Penghu - Knowledge

3517: 1680:

not suited for growing rice. The Ch'üan-chou people make their houses by thatching grass. The weather is always warm. The customs are rustic. Many of the people are long-lived . Men and women both wear long cloth gowns girded with local cotton cloth. They boil sea to get salt, and ferment millet to make liquor. They gather fish, shrimp, snails, and clams to supplement their . They burn ox dung to cook fish fat for use as oil. The land produces sesame and green beans. The goats multiply into flocks of several tens of thousands. A family brands their hair and cuts their horns as marks of identification, but does not gather them in during the day or night, so that they all forage for themselves. Their workmen and merchants enjoy the profits of a flourishing trade.

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these island. But the future title is not determined by the Japanese peace treaty, nor is it determined by the peace treaty which was concluded between the Republic of China and Japan. Therefore, the juridical status of these islands, Formosa and the Pescadores, is different from the juridical status of the offshore islands which have always been Chinese territory.

3516: 1618:. Chinese fishermen had settled on the Penghu Islands by 1171, when a group of "Bisheye" bandits with dark skin speaking a foreign language landed on Penghu and plundered the fields planted by Chinese migrants. The Song government sent soldiers after them and from that time on, Song patrols regularly visited Penghu in the spring and summer. A local official, 1750:

the Chinese would permit them to engage in trade. The Dutch continued to raid the Fujian coast between October 1622 and January 1624 to force their demands, but were unsuccessful. In 1624, the new governor of Fujian sent a fleet of 40–50 warships with 5,000 troops to Penghu and expelled the Dutch, who moved to

1977:

on April 28, 1952, and the treaty came into force on August 5, which is considered by some as giving a legal support to the Republic of China's claim to Taiwan as "de jure" territory. The treaty stipulates that all treaties, conventions, and agreements between China and Japan prior to 9 December 1941

4618:

But in the view of our State Department, no agreement has 'purported to transfer the sovereignty of Formosa to (the Republic of) China. At the present time, we accept the exercise of Chinese authority over Formosa, and recognize the Government of the Republic of China (the Nationalist Government) as

4504:

p8. "the principles of prescription and occupation that may justify the ROC's claim to Taiwan certainly are not applicable to the PRC because the application of these two principles to the Taiwan situation presupposes the validity of the two peace treaties by which Japan renounce its claim to Taiwan

3584:

Despite the size of the drug seizure, only the five crew members of the Chinese fishing boat were detained in the operation, with authorities "unable to find the Taiwanese ship which should have turned up to take delivery of the drugs". It was unclear from media reports how the Taiwanese side of the

1682:

The territory is attached to Chin-chiang county of Ch'üan-chou . During the reign-period Chih-yüan 至元 a sub-county magistrate was assigned there to be in charge of the annual tax fixed on salt; during the Chung-t'ung 中統 reign-period this amounted to ten ingots and twenty-five ounces. No other tax

4588:

The position of the Administration is that these territories were handed over to the Allied and associated powers of World War II by Japan, which had held them since 1895, and that General Chiang was merely asked to administer them for the Allied and associated powers pending a final decision as to

4542:

The legal position is different, as I think I pointed out in my last press conference, by virtue of the fact that technical sovereignty over Formosa and the Pescadores has never been settled. That is because the Japanese peace treaty merely involves a renunciation by Japan of its right and title to

1989:

However, in 1954, the United States denied that the sovereignty over Taiwan and the Penghu islands had been settled by the Treaty of Taipei. In the following year, the United States also stated its position that Taiwan and Penghu were handed over to the Allied Powers, and that the Republic of China

1864:

an advanced base from which their short-range coal-burning ships could control the Taiwan Straits and thus prevent more Chinese troops from being sent to Taiwan. This action persuaded the Chinese negotiators at Shimonoseki that Japan was determined to annex Taiwan, and, after Penghu, Taiwan and the

1679:

There are thirty-six islands, large and small, so close together that the slopes of one are visible from another. Among them are seven harbors which are named. With a favoring wind they can be reached from Ch'üan-chou in two days and nights. There is grass but no trees ; the land is barren and

1749:

in 1622, they seized Penghu, built a fort there, and threatened raids on Chinese ports and shipping unless the Chinese allowed trading with them on Penghu and that China not trade with Manila. In response, the Chinese governor of Fujian demanded that the Dutch withdraw from Penghu to Taiwan, where

3564:

In 2016, Chou Meng-hsiang (周盟翔), chief prosecutor of the Penghu District Prosecutors Office, "led an investigation team in Taiwan, including officers from the Coast Guard Administration, in a bid to bring (a) drug trafficking ring to justice." A joint investigation with Philippine and Chinese

6268:

The provinces are merely retained as nominal entities within the constitutional structure, as they have no governing power following the formal dissolution of the provincial administrative organs in 2018. Cities and counties are de facto regarded as the principal constituent divisions of the

3378:, the ROC government plans to set up a total of 200 wind turbines in Penghu within 10 years. However, only 14 turbines have been set up as of 2015. On 1 October 2015, Taipower announced the construction of another 11 new wind turbines across the island, of which six will be constructed in 1927:

of 1943, the United States, the United Kingdom and China stated it to be their purpose that "all the territories that Japan has stolen from the Chinese, such as Formosa and The Pescadores, shall be restored to the Republic of China". On 26 July 1945, the three governments issued the

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ARTICLE VI. For the purposes of Articles II and V, the terms "territorial" and "territories" shall mean in respect of the Republic of China, Taiwan and the Pescadores: and in respect of the United States of America, the island territories in the West Pacific under its

3560:

As a lightly populated outlying island, Penghu lends itself to being used as a trans-shipment hub for drug smuggling into Taiwan from China and the Philippines. Beginning in 2016, the area became the focus of a major drug trafficking crackdown by the Taiwanese police.

4101:

Older low-sea-level events, 225, 240–280, ?300, 335–360 and 425–450 ka cannot be completely excluded as the age for Penghu 1, but such a situation requires explanation for preservation through repeated sedimentary events and the unusual distribution of

80: 1629:

had houses built on Penghu and stationed troops there to prevent depredations by the Bisheye. Coins dating to the Xining (1068-1077) and Zhenghe (1111-1117) reign periods as well as many Song pottery and porcelain shards have been unearthed in Penghu.

4502:, decided by the Tokyo High Court on December 24, 1956, it was stated that 'Formosa and the Pescadores came to belong to the Republic of China, at any rate on August 5, 1952, when the Treaty between Japan and the Republic of China came into force…'" 3565:

authorities spanning one and a half years resulted in the seizure of "22.6 kilograms of amphetamine, 11.4 kilograms of ephedrine, and about 40 kilograms of calcium chloride" with an estimated value of NT$ 123 million. Eight suspects were arrested in

1998:, no agreement has purported to transfer the sovereignty of Taiwan to the ROC, though it accepted the exercise of Chinese authority over Taiwan and recognized the Government of the Republic of China as the legal government of China at the time. 1932:, declaring that "the terms of the Cairo Declaration shall be carried out". However, the United States and the United Kingdom have regarded the aforementioned documents as merely wartime statements of intention with no binding force in law. 1419:, identified as Penghu, that had thousands of sandbars called "Pinghu" (flat lake) because of the "encircling shape of its inner coastline". Song sources describe migrants from Fujian cultivating land on Pinghu. In 1225, the Song historian 3576:

was seized from a Chinese fishing boat off Penghu "as part of an ongoing crackdown on the area drug trade". Ephedrine smuggling has increased in recent years as it has a similar structure to amphetamines and can be easily converted into

4481: 3585:

smuggling operation knew to abort the rendezvous. The suppliers of the shipment also evaded capture. It was believed that the drugs were destined to be transported from Penghu for distribution on Taiwan.

4938:

Penghu county consists of 1 city and 5 townships, which are Magong city, Huxi Township, Baisha Township, Xiyu Township, Wang-an Township and Qimei Township. The city and township comprise 97 villages.

3397:

use, in November 2015 the county secured a contract of building an additional desalination plant with 4,000 m capacity per day, construction of which is expected to be completed by May 2018.

4427: 5978: 5843:

Leyden Studies in Sinology: Papers Presented at the Conference Held in Celebration of the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Sinological Institute of Leyden University, December 8-12, 1980

5935: 1352:

Penghu Islands rely solely on sea and air transportation, with air transport having a significant role in outside access. The islands are served by three local domestic airports:

4494:

p7. "In any case, there appears to be strong legal ground to support the view that since the entry into force of the 1952 ROC-Japan bilateral peace treaty, Taiwan has become the

2023:, disintegrated and exploded over the Islands. The wreckage slammed into the Taiwan Strait, a couple of miles off the coast. All 225 passengers and crew on board were killed. 4985: 4640: 3409:

was established in the early 1990s, comprising most of the islands and islets of the archipelago. Tourism has since become one of the main sources of income of the county.

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County "Penghu". In 1227, Wang Xiangzhi described Penghu as a group of 36 islands in an "outlying region" which took three days to reach by sailing from Jinjiang. In the

6324: 4575: 4663: 2903: 5971: 4370: 3816: 3581:. According to a Focus Taiwan report, "(It) can then be sold for ten times the price, in this case that would be more than NT$ 1 billion (US$ 33.33 million)." 3853: 3330: 3319: 5779:

Twentieth century impressions of Hongkong, Shanghai, and other treaty ports of China: their history, people, commerce, industries, and resources, Volume 1

3280:

does not include Penghu, although it is closer to Taiwan than mainland China. Thus, Penghu is listed separately from "Taiwan" in some contexts, e.g. the

4904: 5964: 5101: 4498:

territory of the ROC. This interpretation of the legal status of Taiwan is confirmed by several Japanese court decisions. For instance, in the case of

3829:...Section. 15. For purposes of this Act- 2. the term "Taiwan" includes, as the context may require, the islands of Taiwan and the Pescadores (Penghu). 3303:

due to their declining population. The ban was partially lifted in 2017, with catches limited to only specimens larger than 8 cm (3.1 in) in

4605: 1809:, whose naval victories during the war had made him a national hero in France. Courbet was among several French soldiers and sailors who succumbed to 1431:

language, both Pinghu and Penghu are pronounced similarly, and scholars in Taiwan believe them to be the same place. In Southern Min it is pronounced

5293: 5260: 1852:, having defeated the Qing in northern China, Japan sought to ensure that it obtained Penghu and Taiwan in the final settlement. In March 1895, the 1603:

began to establish fishing communities on the islands in the 9th and 10th centuries, and representatives were intermittently stationed there by the

6256: 4417: 6317: 5037: 4602:"William P. Rogers, Attorney General of the United States, Appellant v. Cheng Fu Sheng and Lin Fu Mei, Appellees, 280 F.2d 663 (D.C. Cir. 1960)" 3281: 3273: 1405: 5711:—— (2006). "The Seventeenth-century Transformation: Taiwan under the Dutch and the Cheng Regime". In Rubinstein, Murray A. (ed.). 5925: 4826: 4794: 4762: 4730: 3284:(the official WTO name for the Republic of China) and in the Treaty of Shimonoseki, the Cairo Declaration, and the Treaty of San Francisco. 1958:

by the Allied Powers. The Office of the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers ordered Japanese forces in China and Taiwan to surrender to

4880: 4047:

Chang, Chun-Hsiang; Kaifu, Yousuke; Takai, Masanaru; Kono, Reiko T.; Grün, Rainer; Matsu’ura, Shuji; Kinsley, Les; Lin, Liang-Kong (2015).

3268:, both the Republic of China and the People's Republic of China agree that Penghu is a county in (their own respective) "Taiwan Province" ( 1619: 1446:, "Pinghu"(平湖) was also written as "Penghu"(彭湖), and ultimately the consensus, is to write "Penghu"(澎湖). The islands have also been called 6605: 5504:

Hsu, Wen-hsiung (1980). "From Aboriginal Island to Chinese Frontier: The Development of Taiwan before 1683". In Knapp, Ronald G. (ed.).

3973: 6310: 5998: 4701: 314: 291: 195: 143: 4950: 1990:

was merely asked to administer these territories for the Allied Powers pending a final decision as to their ownership. In the 1960

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commissioned in 2001, and the Hujing Power Plant on Table Island. On 24 December 2010, the Taiwan-Penghu Undersea Cable Project of

1986:

case, it was stated that Taiwan and the Penghu islands came to belong to the ROC on the date the Treaty of Taipei came into force.

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anecdotally indicated that Penghu was attached to Jinjiang, Quanzhou Prefecture. A group of Quanzhou immigrants lived on Penghu.

5475: 5381: 5350: 5319: 5190: 5159: 5128: 5071: 1940: 5692:

Wills, John E. Jr. (1998). "Relations with maritime Europeans, 1514–1662". In Twitchett, Denis C.; Mote, Frederick W. (eds.).

5221: 3782: 5869: 5850: 5831: 5812: 5766: 5739: 5720: 5701: 5673: 5587: 5523: 5494: 5456: 3956: 3292:

Due to its restricted geography, fishing has been the main industry for Penghu. The Agriculture and Fisheries Bureau of the

6275: 6008: 5420: 1897: 1166: 4560: 6087: 3569:, a small island in northern Philippines, but no Taiwanese nationals were charged in relation to the importation scheme. 1338: 6376: 4925: 4671: 3994:大正6年（1917），日人藤田豊八在〈南蠻之來襲〉中，認為「平湖」與「澎湖」為同音異字。毛一波由音韻解釋：「平」可作「旁」音讀之。「彭」音「滂」，本與「旁」通，「旁」即是「滂」。「澎」之字音也是從「旁」字而來，是故「平」與「澎」為同音異字。 6333: 6003: 5987: 4121: 3699: 2943: 1874: 5058: 4366: 4229: 2004:

fleeing Vietnam in the 1970s and 1980s who were rescued by Taiwan's ships in the South China Sea were sent to Penghu.

1714:. When these restrictions were removed in the late 16th century, legal fishing communities, most of which hailed from 4475: 3949:

Formosa under the Dutch: described from contemporary records, with explanatory notes and a bibliography of the island

3907: 3496: 3485: 2854: 1218: 5845:. Sinica Leidensia. Vol. 15. Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden. Sinologisch instituut (illustrated ed.). BRILL. 3804: 1966:

handed over the administration of Taiwan and the Penghu islands to the head of the Taiwan Investigation Commission,

6600: 1368:

comprises most of the islands and islets of the archipelago. It is also renowned for its unique natural feature of

4227:明萬曆年以後，澎湖第二次有移住民，以福建泉州府屬同安縣金門人遷來最早; 其後接踵而至者，亦以同安縣人為最多。彼等捷足先至者，得以優先選擇良好地區定居之，澎湖本島即多被同安人所先占; 尤其素稱土地沃之湖西鄉，完全成為同安人之區域。 2044: 2036: 6073: 3841: 3249: 1815: 113: 3548: 3465: 3457: 863: 659: 443: 86: 6018: 3940: 2850: 1322: 1063: 968: 835: 761: 631: 557: 5105: 4537: 4601: 3849: 3812: 3253: 982: 775: 571: 267: 3944: 6302: 5666:

Mercenaries, Pirates, and Sovereigns: State-Building and Extraterritorial Violence in Early Modern Europe

5285: 3523: 3406: 1365: 926: 719: 515: 459: 5252: 3709: 3265: 1885: 1853: 1802: 103: 5033: 6357: 6337: 3572:

In 2017, media reported "the biggest-ever haul of drugs in the county's history" when 506 kg of

3356: 2040: 2032: 2008: 1268:, covering an area of 141 square kilometers (54 sq mi). The archipelago collectively forms 450: 6242: 6113: 3778: 3704: 3326: 3293: 3014: 2977: 2957: 2923: 2898: 1734: 1701: 245: 175: 3393:

capacity of the county to provide clean water to its residents is 15,500 m per day. To reduce its

3325:

Education-related matters in Penghu County are administered under the Education Department of the

132: 6595: 4853:"Geochronology and geochemistry of Penghu basalts, Taiwan Strait and their tectonic significance" 4819: 4787: 4755: 4723: 3481: 3429: 3413: 3202: 3168: 3137: 3103: 3072: 3027: 1849: 1751: 1442:, Penghu's original name had been "Pinghu"(平湖), but as "Ping"(平) sounded similar to "Peng"(彭) in 4852: 3341: 1962:, who the Allied Powers delegated to accept the surrender. On 25 October 1945, Governor-General 6590: 6551: 4697: 3453: 2708: 1951: 1924: 1861: 338: 3510:

The county welcomed 1.8 million tourists in 2018 with an average annual growth of around 10%.

1762: 5635:

Thompson, Lawrence G. (1964). "The earliest eyewitness accounts of the Formosan aborigines".

5544:

The Taiwan Strait between the Twelfth and Sixteenth Centuries and the Maritime Route to Luzon

4467:

The international status of Taiwan in the new world order: legal and political considerations

4057: 3981: 3641: 3421: 3352: 3345: 2981: 1995: 1979: 1870: 1797:

The Penghu archipelago was captured by the French in March 1885, in the closing weeks of the

1305:. The archipelago was formally incorporated as an administrative unit of China in 1281 under 1294: 250: 90: 5605: 4693: 4524:(13 December 1954). "News Conference Statements: Purpose of treaty with Republic of China". 1786:. Military personnel were stationed on Penghu afterwards. Penghu became a sub-prefecture of 6541: 6531: 6163: 5449:

The New Cambridge Modern History IV: The Decline of Spain and the Thirty Years War, 1609–59

4864: 4066: 3461: 3360: 1967: 1896:(Makung) was a major base for the Imperial Japanese Navy and the embarkation point for the 1719: 1342: 399: 24: 4951:"Constituency Legislator Election, Penghu County Constituency, Ballots Cast of Candidates" 1392:(960–1279), it was mentioned that during the Tang period, "Pinghu" barbarians from beyond 666: 8: 6451: 6446: 5929: 5777: 4958: 4521: 3229: 2735: 2681: 1955: 1947: 1929: 1893: 1806: 1775: 1771: 1585: 1577: 1475: 1470: 1462: 1317:. It continued to be controlled by Imperial China with brief European occupations by the 1130: 5609: 5552: 4868: 4070: 6441: 6436: 5882:

China, Her History, Diplomacy, and Commerce: From the Earliest Times to the Present Day

5652: 5007: 4087: 4048: 3449: 3441: 3205: 3171: 3140: 3106: 3075: 3030: 1936: 1866: 1624: 1881: 1841: 1832: 1233: 1044: 1020: 816: 612: 6246: 6233: 5956: 5886: 5865: 5846: 5827: 5808: 5762: 5735: 5716: 5697: 5669: 5615: 5593: 5583: 5566: 5558: 5519: 5490: 5471: 5452: 4977: 4901: 4876: 4471: 4106:. Therefore, Penghu 1 is younger than 450 ka, and most likely 10–70 ka or 130–190 ka. 4092: 3952: 3903: 3645: 3445: 3437: 3058: 2999: 2969: 2961: 2882: 2685: 2623: 2575: 1943: 1787: 1443: 1373: 1369: 1334: 1310: 1004: 996: 797: 789: 593: 585: 85:

Clockwise from the top: A night view of Xiying Rainbow Bridge, Zhongyang Old Street,

20: 5730:—— (2010). "Maritime Europe and the Ming". In Wills, John E. Jr. (ed.). 5468:

Pentecost of the Hills in Taiwan: The Christian Faith Among the Original Inhabitants

5389: 5358: 5327: 5198: 5167: 5136: 5079: 4955:

The 14th Presidential and Vice Presidential Election and The 9th Legislator Election

3734: 6393: 5648: 5644: 5509: 5229: 5059:

http://island.giee.ntnu.edu.tw/ISISA2004/ISISA8/107%204-2-C-4%20Liu%20Yin%20Yuh.pdf

4872: 4529: 4082: 4074: 3774: 3433: 3277: 3245: 1974: 1904: 1783: 1482: 1424: 1298: 1261: 1189: 891: 684: 478: 6570: 6555: 6504: 6408: 6361: 6193: 6173: 6146: 6096: 6052: 6037: 5947: 5894: 5783: 5745: 5623: 4908: 4233: 3739: 3649: 3578: 3368: 3269: 3004: 1959: 1798: 1791: 1746: 1663:

County, incorporating Penghu into China's borders 403 years earlier than Taiwan.

1588:

from southwestern Taiwan around 5,000 years ago, though not settled permanently.

1401: 1361: 1326: 1279: 1154: 1118: 954: 747: 543: 200: 66: 32: 5732:

China and Maritime Europe, 1500–1800: Trade, Settlement, Diplomacy, and Missions

5412: 3236:. Two shorter bridges connect Huxi and Baisha via the small island of Zhongtun. 3228:

and Xiyu are the three most populous islands and are connected via bridges. The

1963: 1671: 870: 6565:

Lienchiang County commonly known as Matsu. Diaoyutai Islands are controlled by

6518: 6494: 6474: 6403: 6365: 6203: 6198: 6158: 4566: 4422: 3691: 3609: 3492: 3425: 3417: 3383: 3375: 3364: 3158: 3065: 2734:

The majority of the populace (72%+) in Penghu are descendants of settlers from

2697: 2012: 1564: 1353: 1302: 1265: 940: 733: 529: 414: 384: 5880: 2914: 6584: 6526: 6510: 6484: 6428: 6418: 6398: 6218: 6188: 6183: 6178: 6168: 5951: 5694:

The Cambridge History of China: Volume 8, The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 2

4981: 4921: 4571: 4021: 3677: 3653: 3637: 3621: 3617: 3597: 3504: 3473: 3225: 3093: 2965: 2719: 2454: 1915: 1718:

County, were re-established on the islands. These fishermen worshiped at the

1604: 1410: 1357: 1346: 1257: 1013: 263: 158: 145: 5805:

Matters of Exchange: Commerce, Medicine, and Science in the Dutch Golden Age

5787: 5749: 5597: 5570: 4125: 6489: 6479: 5898: 5759:

China's Conquest of Taiwan in the Seventeenth Century: Victory at Full Moon

5627: 4555: 4226: 4096: 3469: 3390: 3379: 3315: 3195: 3130: 2927: 2907: 2704: 1889: 1779: 1707: 1648: 1608: 1581: 1451: 1428: 1389: 1385: 1330: 1318: 1314: 1290: 1142: 1106: 1101: 1096: 1034: 898: 806: 691: 602: 485: 6332: 5920: 5619: 1837: 3878:

Asian & Pacific Quarterly of Cultural and Social Affairs:15-16, p. 43

3394: 2001: 1857: 1688: 1666: 1652: 1635: 1596: 1552: 1249: 5656: 2948: 19:"Pescadores" redirects here. For the Ecuadorian socio-ethnic group, see 5514: 4078: 3477: 3300: 2931: 2886: 2700:. The stratigraphy of the island is dominated by two to four layers of 1730:. The Ming established a permanent military presence starting in 1597. 1715: 1660: 1420: 1349:, Penghu is defined and geographically acknowledged as part of Taiwan. 1306: 5535:

China's Island Frontier: Studies in the Historical Geography of Taiwan

5506:

China's Island Frontier: Studies in the Historical Geography of Taiwan

873: 6349: 6068: 6057: 3625: 3573: 2020: 1726:

its name and themselves gave rise to the Portuguese and English name

1560: 329: 1860:. The Japanese occupation of Penghu, with its fine harbor, gave the 1813:

during the French occupation of Penghu. He died aboard his flagship

1384:

The "Penghu" islands were mentioned in a series of poems during the

1289:

The Penghu islands first appear in the historical record during the

6547: 6042: 5222:"Annual Ridership on Kinmen-Fujian Ferry Services Tops 1.5 Million" 3304: 2712: 2054:

Climate data for Penghu (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1897–present）

1978:

were null and void, which according to Hungdah Chiu, abolishes the

1548: 1416: 1393: 912: 705: 499: 346: 28: 5614:. London, New York, Bombay and Calcutta: Longmans, Green, and co. 5580:

Statecraft and Political Economy on the Taiwan Frontier, 1600–1800

5413:"Massive Drugs Catch on Chinese Fishing Boat Near Taiwan's Penghu" 2858: 6130: 6125: 3685: 3593: 3566: 3296:

governs matters related to agriculture and fisheries in Penghu.

2693: 1810: 1556: 1260:, located approximately 50 km (31 mi) west of the main 1230: 1041: 813: 609: 5890: 5562: 1174: 6469: 6385: 6341: 6213: 6135: 6047: 6030: 5912: 5864:. Translated by William W. Wang. China Intercontinental Press. 5824:

Maritime Sector, Institutions, and Sea Power of Premodern China

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as a means to boost tourism in the outlying islands of Taiwan.

3500: 3374:

Under a wind power development project approved in 2002 by the

3282:

Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu

3233: 3019: 2973: 2739: 2701: 2016: 1820: 1738: 1723: 1711: 1600: 1397: 1283: 1275: 360: 334: 211: 188: 1524: 6566: 6413: 5685:

Maritime Taiwan: Historical Encounters with the East and West

5160:"Penghu Chief Seeks Support for Desalination Plant Expansion" 1742: 1509: 1286:, located on the largest island, which is also named Magong. 1253: 1210: 1068: 1049: 840: 821: 636: 617: 5191:"Ferry Service Between Tainan and Penghu's Dongji Kicks Off" 3224:

The main island (comprising Magong City and Huxi Township),

5072:"Ban on Sea Urchin Harvesting Temporarily Lifted in Penghu" 4193: 3044: 1500: 1491: 1201: 4397: 5286:"Largest-Ever Haul of Drugs Found Off Penghu, Police Say" 1669:

gave a detailed first-hand account of the islands in his

1515: 1198: 4323: 4205: 3752: 3750: 1745:. When the Dutch were defeated by the Portuguese at the 5382:"Taiwan, China, Philippines Bust Drug Trafficking Ring" 4418:"Cairo Formosa Declaration Out of Date, Says Churchill" 4385: 4181: 3499:

upon arrival in Penghu. This privilege also applies to

1710:

ordered the evacuation of the islands as part of their

1551:, a fossil jaw (mandible) dating to the Middle or Late 6273: 5986: 5129:"Taipower to Help Build Penghu Into Low-Carbon County" 4287: 4263: 4157: 4147: 4145: 4143: 3299:

In 2016, the bureau placed a ban on the harvesting of

5253:"Official Clarifies Following Han's Penghu Ferry Vow" 4311: 4275: 4251: 3747: 1950:, which directed Japanese forces to surrender to the 1854:

Japanese defeated the Chinese garrison on the islands

1527: 1518: 1497: 1494: 1485: 1219: 1001: 987: 973: 959: 945: 931: 917: 903: 794: 780: 766: 752: 738: 724: 710: 696: 590: 576: 562: 548: 534: 520: 504: 490: 5318:

Chen, Chih-ching; Liu, Kuan-lin (16 December 2017).

4633:"Despite Perils Afloat, Vietnamese Continue to Flee" 4335: 4299: 3918: 3916: 3667: 3331:

National Penghu University of Science and Technology

3320:

National Penghu University of Science and Technology

3232:

connecting Baisha and Xiyu is the longest bridge in

1778:

under the Zheng family, which was overthrown by the

1512: 1506: 1488: 1376:

is one of the main sources of income to the county.

1195: 5582:(illustrated ed.). Stanford University Press. 5380:Chen, Chi-ching; Huang, Frances (4 February 2016). 5349:Hsieh, Chia-chen; Chang, S. C. (28 November 2016). 4520: 4442: 4347: 4140: 4116: 4114: 4046: 1503: 1207: 1204: 1192: 1025: 5320:"More Details Revealed About Drug Bust off Penghu" 5189:Chang, Jung-hsiang; Kuo, Chung-han (29 May 2016). 4972:Alsford, Niki J. P.; Griffith, Ed (14 July 2020). 4559: 4239: 1903:In 1944, Penghu was extensively bombed during the 6281:. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 5351:"President Orders All-Out Effort to Combat Drugs" 4459: 4457: 3913: 3881: 3244:The county elects a single representative to the 6582: 6257:List of townships/cities and districts in Taiwan 5776:Wright, Arnold (1908). Cartwright, H. A. (ed.). 5696:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 333–375. 5668:(reprint ed.). Princeton University Press. 5127:Chen, Chi-ching; Hung, Lauren (1 October 2015). 4169: 4111: 5470:(illustrated ed.). Hope Publishing House. 5451:. Vol. 4 (reprint ed.). CUP Archive. 5313: 5311: 5280: 5278: 5220:Huang, Hui-min; Low, Y. F. (30 December 2014). 4971: 4748: 4716: 4664:"China Airlines safety record in the spotlight" 2964:. It is further divided into 97 villages. Like 1293:and were inhabited by Chinese people under the 5734:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 24–77. 4780: 4454: 3628:operates flights between Penghu to Kaohsiung. 3464:. Other attractions in the county include the 1873:in April, helped to ensure the success of the 919:ㄆㄥˊ ㄏㄨˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ 6318: 5972: 5782:. Lloyds Greater Britain publishing company. 4812: 4670:. Cable News Network LP, LLLP. Archived from 4040: 3644:. Magong Harbor hosts ferry connections with 3185: 3120: 3048: 2934:and headquartered at the Penghu County Hall. 1994:case, it was stated that, in the view of the 1869:had been ceded to Japan in the Sino-Japanese 1741:to Dutch trade and expel the Portuguese from 868: 712:ㄆㄥˊ ㄏㄨˊ ㄉㄠˇ 664: 448: 51: 5308: 5275: 4554: 2952:Administrative subdivisions of Penghu County 2910:, the incumbent Magistrate of Penghu County. 1737:was trying to force China to open a port in 40:County in Taiwan Province, Republic of China 5508:. The University of Hawaii. pp. 3–28. 3935: 3933: 3931: 3274:Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China 3250:2016 Republic of China legislative election 2937: 2851:"Populations by city and country in Taiwan" 2688:basalt at South Penghu Marine National Park 1973:The Republic of China and Japan signed the 1479:but, in English, it is typically closer to 1178:Northern islands of Penghu (the Pescadores) 6325: 6311: 5999:List of administrative divisions of Taiwan 5979: 5965: 5348: 4974:"China is Becoming Increasingly Assertive" 4851:Juang, W. S.; Chen, J.C. (February 1992). 4463: 4359: 6573:). Seat of the outlying islands' counties 5604: 5513: 5379: 4857:Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences 4850: 4470:. Kluwer Law International. p. 337. 4415: 4403: 4086: 3898: 3896: 2889:dialect being the most prevalent speech. 6274:Sarah Shair-Rosenfield (November 2020). 5634: 5577: 5487:Straits of Malacca: Gateway or Gauntlet? 5219: 5188: 5126: 5070:Chen, Chi-ching; Lin, Ko (11 May 2017). 4534:United States Government Printing Office 4293: 4199: 4187: 3939: 3928: 3769: 3767: 3765: 3592: 3340: 3314: 3057: 2947: 2913: 2902: 2715:deposited in shallow marine conditions. 2680: 1914: 1836: 1761: 1555:that belonged to a member of an extinct 1173: 283:141.052 km (54.460 sq mi) 5663: 5484: 5317: 5069: 4281: 4269: 4222: 4220: 3999: 3971: 1801:, and evacuated four months later. The 6583: 5775: 5465: 5446: 5410: 5104:. Taiwan Power Company. Archived from 4825:(in Chinese). Central Weather Bureau. 4793:(in Chinese). Central Weather Bureau. 4761:(in Chinese). Central Weather Bureau. 4729:(in Chinese). Central Weather Bureau. 4661: 4608:from the original on 30 September 2022 4317: 4305: 4257: 3893: 3522:Original 1908 memorial to the cruiser 2764: 1941:Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers 1774:and the archipelago were ruled by the 1770:For a period in the mid-17th century, 1584:, indicate that Penghu was visited by 1415:described a place across the sea from 1003: 796: 592: 6306: 6237:under special municipalities / cities 5960: 5729: 5710: 5691: 5532: 5388:. Central News Agency. Archived from 5357:. Central News Agency. Archived from 5326:. Central News Agency. Archived from 5228:. Central News Agency. Archived from 5197:. Central News Agency. Archived from 5166:. Central News Agency. Archived from 5135:. Central News Agency. Archived from 5078:. Central News Agency. Archived from 5022:– via Taiwan Documents Project. 4988:from the original on 16 November 2021 4832:from the original on 19 December 2022 4800:from the original on 19 February 2022 4373:from the original on 2 September 2022 4353: 4341: 4329: 4211: 4151: 3922: 3856:from the original on 24 December 2022 3842:"Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty" 3762: 1474: 1461:The name "Pescadores" comes from the 1297:, during which they were attached to 6009:List of metropolitan areas in Taiwan 5756: 5682: 5550: 5423:from the original on 21 January 2022 5411:Strong, Matthew (16 December 2017). 5250: 5040:from the original on 6 December 2010 4768:from the original on 17 October 2022 4736:from the original on 17 October 2022 4704:from the original on 9 December 2022 4630: 4448: 4391: 4245: 4217: 3491:Since 1 January 2015, tourists from 3259: 1982:ceding Taiwan to Japan. In the 1956 1910: 87:Qimei Double-Heart of Stacked Stones 5879:Parker, Edward Harper, ed. (1917). 5541: 5503: 5296:from the original on 1 October 2022 5263:from the original on 1 October 2022 5157: 4686: 4643:from the original on 8 October 2016 4416:Middleton, Drew (2 February 1955). 4175: 4163: 3951:. London: Kegan Paul. p. 546. 3887: 3819:from the original on 19 August 2022 3756: 3555: 1657:Penghu Patrol and Inspection Agency 1339:Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty 13: 6606:Archipelagoes of the Pacific Ocean 6004:Free area of the Republic of China 5988:Administrative divisions of Taiwan 5796: 5048:– via National Diet Library. 5014:from the original on 23 April 2022 4928:from the original on 6 August 2020 4430:from the original on 17 March 2022 3700:Administrative divisions of Taiwan 3528:pictured. Modern park memorial in 2956:Penghu County is divided into one 2944:Administrative divisions of Taiwan 2881:In Penghu, the native language is 2759: 1956:occupation of Japanese territories 1880:Penghu County was then called the 1826: 1333:, Penghu has been governed by the 1325:(1885), until it was ceded to the 14: 6617: 5938:(Copyright © 2012 Culture Taiwan) 5906: 5251:Shan, Shelley (29 October 2019). 4883:from the original on 27 June 2018 4578:from the original on 8 March 2015 4484:from the original on 8 April 2023 3902:方豪，1994，《台灣早期史綱》，頁33-34，台北：學生書局. 3785:from the original on 1 March 2021 3486:South Penghu Marine National Park 3264:Despite the controversy over the 2922:Penghu County is administered by 1805:was the last campaign of Admiral 23:. For the 1938 Mexican film, see 16:Island group and county of Taiwan 6375: 5941: 5715:. M.E. Sharpe. pp. 84–106. 4528:. Vol. XXXI, no. 807. 4367:"Reading Digital Atlas - 臺灣府汛塘圖" 3980:, pp. 92–93, archived from 3684: 3670: 3624:. Both airports opened in 1977. 3541: 3515: 2972:. The county seat is located at 1481: 1188: 1160: 1148: 1136: 1124: 1112: 181: 131: 112: 102: 79: 27:. It is not to be confused with 5841:Idema, Wilt Lukas, ed. (1981). 5489:. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. 5404: 5373: 5342: 5244: 5213: 5182: 5151: 5120: 5094: 5063: 5052: 5026: 5000: 4965: 4943: 4914: 4895: 4844: 4655: 4624: 4594: 4548: 4514: 4464:Henckaerts, Jean-Marie (1996). 4409: 4014: 4005: 3965: 2724: 2669:Source: Central Weather Bureau 2039:: Cwa), bordering on a regular 2031:Penghu County has a dry-winter 1757: 1695: 1642: 1591: 1423:called the islands attached to 1282:of Taiwan. The largest city is 1069: 1050: 1026: 841: 822: 637: 618: 5826:. Greenwood Publishing Group. 5683:Tsai, Shih-shan Henry (2009), 5649:10.1080/02549948.1964.11731044 5578:Shepherd, John Robert (1993). 5439: 4911:張屏生、李仲民(2006)《澎湖縣白沙鄉語言地理研究》p36 4619:the legal Government of China. 3872: 3834: 3797: 3740:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary 3727: 3549:Double-Heart of Stacked Stones 3466:Double-Heart of Stacked Stones 3458:Chang Yu-sheng Memorial Museum 2729: 1337:(ROC). Under the terms of the 1002: 988: 974: 960: 946: 932: 918: 904: 869: 795: 781: 767: 753: 739: 725: 711: 697: 665: 591: 577: 563: 549: 535: 521: 505: 491: 449: 260: • County Magistrate 229:One city, five rural townships 52: 1: 5554:L'escadre de l'amiral Courbet 4631:Kamm, Henry (5 August 1981). 3715: 2892: 2745: 2045:Köppen climate classification 2037:Köppen climate classification 1886:Japanese government of Taiwan 1612: 1567: 1543: 1323:Second French colonial empire 5926:澎湖研究學術研討會第1-8屆論文輯全球資訊網-歷屆論文 5921:Penghu Tour Official Website 5158:Liu, Kay (6 November 2015). 4924:. Penghu County Government. 4877:10.1016/0743-9547(92)90053-E 4662:Barron, Lisa (28 May 2002). 4526:Department of State Bulletin 3850:American Institute in Taiwan 3813:American Institute in Taiwan 3720: 3588: 3448:. Museums in the county are 3371:in Taiwan Island to Penghu. 3310: 3276:). Yet, geographically, the 3254:Democratic Progressive Party 3201: 3186: 3167: 3136: 3121: 3102: 3071: 3049: 3026: 3013: 7: 5946:Geographic data related to 5885:(2nd ed.). J. Murray. 5664:Thomson, Janice E. (1996). 5485:Freeman, Donald B. (2003). 5447:Cooper, J. P., ed. (1979). 3663: 3495:can directly apply for the 3407:Penghu National Scenic Area 3252:, this seat was won by the 3239: 2876: 2692:Penghu is the remnant of a 2527:Average precipitation days 2313:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 2173:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 1898:invasion of the Philippines 1875:Japanese invasion of Taiwan 1655:officially established the 1469:("Fishermen Islands"). The 1366:Penghu National Scenic Area 10: 6622: 5803:Cook, Harold John (2007). 5557:. Paris: Berger-Levrault. 5537:, The University of Hawaii 4505:and thus makes the island 4236:李紹章《澎湖縣誌》，《續修澎湖縣志（卷三）｜人民志》 3710:Political status of Taiwan 3400: 3287: 3266:political status of Taiwan 2941: 2896: 2857:. May 2018. Archived from 2717: 2676: 2668: 2053: 2026: 1830: 1794:, during the Qing period. 1699: 1659:under the jurisdiction of 1538: 1438:According to the official 1329:in 1895. Since the end of 189:Republic of China (Taiwan) 18: 6563: 6540: 6517: 6503: 6460: 6427: 6384: 6373: 6348: 6263: 6231: 6144: 6111: 6066: 6017: 5994: 5807:. Yale University Press. 5533:Knapp, Ronald G. (1980), 5466:Covell, Ralph R. (1998). 5386:Focus Taiwan News Channel 5355:Focus Taiwan News Channel 5324:Focus Taiwan News Channel 5226:Focus Taiwan News Channel 5195:Focus Taiwan News Channel 5164:Focus Taiwan News Channel 5133:Focus Taiwan News Channel 5076:Focus Taiwan News Channel 4232:13 September 2022 at the 4122:"Penghu Reclamation Hall" 3412:Historical sites include 3351:Penghu is powered by the 3336: 2847: 2777:— 2621: 2573: 2526: 2452: 2382: 2312: 2242: 2172: 2102: 2097: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2082: 2079: 2076: 2073: 2070: 2067: 2064: 2061: 2058: 2041:humid subtropical climate 2033:humid subtropical climate 2009:China Airlines Flight 611 1823:harbour on 11 June 1885. 1706:In the 15th century, the 1636:Book of Barbarian Nations 1085: 1062: 1040: 1033: 1019: 1012: 995: 981: 967: 953: 939: 925: 911: 897: 890: 885: 881: 862: 857: 834: 812: 805: 788: 774: 760: 746: 732: 718: 704: 690: 683: 678: 674: 658: 653: 630: 608: 601: 584: 570: 556: 542: 528: 514: 508:ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ 498: 484: 477: 472: 468: 458: 442: 438: 433: 425: 410: 395: 380: 376: 371: 367: 355: 345: 328: 324:720/km (1,900/sq mi) 320: 310: 302: 297: 287: 279: 274: 259: 238: 233: 225: 217: 207: 194: 174: 139: 130: 126: 98: 78: 73: 64: 45: 6334:Administrative divisions 5913:Penghu County Government 5757:Wong, Young-tsu (2017). 5611:Japanese rule in Formosa 3972:中央研究院臺灣史研究所, 顏尚文 (ed.), 3779:Penghu County Government 3705:List of cities in Taiwan 3631: 3357:diesel-fired power plant 3329:. The county houses the 3327:Penghu County Government 3294:Penghu County Government 3272:, Republic of China and 3256:with 55.4% of the vote. 2938:Administrative divisions 2924:Penghu County Government 2899:Penghu County Government 2855:Ministry of the Interior 1735:Dutch East India Company 1563:, was discovered in the 1345:between the ROC and the 864:Traditional Chinese 660:Traditional Chinese 506:ㄆㄥˊ ㄏㄨˊ 444:Traditional Chinese 246:Penghu County Government 6601:Archipelagoes of Taiwan 5761:. Singapore: Springer. 5542:Liu, Yingsheng (2012), 5008:"Treaty of Shimonoseki" 4026:dicionario.priberam.org 4008:〈早期臺灣的開發與經營〉，《臺灣早期歷史研究》 3497:Exit & Entry Permit 3482:Xiaomen Geology Gallery 3430:Penghu Reclamation Hall 2968:, Penghu County has no 1850:First Sino-Japanese War 1848:Towards the end of the 1440:Penghu County Chronicle 1379: 1092:Historical affiliations 6019:Special municipalities 5551:Loir, Maurice (1886). 5102:"2010 Taipower Events" 4957:. 2016. Archived from 4907:6 October 2022 at the 4698:Central Weather Bureau 4500:Japan v. Lai Chin Jung 4104:Crocuta crocuta ultima 3805:"Taiwan Relations Act" 3603: 3600: 3454:Ocean Resources Museum 3348: 3322: 2953: 2919: 2911: 2689: 1984:Japan v. Lai Chin Jung 1920: 1862:Imperial Japanese Navy 1845: 1767: 1693: 1647:In November 1281, the 1388:(618–907). During the 1179: 1171: 1109:(1368–1622, 1624–1644) 339:National Standard Time 159:23.56750°N 119.57750°E 5713:Taiwan: A New History 5546:, Harrassowitz Verlag 4589:their ownership...... 4058:Nature Communications 3642:Longmen Jianshan Pier 3596: 3353:Chienshan Power Plant 3346:Chienshan Power Plant 3344: 3318: 2982:Penghu County Council 2951: 2926:headed by Magistrate 2917: 2906: 2751:Historical population 2718:Further information: 2684: 2015:aircraft flying from 1996:U.S. State Department 1980:Treaty of Shimonoseki 1939:on 2 September 1945, 1919:The Pescadores (1950) 1918: 1871:Treaty of Shimonoseki 1840: 1765: 1700:Further information: 1677: 1476:[pɨʃkɐˈðoɾɨʃ] 1400:, now the capital of 1295:Southern Song dynasty 1177: 1094: 251:Penghu County Council 91:Penghu Tianhou Temple 5860:Li, Qingxin (2006). 5292:. 17 December 2017. 4976:. IndraStra Global. 3608:Penghu is served by 3462:Penghu Living Museum 3363:was approved by the 3009:English translation 2976:where it houses the 2103:Record high °C (°F) 1702:Sino–Dutch conflicts 1683:or corvée is levied. 1559:species, possibly a 1467:Ilhas dos Pescadores 1343:Taiwan Relations Act 1278:and is the smallest 404:Gaillardia pulchella 321: • Density 25:Pescadores de perlas 5930:Traditional Chinese 5822:Deng, Gang (1999). 5687:, M.E. Sharpe, Inc. 5606:Takekoshi, Yosaburō 5392:on 27 November 2018 5361:on 27 November 2018 5330:on 27 November 2018 4869:1992JAESc...7..185J 4639:. Section A, p. 2. 4558:(6 February 1955). 4522:Department of State 4394:, pp. 291–317. 4332:, pp. 368–369. 4202:, pp. 167–168. 4071:2015NatCo...6.6037C 4049:"The first archaic 3984:on 11 February 2022 3945:"Explanatory Notes" 3230:Penghu Great Bridge 2861:on 16 December 2017 2752: 2383:Record low °C (°F) 2243:Daily mean °C (°F) 1954:and facilitate the 1948:General Order No. 1 1930:Potsdam Declaration 1844:Government building 1803:Pescadores Campaign 1776:Kingdom of Tungning 1766:Map of Penghu, 1752 1578:cord-marked pottery 1471:European Portuguese 1341:and the subsequent 1131:Kingdom of Tungning 164:23.56750; 119.57750 155: / 5862:Maritime Silk Road 5477:978-0-93-272-790-9 5170:on 7 November 2015 5034:"Cairo Communiqué" 4637:The New York Times 4214:, p. 167-168. 4166:, p. 170-171. 4079:10.1038/ncomms7037 3759:, p. 167-168. 3743:. Merriam-Webster. 3601: 3450:Chuwan Crab Museum 3442:Jinguitou Fortress 3389:The current total 3349: 3323: 3161:(Wang-an, Wang'an) 2978:Penghu County Hall 2954: 2920: 2918:Penghu County Hall 2912: 2750: 2690: 1937:surrender of Japan 1921: 1867:Liaodong Peninsula 1846: 1782:in 1683 after the 1768: 1733:At this time, the 1576:Finds of fine red 1396:had laid siege to 1252:of 90 islands and 1246:Pescadores Islands 1180: 536:Pʻêng-hu Chʻün-tao 464:Pescadores Islands 303: • Total 280: • Total 6578: 6577: 6556:Diaoyutai Islands 6300: 6299: 6276:"Taiwan Combined" 6227: 6226: 5871:978-7-5085-0932-7 5852:978-90-04-06529-1 5833:978-0-313-30712-6 5814:978-0-300-13492-6 5768:978-981-10-2248-7 5741:978-0-521-43260-3 5722:978-0-7656-1495-7 5703:978-0-521-24333-9 5675:978-1-4008-2124-2 5589:978-0-8047-2066-3 5525:978-0-8248-8005-7 5496:978-0-7735-2515-3 5458:978-0-521-29713-4 5139:on 2 October 2015 4902:在澎湖的最佔優勢的閩南話，是同安腔 4820:"氣象站各月份最低氣溫統計(續)" 4756:"氣象站各月份最高氣溫統計(續)" 4674:on 28 August 2010 4561:"New Formosa Bid" 4406:, pp. 80–82. 3958:978-957-638-083-9 3941:Campbell, William 3815:. 30 March 2022. 3446:Xiyu Western Fort 3438:Xiyu Eastern Fort 3260:Political dispute 3222: 3221: 3162: 3097: 2966:Lienchiang County 2883:Taiwanese Hokkien 2874: 2873: 2673: 2672: 2576:relative humidity 1944:Douglas MacArthur 1925:Cairo Declaration 1911:Republic of China 1788:Taiwan Prefecture 1611:governments from 1473:pronunciation is 1335:Republic of China 1311:Jiangzhe Province 1167:Republic of China 1143:Great Qing Empire 1107:Great Ming Empire 1102:Great Yuan Empire 1089: 1088: 1081: 1080: 969:Yale Romanization 892:Standard Mandarin 853: 852: 762:Yale Romanization 685:Standard Mandarin 649: 648: 558:Yale Romanization 522:Pernghwu Chyundao 479:Standard Mandarin 429: 428: 361:www.penghu.gov.tw 311: • Rank 288: • Rank 239: • Body 21:Cholos pescadores 6613: 6379: 6338:outlying islands 6327: 6320: 6313: 6304: 6303: 6290: 6288: 6286: 6280: 6252: 6251: 6239: 6238: 6151: 6118: 6109: 6108: 6099: 6090: 6077: 6023: 5981: 5974: 5967: 5958: 5957: 5945: 5944: 5917: 5902: 5875: 5856: 5837: 5818: 5791: 5772: 5753: 5726: 5707: 5688: 5679: 5660: 5637:Monumenta Serica 5631: 5601: 5574: 5547: 5538: 5529: 5517: 5500: 5481: 5462: 5433: 5432: 5430: 5428: 5408: 5402: 5401: 5399: 5397: 5377: 5371: 5370: 5368: 5366: 5346: 5340: 5339: 5337: 5335: 5315: 5306: 5305: 5303: 5301: 5282: 5273: 5272: 5270: 5268: 5248: 5242: 5241: 5239: 5237: 5217: 5211: 5210: 5208: 5206: 5186: 5180: 5179: 5177: 5175: 5155: 5149: 5148: 5146: 5144: 5124: 5118: 5117: 5115: 5113: 5098: 5092: 5091: 5089: 5087: 5067: 5061: 5056: 5050: 5049: 5047: 5045: 5030: 5024: 5023: 5021: 5019: 5004: 4998: 4997: 4995: 4993: 4969: 4963: 4962: 4961:on 4 March 2016. 4947: 4941: 4940: 4935: 4933: 4918: 4912: 4899: 4893: 4892: 4890: 4888: 4863:(2–3): 185–193. 4848: 4842: 4841: 4839: 4837: 4831: 4824: 4816: 4810: 4809: 4807: 4805: 4799: 4792: 4784: 4778: 4777: 4775: 4773: 4767: 4760: 4752: 4746: 4745: 4743: 4741: 4735: 4728: 4720: 4714: 4713: 4711: 4709: 4690: 4684: 4683: 4681: 4679: 4659: 4653: 4652: 4650: 4648: 4628: 4622: 4621: 4615: 4613: 4598: 4592: 4591: 4585: 4583: 4563: 4552: 4546: 4545: 4530:Washington, D.C. 4518: 4512: 4511: 4491: 4489: 4461: 4452: 4446: 4440: 4439: 4437: 4435: 4413: 4407: 4404:Takekoshi (1907) 4401: 4395: 4389: 4383: 4382: 4380: 4378: 4363: 4357: 4351: 4345: 4339: 4333: 4327: 4321: 4315: 4309: 4303: 4297: 4291: 4285: 4279: 4273: 4267: 4261: 4255: 4249: 4243: 4237: 4224: 4215: 4209: 4203: 4197: 4191: 4185: 4179: 4173: 4167: 4161: 4155: 4149: 4138: 4137: 4135: 4133: 4128:on 30 March 2012 4124:. Archived from 4118: 4109: 4108: 4090: 4044: 4038: 4037: 4035: 4033: 4018: 4012: 4011: 4010:, pp. 91–92 4003: 3997: 3996: 3991: 3989: 3969: 3963: 3962: 3937: 3926: 3920: 3911: 3900: 3891: 3885: 3879: 3876: 3870: 3869: 3863: 3861: 3838: 3832: 3831: 3826: 3824: 3801: 3795: 3794: 3792: 3790: 3781:. 13 July 2017. 3771: 3760: 3754: 3745: 3744: 3731: 3694: 3689: 3688: 3680: 3675: 3674: 3673: 3556:Drug trafficking 3545: 3519: 3434:Qimei Lighthouse 3278:island of Taiwan 3246:Legislative Yuan 3209: 3208: 3189: 3188: 3175: 3174: 3160: 3144: 3143: 3124: 3123: 3119:Seven Beauties ( 3110: 3109: 3095: 3079: 3078: 3052: 3051: 3034: 3033: 2987: 2986: 2870: 2868: 2866: 2766: 2761: 2753: 2749: 2530: 2051: 2050: 2007:On 25 May 2002, 1975:Treaty of Taipei 1905:Penghu air raids 1784:Battle of Penghu 1691: 1628: 1617: 1614: 1572: 1569: 1534: 1533: 1530: 1529: 1526: 1521: 1520: 1517: 1514: 1511: 1508: 1505: 1502: 1499: 1496: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1478: 1414: 1321:(1622–1624) and 1273: 1262:island of Taiwan 1226: 1222: 1217: 1216: 1213: 1212: 1209: 1206: 1203: 1200: 1197: 1194: 1165: 1164: 1163: 1153: 1152: 1151: 1141: 1140: 1139: 1129: 1128: 1127: 1117: 1116: 1115: 1077: 1076: 1058: 1057: 1029: 1028: 1008: 1007: 1006: 991: 990: 977: 976: 963: 962: 949: 948: 935: 934: 921: 920: 907: 906: 883: 882: 877: 876: 849: 848: 830: 829: 801: 800: 799: 784: 783: 770: 769: 756: 755: 742: 741: 728: 727: 714: 713: 700: 699: 676: 675: 670: 669: 645: 644: 638:Phînn-ôo-kûn-tó 626: 625: 597: 596: 595: 580: 579: 566: 565: 552: 551: 538: 537: 524: 523: 510: 509: 494: 493: 470: 469: 454: 453: 431: 430: 419:Ficus microcarpa 363: 187: 185: 184: 170: 169: 167: 166: 165: 160: 156: 153: 152: 151: 148: 135: 116: 106: 89:, Baisha Beach, 83: 56: 55: 54: 43: 42: 6621: 6620: 6616: 6615: 6614: 6612: 6611: 6610: 6581: 6580: 6579: 6574: 6571:Senkaku Islands 6559: 6536: 6513: 6499: 6456: 6423: 6380: 6371: 6362:Dongsha Islands 6344: 6331: 6301: 6296: 6295: 6284: 6282: 6278: 6270: 6259: 6249: 6241: 6240: 6236: 6232: 6223: 6149: 6140: 6116: 6105: 6095: 6086: 6079: 6071: 6062: 6021: 6013: 5990: 5985: 5942: 5915: 5909: 5878: 5872: 5859: 5853: 5840: 5834: 5821: 5815: 5802: 5799: 5797:Further reading 5794: 5769: 5742: 5723: 5704: 5676: 5590: 5526: 5497: 5478: 5459: 5442: 5437: 5436: 5426: 5424: 5409: 5405: 5395: 5393: 5378: 5374: 5364: 5362: 5347: 5343: 5333: 5331: 5316: 5309: 5299: 5297: 5284: 5283: 5276: 5266: 5264: 5249: 5245: 5235: 5233: 5218: 5214: 5204: 5202: 5187: 5183: 5173: 5171: 5156: 5152: 5142: 5140: 5125: 5121: 5111: 5109: 5100: 5099: 5095: 5085: 5083: 5082:on 16 June 2017 5068: 5064: 5057: 5053: 5043: 5041: 5032: 5031: 5027: 5017: 5015: 5006: 5005: 5001: 4991: 4989: 4970: 4966: 4949: 4948: 4944: 4931: 4929: 4920: 4919: 4915: 4909:Wayback Machine 4900: 4896: 4886: 4884: 4849: 4845: 4835: 4833: 4829: 4822: 4818: 4817: 4813: 4803: 4801: 4797: 4790: 4786: 4785: 4781: 4771: 4769: 4765: 4758: 4754: 4753: 4749: 4739: 4737: 4733: 4726: 4722: 4721: 4717: 4707: 4705: 4692: 4691: 4687: 4677: 4675: 4660: 4656: 4646: 4644: 4629: 4625: 4611: 4609: 4600: 4599: 4595: 4581: 4579: 4553: 4549: 4519: 4515: 4503: 4487: 4485: 4478: 4462: 4455: 4447: 4443: 4433: 4431: 4414: 4410: 4402: 4398: 4390: 4386: 4376: 4374: 4365: 4364: 4360: 4352: 4348: 4340: 4336: 4328: 4324: 4316: 4312: 4304: 4300: 4294:Shepherd (1993) 4292: 4288: 4280: 4276: 4268: 4264: 4256: 4252: 4244: 4240: 4234:Wayback Machine 4225: 4218: 4210: 4206: 4200:Thompson (1964) 4198: 4194: 4186: 4182: 4174: 4170: 4162: 4158: 4150: 4141: 4131: 4129: 4120: 4119: 4112: 4045: 4041: 4031: 4029: 4028:(in Portuguese) 4020: 4019: 4015: 4004: 4000: 3987: 3985: 3970: 3966: 3959: 3938: 3929: 3921: 3914: 3901: 3894: 3886: 3882: 3877: 3873: 3859: 3857: 3840: 3839: 3835: 3822: 3820: 3803: 3802: 3798: 3788: 3786: 3773: 3772: 3763: 3755: 3748: 3733: 3732: 3728: 3723: 3718: 3690: 3683: 3676: 3671: 3669: 3666: 3636:The county has 3634: 3606: 3591: 3579:methamphetamine 3558: 3551: 3546: 3537: 3520: 3403: 3384:Baisha Township 3369:electrical grid 3367:to connect the 3339: 3313: 3290: 3270:Taiwan Province 3262: 3242: 3200: 3166: 3135: 3101: 3070: 3060: 3025: 2970:urban townships 2962:rural townships 2946: 2940: 2901: 2895: 2879: 2864: 2862: 2849: 2748: 2732: 2727: 2722: 2679: 2674: 2528: 2521: 2516: 2511: 2506: 2501: 2496: 2491: 2486: 2481: 2476: 2471: 2466: 2461: 2447: 2442: 2437: 2432: 2427: 2422: 2417: 2412: 2407: 2402: 2397: 2392: 2387: 2377: 2372: 2367: 2362: 2357: 2352: 2347: 2342: 2337: 2332: 2327: 2322: 2317: 2307: 2302: 2297: 2292: 2287: 2282: 2277: 2272: 2267: 2262: 2257: 2252: 2247: 2237: 2232: 2227: 2222: 2217: 2212: 2207: 2202: 2197: 2192: 2187: 2182: 2177: 2167: 2162: 2157: 2152: 2147: 2142: 2137: 2132: 2127: 2122: 2117: 2112: 2107: 2029: 1992:Sheng v. Rogers 1960:Chiang Kai-shek 1913: 1882:Hōko Prefecture 1842:Hōko Prefecture 1835: 1833:Hōko Prefecture 1829: 1827:Empire of Japan 1799:Sino-French War 1792:Fujian Province 1760: 1747:Battle of Macau 1704: 1698: 1692: 1687: 1681: 1645: 1622: 1615: 1594: 1570: 1546: 1541: 1523: 1484: 1480: 1408: 1402:Fujian Province 1382: 1370:columnar basalt 1362:Wang-an Airport 1327:Japanese Empire 1299:Jinjiang County 1269: 1240: or 1224: 1220: 1191: 1187: 1172: 1169:(1945–present) 1161: 1159: 1158: 1155:Empire of Japan 1149: 1147: 1146: 1137: 1135: 1134: 1125: 1123: 1122: 1113: 1111: 1110: 1105: 1100: 1093: 1074: 1055: 955:Tongyong Pinyin 933:Pernghwu Shiann 927:Gwoyeu Romatzyh 846: 827: 748:Tongyong Pinyin 720:Gwoyeu Romatzyh 643:Phênn-ôo-kûn-tó 642: 623: 619:Phîⁿ-ô͘-kûn-tó 578:Pénghú Chiúndǎu 564:Pénghú Chyúndǎu 544:Tongyong Pinyin 516:Gwoyeu Romatzyh 507: 359: 255: 201:Taiwan Province 182: 180: 163: 161: 157: 154: 149: 146: 144: 142: 141: 122: 121: 120: 119: 110: 109: 94: 69: 60: 57: 50: 48: 41: 36: 33:Pescador Island 17: 12: 11: 5: 6619: 6609: 6608: 6603: 6598: 6596:Penghu Islands 6593: 6576: 6575: 6564: 6561: 6560: 6552:Guishan Island 6546: 6544: 6538: 6537: 6535: 6534: 6529: 6523: 6521: 6515: 6514: 6509: 6507: 6501: 6500: 6498: 6497: 6492: 6487: 6482: 6477: 6472: 6466: 6464: 6458: 6457: 6455: 6454: 6449: 6444: 6439: 6433: 6431: 6425: 6424: 6422: 6421: 6416: 6411: 6406: 6401: 6396: 6390: 6388: 6382: 6381: 6374: 6372: 6370: 6369: 6366:Taiping Island 6354: 6352: 6346: 6345: 6330: 6329: 6322: 6315: 6307: 6298: 6297: 6294: 6293: 6292: 6291: 6265: 6264: 6261: 6260: 6255: 6253: 6250:under counties 6229: 6228: 6225: 6224: 6222: 6221: 6216: 6211: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6155: 6153: 6142: 6141: 6139: 6138: 6133: 6128: 6122: 6120: 6106: 6104: 6103: 6102: 6101: 6092: 6080: 6064: 6063: 6061: 6060: 6055: 6050: 6045: 6040: 6035: 6034:(Capital city) 6026: 6024: 6015: 6014: 6012: 6011: 6006: 6001: 5995: 5992: 5991: 5984: 5983: 5976: 5969: 5961: 5955: 5954: 5939: 5933: 5923: 5918: 5908: 5907:External links 5905: 5904: 5903: 5876: 5870: 5857: 5851: 5838: 5832: 5819: 5813: 5798: 5795: 5793: 5792: 5773: 5767: 5754: 5740: 5727: 5721: 5708: 5702: 5689: 5680: 5674: 5661: 5632: 5602: 5588: 5575: 5548: 5539: 5530: 5524: 5501: 5495: 5482: 5476: 5463: 5457: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5435: 5434: 5403: 5372: 5341: 5307: 5274: 5243: 5212: 5201:on 30 May 2016 5181: 5150: 5119: 5108:on 17 May 2014 5093: 5062: 5051: 5025: 4999: 4964: 4942: 4913: 4894: 4843: 4811: 4788:"氣象站各月份最低氣溫統計" 4779: 4747: 4724:"氣象站各月份最高氣溫統計" 4715: 4694:"Monthly Mean" 4685: 4654: 4623: 4593: 4567:New York Times 4547: 4513: 4476: 4453: 4451:, p. 173. 4441: 4423:New York Times 4408: 4396: 4384: 4358: 4346: 4344:, p. 369. 4334: 4322: 4320:, p. 817. 4310: 4298: 4286: 4282:Thomson (1996) 4274: 4272:, p. 132. 4270:Freeman (2003) 4262: 4260:, p. 658. 4250: 4238: 4216: 4204: 4192: 4190:, p. 164. 4180: 4168: 4156: 4139: 4110: 4039: 4013: 3998: 3964: 3957: 3927: 3912: 3892: 3890:, p. 168. 3880: 3871: 3833: 3796: 3761: 3746: 3725: 3724: 3722: 3719: 3717: 3714: 3713: 3712: 3707: 3702: 3696: 3695: 3692:Islands portal 3681: 3665: 3662: 3633: 3630: 3622:Cimei Township 3610:Penghu Airport 3605: 3602: 3590: 3587: 3557: 3554: 3553: 3552: 3547: 3540: 3538: 3532:City, Penghu, 3521: 3514: 3493:Mainland China 3426:Four-eyed Well 3422:Tianhou Temple 3418:Erdai Art Hall 3414:Central Street 3402: 3399: 3376:Executive Yuan 3365:Executive Yuan 3338: 3335: 3312: 3309: 3289: 3286: 3261: 3258: 3241: 3238: 3220: 3219: 3216: 3213: 3210: 3198: 3192: 3191: 3182: 3179: 3176: 3164: 3155: 3154: 3151: 3148: 3145: 3133: 3127: 3126: 3117: 3114: 3111: 3099: 3090: 3089: 3086: 3083: 3080: 3068: 3063: 3055: 3054: 3041: 3038: 3035: 3023: 3017: 3011: 3010: 3007: 3002: 2997: 2994: 2991: 2942:Main article: 2939: 2936: 2897:Main article: 2894: 2891: 2878: 2875: 2872: 2871: 2845: 2844: 2841: 2838: 2834: 2833: 2830: 2827: 2823: 2822: 2819: 2816: 2812: 2811: 2808: 2805: 2801: 2800: 2797: 2794: 2790: 2789: 2786: 2783: 2779: 2778: 2775: 2772: 2768: 2767: 2762: 2757: 2747: 2744: 2731: 2728: 2726: 2723: 2698:shield volcano 2678: 2675: 2671: 2670: 2666: 2665: 2662: 2659: 2656: 2653: 2650: 2647: 2644: 2641: 2638: 2635: 2632: 2629: 2626: 2624:sunshine hours 2619: 2618: 2615: 2612: 2609: 2606: 2603: 2600: 2597: 2594: 2591: 2588: 2585: 2582: 2579: 2571: 2570: 2567: 2564: 2561: 2558: 2555: 2552: 2549: 2546: 2543: 2540: 2537: 2534: 2531: 2524: 2523: 2518: 2513: 2508: 2503: 2498: 2493: 2488: 2483: 2478: 2473: 2468: 2463: 2458: 2450: 2449: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2429: 2424: 2419: 2414: 2409: 2404: 2399: 2394: 2389: 2384: 2380: 2379: 2374: 2369: 2364: 2359: 2354: 2349: 2344: 2339: 2334: 2329: 2324: 2319: 2314: 2310: 2309: 2304: 2299: 2294: 2289: 2284: 2279: 2274: 2269: 2264: 2259: 2254: 2249: 2244: 2240: 2239: 2234: 2229: 2224: 2219: 2214: 2209: 2204: 2199: 2194: 2189: 2184: 2179: 2174: 2170: 2169: 2164: 2159: 2154: 2149: 2144: 2139: 2134: 2129: 2124: 2119: 2114: 2109: 2104: 2100: 2099: 2096: 2093: 2090: 2087: 2084: 2081: 2078: 2075: 2072: 2069: 2066: 2063: 2060: 2056: 2055: 2049: 2028: 2025: 2013:Boeing 747-200 1935:Following the 1912: 1909: 1831:Main article: 1828: 1825: 1807:Amédée Courbet 1759: 1756: 1752:Fort Zeelandia 1697: 1694: 1685: 1644: 1641: 1599:from southern 1593: 1590: 1565:Penghu Channel 1545: 1542: 1540: 1537: 1381: 1378: 1354:Penghu Airport 1266:Penghu Channel 1091: 1090: 1087: 1086: 1083: 1082: 1079: 1078: 1070:Phînn-ôo-kuān 1066: 1060: 1059: 1047: 1038: 1037: 1031: 1030: 1023: 1017: 1016: 1010: 1009: 999: 993: 992: 985: 979: 978: 971: 965: 964: 957: 951: 950: 947:Pʻêng-hu Hsien 943: 937: 936: 929: 923: 922: 915: 909: 908: 901: 895: 894: 888: 887: 886:Transcriptions 879: 878: 866: 860: 859: 855: 854: 851: 850: 838: 832: 831: 819: 810: 809: 803: 802: 792: 786: 785: 778: 772: 771: 764: 758: 757: 750: 744: 743: 736: 730: 729: 722: 716: 715: 708: 702: 701: 694: 688: 687: 681: 680: 679:Transcriptions 672: 671: 662: 656: 655: 651: 650: 647: 646: 634: 628: 627: 624:Phêⁿ-ô͘-kûn-tó 615: 606: 605: 599: 598: 588: 582: 581: 574: 568: 567: 560: 554: 553: 550:Pénghú Cyúndǎo 546: 540: 539: 532: 526: 525: 518: 512: 511: 502: 496: 495: 488: 482: 481: 475: 474: 473:Transcriptions 466: 465: 462: 456: 455: 446: 440: 439: 436: 435: 434:Penghu Islands 427: 426: 423: 422: 415:Chinese Banyan 412: 408: 407: 397: 393: 392: 389:Alauda gulgula 382: 378: 377: 374: 373: 369: 368: 365: 364: 357: 353: 352: 349: 343: 342: 332: 326: 325: 322: 318: 317: 312: 308: 307: 304: 300: 299: 295: 294: 289: 285: 284: 281: 277: 276: 272: 271: 261: 257: 256: 254: 253: 248: 242: 240: 236: 235: 231: 230: 227: 223: 222: 219: 215: 214: 209: 205: 204: 198: 192: 191: 178: 172: 171: 137: 136: 128: 127: 124: 123: 117: 111: 107: 101: 100: 99: 96: 95: 93:, Budai Harbor 84: 76: 75: 71: 70: 65: 62: 61: 58: 49: 47:Penghu Islands 46: 39: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6618: 6607: 6604: 6602: 6599: 6597: 6594: 6592: 6591:Penghu County 6589: 6588: 6586: 6572: 6568: 6562: 6557: 6553: 6549: 6545: 6543: 6539: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6527:Orchid Island 6525: 6524: 6522: 6520: 6516: 6512: 6511:Liuqiu Island 6508: 6506: 6502: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6476: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6467: 6465: 6463: 6459: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6434: 6432: 6430: 6426: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6412: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6391: 6389: 6387: 6383: 6378: 6367: 6363: 6359: 6356: 6355: 6353: 6351: 6347: 6343: 6339: 6335: 6328: 6323: 6321: 6316: 6314: 6309: 6308: 6305: 6277: 6272: 6271: 6267: 6266: 6262: 6258: 6254: 6248: 6244: 6235: 6230: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6212: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6156: 6154: 6152: 6148: 6143: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6127: 6124: 6123: 6121: 6119: 6115: 6110: 6107: 6100: 6098: 6093: 6091: 6089: 6084: 6083: 6082: 6081: 6075: 6070: 6065: 6059: 6056: 6054: 6051: 6049: 6046: 6044: 6041: 6039: 6036: 6033: 6032: 6028: 6027: 6025: 6020: 6016: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5997: 5996: 5993: 5989: 5982: 5977: 5975: 5970: 5968: 5963: 5962: 5959: 5953: 5952:OpenStreetMap 5949: 5940: 5937: 5936:Living Museum 5934: 5931: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5914: 5911: 5910: 5900: 5896: 5892: 5888: 5884: 5883: 5877: 5873: 5867: 5863: 5858: 5854: 5848: 5844: 5839: 5835: 5829: 5825: 5820: 5816: 5810: 5806: 5801: 5800: 5789: 5785: 5781: 5780: 5774: 5770: 5764: 5760: 5755: 5751: 5747: 5743: 5737: 5733: 5728: 5724: 5718: 5714: 5709: 5705: 5699: 5695: 5690: 5686: 5681: 5677: 5671: 5667: 5662: 5658: 5654: 5650: 5646: 5642: 5638: 5633: 5629: 5625: 5621: 5617: 5613: 5612: 5607: 5603: 5599: 5595: 5591: 5585: 5581: 5576: 5572: 5568: 5564: 5560: 5556: 5555: 5549: 5545: 5540: 5536: 5531: 5527: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5507: 5502: 5498: 5492: 5488: 5483: 5479: 5473: 5469: 5464: 5460: 5454: 5450: 5445: 5444: 5422: 5418: 5414: 5407: 5391: 5387: 5383: 5376: 5360: 5356: 5352: 5345: 5329: 5325: 5321: 5314: 5312: 5295: 5291: 5287: 5281: 5279: 5262: 5258: 5254: 5247: 5232:on 9 May 2015 5231: 5227: 5223: 5216: 5200: 5196: 5192: 5185: 5169: 5165: 5161: 5154: 5138: 5134: 5130: 5123: 5107: 5103: 5097: 5081: 5077: 5073: 5066: 5060: 5055: 5039: 5035: 5029: 5013: 5009: 5003: 4987: 4983: 4979: 4975: 4968: 4960: 4956: 4952: 4946: 4939: 4927: 4923: 4917: 4910: 4906: 4903: 4898: 4882: 4878: 4874: 4870: 4866: 4862: 4858: 4854: 4847: 4828: 4821: 4815: 4796: 4789: 4783: 4764: 4757: 4751: 4732: 4725: 4719: 4703: 4699: 4695: 4689: 4673: 4669: 4665: 4658: 4642: 4638: 4634: 4627: 4620: 4607: 4603: 4597: 4590: 4577: 4573: 4572:New York City 4569: 4568: 4562: 4557: 4551: 4544: 4539: 4535: 4531: 4527: 4523: 4517: 4510: 4508: 4507:terra nullius 4501: 4497: 4483: 4479: 4477:90-411-0929-3 4473: 4469: 4468: 4460: 4458: 4450: 4445: 4429: 4426:. p. 1. 4425: 4424: 4419: 4412: 4405: 4400: 4393: 4388: 4372: 4368: 4362: 4356:, p. 70. 4355: 4350: 4343: 4338: 4331: 4326: 4319: 4318:Wright (1908) 4314: 4308:, p. 70. 4307: 4306:Covell (1998) 4302: 4296:, p. 49. 4295: 4290: 4284:, p. 39. 4283: 4278: 4271: 4266: 4259: 4258:Cooper (1979) 4254: 4248:, p. 82. 4247: 4242: 4235: 4231: 4228: 4223: 4221: 4213: 4208: 4201: 4196: 4189: 4188:Thompson 1964 4184: 4177: 4172: 4165: 4160: 4154:, p. 86. 4153: 4148: 4146: 4144: 4127: 4123: 4117: 4115: 4107: 4105: 4098: 4094: 4089: 4084: 4080: 4076: 4072: 4068: 4064: 4060: 4059: 4054: 4052: 4043: 4027: 4023: 4017: 4009: 4002: 3995: 3983: 3979: 3975: 3968: 3960: 3954: 3950: 3946: 3942: 3936: 3934: 3932: 3924: 3919: 3917: 3909: 3908:957-15-0631-1 3905: 3899: 3897: 3889: 3884: 3875: 3868: 3867:jurisdiction. 3855: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3837: 3830: 3818: 3814: 3810: 3806: 3800: 3784: 3780: 3776: 3770: 3768: 3766: 3758: 3753: 3751: 3742: 3741: 3736: 3730: 3726: 3711: 3708: 3706: 3703: 3701: 3698: 3697: 3693: 3687: 3682: 3679: 3678:Taiwan portal 3668: 3661: 3659: 3655: 3651: 3647: 3643: 3639: 3638:Magong Harbor 3629: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3618:Qimei Airport 3615: 3611: 3599: 3598:Qimei Airport 3595: 3586: 3582: 3580: 3575: 3570: 3568: 3562: 3550: 3544: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3526: 3518: 3513: 3512: 3511: 3508: 3506: 3505:Matsu Islands 3502: 3498: 3494: 3489: 3487: 3483: 3479: 3475: 3474:Little Taiwan 3471: 3467: 3463: 3459: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3443: 3439: 3435: 3431: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3415: 3410: 3408: 3398: 3396: 3392: 3387: 3385: 3381: 3380:Huxi Township 3377: 3372: 3370: 3366: 3362: 3358: 3354: 3347: 3343: 3334: 3332: 3328: 3321: 3317: 3308: 3306: 3302: 3297: 3295: 3285: 3283: 3279: 3275: 3271: 3267: 3257: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3237: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3226:Baisha Island 3218:Western Isle 3217: 3214: 3211: 3207: 3204: 3199: 3197: 3194: 3193: 3183: 3180: 3177: 3173: 3170: 3165: 3163: 3157: 3156: 3152: 3149: 3146: 3142: 3139: 3134: 3132: 3129: 3128: 3118: 3115: 3112: 3108: 3105: 3100: 3098: 3092: 3091: 3087: 3084: 3081: 3077: 3074: 3069: 3067: 3064: 3062: 3056: 3046: 3042: 3039: 3036: 3032: 3029: 3024: 3021: 3018: 3016: 3012: 3008: 3006: 3003: 3001: 2998: 2995: 2992: 2989: 2988: 2985: 2983: 2979: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2959: 2950: 2945: 2935: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2916: 2909: 2905: 2900: 2890: 2888: 2884: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2846: 2842: 2839: 2836: 2835: 2831: 2828: 2825: 2824: 2820: 2817: 2814: 2813: 2809: 2806: 2803: 2802: 2798: 2795: 2792: 2791: 2787: 2784: 2781: 2780: 2776: 2773: 2770: 2769: 2763: 2758: 2755: 2754: 2743: 2741: 2737: 2721: 2720:Chuton Island 2716: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2687: 2683: 2667: 2663: 2660: 2657: 2654: 2651: 2648: 2645: 2642: 2639: 2636: 2633: 2630: 2627: 2625: 2622:Mean monthly 2620: 2616: 2613: 2610: 2607: 2604: 2601: 2598: 2595: 2592: 2589: 2586: 2583: 2580: 2577: 2572: 2568: 2565: 2562: 2559: 2556: 2553: 2550: 2547: 2544: 2541: 2538: 2535: 2532: 2525: 2519: 2514: 2509: 2504: 2499: 2494: 2489: 2484: 2479: 2474: 2469: 2464: 2459: 2456: 2455:precipitation 2451: 2445: 2440: 2435: 2430: 2425: 2420: 2415: 2410: 2405: 2400: 2395: 2390: 2385: 2381: 2375: 2370: 2365: 2360: 2355: 2350: 2345: 2340: 2335: 2330: 2325: 2320: 2315: 2311: 2305: 2300: 2295: 2290: 2285: 2280: 2275: 2270: 2265: 2260: 2255: 2250: 2245: 2241: 2235: 2230: 2225: 2220: 2215: 2210: 2205: 2200: 2195: 2190: 2185: 2180: 2175: 2171: 2165: 2160: 2155: 2150: 2145: 2140: 2135: 2130: 2125: 2120: 2115: 2110: 2105: 2101: 2057: 2052: 2048: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2024: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2010: 2005: 2003: 1999: 1997: 1993: 1987: 1985: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1969: 1965: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1952:Allied Powers 1949: 1945: 1942: 1938: 1933: 1931: 1926: 1917: 1908: 1906: 1901: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1878: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1863: 1859: 1856:and occupied 1855: 1851: 1843: 1839: 1834: 1824: 1822: 1818: 1817: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1795: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1764: 1755: 1753: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1731: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1703: 1690: 1684: 1676: 1674: 1673: 1668: 1664: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1653:Emperor Shizu 1650: 1640: 1638: 1637: 1633:In 1225, the 1631: 1626: 1621: 1610: 1606: 1605:Southern Song 1602: 1598: 1589: 1587: 1586:Austronesians 1583: 1579: 1574: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1536: 1532: 1477: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1459: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1436: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1412: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1377: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1358:Qimei Airport 1355: 1350: 1348: 1347:United States 1344: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1287: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1272: 1271:Penghu County 1267: 1263: 1259: 1258:Taiwan Strait 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1235: 1232: 1228: 1227: 1215: 1185: 1176: 1170: 1168: 1156: 1144: 1132: 1120: 1108: 1103: 1098: 1084: 1075:Phênn-ôo-kuān 1073: 1067: 1065: 1061: 1054: 1051:Phîⁿ-ô͘-koān 1048: 1046: 1043: 1039: 1036: 1032: 1024: 1022: 1018: 1015: 1011: 1005: 1000: 998: 994: 986: 984: 980: 972: 970: 966: 958: 956: 952: 944: 942: 938: 930: 928: 924: 916: 914: 910: 902: 900: 896: 893: 889: 884: 880: 875: 872: 867: 865: 861: 858:Penghu County 856: 845: 839: 837: 833: 826: 820: 818: 815: 811: 808: 804: 798: 793: 791: 787: 779: 777: 773: 765: 763: 759: 751: 749: 745: 737: 735: 731: 723: 721: 717: 709: 707: 703: 695: 693: 689: 686: 682: 677: 673: 668: 663: 661: 657: 654:Penghu Island 652: 641: 635: 633: 629: 622: 616: 614: 611: 607: 604: 600: 594: 589: 587: 583: 575: 573: 569: 561: 559: 555: 547: 545: 541: 533: 531: 527: 519: 517: 513: 503: 501: 497: 492:Pénghú Qúndǎo 489: 487: 483: 480: 476: 471: 467: 463: 461: 457: 452: 447: 445: 441: 437: 432: 424: 420: 416: 413: 409: 405: 401: 398: 394: 390: 386: 385:Small Skylark 383: 379: 375: 370: 366: 362: 358: 354: 350: 348: 347:ISO 3166 code 344: 340: 336: 333: 331: 327: 323: 319: 316: 313: 309: 305: 301: 296: 293: 290: 286: 282: 278: 273: 269: 265: 264:Chen Kuang-fu 262: 258: 252: 249: 247: 244: 243: 241: 237: 232: 228: 224: 220: 216: 213: 210: 206: 203:(streamlined) 202: 199: 197: 193: 190: 179: 177: 173: 168: 140:Coordinates: 138: 134: 129: 125: 115: 105: 97: 92: 88: 82: 77: 74:Penghu County 72: 68: 63: 44: 38: 34: 30: 26: 22: 6532:Green Island 6461: 6283:. Retrieved 6208: 6145: 6112: 6094: 6085: 6029: 5916:(in English) 5881: 5861: 5842: 5823: 5804: 5778: 5758: 5731: 5712: 5693: 5684: 5665: 5640: 5636: 5610: 5579: 5553: 5543: 5534: 5505: 5486: 5467: 5448: 5425:. Retrieved 5416: 5406: 5394:. Retrieved 5390:the original 5385: 5375: 5363:. Retrieved 5359:the original 5354: 5344: 5332:. Retrieved 5328:the original 5323: 5298:. Retrieved 5290:Taipei Times 5289: 5265:. Retrieved 5257:Taipei Times 5256: 5246: 5234:. Retrieved 5230:the original 5225: 5215: 5203:. Retrieved 5199:the original 5194: 5184: 5172:. Retrieved 5168:the original 5163: 5153: 5141:. Retrieved 5137:the original 5132: 5122: 5110:. Retrieved 5106:the original 5096: 5084:. Retrieved 5080:the original 5075: 5065: 5054: 5042:. Retrieved 5028: 5016:. Retrieved 5002: 4990:. Retrieved 4967: 4959:the original 4954: 4945: 4937: 4930:. Retrieved 4916: 4897: 4885:. Retrieved 4860: 4856: 4846: 4834:. Retrieved 4814: 4802:. Retrieved 4782: 4770:. Retrieved 4750: 4738:. Retrieved 4718: 4706:. Retrieved 4688: 4676:. Retrieved 4672:the original 4667: 4657: 4645:. Retrieved 4636: 4626: 4617: 4610:. Retrieved 4596: 4587: 4580:. Retrieved 4565: 4556:James Reston 4550: 4541: 4525: 4516: 4506: 4499: 4495: 4493: 4486:. Retrieved 4466: 4444: 4432:. Retrieved 4421: 4411: 4399: 4387: 4375:. Retrieved 4361: 4354:Wills (2010) 4349: 4342:Wills (1998) 4337: 4330:Wills (1998) 4325: 4313: 4301: 4289: 4277: 4265: 4253: 4241: 4207: 4195: 4183: 4178:, p. 6. 4171: 4159: 4152:Wills (2006) 4130:. Retrieved 4126:the original 4103: 4100: 4062: 4056: 4053:from Taiwan" 4050: 4042: 4030:. Retrieved 4025: 4022:"Pescadores" 4016: 4007: 4001: 3993: 3986:, retrieved 3982:the original 3978:《續修澎湖縣志‧地理志》 3977: 3967: 3948: 3925:, p. 6. 3883: 3874: 3865: 3858:. Retrieved 3845: 3836: 3828: 3821:. Retrieved 3808: 3799: 3787:. Retrieved 3738: 3729: 3635: 3607: 3583: 3571: 3563: 3559: 3524: 3509: 3490: 3470:Fenggui Cave 3411: 3404: 3391:desalination 3388: 3382:and five in 3373: 3350: 3324: 3298: 3291: 3263: 3243: 3223: 2955: 2928:Lai Feng-wei 2921: 2908:Lai Feng-wei 2880: 2863:. Retrieved 2859:the original 2733: 2725:Demographics 2691: 2457:mm (inches) 2030: 2006: 2000: 1991: 1988: 1983: 1972: 1964:Rikichi Andō 1934: 1922: 1902: 1890:World War II 1879: 1847: 1814: 1796: 1780:Qing dynasty 1769: 1758:Qing dynasty 1732: 1727: 1712:maritime ban 1705: 1696:Ming dynasty 1678: 1672:Daoyi Zhilüe 1670: 1665: 1656: 1649:Yuan dynasty 1646: 1643:Yuan dynasty 1634: 1632: 1595: 1592:Song dynasty 1575: 1547: 1466: 1460: 1455: 1447: 1439: 1437: 1432: 1429:Southern Min 1406:poet Lou Yue 1390:Song dynasty 1386:Tang dynasty 1383: 1351: 1331:World War II 1319:Dutch Empire 1315:Yuan dynasty 1291:Tang dynasty 1288: 1270: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1183: 1181: 1119:Dutch Empire 1097:Song dynasty 1095: 1071: 1056:Phêⁿ-ô͘-koān 1052: 1035:Southern Min 1027:Phàng-fù-yen 989:Pénghú Shiàn 899:Hanyu Pinyin 843: 842:Phînn-ôo-tó 824: 807:Southern Min 740:Pʻêng-hu Tao 726:Pernghwu Dao 692:Hanyu Pinyin 639: 620: 603:Southern Min 486:Hanyu Pinyin 418: 403: 388: 218:Largest city 37: 6569:, (called 6072: [ 5643:: 163–204. 5515:10125/62865 5440:Works cited 5417:Taiwan News 5396:27 November 5365:27 November 5334:27 November 4887:7 September 4836:29 November 4804:29 November 4772:29 November 4740:29 November 4708:29 November 4647:11 February 4392:Loir (1886) 4377:2 September 4246:Wong (2017) 4132:22 December 4032:7 September 3988:11 February 3860:14 December 3823:14 December 3614:Magong City 3395:groundwater 3355:, a 140 MW 3301:sea urchins 3184:Hope Safe ( 3088:White Sand 3043:Originally 2974:Magong City 2730:Ethnicities 2705:interbedded 2002:Boat people 1754:on Taiwan. 1720:Mazu Temple 1689:Wang Dayuan 1667:Wang Dayuan 1623: [ 1616: 1170 1597:Han Chinese 1571: 2008 1553:Pleistocene 1409: [ 1404:. In 1171, 1372:landscape. 1313:during the 1264:across the 1250:archipelago 1157:(1895–1945) 1145:(1683–1895) 1133:(1661–1683) 1121:(1622–1624) 1104:(1281–1368) 1099:(1170–1279) 1021:Pha̍k-fa-sṳ 975:Pénghú Syàn 961:Pénghú Siàn 905:Pénghú Xiàn 847:Phênn-ôo-tó 823:Phîⁿ-ô͘-tó 212:Magong City 162: / 150:119°34′39″E 6585:Categories 6429:Lienchiang 6219:Lienchiang 6053:New Taipei 5174:7 November 4922:"Precinct" 4678:25 October 4536:. p. 4212:Knapp 1980 4176:Hsu (1980) 3974:"宋代對澎湖的認識" 3923:Knapp 1980 3846:ait.org.tw 3809:ait.org.tw 3789:24 January 3716:References 3525:Matsushima 3478:Whale Cave 3153:Lake West 2932:Kuomintang 2893:Government 2746:Population 2529:(≥ 0.1 mm) 1728:Pescadores 1722:that gave 1620:Wang Dayou 1580:at Guoye, 1544:Prehistory 1463:Portuguese 1421:Zhao Rukuo 1309:County of 941:Wade–Giles 828:Phêⁿ-ô͘-tó 782:Pénghú Dǎu 768:Pénghú Dǎu 754:Pénghú Dǎo 734:Wade–Giles 698:Pénghú Dǎo 530:Wade–Giles 298:Population 234:Government 147:23°34′03″N 59:Pescadores 6350:Kaohsiung 6247:townships 6234:Districts 6069:Provinces 6058:Kaohsiung 5788:13518413M 5750:24524224M 5236:2 January 5143:2 October 4982:2381-3652 4612:5 October 4488:5 October 4449:Tsai 2009 3721:Citations 3646:Kaohsiung 3626:Daily Air 3589:Transport 3574:ephedrine 3311:Education 3248:. In the 3061:townships 3000:Taiwanese 2960:and five 2709:sandstone 2021:Hong Kong 1888:. During 1561:Denisovan 1450:from the 400:Firewheel 330:Time zone 6548:Toucheng 6505:Pingtung 6394:Jincheng 6194:Pingtung 6174:Changhua 6147:Counties 6043:Taichung 5899:6603922M 5891:17030891 5657:40726116 5628:6986981M 5608:(1907). 5598:25025794 5571:23421595 5563:03013530 5427:25 April 5421:Archived 5300:25 April 5294:Archived 5267:25 April 5261:Archived 5044:25 April 5038:Archived 5018:25 April 5012:Archived 4986:Archived 4926:Archived 4905:Archived 4881:Archived 4827:Archived 4795:Archived 4763:Archived 4731:Archived 4702:Archived 4641:Archived 4606:Archived 4604:. 1960. 4582:12 March 4576:Archived 4482:Archived 4434:14 April 4428:Archived 4371:Archived 4230:Archived 4164:Liu 2012 4097:25625212 4065:: 6037. 3943:(1903). 3888:Liu 2012 3854:Archived 3852:. 1954. 3817:Archived 3783:Archived 3757:Liu 2012 3735:"Penghu" 3664:See also 3503:and the 3361:Taipower 3305:diameter 3240:Politics 3178:Bāng-oaⁿ 3116:Tshit-mî 3113:Chhit-bí 3085:Pha̍k-sâ 3082:Pe̍h-soa 3047:Temple ( 2877:Language 2848:Source: 2713:mudstone 2686:Columnar 2664:2,019.2 2574:Average 2522:(40.59) 2453:Average 2047:: Cfa). 1877:in May. 1686:— 1675:(1349). 1549:Penghu 1 1425:Jinjiang 1417:Quanzhou 1394:Quanzhou 913:Bopomofo 706:Bopomofo 500:Bopomofo 315:21 of 22 292:22 of 22 226:Boroughs 196:Province 29:Pescador 6519:Taitung 6452:Juguang 6447:Dongyin 6409:Jinning 6204:Hualien 6199:Taitung 6159:Hsinchu 6131:Hsinchu 6126:Keelung 6088:Fuchien 6038:Taoyuan 4992:19 July 4865:Bibcode 4668:CNN.com 4496:de jure 4088:4316746 4067:Bibcode 3567:Cagayan 3401:Tourism 3288:Economy 3181:Mong-ôn 3159:Wangan 3096:(Qimei) 3040:Mâ-kûng 3037:Má-keng 2996:Chinese 2930:of the 2887:Tong'an 2885:, with 2840:102,304 2774:102,282 2736:Tong'an 2694:Miocene 2677:Geology 2520:1,030.5 2517:(1.11) 2512:(1.02) 2507:(1.19) 2502:(3.95) 2497:(9.03) 2492:(6.43) 2487:(5.83) 2482:(4.64) 2477:(3.07) 2472:(2.00) 2467:(1.50) 2462:(0.82) 2448:(45.0) 2443:(48.2) 2438:(49.3) 2433:(59.0) 2428:(66.6) 2423:(70.0) 2418:(71.2) 2413:(66.7) 2408:(61.9) 2403:(50.9) 2398:(45.3) 2393:(45.0) 2388:(45.9) 2378:(71.4) 2373:(63.9) 2368:(70.3) 2363:(75.2) 2358:(79.0) 2353:(79.9) 2348:(80.1) 2343:(78.6) 2338:(75.2) 2333:(70.0) 2328:(64.0) 2323:(60.1) 2318:(59.9) 2308:(74.6) 2303:(66.4) 2298:(72.9) 2293:(77.9) 2288:(82.4) 2283:(83.5) 2278:(84.0) 2273:(82.2) 2268:(78.6) 2263:(73.8) 2258:(67.8) 2253:(63.3) 2248:(62.8) 2238:(79.7) 2233:(70.3) 2228:(77.2) 2223:(82.8) 2218:(87.8) 2213:(89.2) 2208:(90.0) 2203:(87.6) 2198:(84.4) 2193:(79.3) 2188:(73.2) 2183:(68.0) 2178:(66.9) 2168:(98.1) 2163:(86.0) 2158:(88.0) 2153:(95.5) 2148:(95.2) 2143:(95.4) 2138:(98.1) 2133:(96.6) 2128:(93.6) 2123:(91.4) 2118:(87.4) 2113:(85.1) 2108:(83.5) 2027:Climate 1968:Chen Yi 1946:issued 1923:In the 1884:by the 1811:cholera 1716:Tong'an 1661:Tong'an 1557:hominin 1539:History 1456:Phêⁿ-ô· 1444:Hokkien 1433:Phêⁿ-ô· 1374:Tourism 1307:Tong'an 1256:in the 1248:are an 1242:Phêⁿ-ô͘ 1238:Phîⁿ-ô͘ 1231:Hokkien 1042:Hokkien 814:Hokkien 610:Hokkien 372:Symbols 356:Website 306:101,758 176:Country 6495:Wangan 6475:Baisha 6470:Magong 6462:Penghu 6442:Beigan 6437:Nangan 6404:Jinsha 6386:Kinmen 6342:Taiwan 6285:29 May 6243:Cities 6214:Kinmen 6209:Penghu 6189:Chiayi 6184:Yunlin 6179:Nantou 6169:Miaoli 6136:Chiayi 6114:Cities 6097:Taiwan 6048:Tainan 6031:Taipei 5948:Penghu 5897: 5889: 5868: 5849: 5830: 5811: 5786: 5765: 5748: 5738: 5719: 5700: 5672: 5655: 5626: 5620:753129 5618: 5596: 5586: 5569: 5561: 5522: 5493: 5474: 5455: 5205:30 May 5112:3 June 5086:12 May 4980: 4474: 4095: 4085: 3955: 3906: 3775:"歷史沿革" 3658:Kinmen 3654:Chiayi 3650:Tainan 3534:Taiwan 3530:Magong 3501:Kinmen 3337:Energy 3234:Taiwan 3212:Sai-sū 3147:Ô͘-sai 3094:Cimei 3066:Baisha 3020:Magong 2829:96,918 2818:91,785 2807:89,496 2796:90,937 2785:95,932 2740:Fujian 2702:basalt 2661:111.4 2658:129.2 2655:186.4 2652:214.9 2649:231.4 2646:265.3 2643:211.2 2640:183.6 2637:153.1 2634:131.1 2628:102.9 2059:Month 2017:Taipei 1858:Makung 1821:Makung 1816:Bayard 1772:Taiwan 1739:Fujian 1724:Magong 1651:under 1601:Fujian 1452:Minnan 1398:Fuzhou 1364:. The 1360:, and 1303:Fujian 1284:Magong 1280:county 1276:Taiwan 1254:islets 1184:Penghu 1064:Tâi-lô 836:Tâi-lô 632:Tâi-lô 460:Postal 396:Flower 351:TW-PEN 221:Magong 186: 67:County 6567:Japan 6542:Yilan 6485:Cimei 6419:Wuqiu 6414:Lieyu 6399:Jinhu 6358:Cijin 6279:(PDF) 6164:Yilan 6076:] 5653:JSTOR 4932:6 May 4830:(PDF) 4823:(PDF) 4798:(PDF) 4791:(PDF) 4766:(PDF) 4759:(PDF) 4734:(PDF) 4727:(PDF) 4006:曹永和, 3632:Water 3215:Sî-yí 3150:Fù-sî 3059:Rural 3005:Hakka 2865:1 May 2843:+5.6% 2837:2015 2832:+5.6% 2826:2010 2821:+2.6% 2815:2005 2810:−1.6% 2804:2000 2799:−5.2% 2793:1995 2788:−6.2% 2782:1990 2771:1985 2707:with 2696:-age 2631:98.7 2617:80.4 2614:76.8 2611:76.8 2608:75.2 2605:79.6 2602:84.4 2599:83.6 2596:85.2 2593:82.8 2590:80.9 2587:80.0 2584:80.7 2581:78.7 2569:81.1 2548:10.2 2500:100.3 2495:229.4 2490:163.2 2485:148.0 2480:117.8 2098:Year 1743:Macau 1627:] 1465:name 1454:name 1448:Pehoe 1413:] 1244:) or 1014:Hakka 335:UTC+8 6554:and 6490:Xiyu 6480:Huxi 6364:and 6287:2021 6269:ROC. 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