Pedestrian zone - Knowledge

1697: 968: 389: 2482: 159: 548: 2423: 1462: 498: 1816: 1550: 983: 2378: 1116:, which is not a single street but a series of interconnected avenues which create a very large pedestrian zone, although it is crossed in places by streets with vehicular traffic. Most of these zones allow delivery trucks to service the businesses there during the early morning, and street-cleaning vehicles will usually go through these streets after most shops have closed for the night. It has grown in size from 15,800 square metres (3.9 acres) in 1962 to 95,750 square metres (23.66 acres) in 1996. 1760: 998: 1012: 743: 335: 1453:. These pedestrian zones were more closely tied to the success of retail than in Europe, and by the 1980s, most did not succeed competing with ever more elaborate enclosed malls. Almost all of this generation of pedestrian malls built from 1959 through to the 1970s, have disappeared, or were shrunk down in the 1990s at the request of the retailers. Half of Kalamazoo's pedestrian mall has been converted into a regular street with auto traffic, though with wide sidewalks. 2228: 404: 915: 144: 528: 1624: 1261: 45: 269: 1836: 308:, Germany. This was in Limbecker Straße, a very narrow shopping street that could not accommodate both vehicular and pedestrian traffic. Two other German cities followed this model in the early 1930s, but the idea was not seen outside Germany. Following the devastation of the Second World War a number of European cities implemented plans to pedestrianise city streets, although usually on a largely 1898: 831: 1231:

In Britain, shopping streets primarily for pedestrians date back to the thirteenth century. A 1981 study found that many Victorian and later arcades continued to be used. A third of London's 168 precincts at that time had been built before 1939, as were a tenth of the 1,304 precincts in the U.K. as a

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Downtown Rio de Janeiro, Ouvidor Street, over almost its entire length, has been continually a pedestrian space since the mid-nineteenth century when not even carts or carriages were allowed. And the Saara District, also downtown, consists of some dozen or more blocks of colonial streets, off-limits

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Most intensive pedestrian traffic flows on a summer weekday have been recorded in Bourke Street Mall Melbourne with 81,000 pedestrians (2004), Rundle Mall Adelaide with 61,360 pedestrians (2002), Pitt Street Mall Sydney with 58,140 (2007) and Murray Street Mall Perth with 48,350 pedestrians (2009).

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in 1959. Rotterdam has since expanded the pedestrian zone to other streets. As of 2018, Rotterdam featured three different types of pedestrian zones: "pedestrian zones", "pedestrian zones, cycling permitted outside of shopping hours", and "pedestrian zones, cycling permitted 24/7". Three exceptions

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for pedestrians, to enhance the amount of shopping and other business activities in the area or to improve the attractiveness of the local environment in terms of aesthetics, air pollution, noise and crashes involving motor vehicle with pedestrians. In some cases, motor traffic in surrounding areas

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World Festival. Instead of cars, residents used non-motorized vehicles provided by the festival organizers. The experiment was not unopposed; however, on balance it was considered a success. Following the festival, the city embarked on discussions about adopting the practice on a permanent basis.

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Early post-1945 new towns carried on the tradition of providing some traffic-free shopping streets. However, in the conversion of traditional shopping streets to pedestrian precincts, Britain started only in 1967 (versus Germany's first conversion in 1929, or the first in the U.S. in 1959). Since

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was the first American city to implement a "pedestrian mall" in its downtown core. This became a method that some cities applied for their downtowns to compete with the growing suburban shopping malls of the time. In the 1960s and 70s, over 200 towns in the United States adopted this approach.

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Pedestrianisation was also common in the United States during the 1950s and 60s as downtown businesses attempted to compete with new suburban shopping malls. However, most of these initiatives were not successful in the long term, and about 90% have been changed back to motorised areas.

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basis, through the early 1950s, with little landscaping or planning. By 1955 twenty-one German cities had closed at least one street to automobile traffic, although only four were "true" pedestrian streets, designed for the purpose. At this time pedestrianisation was not seen as a

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increases, as it is displaced rather than replaced. Nonetheless, pedestrianisation schemes are often associated with significant falls in local air and noise pollution and in accidents, and frequently with increased retail turnover and increased property values locally.

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is largely pedestrian. The steep and/or narrow side streets were never accessible by cars and most other streets were pedestrianized in the 1960s after through traffic was moved to a system of former flood control tunnels that was no longer necessary due to a new dam.

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in 1971. Of 58 pedestrian streets created in Australia in the last quarter of the 20th century, 48 remain today, ten having re-introduced car access between 1990 and 2004. All capital cities in Australia have at least one pedestrian street of which most central are:

574:, which occupies many islands in a lagoon, divided by and accessed from canals. Motor traffic stops at the car park at the head of the viaduct from the mainland, and water transport and walking take over from there. However, motor vehicles are allowed on the nearby 2452:, also commonly known as Cashel Mall. The concept was first proposed in 1965, around the same time Wellington proposed Cuba Street's pedestrianisation. After the success of Cuba Mall in Wellington, Christchurch decided to continue with the plans. In 1976 the 2504:

which was a pedestrian-only space that opened in 1980 but was turned into a road again in 2003. Many proposals have been made to pedestrianise all or most of Queen Street, such as in 1971, 1972, 1973, 1978, 1979, 2011, 2018, 2021 and most recently in 2022.

1184:) within the boundaries of the following streets and squares: Nieuwe Plein, Willemsplein, Gele Rijdersplein, Looierstraat, Velperbinnensingel, Koningsplein, St. Catharinaplaats, Beekstraat, Walburgstraat, Turfstraat, Kleine Oord, and Nieuwe Oeverstraat. 947:

Local shopkeepers may be critical of the effect of pedestrianization on their businesses. Reduced through traffic can lead to fewer customers using local businesses, depending on the environment and the area's dependence on the through traffic.

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This definition (which they distinguish from the more common "low car development") is based mainly on experience in North West Europe, where the movement for car-free development began. Within this definition, three types are identified:

481:, the city pedestrianized 19 kilometres (12 mi) of streets and 235,000 square metres (58 acres) of spaces in total. The COVID-19 pandemic gave also birth to proposals for radical change in the organisation of the city, in particular 219:

development generally implies a large-scale pedestrianised area that relies on modes of transport other than the car, while pedestrian zones may vary in size from a single square to entire districts, but with highly variable degrees of

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Town Centre–style pedestrian malls rose in popularity in the 1970 & 1980s, springing up around New Zealand after the success of Cuba Mall. Many, however, have since fallen into disrepair and abandonment and are now classified as

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A pedestrian zone is often limited in scope: for example, a single square or a few streets reserved for pedestrians, within a city where residents still largely get around in cars. A car-free town, city or region may be much larger.

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have car-free zones and strictly limit automobile use during the summer season and in certain areas, also forbidding travel at night. Some areas provide exceptions for police and emergency vehicles; Heligoland also bans bicycles.

1915:, since 2000, the government has been implementing full-time or part-time pedestrian streets in a number of areas, including Causeway Bay, Central, Wan Chai, Mong Kok, and Tsim Sha Tsui. The most popular pedestrian street is 2818: 860:

Several studies have been carried out on European carfree developments. The most comprehensive was conducted in 2000 by Jan Scheurer. Other more recent studies have been made of specific car-free areas such as Vienna's

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to motor vehicles could apply to specific sections of these three zones, namely: "logistics allowed within window times (5 to 10:30 a.m)", "logistics allowed 24/7", and "commercial traffic allowed during market days".

1429:, which had previously been a shopping street with traffic, was converted into a pedestrian only street in 1960. The designer was Morris Lapidus. Lincoln Road Mall is now one of the main attractions in Miami Beach. 785:

Many cities close certain streets to automobiles, typically on weekends and especially in warm weather, to provide more urban space for recreation, and to increase foot traffic to nearby businesses. Examples include

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and cost $ 4 Billion NZD to build. It is designed to have 4,400 homes and is projected to decrease normal car usage by 90% compared to typical suburbs. It has run into challenges after the project being rejected by

1528:, is intended to be the nation's first market-rate rental apartment district to ban its tenants from owning cars. Bikes and emergency vehicles are allowed. It has received significant investments from executives at 1517:

is entirely car-free, the only community in the United States where mail is still carried out by mule. Supai is located eight miles from the nearest road, and is accessible only by foot, horse/mule, or helicopter.

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In India, a citizens' initiative in Goa state, has made 18 June Road, Panjim's main shopping boulevard a Non-Motorised Zone(NoMoZo). The road is converted into a NoMoZo for half a day on one Sunday every month.

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Scheurer, J. (2001) Urban Ecology, Innovations in Housing Policy and the Future of Cities: Towards Sustainability in Neighbourhood CommunitiesThesis (PhD), Murdoch University Institute of Sustainable Transport.

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The idea of exclusive pedestrian zones lost popularity through the 1980s and into the 1990s and results were generally disappointing, but are enjoying a renaissance with the 1989 renovation and relaunch of the

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Castillo-Manzano, José; Lopez-Valpuesta, Lourdes; Asencio-Flores, Juan P. (2014). "Extending pedestrianization processes outside the old city center; conflict and benefits in the case of the city of Seville".

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In the city of Arequipa, Mercaderes is also a considerably large pedestrian street. Also, recently three of the four streets surrounding the city's main square or "Plaza de Armas" were also made pedestrian.

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indicate an increase of pedestrian traffic as result of public domain improvements in the centres of Melbourne with 39% increase between 1994 and 2004 and Perth with 13% increase between 1993 and 2009.

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lines were removed and the street was closed off to auto traffic, and after public pressure to keep it closed to automobiles, part of the street was pedestrianised in 1969 and reopened as Cuba Mall.

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in 1896, making it auto-free. The original ban still stands, except for emergency vehicles. Travel on the island is largely by foot, bicycle, or horse-drawn carriage. An 8-mile (13 km) road,

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In Pune, Maharashtra, similar efforts have been made to convert M.G. Road (a.k.a. Main Street) into an open-air mall. The project in question aimed to create a so-called "Walking Plaza".

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is a neighbourhood and shopping district in the Wanhua District of Taipei, Taiwan. It was the first pedestrian zone in Taiwan. The district is very popular in Taiwan. In central Taiwan,

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is a 6-hectare neighborhood where cars may only access parking areas from the streets that form the edges of the neighborhood; all of the inner areas of the neighborhood are car-free.

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to cars, and crowded with daytime shoppers. Likewise, many of the city's hillside favelas are effectively pedestrian zones as the streets are too narrow and/or steep for automobiles.

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Ornetzeder, M., Hertwich, E.G., Hubacek, K., Korytarova, K. and Haas, W. (2008) The environmental effect of car-free housing: A case in Vienna. Ecological Economics 65 (3), 516-530.

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was pedestrianised, and eventually in August 1982 the entire City Mall was pedestrianised and fully opened to the public. The area was repaved in the late 2000s and again after the

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was converted into a pedestrian mall in the 1960s to become what is now the Third Street Promenade, a very popular shopping district located just a few blocks from the beach and

2922: 284:. Separated shopping arcades were constructed throughout Europe in the 19th century, precursors of modern shopping malls. A number of architects and city planners, including 2407:

off Perth is car-free, only allowing vehicles for essential services. Bicycles are the main form of transport on the island; they can be hired or brought over on the ferry.

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is auto-free. The only cars allowed on the island are police and ambulance vehicles. In Rio de Janeiro, the roads beside the beaches are auto-free on Sundays and holidays.

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in the United States and Australia) are areas of a city or town restricted to use by people on foot or human-powered transport such as bicycles, with non-emergency motor

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The more common form of carfree development involves some sort of physical barrier, which prevents motor vehicles from penetrating into a car-free interior. Melia

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The main problems related to parking management. Where parking is not controlled in the surrounding area, this often results in complaints from neighbours about

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A car-free zone is different from a typical pedestrian zone, in that it implies a development largely predicated on modes of transport other than the car.

2525:. Pedestrian malls are still being built, however much more scarcely and now are usually called Town Centres and have parking on the outskirts, including 1651: 1337:

was a run-down section of buildings on Granville Street built in the 1840s that was restored in the late 1970s. The area was then closed off to vehicles.

4556: 3800: 4455: 1882: 1052:, is a large pedestrian avenue. The avenue was inaugurated in 2007 and is mainly home to residential buildings, offices, luxury shops and restaurants. 3069: 3386: 677:

To assist with transport from the car parks in at the edge of car-free cities, there are often bus stations, bicycle sharing stations, and the like.

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and in many cases to provide extra rooms for restaurants to serve food on patios extended into the newly available spaces. In the United States,

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in Belgium: the pedestrian zone was extended in 2017 from 35 to more than 50 hectares (123 acres), one of the largest car-free areas in Europe.

345: 4633: 4107: 3663: 2973:"New York will open up to 100 miles of streets to pedestrians: The move will help New Yorkers socially distance amid the coronavirus pandemic" 1236:

then growth was rapid, such that by 1980 a study found that most British towns and cities had a pedestrian shopping precinct; 1,304 in total.

2838:"The Experiment of American Pedestrian Malls: Trends Analysis, Necessary Indicators for Success and Recommendations for Fresno's Fulton Mall" 1198:, which became Europe's first purpose-built pedestrian street. The Lijnbaan served as a model for many other such streets in the early post- 3866: 1025:

A large number of European towns and cities have made part of their centres car-free since the early 1960s. These are often accompanied by

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have been pedestrianised since 1913, which makes it one of the oldest car-free thoroughfares in the world today. Pedestrianised Florida,

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connecting the center of that city from both southward and northward wings of Brasília, perpendicular to the well known Eixo Monumental (

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is one of the oldest and largest: it was converted from car traffic into a pedestrian zone in 1962 as an experiment, and is centered on

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does not allow automobiles past the city walls. It is known as the "Silent City" because of the absence of motor traffic in the city.

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rings the island, and numerous roads cover the interior. M-185 is the only highway in the United States without motorized vehicles.

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Jirón de La Unión in Lima is a traditional pedestrian street located in the Historic Centre of Lima, part of the capital of Peru.

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has made most of its town centre a pedestrian zone with the lower part of Ballarat Street converted in the 1970s and turned into

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development area a pedestrian zone. If the proposals are passed, the zone could be one of the largest in the world, by area.

1346: 1072:), in phases starting in 2015 and will cover 50 hectares (120 acres). The area covers much of the historic center within the 418:

In the United States, several pedestrian zones in major tourist areas were successful, such as the renovation of the mall in

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during which corrosive liquids were placed in plastic bottles and thrown from the roof of apartments down onto the street.

6483: 449:; and the new pedestrian zone created in the mid-2010s in New York City including along Broadway (the street) and around 3827: 3712: 296:, in the 19th and early 20th centuries proposed plans to separate pedestrians from traffic in various new developments. 3190: 2802: 2777: 2614: 673:

in southeastern China. The only vehicles permitted are small electric buggies and electric government service vehicles.

88: 1781:, and as of 30 June 2020, is expanding the number to 42 pedestrian streets. Génova is a busy pedestrian street in the 6516: 6231: 4480: 4347: 3638: 375: 128: 2906: 2171:, with its population of 156,000, may be the world's largest contiguous completely carfree area, and the medinas of 1720: 1081: 6193: 2339:. Many other mid-sized and regional Australian cities also feature pedestrian malls, examples include Rooke Street 1318:

group, are also car-free zones for all 700 residents. Since summer 2004, Toronto has also been experimenting with "

62: 485:, being the pedestrianisation of the whole city one of the key elements, proposing an inversion of the concept of 280:. However, the earliest modern implementation of the idea in cities seems to date from about 1800, when the first 6435: 5323: 5288: 3761: 95: 17: 944:. The director of the gallery is reported to have blamed pedestrianization for the "trashing of a civic space". 6198: 5313: 5298: 4913: 1774: 1767: 66: 3047: 3024: 2478:. Most recently, Lower Beach Street has been partially pedestrianised with now only one-way traffic for cars. 6175: 6165: 5402: 5293: 4938: 3797: 2684:

Chiquetto, Sergio (1997). "The Environmental Impacts from the Implementation of a Pedestrianization Scheme".

2207: 4398: 4296: 2988:"Madrid peatonalizará 29 calles los fines de semana y festivos y abrirá los parques de los distritos mañana" 77: 6170: 5984: 5509: 5372: 5328: 4026: 2658: 2465: 2113:, are the most popular for both local and tourists shopping streets. Additionally the city has built long 1514: 1097: 4888: 4426: 2866: 5891: 5781: 4978: 4201: 1323: 1191: 439: 3904: 3457:[2004 Regulation on exemptions for driving in the pedestrian zone in the inner city of Arnhem]. 3338: 2007:

in which a man rammed a truck into the pedestrian traffic and subsequently stabbed more than 12 people.

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Can Rail Save the City? The impacts of rapid transit and pedestrianisation on British and German cities

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Can Rail Save the City? The impacts of rapid transit and pedestrianisation on British and German cities

2461: 2457: 2336: 1125: 795: 638:, does not permit automobiles on its territory. Trucks and work-related vehicles only are in use there. 1919:. It was converted into a pedestrian street in 2003. From December 2008 to May 2009, there were three 1252:

is a pedestrian street (except for a historic streetcar that runs along it) and a major tourist draw.

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In the early 1980s, the Alternative Liste für Demokratie und Umweltschutz (which later became part of

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and Paseo Estado in Santiago, Paseo Barros Arana in Concepción and Calle Valparaíso in Viña del Mar.

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The idea of separating pedestrians from wheeled traffic is an old one, dating back at least to the

6577: 6551: 6531: 6333: 3117: 2867:"Santa Monica's Third Street Promenade: the failure and resurgence of a downtown pedestrian mall" 2514: 2471: 2449: 2434: 2118: 1854: 1504: 1401: 1389: 1306:(with certain areas open to parking for permit holders) and part of Prince Arthur Street and the 388: 55: 3735: 2448:, made its main shopping streets (Cashel & High Street) pedestrian-only in 1982 and created 2280: 2097:

are designed to be all-time closed to automobile traffic, the city's famous shopping streets of

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The first "pedestrianisation" of an existing street seems to have taken place "around 1929" in

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This article is about parts of urban areas without cars. For mixed-use areas without cars, see

1461: 6224: 6055: 5776: 5392: 5283: 4883: 4685:"Winton's $ 4b Sunfield development: Why efforts to remove red tape are proving so difficult" 3574: 2453: 2381: 2320: 2292: 2264: 1920: 1916: 1901: 1307: 774: 746: 423: 158: 102: 2037:, streets were closed to cars as a month-long car-free experiment while the city hosted the 1565: 1194:

in May 1940. The city decided to build a central shopping street, for pedestrians only, the

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In May 2019, the North Delhi Municipal Corporation (NDMC) made the busy Ajmal Khan Road in

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policy, but rather as a complement to customers who would arrive by car in a city centre.

8: 6389: 6050: 5924: 5643: 5599: 5487: 5339: 5278: 5034: 5019: 5014: 4908: 4842: 4799: 3429: 2953: 2596: 2359: 2340: 2328: 2251: 1731: 1412: 1373: 1287: 618:, an international model of pedestrianization, almost 50% of the city is pedestrianised.; 353: 2697: 1815: 1712: 1549: 6394: 5954: 5768: 5753: 5564: 5499: 5422: 5407: 5352: 5256: 5190: 5180: 5151: 5088: 4958: 4923: 4081: 3946: 3908: 3620: 2886: 2626: 2607: 2102: 2004: 1669: 1627: 1569: 1484: 1334: 1001: 773:, there is a removable barrier, controlled by a residents' organisation. In Amsterdam, 465:

in 2020, some cities had made the pedestrianization of additional streets to encourage

443: 435: 31: 4154: 2705: 1249: 1015: 624:, where many, if not most, of the streets are too steep and/or narrow for car traffic. 588:, and there are pedestrian-only streets, but there are also roads with motor vehicles. 497: 227:

Pedestrian zones have a great variety of approaches to human-powered vehicles such as

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and parks which are crowded with people walking at every hour of the day and night.

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Less land is used for parking and roads, so more available for green or social space

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describe this as the "limited access" type. In some cases, such as Stellwerk 60 in

716: 3359: 1384:, created in 1976 and spanning nine city blocks. A number of streets and malls in 6323: 6108: 6068: 5979: 5969: 5939: 5914: 5876: 5832: 5658: 5648: 5579: 5195: 4898: 4229: 4208: 4125: 3929: 3804: 3519:[Overview map of pedestrian and window areas in the centre of Rotterdam] 2475: 2410:

In Melbourne's north-eastern suburbs, there have been many proposals to make the

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is the most well known in western China. Dongmen is the busiest business zone in

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implies a physical change: either build-up or changes to an existing built area.

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Robertson, Kent (1990). "The Status of Pedestrian Malls in American Downtowns".

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Very low levels of car use, resulting in much less traffic on surrounding roads

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and other streets contribute to a vibrant shopping and restaurant scene where

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not allowed. Converting a street or an area to pedestrian-only use is called

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closed up to 100 miles (160 km) of streets to cars across the city. In

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in Vietnam has made 3 roads into pedestrians-only on weekend nights. Also,

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contains some of the largest auto-free areas in the world. Fes-al-Bali, a

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became the first pedestrian-only street in New Zealand when in 1965 the

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there is a large pedestrian street where several boutiques are located.

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also has permanent pedestrian zones in the historic center around the

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Offer no parking or limited parking separated from the residence, and:

527: 6546: 6462: 6378: 6282: 6277: 5944: 5791: 5678: 5638: 5628: 5623: 5514: 5382: 5377: 5227: 5146: 5103: 5054: 5044: 5039: 5029: 2510: 2284: 2243: 2211: 2188: 2074: 2050: 2000: 1988: 1912: 1905: 1623: 1446: 1361: 1260: 1219: 1187: 1145: 1133: 1077: 975: 660: 564: 552: 532: 502: 482: 446: 411: 2553:

for fast-tracking following Covid-19; construction authorities took

2033:

Also in South Korea, in 2013, in the Haenggun-dong neighbourhood of

1708: 143: 44: 6384: 6257: 6137: 6132: 5964: 5713: 5708: 5569: 5534: 5472: 5118: 5093: 4918: 4531:"Auckland Council gives the go-ahead to pedestrianise Queen Street" 2610: – Urban planning for mixed-use areas prioritising pedestrians 2586: 2581: 2541: 2537: 2489: 2393: 2355: 2304: 2296: 2259: 2199: 2098: 2086: 2066: 2015: 1932: 1878: 1870: 1673: 1631: 1533: 1311: 1245: 1195: 1065: 1026: 1019: 990: 971: 750: 666: 268: 207:

Pedestrianisation usually aims to provide better accessibility and

6209: 2536:

A proposal has been made for a pedestrian priority community near

2518: 2069:. In Southern Taiwan, the most famous pedestrian shopping area is 1029:

on the edge of the pedestrianised zone, and, in the larger cases,

506: 6240: 6035: 6019: 5688: 5539: 5049: 5024: 4861:

Dual carriageway / Divided highway / Expressway

4791: 2623: – Urban planning restricting through traffic of automobiles 2371: 2363: 2344: 2192: 2168: 2133: 2114: 2094: 1995:

are closed to vehicles during weekends. One particular temporary

1874: 1866: 1835: 1612: 1604: 1573: 1465: 1303: 1291: 1211: 1061: 1049: 770: 581: 228: 197: 4421: 4419: 3048:"Manifiesto por la reorganización de la ciudad tras el COVID-19" 6430: 6366: 6142: 5812: 5222: 5185: 4634:"Auckland's small town of Drury to get a brand new town centre" 3639:"City of Charlottesville Downtown Mall Schematic Design Report" 2530: 2385: 2324: 2276: 2235: 2184: 2058: 2054: 1980: 1886: 1283: 1264: 1207: 1203: 1173: 1141: 1005: 926: 791: 754: 706:

Are designed to enable residents to live without owning a car."

670: 635: 474: 309: 248: 244: 147: 3762:"The Capital of Sprawl Gets a Radically Car-Free Neighborhood" 3409:"Reclaiming city streets for people: Chaos or quality of life" 1857:

in Shanghai is perhaps the most well-known pedestrian zone in

1611:

dancers abound, streets are crossed with vehicular traffic at

6404: 6361: 4416: 2316: 2176: 2172: 2137: 2034: 2019: 1992: 1972: 1940: 1716: 1483:, between the upper and lower peninsulas of Michigan, banned 646: 642: 615: 605: 600: 478: 305: 4582:"Petition launched to pedestrianise Auckland's Queen Street" 3511: 3509: 3507: 3003:"Manifesto for the Reorganisation of the City after COVID19" 4822: 3867:"Arequipa: Hoy la plaza de armas es solo para los peatones" 2604: – Traffic calming in spaces shared between road users 1865:

is a famous tourist and retail oriented pedestrian zone in

1658:, which is 13 kilometers long and 30 meters wide and is an 1529: 1524:, a 17-acre (0.069 square kilometers) car-free district in 652: 252: 167: 163: 3070:"Alleen koppigaards kunnen zo'n circulatieplan doorvoeren" 1897: 700:

Normally provide a traffic-free immediate environment, and

559:

A number of towns and cities in Europe have never allowed

5653: 3504: 2686:

Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment

2164: 1128:

ban or strictly limit the private use of motor vehicles.

4374:"Pedestrian-dominated space revealed for lower Queen St" 1676:

is one of the first major pedestrian streets in Brazil.

3313:"'They're going to ruin us with the pedestrianization'" 3287:"Trafalgar Square is being trashed, says gallery chief" 2065:

is one of the most popular pedestrian shopping area in

1963:

in Bangalore went through a pedestrianization process

1684:

Chile has many large pedestrian streets. An example is

3416:

European Union, Directorate General of the Environment

3173: 3171: 3156: 1979:(歩行者天国, literally "pedestrian heaven"). Clis Road, in 1068:

implemented Europe's largest pedestrian zone (French:

878:

More independent movement and active play for children

4108:"Vietnam's Hue City formally opens 3 walking streets" 3387:"In Car-Choked Brussels, the Pedestrians Are Winning" 3025:"Por una Barcelona menos mercantilizada y más humana" 2148:

also changed Nguyễn Huệ street into pedestrian zone.

749:

pedestrian zone at night with New Year decoration in

516: 584:

in the Swiss Alps. Most visitors reach Zermatt by a

4735:"Kāinga Ora hits back over anti-competition claims" 3905:"MMRDA questions council's new designs on Matheran" 3168: 3144: 3132: 1666:in English), is auto-free on Sundays and holidays. 1449:and recent pedestrianization of various streets in 885:The main benefits found for car-free developments: 69:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3484: 2942: 1734:closes some streets to cars during certain hours. 1190:'s city center was almost completely destroyed by 738:Pedestrianised centres with residential population 4197: 4195: 4052:"Report presents legacy of car-free neighborhood" 3828:"Some Urban Observations From My Mexico Vacation" 3360:"Project. Pedestrian Zone, Brussels city website" 3339:"Yerevan Remade: The Case of the Northern Avenue" 3244:"These Cities' Car-Free Streets Are Here to Stay" 932:There were calls for traffic to be reinstated in 719:: it is not "carfree", but "parking-space-free" ( 6569: 2629: – Changing streets to focus on non-car use 4295:Moore, Martin; Heather, Ben (29 October 2011). 2151: 27:Urban car-free area reserved for pedestrian use 4192: 4027:"Locals applaud car-free month in Korean city" 3753: 3480: 3478: 3476: 3384: 6225: 4807: 4218: 4216: 3896: 3576:Finding a Role?: The United Kingdom 1970–1990 2792: 2767: 1983:, Japan, is a covered pedestrian mall, as is 1576:, have lively pedestrianised street centers ( 1314:. Algonquin and Ward's Islands, parts of the 780: 342:The examples and perspective in this section 4557:"Jack Tame: Get rid of cars on Queen street" 4294: 3727: 3598: 3596: 3459:repository.officiele-overheidspublicaties.nl 1507:(with the exception of emergency vehicles). 1351: 4766:"Carfree, low-car – What's the Difference?" 4348:"Street may be pedestrian mall permanently" 3473: 3116:. Mike looks at the map. 19 November 2018. 2797:. Aldershot: Gower Publishing. p. 89. 2772:. Aldershot: Gower Publishing. p. 83. 2679: 2677: 2675: 1885:is a historical large pedestrian street in 282:covered shopping arcade was opened in Paris 6232: 6218: 4814: 4800: 4213: 3644:. Wallace Roberts & Todd LLC. May 2005 3551: 3549: 1943:since the time it was discovered in 1854. 868:Characteristics of car-free developments: 659:, is a car-free zone where only bicycles, 430:; the creation of the covered, pedestrian 360:, or create a new section, as appropriate. 4223:City of Perth - Public Spaces Public Life 4187:Australian Outdoor Pedestrian Mall Survey 3759: 3602: 3593: 3045: 2948: 2920: 2902: 2900: 2741: 2683: 1931:Vehicles have been banned in the town of 936:, London, after pedestrianization caused 909: 851:) zones: history, examples, pros and cons 843:Introduction to pedestrian, car-free and 630:, an autonomous monastic state under the 376:Learn how and when to remove this message 129:Learn how and when to remove this message 4773:World Transport Policy & Practice 16 4371: 4345: 4245:"Streets, avenues and pedestrian spaces" 4024: 3572: 3485:Renate van der Zee (19 September 2018). 3261: 2672: 2480: 2421: 2376: 2226: 1896: 1834: 1814: 1758: 1695: 1622: 1548: 1460: 1259: 1010: 996: 981: 966: 951: 913: 829: 741: 663:and tractors are used as transportation. 546: 526: 496: 492: 402: 387: 267: 157: 142: 6522:International Federation of Pedestrians 4682: 4481:"The Queen Street Mall Trial, May 1979" 3980:. Press Trust of India. 10 October 2019 3733: 3579:. Oxford University Press. p. 71. 3555: 3546: 3114:"Pontevedra - How To Ban Cars Downtown" 3000: 2985: 2970: 2793:Hall, Peter; Hass-Klau, Carmen (1985). 2768:Hall, Peter; Hass-Klau, Carmen (1985). 2496:was re-pedestrianised in 2020 creating 1456: 680: 14: 6570: 3888:Hong Kong Transport Department Website 3692: 3366:from the original on 21 September 2020 3022: 2897: 2864: 2763: 2761: 2759: 2757: 2755: 2753: 2125:are routinely closed to auto traffic. 1830: 1715:, created several pedestrian streets, 1707:During his 1998–2001 term, the former 760: 551:Sign for pedestrian street in Central 6213: 5910:Median / Central reservation 4795: 4763: 4683:Fonseka, Dileepa (31 December 2022). 4485:The Queen Street Mall Trial, May 1979 4450: 4448: 4239: 4237: 4025:Strother, Jason (30 September 2013). 3998: 3686: 3183: 3177: 3162: 3150: 3138: 3120:from the original on 12 December 2021 1347:Pedestrian malls in the United States 263: 4506:"Queen St car ban touted by Council" 4399:"Lower Queen Street pedestrian mall" 3999:Reddy, Y Maheswara (14 April 2023). 3942:"MG Road walking plaza will be back" 3760:Dougherty, Conor (31 October 2020). 3573:Harrison, Brian (9 September 2011). 2786: 1777:has 12 pedestrian streets including 1214:, and the UK's first pedestrianised 1156:) unsuccessfully campaigned to make 1090:Place de Brouckère/De Brouckèreplein 535:, Germany, coexists with a tramline. 456: 328: 67:adding citations to reliable sources 38: 6239: 4346:Roxburgh, Tracey (23 August 2016). 4297:"Christchurch's City Mall re-opens" 4155:"Nachalat Binyamin Pedestrian Mall" 3902: 2971:Spivack, Caroline (27 April 2020). 2750: 2444:New Zealand's second-largest city, 1388:are now pedestrian-only, including 895:Better built environment conditions 247:have no motorized traffic, but use 224:for their broader transport links. 24: 5828:Risk compensation (road transport) 4821: 4445: 4270:"Cuba Street has time on its side" 4234: 3701:(From opposition to cohabitation). 3385:O'Sullivan, Feargus (1 May 2019). 3241: 3001:Paolini, Massimo (20 April 2020). 2921:Nickoloff, Annie (22 April 2021). 2615:Principles of intelligent urbanism 2500:. The area was previously home to 1255: 517:Car free towns, cities and regions 501:Torggatan, a pedestrian street in 25: 6599: 6517:International charter for walking 4372:Jacobson, Adam (4 October 2017). 4122:"Hanoi Walking Street - Silkpath" 3525:Rotterdam city government website 3046:Maiztegui, Belén (18 June 2020). 2835: 1849: 1749:Cathedral Basílica of Santa Marta 1226: 875:High rates of walking and cycling 6194:Glossary of road transport terms 4554: 3695:"Pedestrians, cars and the city" 2734:10.1016/j.habitatint.2014.06.005 2544:. The community would be called 2121:is also closed to auto traffic. 1789:downtown, where mariachis play. 1539: 1340: 333: 150:'s first pedestrian zone on the 43: 4727: 4702: 4676: 4651: 4626: 4600: 4574: 4548: 4523: 4498: 4473: 4391: 4365: 4339: 4314: 4288: 4262: 4180: 4164: 4148: 4132: 4114: 4100: 4074: 4056:EcoMobility world Festival 2013 4044: 4018: 3992: 3966: 3934: 3923: 3881: 3859: 3838: 3820: 3809: 3787: 3705: 3656: 3631: 3566: 3559:Pedestrian Precincts in Britain 3447: 3422: 3401: 3378: 3352: 3331: 3305: 3279: 3270: 3235: 3209: 3106: 3080: 3062: 3039: 3016: 2994: 2979: 2964: 2914: 1278:Some Canadian examples are the 54:needs additional citations for 4177:. Retrieved 10 September 2019. 3734:Johnson, Ryan (22 June 2020). 3693:Feriel, Cédric (29 May 2013). 3430:"§ 50 Straßenverkehrs-Ordnung" 3242:Tu, Maylin (5 December 2022). 2829: 2811: 2712: 2651: 2417: 2010: 1775:Historic center of Mexico City 1768:Historic center of Mexico City 1499:is pedestrianised east of the 1163: 898:Encouragement of active modes. 324: 299: 13: 1: 6176:Pavement performance modeling 6166:International roughness index 4352:Otago Daily Times Online News 4202:Melbourne 'Places for People' 2986:Domingo, Marta (7 May 2020). 2910:, National Urban League, 2020 2706:10.1016/S1361-9209(96)00016-8 2644: 2529:, The Sands Town Centre, and 2026:has a large pedestrian zone ( 1098:Place de la Bourse/Beursplein 1094:Boulevard Anspach/Anspachlaan 993:'s main shopping street, 2007 978:'s main shopping street, 1961 669:, an island off the coast of 555:showing a father and daughter 272:The Galerie Vivienne in Paris 6171:Present serviceability index 5965:Sidewalk / Pavement 5510:Diamond grinding of pavement 4001:"Nightmare on Church Street" 3930:Down To Earth: Walk this way 3319:. Media Wales. 29 April 2010 2222: 2202:has a pedestrian mall, near 2152:Middle East and North Africa 1991:. Several major streets in 1892: 1544: 1515:Havasupai Indian Reservation 825: 7: 6484:Pedestrian circumnavigators 6143:Underpass / Tunnel 6138:Overpass / Flyover 5892:High-occupancy vehicle lane 5782:Driving under the influence 4856:Freeway / Motorway 4779:(2). Eco-Logica Ltd.: 24–32 4460:Auckland History Initiative 4427:"Queen Street's Nine Lives" 3023:Argemí, Anna (8 May 2020). 2560: 2080: 1691: 1468:enjoy the carfree highway ( 855: 542: 356:, discuss the issue on the 10: 6604: 5070:Highway systems by country 4757: 4608:"Rolleston Fields forever" 4161:. Retrieved 6 August 2019. 4145:. Retrieved 6 August 2019. 4139:"Nachalat Binyamin Market" 3617:10.1177/004208169002600206 3434:www.gesetze-im-internet.de 2954:"New York For New Yorkers" 2908:Pedestrian zones in cities 2871:Urban Design International 2557:to court over the matter. 2217: 2142:Old Quarter Walking Street 2128: 1344: 1119: 1103: 1055: 1036: 955: 781:Temporary car-free streets 520: 258: 29: 6542:Walk Safely to School Day 6507: 6476: 6418: 6352: 6306: 6248: 6189: 6181:Granular base equivalency 6151: 6122: 6028: 6000:Traffic signal preemption 5845: 5805: 5767: 5609: 5598: 5450: 5408:Right-in/right-out (RIRO) 5337: 5314:Single-point urban (SPUI) 5254: 5245: 5173: 5078: 4992: 4874: 4841: 4832: 4228:19 September 2009 at the 3293:. ES London. 10 July 2009 3191:"WTPP Index - Main Index" 2370:and Little Mallop Street 2045: 1819:Jirón de La Union in Lima 1754: 1618: 1443:Fremont Street Experience 1352:Downtown pedestrian zones 1273: 1239: 1136:, and all but two of the 1080:built on the site of the 962: 889:Low atmospheric emissions 432:Fremont Street Experience 408:Fremont Street Experience 6344:Walking distance measure 6161:Pavement condition index 5887:High-occupancy toll lane 5882:Contraflow lane reversal 5857:Barrier transfer machine 2458:Christchurch Earthquakes 2030:) during certain hours. 2003:was cancelled after the 1966: 1926: 1725:bus rapid transit system 1679: 1672:(15 November Street) in 1564:Argentina's big cities, 1497:Suffolk County, New York 1439:Santa Monica, California 1294:, Scarth Street Mall in 958:List of pedestrian zones 800:Cambridge, Massachusetts 523:List of pedestrian zones 426:and its relaunch as the 6552:Walking Artists Network 6532:National Pedestrian Day 6436:Long-distance footpaths 6334:Preferred walking speed 5015:Express-collector setup 4274:Wellington City Council 4058:. ICLEI. Archived from 3978:Business Standard India 3796:Calle Florida History: 3605:Urban Affairs Quarterly 3291:London Evening Standard 2865:Pojani, Dorina (2008). 2592:List of car-free places 2515:Bishopdale Village Mall 2204:Nahalat Binyamin Street 2119:Walking Street, Pattaya 1810: 1803:has a pedestrian mall, 1730:The historic center of 1505:Smith Point County Park 1176:has a pedestrian zone ( 1086:Grand-Place/Grote Markt 892:Low road accident rates 715:Vauban model, based on 414:with the neon lights on 392:Pedestrianized area in 6199:Road types by features 6094:Raised pavement marker 6061:Constant-slope barrier 5985:Traffic directionality 5975:Street running railway 5398:Protected intersection 3903:Dey, J (19 May 1999). 3736:"Introducing Culdesac" 3248:Reasons to be Cheerful 2502:Queen Elizabeth Square 2486: 2427: 2389: 2239: 2214:is a pedestrian mall. 2089:, some small streets ( 1908: 1846: 1840:Ancient City of Aleppo 1820: 1770: 1723:integrated with a new 1704: 1700:Tumbacuatro Street in 1634: 1581: 1561: 1501:Fire Island Lighthouse 1477: 1435:Third Street Promenade 1376:is one of the longest 1270: 1181: 1154:Alliance 90/The Greens 1022: 1008: 994: 979: 929: 910:Problems and criticism 865:car-free development. 852: 757: 729: 622:The Old Town of Rhodes 556: 536: 509: 428:Third Street Promenade 415: 400: 273: 170: 155: 6056:Concrete step barrier 5393:Offset T-intersection 4764:Melia, Steve (2010). 2722:Habitat International 2484: 2454:Bridge of Remembrance 2425: 2392:Empirical studies by 2382:Elizabeth Street Mall 2380: 2321:Elizabeth Street Mall 2293:Brunswick Street Mall 2230: 2195:are quite extensive. 1917:Sai Yeung Choi Street 1902:Sai Yeung Choi Street 1900: 1838: 1818: 1762: 1699: 1626: 1552: 1513:, located within the 1464: 1263: 1014: 1000: 985: 970: 952:By region and country 917: 842: 745: 641:The medieval city of 550: 530: 500: 493:Definitions and types 424:Los Angeles' Westside 406: 391: 271: 161: 146: 6099:Road surface marking 5797:Single-vehicle crash 5520:Full depth recycling 5418:Seagull intersection 4207:14 June 2011 at the 4128:on 9 September 2017. 3892:Transport Department 3418:: 16. 13 March 2024. 2362:, Hargreaves Street 1971:Pedestrian zones in 1595:, some stretches of 1457:Outside large cities 1335:Halifax, Nova Scotia 1172:, the inner city of 1138:East Frisian islands 940:for visitors to the 919:The National Gallery 810:; Griffith Drive in 735:Limited Access model 681:Car-free development 592:Other examples are: 354:improve this section 344:may not represent a 186:pedestrian precincts 63:improve this article 6390:Pedestrian crossing 5925:Pedestrian crossing 5488:Reinforced concrete 5324:Three-level diamond 5035:Two-lane expressway 5020:Farm-to-market road 4276:. 16 September 2020 4171:"Ben Yehuda Street" 4062:on 13 December 2013 3803:8 July 2011 at the 3798:www.buenosaires.com 3674:on 7 September 2015 3556:Roberts, J (1981). 3094:. 18 September 2018 2825:on 22 October 2017. 2698:1997TRPD....2..133C 2597:Mobility transition 2426:Cashel Street, 2019 2144:on weekend nights. 1831:South and East Asia 1485:horseless carriages 1413:Greater Los Angeles 1411:in Santa Monica in 1374:Charlottesville, VA 1288:Distillery District 761:Limited access type 655:, an island in the 162:Pedestrian mall in 6395:Pedestrian village 5955:Runaway truck ramp 5777:Driver's education 5565:Rubberized asphalt 5500:Crocodile cracking 5423:Split intersection 5191:Hierarchy of roads 5152:Single carriageway 4741:. 19 December 2022 4403:Auckland Transport 4159:Visit-tel-aviv.com 4088:. 11 December 2023 3947:The Times of India 3909:The Indian Express 3766:The New York Times 3197:on 12 January 2016 2883:10.1057/udi.2008.8 2627:Street reclamation 2608:Pedestrian village 2531:The Landing Wigram 2494:Lower Queen Street 2487: 2439:Wellington tramway 2428: 2390: 2358:, Nicholas Street 2281:Bourke Street Mall 2240: 2005:Akihabara massacre 1909: 1847: 1821: 1771: 1705: 1670:Rua XV de Novembro 1635: 1628:Rua XV de Novembro 1562: 1478: 1320:Pedestrian Sundays 1271: 1268:Sparks Street Mall 1082:14th-century walls 1023: 1009: 1002:Calle de Preciados 995: 980: 930: 853: 758: 732:) in some streets. 685:The term car-free 557: 537: 510: 436:Downtown Las Vegas 416: 401: 274: 264:Origins in arcades 222:dependence on cars 171: 156: 32:Pedestrian village 6583:Pedestrian safety 6565: 6564: 6288:Walker (mobility) 6207: 6206: 6015:Wide outside lane 5841: 5840: 5818:Automotive safety 5699:Road slipperiness 5446: 5445: 5294:Diverging diamond 5241: 5240: 5157:Single-track road 5099:Bicycle boulevard 4614:. 17 January 2022 4143:Touristisrael.com 3586:978-0-19-254399-8 2958:New York Observer 2577:Car-free movement 2523:New Brighton Mall 2519:Otara Town Centre 2331:in Canberra, and 2289:Queen Street Mall 2208:Ben Yehuda Street 1957:pedestrian-only. 1842:, the walkway at 1739:Armenia, Colombia 1711:mayor, U.S.-born 1613:chamfered corners 1605:street performers 1417:Santa Monica Pier 1400:, and a block of 1327:Kensington Market 1216:shopping precinct 1182:voetgangersgebied 1160:a car-free zone. 1084:), including the 1044:, located in the 904:overspill parking 840: 467:social distancing 463:COVID-19 pandemic 457:COVID-19 pandemic 438:; the revival of 386: 385: 378: 315:traffic restraint 202:pedestrianisation 139: 138: 131: 113: 78:"Pedestrian zone" 16:(Redirected from 6595: 6249:Aids, groups and 6234: 6227: 6220: 6211: 6210: 6051:Cat's eye (road) 5872:Complete streets 5644:Dead Man's Curve 5607: 5606: 5545:Pavement milling 5460:Asphalt concrete 5403:Quadrant roadway 5344: 5266: 5252: 5251: 5218:Street hierarchy 4866:Elevated highway 4839: 4838: 4816: 4809: 4802: 4793: 4792: 4788: 4786: 4784: 4770: 4751: 4750: 4748: 4746: 4731: 4725: 4724: 4722: 4720: 4706: 4700: 4699: 4697: 4695: 4680: 4674: 4673: 4671: 4669: 4655: 4649: 4648: 4646: 4644: 4630: 4624: 4623: 4621: 4619: 4604: 4598: 4597: 4595: 4593: 4578: 4572: 4571: 4569: 4567: 4552: 4546: 4545: 4543: 4541: 4527: 4521: 4520: 4518: 4516: 4502: 4496: 4495: 4493: 4491: 4477: 4471: 4470: 4468: 4466: 4452: 4443: 4442: 4440: 4438: 4431:Greater Auckland 4423: 4414: 4413: 4411: 4409: 4395: 4389: 4388: 4386: 4384: 4369: 4363: 4362: 4360: 4358: 4343: 4337: 4336: 4334: 4332: 4318: 4312: 4311: 4309: 4307: 4292: 4286: 4285: 4283: 4281: 4266: 4260: 4259: 4257: 4255: 4241: 4232: 4220: 4211: 4199: 4190: 4184: 4178: 4168: 4162: 4152: 4146: 4136: 4130: 4129: 4124:. Archived from 4118: 4112: 4111: 4104: 4098: 4097: 4095: 4093: 4086:Kaohsiung Travel 4078: 4072: 4071: 4069: 4067: 4048: 4042: 4041: 4039: 4037: 4022: 4016: 4015: 4013: 4011: 4005:Bangalore Mirror 3996: 3990: 3989: 3987: 3985: 3970: 3964: 3963: 3961: 3959: 3950:. Archived from 3938: 3932: 3927: 3921: 3920: 3918: 3916: 3900: 3894: 3885: 3879: 3878: 3876: 3874: 3863: 3857: 3856: 3854: 3852: 3842: 3836: 3835: 3824: 3818: 3813: 3807: 3795: 3791: 3785: 3784: 3782: 3780: 3757: 3751: 3750: 3748: 3746: 3731: 3725: 3724: 3723:on 5 March 2009. 3719:. Archived from 3709: 3703: 3702: 3690: 3684: 3683: 3681: 3679: 3670:. Archived from 3660: 3654: 3653: 3651: 3649: 3643: 3635: 3629: 3628: 3600: 3591: 3590: 3570: 3564: 3563: 3553: 3544: 3543: 3541: 3539: 3534:on 1 August 2022 3533: 3527:. Archived from 3522: 3513: 3502: 3501: 3499: 3497: 3482: 3471: 3470: 3468: 3466: 3461:(in Dutch). 2010 3451: 3445: 3444: 3442: 3440: 3426: 3420: 3419: 3413: 3405: 3399: 3398: 3396: 3394: 3382: 3376: 3375: 3373: 3371: 3356: 3350: 3349: 3347: 3345: 3335: 3329: 3328: 3326: 3324: 3309: 3303: 3302: 3300: 3298: 3283: 3277: 3274: 3268: 3265: 3259: 3258: 3256: 3254: 3239: 3233: 3232: 3230: 3228: 3213: 3207: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3193:. Archived from 3187: 3181: 3175: 3166: 3165:, p. 25–26. 3160: 3154: 3148: 3142: 3136: 3130: 3129: 3127: 3125: 3110: 3104: 3103: 3101: 3099: 3084: 3078: 3077: 3066: 3060: 3059: 3057: 3055: 3043: 3037: 3036: 3034: 3032: 3020: 3014: 3013: 3011: 3009: 2998: 2992: 2991: 2983: 2977: 2976: 2968: 2962: 2961: 2946: 2940: 2939: 2937: 2935: 2928:The Plain Dealer 2918: 2912: 2904: 2895: 2894: 2862: 2853: 2852: 2850: 2848: 2842: 2833: 2827: 2826: 2821:. Archived from 2815: 2809: 2808: 2790: 2784: 2783: 2765: 2748: 2747: 2745: 2716: 2710: 2709: 2681: 2670: 2669: 2667: 2665: 2655: 2621:Street hierarchy 2527:Rolleston Fields 2354:, Bridge Street 2352:Surfers Paradise 2343:Langtree Avenue 2269:Pitt Street Mall 2146:Ho Chi Minh City 2111:Siriraj Hospital 2107:Wang Lang Market 1883:Zhongyang Street 1801:Playa del Carmen 1792:The old city of 1713:Enrique Peñalosa 1584:) combined with 1441:, the 1994-5 1378:pedestrian malls 1250:İstiklal Caddesi 1046:Kentron district 987:Aleksanterinkatu 942:National Gallery 934:Trafalgar Square 923:Trafalgar Square 841: 804:Golden Gate Park 724: 717:Vauban, Freiburg 381: 374: 370: 367: 361: 337: 336: 329: 255:to carry goods. 194:pedestrian malls 174:Pedestrian zones 134: 127: 123: 120: 114: 112: 71: 47: 39: 21: 6603: 6602: 6598: 6597: 6596: 6594: 6593: 6592: 6588:Traffic calming 6568: 6567: 6566: 6561: 6509: 6503: 6472: 6414: 6400:Pedestrian zone 6354: 6353:Environment and 6348: 6324:Knuckle-walking 6302: 6250: 6244: 6238: 6208: 6203: 6185: 6153: 6147: 6118: 6109:Traffic barrier 6069:F-Shape barrier 6024: 5980:Traffic calming 5940:Reversible lane 5930:Pedestrian zone 5915:Motorcycle lane 5877:Contraflow lane 5849:time allocation 5848: 5837: 5833:Underride guard 5801: 5763: 5649:Expansion joint 5611: 5601: 5594: 5580:Stamped asphalt 5442: 5373:Continuous flow 5346: 5342: 5341: 5333: 5267: 5263:grade-separated 5260: 5259: 5237: 5196:Private highway 5169: 5074: 4988: 4870: 4828: 4820: 4782: 4780: 4768: 4760: 4755: 4754: 4744: 4742: 4733: 4732: 4728: 4718: 4716: 4708: 4707: 4703: 4693: 4691: 4681: 4677: 4667: 4665: 4657: 4656: 4652: 4642: 4640: 4632: 4631: 4627: 4617: 4615: 4606: 4605: 4601: 4591: 4589: 4580: 4579: 4575: 4565: 4563: 4553: 4549: 4539: 4537: 4529: 4528: 4524: 4514: 4512: 4504: 4503: 4499: 4489: 4487: 4479: 4478: 4474: 4464: 4462: 4454: 4453: 4446: 4436: 4434: 4425: 4424: 4417: 4407: 4405: 4397: 4396: 4392: 4382: 4380: 4370: 4366: 4356: 4354: 4344: 4340: 4330: 4328: 4320: 4319: 4315: 4305: 4303: 4293: 4289: 4279: 4277: 4268: 4267: 4263: 4253: 4251: 4243: 4242: 4235: 4230:Wayback Machine 4221: 4214: 4209:Wayback Machine 4200: 4193: 4185: 4181: 4175:Gojerusalem.com 4169: 4165: 4153: 4149: 4137: 4133: 4120: 4119: 4115: 4110:. October 2017. 4106: 4105: 4101: 4091: 4089: 4080: 4079: 4075: 4065: 4063: 4050: 4049: 4045: 4035: 4033: 4023: 4019: 4009: 4007: 3997: 3993: 3983: 3981: 3972: 3971: 3967: 3957: 3955: 3954:on 18 June 2013 3940: 3939: 3935: 3928: 3924: 3914: 3912: 3901: 3897: 3886: 3882: 3872: 3870: 3865: 3864: 3860: 3850: 3848: 3844: 3843: 3839: 3826: 3825: 3821: 3814: 3810: 3805:Wayback Machine 3793: 3792: 3788: 3778: 3776: 3758: 3754: 3744: 3742: 3732: 3728: 3717:Mackinac Island 3711: 3710: 3706: 3691: 3687: 3677: 3675: 3664:"Public Plazas" 3662: 3661: 3657: 3647: 3645: 3641: 3637: 3636: 3632: 3601: 3594: 3587: 3571: 3567: 3554: 3547: 3537: 3535: 3531: 3520: 3515: 3514: 3505: 3495: 3493: 3483: 3474: 3464: 3462: 3453: 3452: 3448: 3438: 3436: 3428: 3427: 3423: 3411: 3407: 3406: 3402: 3392: 3390: 3383: 3379: 3369: 3367: 3358: 3357: 3353: 3343: 3341: 3337: 3336: 3332: 3322: 3320: 3311: 3310: 3306: 3296: 3294: 3285: 3284: 3280: 3275: 3271: 3266: 3262: 3252: 3250: 3240: 3236: 3226: 3224: 3215: 3214: 3210: 3200: 3198: 3189: 3188: 3184: 3176: 3169: 3161: 3157: 3149: 3145: 3137: 3133: 3123: 3121: 3112: 3111: 3107: 3097: 3095: 3086: 3085: 3081: 3076:. 1 April 2017. 3068: 3067: 3063: 3053: 3051: 3044: 3040: 3030: 3028: 3021: 3017: 3007: 3005: 2999: 2995: 2984: 2980: 2969: 2965: 2952:(14 May 2014). 2950:Torossian, Ronn 2947: 2943: 2933: 2931: 2919: 2915: 2905: 2898: 2863: 2856: 2846: 2844: 2843:. Fresno Future 2840: 2834: 2830: 2817: 2816: 2812: 2805: 2791: 2787: 2780: 2766: 2751: 2717: 2713: 2682: 2673: 2663: 2661: 2657: 2656: 2652: 2647: 2563: 2485:Queenstown Mall 2476:Queenstown Mall 2420: 2405:Rottnest Island 2366:, Maude Street 2225: 2220: 2154: 2131: 2083: 2048: 2013: 1997:hokōsha tengoku 1977:hokōsha tengoku 1969: 1929: 1895: 1852: 1833: 1813: 1787:Plaza Garibaldi 1757: 1694: 1682: 1664:Monumental Axis 1652:Eixo Rodoviário 1621: 1547: 1542: 1481:Mackinac Island 1474:Mackinac Island 1459: 1354: 1349: 1343: 1316:Toronto Islands 1276: 1258: 1256:U.S. and Canada 1242: 1229: 1166: 1122: 1106: 1058: 1042:Northern Avenue 1039: 1016:İstiklal Avenue 965: 960: 954: 912: 858: 830: 828: 783: 763: 720: 683: 657:English Channel 545: 525: 519: 495: 459: 440:East 4th Street 382: 371: 365: 362: 351: 338: 334: 327: 302: 290:Ebenezer Howard 266: 261: 190:British English 178:auto-free zones 176:(also known as 135: 124: 118: 115: 72: 70: 60: 48: 35: 28: 23: 22: 18:Pedestrian mall 15: 12: 11: 5: 6601: 6591: 6590: 6585: 6580: 6578:Car-free zones 6563: 6562: 6560: 6559: 6554: 6549: 6544: 6539: 6534: 6529: 6524: 6519: 6513: 6511: 6505: 6504: 6502: 6501: 6496: 6491: 6486: 6480: 6478: 6474: 6473: 6471: 6470: 6465: 6460: 6455: 6450: 6448:Nordic walking 6445: 6440: 6439: 6438: 6428: 6422: 6420: 6416: 6415: 6413: 6412: 6407: 6402: 6397: 6392: 6387: 6382: 6376: 6371: 6370: 6369: 6358: 6356: 6355:infrastructure 6350: 6349: 6347: 6346: 6341: 6336: 6331: 6326: 6321: 6316: 6310: 6308: 6304: 6303: 6301: 6300: 6295: 6290: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6268:Crossing guard 6265: 6260: 6254: 6252: 6246: 6245: 6237: 6236: 6229: 6222: 6214: 6205: 6204: 6202: 6201: 6196: 6190: 6187: 6186: 6184: 6183: 6178: 6173: 6168: 6163: 6157: 6155: 6149: 6148: 6146: 6145: 6140: 6135: 6130: 6126: 6124: 6120: 6119: 6117: 6116: 6111: 6106: 6101: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6081: 6079:Jersey barrier 6076: 6071: 6066: 6063: 6058: 6053: 6048: 6043: 6038: 6032: 6030: 6026: 6025: 6023: 6022: 6017: 6012: 6010:Unused highway 6007: 6002: 5997: 5992: 5990:Traffic island 5987: 5982: 5977: 5972: 5967: 5962: 5957: 5952: 5947: 5942: 5937: 5932: 5927: 5922: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5879: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5859: 5853: 5851: 5843: 5842: 5839: 5838: 5836: 5835: 5830: 5825: 5820: 5815: 5809: 5807: 5803: 5802: 5800: 5799: 5794: 5789: 5787:Drowsy driving 5784: 5779: 5773: 5771: 5765: 5764: 5762: 5761: 5756: 5751: 5746: 5741: 5736: 5731: 5726: 5721: 5716: 5711: 5706: 5701: 5696: 5691: 5686: 5681: 5676: 5671: 5669:Level crossing 5666: 5661: 5656: 5651: 5646: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5626: 5621: 5615: 5613: 5604: 5596: 5595: 5593: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5567: 5562: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5522: 5517: 5512: 5507: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5491: 5490: 5480: 5475: 5470: 5467: 5462: 5456: 5454: 5448: 5447: 5444: 5443: 5441: 5440: 5435: 5430: 5425: 5420: 5415: 5410: 5405: 5400: 5395: 5390: 5385: 5380: 5375: 5370: 5368:Channelization 5365: 5360: 5355: 5353:3-way junction 5349: 5347: 5338: 5335: 5334: 5332: 5331: 5326: 5321: 5316: 5311: 5306: 5301: 5296: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5276: 5270: 5268: 5255: 5249: 5247:Road junctions 5243: 5242: 5239: 5238: 5236: 5235: 5230: 5225: 5220: 5215: 5214: 5213: 5211:business route 5208: 5198: 5193: 5188: 5183: 5177: 5175: 5171: 5170: 5168: 5167: 5162: 5159: 5154: 5149: 5144: 5141: 5139:Primitive road 5136: 5131: 5126: 5121: 5116: 5111: 5106: 5101: 5096: 5091: 5086: 5082: 5080: 5076: 5075: 5073: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5012: 5010:County highway 5007: 5005:Collector road 5002: 4996: 4994: 4990: 4989: 4987: 4986: 4981: 4979:United Kingdom 4976: 4971: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4921: 4916: 4914:Czech Republic 4911: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4886: 4880: 4878: 4872: 4871: 4869: 4868: 4863: 4858: 4853: 4847: 4845: 4843:Limited-access 4836: 4830: 4829: 4819: 4818: 4811: 4804: 4796: 4790: 4789: 4759: 4756: 4753: 4752: 4726: 4701: 4675: 4650: 4625: 4599: 4588:. 14 June 2022 4573: 4547: 4535:Aucklandnz.com 4522: 4497: 4472: 4444: 4415: 4390: 4364: 4338: 4313: 4287: 4261: 4233: 4212: 4191: 4179: 4163: 4147: 4131: 4113: 4099: 4073: 4043: 4031:Deutsche Welle 4017: 3991: 3965: 3933: 3922: 3911:. Express News 3895: 3880: 3869:. 21 June 2015 3858: 3837: 3834:. 22 May 2019. 3819: 3808: 3786: 3752: 3726: 3704: 3685: 3655: 3630: 3611:(2): 250–273. 3592: 3585: 3565: 3545: 3503: 3472: 3446: 3421: 3400: 3377: 3351: 3330: 3304: 3278: 3269: 3260: 3234: 3208: 3182: 3167: 3155: 3143: 3131: 3105: 3079: 3061: 3038: 3015: 2993: 2978: 2963: 2941: 2913: 2896: 2877:(3): 141–155. 2854: 2828: 2810: 2804:978-0566009471 2803: 2785: 2779:978-0566009471 2778: 2749: 2711: 2692:(2): 133–146. 2671: 2649: 2648: 2646: 2643: 2642: 2641: 2639:Urban vitality 2636: 2630: 2624: 2618: 2611: 2605: 2599: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2579: 2574: 2569: 2562: 2559: 2498:Te Komititanga 2419: 2416: 2412:Doncaster Hill 2224: 2221: 2219: 2216: 2153: 2150: 2140:has opened an 2130: 2127: 2082: 2079: 2063:Yizhong Street 2047: 2044: 2012: 2009: 1968: 1965: 1928: 1925: 1894: 1891: 1859:mainland China 1851: 1850:Mainland China 1848: 1844:al-Madina Souq 1832: 1829: 1812: 1809: 1805:Quinta Avenida 1756: 1753: 1693: 1690: 1681: 1678: 1642:Rio de Janeiro 1638:Paquetá Island 1620: 1617: 1554:Florida Street 1546: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1526:Tempe, Arizona 1522:Culdesac Tempe 1511:Supai, Arizona 1458: 1455: 1353: 1350: 1345:Main article: 1342: 1339: 1331:Granville Mall 1300:Stephen Avenue 1275: 1272: 1257: 1254: 1241: 1238: 1228: 1227:United Kingdom 1225: 1192:German bombing 1165: 1162: 1140:are car-free; 1126:German islands 1121: 1118: 1105: 1102: 1057: 1054: 1038: 1035: 964: 961: 956:Main article: 953: 950: 938:noise nuisance 911: 908: 900: 899: 896: 893: 890: 883: 882: 879: 876: 873: 857: 854: 827: 824: 796:Memorial Drive 788:Newbury Street 782: 779: 762: 759: 747:Knez Mihailova 740: 739: 736: 733: 730:stellplatzfrei 708: 707: 704: 701: 682: 679: 675: 674: 664: 650: 639: 625: 619: 609: 603: 590: 589: 579: 567:examples are: 561:motor vehicles 544: 541: 531:Marktplatz in 518: 515: 494: 491: 458: 455: 384: 383: 348:of the subject 346:worldwide view 341: 339: 332: 326: 323: 301: 298: 294:Clarence Stein 265: 262: 260: 257: 182:car-free zones 137: 136: 51: 49: 42: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6600: 6589: 6586: 6584: 6581: 6579: 6576: 6575: 6573: 6558: 6557:Walking audit 6555: 6553: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6543: 6540: 6538: 6535: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6525: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6514: 6512: 6510:and campaigns 6506: 6500: 6499:Slow marathon 6497: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6489:Pedestrianism 6487: 6485: 6482: 6481: 6479: 6475: 6469: 6466: 6464: 6461: 6459: 6458:Speed walking 6456: 6454: 6451: 6449: 6446: 6444: 6441: 6437: 6434: 6433: 6432: 6429: 6427: 6424: 6423: 6421: 6417: 6411: 6408: 6406: 6403: 6401: 6398: 6396: 6393: 6391: 6388: 6386: 6383: 6380: 6377: 6375: 6374:Drovers' road 6372: 6368: 6365: 6364: 6363: 6360: 6359: 6357: 6351: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6337: 6335: 6332: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6311: 6309: 6305: 6299: 6298:Walking stick 6296: 6294: 6291: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6255: 6253: 6247: 6242: 6235: 6230: 6228: 6223: 6221: 6216: 6215: 6212: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6191: 6188: 6182: 6179: 6177: 6174: 6172: 6169: 6167: 6164: 6162: 6159: 6158: 6156: 6150: 6144: 6141: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6131: 6128: 6127: 6125: 6121: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6089:Noise barrier 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6046:Cable barrier 6044: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6033: 6031: 6027: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5998: 5996: 5995:Traffic lanes 5993: 5991: 5988: 5986: 5983: 5981: 5978: 5976: 5973: 5971: 5968: 5966: 5963: 5961: 5958: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5946: 5943: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5935:Refuge island 5933: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5900:Living street 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5875: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5867:Climbing lane 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5855: 5854: 5852: 5850: 5844: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5810: 5808: 5804: 5798: 5795: 5793: 5790: 5788: 5785: 5783: 5780: 5778: 5775: 5774: 5772: 5770: 5769:Human factors 5766: 5760: 5757: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5747: 5745: 5742: 5740: 5737: 5735: 5734:Traffic light 5732: 5730: 5727: 5725: 5722: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5712: 5710: 5707: 5705: 5702: 5700: 5697: 5695: 5692: 5690: 5687: 5685: 5684:Oversize load 5682: 5680: 5677: 5675: 5674:Manhole cover 5672: 5670: 5667: 5665: 5662: 5660: 5657: 5655: 5652: 5650: 5647: 5645: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5617: 5616: 5614: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5597: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5505:Crushed stone 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5489: 5486: 5485: 5484: 5481: 5479: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5468: 5466: 5463: 5461: 5458: 5457: 5455: 5453: 5449: 5439: 5436: 5434: 5431: 5429: 5426: 5424: 5421: 5419: 5416: 5414: 5411: 5409: 5406: 5404: 5401: 5399: 5396: 5394: 5391: 5389: 5388:Michigan left 5386: 5384: 5381: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5371: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5361: 5359: 5356: 5354: 5351: 5350: 5348: 5345: 5340:Intersections 5336: 5330: 5327: 5325: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5315: 5312: 5310: 5307: 5305: 5302: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5289:Directional T 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5271: 5269: 5264: 5258: 5253: 5250: 5248: 5244: 5234: 5231: 5229: 5226: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5206:special route 5204: 5203: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5178: 5176: 5172: 5166: 5163: 5160: 5158: 5155: 5153: 5150: 5148: 5145: 5142: 5140: 5137: 5135: 5132: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5124:Frontage road 5122: 5120: 5117: 5115: 5112: 5110: 5107: 5105: 5102: 5100: 5097: 5095: 5092: 5090: 5087: 5084: 5083: 5081: 5077: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5021: 5018: 5016: 5013: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5001: 5000:Arterial road 4998: 4997: 4995: 4991: 4985: 4984:United States 4982: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4882: 4881: 4879: 4877: 4873: 4867: 4864: 4862: 4859: 4857: 4854: 4852: 4849: 4848: 4846: 4844: 4840: 4837: 4835: 4834:Types of road 4831: 4827: 4824: 4817: 4812: 4810: 4805: 4803: 4798: 4797: 4794: 4778: 4774: 4767: 4762: 4761: 4740: 4736: 4730: 4715: 4711: 4705: 4690: 4686: 4679: 4664: 4660: 4654: 4639: 4635: 4629: 4613: 4609: 4603: 4587: 4583: 4577: 4562: 4558: 4551: 4536: 4532: 4526: 4511: 4507: 4501: 4486: 4482: 4476: 4461: 4457: 4451: 4449: 4433:. 1 June 2022 4432: 4428: 4422: 4420: 4404: 4400: 4394: 4379: 4375: 4368: 4353: 4349: 4342: 4327: 4323: 4317: 4302: 4298: 4291: 4275: 4271: 4265: 4250: 4249:teara.govt.nz 4246: 4240: 4238: 4231: 4227: 4224: 4219: 4217: 4210: 4206: 4203: 4198: 4196: 4188: 4183: 4176: 4172: 4167: 4160: 4156: 4151: 4144: 4140: 4135: 4127: 4123: 4117: 4109: 4103: 4087: 4083: 4077: 4061: 4057: 4053: 4047: 4032: 4028: 4021: 4006: 4002: 3995: 3979: 3975: 3969: 3953: 3949: 3948: 3943: 3937: 3931: 3926: 3910: 3906: 3899: 3893: 3889: 3884: 3868: 3862: 3847: 3841: 3833: 3829: 3823: 3817: 3812: 3806: 3802: 3799: 3790: 3775: 3771: 3767: 3763: 3756: 3741: 3737: 3730: 3722: 3718: 3714: 3708: 3700: 3699:Metropolitics 3696: 3689: 3673: 3669: 3665: 3659: 3640: 3634: 3626: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3610: 3606: 3599: 3597: 3588: 3582: 3578: 3577: 3569: 3561: 3560: 3552: 3550: 3530: 3526: 3518: 3512: 3510: 3508: 3492: 3488: 3481: 3479: 3477: 3460: 3456: 3450: 3435: 3431: 3425: 3417: 3410: 3404: 3388: 3381: 3365: 3361: 3355: 3340: 3334: 3318: 3314: 3308: 3292: 3288: 3282: 3273: 3264: 3249: 3245: 3238: 3222: 3218: 3212: 3196: 3192: 3186: 3180:, p. 26. 3179: 3174: 3172: 3164: 3159: 3153:, p. 25. 3152: 3147: 3141:, p. 28. 3140: 3135: 3119: 3115: 3109: 3093: 3089: 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ABC Madrid. 2989: 2982: 2974: 2967: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2945: 2930: 2929: 2924: 2917: 2911: 2909: 2903: 2901: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2861: 2859: 2839: 2836:Judge, Cole. 2832: 2824: 2820: 2814: 2806: 2800: 2796: 2789: 2781: 2775: 2771: 2764: 2762: 2760: 2758: 2756: 2754: 2744: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2723: 2715: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2680: 2678: 2676: 2660: 2654: 2650: 2640: 2637: 2634: 2631: 2628: 2625: 2622: 2619: 2617: 2616: 2612: 2609: 2606: 2603: 2602:Living street 2600: 2598: 2595: 2593: 2590: 2588: 2585: 2583: 2580: 2578: 2575: 2573: 2572:Car-free days 2570: 2568: 2565: 2564: 2558: 2556: 2552: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2534: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2506: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2483: 2479: 2477: 2473: 2469: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2442: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2424: 2415: 2413: 2408: 2406: 2402: 2398: 2395: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2373: 2369: 2365: 2361: 2357: 2353: 2350: 2349:Cavill Avenue 2346: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2313:Murray Street 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2266: 2265:George Street 2261: 2257: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2215: 2213: 2209: 2205: 2201: 2196: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2149: 2147: 2143: 2139: 2135: 2126: 2124: 2123:Night markets 2120: 2116: 2112: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2088: 2078: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2056: 2052: 2043: 2040: 2036: 2031: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2008: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1964: 1962: 1961:Church Street 1958: 1956: 1951: 1948: 1944: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1924: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1890: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1860: 1856: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1828: 1824: 1817: 1808: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1795: 1790: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1779:Madero Street 1776: 1769: 1765: 1764:Madero Street 1761: 1752: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1740: 1735: 1733: 1728: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1703: 1698: 1689: 1687: 1686:Paseo Ahumada 1677: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1665: 1661: 1660:arterial road 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1643: 1639: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1616: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1597:Calle Florida 1594: 1589: 1587: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1540:Latin America 1537: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1454: 1452: 1451:New York City 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1430: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1407:A portion of 1405: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1394:Fulton Street 1391: 1387: 1386:New York City 1383: 1382:United States 1379: 1375: 1371: 1370:Downtown Mall 1366: 1363: 1359: 1358:United States 1348: 1341:United States 1338: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1282:Mall area of 1281: 1280:Sparks Street 1269: 1266: 1262: 1253: 1251: 1247: 1237: 1233: 1224: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1202:era, such as 1201: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1161: 1159: 1155: 1150: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1117: 1115: 1111: 1101: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1070:Le Piétonnier 1067: 1063: 1053: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1034: 1032: 1031:park and ride 1028: 1021: 1017: 1013: 1007: 1003: 999: 992: 988: 984: 977: 973: 969: 959: 949: 945: 943: 939: 935: 928: 924: 920: 916: 907: 905: 897: 894: 891: 888: 887: 886: 880: 877: 874: 871: 870: 869: 866: 864: 850: 846: 823: 821: 817: 813: 812:Griffith Park 809: 808:San Francisco 805: 801: 797: 793: 789: 778: 776: 772: 768: 756: 752: 748: 744: 737: 734: 731: 727: 723: 718: 714: 713: 712: 705: 702: 699: 698: 697: 695: 690: 688: 678: 672: 668: 665: 662: 658: 654: 651: 648: 644: 640: 637: 633: 629: 626: 623: 620: 617: 613: 610: 607: 604: 602: 598: 595: 594: 593: 587: 583: 580: 577: 573: 570: 569: 568: 566: 562: 554: 549: 540: 534: 529: 524: 514: 508: 504: 499: 490: 488: 484: 480: 476: 472: 471:New York City 468: 464: 454: 452: 448: 445: 441: 437: 433: 429: 425: 421: 413: 409: 405: 399: 398:New York City 395: 390: 380: 377: 369: 359: 355: 349: 347: 340: 331: 330: 322: 318: 316: 311: 307: 297: 295: 291: 287: 286:Joseph Paxton 283: 279: 270: 256: 254: 250: 246: 242: 241:kick scooters 238: 234: 233:inline skates 230: 225: 223: 218: 213: 210: 205: 203: 199: 195: 191: 187: 183: 179: 175: 169: 165: 160: 153: 149: 145: 141: 133: 130: 122: 119:December 2022 111: 108: 104: 101: 97: 94: 90: 87: 83: 80: – 79: 75: 74:Find sources: 68: 64: 58: 57: 52:This article 50: 46: 41: 40: 37: 33: 19: 6537:New Urbanism 6468:Walking tour 6443:Mall walking 6399: 6319:Hand walking 6114:Traffic cone 6104:Rumble strip 6005:Truck bypass 5960:Shared space 5929: 5920:Passing lane 5905:Managed lane 5862:Bicycle lane 5744:Washboarding 5739:Traffic sign 5664:Hairpin turn 5433:Texas U-turn 5363:Box junction 5257:Interchanges 5201:Route number 5109:Country lane 4851:Bike freeway 4781:. 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Retrieved 2653: 2633:Transit mall 2613: 2567:Carfree city 2535: 2513:, including 2507: 2501: 2497: 2488: 2470: 2446:Christchurch 2443: 2429: 2409: 2403: 2399: 2391: 2333:Smith Street 2273:Martin Place 2256:Garema Place 2241: 2232:Martin Place 2203: 2197: 2157:North Africa 2155: 2132: 2090: 2084: 2049: 2032: 2028:Insadong-gil 2027: 2014: 1996: 1976: 1970: 1959: 1952: 1949: 1945: 1930: 1921:acid attacks 1910: 1855:Nanjing Road 1853: 1825: 1822: 1804: 1799: 1791: 1772: 1743: 1737:In downtown 1736: 1729: 1706: 1683: 1668: 1650: 1646: 1636: 1593:Buenos Aires 1590: 1586:town squares 1563: 1558:Buenos Aires 1520: 1509: 1503:and west of 1479: 1431: 1423:Lincoln Road 1421: 1409:Third Street 1406: 1367: 1355: 1325:in its busy 1277: 1243: 1234: 1230: 1200:World War II 1186: 1167: 1151: 1124:A number of 1123: 1107: 1069: 1059: 1040: 1024: 946: 931: 901: 884: 867: 859: 844: 820:Capel Street 784: 766: 764: 709: 693: 691: 686: 684: 676: 597:Cinque Terre 591: 558: 538: 511: 486: 460: 451:Times Square 420:Santa Monica 417: 394:Times Square 372: 363: 343: 319: 303: 275: 226: 216: 214: 206: 201: 193: 185: 181: 177: 173: 172: 140: 125: 116: 106: 99: 92: 85: 73: 61:Please help 56:verification 53: 36: 6527:Metrominuto 6508:Initiatives 6494:Racewalking 6453:Shatapawali 6339:Walkability 6293:Walking bus 6273:Dog walking 6263:Baby walker 6152:Performance 6084:Kassel kerb 6041:Botts' dots 6029:Demarcation 5729:Storm drain 5694:Road debris 5619:Aquaplaning 5612:environment 5600:Road safety 5478:Cobblestone 5428:Superstreet 5233:Winter road 5181:Concurrency 5174:Other terms 5165:Sunken lane 5134:Main street 5079:Local roads 4783:16 December 4066:13 December 4036:13 December 3832:Streetsblog 3465:16 December 3389:. Bloomberg 3317:WalesOnline 3253:20 December 3221:GWL Terrein 3124:18 December 2728:: 194–201. 2435:Cuba Street 2418:New Zealand 2388:, Australia 2301:Rundle Mall 2238:, Australia 2198:In Israel, 2039:EcoMobility 2024:South Korea 2011:South Korea 1975:are called 1937:Maharashtra 1745:Santa Marta 1702:Santa Marta 1560:, Argentina 1493:Fire Island 1427:Miami Beach 1402:25th Street 1396:, parts of 1308:Gay Village 1170:Netherlands 1164:Netherlands 1158:West Berlin 1048:of central 863:Floridsdorf 849:low-traffic 822:in Dublin. 816:Los Angeles 687:development 632:sovereignty 628:Mount Athos 586:cog railway 461:During the 325:1980s–2010s 300:1920s–1970s 278:Renaissance 237:skateboards 6572:Categories 6381:/Promenade 6329:Pedestrian 6314:Dromomania 6154:indicators 6123:Structures 6074:Guard rail 5950:Road verge 5823:Seat belts 5759:Snowsquall 5724:Speed bump 5704:Road train 5525:Glassphalt 5465:Bioasphalt 5438:Turnaround 5413:Roundabout 5343:(at-grade) 5309:Roundabout 5274:Cloverleaf 5129:Green lane 5065:Trunk road 4993:Main roads 4876:By country 4745:25 January 4719:25 January 4694:25 January 4668:25 January 4643:25 January 4618:25 January 4592:25 January 4566:25 January 4540:25 January 4515:25 January 4490:25 January 4465:25 January 4437:25 January 4408:25 January 4383:25 January 4357:25 January 4331:25 January 4306:24 January 4280:24 January 4254:24 January 3907:. Mumbai: 3439:12 October 3344:8 February 3223:(in Dutch) 3178:Melia 2010 3163:Melia 2010 3151:Melia 2010 3139:Melia 2010 2645:References 2555:Kāinga Ora 2551:Kāinga Ora 2511:Dead malls 2472:Queenstown 2431:Wellington 2368:Shepparton 2309:Hay Street 2181:Casablanca 2109:nearby to 2071:Shinkuchan 1955:Karol Bagh 1863:Wangfujing 1794:Guanajuato 1721:bike paths 1582:peatonales 1130:Heligoland 1110:Copenhagen 1096:, and the 1074:Small Ring 612:Pontevedra 565:Archetypal 521:See also: 251:- or hand- 89:newspapers 6547:Walkathon 6463:Strolling 6410:Xiaolüren 6379:Esplanade 6283:Pedometer 6278:Guide dog 6251:equipment 5945:Road diet 5847:Space and 5792:Road rage 5679:Oil spill 5639:Crosswind 5629:Black ice 5624:Avalanche 5550:Permeable 5383:Jughandle 5378:Hook turn 5284:Free-flow 5228:Toll road 5147:Side road 5104:Boulevard 5060:Super two 5055:Ring road 5030:Link road 4929:Hong Kong 4884:Australia 4826:hierarchy 4714:NZ Herald 4663:NZ Herald 4510:NZ Herald 4010:5 October 3915:12 August 3774:0362-4331 3713:"History" 3625:154847964 2975:. Curbed. 2891:108994768 2450:City Mall 2341:Devonport 2329:City Walk 2315:Malls in 2285:Melbourne 2252:City Walk 2244:Australia 2223:Australia 2212:Jerusalem 2189:Essaouira 2117:systems. 2103:Chinatown 2075:Kaohsiung 2051:Ximending 2001:Akihabara 1989:Hiroshima 1913:Hong Kong 1906:Hong Kong 1893:Hong Kong 1783:Zona Rosa 1732:Cartagena 1545:Argentina 1447:Las Vegas 1390:6½ Avenue 1362:Kalamazoo 1220:Stevenage 1188:Rotterdam 1146:Norderney 1134:Hiddensee 1078:ring road 1033:schemes. 1027:car parks 976:Rotterdam 826:Reception 775:Waterwijk 722:‹See Tfd› 661:carriages 553:Stockholm 533:Karlsruhe 503:Mariehamn 483:Barcelona 447:Cleveland 412:Las Vegas 366:July 2020 358:talk page 192:, and as 6385:Footpath 6307:Concepts 6258:Bematist 6133:Causeway 5970:Shoulder 5806:Vehicles 5754:Whiteout 5714:Rockfall 5709:Roadkill 5634:Bleeding 5610:Road and 5570:Sealcoat 5495:Corduroy 5483:Concrete 5473:Chipseal 5452:Surfaces 5304:Raindrop 5119:Driveway 5114:Dead end 5094:Backroad 5045:2+2 road 5040:2+1 road 4964:Portugal 4954:Pakistan 4739:Newsroom 4612:Metropol 4226:Archived 4205:Archived 4092:24 April 3801:Archived 3678:28 April 3364:Archived 3118:Archived 2587:Jan Gehl 2582:Footpath 2561:See also 2546:Sunfield 2542:Auckland 2538:Papakura 2490:Auckland 2394:Jan Gehl 2356:Ballarat 2305:Adelaide 2297:Brisbane 2260:Canberra 2200:Tel Aviv 2101:Lane in 2099:Sampheng 2087:Thailand 2081:Thailand 2067:Taichung 2016:Insadong 1933:Matheran 1879:Shenzhen 1871:Chunxilu 1692:Colombia 1674:Curitiba 1656:Brasília 1632:Curitiba 1534:Opendoor 1466:Cyclists 1398:Broadway 1312:Montreal 1302:Mall in 1246:Istanbul 1196:Lijnbaan 1108:Central 1066:Brussels 1020:Istanbul 991:Helsinki 972:Lijnbaan 856:Benefits 751:Belgrade 667:Gulangyu 543:Examples 487:sidewalk 444:Downtown 352:You may 229:bicycles 217:car-free 209:mobility 6426:Flâneur 6419:Leisure 6243:culture 6241:Walking 6036:Bollard 6020:Woonerf 5749:Washout 5689:Pothole 5602:factors 5590:Texture 5560:Plastic 5540:Macadam 5329:Trumpet 5279:Diamond 5050:Parkway 5025:Highway 4939:Ireland 4919:Germany 4909:Croatia 4889:Belgium 4758:Sources 3984:8 March 3958:23 July 3873:23 July 3851:23 July 3668:NYC DOT 3648:21 June 3201:23 July 2934:15 July 2847:19 June 2694:Bibcode 2664:23 July 2372:Geelong 2364:Bendigo 2360:Ipswich 2345:Mildura 2218:Oceania 2193:Tangier 2169:Morocco 2129:Vietnam 2115:skywalk 2095:Bangkok 1985:Hondōri 1875:Chengdu 1867:Beijing 1766:in the 1601:Lavalle 1578:Spanish 1574:Rosario 1570:Mendoza 1566:Córdoba 1380:in the 1356:In the 1304:Calgary 1292:Toronto 1232:whole. 1212:Hamburg 1168:In the 1120:Germany 1114:Strøget 1104:Denmark 1062:Belgium 1056:Belgium 1050:Yerevan 1037:Armenia 845:autoluw 771:Cologne 582:Zermatt 259:History 245:kasbahs 198:traffic 103:scholar 6431:Hiking 6367:Ginnel 6129:Bridge 5813:Airbag 5585:Tarmac 5530:Gravel 5358:Bowtie 5299:Parclo 5223:Stroad 5186:Detour 5161:Street 5089:Avenue 4974:Taiwan 4959:Poland 4924:Greece 4899:Canada 4894:Brazil 3772: 3740:Medium 3623: 3583: 3538:2 July 3393:2 July 3370:2 July 3323:17 May 3297:17 May 3227:1 July 3054:11 May 3031:11 May 2889: 2801: 2776: 2521:, and 2464:& 2386:Hobart 2337:Darwin 2325:Hobart 2277:Sydney 2248:street 2236:Sydney 2191:, and 2185:Meknes 2161:medina 2059:Taiwan 2055:Taipei 2046:Taiwan 1981:Sendai 1887:Harbin 1785:as is 1755:Mexico 1717:plazas 1709:Bogotá 1619:Brazil 1296:Regina 1286:, the 1284:Ottawa 1274:Canada 1265:Ottawa 1240:Turkey 1208:Prague 1204:Warsaw 1174:Arnhem 1142:Borkum 1092:, the 1088:, the 1006:Madrid 963:Europe 927:London 818:; 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