695:
4294:
149:
1083:
convention to satisfy
Britain on other issues. His rejection of a British offer involving a ten-year lease of Malta prompted the reactivation of the British blockade of the French coast. Bonaparte, who was not fully prepared to resume the war, made moves designed to show renewed preparations for an invasion of Britain. Matters reached a diplomatic crisis point when the British rejected the idea of mediation by Tsar Alexander and, on 10 May, ordered Whitworth to withdraw from Paris if the French did not accede to their demands in 36 hours. Last-minute attempts at negotiation by Talleyrand failed, and Whitworth left France on 13 May. Britain declared war on France on 18 May, thus starting the
56:
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1109:, year XI), the First Consul ordered the arrest of all British males between the ages of 18 and 60 in France and Italy, trapping many travelling civilians. The acts were denounced as illegal by all the major powers. Bonaparte claimed in the French press that the British prisoners that he had taken amounted to 10,000, but French documents compiled in Paris a few months later show that the numbers were 1,181. It was not until the abdication of Bonaparte in 1814 that the last of the imprisoned British civilians were allowed to return home.
4035:
138:
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127:
160:
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487:
672:
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eventually proposed that the
British were to withdraw within three months of signing, with control passed back to a recreated Order of St. John, whose sovereignty was to be guaranteed by all of the major European powers. Left unspecified in that proposal was the means by which the Order would be re-established; it had essentially dissolved upon French seizure of the island in 1798. Furthermore, none of the other powers had been consulted on the matter.
2107:
192:
1078:
retaliation for the breach of the treaty. They falsely claimed that hostile French preparations had forced them into that action and that they were engaged in serious negotiations. To cover up their deception, the ministry issued a sudden ultimatum to France, demanding an evacuation of
Holland and Switzerland and British control of Malta for ten years. The exchange prompted an exodus of foreigners from France, and Bonaparte quickly
4259:
4204:
1049:, Britain's French ambassador, Bonaparte threatened war if Malta was not evacuated and implied that he could have already retaken Egypt. The exchange left Whitworth feeling he was given an ultimatum. In a public meeting with a group of diplomats the following month, Bonaparte again pressed Whitworth, implying that the British wanted war since they were not upholding their treaty obligations. The Russian ambassador,
2119:
475:, the French commissary for prisoners of war in London through whom Bonaparte had made his earlier proposals. Hawkesbury stated that he wanted to open discussions on terms for a peace agreement. Otto, generally under detailed instructions from Bonaparte, engaged in negotiations with Hawkesbury in mid-1801. Unhappy with the dialogue with Otto, Hawkesbury sent diplomat
1027:
in matters on the continent and pointing out that
Switzerland had been occupied by French troops when the treaty was signed. He also demanded for the British government to censor the strongly anti-French British press and to expel French expatriates from British soil. Those demands were perceived in London as affronts to British sovereignty.
998:. For its part, Russia decided that the intervention in Switzerland indicated that Napoleon was not looking toward a peaceful resolution of his differences with the other European powers. Britain was labouring under a sense of loss of control, as well as loss of markets, and was worried by Napoleon's possible threat to its overseas colonies.
598:, its ambassador to France, to represent it in the peace negotiations. He arrived in Amiens on 9 December. The Dutch role in the negotiations was marked by a lack of respect on the part of the French, who thought of them as a "vanquished and conquered" client whose present government "owed them everything".
589:
as well as
Talleyrand, constantly shifted their positions, leaving Cornwallis to write, "I feel it as the most unpleasant circumstance attending this unpleasant business that, after I have obtained his acquiescence on any point, I can have no confidence that it is finally settled and that he will not
1069:
coast in late March. The
Russian foreign minister wrote of the situation, "The intention already expressed by the First Consul of striking blows against England wherever he can, and under this pretext of sending his troops into Hanover Northern Germany ... entirely transforms the nature of this war
1026:
had just congratulated
Bonaparte for withdrawing from there and other places, but the Swiss move increased the belief in his cabinet that Bonaparte was not to be trusted. Bonaparte met British protests over the action with belligerent statements, again denying Britain's right to be formally involved
817:
Two days after signing the treaty, all four parties signed an addendum, specifically acknowledging that the failure to use the languages of all of the signatory powers (the treaty was published in
English and French) was not prejudicial and should not be viewed as setting a precedent. It also stated
656:
British newspaper readers followed the events, presented in strong moralising colours. Hawkesbury wrote of
Bonaparte's action at Lyon that it was a "gross breach of faith" exhibiting an "inclination to insult Europe". Writing from London, he informed Cornwallis that it "created the greatest alarm in
964:
The
Spanish economy, which had been badly affected by the war, began to recover with the advent of peace. Much as it had been at the start of the wars in 1793, Spain remained diplomatically caught between Britain and France, but in the period just after the signing of the Treaty of Amiens, a number
1009:
The British government balked at implementing certain terms of the treaty, such as evacuating their naval presence from Malta. After the initial fervour, objections to the treaty quickly grew in Britain, where it seemed to the governing class that they were making all the concessions and ratifying
1002:
argues that Britain went to war in 1803 out of a "mixture of economic motives and national neuroses – an irrational anxiety about Napoleon's motives and intentions." However, in the long run Napoleon's intentions were hostile to British national interests. Furthermore, Napoleon was not ready for
937:
were among those who brought up to date curious English readers, who had felt starved for unbiased accounts of "a people under the influence of a political change, hitherto unparalleled.... During a separation of ten years, we have received very little account of this extraordinary people, which
1077:
to the Dutch, as stipulated in the Treaty of Amiens, only to countermand them when the Swiss failed to resist. In March 1803, the British ministry received notice that Cape Colony had been reoccupied by the military, and it promptly ordered military preparations to guard against possible French
685:
On 14 March, London, under pressure to finalise the budget, gave Cornwallis a hard deadline. He was to return to London if he could not reach an agreement within eight days. Following a five-hour negotiating session that ended at 3 a.m. on 25 March, Cornwallis and Joseph signed the final
1104:
On 17 May 1803, before the official declaration of war and without any warning, the Royal Navy captured all the French and Dutch merchant ships stationed in Britain or sailing around, seizing more than two million pounds of commodities and taking their crews as prisoners. In response to that
1082:
to the United States to prevent its capture by Britain. Bonaparte made "every concession that could be considered as demanded or even imposed by the British government" by offering to guarantee the integrity of the Ottoman Empire, place Malta in the hands of a neutral third party and form a
969:. Spanish economic interests were further injured when Bonaparte sold Louisiana to the United States, whose merchants competed with those of Spain. Following that sale, Charles wrote that he was prepared to throw off alliance with France: "neither break with France, nor break with England."
667:
Pressure continued to mount on the British negotiators for a peace deal, in part because budget discussions were underway in Parliament, and the prospect of continued war was another significant factor. The principal sticking point in the late negotiations was the status of Malta. Bonaparte
1013:
Actions taken by Bonaparte after the treaty was signed heightened tensions with Britain and signatories to the other treaties. He used the time of peace to consolidate power and reorganise domestic administration in France and some of its client states. His effective annexation of the
977:
Britain ended the uneasy truce created by the Treaty of Amiens when it declared war on France in May 1803. The British were increasingly angered by Napoleon's re-ordering of the international system in Western Europe, especially in Switzerland, Germany, Italy and the Netherlands.
584:
was sent to France with plenipotentiary powers to negotiate a final agreement. The expectation among the British populace that peace was at hand put enormous pressure on Cornwallis, something that Bonaparte realised and capitalised on. The French negotiators, Napoleon's brother
664:, did not arrive in Amiens until early February 1802. After some preliminary negotiations, he proposed to Cornwallis that Britain and Spain make a separate agreement, but Cornwallis rejected that in the belief that would jeopardise the more important negotiations with France.
818:
that the omission of any individual's titles was unintentional and not intended to be prejudicial. The Dutch and French representatives signed a separate convention, clarifying that the Batavian Republic was not to be financially responsible for the compensation paid to the
642:
that covered northern Italy and had been established in 1797. That act violated the Treaty of Lunéville, in which Bonaparte agreed to guarantee the independence of the Italian and other client republics. He also continued to support French General
568:, and other languages. Actors happily depicted the treaty at dinner theatres, vaudeville, and the legitimate stage. In Britain there were illuminations and fireworks. Peace, it was thought in Britain, would lead to the withdrawal of the
483:. By mid-September, written negotiations had progressed to the point that Hawkesbury and Otto met to draft a preliminary agreement. On 30 September, they signed the preliminary agreement in London, which was published the next day.
1003:
war, making it seem an optimal time for Britain to try to stop him. Britain therefore seized upon the Malta issue by refusing to follow the terms of the Treaty of Amiens that required its evacuation of the island.
460:, their distrust of Bonaparte and obvious defects in the proposals, they were rejected out of hand. However, Pitt resigned in February 1801 over domestic issues and was replaced by the more accommodating
5381:
417:
The War of the Second Coalition started well for the coalition, with successes in Egypt, Italy and Germany. The success proved to be short-lived, however; after France's victories at the battles of
2695:
1022:(Switzerland) in October 1802, was another violation of the Treaty of Lunéville. However, Britain had not signed that treaty, and the powers that had signed it tolerated Napoleon's actions. Tsar
1041:
Britain refused to remove troops from Egypt or Malta, as agreed upon in the treaty. Bonaparte formally protested the continuing British occupations and, in January 1803, published a report by
4358:
1472:"I say nothing of the statues; for I know but little of sculpture, and never liked any till I saw the Elgin Marbles.... Here, for four months together, I strolled and studied." (Hazlitt,
965:
of actions on the part of the French government antagonised the Spanish. France's unwillingness to block the cession of Trinidad to Britain was one of the things that most irritated King
4057:
1053:, reported the encounter back to St. Petersburg in stark terms. The implicit and explicit threats contained in the exchange may have played a role in Russia's eventual entry into the
653:
of 18 September 1801 in the Batavian Republic and its new constitution that was ratified by a sham election and brought the republic into closer alignment with its dominant partner.
390:
as result of the treaty no longer needed to use American ships to move their products to Europe. Although the terms of the Treaty did not favour his country, British Prime Minister
1006:
Schroeder says that most historians agree that Napoleon's "determination to exclude Britain from the Continent now, and bring it to its knees in the future, made war...inevitable."
1523:
Paris as it was and as it is: or, A sketch of the French capital, illustrative of the effects of the revolution, with respect to sciences, literature, arts, religion...
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arrived at Paris on 16 October 1802. The Roman sculptures did not move him, but he spent most of three months studying and copying Italian masters in the Louvre.
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that gave him lifetime control. France made territorial gains in Switzerland and Italy. However, Napoleon's goal of a North American Empire collapsed with the
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5741:
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1045:
that included observations on the ease with which France might capture Egypt, alarming most of the European powers. In an interview in February 1803 with
1030:
Bonaparte also took advantage of the loosening of the British blockade of French ports to organise and dispatch a naval expedition to regain control over
5320:
2410:
1042:
872:, Bonaparte "was, above all, delighted with the admiration the exhibition excited among the numerous foreigners who resorted to Paris during the peace."
505:
The terms of the preliminary agreement required Britain to restore most of the French colonial possessions that it had captured since 1794, to evacuate
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409:, which was hostile to both Britain and France, and strongly opposed by the Federalist minority in Congress, came under heavy pressure from all sides.
1038:. Those moves, though not in violation of the treaty, were perceived by the British as a willingness by Bonaparte to threaten them on a global stage.
686:
agreement. Cornwallis was unhappy with the agreement, but he also worried about "the ruinous consequences of ... renewing a bloody and hopeless war."
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as a "Definitive Treaty of Peace". The consequent peace lasted only one year (18 May 1803) and was the only period of general peace in Europe
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for its losses. However, Joseph did not immediately agree to their terms, presumably needing to consult with the First Consul on the matter.
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recent developments. Prime Minister Addington did not undertake military demobilisation, but maintained a large peacetime army of 180,000.
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887:, visitors could see the display of Italian paintings and Roman sculptures collected from all over Italy under the stringent terms of the
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and secretly left the coast to march against Austria and Russia before those armies could combine. The Grande Armée defeated Austria at
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Britain gave its official reasons for resuming hostilities as France's imperialist policies in the West Indies, Italy and Switzerland.
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5418:
4191:
986:. Furthermore, Britons felt insulted when Napoleon stated that their country deserved no voice in European affairs, even though King
5023:
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if war was renewed. Although Alexander wanted to avoid war, that news apparently forced his hand; he began collecting troops on the
513:, whose sovereignty was to be guaranteed by one or more powers, to be determined at the final peace. France was to restore Egypt to
480:
7203:
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this country, and there are many persons who were pacifically disposed and who since this event are desirous of renewing the war."
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News of the signing was greeted across Europe with joy. The celebrations of peace, the pamphlets, poems, and odes proliferated in
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Addington proved an ineffective prime minister in wartime and was replaced on 10 May 1804 with William Pitt, who formed the
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returned to France, under the terms of relaxed restrictions upon them. French visitors also came to England. Wax artist
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Napoleon used the interlude for major internal reforms such as the promulgation of the new legal system under the
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17:
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Schimmelpenninck and Cornwallis negotiated agreements on the status of Ceylon, which was to remain British; the
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1135:, but Austria and Russia, Britain's allies, were preparing to invade France. The French armies were christened
333:
that provided the momentum to negotiate the treaty with France. The peace of Amiens also mollified the antiwar
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noted to a correspondent, "I hear that our gentlemen are making extravagant purchases in Paris. That fool
906:
The English were not the only ones to profit by the halcyon lull in hostilities. From London, the Russian
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When France moved to occupy Switzerland, the British had issued orders for their military not to return
329:. It also wanted to end its isolation from other powers, and achieved that goal by a rapprochement with
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Baumgartner, K. "Constructing Paris: flânerie, female spectatorship, and the discourses of fashion in
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605:, which was to be returned to the Dutch but to be open to all; and the indemnification of the deposed
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The treaty, beyond confirming "peace, friendship, and good understanding", called for the following:
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from Venice, which had been furtively removed in 1797, could now be viewed in an inner courtyard.
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1976:
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803:
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from the Batavian Republic. Napoleon abolished the republic later that year in favour of the
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fishery rights were to be restored to their prewar status. Britain was also to recognise the
422:
236:
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98:
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contains much of the correspondence, principally involving French or British participants
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and to withdraw from other occupied Mediterranean ports. Malta was to be restored to the
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argues that Britain was irritated in particular by Napoleon's assertion of control over
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to Paris, who opened a second line of communications with the French foreign minister,
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2714:
2661:
1953:
649:
7343:
7143:
6982:
6881:
6866:
6715:
6664:
6584:
6493:
6448:
6397:
6311:
6196:
6105:
6095:
5989:
5928:
5690:
5335:
5195:
4988:
4983:
4973:
4705:
4632:
4569:
4539:
4311:
4281:
4176:
3879:
3729:
3391:
3375:
3330:
3266:
3237:
3032:
2911:
2794:
2759:
2301:
2252:
2245:
1035:
907:
853:
698:
Page of the Treaty with the eight seals and the eight signatures of the signatories
675:
586:
561:
383:
372:
314:
295:
287:
174:
131:
7233:
5114:
2217:
1999:
Lokke, Carl Ludwig (1943). "Secret Negotiations to Maintain the Peace of Amiens."
1899:
1848:
868:
took place on 18–24 September. According to the memoirs of his private secretary,
545:. In a blow to Spain, the preliminary agreement included a secret clause in which
7682:
7338:
7273:
7258:
7148:
7032:
7022:
6997:
6972:
6800:
6634:
6156:
5964:
5888:
5863:
5615:
5503:
5427:
5260:
5048:
4725:
4720:
4685:
4435:
4039:
4034:
3936:
3859:
3749:
3719:
3078:
2954:
2679:
2625:
2426:
1488:
1162:
1113:
1084:
1054:
979:
900:
892:
846:
The first Kiss this Ten Years!—or—the meeting of Britannia & Citizen François
784:
644:
565:
557:
517:
control, to withdraw from most of the Italian peninsula and to agree to preserve
499:
456:
as early as 1799. Because of the hardline stance of Grenville and Prime Minister
425:, Austria, Russia and Naples sued for peace, with Austria eventually signing the
391:
345:
256:
212:
178:
7605:
4905:
1547:
John Carr described the bustle of returning emigrés on the docks at Southampton.
7617:
7529:
7519:
7052:
6891:
6755:
6554:
6306:
5650:
5630:
5620:
5580:
5453:
5330:
5272:
5078:
4900:
4680:
4400:
4263:
4258:
4208:
4203:
4023:
3211:
2445:
1198:, "The Anglo‐Russian Rapprochement of 1801: A prelude to the peace of Amiens."
991:
534:
514:
330:
303:
268:
240:
5665:
1195:
925:
collected her impressions in a series of vignettes contributed to the journal
612:
486:
7641:
7093:
5797:
5655:
5585:
5344:
5315:
5185:
5003:
4780:
4622:
4518:
4410:
3971:
3914:
1913:
1890:
1448:
1142:
946:
930:
841:
762:
594:, whose economy depended on trade that had been ruined by the war, appointed
476:
4810:
2060:
2029:
1116:. Pitt was involved in failed assassination attempts on Bonaparte's life by
671:
309:
Under the treaty, Britain recognised the French Republic. Together with the
5645:
5481:
5351:
5296:
5210:
5165:
4993:
4875:
4667:
3824:
3809:
3779:
1967:
1862:
999:
837:
752:
526:
445:
264:
76:
1946:
1412:"Official text – Treaty of Amiens, March 25, 1802 – Napoleon & Empire"
1398:"Official text – Treaty of Amiens, March 25, 1802 – Napoleon & Empire"
1183:"Official text – Treaty of Amiens, March 25, 1802 – Napoleon & Empire"
852:
Upper-class British visitors flocked to Paris in the second half of 1802.
464:. At that point Britain was motivated by the danger of a war with Russia.
7433:
7403:
7391:
7348:
7103:
5205:
5063:
4953:
4730:
4700:
3849:
3169:
2962:
1791:
Illustrated History of Europe: A Unique Guide to Europe's Common Heritage
1154:
1074:
884:
710:
5303:
1165:. However, in 1810, the Netherlands officially became a part of France.
325:
The United Kingdom wanted the peace to enable restoration of trade with
7118:
5109:
4948:
4564:
3919:
2394:
2004:
1153:
effectively destroyed the Third Coalition. In 1806, Britain retook the
1066:
987:
958:
883:. Within the Louvre, in addition to the display of recent works in the
826:
679:
572:
imposed by Pitt, a reduction of grain prices and a revival of markets.
399:
259:. Britain gave up most of its recent conquests; France was to evacuate
199:
4816:
549:
was to remain with Britain. Spain would finally recover the island of
4943:
4589:
4500:
4083:
3452:
790:
272:
2160:
895:
was able to fill a sketchbook from what he saw. Even the four Greek
525:, previously a Dutch territory, was to remain with the British, and
7083:
5291:
5286:
5225:
5104:
4978:
3744:
1901:
A history of the British empire in the nineteenth century, Volume 1
1121:
1117:
1106:
957:
staged displays in London and made a balloon flight from London to
735:
546:
452:
Bonaparte, first made truce proposals to British foreign secretary
449:
276:
5396:
2288:
2106:
2102:
contains accounts of British visits to France during the interlude
379:, reduced the American military budget, and partly dismantled the
2012:
The Terror Before Trafalgar: Nelson, Napoleon, And The Secret War
1819:
The Terror Before Trafalgar: Nelson, Napoleon, and the Secret War
1058:
796:
550:
1493:
Civilization & Capitalism: III. The Perspective of the World
2118:
861:
776:
741:
538:
522:
317:, which had waged war against Revolutionary France since 1798.
283:
94:
4359:
François Alexandre Frédéric, duc de la Rochefoucauld-Liancourt
541:. Both sides were to be allowed access to the outposts on the
4293:
2041:
Napoleon's Conquest of Europe: the War of the Third Coalition
1981:(paperback ed.). Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press. pp.
1804:
Napoleon's conquest of Europe: the War of the Third Coalition
768:
728:
506:
394:
used the interlude to rebuild British strength, so that when
148:
1463:. Yale University Press, pp. ch, xiv. 'The Last Dispersals'.
825:
Preliminaries were signed in London on 1 October 1801. King
1536:
The stranger in France, or, A tour from Devonshire to Paris
860:. In booths and temporary arcades in the courtyard of the
772:
744:, previously under control of the United Provinces and the
631:
4333:
1057:. Morkov also reported rumours that Bonaparte would seize
856:
took the opportunity to confer with his colleagues at the
4173:
1087:, which would rage in Europe for the following 12 years.
1603:
The End of the Old Order: Napoleon and Europe, 1801–1805
1224:
Johnson, David (2002). "Amiens 1802: the phoney peace".
1978:
The End of the Old Order: Napoleon and Europe 1801–1805
829:
proclaimed the cessation of hostilities on 12 October.
1936:
Napoleon's Wars: And International History: 1803–1815
5089:
List of people associated with the French Revolution
806:
to be compensated for its losses in the Netherlands.
5321:
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
2411:
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
1904:. London: Kegan, Paul, Trench, and Trüber. p.
313:(1801), the Treaty of Amiens marked the end of the
2069:The transformation of European politics, 1763–1848
2038:
1943:The Amiens Truce: Britain and Bonaparte, 1801–1803
1252:The Amiens Truce: Britain and Bonaparte, 1801–1803
27:1802 Treaty during the War of the Second Coalition
1840:
1070:as it relates to our interests and obligations."
7639:
4247:Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen
1018:and his decision to send French troops into the
953:similar to one she had in Paris. The balloonist
938:could be relied on," Carr noted in his Preface.
402:quickly gained control of the seas. However the
7648:Peace treaties of the French Revolutionary Wars
7596:England expects that every man will do his duty
1853:. New York and London: G. P. Putnam's. p.
1303:
255:; after a short peace it set the stage for the
2289:Significant civil and political events by year
590:recede from it in our next conversation." The
5412:
2176:
1131:, assembled armies on the coast of France to
879:, who received a personal tour from minister
5342:
5301:
5277:
5258:
4242:Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick
2045:. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group.
1459:Haskell, Francis and Nicholas Penny (1981).
2929:
1815:
918:every plate of which costs 16 gold louis."
437:on 2 April 1801 halted the creation of the
300:Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis
220:
7708:Treaties of the United Kingdom (1801–1922)
5419:
5405:
4446:Alexandre-Théodore-Victor, comte de Lameth
2183:
2169:
2143:French Revolution: Revolutionary campaigns
706:The restoration of prisoners and hostages.
4711:Louis Michel le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau
4369:Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau
4192:Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany
471:, immediately opened communications with
5143:
2427:Nationalization of the Church properties
2014:. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press.
1850:History of the People of the Netherlands
1310:. Simon and Schuster. pp. 252–254.
836:
813:was recognised by the signatory parties.
693:
670:
611:
485:
235:) temporarily ended hostilities between
7728:Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool
5372:Historiography of the French Revolution
4643:Antoine Christophe Merlin de Thionville
4354:Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette
2036:
1383:
1381:
751:France to withdraw its forces from the
720:Britain to return most of its captured
630:In January 1802, Napoleon travelled to
348:, making peace with the Vatican by the
14:
7733:William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville
7640:
5742:Planned invasion of the United Kingdom
4379:Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord
4334:Other significant figures and factions
2009:
1897:
1869:
1822:. Naval Institute Press. p. 111.
1690:
1688:
1669:
1667:
1657:
1655:
481:Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord
7698:Treaties of the French First Republic
7424:Spanish American wars of independence
5400:
5247:
5142:
4426:François-Marie, marquis de Barthélemy
4332:
4182:James Saumarez, 1st Baron de Saumarez
4121:Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
4079:Friedrich Adolf, Count von Kalckreuth
3682:
2928:
2559:Paris Commune becomes insurrectionary
2287:
2190:
2164:
1974:
1898:Dorman, Robert Marcus Phipps (1902).
1880:
575:
7688:Peace treaties of the United Kingdom
4580:Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux
3992:Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno
3683:
2779:Insurrection of 12 Germinal Year III
1958:. New York: G. P. Putnam's. p.
1951:
1846:
1378:
1360:
870:Louis Antoine Fauvelet de Bourrienne
727:Britain to withdraw its forces from
7409:Franco-Swedish War (Pomeranian War)
5426:
5248:
4187:Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth
1724:
1706:
1697:
1685:
1664:
1652:
1643:
921:For those who could not get there,
832:
441:and led to a negotiated ceasefire.
407:foreign policy of the United States
24:
5377:Influence of the French Revolution
5367:Symbolism in the French Revolution
4131:Prince Heinrich XV of Reuss-Plauen
4092:Charles Eugene, Prince of Lambesc
2347:Convocation of the Estates General
1922:Citizen Emperor: Napoleon in Power
734:Spain agreeing to British rule of
412:
25:
7759:
7703:Treaties of the Batavian Republic
7658:Peace treaties of the Netherlands
5019:Guillaume-Chrétien de Malesherbes
4751:Antoine Quentin Fouquier-Tinville
4053:Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen
3835:François Christophe de Kellermann
3074:Battle of Peyrestortes (Pyrenees)
2075:
1478:: "On The Pleasure of Painting").
492:Robert Jenkinson, Lord Hawkesbury
469:Robert Jenkinson, Lord Hawkesbury
320:
7284:Frederick William III of Prussia
7264:Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly
4746:Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai
4653:Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours
4623:Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot
4514:Jean-Marie Roland de la Platière
4292:
4257:
4227:
4202:
4159:
4033:
3910:Édouard Mortier, Duke of Trévise
3691:
2463:Civil Constitution of the Clergy
2117:
2105:
1952:Hume, Mark Andrew Sharp (1900).
1873:The Years of Endurance 1793–1802
1149:, and Napoleon's victory at the
866:exposition des produits français
660:The Spanish negotiator, Marquis
634:to accept the presidency of the
360:, so he gave it up and sold the
190:
158:
147:
136:
125:
54:
7404:Russo-Swedish War (Finnish War)
7334:Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies
5084:Jean-Jacques Duval d'Eprémesnil
4831:Jacques-Nicolas Billaud-Varenne
4756:Philippe-François-Joseph Le Bas
3967:Jean-Mathieu-Philibert Sérurier
3962:Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer
3942:Catherine-Dominique de Pérignon
3770:Adam Philippe, Comte de Custine
2688:Marie Antoinette is guillotined
1809:
1796:
1784:
1775:
1766:
1757:
1745:
1733:
1715:
1676:
1630:
1621:
1608:
1595:
1586:
1577:
1568:
1559:
1550:
1541:
1528:
1515:
1498:
1481:
1466:
1453:
1434:
1425:
1404:
1390:
1369:
1351:
1342:
1333:
1324:
1297:
1288:
1200:Scandinavian Journal of History
949:came to London and established
533:, established by France on the
467:Addington's foreign secretary,
396:fighting renewed in spring 1803
375:used British banks to fund the
7319:Prince Regent John of Portugal
7229:Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
7174:Frederick Augustus I of Saxony
7169:Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
5357:Women in the French Revolution
4959:Louis Antoine, Duke of Enghien
4136:Johann Mészáros von Szoboszló
3800:Pierre Marie Barthélemy Ferino
3429:French invasion of Switzerland
2091:Cobbett's Annual Register 1802
2083:Cobbett's Annual Register 1803
1885:. London: Longman and Greens.
1847:Blok, Petrus Johannes (1912).
1841:References and further reading
1802:Schneid, Frederick C. (2005).
1279:
1266:
1257:
1244:
1231:
1218:
1205:
1189:
1175:
740:The Batavian Republic to cede
13:
1:
7713:1802 in the Batavian Republic
7344:Prince Charles John of Sweden
5362:Incroyables and merveilleuses
5181:Pierre Claude François Daunou
4969:Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé
4100:Maximilian Baillet de Latour
4071:Friedrich Freiherr von Hotze
3368:Naval Engagement off Brittany
3121:Battle of Villers-en-Cauchies
3095:Battle of Truillas (Pyrenees)
2904:Constitution of the Year VIII
2639:Committee of General Security
2524:National Legislative Assembly
2379:National Constituent Assembly
2037:Schneid, Frederick C (2005).
1627:Schroeder (1994), pp 242–243.
793:to remain under British rule.
623:
292:French Revolutionary calendar
282:It was signed in the city of
5280:Liberté, égalité, fraternité
5074:Charles Alexandre de Calonne
4964:Louis Henri, Prince of Condé
4861:Jean Baptiste Noël Bouchotte
4761:Marc-Guillaume Alexis Vadier
4451:Charles Malo François Lameth
4126:Peter Vitus von Quosdanovich
3957:Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr
3900:Bon-Adrien Jeannot de Moncey
3100:Second Battle of Wissembourg
2787:Constitution of the Year III
1975:Kagan, Frederick W. (2006).
1934:Esdaile, Charles J. (2007).
1442:"The Napoleonic Expositions"
1168:
972:
765:to have its borders defined.
490:Britain's foreign secretary
371:administration of President
358:failure of his army in Haiti
49:"Definitive Treaty of Peace"
7:
5176:Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
4801:Antoine Christophe Saliceti
4736:Jean-Marie Collot d'Herbois
4696:Louis Antoine de Saint-Just
4575:Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet
4560:Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve
4555:Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud
4364:Isaac René Guy le Chapelier
4217:William V, Prince of Orange
3087:First Battle of Wissembourg
3044:(21 Dec 1792 - 25 May 1793)
2760:Closing of the Jacobin Club
2629:(27 Jun 1793 – 27 Jul 1794)
2586:(20 Sep 1792 – 26 Oct 1795)
2446:Abolition of the Parlements
2419:Women's March on Versailles
2099:Napoleon's British visitors
2067:Schroeder, Paul W. (1994).
1881:Burke, Edmund, ed. (1803).
1638:The Long Eighteenth Century
1237:DeConde, Alexander (1976).
596:Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck
251:. It marked the end of the
249:War of the Second Coalition
165:Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck
34:. For the 1423 treaty, see
10:
7764:
7678:1802 in the United Kingdom
7179:Frederick I of Württemberg
5549:Confederation of the Rhine
5311:French Republican calendar
4866:Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel
4491:Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac
3845:Pierre Choderlos de Laclos
3795:Charles François Dumouriez
3785:Jacques François Dugommier
3599:League of Armed Neutrality
3432:(28 January – 17 May 1798)
3384:Battle of the Bay of Cádiz
3207:(22 Nov 1794 - 7 Jun 1795)
3186:(22 Nov 1794 - 7 Jun 1795)
2850:Second Congress of Rastatt
2634:Committee of Public Safety
2621:(9 Mar 1793 – 31 May 1795)
2071:. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
2001:American Historical Review
1883:Annual Register, Volume 44
1307:Napoleon: A Political Life
1250:Grainger, John D. (2004).
1213:Napoleon: A Political Life
1105:provocation, on 22 May (2
1100:War of the Third Coalition
1097:
638:, a nominally-independent
439:League of Armed Neutrality
29:
7558:
7442:
7357:
7339:Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden
7329:William, Prince of Orange
7192:
7139:Pierre-Charles Villeneuve
7072:
7065:
6945:
6824:
6688:
6517:
6431:
6385:
6134:
6028:
5952:
5846:
5760:
5712:
5703:
5599:
5500:
5491:
5468:French Invasion of Russia
5434:
5326:Cult of the Supreme Being
5254:
5243:
5149:
5138:
5097:
4931:
4924:
4809:
4666:
4588:
4499:
4486:Pierre Paul Royer-Collard
4392:
4341:Patriotic Society of 1789
4339:
4328:
4290:
4255:
4225:
4200:
4157:
4144:Karl Philipp Sebottendorf
4066:Karl Aloys zu Fürstenberg
4031:
4022:
4000:
3705:
3689:
3678:
3647:
3610:
3583:Convention of Alessandria
3565:
3472:
3419:
3350:
3220:
3194:
3111:
3008:
2935:
2924:
2880:
2869:Law of 22 Floréal Year VI
2861:
2834:
2771:
2707:
2602:
2535:
2484:
2438:
2330:What Is the Third Estate?
2321:
2294:
2283:
2198:
1601:Kagan, Frederick (2007).
1263:Schroeder (1994), p. 217.
724:to the Batavian Republic.
253:French Revolutionary Wars
189:
184:
170:
120:
112:
104:
90:
82:
72:
53:
48:
30:For the 1279 treaty, see
7738:William Pitt the Younger
7668:Napoleonic Wars treaties
7653:Peace treaties of France
7249:Archduke John of Austria
7244:Prince von Schwarzenberg
7089:Louis-Alexandre Berthier
5034:Gui-Jean-Baptiste Target
4999:Joséphine de Beauharnais
4881:Stanislas-Marie Maillard
4851:François-Nicolas Vincent
4836:Pierre Gaspard Chaumette
4010:Charles-Alexandre Linois
3905:Jean Victor Marie Moreau
3885:François Séverin Marceau
3865:François Joseph Lefebvre
3760:Jean-Étienne Championnet
3735:Louis-Alexandre Berthier
3730:Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte
3725:Alexandre de Beauharnais
3715:Eustache Charles d'Aoust
3437:French Invasion of Egypt
3315:Second Battle of Bassano
3049:Battle of Kaiserslautern
2823:Conspiracy of the Equals
2516:The Constitution of 1791
2387:Storming of the Bastille
2094:contains the treaty text
1304:Englund, Steven (2010).
1239:This affair of Louisiana
1211:Englund, Steven (2005).
1051:Arkadiy Ivanovich Morkov
916:porcelain dinner service
746:Dutch East India Company
689:
458:William Pitt the Younger
7663:Peace treaties of Spain
7184:Frederick VI of Denmark
7134:Jean-Baptiste Bessières
5924:Greater Poland uprising
5747:Duc d'Enghien Execution
5014:Jacques-Donatien Le Ray
4886:Charles-Philippe Ronsin
4846:Antoine-François Momoro
4841:Charles-Philippe Ronsin
4658:François de Neufchâteau
4608:Charles-François Lebrun
4550:Jean Baptiste Treilhard
4431:Guillaume-Mathieu Dumas
4307:Luis Firmin de Carvajal
4113:Rudolf Ritter von Otto
4108:Karl Mack von Leiberich
3740:Jean-Baptiste Bessières
3554:Second Battle of Zurich
3445:Irish Rebellion of 1798
3291:First Battle of Bassano
3129:Second Battle of Boulou
2930:Revolutionary campaigns
2888:Coup of 30 Prairial VII
2803:Council of Five Hundred
2591:First republic declared
2527:(1 Oct 1791 – Sep 1792)
2508:Declaration of Pillnitz
2232:Constitutional monarchy
1870:Bryant, Arthur (1942).
1161:, ruled by his brother
875:Among the visitors was
386:financial program. The
143:The Marquess Cornwallis
36:Treaty of Amiens (1423)
32:Treaty of Amiens (1279)
7304:Ferdinand VII of Spain
5752:Coronation of Napoleon
5343:
5302:
5278:
5259:
4771:Prieur de la Côte-d'Or
4766:Jean-Pierre-André Amar
4676:Maximilien Robespierre
4509:Jacques Pierre Brissot
4374:Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès
3805:Louis-Charles de Flers
3790:Thomas-Alexandre Dumas
3755:Jean François Carteaux
3530:First Battle of Zurich
3493:(20 Mar – 21 May 1799)
3448:(23 May – 23 Sep 1798)
3408:Treaty of Campo Formio
3154:Glorious First of June
3082:(18 Sep – 18 Dec 1793)
3041:Expedition to Sardinia
2719:Desmoulins guillotined
2654:Assassination of Marat
2646:Fall of the Girondists
2618:Revolutionary Tribunal
2610:Execution of Louis XVI
2500:Champ de Mars massacre
2403:Abolition of Feudalism
2153:Treaty of Paris (1802)
1955:Modern Spain 1788–1898
1927:Emsley, Clive (2014).
1920:Dwyer, Philip (2013).
1614:McLynn, Frank (1997).
1506:Französische Miscellen
1202:3.1–4 (1978): 205–227.
1093:
955:André-Jacques Garnerin
927:Französische Miscellen
849:
820:House of Orange-Nassau
804:House of Orange-Nassau
779:to be restored to the
709:Britain to return the
699:
682:
627:
607:House of Orange-Nassau
531:Seven Islands Republic
502:
364:to the United States.
216:
7591:Conference of Dresden
7500:Paris (February 1812)
7429:Swedish–Norwegian War
7254:Alexander I of Russia
5216:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
4481:Jean-Charles Pichegru
4461:Jean-François Rewbell
3947:Jean-Charles Pichegru
3830:Jean-Baptiste Jourdan
3820:Jacques Maurice Hatry
3591:Battle of Hohenlinden
3464:(12 Oct – 5 Dec 1798)
3299:Battle of Emmendingen
3246:Battle of Castiglione
3133:(30 Apr – 1 May 1794)
3064:Battle of Hondschoote
2735:Thermidorian Reaction
2699:(throughout the year)
2472:Fête de la Fédération
2398:(20 Jul – 5 Aug 1789)
2382:(9 Jul – 30 Sep 1791)
2366:(17 Jun – 9 Jul 1790)
1616:Napoleon: A Biography
1461:Taste and the Antique
1272:Grainger, D. (2004).
1129:Emperor of the French
840:
799:be returned to Spain.
697:
674:
662:José Nicolás de Azara
621:John Singleton Copley
615:
537:that are now part of
489:
369:Democratic-Republican
304:between 1793 and 1814
154:José Nicolás de Azara
7545:Fontainebleau (1814)
7099:Louis-Nicolas Davout
6020:Invasion of Portugal
5144:Influential thinkers
4891:Jean-François Varlet
4791:Jean-Lambert Tallien
4786:Jean Bon Saint-André
4613:Pierre-Joseph Cambon
4535:Marquis de Condorcet
4384:Nicolas de Condorcet
4149:Dagobert von Wurmser
3982:Louis-Gabriel Suchet
3925:Pierre-Jacques Osten
3840:Jean-Baptiste Kléber
3775:Louis-Nicolas Davout
3765:Chapuis de Tourville
3307:Battle of Schliengen
3254:Battle of Theiningen
3175:Battle of Aldenhoven
3059:Battle of Wattignies
3028:Battle of Neerwinden
2842:Coup of 18 Fructidor
2355:Death of the Dauphin
2126:at Wikimedia Commons
2010:Pocock, Tom (2005).
1816:Pocock, Tom (2005).
1447:25 November 2003 at
1151:Battle of Austerlitz
1133:invade Great Britain
881:Jean-Antoine Chaptal
811:Septinsular Republic
473:Louis Guillaume Otto
435:Battle of Copenhagen
286:on 25 March 1802 (4
65:Jules-Claude Ziegler
7571:Bourbon Restoration
7314:Maria I of Portugal
7299:Prince of Hohenlohe
7289:Gebhard von Blücher
6232:Neumarkt-Sankt Veit
5539:Swiss Confederation
5231:Mary Wollstonecraft
5009:Jean Sylvain Bailly
4796:Pierre Louis Prieur
4741:Jean-Henri Voulland
4716:Jacques-Louis David
4648:Jean Joseph Mounier
4349:Jean Sylvain Bailly
3987:Belgrand de Vaubois
3875:Jean-Antoine Marbot
3815:Emmanuel de Grouchy
3620:Treaty of Lunéville
3259:Battle of Neresheim
3204:Siege of Luxembourg
3183:Siege of Luxembourg
3138:Battle of Tourcoing
3069:Siege of Bellegarde
2896:Coup of 18 Brumaire
2808:Council of Ancients
2583:National Convention
2575:September Massacres
2551:Brunswick Manifesto
2543:France declares war
2310:Assembly of Vizille
1938:, pp. 110–153.
1742:(1803) pp. 273–278.
1565:Schneid, pp. 25–26.
1147:Battle of Trafalgar
1145:the day before the
1032:revolutionary Haiti
941:A number of French
889:Treaty of Tolentino
864:, the third French
783:and to be declared
781:Knights Hospitaller
427:Treaty of Lunéville
362:Louisiana Territory
311:Treaty of Lunéville
267:. Britain retained
230:the peace of Amiens
61:The Peace of Amiens
45:
7586:Continental System
7581:Congress of Erfurt
7505:Paris (March 1812)
7279:Peter Wittgenstein
7204:Duke of Wellington
7159:Prince Poniatowski
7124:Jean-de-Dieu Soult
7109:Auguste de Marmont
6504:Arroyo dos Molinos
6352:Walcheren Campaign
6342:Armistice of Znaim
6237:Dalmatian Campaign
6162:Tyrolean Rebellion
5069:Loménie de Brienne
5044:Madame de Lamballe
4979:Napoléon Bonaparte
4776:Prieur de la Marne
4691:Camille Desmoulins
4545:Marie Jean Hérault
4421:Jean-Sifrein Maury
4416:Arnaud de La Porte
4272:Alexander Korsakov
4058:Count of Clerfayt
3977:Jean-de-Dieu Soult
3890:Auguste de Marmont
3745:Napoléon Bonaparte
3636:Algeciras campaign
3628:Treaty of Florence
3506:Battle of Stockach
3339:Ireland expedition
3323:Battle of Calliano
3283:Battle of Rovereto
3275:Battle of Würzburg
2727:Law of 22 Prairial
2696:Anti-clerical laws
2671:The Death of Marat
2492:Flight to Varennes
2137:Algeciras campaign
1941:Grainger, John D.
1583:Schneid, pp. 27–28
1440:Chandler, Arthur.
1228:, 52#9, pp. 20–26.
1159:Kingdom of Holland
1016:Cisalpine Republic
850:
700:
683:
628:
617:Charles Cornwallis
580:In November 1801,
576:Final negotiations
503:
433:'s victory at the
388:French West Indies
377:Louisiana Purchase
327:continental Europe
247:at the end of the
43:
7718:March 1802 events
7635:
7634:
7631:
7630:
7623:Types of military
7419:Russo-Turkish War
7414:Russo-Persian War
7382:Anglo-Turkish War
7377:Anglo-Swedish War
7372:Anglo-Spanish War
7367:Anglo-Russian War
7294:Duke of Brunswick
7197:political leaders
7077:political leaders
7061:
7060:
6066:Medina de Rioseco
5788:Haslach-Jungingen
5722:French Revolution
5699:
5698:
5482:Seventh Coalition
5394:
5393:
5390:
5389:
5268:Cockade of France
5239:
5238:
5201:Antoine Lavoisier
5191:Benjamin Franklin
5171:Anacharsis Cloots
5134:
5133:
5130:
5129:
5054:Louis de Breteuil
4896:Theophile Leclerc
4324:
4323:
4320:
4319:
4277:Alexander Suvorov
4018:
4017:
3952:Józef Poniatowski
3870:Étienne Macdonald
3674:
3673:
3575:Battle of Marengo
3538:Battle of Trebbia
3522:Battle of Cassano
3514:Battle of Magnano
3498:Battle of Ostrach
3400:Battle of Neuwied
3162:Battle of Fleurus
3146:Battle of Tournay
3023:War in the Vendée
2959:Royalist Revolts
2920:
2919:
2477:
2453:Abolition of the
2371:Tennis Court Oath
2363:National Assembly
2192:French Revolution
2159:
2158:
2149:Succeeded by
2146:Treaty of Amiens
2122:Media related to
2110:Works related to
2052:978-0-275-98096-2
2021:978-1-59114-681-0
1929:Napoleonic Europe
1721:Kagan, pp. 46–48.
1682:Grainger, p. 153.
1636:O'Gorman, Frank.
1556:Grainger, p. 131.
1043:Horace Sebastiani
1020:Helvetic Republic
996:Holy Roman Empire
923:Helmina von Chézy
897:Horses of St Mark
877:Charles James Fox
757:Kingdom of Naples
715:Batavian Republic
592:Batavian Republic
543:Cape of Good Hope
511:Order of St. John
205:
204:
16:(Redirected from
7755:
7748:Joseph Bonaparte
7723:French Consulate
7399:Dano-Swedish War
7387:Anglo-Danish War
7239:Archduke Charles
7154:Jérôme Bonaparte
7070:
7069:
7003:Castel di Sangro
6912:Fère-Champenoise
6565:García Hernández
6479:Fuentes de Oñoro
5995:Guttstadt-Deppen
5732:Second Coalition
5710:
5709:
5691:French Royalists
5498:
5497:
5447:Fourth Coalition
5421:
5414:
5407:
5398:
5397:
5348:
5336:Temple of Reason
5307:
5283:
5264:
5245:
5244:
5196:Thomas Jefferson
5140:
5139:
5059:de Chateaubriand
4989:Joseph Bonaparte
4984:Lucien Bonaparte
4974:Marie Antoinette
4929:
4928:
4916:Sylvain Maréchal
4871:François Hanriot
4706:Louis Philippe I
4633:Louis Philippe I
4628:Philippe Égalité
4570:Olympe de Gouges
4540:Charlotte Corday
4530:Étienne Clavière
4330:
4329:
4312:Antonio Ricardos
4297:
4296:
4282:Andrei Rosenberg
4262:
4261:
4232:
4231:
4207:
4206:
4177:Ralph Abercromby
4164:
4163:
4139:
4116:
4103:
4095:
4087:
4074:
4061:
4038:
4037:
4029:
4028:
3933:
3880:Marcellin Marbot
3703:
3702:
3696:
3695:
3684:Military leaders
3680:
3679:
3667:
3659:
3655:Treaty of Amiens
3640:
3632:
3624:
3603:
3595:
3587:
3579:
3558:
3557:(25–26 Sep 1799)
3550:
3542:
3541:(17–20 Jun 1799)
3534:
3526:
3525:(27–28 Apr 1799)
3518:
3510:
3502:
3501:(20–21 Mar 1799)
3494:
3486:
3482:Second Coalition
3465:
3457:
3449:
3441:
3433:
3412:
3404:
3396:
3392:Treaty of Leoben
3388:
3380:
3379:(14–15 Jan 1797)
3376:Battle of Rivoli
3372:
3364:
3360:Italian campaign
3343:
3335:
3334:(15–17 Nov 1796)
3331:Battle of Arcole
3327:
3319:
3311:
3303:
3295:
3287:
3279:
3271:
3267:Battle of Amberg
3263:
3250:
3242:
3238:Battle of Lonato
3234:
3230:Italian campaign
3208:
3187:
3179:
3166:
3158:
3150:
3142:
3134:
3125:
3104:
3103:(26–27 Dec 1793)
3091:
3083:
3045:
3037:
3033:Battle of Famars
3001:
2926:
2925:
2908:
2900:
2892:
2873:
2854:
2846:
2827:
2819:
2799:
2791:
2783:
2764:
2756:
2748:
2739:
2731:
2723:
2700:
2692:
2684:
2676:
2666:
2658:
2650:
2630:
2622:
2614:
2595:
2587:
2579:
2571:
2563:
2555:
2547:
2528:
2520:
2512:
2504:
2496:
2495:(20–21 Jun 1791)
2475:
2467:
2459:
2450:
2431:
2423:
2415:
2407:
2399:
2391:
2383:
2375:
2367:
2359:
2351:
2343:
2335:
2314:
2306:
2302:Day of the Tiles
2285:
2284:
2185:
2178:
2171:
2162:
2161:
2133:Preceded by
2130:
2129:
2124:Treaty of Amiens
2121:
2112:Treaty of Amiens
2109:
2064:
2044:
2033:
1996:
1971:
1917:
1894:
1877:
1866:
1834:
1833:
1813:
1807:
1800:
1794:
1788:
1782:
1779:
1773:
1770:
1764:
1761:
1755:
1749:
1743:
1737:
1731:
1728:
1722:
1719:
1713:
1710:
1704:
1701:
1695:
1692:
1683:
1680:
1674:
1671:
1662:
1659:
1650:
1647:
1641:
1634:
1628:
1625:
1619:
1612:
1606:
1599:
1593:
1590:
1584:
1581:
1575:
1572:
1566:
1563:
1557:
1554:
1548:
1545:
1539:
1532:
1526:
1519:
1513:
1502:
1496:
1485:
1479:
1470:
1464:
1457:
1451:
1438:
1432:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1394:
1388:
1385:
1376:
1375:Grainger, p. 72.
1373:
1367:
1364:
1358:
1357:Grainger, p. 70.
1355:
1349:
1346:
1340:
1339:Grainger, p. 68.
1337:
1331:
1328:
1322:
1321:
1301:
1295:
1292:
1286:
1283:
1277:
1274:The Amiens Truce
1270:
1264:
1261:
1255:
1248:
1242:
1235:
1229:
1222:
1216:
1209:
1203:
1193:
1187:
1186:
1179:
1036:French Louisiana
908:Semyon Vorontsov
854:William Herschel
833:Amiens interlude
678:, portraited by
676:Joseph Bonaparte
636:Italian Republic
625:
619:, portraited by
373:Thomas Jefferson
354:new constitution
352:, and issuing a
315:Second Coalition
296:Joseph Bonaparte
234:
231:
228:
225:
222:
217:la paix d'Amiens
209:Treaty of Amiens
196:Treaty of Amiens
194:
193:
163:
162:
152:
151:
141:
140:
132:Joseph Bonaparte
130:
129:
58:
46:
44:Treaty of Amiens
42:
21:
7763:
7762:
7758:
7757:
7756:
7754:
7753:
7752:
7743:Henry Addington
7638:
7637:
7636:
7627:
7554:
7438:
7359:
7353:
7309:Miguel de Álava
7274:Pyotr Bagration
7269:Count Bennigsen
7259:Mikhail Kutuzov
7224:Thomas Cochrane
7196:
7194:
7188:
7149:Louis Bonaparte
7076:
7074:
7073:French and ally
7057:
6941:
6857:Château-Thierry
6820:
6684:
6655:Maloyaroslavets
6513:
6427:
6381:
6172:Yevenes/Yébenes
6130:
6046:Rosily Squadron
6024:
5948:
5914:Waren-Nossentin
5842:
5773:Cape Finisterre
5756:
5727:First Coalition
5705:
5695:
5602:
5595:
5506:
5502:
5493:
5487:
5475:Sixth Coalition
5461:Fifth Coalition
5440:Third Coalition
5430:
5428:Napoleonic Wars
5425:
5395:
5386:
5261:La Marseillaise
5250:
5249:Cultural impact
5235:
5145:
5126:
5093:
5049:Madame du Barry
5039:Catherine Théot
5029:Thérésa Tallien
4920:
4911:Gracchus Babeuf
4856:François Chabot
4813:
4805:
4726:Georges Couthon
4721:Marquis de Sade
4686:Jean-Paul Marat
4662:
4618:Bertrand Barère
4584:
4495:
4476:Boissy d'Anglas
4471:Madame de Staël
4436:Antoine Barnave
4404:
4397:
4388:
4335:
4316:
4291:
4286:
4256:
4251:
4226:
4221:
4201:
4196:
4158:
4153:
4137:
4114:
4101:
4093:
4085:
4072:
4059:
4048:József Alvinczi
4032:
4014:
3996:
3937:Nicolas Oudinot
3927:
3860:Claude Lecourbe
3855:Charles Leclerc
3750:Guillaume Brune
3720:Pierre Augereau
3690:
3685:
3670:
3665:
3663:Treaty of Paris
3657:
3643:
3638:
3630:
3622:
3606:
3601:
3593:
3585:
3577:
3561:
3556:
3548:
3540:
3532:
3524:
3516:
3508:
3500:
3492:
3484:
3468:
3463:
3455:
3447:
3439:
3431:
3415:
3410:
3402:
3394:
3386:
3378:
3370:
3362:
3346:
3341:
3333:
3325:
3317:
3309:
3301:
3293:
3285:
3277:
3269:
3261:
3248:
3240:
3232:
3216:
3206:
3190:
3185:
3177:
3164:
3156:
3148:
3140:
3132:
3123:
3107:
3102:
3089:
3081:
3079:Siege of Toulon
3043:
3035:
3018:First Coalition
3004:
2995:
2931:
2916:
2906:
2898:
2890:
2876:
2871:
2857:
2852:
2844:
2830:
2825:
2817:
2797:
2789:
2781:
2767:
2762:
2754:
2746:
2737:
2729:
2721:
2703:
2698:
2690:
2682:
2680:Law of Suspects
2674:
2664:
2656:
2648:
2628:
2626:Reign of Terror
2620:
2612:
2598:
2593:
2585:
2577:
2569:
2561:
2553:
2545:
2531:
2526:
2518:
2510:
2502:
2494:
2480:
2465:
2457:
2448:
2434:
2429:
2421:
2413:
2406:(4–11 Aug 1789)
2405:
2397:
2389:
2381:
2373:
2365:
2357:
2349:
2341:
2339:Réveillon riots
2333:
2317:
2312:
2304:
2290:
2279:
2194:
2189:
2150:
2145:
2134:
2078:
2053:
2022:
1993:
1843:
1838:
1837:
1830:
1814:
1810:
1801:
1797:
1793:(1992), p. 282.
1789:
1785:
1780:
1776:
1771:
1767:
1762:
1758:
1752:Annual Register
1750:
1746:
1740:Annual Register
1738:
1734:
1729:
1725:
1720:
1716:
1711:
1707:
1702:
1698:
1693:
1686:
1681:
1677:
1672:
1665:
1660:
1653:
1648:
1644:
1635:
1631:
1626:
1622:
1613:
1609:
1600:
1596:
1592:Schneid, p. 28.
1591:
1587:
1582:
1578:
1574:Schneid, p. 25.
1573:
1569:
1564:
1560:
1555:
1551:
1546:
1542:
1533:
1529:
1525:. London, 1803.
1520:
1516:
1503:
1499:
1489:Fernand Braudel
1486:
1482:
1471:
1467:
1458:
1454:
1439:
1435:
1430:
1426:
1416:
1414:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1387:Bryant, p. 390.
1386:
1379:
1374:
1370:
1366:Bryant, p. 389.
1365:
1361:
1356:
1352:
1347:
1343:
1338:
1334:
1330:Bryant, p. 388.
1329:
1325:
1318:
1302:
1298:
1293:
1289:
1285:Dorman, p. 281.
1284:
1280:
1271:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1249:
1245:
1236:
1232:
1223:
1219:
1210:
1206:
1194:
1190:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1171:
1163:Louis Bonaparte
1138:La Grande Armée
1114:Third Coalition
1102:
1096:
1085:Napoleonic Wars
1055:Third Coalition
980:Frederick Kagan
975:
961:in 45 minutes.
901:William Hazlitt
893:J. M. W. Turner
835:
692:
647:'s reactionary
645:Pierre Augereau
640:client republic
578:
500:Thomas Lawrence
462:Henry Addington
415:
413:Early diplomacy
392:Henry Addington
346:Napoleonic Code
323:
257:Napoleonic Wars
232:
229:
226:
223:
191:
177:
157:
156:
146:
145:
135:
134:
124:
68:
39:
28:
23:
22:
18:Peace of Amiens
15:
12:
11:
5:
7761:
7751:
7750:
7745:
7740:
7735:
7730:
7725:
7720:
7715:
7710:
7705:
7700:
7695:
7690:
7685:
7680:
7675:
7673:1802 in France
7670:
7665:
7660:
7655:
7650:
7633:
7632:
7629:
7628:
7626:
7625:
7620:
7618:Longwood House
7615:
7614:
7613:
7603:
7598:
7593:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7573:
7568:
7562:
7560:
7556:
7555:
7553:
7552:
7547:
7542:
7537:
7532:
7527:
7522:
7517:
7512:
7507:
7502:
7497:
7492:
7487:
7482:
7477:
7472:
7467:
7462:
7457:
7452:
7446:
7444:
7440:
7439:
7437:
7436:
7431:
7426:
7421:
7416:
7411:
7406:
7401:
7396:
7395:
7394:
7384:
7379:
7374:
7369:
7363:
7361:
7355:
7354:
7352:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7326:
7324:Count of Feira
7321:
7316:
7311:
7306:
7301:
7296:
7291:
7286:
7281:
7276:
7271:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7231:
7226:
7221:
7219:Horatio Nelson
7216:
7211:
7206:
7200:
7198:
7190:
7189:
7187:
7186:
7181:
7176:
7171:
7166:
7161:
7156:
7151:
7146:
7141:
7136:
7131:
7129:Marshal Victor
7126:
7121:
7116:
7111:
7106:
7101:
7096:
7091:
7086:
7080:
7078:
7067:
7063:
7062:
7059:
7058:
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7055:
7050:
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7025:
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7015:
7010:
7005:
7000:
6995:
6990:
6985:
6980:
6975:
6970:
6965:
6960:
6955:
6949:
6947:
6943:
6942:
6940:
6939:
6934:
6929:
6924:
6919:
6914:
6909:
6907:Arcis-sur-Aube
6904:
6899:
6894:
6889:
6884:
6879:
6874:
6869:
6864:
6859:
6854:
6849:
6844:
6839:
6834:
6828:
6826:
6822:
6821:
6819:
6818:
6813:
6808:
6803:
6798:
6793:
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6773:
6768:
6763:
6758:
6753:
6748:
6743:
6738:
6733:
6728:
6723:
6718:
6713:
6708:
6703:
6698:
6692:
6690:
6686:
6685:
6683:
6682:
6677:
6672:
6667:
6662:
6657:
6652:
6650:Venta del Pozo
6647:
6642:
6637:
6632:
6627:
6622:
6617:
6612:
6607:
6602:
6597:
6592:
6587:
6582:
6577:
6572:
6567:
6562:
6557:
6552:
6547:
6542:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6525:Ciudad Rodrigo
6521:
6519:
6515:
6514:
6512:
6511:
6506:
6501:
6496:
6491:
6486:
6481:
6476:
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6451:
6446:
6441:
6435:
6433:
6429:
6428:
6426:
6425:
6420:
6415:
6410:
6405:
6403:Ciudad Rodrigo
6400:
6395:
6389:
6387:
6383:
6382:
6380:
6379:
6377:Alba de Tormes
6374:
6369:
6364:
6359:
6354:
6349:
6344:
6339:
6334:
6329:
6324:
6319:
6314:
6309:
6304:
6299:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6277:Aspern-Essling
6274:
6269:
6264:
6259:
6254:
6249:
6244:
6239:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6214:
6209:
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5992:
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5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5886:
5881:
5879:Jena–Auerstedt
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5850:
5848:
5844:
5843:
5841:
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5729:
5724:
5718:
5716:
5707:
5701:
5700:
5697:
5696:
5694:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5651:Ottoman Empire
5648:
5643:
5638:
5633:
5628:
5623:
5618:
5613:
5611:United Kingdom
5607:
5605:
5597:
5596:
5594:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5581:Ottoman Empire
5578:
5576:Denmark–Norway
5573:
5572:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5519:Polish Legions
5516:
5510:
5508:
5495:
5489:
5488:
5486:
5485:
5478:
5471:
5464:
5457:
5454:Peninsular War
5450:
5443:
5435:
5432:
5431:
5424:
5423:
5416:
5409:
5401:
5392:
5391:
5388:
5387:
5385:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5340:
5339:
5338:
5331:Cult of Reason
5328:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5275:
5273:Flag of France
5270:
5265:
5255:
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5251:
5241:
5240:
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5208:
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5168:
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5150:
5147:
5146:
5136:
5135:
5132:
5131:
5128:
5127:
5125:
5124:
5119:
5118:
5117:
5112:
5101:
5099:
5095:
5094:
5092:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5079:Jacques Necker
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
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4946:
4941:
4935:
4933:
4926:
4922:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4901:Claire Lacombe
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4826:Jacques Hébert
4822:
4820:
4807:
4806:
4804:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
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4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4681:Georges Danton
4678:
4672:
4670:
4664:
4663:
4661:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
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4615:
4610:
4605:
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4594:
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4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4525:Henri Grégoire
4521:
4516:
4511:
4505:
4503:
4497:
4496:
4494:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4466:Camille Jordan
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4407:
4405:
4393:
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4376:
4371:
4366:
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4351:
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4321:
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4222:
4220:
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4189:
4184:
4179:
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4168:
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4110:
4105:
4097:
4089:
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4020:
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4015:
4013:
4012:
4006:
4004:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
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3934:
3922:
3917:
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3907:
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3802:
3797:
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3757:
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3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3711:
3709:
3700:
3687:
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3676:
3675:
3672:
3671:
3669:
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3660:
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3649:
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3641:
3633:
3625:
3616:
3614:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3604:
3596:
3588:
3580:
3571:
3569:
3563:
3562:
3560:
3559:
3551:
3546:Battle of Novi
3543:
3535:
3533:(4–7 Jun 1799)
3527:
3519:
3511:
3503:
3495:
3487:
3478:
3476:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3466:
3458:
3450:
3442:
3434:
3425:
3423:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3405:
3397:
3389:
3381:
3373:
3365:
3356:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3336:
3328:
3326:(6–7 Nov 1796)
3320:
3312:
3304:
3296:
3288:
3280:
3272:
3264:
3256:
3251:
3243:
3241:(3–4 Aug 1796)
3235:
3226:
3224:
3218:
3217:
3215:
3214:
3212:Peace of Basel
3209:
3200:
3198:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3188:
3180:
3172:
3167:
3159:
3151:
3143:
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3117:
3115:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3105:
3097:
3092:
3084:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3054:Siege of Mainz
3051:
3046:
3038:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3014:
3012:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2990:
2985:
2983:Siege of Mainz
2980:
2975:
2974:
2973:
2970:
2965:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2941:
2939:
2933:
2932:
2922:
2921:
2918:
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2915:
2914:
2909:
2901:
2893:
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2858:
2856:
2855:
2847:
2838:
2836:
2832:
2831:
2829:
2828:
2820:
2815:13 Vendémiaire
2812:
2811:
2810:
2805:
2792:
2784:
2775:
2773:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2765:
2757:
2749:
2740:
2732:
2724:
2711:
2709:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2693:
2685:
2677:
2667:
2662:Levée en masse
2659:
2651:
2643:
2642:
2641:
2636:
2623:
2615:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2596:
2588:
2580:
2572:
2567:10th of August
2564:
2556:
2548:
2539:
2537:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2521:
2513:
2505:
2497:
2488:
2486:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2478:
2468:
2460:
2451:
2449:(Feb–Jul 1790)
2442:
2440:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2432:
2424:
2416:
2408:
2400:
2392:
2384:
2376:
2368:
2360:
2352:
2344:
2336:
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2318:
2316:
2315:
2307:
2298:
2296:
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2281:
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2278:
2277:
2270:
2263:
2256:
2249:
2242:
2235:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2207:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2188:
2187:
2180:
2173:
2165:
2157:
2156:
2147:
2140:
2128:
2127:
2115:
2103:
2095:
2087:
2077:
2076:External links
2074:
2073:
2072:
2065:
2051:
2034:
2020:
2007:
1997:
1991:
1972:
1949:
1939:
1932:
1925:
1918:
1895:
1878:
1867:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1828:
1808:
1795:
1783:
1781:Pocock, p. 78.
1774:
1772:Pocock, p. 77.
1765:
1763:Pocock, p. 76.
1756:
1754:(1803) p. 277.
1744:
1732:
1723:
1714:
1705:
1696:
1684:
1675:
1663:
1651:
1642:
1629:
1620:
1607:
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1567:
1558:
1549:
1540:
1527:
1514:
1497:
1480:
1465:
1452:
1433:
1431:Burke, p. 614.
1424:
1403:
1389:
1377:
1368:
1359:
1350:
1341:
1332:
1323:
1316:
1296:
1287:
1278:
1265:
1256:
1243:
1230:
1217:
1215:, pp. 216–237.
1204:
1188:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1127:Napoleon, now
1098:Main article:
1095:
1092:
1080:sold Louisiana
1047:Lord Whitworth
1034:and to occupy
974:
971:
914:has ordered a
834:
831:
815:
814:
807:
800:
794:
788:
766:
760:
749:
738:
732:
725:
718:
707:
691:
688:
577:
574:
535:Ionian Islands
454:Lord Grenville
431:Horatio Nelson
414:
411:
337:opposition in
322:
321:National goals
319:
245:United Kingdom
241:Spanish Empire
203:
202:
187:
186:
182:
181:
172:
168:
167:
122:
118:
117:
114:
110:
109:
106:
102:
101:
92:
88:
87:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
59:
51:
50:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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7709:
7706:
7704:
7701:
7699:
7696:
7694:
7693:1802 treaties
7691:
7689:
7686:
7684:
7681:
7679:
7676:
7674:
7671:
7669:
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7664:
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7584:
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7579:
7577:
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7564:
7563:
7561:
7559:Miscellaneous
7557:
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7543:
7541:
7538:
7536:
7533:
7531:
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7407:
7405:
7402:
7400:
7397:
7393:
7390:
7389:
7388:
7385:
7383:
7380:
7378:
7375:
7373:
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7368:
7365:
7364:
7362:
7356:
7350:
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7332:
7330:
7327:
7325:
7322:
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7317:
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7310:
7307:
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7302:
7300:
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7282:
7280:
7277:
7275:
7272:
7270:
7267:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7234:Manuel Lapeña
7232:
7230:
7227:
7225:
7222:
7220:
7217:
7215:
7212:
7210:
7207:
7205:
7202:
7201:
7199:
7191:
7185:
7182:
7180:
7177:
7175:
7172:
7170:
7167:
7165:
7164:Prince Eugène
7162:
7160:
7157:
7155:
7152:
7150:
7147:
7145:
7142:
7140:
7137:
7135:
7132:
7130:
7127:
7125:
7122:
7120:
7117:
7115:
7114:André Masséna
7112:
7110:
7107:
7105:
7102:
7100:
7097:
7095:
7094:Joachim Murat
7092:
7090:
7087:
7085:
7082:
7081:
7079:
7071:
7068:
7064:
7054:
7051:
7049:
7046:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7038:Rocheserviere
7036:
7034:
7031:
7029:
7026:
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7021:
7019:
7016:
7014:
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7009:
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6986:
6984:
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6979:
6976:
6974:
6971:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6961:
6959:
6956:
6954:
6951:
6950:
6948:
6944:
6938:
6935:
6933:
6930:
6928:
6925:
6923:
6920:
6918:
6915:
6913:
6910:
6908:
6905:
6903:
6900:
6898:
6895:
6893:
6890:
6888:
6885:
6883:
6880:
6878:
6875:
6873:
6870:
6868:
6865:
6863:
6860:
6858:
6855:
6853:
6850:
6848:
6845:
6843:
6840:
6838:
6835:
6833:
6830:
6829:
6827:
6823:
6817:
6814:
6812:
6809:
6807:
6804:
6802:
6799:
6797:
6794:
6792:
6789:
6787:
6784:
6782:
6779:
6777:
6774:
6772:
6769:
6767:
6764:
6762:
6759:
6757:
6754:
6752:
6749:
6747:
6744:
6742:
6739:
6737:
6734:
6732:
6729:
6727:
6726:San Sebastián
6724:
6722:
6719:
6717:
6714:
6712:
6709:
6707:
6704:
6702:
6699:
6697:
6694:
6693:
6691:
6687:
6681:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6671:
6668:
6666:
6663:
6661:
6658:
6656:
6653:
6651:
6648:
6646:
6643:
6641:
6638:
6636:
6633:
6631:
6628:
6626:
6623:
6621:
6618:
6616:
6613:
6611:
6608:
6606:
6603:
6601:
6598:
6596:
6593:
6591:
6588:
6586:
6583:
6581:
6578:
6576:
6573:
6571:
6568:
6566:
6563:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6553:
6551:
6548:
6546:
6543:
6541:
6538:
6536:
6533:
6531:
6528:
6526:
6523:
6522:
6520:
6516:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6436:
6434:
6430:
6424:
6421:
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6390:
6388:
6384:
6378:
6375:
6373:
6370:
6368:
6365:
6363:
6360:
6358:
6355:
6353:
6350:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6303:
6300:
6298:
6295:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6287:Sankt Michael
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6202:Teugen-Hausen
6200:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6139:
6137:
6133:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6094:
6092:
6089:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6033:
6031:
6027:
6021:
6018:
6016:
6013:
6011:
6008:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5957:
5955:
5951:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5851:
5849:
5845:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5765:
5763:
5759:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5719:
5717:
5715:
5711:
5708:
5702:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5608:
5606:
5604:
5598:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5551:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5511:
5509:
5505:
5504:client states
5499:
5496:
5490:
5484:
5483:
5479:
5477:
5476:
5472:
5470:
5469:
5465:
5463:
5462:
5458:
5456:
5455:
5451:
5449:
5448:
5444:
5442:
5441:
5437:
5436:
5433:
5429:
5422:
5417:
5415:
5410:
5408:
5403:
5402:
5399:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5347:
5346:
5345:Sans-culottes
5341:
5337:
5334:
5333:
5332:
5329:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5319:
5317:
5316:Metric system
5314:
5312:
5309:
5306:
5305:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5282:
5281:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5263:
5262:
5257:
5256:
5253:
5246:
5242:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5156:
5152:
5151:
5148:
5141:
5137:
5123:
5120:
5116:
5115:Panthéon Club
5113:
5111:
5108:
5107:
5106:
5103:
5102:
5100:
5096:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5004:Joachim Murat
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4936:
4934:
4930:
4927:
4923:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4823:
4821:
4819:
4818:
4812:
4808:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4781:Gilbert Romme
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4673:
4671:
4669:
4665:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4603:de Cambacérès
4601:
4599:
4596:
4595:
4593:
4591:
4587:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4522:
4520:
4519:Madame Roland
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4506:
4504:
4502:
4498:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4456:André Chénier
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4411:Grace Elliott
4409:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4402:
4396:
4391:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4342:
4338:
4331:
4327:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4304:
4302:
4300:
4295:
4289:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4269:
4267:
4265:
4260:
4254:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4239:
4237:
4235:
4230:
4224:
4218:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4210:
4205:
4199:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4167:
4162:
4156:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4098:
4096:
4090:
4088:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4045:
4043:
4041:
4036:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4021:
4011:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4003:
3999:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3972:Joseph Souham
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3931:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3915:Joachim Murat
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3895:André Masséna
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3712:
3710:
3708:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3694:
3688:
3681:
3677:
3666:(25 Jun 1802)
3664:
3661:
3658:(25 Mar 1802)
3656:
3653:
3652:
3650:
3646:
3637:
3634:
3631:(18 Mar 1801)
3629:
3626:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3609:
3600:
3597:
3592:
3589:
3586:(15 Jun 1800)
3584:
3581:
3578:(14 Jun 1800)
3576:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3568:
3564:
3555:
3552:
3549:(15 Aug 1799)
3547:
3544:
3539:
3536:
3531:
3528:
3523:
3520:
3515:
3512:
3509:(25 Mar 1799)
3507:
3504:
3499:
3496:
3491:
3490:Siege of Acre
3488:
3483:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3462:
3461:Peasants' War
3459:
3454:
3451:
3446:
3443:
3438:
3435:
3430:
3427:
3426:
3424:
3422:
3418:
3411:(17 Oct 1797)
3409:
3406:
3403:(18 Apr 1797)
3401:
3398:
3395:(17 Apr 1797)
3393:
3390:
3387:(25 Jan 1797)
3385:
3382:
3377:
3374:
3371:(13 Jan 1797)
3369:
3366:
3361:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3353:
3349:
3340:
3337:
3332:
3329:
3324:
3321:
3316:
3313:
3310:(26 Oct 1796)
3308:
3305:
3302:(19 Oct 1796)
3300:
3297:
3292:
3289:
3284:
3281:
3276:
3273:
3270:(24 Aug 1796)
3268:
3265:
3262:(11 Aug 1796)
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3247:
3244:
3239:
3236:
3231:
3228:
3227:
3225:
3223:
3219:
3213:
3210:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3197:
3193:
3184:
3181:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3165:(26 Jun 1794)
3163:
3160:
3155:
3152:
3149:(22 May 1794)
3147:
3144:
3141:(18 May 1794)
3139:
3136:
3130:
3127:
3124:(24 Apr 1794)
3122:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3114:
3110:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3090:(13 Oct 1793)
3088:
3085:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3042:
3039:
3036:(23 May 1793)
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3011:
3007:
2999:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2938:
2934:
2927:
2923:
2913:
2910:
2907:(24 Dec 1799)
2905:
2902:
2897:
2894:
2891:(18 Jun 1799)
2889:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2879:
2872:(11 May 1798)
2870:
2867:
2866:
2864:
2860:
2851:
2848:
2843:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2833:
2824:
2821:
2816:
2813:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2790:(22 Aug 1795)
2788:
2785:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2770:
2763:(11 Nov 1794)
2761:
2758:
2753:
2750:
2747:(28 Jul 1794)
2744:
2741:
2738:(27 Jul 1794)
2736:
2733:
2730:(10 Jun 1794)
2728:
2725:
2720:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2706:
2697:
2694:
2691:(16 Oct 1793)
2689:
2686:
2683:(17 Sep 1793)
2681:
2678:
2673:
2672:
2668:
2665:(23 Aug 1793)
2663:
2660:
2657:(13 Jul 1793)
2655:
2652:
2647:
2644:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2624:
2619:
2616:
2613:(21 Jan 1793)
2611:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2594:(22 Sep 1792)
2592:
2589:
2584:
2581:
2576:
2573:
2570:(10 Aug 1792)
2568:
2565:
2560:
2557:
2554:(25 Jul 1792)
2552:
2549:
2546:(20 Apr 1792)
2544:
2541:
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1988:
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1736:
1730:Kagan, p. 49.
1727:
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1703:Kagan, p. 44.
1700:
1694:Kagan, p. 43.
1691:
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1661:Kagan, p. 41.
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7606:Grande Armée
7566:Bibliography
7550:Paris (1815)
7510:Paris (1814)
7495:Paris (1810)
7475:Finckenstein
7459:
7450:Campo Formio
7209:Rowland Hill
7195:military and
7075:military and
7048:Rocquencourt
6917:Saint-Dizier
6887:Bar-sur-Aube
6842:Mincio River
6337:Schöngrabern
6116:2nd Zaragoza
6056:1st Zaragoza
6010:Stralsund II
5859:Campo Tenese
5833:Schöngrabern
5818:Cape Ortegal
5768:Diamond Rock
5646:Papal States
5480:
5473:
5466:
5459:
5452:
5445:
5438:
5352:Phrygian cap
5297:Bastille Day
5211:Thomas Paine
5166:Edmund Burke
5161:Beaumarchais
5155:Les Lumières
5153:
4994:Joseph Fesch
4906:Pauline Léon
4876:Jacques Roux
4815:
4399:
3825:Lazare Hoche
3810:Paul Grenier
3780:Louis Desaix
3654:
3639:(8 Jul 1801)
3623:(9 Feb 1801)
3594:(3 Dec 1800)
3517:(5 Apr 1799)
3318:(6 Nov 1796)
3294:(8 Sep 1796)
3286:(4 Sep 1796)
3278:(3 Sep 1796)
3249:(5 Aug 1796)
3178:(2 Oct 1794)
3157:(1 Jun 1794)
2899:(9 Nov 1799)
2845:(4 Sep 1797)
2782:(1 Apr 1795)
2752:White Terror
2745:guillotined
2722:(5 Apr 1794)
2669:
2649:(2 Jun 1793)
2519:(3 Sep 1791)
2470:
2430:(2 Nov 1789)
2422:(5 Oct 1789)
2350:(5 May 1789)
2328:
2305:(7 Jun 1788)
2272:
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2011:
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1977:
1954:
1942:
1935:
1931:. Routledge.
1928:
1921:
1900:
1882:
1872:
1849:
1818:
1811:
1806:. Greenwood.
1803:
1798:
1790:
1786:
1777:
1768:
1759:
1747:
1735:
1726:
1717:
1712:Kagan, p. 46
1708:
1699:
1678:
1645:
1637:
1632:
1623:
1615:
1610:
1605:, pp. 42–43.
1602:
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1415:. Retrieved
1406:
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1362:
1353:
1344:
1335:
1326:
1306:
1299:
1294:Hume, p. 61.
1290:
1281:
1276:, chapter 2.
1273:
1268:
1259:
1254:, chapter 1.
1251:
1246:
1238:
1233:
1225:
1220:
1212:
1207:
1199:
1196:Feldbæk, Ole
1191:
1177:
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1103:
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1040:
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1005:
1000:Frank McLynn
976:
963:
940:
926:
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858:Observatoire
851:
845:
824:
816:
753:Papal States
722:Dutch Guiana
701:
684:
666:
659:
655:
648:
629:
600:
579:
555:
527:Newfoundland
504:
466:
446:First Consul
443:
416:
404:isolationist
366:
343:
324:
308:
281:
208:
206:
77:Peace treaty
60:
40:
7434:War of 1812
7392:Gunboat War
7349:Louis XVIII
7104:Jean Lannes
7018:Quatre Bras
7008:San Germano
6958:Occhiobello
6847:Champaubert
6837:La Rothière
6761:San Marcial
6645:2nd Polotsk
6610:1st Polotsk
6595:Majadahonda
6535:Villagarcia
6464:Campo Maior
6252:Piave River
6177:Ciudad Real
6167:Villafranca
6036:Dos de Mayo
5985:Stralsund I
5737:18 Brumaire
5671:Netherlands
5569:Württemberg
5221:Abbé Sieyès
5206:Montesquieu
5122:Social Club
5064:Jean Chouan
4954:Louis XVIII
4731:Roger Ducos
4701:Paul Barras
4668:Montagnards
4598:Abbé Sieyès
4401:monarchiens
4209:Netherlands
4138:(Hungarian)
4086:(Hungarian)
4002:French Navy
3928: [
3850:Jean Lannes
3707:French Army
3485:(1798–1802)
3456:(1798–1800)
3440:(1798–1801)
3170:Chouannerie
3131:(Pyrenees)
2996: [
2963:Chouannerie
2755:(Fall 1794)
2743:Robespierre
1510:Monatshefte
1417:11 February
1155:Cape Colony
1075:Cape Colony
1061:as well as
984:Switzerland
711:Cape Colony
650:coup d'état
603:Cape Colony
444:The French
423:Hohenlinden
381:Hamiltonian
121:Signatories
116:18 May 1803
7642:Categories
7576:Casualties
7490:Schönbrunn
7465:Artlenburg
7214:John Moore
7119:Michel Ney
6988:Scapezzano
6978:Cesenatico
6922:Montmartre
6852:Montmirail
6786:Wartenburg
6741:Großbeeren
6600:Gorodechno
6590:Klyastitsy
6570:Saltanovka
6459:Casal Novo
6332:Hollabrunn
6317:Korneuburg
6111:Somosierra
6015:Copenhagen
5838:Austerlitz
5828:Dürenstein
5564:Westphalia
5507:and allies
5110:Cordeliers
5024:Talleyrand
4949:Louis XVII
4811:Hébertists
4565:Jean Debry
4395:Feuillants
4024:Opposition
3920:Michel Ney
3342:(Dec 1796)
2950:Thionville
2853:(Dec 1797)
2826:(May 1796)
2818:5 Oct 1795
2795:Directoire
2675:(painting)
2578:(Sep 1792)
2562:(Jun 1792)
2395:Great Fear
2334:(Jan 1789)
2225:Revolution
1487:Quoted in
1475:Table Talk
988:George III
967:Charles IV
959:Colchester
827:George III
680:Luigi Toro
582:Cornwallis
570:income tax
519:Portuguese
400:Royal Navy
384:Federalist
339:Parliament
243:, and the
200:Wikisource
113:Expiration
7540:Casalanza
7515:Tauroggen
7470:Pressburg
7455:Lunéville
7360:conflicts
7193:Coalition
7043:La Suffel
6993:Tolentino
6877:Montereau
6862:Vauchamps
6811:Bornhöved
6766:Dennewitz
6711:Tarragona
6660:Chashniki
6560:Salamanca
6484:Tarragona
6408:Barquilla
6362:Almonacid
6322:Stockerau
6292:Stralsund
6262:2nd Porto
6242:Ebelsberg
6212:Abensberg
6182:1st Porto
6142:Castellón
6126:Benavente
6091:Valmaseda
6005:Friedland
6000:Heilsberg
5970:Ostrołęka
5960:Mohrungen
5894:Magdeburg
5823:Amstetten
5808:Trafalgar
5793:Elchingen
5778:Wertingen
5676:Brunswick
5601:Coalition
4944:Louis XVI
4939:Charles X
4590:The Plain
4501:Girondins
4441:Lafayette
4102:(Walloon)
4084:Pál Kray
4060:(Walloon)
3602:(1800–02)
3453:Quasi-War
2912:Consulate
2798:(1795–99)
2253:Consulate
2246:Directory
1914:633662790
1891:191704722
1640:, p. 236.
1538:. London.
1521:Blagdon,
1508:(1803)",
1495:1984:465.
1169:Citations
1024:Alexander
973:Breakdown
935:John Carr
791:Gibraltar
350:Concordat
290:X in the
273:Sri Lanka
185:Full text
171:Languages
105:Effective
7611:Uniforms
7525:Chaumont
7443:Treaties
7144:Joseph I
7084:Napoleon
7028:Waterloo
6968:Casaglia
6932:Toulouse
6816:Sehested
6791:Bidassoa
6771:2nd Kulm
6756:1st Kulm
6746:Katzbach
6736:Sorauren
6731:Pyrenees
6696:Castalla
6680:Berezina
6670:Smoliani
6640:Tarutino
6625:Borodino
6615:Valutino
6605:Smolensk
6575:Ostrovno
6545:Maguilla
6509:Valencia
6499:Saguntum
6347:Talavera
6227:Ratisbon
6217:Landshut
6192:Bergisel
6187:Medellín
6101:Espinosa
6061:Valencia
5934:Czarnowo
5904:Pasewalk
5899:Prenzlau
5874:Saalfeld
5813:Caldiero
5783:Günzburg
5661:Sardinia
5636:Portugal
5304:Panthéon
5292:Muscadin
5287:Marianne
5226:Voltaire
5105:Jacobins
5098:Factions
4638:Mirabeau
4094:(French)
2988:Jemappes
2972:Dauphiné
2455:Nobility
2267:Journals
2260:Glossary
2239:Republic
2211:Timeline
2061:57134421
2030:56419314
1945:(2004).
1618:, p. 69.
1445:Archived
1122:Pichegru
1118:Cadoudal
1107:Prairial
755:and the
736:Trinidad
547:Trinidad
450:Napoleon
288:Germinal
277:Trinidad
91:Location
7358:Related
6937:Bayonne
6902:Craonne
6872:Mormant
6832:Brienne
6806:Nivelle
6796:Leipzig
6751:Dresden
6721:Vitoria
6706:Bautzen
6675:Krasnoi
6620:Mesoten
6580:Vitebsk
6540:Almaraz
6530:Badajoz
6489:Albuera
6474:Almeida
6469:Sabugal
6454:Redinha
6444:Barrosa
6423:Bussaco
6418:Almeida
6398:Astorga
6367:Tamames
6327:Gefrees
6282:Alcañiz
6222:Eckmühl
6152:Corunna
6121:Sahagún
6086:Zornoza
6081:Vimeiro
6051:Cabezón
5975:Kolberg
5944:Pułtusk
5939:Golymin
5929:Hamelin
5909:Stettin
5869:Schleiz
5714:Prelude
5706:battles
5681:Hanover
5626:Prussia
5616:Austria
5554:Bavaria
5534:Etruria
5529:Holland
5501:France,
5494:gerents
5186:Diderot
4932:Figures
4817:Enragés
4523:Father
4234:Prussia
4166:Britain
4115:(Saxon)
4073:(Swiss)
4040:Austria
1968:2946787
1863:1721795
1063:Hanover
1059:Hamburg
994:of the
992:elector
990:was an
943:émigrés
912:Demidov
797:Menorca
785:neutral
713:to the
562:English
551:Menorca
515:Ottoman
419:Marengo
224:
175:English
7683:Amiens
7535:Mantua
7485:Cintra
7480:Tilsit
7460:Amiens
6998:Ancona
6983:Pesaro
6953:Panaro
6882:Orthez
6867:Garris
6781:Roßlau
6776:Göhrde
6716:Luckau
6701:Lützen
6665:Vyazma
6635:Burgos
6630:Moscow
6585:Kobryn
6494:Usagre
6449:Pombal
6439:Gebora
6312:Wagram
6272:Tarvis
6247:Girona
6207:Raszyn
6197:Sacile
6106:Tudela
6096:Burgos
6076:Roliça
6071:Bailén
5990:Mileto
5980:Danzig
5919:Lübeck
5884:Erfurt
5803:Verona
5686:Nassau
5666:Sweden
5656:Persia
5641:Sicily
5621:Russia
5603:forces
5586:Persia
5559:Saxony
5544:Naples
5514:France
5492:Belli-
4925:Others
4264:Russia
3698:France
3363:(1797)
3233:(1796)
2968:Vendée
2945:Verdun
2772:1795–6
2715:Danton
2274:Museum
2204:Causes
2059:
2049:
2028:
2018:
2005:online
1989:
1966:
1912:
1889:
1861:
1826:
1512:, 2008
1314:
1067:Baltic
929:, and
862:Louvre
848:(1803)
777:Comino
742:Ceylon
587:Joseph
566:German
558:French
539:Greece
523:Ceylon
398:, the
331:Russia
284:Amiens
275:) and
269:Ceylon
261:Naples
239:, the
237:France
213:French
179:French
99:France
95:Amiens
83:Signed
67:, 1853
7601:Films
7033:Wavre
7023:Ligny
7013:Gaeta
6973:Ronco
6963:Carpi
6927:Paris
6897:Reims
6801:Hanau
6393:Cádiz
6372:Ocaña
6357:Ölper
6302:María
6267:Wörgl
6257:Grijó
6157:Valls
6147:Uclés
6041:Bruch
5965:Eylau
5889:Halle
5864:Maida
5854:Gaeta
5704:Major
5631:Spain
5591:Spain
5524:Italy
5382:Films
4299:Spain
3932:]
3000:]
2993:Namur
2978:Lille
2955:Valmy
1983:11–50
769:Malta
729:Egypt
690:Terms
507:Malta
294:) by
265:Egypt
7530:Kiel
7520:Ried
7066:Info
7053:Issy
6946:1815
6892:Laon
6825:1814
6689:1813
6555:Ekau
6518:1812
6432:1811
6386:1810
6307:Graz
6297:Raab
6135:1809
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