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in 1951. He had periods when he could not play. Some people considered that his style was different after his breakdown: Larkin characterized it as "a hollow feathery tone framing phrases of an almost
Chinese introspection with a tendency to inconclusive garrulity that would have been unheard of in the days when Pee Wee could pack more into a middle eight than any other thirties pick-up player".
256:. He remained enrolled there until October the following year, though he spent most of his time playing clarinet with various dance and jazz bands. He began touring professionally in 1922, and travelled widely with the Allen Brothers tent show and on riverboats St. Paul and J.S. He also played with a
345:
From the 1940s onwards, Russell's health was often poor, exacerbated by alcoholism – "I lived on brandy milkshakes and scrambled-egg sandwiches. And on whiskey ... I had to drink half a pint of whiskey in the morning before I could get out of bed" – which led to a major medical breakdown
1068:
Smith, "Pee Wee
Russell", pp. 104, 106–7. In a later profile, Russell said that he took up piano, drums and violin "in roughly that order". Then, after playing in a school recital, one day he put his violin on the back seat of the family car and his mother got in and sat on it. "That was the end of
482:
Pee Wee
Russell wrote or co-wrote the following songs: "Pee Wee's Blues", "Pee Wee Speaks", "Oh! No", "Muskeegie Blues", "Three-Two-One Blues", "Stuyvesant Blues", "Pee Wee's Song", "The Bends Blues", "Midnight Blue", "Englewood", "Cutie Pie", "What's the Pitch", "Missy", "This Is It", "Pee Wee's
433:(who had originally recorded with Russell in 1929 and considered him to be color-blind) observed that '"For thirty years, I’ve been listening to him play those funny notes. He used to think they were wrong, but they weren't. He’s always been way out, but they didn't have a name for it then."
305:
at the
Arcadia Ballroom, which had hired Trumbauer as bandleader for the season spanning September 1925 and May 1926. For a short while, Jack Teagarden also played at the Arcadia, and Russell claimed that this was the greatest band he had ever played in. In 1926, he joined
288:
From his earliest career, Russell's style was distinctive. The notes he played were somewhat unorthodox when compared to his contemporaries, and he was sometimes accused of playing out of tune. By the mid-1920s, Russell was a sought-after jazz clarinetist and worked with
342:, with whom he would continue to work, off and on, for much of the rest of his life – though he complained, "Those guys made a joke, of me, a clown, and I let myself be treated that way because I was afraid. I didn't know where else to go, where to take refuge".
217:. As a child, he first studied violin, but "couldn't get along with it", then piano, disliking the scales and chord exercises, and then drums – including all the associated special effects. Then his father sneaked young Ellsworth into a dance at the local
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commented: "No one familiar with the characteristic excitement of his solos, their lurid, snuffling, asthmatic voicelessness, notes leant on till they split, and sudden passionate intensities, could deny the uniqueness of his contribution to jazz."
233:" Pee Wee now decided that his primary instrument would be the clarinet, and the type of music he would play would be jazz. He approached the clarinettist in the pit band at the local theatre for lessons, and bought an
448:
By this time, encouraged by Mary, his wife, Russell had taken up painting abstract art as a hobby. Mary's death in the spring of 1967 had a severe effect on him. His last gig was with Wein at the inaugural ball for
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musician by virtue of the company he kept, he tended to reject any label. Russell's unique and sometimes derided approach was praised as ahead of its time and cited by some as an early example of
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and occasionally bands under his own name in addition to Condon. In his last decade, Russell often played at jazz festivals and international tours organized by
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and the V-Disc All Stars. His composition "Pee Wee Speaks" with
Spanier was released as a V-Disc, as Navy V-Disc 135 and as Army V-Disc 344 in January, 1945.
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With a highly individualistic and spontaneous clarinet style that "defied classification", Russell began his career playing
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instrument. His teacher was named
Charlie Merrill, and used to pop out for shots of corn whiskey during lessons.
1174:(New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986), pp. 127–35 (also reprinted in Robert Gottlieb (ed.),
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band at the Booker T. Washington
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my violin career. 'Thank God that's over,' I said to myself." (Balliett, "Even his Feet Look Sad", p. 129).
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Reading Jazz: A Gathering of
Autobiography, Reportage and Criticism from 1919 to Now
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Smith, Charles Edward, "Pee Wee
Russell", in Nat Shapiro & Nat Hentoff (eds.),
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debut was in 1924 with Herb Berger's Band in St. Louis on "Fuzzy Wuzzy Bird.".
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The Ruby Braff Octet with Pee Wee
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The Ruby Braff Octet with Pee Wee Russell & Bobby Henderson at Newport
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Quoted in the sleeve notes for Pee Wee Russell / Coleman Hawkins,
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in New York City. He worked with various bandleaders (including
1206:, Studies in Jazz no. 13 (Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1992).
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The standard discography is Robert Hilbert and David Niven,
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City of Gabriels: The History of Jazz in St. Louis 1895-1973
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248:, in 1920, and that September Russell was enrolled in the
926:(Swingville, 1961) as part of the Prestige Swing Festival
297:'s band in Texas. Back in St. Louis, Russell played with
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Years given are for the recording(s), not first release.
663:; reissued as Prestige CD in 1999 under this title with
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and Joe Grauso, Nick's (Tavern), New York, ca. June 1946
846:(1949 live recording, on side 1 of album released by
707:(live recording, first released by Honey Dew in 1977)
700:(live recording, first released by Honey Dew in 1977)
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and currently available as part of the Monk 2-CD set
165:(March 27, 1906 – February 15, 1969) was an American
456:on January 21, 1969. Russell died in a hospital in
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How did he know where he was or where he was going?
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1204:Pee Wee Speaks: A Discography of Pee Wee Russell
1015:"Pee Wee Russell Biography, Songs, & Albums"
413:tunes in his repertoire. Though often labeled a
177:, but he eventually focused solely on clarinet.
1172:American Musicians: Fifty-Six Portraits in Jazz
469:In 1987, Pee Wee Russell was inducted into the
1118:Balliett, "Even his Feet Look Sad", pp. 133–4.
1100:Bix: The Definitive Biography of a Jazz Legend
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771:Bix Beiderbecke, Vol. 2: At The Jazz Band Ball
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1199:(London: Peter Davies, 1958), pp. 103–27
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820:Brother Matthew With Eddie Condon's Jazz Band
1178:(New York: Pantheon, 1996), pp. 377–86)
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826:, 1956) lead credits as "Brother Mathew and
1127:Balliett, "Even his Feet Look Sad", p. 131.
563:(Master High Fidelity; reissued in 1959 as
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884:Dixieland At Carnegie Hall (25 Top Stars)
646:, Hudson label; only side 1 of the album)
445:called "Pee Wee Russell's Unique Sound".
1877:McKenzie and Condon's Chicagoans members
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169:musician. Early in his career he played
1380:George Wein & the Newport All-Stars
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421:. At the time of their 1961 recording
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16:American jazz clarinetist (1906–1969)
1862:20th-century American male musicians
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510:The Individualism of Pee Wee Russell
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338:'s big band, and began playing with
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1054:Shapiro, Nat; Hentoff, Nat (1979).
521:Pee Wee Russell and His Rhythmakers
163:Charles Ellsworth "Pee Wee" Russell
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1882:Victor Recording Orchestra members
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923:Things Ain't What They Used to Be
397:). Russell formed a quartet with
349:During World War II, he recorded
1192:) (London: Faber, rev. edn 1985)
532:Jazz at Storyville, Vol. 1 and 2
213:, United States, and grew up in
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854:Eddie Condon's Treasury of Jazz
613:Newport Jazz Festival All Stars
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1058:. Hachette Books. p. 106.
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1183:All What Jazz: A Record Diary
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1867:American male jazz musicians
1857:Jazz musicians from Oklahoma
1787:Mainstream jazz clarinetists
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640:The Greatest Dixieland Bands
209:Pee Wee Russell was born in
196:. Writing in 1961, the poet
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1368:Miles & Monk at Newport
1102:, p. 106, Continuum, 2008,
1044:, p. 47 (October 14, 1961).
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389:Miles & Monk at Newport
334:, in 1937. He played with
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773:1927–1928 (Columbia, 1990)
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1822:Impulse! Records artists
1622:Jupiter Band Instruments
1185:(record reviews for the
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395:At Newport 1963–65
250:Western Military Academy
1592:Johann Christoph Denner
1577:Backun Musical Services
142:, saxophonist, composer
1842:Candid Records artists
1832:Xanadu Records artists
1777:Dixieland clarinetists
1642:Schwenk & Seggelke
815:(aka "Brother Brown")
552:, reissued in 1988 by
483:Tune", and "But Why".
441:album includes a slow
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43:Background information
1817:Savoy Records artists
1703:Clarinet-violin-piano
1498:Quarter tone clarinet
1293:Swingin' with Pee Wee
1082:, Reedy Press, 2006,
844:Eddie Condon on Stage
787:Hi-Fi Salute to Bunny
652:Swingin' with Pee Wee
594:Pee Wee Russell Plays
561:New Orleans Dixieland
384:Newport Jazz Festival
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227:Alcide "Yellow" Nunez
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1708:Clarinet-viola-piano
1488:Contrabass clarinets
1483:Contra-alto clarinet
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458:Alexandria, Virginia
240:His family moved to
99:Alexandria, Virginia
1612:Leitner & Kraus
1597:Benedikt Eppelsheim
1325:The College Concert
988:Guinness Publishing
733:The College Concert
665:Portrait of Pee Wee
576:Portrait of Pee Wee
492:As leader/co-leader
211:Maplewood, Missouri
71:Maplewood, Missouri
1782:Swing clarinetists
1657:Yamaha Corporation
1508:Clarinette d'amour
1098:Jean Pierre Lion:
986:(First ed.).
860:That Toodlin' Town
632:, Champ Jones and
616:(Atlantic, ) with
546:We're In the Money
499:Two of Us and Jazz
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82:Muskogee, Oklahoma
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877:Wild Bill Davison
745:The Spirit of '67
602:Salute to Newport
464:Awards and honors
439:Newport All-Stars
328:Greenwich Village
299:Frankie Trumbauer
276:Pee Wee Russell,
225:jazz clarinetist
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1504:
1501:
1499:
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1494:
1491:
1489:
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1484:
1481:
1479:
1478:Bass clarinet
1476:
1474:
1473:Alto clarinet
1471:
1469:
1460:
1458:
1449:
1447:
1438:
1437:
1435:
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1357:
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1343:
1342:Oliver Nelson
1340:(arranged by
1339:
1338:
1334:
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1327:
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1201:
1198:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1184:
1180:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1153:(Candid 9020)
1152:
1146:
1139:
1138:All What Jazz
1133:
1124:
1115:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1095:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1075:
1065:
1057:
1050:
1043:
1042:All What Jazz
1037:
1022:
1021:
1016:
1010:
1008:
999:
997:0-85112-939-0
993:
989:
985:
984:
979:
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961:
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943:
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865:
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849:
845:
842:
841:
840:
839:
838:
830:'s Jazz Band"
829:
825:
824:ABC-Paramount
821:
818:
817:
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813:
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799:
795:
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788:
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769:
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766:
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750:Oliver Nelson
747:
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637:
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631:
630:Vic Dickenson
627:
623:
619:
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584:
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541:
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518:
515:
511:
507:
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484:
472:
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461:
459:
455:
454:Richard Nixon
452:
446:
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440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
407:John Coltrane
404:
400:
396:
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385:
381:
380:
375:
371:
367:
363:
358:
356:
352:
347:
343:
341:
337:
336:Bobby Hackett
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
316:bass clarinet
313:
309:
304:
300:
296:
292:
283:
279:
274:
265:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
238:
236:
235:Albert-system
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
202:
199:
198:Philip Larkin
195:
191:
187:
183:
178:
176:
172:
168:
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152:
149:
147:Instrument(s)
145:
141:
138:
136:Occupation(s)
134:
131:
127:
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119:
115:
111:
108:
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91:
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72:
60:
56:
52:
46:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
1741:Mezz Mezzrow
1724:Clarinetists
1539:Reform Boehm
1378:
1366:
1358:
1335:
1323:
1315:
1305:Jazz Reunion
1303:
1298:Buck Clayton
1291:
1283:
1277:or co-leader
1267:
1258:
1203:
1196:
1186:
1182:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1151:Jazz Reunion
1150:
1145:
1137:
1132:
1123:
1114:
1099:
1094:
1079:
1074:
1064:
1055:
1049:
1041:
1036:
1024:. Retrieved
1018:
981:
978:Colin Larkin
939:
930:
929:
921:
912:
911:
903:
894:
893:
883:
870:
869:
864:Warner Bros.
859:
853:
843:
837:Eddie Condon
834:
833:
828:Eddie Condon
819:
809:
808:
796:
786:
777:
776:
770:
761:
760:
743:
731:
722:
711:
704:
698:Hot Licorice
697:
686:
672:Jazz Reunion
670:
664:
661:Buck Clayton
650:
644:Pee Wee Hunt
639:
622:Buck Clayton
611:
601:
593:
582:
575:
564:
560:
545:
531:
520:
509:
502:
498:
481:
478:Compositions
447:
438:
423:Jazz Reunion
422:
394:
387:
382:at the 1963
377:
359:
348:
344:
340:Eddie Condon
287:
239:
230:
208:
179:
162:
161:
94:(1969-02-15)
18:
1767:1969 deaths
1762:1906 births
1637:Adolphe Sax
1632:Iwan Müller
1602:Stephen Fox
1572:Amati-Denak
1513:Basset horn
1352:With others
1317:Ask Me Now!
933:George Wein
812:Boyce Brown
724:Ask Me Now!
626:Bud Freeman
618:George Wein
487:Discography
435:George Wein
370:George Wein
353:sides with
324:Louis Prima
320:Rhythmakers
312:Red Nichols
293:in pianist
223:New Orleans
153:, saxophone
140:Clarinetist
1756:Categories
1468:) clarinet
1462:Soprano (B
1168:New Yorker
1161:References
1026:October 9,
791:RCA Victor
780:Ruby Braff
757:As sideman
752:(Impulse!)
727:(Impulse!)
716:Mainstream
687:New Groove
657:Swingville
634:Jake Hanna
554:Black Lion
550:Storyville
540:Ruby Braff
514:Savoy Jazz
295:Peck Kelly
205:Early life
175:saxophones
64:1906-03-27
49:Birth name
1493:Saxonette
1275:As leader
1217:All Music
1190:, 1961–71
451:President
419:free jazz
415:Dixieland
379:Blue Monk
362:Art Hodes
332:Manhattan
282:Miff Mole
262:recording
242:St. Louis
194:free jazz
130:free jazz
118:dixieland
1465:♭
1457:clarinet
1454:♭
1446:clarinet
1443:♭
1424:Clarinet
1136:Larkin,
1040:Larkin,
1020:AllMusic
915:Al Sears
888:Roulette
712:A Legend
691:Columbia
605:Impulse!
525:Atlantic
246:Missouri
171:clarinet
151:Clarinet
126:post-bop
1666:Related
1627:Leblanc
1375:, 1963)
1344:, 1967)
1332:, 1966)
1312:, 1961)
1300:, 1960)
890:, 1958)
866:, 1959)
850:, 1973)
805:, 1957)
793:, 1957)
679:) with
659:) with
607:, 1978)
538:) with
401:player
1647:Selmer
1554:Oehler
1549:Müller
1544:Mazzeo
1529:Albert
1383:(1962)
1363:(1957)
1320:(1963)
1288:(1959)
1106:
1086:
994:
742:1967:
730:1966:
721:1965:
710:1965:
703:1964:
696:1964:
685:1962:
677:Candid
669:1961:
649:1960:
642:(With
638:1960:
610:1959:
592:1959:
587:Xanadu
581:1958:
574:1958:
559:1957:
544:1956:
530:1955:
519:1952:
508:1952:
497:1952:
427:Candid
351:V-Disc
268:Career
192:, and
106:Genres
101:, U.S.
84:, U.S.
78:Origin
73:, U.S.
1534:Boehm
1328:(and
1308:(and
1296:(and
949:Notes
931:With
913:With
895:With
871:With
835:With
810:With
803:Verve
778:With
762:With
748:with
705:Gumbo
536:Savoy
443:blues
190:bebop
186:swing
122:swing
114:bebop
1104:ISBN
1084:ISBN
1028:2021
992:ISBN
875:and
848:Saga
409:and
301:and
219:Elks
173:and
167:jazz
110:Jazz
89:Died
58:Born
598:Dot
567:by
437:'s
429:),
252:in
1758::
1017:.
1006:^
957:^
628:,
624:,
620:,
364:,
330:,
280:,
244:,
188:,
128:,
124:,
120:,
116:,
112:,
1451:E
1440:A
1416:e
1409:t
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1371:(
1251:e
1244:t
1237:v
1030:.
1000:.
886:(
862:(
822:(
801:(
789:(
718:)
714:(
693:)
689:(
675:(
655:(
596:(
589:)
585:(
571:)
556:)
548:(
534:(
527:)
523:(
516:)
512:(
473:.
425:(
391:,
66:)
62:(
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