40:
1021:
793:
704:
279:
224:
564:
1283:
731:
451 = 605; 605 + 506 = 1111, so 59 is not a
Lychrel number either. Numbers such as 196 are thought to never become palindromes when this reversal process is carried out and are therefore suspected of being Lychrel numbers. If a number is not a Lychrel number, it is called a "delayed palindrome" (56 has a delay of 1 and 59 has a delay of 3). In January 2017 the number 1,999,291,987,030,606,810 was published in OEIS as
461:
1136:("There and Back": 1927) is an operatic 'sketch' (Op. 45a) in one scene by Paul Hindemith, with a German libretto by Marcellus Schiffer. It is essentially a dramatic palindrome. Through the first half, a tragedy unfolds between two lovers, involving jealousy, murder and suicide. Then, in the reversing second half, this is replayed with the lines sung in reverse order to produce a happy ending.
274:
that reads in four different ways: horizontally or vertically from either top left to bottom right or bottom right to top left. Other palindromes found at
Pompeii include "Roma-Olina-Milo-Amor", which is also written as an acrostic square. Indeed, composing palindromes was "a pastime of Roman landed
879:
columnist O.V. Michaelsen (Ove
Ofteness) include "crew work"/"work crew", "dry yard", "easy", "Funny enough", "Let Bob tell", "new moon", "selfless", "Sorry, Ross", "Talk, Scott", "to boot", "top spot" (also an orthographic palindrome), "Y'all lie", "You're caught. Talk, Roy", and "You're damn mad,
574:
Palindromes often consist of a sentence or phrase, e.g., "A man, a plan, a canal, Panama", "Mr. Owl ate my metal worm", "Do geese see God?", or "Was it a car or a cat I saw?". Punctuation, capitalization, and spaces are usually ignored. Some, such as "Rats live on no evil star", "Live on time, emit
1189:
in several different ways, including retrograde presentation, and two versions may be made in a single program. When the composer revised the work in 2003, he prescribed such a palindromic performance, with the twenty moments first played in a "forwards" version, and then "backwards". Each moment,
730:
exist is an unsolved problem in mathematics about whether all numbers become palindromes when they are continuously reversed and added. For example, 56 is not a
Lychrel number as 56 + 65 = 121, and 121 is a palindrome. The number 59 becomes a palindrome after three iterations: 59 + 95 = 154; 154 +
448:
one, despite many efforts to find others. (Taylor had also composed two other, "rather indifferent", palindromic lines of poetry: "Deer Madam, Reed", "Deem if I meed".) Then in 1848, a certain "J.T.R." coined "Able was I ere I saw Elba", which became famous after it was (implausibly) attributed to
1373:
It is believed that palindromes are also found in proteins, but their role in the protein function is not clearly known. It has been suggested in 2008 that the prevalent existence of palindromes in peptides might be related to the prevalence of low-complexity regions in proteins, as palindromes
1205:
palindrome: not only does each event in the second half of the piece occur according to an axis of symmetry at the centre of the work, but each event itself is reversed, so that the note attacks in the first half become note decays in the second, and vice versa. It is a perfect example of
555:. These possess an initial set of lines which, precisely halfway through, is repeated in reverse order, without alteration to word order within each line, and in a way that the second half continues the "story" related in the first half in a way that makes sense, this last being key.
1263:
is a rectangular piece of sheet music intended to be played by two musicians facing each other across a table with the music between them, with one musician viewing the music upside down compared to the other. The result is somewhat like two speakers simultaneously reading the
1174:
Just as the letters of a verbal palindrome are not reversed, so are the elements of a musical palindrome usually presented in the same form in both halves. Although these elements are usually single notes, palindromes may be made using more complex elements. For example,
39:
1849:
2452:
1580:
2815:
The longest palindromic word in
English has 12 letters: tattarrattat. This word, appearing in the Oxford English Dictionary, was invented by James Joyce and used in his book Ulysses (1922), and is an imitation of the sound of someone
750:
A day or timestamp is a palindrome when its digits are the same when reversed. Only the digits are considered in this determination and the component separators (hyphens, slashes, and dots) are ignored. Short digits may be used as in
44:
409:" 'we go in a circle at night and are consumed by fire' describes the behavior of moths. It is likely that this palindrome is from medieval rather than ancient times. The second word, borrowed from Greek, should properly be spelled
2448:
1877:
535:
There are also word-unit palindromes in which the unit of reversal is the word ("Is it crazy how saying sentences backwards creates backwards sentences saying how crazy it is?"). Word-unit palindromes were made popular in the
769:(yyyy-mm-dd, dd-mm-yyyy, or mm-dd-yyyy) used in various countries. For this reason, this date has also been termed as a "Universal Palindrome Day". Other universal palindrome days include, almost a millennium previously,
1846:
1240:. The purpose of such palindromic balancing is to focus the listener on the central movement, much as one would focus on the centre of the cross in the crucifixion. Other examples are found in Bach's cantata BWV 4,
1221:
in which one line of the melody is reversed in time and pitch from the other. A large-scale musical palindrome covering more than one movement is called "chiastic", referring to the cross-shaped Greek letter
811:
1147:, was extremely interested in symmetries in music, be they horizontal or vertical. An example of horizontal or linear symmetry in Webern's music is the first phrase in the second movement of the
57:
1366:
chromosomes and in the so-called
Bacterial Interspersed Mosaic Elements (BIMEs) scattered over them. In 2003, a research genome sequencing project discovered that many of the bases on the
1130:
consists of thirty-two variations and a fugue on a palindromic theme of Haydn (from the minuet of his
Symphony No. 47). All of Simpson's thirty-two variations are themselves palindromic.
1869:
809:
1123:
1046:, the second half of the minuet is the same as the first but backwards, the second half of the ensuing trio similarly reflects the first half, and then the minuet is repeated.
2838:
1474:
2588:
810:
2083:
131:
in 1638. The concept of a palindrome can be dated to the 3rd-century BCE, although no examples survive. The earliest known examples are the 1st-century CE Latin
3124:
2415:
2906:
52:
1327:(G)), a (single-stranded) sequence of DNA is said to be a palindrome if it is equal to its complementary sequence read backward. For example, the sequence
440:
being something of a "fudge"). This is generally considered the first
English-language palindrome sentence and was long reputed, notably by the grammarian
619:
systems, and is often written as NisiOisiN to emphasize this. Some people have changed their name in order to make it palindromic (including as the actor
2186:
735:, and described as "The Largest Known Most Delayed Palindrome", with a delay of 261. Several smaller 261-delay palindromes were published separately as
3472:
3019:
1303:
instructions. The meaning of palindrome in the context of genetics is slightly different, from the definition used for words and sentences. Since the
1159:
work around the central pitch axis of A4. From this, each downward reaching interval is replicated exactly in the opposite direction. For example, a G
3002:
1429:. When reading a palindrome from left to right, it is, in essence, impossible to locate the "middle" until the entire word has been read completely.
1370:
are arranged as palindromes. A palindrome structure allows the Y-chromosome to repair itself by bending over at the middle if one side is damaged.
251:
verse, which is sometimes said to have been palindromic, since it is sometimes possible to make a sotadean line by reversing a dactylic hexameter.
270:
where the first letters of each word form the first word, the second letters form the second word, and so forth. Hence, it can be arranged into a
3693:
835:
that is identical or roughly identical when reversed. It can arise in context where language is played with, for example in slang dialects like
484:
The most familiar palindromes in
English are character-unit palindromes, where the characters read the same backward as forward. Examples are
2785:...I was just beginning to yawn with nerves thinking he was trying to make a fool of me when I knew his tattarrattat at the door he must ...
2746:"The longest palindrome defined in the OED is 'tattarrattat', meaning 'a knock at the door'. It was used by James Joyce in 'Ulysses'. (2/2)"
2217:
2010:
3148:
936:, a trademarked name for an agricultural machine, is listed in dictionaries as being the longest single-word palindrome. The 9-letter term
2305:
3583:
2937:
2334:
2256:
1928:
3632:
2828:
2125:
3688:
2479:
1994::5780. "Sotadic verse... A palindromic verse; so named apparently from some ancient examples of Sotadean verse being palindromic."
1455:
is defined to be zero if only finitely many prefixes are palindromes; otherwise, letting the palindromic prefixes be of lengths
995:
by
Lawrence Levine (1986, 31,954 words). Another palindromic English work is a 224-word long poem, "Dammit I'm Mad", written by
2584:
3445:
3397:
3365:
3041:
2890:
2808:
2778:
2531:
2510:
Cilleruelo, Javier; Luca, Florian; Baxter, Lewis (19 February 2016). "Every positive integer is a sum of three palindromes".
1004:
742:
Every positive integer can be written as the sum of three palindromic numbers in every number system with base 5 or greater.
2500:"Never Odd Or Even, and Other Tricks Words Can Do" by O.V. Michaelsen (Sterling Publishing Company: New York), 2005 p124-7
2053:
1788:
576:
454:
984:'s "T. Eliot, top bard, notes putrid tang emanating, is sad; I'd assign it a name: gnat dirt upset on drab pot toilet."
3558:
3543:
3529:
3509:
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544:
in the 1960s. Occasional examples in English were created in the 19th century. Several in French and Latin date to the
3116:
3093:
2868:
2708:
2561:
2412:
2396:
1242:
3036:(Mainz, London, Berlin, Madrid, New York, Paris, Prague, Tokyo, Toronto: Schott Musik International, 2008): 164–65.
2914:
1806:
3845:
2027:
1418:
347:
1190:
however, is a complex musical unit, and is played in the same direction in each half of the program. By contrast,
318:
144:
3211:
1604:
of palindromic strings, excluding the trivial one-letter palindromes – otherwise all strings would be palstars.
1230:
2432:
2281:
1127:
765:
A notable palindrome day is this century's 2 February 2020 because this date is a palindrome regardless of the
3592:
432:, but English writers generally cited Latin and Greek palindromic sentences in the early 19th century; though
3625:
2178:
1433:
1152:
1107:(1938) is entitled "Palindromic Prelude". Lambert claimed that the theme was dictated to him by the ghost of
142:(which contains both word and sentence palindromes), and the 4th-century Greek Byzantine sentence palindrome
653:
There are also palindromic names in fictional media. "Stanley Yelnats" is the name of the main character in
3175:
2999:
2977:
854:
3676:
2240:
848:
698:
457:
are: "A man, a plan, a canal – Panama" (1948), "Madam, I'm Adam" (1861), and "Never odd or even" (1930).
17:
3840:
3437:
3241:"A tale of two symmetrical tails: structural and functional characteristics of palindromes in proteins"
1793:
1575:{\displaystyle d_{P}(w)=\left({\limsup _{k\rightarrow \infty }{\frac {n_{k+1}}{n_{k}}}}\right)^{-1}\ .}
1000:
1374:
frequently are associated with low-complexity sequences. Their prevalence might also be related to an
3767:
3600:
3034:
Karlheinz Stockhausen II: Die Werke 1950–1977; Gespräch mit Karlheinz Stockhausen, "Es geht aufwärts"
1115:
890:
802:
441:
196:
128:
2610:
Goertz, Karein K. (2003). "Showing Her Colors: An Afro-German Writes the Blues in Black and White".
3618:
3500:
2684:
2295:
1119:
716:
1076:
2353:
2209:
1226:" (pronounced /ˈkaɪ/.) This is usually a form of reference to the crucifixion; for example, the
1035:
3481:
711:
The digits of a palindromic number are the same read backwards as forwards, for example, 91019;
3428:
Adamczewski, Boris; Bugeaud, Yann (2010), "8. Transcendence and diophantine approximation", in
2182:
2121:
1982:
1118:
also composed music in the palindrome or based on palindromic themes; the slow movement of his
958:
864:
766:
537:
3083:
2798:
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2299:
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from opposite sides, except that it is typically in two-part polyphony rather than in unison.
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is a palindrome using the starting letter of the first name of each of the four band members.
3355:
2945:
2654:
2328:
2246:
1925:
1403:
1176:
980:'s "Doc, note: I dissent. A fast never prevents a fatness. I diet on cod", and Scottish poet
867:
discussed his experience of phonetic palindromes while working on audio tape versions of the
176:
3886:
3520:
3407:
2749:
2106:
1901:
1625:
1277:
981:
872:
832:
323:
164:
3577:
3455:
1185:, originally written in 1964, consists of twenty sections, called "moments", which may be
636:
74:, phrase, or other sequence of symbols that reads the same backwards as forwards, such as
8:
3818:
3792:
3495:
3429:
2409:
Do you give it up?: A collection of the most amusing conundrums, riddles, etc. of the day
1761:
1619:
106:
vendor), is the longest single-word palindrome in everyday use, while the 12-letter term
3316:
3291:
3174:
Giel-Pietraszuk M, Hoffmann M, Dolecka S, Rychlewski J, Barciszewski J (February 2003).
3835:
3655:
3411:
3329:
3267:
3240:
3203:
2635:
2627:
2511:
2475:
2154:
2075:
2019:
1961:
1776:
1673:
1378:
formation propensity of these sequences, or in formation of protein/protein complexes.
1108:
1103:
719:, palindromic numbers with special properties are sought. For example, 191 and 313 are
692:
433:
388:'We explained the glutton who is in the honey was burned and incinerated', credited to
367:
286:
71:
31:
1253:
669:
3823:
3700:
3554:
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3505:
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3321:
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3195:
3156:
3089:
3037:
2886:
2864:
2804:
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2660:
2639:
2392:
2277:
2079:
2049:
1811:
1391:
720:
371:
3415:
3333:
3207:
3146:
Ohno S (1990). "Intrinsic evolution of proteins. The role of peptidic palindromes".
1694:(1893–1977) best known for devising the palindrome "A man, a plan, a canal: Panama!"
1143:
is often palindromic. Webern, who had studied the music of the Renaissance composer
1020:
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3488:
3451:
3385:
3311:
3303:
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3252:
3187:
2619:
2067:
1585:
Among aperiodic words, the largest possible palindromic density is achieved by the
1411:
1407:
1248:
1191:
1095:
1080:
1068:
962:
868:
628:
389:
292:
180:
95:
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3515:
3403:
3351:
3006:
2972:
2833:
2712:
2419:
2338:
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2260:
1932:
1853:
1637:
1613:
1399:
1387:
1237:
1210:
1084:
908:
857:
842:
552:
479:
378:
339:
211:'way, direction'; a different word is used in Greek, καρκινικός 'carcinic' (lit.
168:
116:
1643:
1206:
Goeyvaerts's aesthetics, the perfect example of the imperfection of perfection.
1151:, Op. 21. A striking example of vertical symmetry is the second movement of the
703:
627:), while others were given a palindromic name at birth (such as the philologist
3813:
3705:
3641:
1771:
1685:
1586:
1359:
1144:
996:
727:
331:
295:
278:
248:
3436:, Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications, vol. 135, Cambridge:
3307:
3191:
2745:
2071:
223:
3880:
3860:
3787:
3572:
3389:
1703:
1697:
1667:
1601:
1375:
1287:
1218:
940:
is used by some writers, but appears to be an invented or derived term; only
933:
655:
620:
3380:
Gusfield, Dan (1997), "9.2 Finding all maximal palindromes in linear time",
3257:
2158:
1965:
1922:
Of Anagrams: A Monograph Treating of Their History from the Earliest Ages...
575:
no evil", and "Step on no pets", include the spaces. For more examples, see
3741:
3683:
3325:
3276:
3199:
1746:
1691:
1679:
1661:
1655:
1590:
1367:
1265:
1223:
1156:
1140:
1072:
1064:
1055:
1043:
1031:
977:
895:
660:
640:
612:
541:
436:
had coined one in 1614: "Lewd did I live, & evil I did dwel" (with the
351:
327:
259:
228:
139:
3160:
2705:
2623:
2557:
647:
563:
3762:
3671:
2716:
2058:
1766:
1751:
1649:
1437:
1308:
1260:
1186:
1079:
poem "¿Por qué nací?", the first movement of three in his fourth book of
903:
876:
676:, Girafarig, Farigiraf, Ho-Oh, and Alomomola), as does the region Alola.
616:
545:
334:. The inscription is found on fonts in many churches in Western Europe:
271:
244:
152:
135:
111:
3587:. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 633.
3173:
3055:
Serial Music, Serial Aesthetics: Compositional Theory in Post-war Europe
2326:
The Gazette of the Union, Golden Rule, and Odd Fellows' Family Companion
2023:
2005:
3855:
3777:
3772:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3000:
http://deconstructing-jim.blogspot.com/2010/03/musical-palindromes.html
2631:
1799:
1741:
1631:
1347:
1214:
1050:
823:
632:
600:
588:
343:
156:
665:
335:
3808:
3057:(Cambridge, U.K.; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001): 64–65.
1426:
1422:
1343:
1060:
976:
English palindrome sentences of notable length include mathematician
970:
950:
921:
437:
103:
1417:
In addition, the set of palindromes may not be reliably tested by a
232:
2516:
2367:
Gazette of the Union, Golden Rule and Odd-fellows' Family Companion
1756:
1726:
1721:
1395:
1363:
1355:
1320:
1196:
1148:
948:
appear in the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary; the 9-letter word
929:
753:
643:
624:
567:
450:
267:
172:
132:
3610:
973:
vendor), is the world's longest palindromic word in everyday use.
3828:
3576:
2753:
1731:
1351:
1335:, which is equal to the original sequence in reverse complement.
1324:
1316:
1312:
1282:
712:
596:
592:
398:
393:
359:
255:
240:
160:
87:
82:
460:
2967:
2238:
S(ilvanus) Urban, "Classical Literature: On Macaronic Poetry",
1736:
1296:
1181:
1099:
1039:
837:
377:
A 12th-century palindrome with the same square property is the
363:
355:
91:
396:
question as to whether a fly landing in honey makes the honey
266:'The sower Arepo holds with effort the wheels'. It is also an
3757:
2558:"#PalindromeDay: Geeks around the world celebrate 02/02/2020"
1038:
in G is nicknamed "the Palindrome". In the third movement, a
673:
604:
311:
305:
299:
206:
200:
76:
2431:
Pryor, G.H. (September 1930). "In the Realm of the Riddle".
2006:"The ROTAS "Wheel": Form and Content in a Pompeian Graffito"
1863:
1861:
298:
were often inscribed with the 4th-century Greek palindrome,
231:(in SATOR-form), on a wall in the medieval fortress town of
3384:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 197–199,
1868:
Triantaphylides Dictionary, Portal for the Greek Language.
1300:
736:
732:
680:
2715:, including an acoustic palindrome in example 5 (requires
1843:
The Truth of our Times Revealed out of One Mans Experience
254:
A 1st-century Latin palindrome was found as a graffito at
1858:
1339:
1304:
954:, a language of southern India, is also of equal length.
3239:
Sheari A, Kargar M, Katanforoush A, et al. (2008).
3238:
2680:
987:
In English, two palindromic novels have been published:
3551:
I Love Me, Vol. I: S. Wordrow's Palindrome Encyclopedia
2706:
Reversible audio cut-ups of William S. Burroughs' voice
1155:, Op. 27, in which Webern arranges every pitch of this
3292:"Protein assemblies with palindromic structure motifs"
1867:
1362:
is to produce. They have been specially researched in
3117:"2003 Release: Mechanism Preserves Y Chromosome Gene"
3069:
Jennens vs. Handel: Decoding the Mysteries of Messiah
2585:"Why A Day Like Sunday Hasn't Been Seen In 900 Years"
1945:
The Paradigm of Simias: Essays on Poetic Eccentricity
1477:
591:
Hannah, Ava, Aviva, Anna, Eve, Bob, and Otto, or the
2509:
1897:
1895:
1803:, a genus of spiders with palindromic species names
1311:, and the nucleotides always pair in the same way (
215:) to refer to letter-by-letter reversible writing.
3473:Word Ways: The Journal of Recreational Linguistics
3427:
1574:
1346:. Palindromic motifs are made by the order of the
3536:From A to Zotamorf: The Dictionary of Palindromes
1892:
1165:3—13 half-steps down from A4 is replicated as a B
803:"Une Slave valse nue" played forward and backward
551:There are also line-unit palindromes, most often
383:פרשנו רעבתן שבדבש נתבער ונשרף
322:") 'Wash sin(s), not only face', attributed to
27:Phrases that read the same forwards and backwards
3878:
3349:
3289:
3121:National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)
1507:
1122:is a palindrome, as is the slow movement of his
1059:is a palindrome, as are sections and pieces, in
1024:Centre part of palindrome in Alban Berg's opera
386:perashnu: ra`avtan shebad'vash nitba`er venisraf
30:"Palindromes" redirects here. For the film, see
2681:"Section titled "On Burroughs and Burrows ...""
1075:also used musical palindrome to text paint the
875:. A list of phonetic palindromes discussed by
853:("a Slavic woman waltzes naked"), phonemically
2473:
991:by David Stephens (1980, 58,795 letters), and
473:
464:cartoon using the palindrome "Madam, I'm Adam"
90:" and the sentence: "A man, a plan, a canal –
3626:
3354:(2003), "8.1 Searching for symmetric words",
3066:
2773:. Editions Artisan Devereaux. pp. 434–.
2880:
2377:
2151:Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics
2003:
1958:Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics
599:(1913–1985) was Prime Minister of Cambodia.
199:in 1638. It is derived from the Greek roots
43:The 4th-century Greek Byzantine palindrome:
3382:Algorithms on Strings, Trees, and Sequences
2938:"Celebrate Bob Dylan's Nobel with Weird Al"
2766:
2659:. Les Dossiers de l'Aquitaine. p. 32.
2173:
2171:
1228:
611:) is a palindrome when romanized using the
262:, consists of a sentence written in Latin:
3633:
3619:
3434:Combinatorics, automata, and number theory
2796:
2728:
2437:. Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. p. 60.
2054:"The Sator Rebus: An unsolved cryptogram?"
2011:Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik
888:The longest single-word palindrome in the
195:was introduced by English poet and writer
127:was introduced by English poet and writer
3345:
3343:
3315:
3266:
3256:
2853:
2790:
2760:
2731:Words at play: quips, quirks and oddities
2515:
2320:
2318:
1410:. This means that it is impossible for a
1331:is palindromic because its complement is
218:
151:Palindromes are also found in music (the
3571:
3476:. Greenwood Periodicals et al., 1968–.
3379:
3081:
2935:
2913:. Mathematics Department. Archived from
2168:
2143:
2104:
1837:
1835:
1607:
1589:, which has density 1/φ, where φ is the
1281:
1271:
1019:
702:
587:Some names are palindromes, such as the
562:
558:
459:
277:
222:
38:
3290:Pinotsis N, Wilmanns M (October 2008).
3020:Constant Lambert: Beyond the Rio Grande
2929:
2048:
1007:" is composed entirely of palindromes.
453:(alluding to his exile on Elba). Other
14:
3879:
3360:, World Scientific, pp. 111–114,
3357:Jewels of Stringology: Text Algorithms
3340:
3145:
2980:from the original on 25 September 2021
2652:
2609:
2315:
2274:The Word Circus: A Letter-perfect Book
2207:
2086:from the original on 11 September 2022
2030:from the original on 11 September 2022
883:
831:A phonetic palindrome is a portion of
715:representation is usually assumed. In
416:In English, there are many palindrome
407:In girum imus nocte et consumimur igni
3614:
3421:
3234:
3232:
2482:from the original on 12 February 2013
2455:from the original on 29 December 2022
2430:
2220:from the original on 21 November 2016
2189:from the original on 11 December 2016
1916:
1914:
1870:"Combined word search for καρκινικός"
1832:
1468:=1,2,... we define the density to be
1381:
1295:Palindromic motifs are found in most
1063:, by many other composers, including
171:, the set of all palindromes over an
3127:from the original on 1 December 2017
3088:. New York: Routledge. p. 120.
2960:
2687:from the original on 5 February 2012
2591:from the original on 3 February 2020
2582:
2564:from the original on 2 February 2020
2434:Baltimore and Ohio Employes Magazine
1350:that specify the complex chemicals (
1010:
928:, a chemical term meaning to remove
912:(1922) for a knock on the door. The
595:Harrah, Renner, Salas, and Nenonen.
243:(3rd-century BC) invented a form of
3640:
3139:
2743:
2530:
2287:
1789:List of English palindromic phrases
1421:which also means that they are not
1307:is formed by two paired strands of
672:have palindromic names in English (
577:List of English palindromic phrases
24:
3465:
3229:
3167:
2841:from the original on 10 March 2011
2474:Mark J. Nelson (7 February 2012).
2324:"Ingenious Arrangement of Words",
2042:
1911:
1517:
1414:to reliably test for palindromes.
1015:
791:
570:of the palindrome "Dogma I am God"
326:; most notably in the basilica of
159:) and biological structures (most
49:Wash Your Sins, Not Only Your Face
25:
3898:
3565:
3524:. Charles Scribner's Sons, 1965.
3283:
2936:Twardzik, Tom (25 October 2016).
2534:. 2 February 2020. Archived from
2208:Soclof, Adam (28 December 2011).
1715:
916:gives the title to the 11-letter
2885:. NY: St. Martin's. p. 36.
2131:from the original on 24 May 2022
2107:"An Early Christian Cryptogram?"
1782:
1419:deterministic pushdown automaton
1194:'s 1953 electronic composition,
822:Problems playing this file? See
807:
707:Palindromic license plate number
646:, and the Mexican racing driver
607:writer, whose pseudonym (西尾 維新,
258:. This palindrome, known as the
3373:
3109:
3085:The Craft of Tonal Counterpoint
3075:
3060:
3047:
3026:
3011:
2992:
2899:
2874:
2821:
2803:. Pustak Mahal. pp. 203–.
2737:
2722:
2699:
2673:
2646:
2603:
2576:
2550:
2524:
2503:
2494:
2467:
2441:
2424:
2402:
2387:13 November 1948, according to
2358:
2343:
2266:
2232:
2201:
2098:
1880:from the original on 6 May 2019
1291:A: Palindrome, B: Loop, C: Stem
532:are orders of magnitude rarer.
319:Nipson anomēmata mē monan opsin
283:Nipson anomēmata mē monan opsin
145:nipson anomemata me monan opsin
2859:By Brendan Gill, published in
2383:By Leigh Mercer, published in
1997:
1975:
1950:
1937:
1514:
1494:
1488:
1394:of all palindromes in a given
993:Dr Awkward & Olson in Oslo
512:. The longest common ones are
455:well-known English palindromes
405:The palindromic Latin riddle "
392:in 1924, and referring to the
13:
1:
3504:. Dover Publications, 1973.
3492:. Palindromist Press, 1996–.
2907:"Demetri Martin's Palindrome"
2797:O.A. Booty (1 January 2002).
2583:Held, Amy (2 February 2020).
2349:"Able Was I Ere I Saw Elba",
1825:
1434:longest palindromic substring
1354:) that, as a result of those
264:sator arepo tenet opera rotas
120:) is the longest in English.
45:ΝΙΨΟΝ ΑΝΟΜΗΜΑΤΑ ΜΗ ΜΟΝΑΝ ΟΨΙΝ
2837:. London. 10 November 2010.
2389:The Yale Book of Quotations,
1814:, which has the palindromic
784:
186:
7:
2449:"Google nGrams frequencies"
1710:
1436:of a given input string in
1432:It is possible to find the
871:using recorded readings by
699:Periodic continued fraction
603:is a Japanese novelist and
474:Characters, words, or lines
10:
3903:
3841:Observer-expectancy effect
3553:. Algonquin Books, 1996.
3438:Cambridge University Press
2744:@OED (17 September 2015).
2532:"Universal Palindrome Day"
2391:F. R. Shapiro, ed. (2006,
2250::part 2:34–36 (New Series
2243:, or Monthly Intelligencer
2179:"Longest palindromic word"
1794:List of palindromic places
1398:is a typical example of a
1275:
1243:Christ lag in Todes Banden
696:
690:
686:
520:; longer examples such as
477:
312:
306:
300:
207:
201:
165:palindromic gene sequences
29:
3801:
3768:Paranoiac-critical method
3750:
3714:
3664:
3648:
3601:European Day of Languages
3538:. Word Ways Press, 1992.
3308:10.1007/s00018-008-8265-1
3176:"Palindromes in proteins"
3082:Benjamin, Thomas (2003).
2883:Making the Alphabet Dance
2729:Michaelsen, O.V. (1998).
2214:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
2105:Fishwick, Duncan (1959).
2072:10.1080/0161-110391891919
1089:The Owl and the Pussy Cat
891:Oxford English Dictionary
514:rotator, deified, racecar
382:
285:palindrome, on a font at
3501:Palindromes and Anagrams
3432:; Rigo, Michael (eds.),
3390:10.1017/CBO9780511574931
2829:"Professor Peter Hilton"
2560:. BBC. 2 February 2020.
2296:The New Monthly Magazine
2241:The Gentleman's Magazine
2004:O'Donald, Megan (2018).
1111:, who had died in 1936.
1094:The first movement from
914:Guinness Book of Records
745:
717:recreational mathematics
663:. Five of the fictional
582:
538:recreational linguistics
468:
179:language, but it is not
3584:Encyclopædia Britannica
3258:10.1186/1471-2105-9-274
3192:10.1023/A:1023454111924
3155:(2–3): 287–91, 405–10.
2861:Here At The New Yorker,
2653:Durand, Gerard (2003).
2476:"Word-unit palindromes"
2365:"Doings in Baltimore".
1171:5—13 half-steps above.
924:and past participle of
239:The ancient Greek poet
2183:Guinness World Records
2122:University of Manitoba
1983:The Century Dictionary
1807:Palindromic polynomial
1576:
1292:
1229:
1087:'s final composition,
1028:
959:Guinness World Records
847:
845:, there is the phrase
796:
777:, and in a millennium
767:date format by country
708:
631:, the flamenco dancer
571:
465:
289:
236:
219:Historical development
63:
3005:6 August 2020 at the
2998:A helpful list is at
2881:Eckler, Ross (1996).
2800:Funny Side of English
2711:13 March 2008 at the
2624:10.1353/cal.2003.0045
2373:(2): 30. 8 July 1848.
2337:26 March 2023 at the
2308:26 March 2023 at the
2259:26 March 2023 at the
2149:Alex Preminger, ed.,
1956:Alex Preminger, ed.,
1931:26 March 2023 at the
1874:www.greek-language.gr
1652:(active 1964–present)
1608:Notable palindromists
1577:
1285:
1272:Biological structures
1177:Karlheinz Stockhausen
1077:Federico García Lorca
1023:
795:
758:or long digits as in
706:
639:, the creator of the
566:
559:Sentences and phrases
463:
442:James "Hermes" Harris
338:(St. Menin's Abbey);
281:
226:
51:) on a mosaic in the
42:
3521:Language on Vacation
3350:Crochemore, Maxime;
2767:James Joyce (1982).
2656:Palindromes en Folie
2418:7 April 2023 at the
2312:(July–December 1821)
2165:'palindrome', p. 596
1906:Researches in Greece
1902:William Martin Leake
1852:14 July 2020 at the
1626:Hugo Brandt Corstius
1475:
1447:of an infinite word
1342:sequence may form a
1278:Palindromic sequence
1128:String Quartet No. 9
1124:String Quartet No. 1
1067:, and most famously
932:. The 9-letter word
873:William S. Burroughs
324:Gregory of Nazianzus
3846:Pattern recognition
3819:Clustering illusion
3793:Visual cryptography
3496:Howard W. Bergerson
3296:Cell. Mol. Life Sci
3217:on 14 December 2019
1762:Constrained writing
1670:(fourth century CE)
1620:Howard W. Bergerson
1445:palindromic density
1236:movement of Bach's
1199:(met zuivere tonen)
1091:, is a palindrome.
1049:The interlude from
1001:"Weird Al" Yankovic
967:saippuakivikauppias
884:Longest palindromes
849:une Slave valse nue
679:The 1970s pop band
659:, a 1998 novel and
100:saippuakivikauppias
53:Monastery of Malevi
3656:Subliminal message
3578:"Palindrome"
3534:Stephen J. Chism.
3245:BMC Bioinformatics
3067:Charton, Shawn E.
2385:Notes and Queries,
2354:September 15, 2013
2351:Quote Investigator
2332::30 (July 8, 1848)
2050:Sheldon, Rose Mary
1972:'Sotadean', p. 784
1777:Palindromic number
1674:Velimir Khlebnikov
1572:
1521:
1382:Computation theory
1358:instructions, the
1293:
1109:Bernard van Dieren
1029:
797:
721:palindromic primes
709:
693:Palindromic number
623:and rock-vocalist
572:
466:
372:Hadleigh (Suffolk)
368:St Martin, Ludgate
290:
287:St Martin, Ludgate
247:called Sotadic or
237:
94:". The 19-letter
64:
32:Palindromes (film)
3874:
3873:
3824:Cryptic crossword
3701:Phonetic reversal
3605:Celebrated Sep 26
3597:Several languages
3447:978-0-521-51597-9
3399:978-0-521-58519-4
3367:978-981-02-4897-0
3042:978-3-7957-0249-6
2948:on 13 August 2022
2892:978-0-333-90334-6
2810:978-81-223-0799-3
2780:978-1-936694-38-9
2293:"On Palindromes"
2272:Richard Lederer,
2210:"Jewish Wordplay"
1812:Yreka, California
1568:
1550:
1506:
1451:over an alphabet
1114:British composer
1011:Other occurrences
894:is the 12-letter
812:
16:(Redirected from
3894:
3866:Unconscious mind
3635:
3628:
3621:
3612:
3611:
3607:
3588:
3580:
3549:Michael Donner.
3516:Dmitri A.Borgman
3489:The Palindromist
3459:
3458:
3425:
3419:
3418:
3377:
3371:
3370:
3352:Rytter, Wojciech
3347:
3338:
3337:
3319:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3270:
3260:
3236:
3227:
3226:
3224:
3222:
3216:
3210:. Archived from
3171:
3165:
3164:
3143:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3102:
3079:
3073:
3072:
3064:
3058:
3051:
3045:
3032:Rudolf Frisius,
3030:
3024:
3017:Lloyd, Stephen.
3015:
3009:
2996:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2964:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2953:
2944:. Archived from
2933:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2922:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2878:
2872:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2825:
2819:
2818:
2794:
2788:
2787:
2764:
2758:
2757:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2726:
2720:
2703:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2677:
2671:
2670:
2650:
2644:
2643:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2596:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2554:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2543:
2538:on 6 August 2020
2528:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2507:
2501:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2471:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2460:
2445:
2439:
2438:
2428:
2422:
2411:, London, 1861,
2406:
2400:
2381:
2375:
2374:
2362:
2356:
2347:
2341:
2322:
2313:
2291:
2285:
2270:
2264:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2205:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2175:
2166:
2147:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2130:
2111:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2046:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2001:
1995:
1979:
1973:
1954:
1948:
1941:
1935:
1924:, London, 1862,
1918:
1909:
1899:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1865:
1856:
1839:
1581:
1579:
1578:
1573:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1556:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1548:
1539:
1538:
1523:
1520:
1487:
1486:
1412:finite automaton
1334:
1330:
1234:
1192:Karel Goeyvaerts
1170:
1169:
1164:
1163:
1153:Piano Variations
1126:. His hour-long
1096:Constant Lambert
869:cut-up technique
862:
861:
814:
813:
794:
629:Revilo P. Oliver
390:Abraham ibn Ezra
384:
315:
314:
309:
308:
303:
302:
210:
209:
204:
203:
61:
21:
3902:
3901:
3897:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3892:
3891:
3877:
3876:
3875:
3870:
3797:
3783:Sacred geometry
3746:
3710:
3660:
3644:
3642:Hidden messages
3639:
3591:
3568:
3468:
3466:Further reading
3463:
3462:
3448:
3440:, p. 443,
3430:Berthé, Valérie
3426:
3422:
3400:
3378:
3374:
3368:
3348:
3341:
3288:
3284:
3237:
3230:
3220:
3218:
3214:
3180:J. Protein Chem
3172:
3168:
3144:
3140:
3130:
3128:
3115:
3114:
3110:
3100:
3098:
3096:
3080:
3076:
3065:
3061:
3052:
3048:
3031:
3027:
3016:
3012:
3007:Wayback Machine
2997:
2993:
2983:
2981:
2973:British Library
2966:
2965:
2961:
2951:
2949:
2934:
2930:
2920:
2918:
2917:on 29 June 2010
2911:Yale University
2905:
2904:
2900:
2893:
2879:
2875:
2858:
2854:
2844:
2842:
2834:Daily Telegraph
2827:
2826:
2822:
2811:
2795:
2791:
2781:
2765:
2761:
2742:
2738:
2727:
2723:
2713:Wayback Machine
2704:
2700:
2690:
2688:
2679:
2678:
2674:
2667:
2651:
2647:
2608:
2604:
2594:
2592:
2581:
2577:
2567:
2565:
2556:
2555:
2551:
2541:
2539:
2529:
2525:
2508:
2504:
2499:
2495:
2485:
2483:
2472:
2468:
2458:
2456:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2429:
2425:
2420:Wayback Machine
2407:
2403:
2382:
2378:
2364:
2363:
2359:
2348:
2344:
2339:Wayback Machine
2323:
2316:
2310:Wayback Machine
2292:
2288:
2271:
2267:
2261:Wayback Machine
2237:
2233:
2223:
2221:
2206:
2202:
2192:
2190:
2177:
2176:
2169:
2148:
2144:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2109:
2103:
2099:
2089:
2087:
2047:
2043:
2033:
2031:
2002:
1998:
1980:
1976:
1955:
1951:
1942:
1938:
1933:Wayback Machine
1920:H.B. Wheatley,
1919:
1912:
1900:
1893:
1883:
1881:
1866:
1859:
1854:Wayback Machine
1841:Henry Peacham,
1840:
1833:
1828:
1785:
1718:
1713:
1638:Anthony Etherin
1614:Dmitry Avaliani
1610:
1557:
1544:
1540:
1528:
1524:
1522:
1510:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1482:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1463:
1388:automata theory
1384:
1332:
1328:
1290:
1280:
1274:
1238:Mass in B minor
1211:classical music
1179:'s composition
1167:
1166:
1161:
1160:
1085:Igor Stravinsky
1036:Symphony No. 47
1018:
1016:Classical music
1013:
989:Satire: Veritas
965:19-letter word
886:
855:
843:French language
829:
828:
820:
818:
817:
816:
815:
808:
805:
798:
792:
787:
760:2 February 2020
748:
728:Lychrel numbers
701:
695:
689:
585:
561:
482:
480:Reversible poem
476:
471:
340:Dulwich College
301:ΝΙΨΟΝ ΑΝΟΜΗΜΑΤΑ
296:baptismal fonts
233:Oppède-le-Vieux
221:
189:
169:automata theory
55:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3900:
3890:
3889:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3832:
3831:
3821:
3816:
3814:Asemic writing
3811:
3805:
3803:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3754:
3752:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3718:
3716:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3708:
3706:Reverse speech
3703:
3698:
3697:
3696:
3691:
3681:
3680:
3679:
3668:
3666:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3658:
3652:
3650:
3646:
3645:
3638:
3637:
3630:
3623:
3615:
3609:
3608:
3589:
3575:, ed. (1911).
3573:Chisholm, Hugh
3567:
3566:External links
3564:
3563:
3562:
3559:978-1565121096
3547:
3544:978-0963515209
3532:
3530:978-0006523086
3513:
3510:978-0486206646
3493:
3485:
3467:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3446:
3420:
3398:
3372:
3366:
3339:
3302:(19): 2953–6.
3282:
3228:
3166:
3138:
3108:
3094:
3074:
3059:
3046:
3025:
3023:(2014), p. 258
3010:
2991:
2959:
2928:
2898:
2891:
2873:
2852:
2820:
2809:
2789:
2779:
2759:
2752:) – via
2736:
2721:
2698:
2672:
2666:978-2846220361
2665:
2645:
2618:(2): 306–319.
2602:
2575:
2549:
2523:
2502:
2493:
2466:
2440:
2423:
2401:
2376:
2357:
2342:
2314:
2286:
2265:
2231:
2200:
2167:
2142:
2097:
2066:(3): 233–287.
2041:
1996:
1990:'Sotadic', p.
1974:
1949:
1936:
1910:
1891:
1857:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1822:
1820:Yrella Gallery
1809:
1804:
1796:
1791:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1779:
1774:
1772:Mirror writing
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1717:
1716:Related topics
1714:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1707:
1701:
1695:
1689:
1686:Demetri Martin
1683:
1682:(c. 1914–1979)
1677:
1671:
1665:
1659:
1653:
1647:
1641:
1635:
1629:
1623:
1617:
1609:
1606:
1587:Fibonacci word
1583:
1582:
1571:
1563:
1560:
1555:
1547:
1543:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1509:
1508:lim sup
1504:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1485:
1481:
1459:
1427:LL(k)-parsable
1423:LR(k)-parsable
1383:
1380:
1338:A palindromic
1286:Palindrome of
1276:Main article:
1273:
1270:
1145:Heinrich Isaac
1134:Hin und Zurück
1120:Symphony No. 2
1116:Robert Simpson
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
997:Demetri Martin
885:
882:
819:
806:
801:
800:
799:
790:
789:
788:
786:
783:
747:
744:
697:Main article:
691:Main article:
688:
685:
584:
581:
560:
557:
475:
472:
470:
467:
402:(non-kosher).
332:Constantinople
220:
217:
188:
185:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3899:
3888:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3861:Synchronicity
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3830:
3827:
3826:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3800:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3788:Steganography
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3755:
3753:
3749:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3713:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3686:
3685:
3682:
3678:
3675:
3674:
3673:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3663:
3657:
3654:
3653:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3636:
3631:
3629:
3624:
3622:
3617:
3616:
3613:
3606:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3593:"Palindromes"
3590:
3586:
3585:
3579:
3574:
3570:
3569:
3560:
3556:
3552:
3548:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3531:
3527:
3523:
3522:
3517:
3514:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3502:
3497:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3486:
3483:
3479:
3475:
3474:
3470:
3469:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3431:
3424:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3395:
3391:
3387:
3383:
3376:
3369:
3363:
3359:
3358:
3353:
3346:
3344:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3286:
3278:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3235:
3233:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3186:(2): 109–13.
3185:
3181:
3177:
3170:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3142:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3112:
3097:
3095:0-415-94391-4
3091:
3087:
3086:
3078:
3070:
3063:
3056:
3050:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3029:
3022:
3021:
3014:
3008:
3004:
3001:
2995:
2979:
2975:
2974:
2969:
2963:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2932:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2902:
2894:
2888:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2869:0-306-80810-2
2866:
2862:
2856:
2840:
2836:
2835:
2830:
2824:
2817:
2812:
2806:
2802:
2801:
2793:
2786:
2782:
2776:
2772:
2771:
2763:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2740:
2732:
2725:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2707:
2702:
2686:
2683:. Pfony.com.
2682:
2676:
2668:
2662:
2658:
2657:
2649:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2613:
2606:
2590:
2586:
2579:
2563:
2559:
2553:
2537:
2533:
2527:
2518:
2513:
2506:
2497:
2481:
2477:
2470:
2454:
2450:
2444:
2436:
2435:
2427:
2421:
2417:
2414:
2410:
2405:
2398:
2397:0-300-10798-6
2394:
2390:
2386:
2380:
2372:
2368:
2361:
2355:
2352:
2346:
2340:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2327:
2321:
2319:
2311:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2297:
2290:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2269:
2262:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2244:
2242:
2235:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2204:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2174:
2172:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2146:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2108:
2101:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2060:
2055:
2051:
2045:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2012:
2007:
2000:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1984:
1978:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1953:
1946:
1943:Jan Kwapisz,
1940:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1917:
1915:
1908:, 1814, p. 85
1907:
1903:
1898:
1896:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1864:
1862:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1844:
1838:
1836:
1831:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1783:Related cases
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1719:
1705:
1704:Mark Saltveit
1702:
1699:
1698:Georges Perec
1696:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1668:Su Hui (poet)
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1605:
1603:
1602:concatenation
1599:
1594:
1592:
1588:
1569:
1561:
1558:
1553:
1545:
1541:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1525:
1511:
1502:
1497:
1491:
1483:
1479:
1471:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1439:
1435:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1415:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1379:
1377:
1376:alpha helical
1371:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1336:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1289:
1288:DNA structure
1284:
1279:
1269:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1255:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1233:
1232:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1207:
1204:
1200:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1184:
1183:
1178:
1172:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1139:The music of
1137:
1135:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1112:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1027:
1022:
1008:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
985:
983:
982:Alastair Reid
979:
974:
972:
968:
964:
960:
957:According to
955:
953:
952:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
910:
905:
901:
897:
893:
892:
881:
878:
874:
870:
866:
859:
852:
851:
850:
844:
840:
839:
834:
827:
825:
804:
782:
780:
776:
773:, the future
772:
768:
763:
761:
757:
755:
743:
740:
738:
734:
729:
724:
722:
718:
714:
705:
700:
694:
684:
682:
677:
675:
671:
668:
667:
662:
658:
657:
651:
649:
645:
642:
638:
635:, the runner
634:
630:
626:
622:
621:Robert Trebor
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
580:
578:
569:
565:
556:
554:
549:
547:
543:
540:community by
539:
533:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
481:
462:
458:
456:
452:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
414:
412:
408:
403:
401:
400:
395:
391:
387:
380:
375:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
320:
313:ΜΗ ΜΟΝΑΝ ΟΨΙΝ
297:
294:
288:
284:
280:
276:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
252:
250:
246:
242:
234:
230:
225:
216:
214:
198:
197:Henry Peacham
194:
184:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
149:
148:
146:
141:
137:
134:
130:
129:Henry Peacham
126:
121:
119:
118:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
84:
79:
78:
73:
69:
59:
54:
50:
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
3850:
3684:Hidden track
3604:
3596:
3582:
3550:
3535:
3519:
3499:
3487:
3471:
3433:
3423:
3381:
3375:
3356:
3299:
3295:
3285:
3248:
3244:
3219:. Retrieved
3212:the original
3183:
3179:
3169:
3152:
3147:
3141:
3129:. Retrieved
3120:
3111:
3099:. Retrieved
3084:
3077:
3068:
3062:
3054:
3049:
3033:
3028:
3018:
3013:
2994:
2982:. Retrieved
2971:
2962:
2950:. Retrieved
2946:the original
2941:
2931:
2919:. Retrieved
2915:the original
2910:
2901:
2882:
2876:
2860:
2855:
2843:. Retrieved
2832:
2823:
2814:
2799:
2792:
2784:
2769:
2762:
2739:
2730:
2724:
2701:
2689:. Retrieved
2675:
2655:
2648:
2615:
2611:
2605:
2593:. Retrieved
2578:
2566:. Retrieved
2552:
2540:. Retrieved
2536:the original
2526:
2505:
2496:
2484:. Retrieved
2469:
2457:. Retrieved
2443:
2433:
2426:
2408:
2404:
2388:
2384:
2379:
2370:
2366:
2360:
2350:
2345:
2329:
2325:
2300:
2294:
2289:
2273:
2268:
2251:
2247:
2239:
2234:
2222:. Retrieved
2213:
2203:
2191:. Retrieved
2162:
2159:j.ctt13x0qvn
2150:
2145:
2133:. Retrieved
2117:
2113:
2100:
2090:10 September
2088:. Retrieved
2063:
2057:
2044:
2034:10 September
2032:. Retrieved
2015:
2009:
1999:
1991:
1987:
1981:
1977:
1969:
1966:j.ctt13x0qvn
1957:
1952:
1944:
1939:
1921:
1905:
1882:. Retrieved
1873:
1842:
1819:
1816:Yreka Bakery
1815:
1798:
1747:Antimetabole
1692:Leigh Mercer
1680:J. A. Lindon
1662:Peter Hilton
1656:Pasi Heikura
1644:Simo Frangén
1597:
1595:
1591:Golden ratio
1584:
1465:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1442:
1431:
1416:
1404:context-free
1385:
1372:
1368:Y-chromosome
1337:
1294:
1266:Sator Square
1258:
1252:and Fauré's
1247:
1241:
1227:
1208:
1202:
1195:
1180:
1173:
1157:dodecaphonic
1141:Anton Webern
1138:
1133:
1132:
1113:
1102:
1093:
1088:
1073:George Crumb
1065:James Tenney
1054:
1048:
1032:Joseph Haydn
1030:
1025:
992:
988:
986:
978:Peter Hilton
975:
966:
956:
949:
945:
941:
937:
925:
917:
913:
907:
902:, coined by
900:tattarrattat
899:
896:onomatopoeic
889:
887:
858:ynslavvalsny
846:
836:
830:
821:
778:
774:
770:
764:
759:
752:
749:
741:
725:
710:
678:
664:
654:
652:
641:Eden Project
637:Anuța Cătună
613:Kunrei-shiki
609:Nishio Ishin
608:
586:
573:
550:
542:J. A. Lindon
534:
530:tattarrattat
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
483:
445:
444:, to be the
429:
425:
421:
417:
415:
410:
406:
404:
397:
385:
381:palindrome,
376:
352:Worlingworth
328:Hagia Sophia
317:
291:
282:
263:
260:Sator Square
253:
238:
229:Sator square
212:
205:'again' and
192:
190:
177:context-free
150:
143:
140:Sator Square
124:
122:
115:
108:tattarrattat
107:
99:
86:, the date "
81:
75:
67:
65:
48:
36:
3887:Palindromes
3763:Hidden text
3694:pregap list
3672:Backmasking
3221:17 February
3131:21 November
3053:M J Grant,
2921:17 February
2733:. Sterling.
2486:18 November
2459:29 December
2263:(July 1830)
2224:21 November
2059:Cryptologia
1767:Eodermdrome
1752:Backmasking
1700:(1936–1982)
1676:(1885–1922)
1664:(1923–2010)
1650:Baby Gramps
1628:(1935–2014)
1622:(1922–2011)
1616:(1938–2003)
1438:linear time
1348:nucleotides
1309:nucleotides
1299:or sets of
1261:table canon
1246:, Handel's
1069:Béla Bartók
918:detartrated
904:James Joyce
877:word puzzle
865:John Oswald
617:Nihon-shiki
589:given names
546:Middle Ages
526:kinnikinnik
434:John Taylor
272:word square
245:Ionic meter
153:table canon
136:word square
112:James Joyce
70:is a word,
56: [
18:Palindromic
3856:Simulacrum
3851:Palindrome
3836:Easter egg
3778:Psychorama
3773:Pareidolia
3742:Cryptology
3737:Bible code
3732:Theomatics
3727:Numerology
3722:Chronogram
3456:1271.11073
3149:Riv. Biol.
2595:3 February
2568:2 February
2542:3 February
2517:1602.06208
2282:0877793549
2245:, London,
2193:12 January
2135:13 October
1947:, p. 62-68
1826:References
1800:Palindroma
1742:Anastrophe
1632:Noam Dovev
1406:, but not
1231:Crucifixus
1215:crab canon
1051:Alban Berg
946:redivision
926:detartrate
824:media help
779:03/03/3030
775:12/12/2121
771:11/11/1111
633:Sara Baras
601:Nisio Isin
478:See also:
348:St. Mary's
344:Nottingham
193:palindrome
157:crab canon
125:palindrome
88:22/02/2022
68:palindrome
62:in Greece.
3809:Apophenia
3482:0043-7980
2640:161346520
2124:: 29–41.
2080:218542154
2018:: 77–91.
1706:(b. 1961)
1688:(b. 1973)
1658:(b. 1963)
1646:(b. 1963)
1640:(b. 1981)
1634:(b. 1974)
1559:−
1518:∞
1515:→
1364:bacterial
1323:(C) with
1315:(A) with
1104:Horoscope
1081:Madrigals
1061:arch form
1053:'s opera
1003:'s song "
971:soapstone
951:Malayalam
938:redivider
934:Rotavator
930:tartrates
922:preterite
841:. In the
785:In speech
661:2003 film
648:Noel León
522:redivider
438:ampersand
293:Byzantine
275:gentry".
213:crab-like
191:The word
187:Etymology
123:The word
104:soapstone
3881:Category
3416:61800864
3334:29569626
3326:18791850
3317:11131741
3277:18547401
3208:28294669
3200:12760415
3125:Archived
3101:14 April
3003:Archived
2984:7 August
2978:Archived
2845:30 April
2839:Archived
2709:Archived
2691:23 April
2685:Archived
2612:Callaloo
2589:Archived
2562:Archived
2480:Archived
2453:Archived
2416:Archived
2335:Archived
2306:Archived
2303::170–173
2276:, 1998,
2257:Archived
2218:Archived
2187:Archived
2153:, 1965,
2126:Archived
2084:Archived
2052:(2003).
2028:Archived
2024:26603971
1986:, 1889,
1960:, 1965,
1929:Archived
1878:Archived
1850:Archived
1845:, 1638,
1757:Chiasmus
1727:Anadrome
1722:Ambigram
1711:See also
1402:that is
1400:language
1396:alphabet
1352:proteins
1333:TGGATCCA
1329:ACCTAGGT
1321:Cytosine
1197:Nummer 5
1187:permuted
1168:♭
1162:♯
1149:symphony
942:redivide
754:11/11/11
726:Whether
644:Tim Smit
625:Ola Salo
593:surnames
568:Ambigram
451:Napoleon
420:such as
394:halachic
268:acrostic
249:Sotadean
235:, France
173:alphabet
163:include
133:acrostic
3829:Anagram
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