhi 2304:Juray 2294:Gorum 2280:South 2197:Korwa 2174:Korku 2163:North 2155:Munda 2132:Danau 2107:Kiorr 2102:Lamet 2095:Lamet 2081:KhĂĄng 2033:Blang 1965:Riang 1900:Khasi 1808:Samre 1661:Phong 1586:Nguồn 1581:Mường 1569:] 1557:] 1516:Ta'Oi 1511:Pacoh 1419:Thmon 1409:Mnong 1389:Chrau 1382:South 1313:Laven 1287:Katua 1252:Monom 1247:Takua 1242:KacoÊŒ 1220:North 1122:(PDF) 1107:(PDF) 1087:(PDF) 1018:(PDF) 1011:(PDF) 988:(PDF) 981:(PDF) 958:(PDF) 951:(PDF) 930:(PDF) 923:(PDF) 898:(PDF) 877:(PDF) 805:*mat 799:‘eye’ 784:Gloss 758:Khang 684:Praok 664:Riang 659:Rumai 645:Danaw 638:Danaw 606:KhĂĄng 565:Khalo 540:Lawa 535:Blang 524:Lamet 485:Kiorr 461:Riang 443:Danau 406:Khalo 379:Lawa 375:Blang 357:Lamet 315:Kiorr 305:Angku 287:Danau 277:Riang 272:Riang 265:Rumai 167:have 2667:MáșŁng 2346:GtaÊŒ 2299:Sora 2237:Turi 2227:Koda 2202:Asur 2127:Kuan 2038:Lawa 2025:Waic 2010:Muak 1974:East 1953:West 1905:Pnar 1829:Suoi 1778:Pear 1747:Khmu 1726:OÊŒdu 1711:Prai 1682:Cuối 1666:Liha 1619:Sach 1604:Arem 1596:Chut 1490:Katu 1483:Katu 1462:West 1394:Koho 1363:Alak 1343:Brao 1308:Jru' 1303:Lavi 1296:West 1282:Duan 885:ISBN 813:*Ƌal 694:Lawa 675:Waic 530:Waic 388:Lawa 370:Waic 259:Pale 250:Shwe 198:and 196:Laos 2677:Mon 2438:Car 2263:Kol 2071:Bit 2005:Mok 1931:War 1716:Mal 1640:Kri 1628:Kri 1614:Ruc 1609:MĂ y 1474:Bru 1469:Kuy 1439:Cua 1323:Juk 1318:Su' 1277:HrĂȘ 1227:Jeh 1064:doi 739:Con 724:Mok 688:Awa 601:Bit 570:Awa 555:Wa 501:Mok 489:Con 411:Awa 363:Con 330:Mok 202:in 131:or 2795:: 2217:Ho 2043:Wa 2015:Va 1990:Hu 1567:vi 1555:vi 1338:Oi 1139:44 1137:. 1133:. 1115:42 1113:. 1109:. 1041:43 1039:. 1035:. 996:^ 966:^ 756:, 748:: 744:? 737:, 726:, 718:, 716:Hu 714:, 710:: 686:, 680:Wa 474:Hu 430:. 395:Wa 383:La 310:Hu 285:? 139:. 2579:) 1995:U 1196:e 1189:t 1182:v 1070:. 1066:: 907:. 712:U 682:( 507:) 503:( 491:) 479:U 346:U 20:)

Index

Palaungic
Mainland Southeast Asia
Linguistic classification
Austroasiatic
Khasi–Palaungic
Proto-Palaungic
Glottolog
east2331
west2791

Austroasiatic languages
voicing
breathy voice
phonation
register tone
Angkuic languages
contour tone
U language
Paul Sidwell
Urheimat
Laos
Sipsongpanna
Yunnan
Khmuic
GĂ©rard Diffloth
lexical innovations
Diffloth
Palaung
Shwe
Pale

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