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up to 21 km long current valley glaciers are restricted to mountain massifs exceeding 5600 m in height, during the last glacial period the glacier ice covered the high plateau with its set-up highland relief, continuing west of
Mustagh Ata and Kongur. From this glacier area an outlet glacier has flowed down to the north-east through the Gez valley up to c.1850 m asl (meters above sea level) and thus as far as to the margin of the Tarim basin. This outlet glacier received inflow from the Kaiayayilak glacier from the Kongur north flank. From the north-adjacent Kara Bak Tor (Chakragil, c. 6800 or 6694 m) massif, the Oytag valley glacier in the same exposition flowed also down up to c. 1850 m asl. At glacial times the glacier snowline (ELA) as altitude limit between glacier nourishing area and ablation zone, was about 820 to 1250 metres lower than it is today. Under the condition of comparable proportions of precipitation there results from this a glacial depression of temperature of at least 5 to 7.5 °C.
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3069:"The question of the natural boundaries of Pamir is debatable. Normally Pamir is regarded as covering the territory from Trans-Alay Range to the north, Sarykol Range to the east, Lake Zorkul, Pamir River, and the upper reaches of Panj River to the south, and the meridional section of the Panj valley to the west; to the north-west Pamir includes the eastern parts of Peter the Great and Darvaz ranges."
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of
Mustagh Ata (7620 m) and Kongur Tagh (Qungur Shan, 7578, 7628 or 7830 m) are situated, shows from the western margin of the Tarim Basin an east–west extension of c. 200 km. Its north–south extension from King Ata Tagh up to the northwest Kunlun foothills amounts to c.170 km. Whilst the
2657:. From about 1868 to 1880, a number of Indians in the British service secretly explored the Panj area. In 1873 the British and Russians agreed to an Afghan frontier along the Panj River. From 1871 to around 1893 several Russian military-scientific expeditions mapped out most of the Pamirs (
2504:. Approximately 12,500 km (ca. 10%) of the Pamirs are glaciated. Glaciers in the Southern Pamirs are retreating rapidly. Ten percent of annual runoff is supposed to originate from retreating glaciers in the Southern Pamirs. In the North-Western Pamirs, glaciers have almost stable
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vaguely describes a trade route through the area. From about 600 CE, Buddhist pilgrims travelled on both sides of the Pamirs to reach India from China. In 747 a Tang army was on the Wakhan River. There are various Arab and
Chinese reports.
2812:
featured articles on the possibilities for tourism in the Pamir area of
Tajikistan. 2013 proved to be the most successful year ever for tourism in the region and tourism development continues to be the fastest growing economic sector.
2869:, establishment of military bases by the US, Russia, and India, and renewed interest in trade development and resource exploration. The Chinese government says it has resolved most of the disputes it had with Central Asian countries.
138:
75:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
802:
surrounded by mountains. It forms when a glacier or ice field melts leaving a rocky plain. A pamir lasts until erosion forms soil and cuts down normal valleys. This type of terrain is found in the east and north of the
3819:. With a supplement to the second edition of The Hunza and Nagyr Handbook. And an Epitome of Part III of the author's “The Languages and Races of Dardistan”. First Reprint 1978. Manjusri Publishing House, New Delhi.
3817:
Dardistan in 1866, 1886 and 1893: Being an
Account of the History, Religions, Customs, Legends, Fables and Songs of Gilgit, Chilas, Kandia (Gabrial) Yasin, Chitral, Hunza, Nagyr and other parts of the Hindukush
3412:
The High
Glacial (Last Ice Age and LGM) glacier cover in High- and Central Asia. Accompanying text to the mapwork in hand with detailed references to the literature of the underlying empirical investigations.
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that he was on their territory and later escorted a
Lieutenant Davidson out of the area ('Pamir Incident'). In 1892 a battalion of Russians under Mikhail Ionov entered the area and camped near the present
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2853:, a prehistoric trackway, and have been subject to numerous territorial conquests. The Northern Silk Road (about 2,600 km (1,616 mi) in length) connected the ancient Chinese capital
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New findings concerning the Ice Age (LGM) glacier cover of the East Pamir, of the Nanga Parbat up to the
Central Himalaya and of Tibet, as well as the Age of the Tibetan Inland Ice.
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1979:
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Tibet and High Asia (IV). Results of
Investigations into High Mountain Geomorphology. Paleo-Glaciology and Climatology of the Pleistocene. GeoJournal, 42, (2–3), pp. 87–257.
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3414:
Ehlers, J., Gibbard, P. L. (Eds.). Extent and
Chronology of Glaciations, Vol. 3 (Latin America, Asia, Africa, Australia, Antarctica). Amsterdam, Elsevier B.V., pp. 175–199.
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The Pamir region is home to several different cultures, peoples and languages. In some of these languages, the Pamir Mountains are referred by different names.
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is 60.5 km in length. Measurements are from recent imagery, generally with Russian 1:200,000 scale topographic mapping for reference as well as the 1990
181:
3109:
Social and Economic Change in the Pamirs (Gorno-Badakhshan, Tajikistan): Translated from German by Nicola Pacult and Sonia Guss with support of Tim Sharp
3079:
Arnaud, N. O.; Brunel, M.; Cantagrel, J. M.; Tapponnier, P. (1993). "High cooling and denudation rates at Kongur Shan, Eastern Pamir (Xinjiang, China)".
3587:
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The Pamirs; being a narrative of a year's expedition on horseback and on foot through Kashmir, western Tibet, Chinese Tartary, and Russian Central Asia
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This section is based on the book by R. Middleton and H. Thomas: Robert Middleton and Huw Thomas, 'Tajikistan and the High Pamirs', Odyssey Books, 2008
296:
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Jagdish Lal Shastri, Arnold Kunst, G. P. Bhatt, Ganesh Vasudeo Tagare - Oriental literature; Journal of the K.R. Cama Oriental Institute, 1928, p 38
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78:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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The Roof of the World: Being the Narrative of a Journey over the high plateau of Tibet to the Russian Frontier and the Oxus sources on Pamir
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The snow line that separates the snow above from the firn (1 yr old snow) or bare glacier ice below is the equilibrium line altitude (ELA).
2673:). Several local groups asked for Russian protection from Afghan raiders. The Russians were followed by a number of non-Russians including
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Waugh, Daniel C. (1999). "The ‘Mysterious and Terrible Karatash Gorges’: Notes and Documents on the Explorations by Stein and Skrine."
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was discovered in the Pamir Mountains. It was the only such deposit known until the discovery of gem-quality material in the
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found in Egyptian tombs is thought to come from the Pamir area in Badakhshan province of Afghanistan. About 138 BCE
99:
Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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925:(known from 1932 to 1962 as Stalin Peak, and from 1962 to 1998 as Communism Peak), 7,495 m (24,590 ft);
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Uzbek Language "Pamir Tog'i". Its mountains are high and onions grow on them, therefore it is called Onion Range.
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Peak, which was considered to be the highest unreached peak in the territory of former Soviet Union at the time.
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Ren, Meng; Tang, Zihua; Wu, Xinhua; Spengler, Robert; Jiang, Hongen; Yang, Yimin; Boivin, Nicole (2019-06-07).
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in Douglas, E. (ed.) Alpine Journal 2002 (Volume 107), The Alpine Club & Ernest Press, London, pp 199–206.
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The Pamirs. 1:500.000 – A tourist map of Gorno-Badkshan-Tajikistan and background information on the region.
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3847:. Royal Geographical Society, London. Reprint: Elibron Classics Series, Adamant Media Corporation. 2005.
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3426:"The origins of cannabis smoking: Chemical residue evidence from the first millennium BCE in the Pamirs"
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3870:. With an essay on the Geography of the Valley of the Oxus by Colonel Henry Yule. London: John Murray.
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According to Middleton and Thomas, "pamir" is also a geological term. A pamir is a flat plateau or
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3796:. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. p.
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with Kashgar over the Pamir Mountains towards the west, and from there continued to ancient
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3877:. Edinburgh. Edmonston and Douglas. Reprint by Ch’eng Wen Publishing Company. Taipei. 1971.
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2468:: The summits of the Kongur and Muztagata Group are in some sources counted as part of the
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Identity, History and Trans-nationality in Central Asia: The Mountain Communities of Pamir
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George Nathaniel Curzon; The Hindu World: An Encyclopedic Survey of Hinduism, 1968, p 184
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Bernice Glatzer Rosenthal - History; Geographical Concepts in Ancient India, 1967, p 50
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3334:"Bridging Glaciological and Hydrological Trends in the Pamir Mountains, Central Asia"
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Historically, the Pamir Mountains were considered a strategic trade route between
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929:(still unofficially known as Lenin Peak), 7,134 m (23,406 ft); and
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Knoche, Malte; Merz, Ralf; Lindner, Martin; Weise, Stephan M. (2017-06-13).
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345:. They are located at a junction with other notable mountains, namely the
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Dr M. R. Singh - India; Studies in the Proto-history of India, 1971, p 17
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771:. The name "Pamir" is used more commonly in Modern Chinese and loaned as
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were mapped by a German-Soviet expedition under Willi Rickmer Rickmers.
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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Benjamin Walker - Hinduism; Ancient Indian Tradition & Mythology:
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2472:, which would make Pik Ismoil Somoni the highest summit of the Pamir.
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Among the significant peaks of the Pamir Mountains are the following:
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From the Pamirs to Beijing : tracing Marco Polo's northern route
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Pamir = a Persian compilation of pay-I-mehr, the "roof of the world".
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2861:. In the 20th century, these mountains have been the setting for the
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The Geopolitics of South Asia: From Early Empires to the Nuclear Age
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in the Pamir Mountains, including the 77 km (48 mi) long
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3234:"Aga Khan Development Network (2010): Wakhan and the Afghan Pamir"
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during most of the year, the Pamirs have long and bitterly cold
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which is the longest river in the entire country of Afghanistan.
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Red Peak: A Personal Account of the British-Soviet Expedition
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who was probably the first to reach the Wakhan source of the
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3594:. 11 November 2003. Archived from the original on 2007-12-10
2794:, and is the isolated region's main supply route. The Great
404:. To the north, they join the Tian Shan mountains along the
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Afghan's Little Pamir – photos of the life of ethnic Kyrgyz
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Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the People's Republic of China
2774:, the world's second highest international road, runs from
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and left a meager report on the Pamirs. In 1838 Lieutenant
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612:
380:. To the south, they border the Hindu Kush mountains along
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Peaks, Politics and Purges: the First Ascent of Pik Stalin
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Tilman, H. W. (1983). "Two Mountains and a River" part of
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3567:, C.Michael Hogan, the Megalithic Portal, ed. A. Burnham"
3259:, statistical yearbook, Dushanbe, 2006, p. 8, in Russian.
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3194:"The origin of the Chinese name "Onion Range" for Pamir"
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river which rises from the Pamir mountains north of the
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Pamir Mountains from a NASA satellite image, April 2012
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412:. To the east, they extend to the range that includes
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Dagiev, Dagikhudo, and Carole Faucher, eds. (2018).
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Bechan Dube - India; Geographical Data in the Early
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mountain ranges. They are among the world's highest
68:
921:The three highest mountains in the Pamirs core are
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64:
a machine-translated version of the French article.
3532:
2752:use was found in tombs at the Jirzankal Cemetery.
896:Slopes of Pamir Mountains on the Chinese side and
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3423:
3315:Orographic Sketch Map: Karakoram: Sheets 1 and 2
2552:is about 130 mm (5 in), which supports
949:is the highest at 7,649 m (25,095 ft).
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3882:Innermost Asia: travel & sport in the Pamirs
3652:"Huge Market Potential at China-Pakistan Border"
2893:, and is considered to be the center of all the
2592:is the primary source of income for the region.
838:. The Alichur Pamir is around Yashil Kul on the
3317:, Swiss Foundation for Alpine Research, Zurich.
3309:in southern Chile is 66 km long. Kyrgyzstan's
2520:Part of the Pamir Mountain range in springtime.
822:is east of this in the far east of Wakhan. The
3538:
2877:Some researchers identify the Pamirs with the
618:
93:accompanying your translation by providing an
55:Click for important translation instructions.
47:expand this article with text translated from
4511:
4002:
3926:, Vol. 165, No. 3. (Nov., 1999), pp. 306–320.
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3541:"Pamir Mountains, the Crossroads of History"
3154:] (in Chinese). Vol. 2 – via
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420:, in the "Eastern Pamirs", separated by the
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2798:crossed a number of Pamir Mountain ranges.
2568:The East-Pamir, in the centre of which the
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505:Pamir as seen from the map, as well as the
5428:East Turkistan National Awakening Movement
5052:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
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3673:"China's Territorial and Boundary Affairs"
2706:. In 1893 they built a proper fort there (
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3868:A Journey to the Source of the River Oxus
3665:
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881:(slightly to the right) as seen from the
3891:. Robert M. McBride & Co., New York.
3790:Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. Gautam (ed.).
3207:
3112:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 13–14.
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2717:In 1928 the last blank areas around the
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842:. The Sarez Pamir is around the town of
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4631:Protectorate General to Pacify the West
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2837:Climbers near "Peak Communism" in 1978.
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372:Much of the Pamir Mountains lie in the
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846:. The Khargush Pamir is south of Lake
697:, they are referred as "Onion Range" (
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4583:Chief Official of the Western Regions
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3967:Life in Afghanistan's Pamir mountains
3845:The Pamirs and the Source of the Oxus
3789:
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2748:The earliest known evidence of human
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4670:Turkic settlement of the Tarim Basin
3257:Tajikistan: 15 Years of Independence
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2792:Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province
2710:). In 1895 their base was moved to
2500:and the longest glacier outside the
857:is in the south-west of the Pamirs.
29:
4578:Protectorate of the Western Regions
4525:
3940:Verlag "Gecko-Maps", Switzerland (
3539:Isaacson, Andy (17 December 2009).
3515:"The Pamir Mountains of Tajikistan"
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2564:Paleoclimatology during the Ice Age
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576:
559:
24:
5423:East Turkistan Government in Exile
5231:2014 China–Vietnam border shootout
3898:. London. Oxford University Press.
3808:
3703:. Ashgate Publishing. p. 16.
3490:"Official Website of Pamir Travel"
3320:
3196:. Depts.washington.edu. 2002-04-14
2820:Ismoil Somoni Peak (then known as
793:
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25:
5569:
3960:
3311:South Inylchek (Enylchek) Glacier
2881:or Sumeru. The Mount Meru is the
2729:In the early 1980s, a deposit of
530:", presumably a translation from
455:
5558:Landforms of Badakhshan Province
5484:
5473:
5472:
4930:Xinjiang Agricultural University
4482:
4481:
3917:The Severn Mountain Travel Books
3880:Cobbold, Ralph Patteson (1900).
2925:
2911:
2697:. In 1891 the Russians informed
2479:Pamir Mountains from an airplane
2450:
2383:
2316:
2303:
2234:
2163:
2092:
2025:
1956:
1885:
1814:
1801:
1730:
1659:
1588:
1519:
1432:
1361:
1348:
1265:
1184:
1115:
1039:
904:
889:
867:
486:
470:
454:
440:
433:
219:
137:
34:
5256:Persecution of Uyghurs in China
3783:
3774:
3759:
3750:
3741:
3726:
3717:
3690:
3644:
3619:
3555:
3482:
3417:
3404:
3391:
3358:
3287:
3262:
3250:
3151:Commentary on the Water Classic
3037:
526:, they have been known as the "
471:
5533:Mountain ranges of Afghanistan
5176:September 2009 Xinjiang unrest
4800:Second East Turkestan Republic
4754:Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas
3492:. Pamir Travel. Archived from
3377:University of Alaska Southeast
3373:University of Alaska Southeast
3186:
3167:
3161:
3135:
3129:
3099:
3072:
3057:
3020:
3003:
2724:
2653:reached the headwaters of the
2595:
2330:Skalisty Peak (Schugnan Range)
737:growing in the region; In the
719:
710:
702:
103:You may also add the template
27:Mountain range in Central Asia
13:
1:
5548:Mountain ranges of Kyrgyzstan
5543:Mountain ranges of Tajikistan
5068:Apak Khoja and Xiang Fei Tomb
4795:First East Turkestan Republic
4722:Dzungar conquest of Altishahr
3887:Strong, Anna Louise. (1930).
3771:: A Critical Study, 1972, p 2
3050:
2633:may have travelled along the
2584:is mined in the west, though
2548:above the snow line). Annual
2542:Köppen climate classification
441:
169:7,649 m (25,095 ft)
5221:2013 Tiananmen Square attack
5206:Tianjin Airlines Flight 7554
4764:Holy War of the Seven Khojas
3293:In the Karakoram Mountains,
3173:") The Onion Range is 8,000
2755:
2496:, the longest in the former
860:
850:. There are several others.
733:), which is named after the
7:
5538:Mountain ranges of Pakistan
5246:Assassination of Juma Tayir
4935:Xinjiang Medical University
3894:Toynbee, Arnold J. (1961).
3767:
3734:
3697:Chapman, Graham P. (2003).
3239:. p. 3. Archived from
3106:Bliss, Frank (2002-06-01).
3028:Republic of China on Taiwan
2904:
2883:sacred five-peaked mountain
2483:
2076:Peak of the Soviet Officers
2039:Peak of the Soviet Officers
916:
785:
675:
657:
624:
607:
588:
564:
10:
5574:
5450:China–Kyrgyzstan relations
5445:China–Kazakhstan relations
4812:People's Republic of China
4190:Nyenchen Tanglha Mountains
3889:The Road to the Grey Pamir
3738:in Translation, 1969, p 56
3379:. 29 April 2011. p. 2
3366:"Mendenhall Glacier Facts"
3015:political status of Taiwan
2867:China and the Soviet Union
2865:, border disputes between
2801:
2659:Alexei Pavlovich Fedchenko
2576:
2511:
747:
67:Machine translation, like
5518:Landforms of Central Asia
5468:
5390:
5264:
5251:Xinjiang internment camps
5116:
5060:
5039:
4981:
4943:
4915:
4827:
4548:
4534:
4479:
4424:
4345:
4277:
4237:
4106:
4033:
4024:
3912:. HK China Tourism Press.
3901:Slesser, Malcolm (1964).
3611:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
3307:Bruggen or Pio XI Glacier
3162:蔥嶺在敦煌西八千里，其山高大，上生蔥，故曰蔥嶺也。
2961:List of highest mountains
2901:and spiritual universes.
2624:northwest of the Pamirs.
1880:Academy of Sciences Range
1583:Academy of Sciences Range
1427:Academy of Sciences Range
1260:Academy of Sciences Range
938:
779:
773:
681:
651:
619:
600:
582:
288:
254:
228:
217:
212:
173:
163:
153:
148:
136:
131:
49:the corresponding article
5528:Mountain ranges of China
5455:China–Pakistan relations
5236:April 2014 Ürümqi attack
5216:June 2013 Shanshan riots
5146:1997 Ürümqi bus bombings
4907:Lanzhou–Xinjiang railway
4018:Mountain ranges of China
3924:The Geographical Journal
3841:Curzon, George Nathaniel
2996:
2446:Southern Alitschur Range
485:
469:
453:
439:
5553:Physiographic provinces
5523:Mountain ranges of Asia
5211:April 2013 Bachu unrest
5031:Chinese Islamic cuisine
3815:Leitner, G. W. (1890).
3066:Big Soviet Encyclopedia
2986:China–Tajikistan border
2956:List of mountain ranges
2669:and others. Later came
2205:37.889167°N 72.189167°E
2134:37.021092°N 71.715138°E
1927:37.171671°N 72.522898°E
1856:38.810955°N 72.072344°E
1772:39.455812°N 73.566978°E
1319:39.343724°N 72.877536°E
1236:38.943422°N 72.015803°E
1086:38.615833°N 75.195833°E
1010:38.593428°N 75.312560°E
552:Indo-European languages
114:For more guidance, see
105:{{Translated|fr|Pamir}}
5460:China–Turkey relations
5241:May 2014 Ürümqi attack
5171:July 2009 Ürümqi riots
4776:Reconquest of Xinjiang
4636:Four Garrisons of Anxi
3972:Information and photos
3896:Between Oxus and Jumna
3873:Gordon, T. E. (1876).
3793:India through the ages
3629:. Time. Archived from
3588:"India's 'Pamir Knot'"
3565:Silk Road, North China
3450:10.1126/sciadv.aaw1391
3375:. Juneau, Alaska, US:
2838:
2825:
2806:In December 2009, the
2767:
2609:
2604:Expedition in 1982 to
2521:
2480:
1403:39.057317°N 72.00983°E
5440:World Uyghur Congress
5433:Independence movement
5403:Migration to Xinjiang
5196:Pishan hostage crisis
2836:
2819:
2763:
2671:Nikolai Korzhenevskiy
2603:
2519:
2478:
1701:37.1625°N 72.481667°E
1630:38.948563°N 71.8344°E
1285:Abu Ali Ibn Sino Peak
1157:38.275855°N 75.1161°E
197:38.59417°N 75.31333°E
116:Knowledge:Translation
87:copyright attribution
5191:2011 Kashgar attacks
5136:1992 Ürümqi bombings
5088:Grand Bazaar, Ürümqi
4867:Gurbantünggüt Desert
4643:Beiting Protectorate
4067:Tarbagatai Mountains
3929:Horsman, S. (2002).
3866:Wood, John, (1872).
3633:on February 11, 2009
3305:is 63 km long. The
3026:Also claimed by the
2863:Tajikistan Civil War
2714:facing the Afghans.
2699:Francis Younghusband
2210:37.889167; 72.189167
2139:37.021092; 71.715138
1932:37.171671; 72.522898
1861:38.810955; 72.072344
1777:39.455812; 73.566978
1324:39.343724; 72.877536
1241:38.943422; 72.015803
1091:38.615833; 75.195833
1015:38.593428; 75.312560
502:class=notpageimage|
5377:Ghulam Osman Yaghma
5226:2014 Kunming attack
5201:2012 Yecheng attack
5161:2008 Kashgar attack
5061:Visitor attractions
4925:Xinjiang University
4887:Karakoram Mountains
4759:Afaqi Khoja revolts
4665:Kara-Khanid Khanate
4315:Zhongtiao Mountains
4202:Gaoligong Mountains
4170:Bayan Har Mountains
3936:Gecko-Maps (2004).
3908:Wang, Miao (1983).
3442:2019SciA....5.1391R
3301:is 67 km long, and
3165:(quoting from the "
2966:Soviet Central Asia
2941:Tajik National Park
2873:Religious symbolism
2683:the Earl of Dunmore
2538:ET (tundra climate)
2423:37.4006°N 72.8435°E
2418: /
2351: /
2269: /
2200: /
2129: /
2060: /
1991: /
1922: /
1851: /
1767: /
1696: /
1625: /
1554: /
1490:38.51°N 72.354167°E
1485: /
1414:Peak Korzhenevskaya
1408:39.057317; 72.00983
1398: /
1376:Peak Korzhenevskaya
1314: /
1231: /
1152: /
1081: /
1005: /
931:Peak Korzhenevskaya
844:Murghab, Tajikistan
707:traditional Chinese
640:, they are called:
589:Rishta Kūhhoi Pomir
577:رشته کوههای پامیر
554:, they are called:
538:Names and etymology
390:Badakhshan Province
308: /
193: /
5156:2008 Uyghur unrest
5151:2007 Xinjiang raid
5126:1989 Ürümqi unrest
4973:Tocharian clothing
4487:Landforms of China
4459:Yuecheng Mountains
4377:Jingshan Mountains
4257:Changbai Mountains
4217:Qionglai Mountains
4196:Hengduan Mountains
4184:Tanggula Mountains
4062:Borohoro Mountains
4027:Geography of China
3569:. Megalithic.co.uk
3545:The New York Times
3519:The New York Times
2851:Northern Silk Road
2839:
2829:Strategic position
2826:
2768:
2610:
2536:, which equals an
2532:, and short, cool
2522:
2481:
2356:37.6005°N 72.227°E
1706:37.1625; 72.481667
1635:38.948563; 71.8344
1247:Ismoil Somoni Peak
1199:Ismoil Somoni Peak
1180:Muztagh Ata Massif
1162:38.275855; 75.1161
923:Ismoil Somoni Peak
699:simplified Chinese
583:Ришта Кӯҳҳои Помир
543:In other languages
335:range of mountains
202:38.59417; 75.31333
149:Highest point
95:interlanguage link
5500:
5499:
5413:Chinese Turkestan
5186:2011 Hotan attack
5181:2010 Aksu bombing
5166:Shaoguan incident
5118:Xinjiang conflict
5073:Flaming Mountains
4963:Meshrep gathering
4882:Turpan Depression
4877:Taklamakan Desert
4861:Southern Xinjiang
4817:PRC incorporation
4783:Republic of China
4727:Dzungar–Qing Wars
4590:Kingdom of Khotan
4493:
4492:
4471:Western Mountains
4466:Longmen Mountains
4449:Nanling Mountains
4439:Daliang Mountains
4416:Xuefeng Mountains
4389:Jiuling Mountains
4384:Luoxiao Mountains
4332:Yandang Mountains
4309:Taihang Mountains
4303:Lüliang Mountains
4207:Yunling Mountains
4050:Dzungarian Alatau
3919:. Diadem, London.
3627:"The West Is Red"
3410:Kuhle, M. (2004):
3397:Kuhle, M. (1997):
3119:978-0-203-40531-4
3093:10.1029/93TC00767
3063:According to the
3032:Sinkiang Province
2991:Karachukar Valley
2719:Fedchenko Glacier
2679:George Littledale
2663:Nikolai Severtzov
2606:Tartu Ülikool 350
2588:herding in upper
2494:Fedchenko Glacier
2463:
2462:
2274:39.348°N 72.477°E
2065:38.424°N 73.302°E
1559:38.896°N 72.029°E
1501:Independence Peak
1447:Independence Peak
1097:Kungur Tjube Tagh
1058:Kungur Tjube Tagh
943:Pik Korzhenevskoi
883:Karakoram Highway
836:Karakoram Highway
824:Taghdumbash Pamir
753:Cyrillic alphabet
528:Roof of the World
327:
326:
290:Range coordinates
127:
126:
56:
16:(Redirected from
5565:
5488:
5487:
5476:
5475:
4897:Kunlun Mountains
4732:Dzungar genocide
4692:Chagatai Khanate
4655:Uyghur Khaganate
4595:Sixteen Kingdoms
4520:
4513:
4506:
4497:
4496:
4485:
4484:
4411:Wuling Mountains
4399:Wugong Mountains
4372:Wudang Mountains
4158:Kunlun Mountains
4098:Liupan Mountains
4086:Qilian Mountains
4075:Kunlun Mountains
4011:
4004:
3997:
3988:
3987:
3905:. Coward McCann.
3802:
3801:
3787:
3781:
3778:
3772:
3770:
3763:
3757:
3754:
3748:
3745:
3739:
3737:
3730:
3724:
3721:
3715:
3714:
3694:
3688:
3687:
3685:
3684:
3669:
3663:
3662:
3660:
3659:
3648:
3642:
3641:
3639:
3638:
3623:
3617:
3616:
3610:
3602:
3600:
3599:
3584:
3578:
3577:
3575:
3574:
3559:
3553:
3552:
3547:. Archived from
3536:
3530:
3529:
3527:
3526:
3511:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3501:
3486:
3480:
3479:
3469:
3430:Science Advances
3421:
3415:
3408:
3402:
3395:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3370:
3362:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3351:10.3390/w9060422
3329:
3318:
3291:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3280:
3266:
3260:
3254:
3248:
3247:
3245:
3238:
3230:
3219:
3216:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3190:
3184:
3183:
3172:
3171:
3164:
3163:
3147:
3133:
3127:
3126:
3103:
3097:
3096:
3087:(3): 1335–1346.
3076:
3070:
3061:
3044:
3041:
3035:
3024:
3018:
3007:
2935:
2933:Geography portal
2930:
2929:
2928:
2921:
2919:Mountains portal
2916:
2915:
2914:
2824:) taken in 1989.
2687:Wilhelm Filchner
2456:
2454:
2453:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2430:
2429:
2428:37.4006; 72.8435
2424:
2419:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2411:
2389:
2387:
2386:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2363:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2347:
2344:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2309:
2307:
2306:
2298:Trans-Alay Range
2293:
2292:
2290:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2281:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2267:
2266:
2265:
2262:
2240:
2238:
2237:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2219:
2217:
2212:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2196:
2193:
2169:
2167:
2166:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2145:Mayakovskiy Peak
2141:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2125:
2122:
2107:Mayakovskiy Peak
2098:
2096:
2095:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2080:
2079:
2077:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2053:
2031:
2029:
2028:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1987:
1984:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1891:
1889:
1888:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1863:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1844:
1820:
1818:
1817:
1807:
1805:
1804:
1796:Trans-Alay Range
1791:
1790:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1779:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1763:
1760:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1708:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1689:
1665:
1663:
1662:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1637:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1621:
1618:
1594:
1592:
1591:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1552:
1551:
1550:
1547:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1497:
1496:
1495:38.51; 72.354167
1491:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1410:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1391:
1367:
1365:
1364:
1354:
1352:
1351:
1343:Trans-Alay Range
1338:
1337:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1271:
1269:
1268:
1255:
1254:
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1251:
1250:
1248:
1243:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1227:
1224:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1121:
1119:
1118:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1045:
1043:
1042:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1001:
998:
955:
954:
940:
939:Пик Корженевской
908:
893:
871:
788:
782:
781:
776:
775:
770:
769:
764:
763:
750:
749:
745:, it is written
731:
721:
712:
704:
684:
683:
678:
672:
671:
660:
654:
653:
648:
647:
638:Turkic languages
627:
622:
621:
610:
605:
604:
603:
591:
585:
584:
579:
578:
567:
562:
561:
490:
489:
474:
473:
458:
457:
444:
443:
437:
426:Kunlun Mountains
424:valley from the
398:Gilgit-Baltistan
374:Gorno-Badakhshan
323:
322:
320:
319:
318:
313:
309:
306:
305:
304:
301:
275:Gilgit Baltistan
259:Gorno-Badakhshan
255:States/Provinces
223:
208:
207:
205:
204:
203:
198:
194:
191:
190:
189:
186:
141:
129:
128:
106:
100:
73:Google Translate
54:
38:
37:
30:
21:
5573:
5572:
5568:
5567:
5566:
5564:
5563:
5562:
5513:Pamir Mountains
5503:
5502:
5501:
5496:
5464:
5386:
5372:Shirzat Bawudun
5327:Saifuddin Azizi
5260:
5141:Ghulja incident
5112:
5056:
5047:Cotton industry
5035:
4977:
4939:
4911:
4902:Pamir Mountains
4892:Altai Mountains
4823:
4717:Dzungar Khanate
4712:Yarkent Khanate
4544:
4530:
4524:
4494:
4489:
4475:
4454:Jiuyi Mountains
4444:Dalou Mountains
4420:
4367:Dabie Mountains
4341:
4325:Tianmu Mountain
4273:
4262:Wanda Mountains
4247:Greater Khingan
4233:
4222:Daxue Mountains
4212:Ailao Mountains
4133:Pamir Mountains
4110:
4102:
4093:Helan Mountains
4044:Altai Mountains
4029:
4020:
4015:
3963:
3958:
3884:. W. Heinemann.
3823:Murray, Charles
3811:
3809:Further reading
3806:
3805:
3788:
3784:
3779:
3775:
3764:
3760:
3755:
3751:
3746:
3742:
3731:
3727:
3722:
3718:
3711:
3695:
3691:
3682:
3680:
3671:
3670:
3666:
3657:
3655:
3650:
3649:
3645:
3636:
3634:
3625:
3624:
3620:
3604:
3603:
3597:
3595:
3586:
3585:
3581:
3572:
3570:
3561:
3560:
3556:
3537:
3533:
3524:
3522:
3521:. 29 April 2011
3513:
3512:
3508:
3499:
3497:
3488:
3487:
3483:
3436:(6): eaaw1391.
3422:
3418:
3409:
3405:
3396:
3392:
3382:
3380:
3368:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3330:
3321:
3297:is 76 km long,
3295:Siachen Glacier
3292:
3288:
3278:
3276:
3274:www.8000ers.com
3268:
3267:
3263:
3255:
3251:
3243:
3236:
3232:
3231:
3222:
3217:
3208:
3199:
3197:
3192:
3191:
3187:
3134:
3130:
3120:
3104:
3100:
3077:
3073:
3062:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3047:
3042:
3038:
3025:
3021:
3008:
3004:
2999:
2946:Pamir languages
2931:
2926:
2924:
2917:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2875:
2831:
2804:
2758:
2727:
2641:travelled from
2598:
2579:
2566:
2514:
2488:There are many
2486:
2451:
2449:
2434:Kysyldangi Peak
2433:
2431:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2397:Kysyldangi Peak
2384:
2382:
2366:
2364:
2361:37.6005; 72.227
2360:
2358:
2354:
2353:
2350:
2345:
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2317:
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2258:
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2215:
2213:
2209:
2207:
2203:
2202:
2199:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2186:
2164:
2162:
2158:Shakhdara Range
2144:
2142:
2138:
2136:
2132:
2131:
2128:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2115:
2093:
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2075:
2073:
2069:
2067:
2063:
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2059:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2026:
2024:
2006:
2004:
2000:
1998:
1996:37.15°N 73.21°E
1994:
1993:
1990:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1977:
1957:
1955:
1951:Shakhdara Range
1937:
1935:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1924:
1921:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1908:
1886:
1884:
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1774:
1770:
1769:
1766:
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1758:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1731:
1729:
1725:Shakhdara Range
1711:
1709:
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1699:
1698:
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1690:
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1685:
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1682:
1660:
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1500:
1498:
1494:
1492:
1488:
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1484:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1471:
1458:Revolution Peak
1455:
1452:Qullai Istiqlol
1449:
1433:
1431:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1400:
1397:
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996:
994:
992:
991:
962:
919:
912:
909:
900:
894:
885:
872:
863:
814:is around Lake
800:U-shaped valley
796:
794:Geological term
670:پامىر ئېگىزلىكى
545:
540:
520:
519:
518:
504:
498:
497:
496:
495:
491:
483:
482:
481:
475:
467:
466:
465:
459:
451:
450:
449:
445:
386:Wakhan Corridor
331:Pamir Mountains
316:
314:
310:
307:
302:
299:
297:
295:
294:
224:
201:
199:
195:
192:
187:
184:
182:
180:
179:
144:
143:Pamir Mountains
132:Pamir Mountains
123:
122:
121:
104:
98:
57:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5571:
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5560:
5555:
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5540:
5535:
5530:
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5520:
5515:
5498:
5497:
5495:
5494:
5482:
5469:
5466:
5465:
5463:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5436:
5435:
5425:
5420:
5418:East Turkestan
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5394:
5392:
5388:
5387:
5385:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5352:Zhang Chunxian
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5317:Ehmetjan Qasim
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5282:Jahangir Khoja
5279:
5274:
5268:
5266:
5262:
5261:
5259:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
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5218:
5213:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5133:
5131:Barin uprising
5128:
5122:
5120:
5114:
5113:
5111:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
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5037:
5036:
5034:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4987:
4985:
4979:
4978:
4976:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4953:Doppa Festival
4949:
4947:
4941:
4940:
4938:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4921:
4919:
4913:
4912:
4910:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4854:
4844:
4839:
4833:
4831:
4825:
4824:
4822:
4821:
4820:
4819:
4809:
4808:
4807:
4797:
4792:
4791:
4790:
4780:
4779:
4778:
4773:
4771:General of Ili
4768:
4767:
4766:
4756:
4751:
4741:
4736:
4735:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4714:
4709:
4707:Turpan Khanate
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4673:
4672:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4650:Tibetan Empire
4647:
4646:
4645:
4640:
4639:
4638:
4623:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4586:
4585:
4580:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4554:
4552:
4546:
4545:
4535:
4532:
4531:
4523:
4522:
4515:
4508:
4500:
4491:
4490:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4474:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4462:
4461:
4456:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4430:
4428:
4422:
4421:
4419:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4402:
4401:
4396:
4394:Mufu Mountains
4391:
4381:
4380:
4379:
4374:
4364:
4362:Daba Mountains
4359:
4351:
4349:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4339:
4337:Wuyi Mountains
4334:
4328:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4305:
4300:
4299:
4298:
4296:Lang Mountains
4287:
4285:
4275:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4270:
4269:
4267:Qian Mountains
4264:
4254:
4252:Lesser Khingan
4249:
4243:
4241:
4235:
4234:
4232:
4231:
4230:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4192:
4187:
4180:
4179:
4178:
4173:
4166:
4154:
4153:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4130:
4125:
4117:
4115:
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4103:
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4100:
4095:
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4089:
4088:
4083:
4071:
4070:
4069:
4064:
4052:
4047:
4039:
4037:
4031:
4030:
4025:
4022:
4021:
4014:
4013:
4006:
3999:
3991:
3985:
3984:
3974:
3969:
3962:
3961:External links
3959:
3957:
3956:
3949:
3934:
3927:
3920:
3913:
3906:
3899:
3892:
3885:
3878:
3871:
3864:
3838:
3829:. J. Murray. (
3820:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3804:
3803:
3782:
3773:
3758:
3749:
3740:
3725:
3716:
3709:
3689:
3664:
3643:
3618:
3579:
3554:
3551:on 2014-08-11.
3531:
3506:
3481:
3416:
3403:
3390:
3357:
3319:
3286:
3261:
3249:
3246:on 2011-12-25.
3220:
3206:
3185:
3128:
3118:
3098:
3071:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3036:
3019:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2981:Ak-Baital Pass
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2937:
2936:
2922:
2906:
2903:
2874:
2871:
2830:
2827:
2822:Peak Communism
2809:New York Times
2803:
2800:
2757:
2754:
2726:
2723:
2708:Pamirskiy Post
2667:Dmitry Putyata
2622:Fergana Valley
2597:
2594:
2578:
2575:
2565:
2562:
2513:
2510:
2485:
2482:
2461:
2460:
2447:
2444:
2401:
2398:
2394:
2393:
2380:
2379:Schugnan Range
2377:
2334:
2331:
2327:
2326:
2300:
2295:
2279:39.348; 72.477
2252:
2249:
2245:
2244:
2231:
2226:
2183:
2180:
2174:
2173:
2160:
2155:
2112:
2109:
2103:
2102:
2089:
2086:
2070:38.424; 73.302
2043:
2040:
2036:
2035:
2022:
2017:
1974:
1971:
1967:
1966:
1953:
1948:
1905:
1902:
1896:
1895:
1882:
1877:
1834:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1798:
1793:
1750:
1747:
1741:
1740:
1727:
1722:
1712:Karl Marx Peak
1679:
1676:
1674:Karl Marx Peak
1670:
1669:
1656:
1651:
1608:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1585:
1580:
1564:38.896; 72.029
1537:
1534:
1530:
1529:
1516:
1514:Yazgulem Range
1511:
1468:
1465:
1443:
1442:
1429:
1424:
1381:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1345:
1340:
1297:
1294:
1276:
1275:
1262:
1257:
1214:
1211:
1204:Communism Peak
1195:
1194:
1181:
1178:
1135:
1132:
1126:
1125:
1112:
1107:
1064:
1061:
1050:
1049:
1036:
1031:
988:
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914:
913:
910:
903:
901:
895:
888:
886:
873:
866:
862:
859:
795:
792:
759:it is written
748:Памир / Цунлин
691:
690:
682:Памир Егизлики
676:Pamir Ëgizliki
666:
634:
633:
616:
608:Pāmīr Kohistān
597:
573:
544:
541:
539:
536:
500:
499:
493:
492:
484:
477:
476:
468:
461:
460:
452:
447:
446:
438:
432:
431:
430:
325:
324:
292:
286:
285:
256:
252:
251:
230:
226:
225:
218:
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214:
210:
209:
177:
171:
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167:
161:
160:
155:
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150:
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134:
133:
125:
124:
120:
119:
112:
101:
79:
76:
65:
58:
44:
43:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5570:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5510:
5508:
5493:
5492:
5483:
5481:
5480:
5471:
5470:
5467:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5434:
5431:
5430:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5398:Uyghur people
5396:
5395:
5393:
5389:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5362:Salih Hudayar
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5332:Rebiya Kadeer
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5307:Sabit Damolla
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5269:
5267:
5263:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5123:
5121:
5119:
5115:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5093:Id Kah Mosque
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5065:
5063:
5059:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5044:
5042:
5038:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4988:
4986:
4984:
4980:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4950:
4948:
4946:
4942:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4922:
4920:
4918:
4914:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4872:Kumtag Desert
4870:
4868:
4865:
4862:
4858:
4855:
4852:
4848:
4847:Junggar Basin
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4830:
4826:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4813:
4810:
4806:
4805:Ili Rebellion
4803:
4802:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4789:
4788:Xinjiang Wars
4786:
4785:
4784:
4781:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4765:
4762:
4761:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4739:Kumul Khanate
4737:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4719:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4682:Mongol Empire
4680:
4678:
4675:
4671:
4668:
4667:
4666:
4663:
4661:
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4656:
4653:
4651:
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4551:
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4542:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4521:
4516:
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4434:Cang Mountain
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4291:Yin Mountains
4289:
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4108:Qinghai-Tibet
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3946:3-906593-35-5
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3861:1-4021-3090-2
3858:
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3853:1-4021-5983-8
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3729:
3720:
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3710:9781409488071
3706:
3702:
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3693:
3678:
3674:
3668:
3654:. China Daily
3653:
3647:
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3583:
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3558:
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3496:on 2007-09-28
3495:
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3300:
3299:Biafo Glacier
3296:
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3258:
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2777:
2773:
2772:Pamir Highway
2766:
2765:Pamir Highway
2762:
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2746:
2744:
2740:
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2640:
2639:Bento de Goes
2636:
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2587:
2583:
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2555:
2551:
2550:precipitation
2547:
2543:
2540:according to
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2518:
2509:
2507:
2506:mass balances
2503:
2502:polar regions
2499:
2495:
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2448:
2445:
2440:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2392:
2381:
2378:
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2367:Skalisty Peak
2335:
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2329:
2328:
2325:
2312:
2301:
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2250:
2247:
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2232:
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2222:
2184:
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2090:
2087:
2082:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2034:
2023:
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2018:
2013:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1965:
1954:
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1949:
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1668:
1657:
1655:
1654:Peter I Range
1652:
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1609:
1606:
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1291:Kaufmann Peak
1286:
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1128:
1127:
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1113:
1111:
1108:
1103:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1055:
1054:Kongur Jiubie
1052:
1051:
1048:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1027:
989:
986:
983:
979:
976:
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971:
968:
965:
960:
957:
956:
953:
950:
948:
944:
936:
932:
928:
927:Ibn Sina Peak
924:
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902:
899:
892:
887:
884:
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870:
865:
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849:
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722:
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708:
700:
696:
688:
677:
667:
664:
659:
658:Pamir Tooloru
652:Памир Тоолору
646:پامىر توولورۇ
643:
642:
641:
639:
631:
626:
617:
614:
609:
602:پامیر کوهستان
598:
595:
590:
574:
571:
566:
557:
556:
555:
553:
548:
535:
533:
529:
525:
524:Victorian era
516:
515:Helmand River
512:
508:
503:
480:
464:
436:
429:
427:
423:
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415:
411:
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387:
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379:
375:
370:
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364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
321:
312:38.5°N 73.5°E
293:
291:
287:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
257:
253:
250:
246:
242:
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216:
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206:
178:
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117:
113:
110:
102:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
77:
74:
70:
66:
63:
60:
59:
52:
50:
45:You can help
41:
32:
31:
19:
5489:
5477:
5382:Rahile Dawut
5367:Sattar Sawut
5312:Sheng Shicai
5297:Yang Zengxin
5292:Zuo Zongtang
5098:Karakul Lake
5078:Jiaohe ruins
4901:
4744:Qing dynasty
4687:Yuan dynasty
4626:Tang dynasty
4354:
4307:
4194:
4182:
4168:
4156:
4137:
4132:
4120:
4113:Southwestern
4073:
4054:
4042:
4035:Northwestern
3955:. Routledge.
3952:
3937:
3930:
3923:
3916:
3909:
3902:
3895:
3888:
3881:
3874:
3867:
3844:
3826:
3816:
3792:
3785:
3776:
3761:
3752:
3743:
3728:
3719:
3699:
3692:
3681:. Retrieved
3679:. 2003-06-30
3667:
3656:. Retrieved
3646:
3635:. Retrieved
3631:the original
3621:
3596:. Retrieved
3591:
3582:
3571:. Retrieved
3564:
3557:
3549:the original
3544:
3534:
3523:. Retrieved
3518:
3509:
3498:. Retrieved
3494:the original
3484:
3433:
3429:
3419:
3411:
3406:
3398:
3393:
3381:. Retrieved
3372:
3360:
3341:
3337:
3314:
3289:
3277:. Retrieved
3273:
3264:
3256:
3252:
3241:the original
3198:. Retrieved
3188:
3159:
3149:
3142:
3131:
3123:
3108:
3101:
3084:
3080:
3074:
3065:
3059:
3039:
3022:
3005:
2971:Central Asia
2899:metaphysical
2876:
2840:
2821:
2807:
2805:
2790:through the
2769:
2747:
2728:
2716:
2707:
2620:reached the
2614:lapis lazuli
2611:
2580:
2567:
2523:
2487:
2465:
2464:
2285:Leipzig Peak
2248:Leipzig Peak
2229:Rushan Range
2216:Patkhor Peak
2178:Patkhor Peak
2088:Muzkol Range
2020:Wakhan Range
2001:37.15; 73.21
1783:Gora Kurumdy
1745:Gora Kurumdy
1461:
1457:
1451:
1290:
1284:
1207:
1203:
1057:
981:
951:
942:
920:
879:Kongur Tiube
852:
834:west of the
820:Little Pamir
809:
797:
783:
728:
718:
692:
635:
565:Pāmīr Ghrūna
549:
546:
521:
371:
339:Central Asia
330:
328:
91:edit summary
82:
46:
5357:Ilham Tohti
5347:Wang Lequan
5103:Kizil Caves
4857:Tarim Basin
4697:Moghulistan
4677:Qara Khitai
4573:Han dynasty
4176:Amne Machin
3383:24 February
3270:"Dominance"
3137:Li, Daoyuan
3030:as part of
2976:Mount Imeon
2745:, in 2000.
2735:clinohumite
2725:Discoveries
2691:Lord Curzon
2655:Pamir River
2596:Exploration
2590:meadowlands
2524:Covered in
2426: /
2359: /
2277: /
2208: /
2137: /
2068: /
2033:Afghanistan
2007:Koh-e Pamir
1999: /
1938:Engels Peak
1930: /
1900:Engels Peak
1867:Mount Garmo
1859: /
1829:Mount Garmo
1775: /
1704: /
1641:Moscow Peak
1633: /
1603:Moscow Peak
1570:Russia Peak
1562: /
1533:Russia Peak
1493: /
1406: /
1322: /
1283:(new name:
1239: /
1208:Stalin Peak
1160: /
1130:Muztagh Ata
1110:Kongur Shan
1089: /
1034:Kongur Shan
1013: /
982:Kungur Tagh
947:Kongur Tagh
898:Muztagh Ata
877:(left) and
875:Kongur Tagh
855:Pamir River
826:is between
812:Great Pamir
757:Xiao'erjing
741:dialect of
735:wild onions
730:Ts'ung-ling
560:پامیر غرونه
418:Kongur Tagh
406:Alay Valley
382:Afghanistan
315: /
241:Afghanistan
200: /
175:Coordinates
158:Kongur Tagh
5507:Categories
5302:Jin Shuren
5108:Niya ruins
5026:Tunurkawab
4558:Tocharians
4150:Yengisogat
4081:Altyn-Tagh
3843:. (1896).
3683:2017-02-05
3658:2007-08-26
3637:2007-08-26
3598:2007-08-03
3573:2009-08-10
3525:2015-01-08
3500:2007-08-03
3344:(6): 422.
3200:2009-08-10
3179:Dunhuangin
3156:Wikisource
3051:References
2879:Mount Meru
2788:Kyrgyzstan
2780:Tajikistan
2741:region of
2695:Oxus River
2665:, Captain
2637:. In 1602
2635:Panj River
2631:Marco Polo
2618:Zhang Qian
2554:grasslands
2458:Tajikistan
2432: (
2413:72°50′37″E
2410:37°24′02″N
2391:Tajikistan
2365: (
2346:72°13′37″E
2343:37°36′02″N
2324:Kyrgyzstan
2311:Tajikistan
2283: (
2264:72°28′37″E
2261:39°20′53″N
2242:Tajikistan
2214: (
2195:72°11′21″E
2192:37°53′21″N
2171:Tajikistan
2143: (
2124:71°42′54″E
2121:37°01′16″N
2100:Tajikistan
2074: (
2055:73°18′07″E
2052:38°25′26″N
2005: (
1970:Kohi Pamir
1964:Tajikistan
1936: (
1917:72°31′22″E
1914:37°10′18″N
1893:Tajikistan
1865: (
1846:72°04′20″E
1843:38°48′39″N
1822:Kyrgyzstan
1809:Tajikistan
1781: (
1762:73°34′01″E
1759:39°27′21″N
1738:Tajikistan
1710: (
1691:72°28′54″E
1688:37°09′45″N
1667:Tajikistan
1639: (
1620:71°50′04″E
1617:38°56′55″N
1596:Tajikistan
1568: (
1549:72°01′44″E
1546:38°53′46″N
1527:Tajikistan
1499: (
1480:72°21′15″E
1477:38°30′36″N
1440:Tajikistan
1412: (
1393:72°00′35″E
1390:39°03′26″N
1369:Kyrgyzstan
1356:Tajikistan
1328: (
1309:72°52′39″E
1306:39°20′37″N
1280:Lenin Peak
1273:Tajikistan
1245: (
1226:72°00′57″E
1223:38°56′36″N
1202:(formerly
1166: (
1147:75°06′58″E
1144:38°16′33″N
1095: (
1076:75°11′45″E
1073:38°36′57″N
1019: (
1000:75°18′45″E
997:38°35′36″N
840:Gunt River
828:Tashkurgan
725:Wade–Giles
522:Since the
511:Hindu Kush
494:HINDU KUSH
410:Kyrgyzstan
400:region of
378:Tajikistan
376:region of
359:Hindu Kush
343:South Asia
317:38.5; 73.5
263:Osh Region
237:Kyrgyzstan
233:Tajikistan
188:75°18′48″E
185:38°35′39″N
5408:Altishahr
5337:Nur Bekri
5322:Wang Zhen
5287:Yaqub Beg
4917:Education
4851:Dzungaria
4842:Tian Shan
4829:Geography
4749:Qing rule
4406:Huangshan
4320:Mount Tai
4239:Northeast
4145:Argu Tagh
4139:Karakoram
4122:Himalayas
4056:Tian Shan
3592:The Hindu
3458:2375-2548
3081:Tectonics
3011:One China
3009:See also
2796:Silk Road
2756:Transport
2733:-quality
2675:Ney Elias
2651:John Wood
1462:Dreispitz
1456:formerly
1330:Pik Lenin
1289:formerly
1168:Muztagata
969:Sub-range
963:in meters
861:Geography
755:, and in
507:Amu Darya
463:AMU DARYA
367:mountains
351:Karakoram
347:Tian Shan
229:Countries
213:Geography
165:Elevation
109:talk page
51:in French
5479:Category
5272:Amursana
5083:Gaochang
5016:Pamirdin
4702:Kara Del
4605:Göktürks
4600:Gaochang
4527:Xinjiang
3825:(1894).
3607:cite web
3476:31206023
3177:west of
3013:and the
2905:See also
2895:physical
2887:Buddhist
2855:Chang'an
2776:Dushanbe
2750:cannabis
2731:gemstone
2556:but few
2490:glaciers
2484:Glaciers
972:Country
917:Mountain
830:and the
762:پَامِعَر
743:Mandarin
720:Cōnglǐng
630:Sanskrit
513:and the
402:Pakistan
363:Himalaya
361:and the
337:between
283:Xinjiang
279:Pakistan
249:Pakistan
85:provide
5491:Commons
5391:Related
5277:Mingrui
5040:Economy
5011:Youtazi
4991:Dapanji
4983:Cuisine
4945:Culture
4617:Eastern
4613:Western
4568:Xiongnu
4550:History
4541:capital
4356:Qinling
4347:Central
4164:Hoh Xil
3981:Archive
3768:Purāṇas
3735:Purāṇas
3467:6561734
3438:Bibcode
3303:Baltoro
3279:6 April
2951:Pamiris
2859:Parthia
2849:on the
2843:Kashgar
2802:Tourism
2743:Siberia
2704:Murghab
2647:Yarkand
2626:Ptolemy
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1983:37°09′N
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