55:
2715:
882:
1072:
809:
770:
796:
7221:
902:
6837:
6690:
4796:
People's Armed Police assists the regular police in operations where violent opposition is expected, in roadblocks and the protection of crime scenes. The People's Armed Police is also involved in anti-crime campaigns. In order maintenance activities, the People's Armed Police uses the preventive patrol, under the leadership of the public security organs, and sometimes in conjunction with them. When dealing with mass incidents, with gang activities and other risk situations, responsibility shifts to the People's Armed Police. However, the People's Armed Police also conducts exclusive patrols.
6732:
6704:
7366:
4321:
6767:
6753:
2725:
7249:
10120:
6830:
6816:
6774:
7214:
6718:
861:
851:
841:
831:
6711:
41:
892:
9277:
6760:
6982:
6463:
6456:
4759:
6823:
7017:
7010:
6491:
6484:
6470:
6844:
6746:
6725:
6697:
6519:
6512:
6498:
6961:
6533:
6526:
6449:
4961:. The People's Armed Police Academy started to recruit cadets in 1984; since 1997, it has begun to issue bachelor's degrees; in 2003 it was allowed to issue master's degrees. According to a 2019 source, it is subordinate to the Ministry of Public Security. The PAP Academy is a Corps Leader Grade command, and thus it is led by a major general who serves as Superintendent. All graduates to the academy are commissioned into the PAP as Second Lieutenants (equivalent of Ensigns for those commissioned into the Coast Guard).
7235:
7228:
6739:
6477:
7202:
6950:
6804:
6438:
4606:
7256:
6505:
9376:
7242:
6968:
6975:
7003:
6996:
2698:
7024:
4629:
reports thus to the party central committee and the CMC (Central
Military Commission). The Gold, Forestry, Hydropower, and Transportation Corps, collectively known as the Specialist Corps, were by then under the joint leadership of PAP Headquarters and their respective ministries in the State Council. The Border Defense, Firefighting, and Guard Corps, collectively known as the Public Security Corps, were then under the direct supervision of the Ministry of Public Security (MPS).
7031:
7038:
6989:
783:
6359:
6352:
6345:
6338:
6394:
6387:
6380:
6373:
6366:
6131:
6124:
6117:
6110:
6103:
6096:
6089:
6082:
6068:
6061:
6075:
69:
699:
6291:
6284:
6277:
6270:
6326:
6319:
6312:
6305:
6298:
6049:
6042:
6035:
6028:
6021:
6014:
6007:
6000:
5986:
5979:
5993:
4777:
government buildings at all levels (including party and state organizations, foreign embassies and consulates), provide security to public corporations and major public events, as well as counter-terrorism and handling of public emergencies. Some units perform guard duty in civilian prisons and provide executioners for the state. The PAP also maintains
5649:
School and, in 2002, it became the People's Armed Police
Special Police Academy. In 2002, the Snow Wolf Commando Unit, since 2007 Snow Leopard Commando Unit, was established in Beijing as the second special police unit. According to Joel Wuthnow, the Snow Leopard Commando Unit was moved from the Beijing Contingent to the 2nd Mobile Contingent in 2018.
5668:
operations; on the other hand, it has to carry out counter terrorism missions, riot control, anti-hijacking and bomb disposal. The main operational unit of the People's Armed Police
Special Police Academy is the Falcon Unit. In addition, the 1st and 2nd Mobile Contingents maintain a total of 5 Special Operations Detachments.
5021:), one level higher than all of the provincial contingents other than Xinjiang and Beijing Commands. Units of the Mobile Contingents mostly originate from former 14 PAP's Divisions. Each Mobile Contingent maintains a Staff, a Political Work Department and a Discipline Inspection Department at the Deputy Corps Leader Grade.
4809:
Bureau of Asian
Research identifies the legal basis of the PAP missions abroad in Article 71 of the 2015 Counter-terrorism Law. According Armed Police Force University professor Zhou Jian, counterterrorism is a task provided by law for the People's Armed Police and operating missions abroad is an “irreplaceable means”.
5648:
The People's Armed Police maintains several
Special Police Units. They were established in Beijing in early 1980s and in 1983 the first of them was transferred to the People's Armed Police as the People's Armed Police Special Police Group. In 1985 the Group became People's Armed Police Special Police
5477:
The IGC Contingents deployed at the provincial levels are further downsized to regiments/brigades, battalions and companies in battle order, which are stationed in a number of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the headquarters. All the contingents have elementary command
4969:
The People's Armed Police
Logistics Academy is a training body aimed to train People's Armed Police personnel in handling logistics. According to Unit Tracker, the university include subjects as applied economics, military and paramilitary logistics, as well as engineering. The Logistics Academy is a
4863:
The People's Armed Police
Headquarters is the leading and commanding organ that directs and administers all the units and provides guidance to it. The PAP has a commander, a political commissar and several deputy commanders and deputy political commissars. The PAP also has departments responsible for
4674:
On 21 March 2018, the
Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party unveiled a reform plan for the People's Armed Police Force. Under this plan, the non-combatant elements of the PAP, the Gold, Forestry, Hydropower, Border Defense, Firefighting, and Guard Corps, are to be removed and the CCG is to
4808:
While the People's Armed Police is principally charged with internal security and guarding key facilities and installations, it also operates as part of the international security efforts of the People's
Republic of China, against both terrorism and organized crime. Mathieu Duchâtel for The National
4799:
The PAP maintains both a division-sized mechanized infantry unit and a rapid deployment light motorized infantry unit, these units are tasked with responding to any possible armed mutinies by PLA soldiers. In wartime deployments the PAP can act as light infantry supporting the PLAGF in local defense
5787:
Due to its history with the PLA, the PAP has a similar rank structure to the PLA and also obeys its regulations. PAP guards are also recruited at the same time and through the same procedures as PLA soldiers. However, the PAP has its own education and training system separate from the PLA. Like the
4795:
In the
Chinese policing system, the People's Armed Police concentrates on managing protests otherwise referred to as "mass incidents" and protecting important facilities and events, while the public security officers focus on handling crime and issues related to the maintenance of public order. The
4533:
in July 1955, reporting under the Central Military Commission of the CCP and the National Defense Council of the People's Republic. Luo Ruiqing was appointed as the commander and political commissar of the PSF in September 1950 and remained on the posts until 1959, retaining the command of the PSF.
5633:
In June 2018, China Coast Guard was granted maritime rights and law enforcement akin civilian law enforcement agencies in order to carry out contrast of illegal activities, keep peace and order, as well as safeguarding security at sea, when performing duties related to the use of marine resources,
5377:
The main tasks of the provincial commands are to undertake fixed target duty and urban armed patrol missions, to ensure the security of important national goals, as force multipliers during emergency situations, whether be natural or man made, to maintain national security and social stability, to
4670:
with three olive stripes at the bottom. The three olive stripes represents the People's Armed Police responsible for the three main tasks and force composition of maintaining national political security and social stability, maritime rights protection and law enforcement, and defense operations.
4628:
Prior to the 2018 reform, the People's Armed Police was further divided into eight corps: Internal Guard, Gold, Forestry, Hydropower, Transportation, Border Defense, Firefighting, and Safeguard Corps. The Internal Guard Corps, which makes up for the bulk of PAP, is under the PAP Headquarters and
4485:
The history of the People's Armed Police is as long as that of the People's Republic, and its origin can be traced back to the People's Liberation Army, which was responsible for both defending the nation from foreign invasions and maintaining internal security. Although the force was officially
4776:
The People's Armed Police's primary mission is internal security. The first law on the People's Armed Police, the Law on the People's Armed Police Force (PAPF), was passed in August 2009, giving it statutory authority to respond to riots, terrorist attacks or other emergencies. Such units guard
4678:
Until 2018, the Specialist Corps were responsible in constructing and maintaining highways and roads, surveying mineral deposits, fighting forest fires, and constructing large scale waterworks like dams and levees as well as for water works maintenance. The PAP is also called upon in emergency
5381:
Each Contingent maintains a Staff, a Political Work Department and a Discipline Inspection Department. Beijing and Xinjiang Contingents maintain these departments at the Deputy Corps Leader Grade, while the other 30 Contingents maintain them at the Division Leader Grade. All provincial-level
5281:
The thirty-one Internal Guard Contingents are responsible for security duty of important political and economic facilities and government buildings at all levels (including party and state organizations, foreign embassies, and consulates), municipal armed patrol, and security duty for senior
5422:). Several of these Mobile Detachments are assigned to the provincial-level commands, in order to provide local authorities of rapid reaction forces. 26 provincial-level subdivisions have 1 Mobile Detachment in addition to the provincial force; seven subdivisions instead have more than one:
5667:
The national-level Special Police Unit is the People's Armed Police Special Police Academy, reporting to the People's Armed Police Headquarters. The academy has both educational and operational roles. On one hand, it is tasked to provide courses in special reconnaissance and special police
4553:. The headquarter was set up in the MPS as a subordinate department. The establishment of the PAP highlighted the efforts to increase the professionalization of the security apparatus, as well as the absorption of numerous PLA demobilized personnel, in the wake of growing unrest.
5569:) guarded China's land and sea borders, as well as its ports and airports. Its main responsibilities were the administration of border and coastal public security, ports and border inspection and surveillance, performing patrols and surveillance activities in areas adjacent to
5403:
Alongside the territorial forces, units roughly equivalent to PLA ground force regiments/brigades, some of which formerly subordinated to the disbanded 14 mobile divisions and some already established within the provincial commands, have been renamed "Mobile Detachments"
5652:
Special police units have a total of six Regiment-level Detachments. Of these six Detachments, three are under the 1st Mobile Contingent, two detachments are assigned to the 2nd Mobile Contingent. One Regiment-level Detachment is under the Xinjiang provincial command.
4687:
With the 2018 reforms, Specialist Corps other than the Transportation Corps have been placed under other ministries. China Coast Guard (CCG) was transferred from State Council to PAP command, and the Transportation Corps has some units under the Mobile Contingents.
4675:
be consolidated with PAP. As of March 2018, the PAP is working with the Central Committee and the relevant organs for the transfer of non-combatant elements into civil service. The Transportation Corps is the only remaining component of the Specialist Corps.
4560:. In practice, the local government (including the local party committee, local people's government and the local public security bureau) carries more weight. However, there were many confusions and loopholes caused by this ambiguous organization structure.
10247:
4597:. However, in March 2018, it was announced that the Coast Guard would be placed under the People's Armed Police Force once again since the State Oceanic Administration was disbanded, but now as an independent branch reporting directly to PAP headquarters.
4855:. The People's Armed Police is the main force for both bilateral and trilateral counterterrorism operations (mainly reconnaissance patrols in remote areas), being deployed south of Shaymak; the PAP has also conducted training for Tajik security forces.
4522:. The Central Column provided security for the inauguration ceremony of the People's Republic. From December 1949 to May 1950, regional security forces, along with the now dissolved Central Column, had been consolidated into divisions under the PSF.
4952:
The People's Armed Police Academy tasked with officer education and training for duties related to the missions entrusted to the People's Armed Police, including, since 2001, UN peacekeeping. The People's Armed Police Academy is headquartered in
4632:
By law however, the PAP operates separately from the PLA. and, in terms of conducting public security operations and relevant capability building, the PAP Headquarters is under the leadership and command of the Ministry of Public Security (MPS).
2102:
1251:
5725:
In response to the needs of the People's Armed Police, the service provides for the use of many types of weapons. Special Operation Forces of People's Armed Police uses various kind of weapons according to necessity of missions.
8953:
5400:), which perform routine duties, including protecting government compounds, in order to be able to complement the Public Security apparatus in case of the latter's failure to handle riots and other forms of mass incidents.
10283:
3364:
10235:
9079:
5766:
In addition, the People's Armed Police makes use of remotely-controlled technologies such as unmanned aerial vehicles, advanced surveillance technology and bomb disposal robots, as well as intelligent unmanned systems.
10223:
9021:
5584:
After the 2018 reform, Port and Seaport detachments of Border Defense Corps have been transferred into the Ministry of Public Security, whereas responsibility of guarding land borders was completely handed over to
10711:
10467:
10271:
7418:
4110:
2676:
3093:
2124:
3122:
2792:
10211:
3109:
8546:
Rolland, Nadège (edited by); van der Kley, Dirk; Rolland, Nadège; Duchâtel, Mathieu; Chase, Michael S.; Gunness, Kristen; Xue, Guifang (Julia); Pantucci, Raffaello; Arduino, Alessandro (September 2019).
4816:
in bilateral and multilateral agreements. PAP special operations forces are also deployed in the Chinese embassies of Baghdad and Kabul for the purposes of protection of diplomatic staff and property.
10691:
5717:
Using the national information infrastructure, the PAP has established a preliminary system of three-level integrated information networks, linking general headquarters with the grass-roots squadrons.
2630:
1993:
10686:
10198:
5630:
According to Joel Wuthnow, the Coast Guard Command within the People's Armed Police possibly is of Corps Leader Grade, led by a Commandant who is usually holding Major General (Rear Admiral) rank.
2656:
2617:
1430:
10696:
2643:
2114:
2010:
1224:
751:
8707:
8129:
5252:
The People's Armed Police is not subordinated to the local government authorities. Instead, the People's Armed Police is composed of echelons corresponding to all government levels, from the
1989:
9146:
4691:
The Border Defense Corps and Guards Corps have been absorbed by the Ministry of Public Security (MPS). The Firefighting and Forestry Corps were merged with the fire department of the
3099:
1233:
12129:
10721:
9325:
9304:
3018:
2686:
2661:
10674:
7429:
2604:
7827:
Bao Xiaoyan and Zhang Tingyu: "Comparison of the Leadership System of the Armed Police Force and the French Gendarmerie", in "Journal of the Armed Police Command Academy" 2010, Issue 5
12766:
5689:) establishes and maintains special police units as part of its own territorial organization. As of 2019, there are three known special police units within the People's Armed Police:
4719:
From the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the paramilitary public security force has been reorganized numerous times. The current designation since 1982, the
4704:
1206:
4537:
As of 1960, the Public Security Corps was organised in 8,200-strong Public Security Divisions, which were deemed not capable of independent, sustained, full-scale combat operations.
11002:
10203:
8945:
8816:
8155:
7573:
5643:
4017:
1508:
931:
10701:
10153:
2666:
1752:
8557:
4433:
The PAP is estimated to have a total strength of 1.5 million. It was established in its current form in 1982, but similar security forces have operated since the founding of the
1149:
10920:
10252:
8879:
4545:
After numerous reorganizations and transfers of control between the PLA and the MPS, the People's Armed Police was created on 19 June 1982, combining the previous armed police,
9071:
2714:
881:
9043:
4120:
3799:
3436:
2180:
1932:
11047:
8038:
2473:
2190:
1999:
1242:
1163:
10664:
9013:
4941:
New constables of the People's Armed Police are drawn from the general military conscription pool, but they are trained in the People's Armed Police basic training units.
2578:
2437:
2239:
746:
8068:
4978:
The mobile organization emerging from 2018 reforms consists of two large formations tasked with providing support to the whole national territory, should the need arise;
12914:
9440:
2937:
1957:
1804:
1748:
1324:
13131:
8612:
3833:
3409:
2307:
11052:
10566:
3035:
864:
741:
11090:
10905:
9726:
9297:
5024:
The mobile Contingents, like their predecessor 14 Divisions, are mainly responsible for dealing with terrorism, violent crime, riots, and public security threats.
3052:
2808:
1465:
12022:
10910:
9772:
9748:
4125:
2229:
2175:
2098:
13126:
5581:
and the prevention of and crack-down on illegal and criminal acts in border and coastal areas, such as illegal border crossing, smuggling and drug trafficking.
10425:
10354:
10318:
10173:
9880:
2150:
2138:
1964:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1278:
12366:
12061:
10848:
10556:
10548:
10479:
10472:
10442:
10376:
10337:
10295:
10288:
10276:
10228:
10108:
9654:
4249:
3184:
3088:
2882:
2293:
2046:
1710:
1700:
1215:
1009:
926:
854:
13055:
10437:
8987:
7413:
and officially put into use on August 1, 2021, in accordance with the 2020 revision of the National Defense Law's Article 28. Traditionally subject to the
4812:
The People's Armed Police sent personnel abroad to receive training or provide training and participates in counter-terrorism exercises, especially across
3703:
1843:
1413:
1085:
8849:
4703:. The Gold Corps and Hydropower Corps have been transformed into state-owned enterprises under the supervision of the relevant State Council ministries (
12169:
11062:
10731:
10627:
10420:
10364:
10264:
9611:
9290:
5709:
For what regards Special Operations detachments of the Mobile Contingents, some of the specialized units may have drawn from the provincial Contingents.
4867:
Following adjustment and reorganization, the People's Armed Police is mainly composed of the territorial forces, the mobile forces, and the Coast Guard.
4679:
rescue and disaster relief operations within the PRC via the specialist and public security forces which can be forward deployed during such operations.
4166:
3954:
3459:
2706:
2469:
1777:
736:
13141:
12094:
11980:
11102:
10932:
10858:
9481:
7433:
5000:
4944:
According to Zi Yang, the state of the education and training system as of 2016 suffered of issues which negatively affected the quality of education.
4618:
4053:
3174:
2818:
2744:
2278:
2056:
1019:
8098:
11985:
10647:
10637:
10259:
10045:
9407:
8699:
8304:
8121:
3164:
2549:
1983:
1888:
1479:
1319:
1304:
12044:
10632:
10349:
10240:
10216:
10143:
10086:
9435:
9138:
5500:
4637:
4564:
4152:
2813:
2486:
1788:
1717:
1706:
1696:
8747:
10716:
9621:
9189:
4515:
4170:
4130:
3474:
2681:
1765:
1458:
1185:
9110:
10706:
10332:
9857:
8374:
7721:
3885:
3267:
2671:
2209:
1045:
348:
12590:
10853:
10371:
10313:
9833:
9208:
4663:, the police chief of Chongqing at the time. Under the 2018 reforms, local authorities now need central approval in order to deploy the PAP.
3235:
2430:
1919:
1741:
1131:
1014:
9243:
7798:
12248:
11485:
11209:
10538:
10530:
9644:
9212:
8910:
4156:
3505:
2396:
1979:
844:
8804:
8151:
7577:
11495:
10508:
10500:
10359:
9797:
8668:
7423:
4358:
3369:
2442:
2051:
1687:
1574:
1438:
834:
8515:
8444:
7944:
11825:
11031:
10138:
8548:
7384:
4617:
Until 31 December 2017, the People's Armed Police had a dual command structure including the Central Military Commission (CMC) and the
2914:
2801:
2401:
2165:
1761:
1154:
8871:
8352:
4572:
a major force for maintaining state security and social stability, the People's Armed Police shoulders a massive and formidable burden
11204:
10915:
10101:
9956:
9851:
9686:
9639:
7836:
Xia Yong, Gendarmerie as a Law Enforcement Force: Type Comparison and Enlightenment, "Rules of Law Research", 2016, Issue 3, page 110
4502:
as its minister to organize the public security forces in the nation. In August 1949, several security and public order units of the
3378:
3179:
2872:
2823:
2023:
8228:
12164:
12149:
12049:
11906:
11864:
10596:
10454:
10190:
9496:
9467:
5586:
4870:
The People's Armed Police Headquarters, placed at Theater Command Grade, include five Departments directly under the Headquarters:
4427:
3922:
3902:
3199:
2750:
2170:
1737:
1408:
1309:
1110:
813:
775:
8022:
11067:
10592:
8338:
4918:
The People's Armed Police has a number of training institutions, likely overseen by the Training Bureau of the Staff Department.
4198:
3746:
3500:
2195:
1578:
5378:
support national economic construction and to carry out rescue and disaster relief missions in tandem with other organizations.
12919:
12070:
11398:
11135:
10158:
10035:
9885:
9753:
8060:
4226:
4162:
2425:
2384:
1593:
1587:
1559:
1366:
4331:
12771:
12159:
11221:
11199:
10588:
10584:
10407:
10168:
9946:
9901:
9400:
5656:
The special police units are tasked to carry out counter terrorism missions, riot control, anti-hijacking and bomb disposal.
4708:
4570:
significantly expanded and strengthened the PAP, with more than 100,000 new troops. Jiang praised the PAP, describing it as "
3645:
3594:
2890:
1721:
1566:
1197:
801:
8603:
5611:. The China Coast Guard was formerly the maritime branch of the People's Armed Police (PAP) Border Security Force under the
12406:
12139:
11636:
10094:
9951:
9875:
9501:
4105:
4085:
4036:
4032:
4022:
3907:
3386:
2787:
2775:
2769:
2200:
720:
5469:
Generally, western provinces with a large non-Han population have more Mobile Detachments than those in China's interior.
4647:
authorities of the power to use the PAP units to commit abuses or against the leadership in Beijing, especially after the
12134:
11505:
11254:
10617:
10580:
9558:
9536:
9491:
9445:
8476:
7414:
7410:
5612:
4692:
4622:
4590:
4495:
4415:
4190:
4008:
4003:
3289:
3283:
2464:
2420:
1771:
1355:
715:
362:
303:
232:
8192:
7607:
5152:
and surrounding provinces along the coast (covering eastern and southern China). The 2nd Mobile Contingent consists of:
12034:
11869:
11249:
10574:
10342:
9990:
9803:
9691:
9676:
9616:
9572:
9486:
4852:
4254:
3978:
3878:
3716:
3660:
3324:
3318:
3135:
2724:
2185:
2085:
1667:
1038:
13121:
2697:
11879:
11856:
11820:
11676:
11671:
11468:
10925:
9606:
9587:
8780:
8509:
7994:
7603:
7567:
4292:
4274:
4259:
4231:
2974:
2969:
2962:
2931:
1637:
1092:
10116:
4769:
The People's Armed Police is formally regulated by the People's Armed Police Law of the People's Republic of China (
12847:
12842:
12617:
12154:
11810:
11216:
10969:
10305:
9393:
5244:
The incumbent Commander is Major General Chen Hongwu, while the Political Commissar is Major General Yang Zhenguo.
4700:
3484:
3306:
3220:
3025:
788:
54:
8646:
5627:, to the People's Armed Police, ultimately placing it under the command of the Central Military Commission (CMC).
12837:
12585:
12329:
12258:
11815:
11543:
11510:
11383:
11191:
10065:
9681:
9526:
4351:
4135:
3520:
2851:
8976:
5374:'corps leader grade'). A provincial Contingent is deemed to be between 15,000 and 30,000 troops strong.
4449:
which was under the command of the PLA. The PAP has been compared by both Chinese and foreign scholars with the
12894:
12534:
11077:
10974:
10642:
9926:
9659:
9546:
9541:
8841:
7894:
7861:
7758:
3787:
3311:
2991:
2623:
2562:
2160:
2142:
1488:
634:
567:
500:
433:
12017:
12007:
11805:
11800:
9716:
7468:
5672:
5552:
5526:
5504:
5482:
5405:
5383:
5351:
5325:
5295:
5261:
5004:
4982:
3013:
2411:
2081:
1168:
1031:
620:
553:
486:
419:
20:
13146:
13017:
13012:
12424:
11737:
11683:
11651:
11478:
11012:
10984:
9985:
9936:
9931:
9767:
9738:
9669:
9631:
9563:
9474:
8090:
5702:
5624:
5616:
4594:
4376:
4221:
4058:
3892:
3782:
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3626:
3613:
3146:
3057:
3047:
2981:
1535:
1381:
1376:
1097:
941:
8295:
5788:
PLA, the PAP also celebrates Army Day on August 1 of every year, and enjoys the same services as the PLA.
1071:
12924:
12802:
12787:
12394:
12351:
12287:
12270:
12144:
11666:
11413:
11176:
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9916:
9577:
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5313:
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4404:
4213:
3873:
3347:
3341:
2986:
2701:
2591:
1525:
1503:
690:
4556:
The PAP was led by both the local government and superior PAP forces, which is called "Dual-Leadership"
12439:
12319:
12075:
12029:
12012:
11995:
11742:
11706:
11553:
11128:
11095:
11007:
10520:
10513:
10040:
10015:
9531:
9416:
9014:"NPCSC Defers Vote on E-Commerce Law, Grants Law Enforcement Powers to Military-Controlled Coast Guard"
8739:
7667:
Sun, Ivan Y.; Wu, Yuning (December 2009). "The Role of the People's Armed Police in Chinese Policing".
7436:
5696:
4411:
4344:
4307:
4269:
4239:
3971:
3868:
3357:
3334:
3299:
2947:
2924:
1619:
936:
193:
13042:
12634:
12458:
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12236:
11701:
11646:
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11259:
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10823:
10679:
10163:
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9978:
9839:
9102:
4470:
3532:
3479:
2908:
2406:
1530:
1420:
1116:
1104:
993:
398:
7713:
4739:
1963–1966: Chinese People's Public Security Force, under the joint leadership of the MPS and the PLA
4640:
and the Central Military Commission (CMC), with the PAP no longer subordinate to the State Council.
13000:
12629:
12575:
12500:
12111:
11953:
11936:
11914:
11747:
11722:
11661:
11563:
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10775:
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9703:
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9420:
9282:
7220:
4180:
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3812:
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3729:
3515:
3256:
3240:
2155:
1624:
1396:
972:
962:
910:
11333:
5607:
is the agency for maritime search and rescue and law enforcement in the territorial waters of the
13050:
12832:
12548:
12434:
12429:
12334:
12309:
12253:
12087:
12039:
11874:
11795:
11790:
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11656:
11641:
11500:
11281:
10828:
10818:
10808:
10803:
10780:
10768:
10763:
10741:
9777:
9731:
9553:
9385:
9235:
7806:
4785:
4644:
4579:
4474:
4143:
3770:
3606:
3169:
3141:
3040:
2255:
2108:
1552:
977:
967:
957:
11455:
9204:
8902:
7853:
7847:
5615:
until 2013. In March 2013, China announced it would form a unified Coast Guard commanded by the
4937:
People's Armed Police Special Police Academy (Deputy Corps Leader Grade, led by a Major General)
4666:
On 10 January 2018, the PAP received a new flag following the design of the branch flags of the
13005:
12812:
12646:
12602:
12580:
12277:
11727:
11631:
11438:
11181:
10657:
10323:
10000:
9815:
9664:
8159:
7562:
7133:
6628:
4302:
4264:
4068:
3853:
3846:
3792:
3589:
2996:
2957:
2918:
1950:
1288:
901:
8676:
8588:
8550:
securing the belt and road initiativeChina's Evolving Military Engagement Along the Silk Roads
5256:(including Autonomous Regions or Municipalities directly under the central government) to the
4727:
1949–1950: Chinese People's Public Security Force, under the Ministry of Public Security (MPS)
4589:
was a part of the PAP. In 2013, it was separated and transferred to the direct control of the
12995:
12990:
12945:
12881:
12792:
12495:
12444:
12382:
12104:
11941:
11929:
11919:
11688:
11321:
11121:
10889:
10874:
10813:
10432:
10020:
9973:
9968:
9963:
9506:
8499:
8428:
7948:
7248:
5664:
Special Police Units are organized and placed at the Provincial level and at national level.
4696:
3941:
3777:
2303:
1371:
1361:
1273:
1268:
9236:"Chinese armed police force launches intelligent unmanned system challenge - China Military"
8401:
6836:
6689:
13136:
12721:
12669:
12529:
12324:
12299:
12226:
12221:
12056:
11948:
11924:
11782:
11264:
10884:
10652:
9762:
9721:
9645:
Committee for Safeguarding National Security of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
8346:
8342:
7213:
6731:
6703:
6221:
4778:
4184:
4176:
4095:
4048:
4012:
3996:
3734:
3527:
3189:
3081:
3030:
2571:
2521:
1945:
1614:
1604:
1474:
6766:
6752:
5619:. This renewed Coast Guard has been in operation since July 2013. As of July 1, 2018, the
4934:
People's Armed Police Officers Academy (Deputy Corps Leader Grade, led by a Major General)
8:
13022:
12867:
12761:
12756:
12726:
12684:
12607:
12570:
12490:
12475:
12304:
12265:
11972:
11586:
11490:
11241:
9921:
9360:
8220:
7328:
6960:
6890:
6249:
4925:
People's Armed Police Engineering University (Corps Leader Grade, led by a Major General)
4789:
4648:
4244:
4044:
3947:
3912:
3821:
3756:
3584:
3402:
2867:
2597:
2283:
1662:
1493:
1140:
860:
850:
840:
830:
342:
9276:
6829:
6815:
6773:
12909:
12904:
12889:
12741:
12709:
12704:
12597:
12519:
12507:
12416:
12082:
12002:
11990:
11958:
11613:
11608:
11526:
11226:
10751:
10462:
10005:
9863:
9649:
8576:
8368:
7692:
7628:
7111:
7089:
7067:
6717:
6606:
6584:
6562:
5930:
5902:
5291:
5257:
5253:
4886:
4454:
4063:
3897:
3553:
3539:
3008:
2225:
2093:
2029:
2003:
1674:
1652:
1644:
1453:
1283:
6710:
4423:
12968:
12960:
12674:
12541:
12512:
12470:
12399:
12356:
12314:
12181:
12121:
11893:
11830:
11692:
11473:
11443:
11269:
11072:
10997:
9599:
9183:
8776:
8505:
8436:
8030:
8000:
7990:
7900:
7890:
7867:
7857:
7764:
7754:
7696:
7684:
7155:
6661:
6639:
5958:
5620:
5604:
5598:
5522:
4781:
4586:
4503:
4392:
4388:
4380:
4208:
3858:
3828:
3621:
3559:
3510:
3225:
2728:
1062:
895:
891:
381:
19:
This article is about the Chinese paramilitary police force. For other agencies, see
6967:
6462:
6455:
4931:
People's Armed Police Logistics Academy (Corps Leader Grade, led by a Major General)
4910:
Being of Theatre Command Grade, the People's Armed Police is led by a full General.
4746:
in an integrated structure. In 1971 and 1973, some units were transferred to the MPS
13086:
13079:
12978:
12973:
12899:
12827:
12746:
12661:
12651:
12622:
12558:
12553:
12387:
12361:
12346:
12231:
12209:
12193:
12099:
11548:
11538:
11378:
11171:
11156:
11148:
11024:
10060:
9827:
9460:
7801:[Mao Zedong cares about the early construction of the armed police force].
7676:
7518:
7493:
7144:
6974:
6759:
6650:
6490:
6483:
6469:
5951:
5730:
5577:, as well as patrols and surveillance activities along the demarcation line of the
4839:
Since 2014, the People's Republic of China established a security cooperation with
4758:
4736:
1959–1963: People's Armed Police, under the joint leadership of the MPS and the PLA
4457:, but the main inspiration for the PAP's establishment and operation came from the
4419:
4148:
3765:
2757:
2349:
2289:
1631:
1446:
1175:
657:
590:
523:
456:
313:
149:
8669:"White paper gives overview of reshuffled armed forces - Xinhua | English.news.cn"
7234:
7227:
7002:
6995:
6981:
6518:
6511:
6497:
4928:
People's Armed Police Command Academy (Corps Leader Grade, led by a Major General)
12694:
12689:
12612:
12563:
12524:
12188:
11770:
11576:
11463:
11019:
10397:
10387:
9455:
8770:
7919:
7276:
7255:
7056:
7023:
7016:
7009:
6822:
6672:
6551:
6532:
6525:
6448:
6214:
5895:
5027:
Being of Corps leader grade, Mobile Contingents are led by a Major General each.
4848:
4636:
From 1 January 2018, command of the People's Armed Police is jointly held by the
4458:
4396:
4203:
3807:
2735:
1122:
905:
9169:
9045:
Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic of China 2023
7241:
7037:
7030:
6843:
6745:
6724:
6696:
6476:
13095:
13027:
12950:
12797:
12751:
12736:
12731:
12714:
12699:
12485:
11840:
11835:
11765:
11351:
10756:
10392:
10050:
10025:
9809:
9711:
9518:
9375:
7751:
The Chinese Army today : tradition and transformation for the 21st century
7341:
7289:
7263:
7045:
6988:
6903:
6851:
6540:
6504:
6256:
6228:
6207:
6200:
5944:
5916:
5756:
5603:
The Chinese People's Armed Police Force Coast Guard Corps, also abbreviated as
5578:
5072:
4078:
3667:
3631:
3601:
3545:
3194:
2649:
2567:
2535:
2016:
1520:
338:
40:
8468:
7680:
6738:
5260:
levels; the territorial organization is that of the PAP Internal Guard Corps (
4820:
Since 2011, the People's Armed Police has also conducted operations along the
13115:
13060:
12807:
12641:
12480:
12282:
11603:
11591:
11433:
11294:
9869:
9365:
9355:
9350:
8440:
8223:[The Coming and Going of the PAP Reform: Eight Corps Slimming Down].
8184:
8034:
8004:
7688:
7599:
7166:
7078:
6573:
5965:
5909:
5739:
5634:
protection of marine environment, regulation of fishery, and anti-smuggling.
4605:
4400:
3709:
3293:
3126:
2555:
2358:
2331:
2317:
1657:
1401:
1263:
331:
7904:
7871:
7768:
13100:
12985:
12857:
12822:
11428:
11423:
11418:
11408:
11403:
11393:
11311:
11306:
9941:
9845:
9345:
8805:"The Chinese People's Armed Police in a Time of Armed Forces Restructuring"
8772:
Chinese Army today : tradition and transformation for the 21st century
7460:
7371:
7122:
6617:
5937:
5821:
5036:
4813:
4550:
4546:
4466:
4462:
4384:
4325:
4297:
3636:
3566:
3275:
2496:
2388:
2365:
2338:
2130:
1793:
664:
597:
530:
463:
281:
5551:
Prior to the 2018 reform, the People's Armed Police Border Defense Corps (
4922:
People's Armed Police Academy (Corps Leader Grade, led by a Major General)
4885:
Political Work Department (Deputy Theater Command Grade): led by Director
4730:
1950–1955: Public Security Force, under the People's Liberation Army (PLA)
12679:
11596:
11581:
11388:
11346:
11341:
11289:
9911:
9340:
7440:
7379:
6358:
6351:
6344:
6337:
5813:
5805:
5776:
5181:
4844:
4567:
4499:
4473:, adapted to the specific military-political culture and thinking of the
4450:
3934:
3816:
3722:
3575:
3490:
3152:
3115:
3103:
2610:
2065:
1880:
1866:
1391:
1237:
1189:
264:
8556:. The National Bureau of Asian Research. pp. 13, 14–15, 65, 84–87.
4414:, the PAP is a specialized paramilitary force reporting directly to the
2793:
State Administration for Sci., Tech. & Industry for National Defense
12852:
11760:
11571:
11299:
9906:
9821:
9335:
9330:
8638:
8337:
6393:
6386:
6379:
6372:
6365:
6130:
6123:
6116:
6109:
6102:
6095:
6088:
6081:
6067:
6060:
5845:
5837:
5751:
4840:
4660:
4438:
3984:
3928:
3428:
3328:
3215:
2857:
2829:
2636:
2503:
2479:
2372:
2233:
2011:
Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Military Commission
1895:
1850:
1811:
1797:
1781:
1728:
1246:
1210:
1201:
1179:
1135:
1126:
6074:
12862:
12817:
11755:
11696:
10949:
10055:
8122:"Why China's armed police will only take orders from Xi's army elite"
7849:
Modernizing China's military : progress, problems, and prospects
5869:
5861:
5853:
5570:
5321:
5177:
5169:
5118:
5104:
5096:
4864:
logistical and political matters and several speciality departments.
4763:
4656:
4430:(PLAGF) or the light blue and black uniforms of the People's Police.
3863:
3688:
3466:
3451:
3424:
2941:
2324:
2259:
2118:
1970:
1911:
1824:
1599:
1228:
9312:
8700:"China's armed police sees leadership overhaul under reform process"
4651:
in which the PAP was allegedly abused by provincial party secretary
4643:
The reform was reportedly carried out in order to deprive the local
12937:
12930:
12243:
10415:
9072:"China now has commandos on horseback to tackle terror in Xinjiang"
7315:
7302:
6877:
6864:
6242:
6235:
5885:
5877:
5623:
was transferred from civilian control of the State Council and the
5462:
5426:
5343:
5219:
5204:
5189:
5080:
5068:
5064:
5060:
4970:
Corps Leader Grade command, and thus it is led by a major general.
4954:
4833:
4825:
4652:
4575:
3990:
2779:
2761:
2584:
2528:
2297:
1903:
1860:
1820:
1219:
1144:
698:
287:
Coastal patrol, marine border protection, marine search and rescue.
9415:
8545:
6290:
6283:
6276:
6269:
5114:
3 Special Operations detachments (Beijing; Tianjin; Shijiazhuang);
11366:
11361:
11356:
11113:
11057:
10879:
9640:
Office for Safeguarding National Security of the CPG in the HKSAR
8297:
China's Other Army: The People's Armed Police in an Era of Reform
8091:"Command of Armed Police Force to be unified - Chinadaily.com.cn"
7987:
China's security state : philosophy, evolution, and politics
7100:
6595:
5923:
5829:
5747:
5456:
5438:
5432:
5347:
5237:
5193:
5157:
5132:
5125:
5088:
5084:
5076:
5048:
5044:
4880:
Intelligence Bureau (Division Leader Grade), led by Zhang Xiaoqi;
4829:
4519:
4486:
established in 1982, its constituent units stretch back to 1949.
3351:
317:
9139:"The Amazing Way China Has Modernized Its Military—and Its Guns"
6325:
6318:
6311:
6304:
6297:
6048:
6041:
6034:
6027:
6020:
6013:
6006:
5999:
5985:
5978:
4900:
Discipline Inspection Commission (Deputy Theater Command Grade);
13032:
10963:
10010:
8541:
8539:
8537:
8535:
8533:
7887:
Gun barrel politics : party--army relations in Mao's China
7526:
7501:
7476:
5992:
5760:
5743:
5734:
5680:
5560:
5534:
5512:
5490:
5444:
5413:
5391:
5359:
5333:
5303:
5269:
5223:
5200:
5185:
5173:
5165:
5161:
5149:
5145:
5092:
5056:
5012:
4990:
4821:
4610:
3652:
3443:
3416:
2245:
1938:
1925:
1872:
1835:
1828:
1609:
11048:
China National Aero-Technology Import & Export Corporation
8156:
Ministry of National Defense of the People's Republic of China
7574:
Ministry of National Defense of the People's Republic of China
5644:
Special Police Unit of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force
5047:. The Contingent covers northern and central China, including
4895:
Soldier and Civilian Personnel Bureau (Division Leader Grade);
3437:
Central Guidance Commission on Building Spiritual Civilization
2438:
State-owned Assets Supervision & Administration Commission
68:
11144:
10119:
7444:
5608:
5574:
5450:
5317:
5227:
5215:
5211:
5108:
5100:
5040:
4958:
4434:
4090:
3693:
250:(People's Armed Police Law of the People's Republic of China)
222:
212:
202:
8986:. Washington, DC: Uyghur Human Rights Projects. p. 16.
8630:
8530:
8389:
China's Armed Police and Nationalization of the Police Force
7797:
Xia, Mingxing; Zhang, Ning; Zhu, Xiongnan (16 August 2017).
5499:, equivalent to a PLA regiment/brigade) is stationed at the
7448:
5233:
1 Engineering/Chemical Defense detachment (Fuzhou, Fujian);
11053:
China National Electronics Import & Export Corporation
9205:"China's People's Armed Police: reorganised and refocused"
8903:"China's People's Armed Police: reorganized and refocused"
8611:. Santa Monica, California: RAND Corporation. p. 26.
4964:
3410:
Central Leading Group for Propaganda, Ideology and Culture
8872:"Logistics University of the People's Armed Police Force"
6139:
4800:
missions and in support of the PLAN in naval operations.
4711:
and China Aneng Construction Corporation, respectively).
8303:. Washington: Institute for National Strategic Studies.
9103:"New counter-terror force in Xinjiang - China Military"
8946:"People's Armed Police (PAP) Special Operations Forces"
8842:"International Law Enforcement Training Programme, MPS"
7911:
5324:. The provincial command is deputy corps leader grade (
8178:
8176:
7428:(1983) as its symbol and cap insignia. But from 2007,
5543:, equivalent to a PLA company) at the township level.
4836:. These operations are aimed against organized crime.
280:
Paramilitary law enforcement, counter insurgency, and
8775:(2nd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge. p. 28.
8733:
8731:
8729:
8727:
8725:
7852:. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp.
2883:
Independent Commission Against Corruption (Hong Kong)
669:
602:
535:
468:
8968:
7443:
instead of police blue on the shield and adding the
7361:
3704:
Central Leading Group on Hong Kong and Macau Affairs
1252:
Politburo Standing Committee longest-serving members
113:("Chinese Armed Police Force"), formerly abbreviated
11063:
China Precision Machinery Import-Export Corporation
9270:
9069:
8836:
8834:
8173:
8061:"China's Coast Guard is Now a Military Police Unit"
8023:"A Secretive Army Grows to Maintain Order in China"
7845:
4525:The PSF was assigned to the PLA and became the PLA
3955:
Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits
2191:
Environmental Protection and Resources Conservation
10933:Academic institutions of the armed forces of China
8864:
8722:
7629:"Military Services – Ministry of National Defense"
4453:forces found in many countries, most famously the
13132:Military units and formations established in 1982
10046:Residential Surveillance at a Designated Location
9132:
9130:
9128:
9036:
8940:
8938:
8936:
8934:
8932:
8930:
8928:
8909:. International Institute for Strategic Studies.
8429:"China Approves Law Governing Armed Police Force"
4874:Staff Department (Deputy Theater Command Grade);
4742:1966–1982: PLA Internal Guard, absorbed into the
4489:
13113:
9436:Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
8831:
8501:Cooperation for a peaceful and sustainable world
7708:
7706:
5199:2 Special Operations detachments (Guangzhou and
4947:
4858:
9094:
8289:
8287:
8285:
8283:
8281:
8279:
8277:
8275:
8273:
8271:
8269:
8267:
8265:
7889:. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. pp. 40–41.
4773:), adopted and effective since 27 August 2009.
4733:1955–1959: Public Security Corps, under the PLA
4494:In July 1949, the CMC decided to establish the
4131:State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs
752:Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CMC
10174:Information operations and information warfare
9881:Information operations and information warfare
9858:Strike Hard Campaign Against Violent Terrorism
9227:
9170:"The Chinese CQA – Small Arms Defense Journal"
9125:
9051:. U.S. Department of Defense. 2022. p. 84
8925:
8263:
8261:
8259:
8257:
8255:
8253:
8251:
8249:
8247:
8245:
8185:"Party plan for reform unveiled - China Daily"
8016:
8014:
7989:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Aug.
7918:Army, United States Department of the (1960).
7597:
5316:Division, is stationed, with the exception of
5144:The 2nd Mobile Contingent is headquartered in
4999:) have a similar structure and are considered
4540:
3358:Judicial Administrative Organs People's Police
1356:"People's democratic dictatorship" (Article 1)
12780:
11129:
10102:
9401:
9298:
9209:International Institute for Strategic Studies
9167:
9005:
8796:
8661:
8394:
7703:
7404:
7346:
7333:
7320:
7307:
7294:
7281:
7268:
7170:
7159:
7148:
7137:
7126:
7115:
7104:
7093:
7082:
7071:
7060:
7049:
6908:
6895:
6882:
6869:
6856:
6676:
6665:
6654:
6643:
6632:
6621:
6610:
6599:
6588:
6577:
6566:
6555:
6544:
4352:
3475:National Press and Publication Administration
2176:Education, Science, Culture and Public Health
1039:
639:
625:
572:
558:
505:
491:
438:
424:
245:
142:
83:
7924:. Washington: The Department. pp. 43–44
7744:
7742:
7740:
7738:
4054:International Development Cooperation Agency
3506:National Radio and Television Administration
2672:Reform & Organizational Structure Office
2402:National Development & Reform Commission
1980:Central Commission for Discipline Inspection
1844:Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Commission
10579:Theater's Joint Logistics Support Centers:
9798:Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries
9196:
9188:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
8901:Boyd, Henry; Nouwens, Meia (21 June 2019).
8900:
8894:
8691:
8242:
8113:
8011:
7796:
7536:
7419:Police Badge of the Chinese People's Police
5369:
5124:1 Engineering/Chemical Defence detachment (
4803:
2279:State Council (Central People's Government)
1889:Financial & Economic Affairs Commission
13127:Military of the People's Republic of China
11136:
11122:
11032:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
10109:
10095:
9408:
9394:
9305:
9291:
9275:
8950:Boot Camp & Military Fitness Institute
8762:
8740:"China Announces Reform of Military Ranks"
8373:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
7980:
7978:
7976:
7974:
7972:
7970:
7968:
7966:
7884:
7792:
7790:
7788:
7786:
7784:
7782:
7780:
7778:
7385:Republic of China (Taiwan) Military Police
6407:
6402:
5117:2 Transportation detachments (Beijing and
4906:Equipment Department (Corps Leader Grade).
4903:Logistics Department (Corps Leader Grade);
4892:Propaganda Bureau (Division Leader Grade);
4359:
4345:
1367:Constitutional oath of office (Article 27)
1046:
1032:
375:PAP Internal Guard Corps: 32 × contingents
13142:Paramilitary organizations based in China
10916:National University of Defense Technology
9957:List of Hong Kong national security cases
9655:Independent Commission Against Corruption
9063:
8595:
8497:
8420:
8214:
8212:
8210:
8082:
7735:
7714:"Top legislature passes armed police law"
7662:
7660:
7658:
7656:
7654:
7652:
7650:
7648:
5382:Contingents maintain "Duty Detachments" (
5051:. The 1st Mobile Contingent consists of:
4762:People's Armed Police Guards in front of
4753:
4749:1982–present: People's Armed Police (PAP)
4682:
4445:, initially under the MPS, and later the
4111:International Military Cooperation Office
3379:Office for Safeguarding National Security
2024:Central Leading Group for Inspection Work
1382:Highest state organ of power (Article 57)
9497:National Defense Mobilization Commission
9136:
8697:
5521:, equivalent to a PLA battalion) at the
5139:
5030:
4877:Training Bureau (Division Leader Grade);
4757:
4723:, was first used between 1959 and 1963.
4604:
3923:Central Leading Group for Taiwan Affairs
3903:Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement
2751:National Defense Mobilization Commission
1958:Office of the Central Secrecy Commission
11068:China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation
9588:People's Procuratorates Judicial Police
8974:
8339:Information Office of the State Council
8333:
8331:
8329:
8327:
8325:
8293:
8020:
7963:
7775:
6128:
6121:
6114:
6107:
6100:
6093:
6086:
6079:
6072:
6065:
6058:
6046:
6039:
6032:
6025:
6018:
6011:
6004:
5997:
5990:
5983:
5976:
5637:
5546:
5312:), a formation equivalent in rank to a
5247:
4965:People's Armed Police Logistics Academy
4465:and related paramilitary forces of the
4379:organization primarily responsible for
4199:Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence
3268:CCP Central Politics and Law Commission
2948:People's Procuratorates Judicial Police
1372:Protection of human rights (Article 33)
13114:
12071:Socialism with Chinese characteristics
10036:Picking quarrels and provoking trouble
9834:1983 "Strike Hard" Anti-crime Campaign
9542:provincial Public Security Departments
9070:Sutirtho Patranobis (21 August 2019).
8913:from the original on 26 September 2019
8768:
8675:. Xinhua. 24 July 2019. Archived from
8636:
8504:. Bingley, U.K.: Emerald. p. 70.
8479:from the original on 23 September 2015
8463:
8461:
8207:
7921:Handbook on the Chinese Communist Army
7748:
7645:
7482:Zhōngguó Rénmín Wǔzhuāng Jǐngchá Bùduì
7181:Non-commissioned officers and enlisted
6783:Non-commissioned officers and enlisted
6140:Non-commissioned officers and enlisted
5035:The 1st Mobile Contingent is based in
4973:
4512:Chinese People's Public Security Force
4443:Chinese People's Public Security Force
4418:(CMC). PAP officers and soldiers wear
4227:China and the World Trade Organization
4163:Visa requirements for Chinese citizens
3300:Public Security Organs People's Police
1594:Socialism with Chinese characteristics
470:Zhōngguó Rénmín Wǔzhuāng Jǐngchá Bùduì
11117:
10090:
9389:
9286:
9100:
9024:from the original on 29 November 2020
8993:from the original on 16 December 2023
8852:from the original on 13 December 2019
8737:
8601:
8426:
7666:
5782:
4709:China National Gold Group Corporation
4441:era, the PAP's predecessors were the
4428:People's Liberation Army Ground Force
3646:Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission
3595:Overseas censorship of Chinese issues
3335:State Security Organs People's Police
2891:Commission Against Corruption (Macau)
2824:CMC Leading Group for Military Reform
2657:Politics and Legal Affairs Commission
9246:from the original on 7 November 2019
9215:from the original on 25 October 2019
9202:
8882:from the original on 8 December 2019
8876:Chinese Defence Universities Tracker
8819:from the original on 16 October 2019
8750:from the original on 13 October 2019
8605:China's Pursuit of Overseas Security
8518:from the original on 1 November 2023
8322:
8132:from the original on 27 January 2018
8119:
8101:from the original on 26 January 2018
8088:
7917:
7403:The Badge of the Chinese PAP Force (
5592:
5350:Commands, which are senior in rank (
4699:(CF&R), it was placed under the
4518:and to keep the public order in the
4403:as well as providing support to the
4086:Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
3908:Cross-Strait Service Trade Agreement
747:Political Work Department of the CMC
12767:Major Historical and Cultural Sites
10707:Reform and Organizational Structure
9547:city/county Public Security Bureaus
9149:from the original on 10 August 2020
9113:from the original on 8 October 2019
9082:from the original on 7 October 2019
9011:
8639:"China Looms Large in Central Asia"
8458:
7984:
7753:(2nd ed.). London: Routledge.
5285:
4600:
4191:National Immigration Administration
3236:Federation of Industry and Commerce
2873:Anti-corruption campaign since 2012
2631:National Defense Mobilization Dept.
1432:General Principles of the Civil Law
410:Chinese People's Armed Police Force
13:
11905:
11143:
11103:Authorized defense products dealer
10712:International Military Cooperation
10575:Wuhan Joint Logistics Support Base
9991:Inciting subversion of state power
9804:Three-anti and Five-anti Campaigns
9233:
9137:Mizokami, Kyle (16 January 2020).
8802:
8738:Allen, Kenneth (30 January 2017).
8618:from the original on 28 April 2019
8355:from the original on 28 April 2015
8218:
8195:from the original on 22 March 2018
8182:
5671:Each provincial-level Contingent (
4853:Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region
3979:Central Foreign Affairs Commission
3661:Cyberspace Administration of China
1668:Two Establishes and Two Safeguards
697:
14:
13158:
12062:Political Consultative Conference
10926:PLA Air Force Aviation University
9262:
8975:Carrdus, Ben (13 December 2023).
8956:from the original on 23 June 2019
8710:from the original on 7 April 2020
8041:from the original on 4 March 2020
7942:
7405:
5712:
5525:, and a public security company (
4574:" and deployed it extensively in
4232:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
3089:Political Consultative Conference
2677:Int'l Military Cooperation Office
2662:Science and Technology Commission
2618:Training and Administration Dept.
2465:Central Military Commission (CMC)
1638:Scientific Outlook on Development
1362:Democratic centralism (Article 3)
742:Joint Staff Department of the CMC
378:PAP Mobile Corps: 2 × contingents
246:
143:
84:
16:Chinese paramilitary organization
12848:Four Masters of the Yuan dynasty
12843:Four Masters of the Ming dynasty
10970:The Science of Military Strategy
10118:
9374:
9101:Huang, Panyue (21 August 2019).
8563:from the original on 1 July 2020
8391:, Beijing Spring, September 2006
8348:China's National Defense In 2006
8343:"V. People's Armed Police Force"
8310:from the original on 4 July 2020
8120:Zhou, Viola (28 December 2017).
7364:
7254:
7247:
7240:
7233:
7226:
7219:
7212:
7200:
7036:
7029:
7022:
7015:
7008:
7001:
6994:
6987:
6980:
6973:
6966:
6959:
6948:
6842:
6835:
6828:
6821:
6814:
6802:
6772:
6765:
6758:
6751:
6744:
6737:
6730:
6723:
6716:
6709:
6702:
6695:
6688:
6531:
6524:
6517:
6510:
6503:
6496:
6489:
6482:
6475:
6468:
6461:
6454:
6447:
6436:
6392:
6385:
6378:
6371:
6364:
6357:
6350:
6343:
6336:
6324:
6317:
6310:
6303:
6296:
6289:
6282:
6275:
6268:
6129:
6122:
6115:
6108:
6101:
6094:
6087:
6080:
6073:
6066:
6059:
6047:
6040:
6033:
6026:
6019:
6012:
6005:
5998:
5991:
5984:
5977:
4701:Ministry of Emergency Management
4655:to surround the US Consulate in
4319:
3485:State Council Information Office
3307:State Immigration Administration
2723:
2713:
2696:
2644:Discipline Inspection Commission
2166:Supervisory and Judicial Affairs
1377:Freedom of religion (Article 36)
1070:
900:
890:
880:
859:
849:
839:
829:
807:
794:
781:
768:
67:
53:
39:
12838:Four Paragons of the Early Tang
12035:Political parties and movements
11399:Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
11384:Northern and Southern dynasties
10468:Rocket Force corps of engineers
10066:Persecution of Uyghurs in China
9952:Hong Kong national security law
9583:People's Courts Judicial Police
9161:
8815:(6). The Jamestown Foundation.
8649:from the original on 2 May 2020
8637:Umarov, Temur (30 March 2020).
8491:
8447:from the original on 2019-09-07
8381:
8294:Wuthnow, Joel (16 April 2019).
8231:from the original on 2018-06-19
8144:
8071:from the original on 2019-08-15
8053:
8021:Eckholm, Erik (28 March 1999).
7936:
7878:
7839:
7830:
7821:
7724:from the original on 2021-08-31
7610:from the original on 2021-10-27
7580:from the original on 2021-07-29
7512:
7432:is slightly different from the
6685:Collar insignia (adopted 1958)
5659:
5503:, a public security battalion (
5472:
4563:In the mid and late 1990s, CCP
4529:in September 1950, and the PLA
4136:Overseas Chinese Affairs Office
3521:China Global Television Network
3501:Ministry of Culture and Tourism
3365:Bureau of Prison Administration
2925:People's Courts Judicial Police
2852:National Supervisory Commission
1933:Office of the General Secretary
986:History of the Chinese military
95:; 'Armed Police Force')
11078:Seven Sons of National Defence
9927:Central Case Examination Group
9660:Hong Kong Disciplined Services
9234:Li, Jiayao (6 November 2019).
9012:Wei, Changhao (22 June 2018).
8089:Zhao, Lei (28 December 2017).
7621:
7604:People's Liberation Army Daily
7591:
7568:People's Liberation Army Daily
7555:
7531:
7506:
7487:
7481:
7472:
7454:
7397:
6919:
6162:Wu jing san ji jing shi zhang
5770:
5693:Falcon Commando Unit: Beijing;
5685:
5676:
5565:
5556:
5539:
5530:
5517:
5508:
5495:
5486:
5418:
5409:
5396:
5387:
5364:
5355:
5338:
5329:
5308:
5299:
5274:
5265:
5210:3 Transportation detachments (
5017:
5008:
4995:
4986:
4981:These two Mobile Contingents (
4613:) of the People's Armed Police
4490:People's Public Security Force
4255:China–European Union relations
3747:Special administrative regions
2932:Supreme People's Procuratorate
2171:Financial and Economic Affairs
932:Special Police Unit of the PAP
670:
640:
626:
603:
573:
559:
536:
506:
492:
469:
439:
425:
130:; 'Armed Police'), or
126:
121:
91:
1:
10692:National Defense Mobilization
9717:Commission Against Corruption
8698:Liu Zhen (15 December 2019).
8427:Wines, Michael (2009-08-27).
7548:
6167:Wu jing si ji jing shi zhang
6157:Wu jing er ji jing shi zhang
6152:Wu jing yi ji jing shi zhang
6143:
5795:
5148:, with units concentrated in
4948:People's Armed Police Academy
4859:Headquarters and organization
4714:
4705:Ministry of Natural Resources
4275:China–United States relations
4260:China–Latin America relations
4121:NPC Foreign Affairs Committee
3717:HK & Macau Affairs Office
3460:Central Propaganda Department
3312:Local public security bureaus
2687:Offices Administration Agency
2196:Agriculture and Rural Affairs
1010:Ranks of the PLA Ground Force
927:PLA Special Operations Forces
865:Joint Logistics Support Force
21:Armed Police (disambiguation)
12140:Ministry of National Defense
11479:Chinese Communist Revolution
11013:Mountain Eagle Commando Unit
9947:Grid-style social management
9937:Death sentence with reprieve
9932:Civil Servant-Family Pair Up
9768:Correctional Services Bureau
9670:National Security Department
9502:Ministry of National Defense
9475:United Front Work Department
9441:National Security Commission
9203:Boyd, Henry (21 June 2019).
8746:. The Jamestown Foundation.
8473:Ministry of National Defense
8158:. 2018-01-10. Archived from
7846:Shambaugh, David L. (2002).
7669:Asian Journal of Criminology
6683:
5720:
5703:Mountain Eagle Commando Unit
5625:State Oceanic Administration
5617:State Oceanic Administration
5156:9 mobile detachments (Wuyi,
4824:with the security forces of
4595:State Oceanic Administration
4222:China and the United Nations
4126:CCP International Department
4106:Ministry of National Defense
4033:Diplomatic missions of China
3893:Taiwan independence movement
3614:Publishing industry in China
3147:United Front Work Department
2992:Regular Disciplined Services
2982:Law enforcement in Hong Kong
2788:Ministry of Veterans Affairs
2770:Ministry of National Defense
1805:National Security Commission
1645:Harmonious Socialist Society
1536:Death sentence with reprieve
1510:Administrative Procedure Law
942:Mountain Eagle Commando Unit
721:Ministry of National Defense
134:as on vehicle license plates
7:
12803:Flowers of the Four Seasons
12788:Four Treasures of the Study
12407:Water supply and sanitation
12135:Central Military Commission
12130:Outline of military history
11880:Province-level subdivisions
10911:National Defence University
10906:Academy of Military Science
10687:Training and Administration
10169:Weapons of mass destruction
9492:Ministry of Public Security
9446:Central Military Commission
8402:"People's Armed Police Law"
7451:branches around the shield.
7411:Central Military Commission
7357:
5791:
5613:Ministry of Public Security
4913:
4847:on Afghan border, near the
4623:Ministry of Public Security
4591:Ministry of Public Security
4541:People's Armed Police Force
4506:were consolidated into the
4496:Ministry of Public Security
4416:Central Military Commission
4373:People's Armed Police Force
4214:Community of Common Destiny
4004:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
3874:Republic of China on Taiwan
3284:Ministry of Public Security
2605:Equipment Development Dept.
1772:Central Military Commission
716:Central Military Commission
363:Central Military Commission
304:Central Military Commission
233:Central Military Commission
34:People's Armed Police Force
10:
13163:
12076:Primary stage of socialism
12018:National People's Congress
11486:People's Republic of China
11008:Snow Leopard Commando Unit
10041:Re-education through labor
9578:Judicial Administrative PP
9487:Ministry of State Security
8803:Zi, Yang (24 March 2016).
8769:Blasko, Dennis J. (2012).
8602:Heath, Timothy R. (2018).
8183:Zi, Yang (22 March 2018).
7943:张, 海华 (29 December 2017).
7749:Blasko, Dennis J. (2006).
7190:Non-Commissioned Officers
7189:
6934:
6792:Non-Commissioned Officers
6791:
6422:
5697:Snow Leopard Commando Unit
5641:
5609:People's Republic of China
5596:
4480:
4435:People's Republic of China
4401:maritime rights protection
3869:Political status of Taiwan
3319:Ministry of State Security
3019:Public Prosecutions Office
2819:Military reform since 2015
2431:Deputy Secretaries-General
2201:Social Development Affairs
2082:National People's Congress
1620:Primary stage of socialism
1588:Admission Oath (Article 6)
1155:Current provincial leaders
1020:Ranks of the PLA Air Force
937:Snow Leopard Commando Unit
223:People's Republic of China
18:
13073:
13041:
12959:
12880:
12660:
12466:
12457:
12415:
12375:
12217:
12208:
12120:
11971:
11901:
11892:
11855:
11826:UNESCO Biosphere Reserves
11781:
11715:
11624:
11562:
11534:
11525:
11454:
11332:
11280:
11240:
11164:
11155:
11086:
11040:
10983:
10941:
10898:
10867:
10841:
10789:
10730:
10616:
10609:
10565:
10557:Information Support Force
10547:
10529:
10499:
10492:
10453:
10406:
10304:
10189:
10182:
10131:
10076:Holistic security concept
10071:Xinjiang internment camps
9894:
9840:Persecution of Falun Gong
9790:
9702:
9630:
9517:
9428:
9372:
9321:
8977:"Policing East Turkistan"
8498:Chatterji, Manas (2013).
7681:10.1007/s11417-008-9059-y
7522:
7497:
7347:
7340:
7334:
7327:
7321:
7314:
7308:
7301:
7295:
7288:
7282:
7275:
7269:
7262:
7253:
7246:
7239:
7232:
7225:
7218:
7211:
7197:
7192:
7171:
7165:
7160:
7154:
7149:
7143:
7138:
7132:
7127:
7121:
7116:
7110:
7105:
7099:
7094:
7088:
7083:
7077:
7072:
7066:
7061:
7055:
7050:
7044:
7035:
7028:
7021:
7014:
7007:
7000:
6993:
6986:
6979:
6972:
6965:
6958:
6945:
6940:
6937:
6909:
6902:
6896:
6889:
6883:
6876:
6870:
6863:
6857:
6850:
6841:
6834:
6827:
6820:
6813:
6799:
6794:
6771:
6764:
6757:
6750:
6743:
6736:
6729:
6722:
6715:
6708:
6701:
6694:
6687:
6677:
6671:
6666:
6660:
6655:
6649:
6644:
6638:
6633:
6627:
6622:
6616:
6611:
6605:
6600:
6594:
6589:
6583:
6578:
6572:
6567:
6561:
6556:
6550:
6545:
6539:
6530:
6523:
6516:
6509:
6502:
6495:
6488:
6481:
6474:
6467:
6460:
6453:
6446:
6433:
6428:
6425:
6391:
6384:
6377:
6370:
6363:
6356:
6349:
6342:
6335:
6323:
6316:
6309:
6302:
6295:
6288:
6281:
6274:
6267:
6222:Master sergeant 4th class
6215:Master Sergeant 3rd class
6208:Master Sergeant 2nd class
6201:Master Sergeant 1st class
5342:), with the exception of
5292:provincial level division
5236:1 Helicopter detachment (
5131:1 Helicopter detachment (
4770:
4659:after a falling out with
4422:uniforms, different from
4250:China–Caribbean relations
3834:Mainland & Macau CEPA
3533:China Radio International
3480:China Film Administration
2667:Strategic Planning Office
2397:Cabinet-level departments
1489:Intellectual property law
994:Military history of China
855:Information Support Force
681:
663:
656:
651:
647:
633:
619:
614:
596:
589:
584:
580:
566:
552:
547:
529:
522:
517:
513:
499:
485:
480:
462:
455:
450:
446:
432:
418:
414:
409:
396:
391:
368:
358:
323:
309:
299:
294:
273:
257:
238:
228:
218:
208:
198:(Operations jurisdiction)
192:
187:
179:
161:
156:
138:
106:("People's Armed Police")
99:
78:
73:Sleeve badge of the Force
66:
52:
38:
33:
13001:Catholic Church in China
12145:People's Liberation Army
12112:One country, two systems
10957:August First Film Studio
10480:Special operations units
10443:special operations units
10377:special operations units
10296:Special operations units
10125:People's Liberation Army
9852:Anti-corruption campaign
9612:State Secrets Protection
9451:People's Liberation Army
8704:South China Morning Post
8126:South China Morning Post
7409:) was determined by the
7390:
6935:General / flag officers
6423:General / flag officers
6187:Wu jing shang deng bing
4804:International operations
4469:such as the East German
4405:People's Liberation Army
4293:Administrative divisions
4074:Belt and Road Initiative
3771:Hong Kong SAR Government
3742:One country, two systems
3730:Hong Kong Liaison Office
3516:China Central Television
3026:Secretariat for Security
2702:People's Liberation Army
2443:most Central Enterprises
2186:Overseas Chinese Affairs
1625:Four Cardinal Principles
973:Northern Theater Command
963:Southern Theater Command
919:Special operations force
691:People's Liberation Army
635:Traditional Chinese
568:Traditional Chinese
501:Traditional Chinese
434:Traditional Chinese
274:Specialist jurisdictions
188:Jurisdictional structure
12833:Four Pillars of Destiny
12618:Regional discrimination
12040:Chinese Communist Party
10567:Joint Logistics Support
10463:Missile operation units
9527:Supervisory Commissions
9168:Issue; V6N2; Volume 6.
7447:branches alongside the
6408:Type 55 PSF-PLA uniform
6403:Historical rank systems
5465:: 2 Mobile Detachments.
5459:: 2 Mobile Detachments;
5453:: 3 Mobile Detachments;
5447:: 3 Mobile Detachments;
5441:: 4 Mobile Detachments;
5435:: 4 Mobile Detachments;
5429:: 7 Mobile Detachments;
4786:Snow Wolf Commando Unit
4645:Chinese Communist Party
4516:Party and State leaders
4475:Chinese Communist Party
4265:China–Pacific relations
4144:Chinese nationality law
3036:Unitary Police Services
2693:National armed forces:
2109:Council of Chairpersons
1965:Organization Department
1697:National Party Congress
1402:Socialist law tradition
1279:Organization Department
1002:Military ranks of China
978:Central Theater Command
968:Western Theater Command
958:Eastern Theater Command
621:Simplified Chinese
554:Simplified Chinese
537:Rénmín Wǔzhuāng Jǐngchá
487:Simplified Chinese
420:Simplified Chinese
382:PAP Coastal Guard Corps
239:Constituting instrument
209:Operations jurisdiction
47:(since 10 January 2018)
12586:Science and technology
12259:Special economic zones
11511:persecution of Uyghurs
11439:Century of humiliation
10722:Offices Administration
10001:Judiciary of Hong Kong
9816:Anti-Rightist Campaign
9739:Public Security Police
9727:Unitary Police Service
9650:PLA Hong Kong Garrison
8643:Carnegie Moscow Center
8219:Ni, Wei (2018-04-06).
8152:"国防部新闻发言人吴谦就武警部队旗寓意答问"
8065:The Maritime Executive
7947:. 中国军网. Archived from
7541:'Armed Police'
7415:Public Security system
5282:government officials.
5055:9 mobile detachments (
4766:
4754:Mission and operations
4683:Organizational changes
4614:
4407:(PLA) during wartime.
4270:China–Russia relations
4240:China–Africa relations
4069:China Development Bank
4045:Foreign aid from China
3886:"Taiwan Province", PRC
3854:Cross-Strait relations
3847:Cross-Strait relations
3800:Mainland & HK CEPA
3241:People's organizations
3048:Public Security Police
2997:Hong Kong Police Force
2958:Judiciary of Hong Kong
2909:Supreme People's Court
2814:Military modernization
2592:Logistic Support Dept.
1325:Previous constitutions
1198:Communist Party leader
1093:Leadership generations
702:
167:; 42 years ago
28:Law enforcement agency
13122:People's Armed Police
12793:Four Great Inventions
12177:People's Armed Police
10993:People's Armed Police
10890:Type 97 Service Dress
10875:Xingkong (camouflage)
10697:Discipline Inspection
10675:Equipment Development
9773:Macau Customs Service
9595:People's Armed Police
9507:Taiwan Affairs Office
9315:People's Armed Police
9143:The National Interest
7803:People's Daily Online
7206:People's Armed Police
6954:People's Armed Police
6808:People's Armed Police
5478:colleges under them.
5294:, an IGC Contingent (
5140:2nd Mobile Contingent
5031:1st Mobile Contingent
4761:
4721:People's Armed Police
4697:China Fire and Rescue
4638:CCP central committee
4608:
4531:Public Security Corps
4527:Public Security Force
4447:Public Security Corps
3942:Taiwan Affairs Office
3793:Independence movement
3778:Politics of Hong Kong
3014:Court of Final Appeal
2975:Prosecutions Division
2970:Department of Justice
2963:Court of Final Appeal
2719:People's Armed Police
2412:National Audit Office
2043:Provincial committee
1274:Collective leadership
1269:Democratic centralism
1150:Current state leaders
1105:Hu–Wen Administration
1015:Ranks of the PLA Navy
886:People's Armed Police
708:Executive departments
701:
481:People's Armed Police
295:Operational structure
61:(since 1 August 2021)
12772:World Heritage Sites
12300:Foreign aid received
12008:Environmental policy
11806:Environmental policy
11801:Environmental issues
11003:Special police units
10921:Army Command College
10885:Type 99 (camouflage)
9763:Fire Services Bureau
9722:Macau Security Force
8469:"Armed Police Force"
7985:Guo, Xuezhi (2012).
7600:"解放军军旗、军徽和武警部队旗、徽简史"
7598:China Military Web.
7430:the PAP cap insignia
5638:Special police units
5547:Border Defense Corps
5248:Internal Guard Corps
4790:Special Police Units
4437:in 1949. During the
4410:Unlike the civilian
4245:China–Arab relations
4177:Visa policy of China
4096:New Development Bank
4059:Ministry of Commerce
3822:Macau SAR Government
3735:Macau Liaison Office
3528:China National Radio
3211:Historical parties:
3031:Macau Security Force
2579:Political Work Dept.
2217:State representative
2161:Constitution and Law
1946:Central Guard Bureau
1615:Deng Xiaoping Theory
1392:Chinese legal system
1207:State representative
1169:Orders of precedence
1132:20th Party Politburo
1111:Xi–Li Administration
13147:Paramilitary police
13018:History of religion
13013:Freedom of religion
12868:Four Pests campaign
12813:Four Classic Novels
12425:Automotive industry
12305:Foreign aid program
11996:Pro-democratisation
11491:Cultural Revolution
10975:Defense White Paper
10680:Manned Space Agency
10648:Intelligence Bureau
10549:Information Support
9986:Internet censorship
9240:eng.chinamil.com.cn
8878:. 7 December 2019.
8221:"武警改革的出与进：八大警种瘦身健体"
7885:Chu, Fang. (1998).
7809:on 28 December 2017
7617:– via QQ.com.
7417:, the PAP used the
7193:Enlisted personnel
6795:Enlisted personnel
4974:Mobile organization
4788:(SWCU) and various
4695:and reorganized as
4649:Wang Lijun incident
4585:Up until 2013, the
4514:(PSF) to guard the
4023:Diplomatic missions
3995:Secretary-General:
3913:Chinese unification
3757:Hong Kong Basic Law
3627:Internet censorship
3585:Censorship in China
3342:Ministry of Justice
2868:Corruption in China
2240:Presidential Office
1879:Secretary-General:
1762:Central Secretariat
1663:Four Comprehensives
1467:Labour Contract Law
1397:Civil law tradition
1234:Conference Chairman
1123:4th Leadership Core
1098:Succession of power
737:Chairman of the CMC
343:Political Commissar
12925:Population history
12905:Internal migration
12520:Harmonious Society
12395:Telecommunications
12352:Standard of living
12271:Online advertising
12023:Standing Committee
10702:Strategic Planning
10521:Deep Space Network
10031:Political offences
10006:Judiciary of Macau
9917:Capital punishment
9864:Operation Fox Hunt
9712:PLA Macau Garrison
9537:Public Security PP
9313:Commanders of the
8846:www.lecamps.org.cn
8587:has generic name (
8433:The New York Times
8027:The New York Times
7112:Lieutenant colonel
7090:Colonel commandant
7068:Lieutenant general
6607:Lieutenant colonel
6585:Colonel commandant
6563:Lieutenant general
6265:Shoulder Insignia
6197:Usual Translation
6177:Wu jing zhong shi
6172:Wu jing shang shi
5974:Shoulder Insignia
5931:Lieutenant colonel
5903:Lieutenant general
5892:Usual Translation
5783:Ranks and insignia
5481:A PAP Detachment (
5001:corps leader grade
4887:Lieutenant general
4784:(CT) units in the
4767:
4615:
4477:(CCP) leadership.
4455:French Gendarmerie
4064:Exim Bank of China
3898:Anti-Secession Law
3788:Pro-democracy camp
3554:China News Service
3540:Xinhua News Agency
3094:National Committee
3009:Judiciary of Macau
2938:Procurator-General
2151:Special Committees
2099:Standing Committee
2057:Deputy secretaries
2047:Standing committee
1990:Standing Committee
1951:Central Guard Unit
1749:Standing Committee
1653:Xi Jinping Thought
1610:Mao Zedong Thought
1526:Capital punishment
1504:Administrative law
1243:Commander-in-chief
1216:Head of government
1141:14th State Council
950:Military districts
703:
548:China Armed Police
219:Legal jurisdiction
59:Badge of the Force
13109:
13108:
13069:
13068:
12876:
12875:
12453:
12452:
12440:Shipping industry
12204:
12203:
12170:Strategic Support
12045:General Secretary
12030:National security
12013:Foreign relations
11967:
11966:
11888:
11887:
11851:
11850:
11554:Natural disasters
11521:
11520:
11474:Chinese Civil War
11469:Republic of China
11444:Taiping Rebellion
11317:Spring and Autumn
11222:Foreign relations
11111:
11110:
11073:Poly Technologies
10998:China Coast Guard
10837:
10836:
10605:
10604:
10488:
10487:
10343:aircraft carriers
10084:
10083:
10016:Life imprisonment
9743:Migration Service
9573:State Security PP
9417:National security
9383:
9382:
8673:www.xinhuanet.com
7945:"武警部队历史沿革 - 中国军网"
7799:"毛泽东关心武警部队早期建设纪事"
7539:
7355:
7354:
7329:Private 1st class
7178:
7177:
7156:Second lieutenant
6917:
6916:
6891:Private 1st class
6780:
6779:
6662:Second lieutenant
6640:Senior lieutenant
6400:
6399:
6250:Private 1st class
6192:Wu jing lie bing
6137:
6136:
5621:China Coast Guard
5605:China Coast Guard
5599:China Coast Guard
5593:China Coast Guard
5501:prefectural level
5372:
4782:counter-terrorism
4587:China Coast Guard
4565:general secretary
4504:Fourth Field Army
4393:disaster response
4389:counter-terrorism
4381:internal security
4369:
4368:
4308:Ethnic minorities
4209:Beijing Consensus
4149:Chinese passports
3989:Deputy Director:
3972:Foreign relations
3859:Chinese Civil War
3829:Politics of Macau
3622:Internet in China
3511:China Media Group
3450:Deputy Director:
3387:Urban Management
3136:Political parties
3123:Secretary-General
3110:Vice-Chairpersons
2844:Supervisory organ
2729:China Coast Guard
2563:Joint Staff Dept.
2474:supreme commander
2426:Secretary-General
2385:Secretary-General
2139:Secretary-General
2125:Vice-Chairpersons
1902:Deputy Director:
1857:Deputy Directors:
1738:Central Politburo
1718:General Secretary
1707:Central Committee
1567:Principal leaders
1225:Congress Chairman
1117:Xi Administration
1113:(2012–2017)
1107:(2002–2012)
1063:Politics of China
1056:
1055:
896:China Coast Guard
685:
684:
677:
676:
658:Standard Mandarin
610:
609:
591:Standard Mandarin
543:
542:
524:Standard Mandarin
476:
475:
457:Standard Mandarin
405:
404:
324:Agency executives
165:19 June 1982
45:Flag of the Force
13154:
13089:
13082:
12979:Tibetan Buddhism
12974:Chinese Buddhism
12828:Four Holy Beasts
12778:
12777:
12630:Social relations
12559:Standard Chinese
12554:Chinese language
12464:
12463:
12249:Economic history
12215:
12214:
12194:Maritime Militia
11903:
11902:
11899:
11898:
11870:Border crossings
11865:Baseline islands
11560:
11559:
11532:
11531:
11496:Tiananmen Square
11379:Sixteen Kingdoms
11187:Military history
11162:
11161:
11138:
11131:
11124:
11115:
11114:
11025:Maritime Militia
10790:Military regions
10670:Logistic Support
10618:Central Military
10614:
10613:
10539:Cyberspace Force
10497:
10496:
10476:
10292:
10284:Chemical defense
10280:
10256:
10244:
10232:
10220:
10187:
10186:
10123:
10122:
10111:
10104:
10097:
10088:
10087:
10061:Two-faced person
9828:Shadian incident
9781:
9757:
9735:
9617:Cyberspace Admin
9461:Maritime Militia
9410:
9403:
9396:
9387:
9386:
9378:
9307:
9300:
9293:
9284:
9283:
9279:
9274:
9273:
9271:Official website
9256:
9255:
9253:
9251:
9231:
9225:
9224:
9222:
9220:
9200:
9194:
9193:
9187:
9179:
9177:
9176:
9165:
9159:
9158:
9156:
9154:
9134:
9123:
9122:
9120:
9118:
9098:
9092:
9091:
9089:
9087:
9067:
9061:
9060:
9058:
9056:
9050:
9040:
9034:
9033:
9031:
9029:
9009:
9003:
9002:
9000:
8998:
8992:
8981:
8972:
8966:
8965:
8963:
8961:
8952:. 13 June 2017.
8942:
8923:
8922:
8920:
8918:
8898:
8892:
8891:
8889:
8887:
8868:
8862:
8861:
8859:
8857:
8838:
8829:
8828:
8826:
8824:
8800:
8794:
8793:
8791:
8789:
8766:
8760:
8759:
8757:
8755:
8735:
8720:
8719:
8717:
8715:
8695:
8689:
8688:
8686:
8684:
8679:on July 24, 2019
8665:
8659:
8658:
8656:
8654:
8634:
8628:
8627:
8625:
8623:
8617:
8610:
8599:
8593:
8592:
8586:
8582:
8580:
8572:
8570:
8568:
8562:
8555:
8543:
8528:
8527:
8525:
8523:
8495:
8489:
8488:
8486:
8484:
8465:
8456:
8455:
8453:
8452:
8424:
8418:
8417:
8415:
8413:
8398:
8392:
8385:
8379:
8378:
8372:
8364:
8362:
8360:
8335:
8320:
8319:
8317:
8315:
8309:
8302:
8291:
8240:
8239:
8237:
8236:
8225:The Beijing News
8216:
8205:
8204:
8202:
8200:
8180:
8171:
8170:
8168:
8167:
8148:
8142:
8141:
8139:
8137:
8117:
8111:
8110:
8108:
8106:
8086:
8080:
8079:
8077:
8076:
8057:
8051:
8050:
8048:
8046:
8018:
8009:
8008:
7982:
7961:
7960:
7958:
7956:
7940:
7934:
7933:
7931:
7929:
7915:
7909:
7908:
7882:
7876:
7875:
7843:
7837:
7834:
7828:
7825:
7819:
7818:
7816:
7814:
7805:. Archived from
7794:
7773:
7772:
7746:
7733:
7732:
7730:
7729:
7710:
7701:
7700:
7664:
7643:
7642:
7640:
7639:
7625:
7619:
7618:
7616:
7615:
7595:
7589:
7588:
7586:
7585:
7559:
7542:
7540:
7537:
7533:
7524:
7516:
7510:
7508:
7499:
7491:
7485:
7483:
7474:
7458:
7452:
7427:
7408:
7407:
7401:
7374:
7369:
7368:
7367:
7350:
7349:
7337:
7336:
7324:
7323:
7311:
7310:
7298:
7297:
7285:
7284:
7272:
7271:
7258:
7251:
7244:
7237:
7230:
7223:
7216:
7205:
7204:
7203:
7185:
7184:
7174:
7173:
7163:
7162:
7152:
7151:
7145:First lieutenant
7141:
7140:
7130:
7129:
7119:
7118:
7108:
7107:
7097:
7096:
7086:
7085:
7075:
7074:
7064:
7063:
7053:
7052:
7040:
7033:
7026:
7019:
7012:
7005:
6998:
6991:
6984:
6977:
6970:
6963:
6953:
6952:
6951:
6941:Junior officers
6938:Senior officers
6929:
6928:
6912:
6911:
6899:
6898:
6886:
6885:
6873:
6872:
6860:
6859:
6846:
6839:
6832:
6825:
6818:
6807:
6806:
6805:
6787:
6786:
6776:
6769:
6762:
6755:
6748:
6741:
6734:
6727:
6720:
6713:
6706:
6699:
6692:
6680:
6679:
6669:
6668:
6658:
6657:
6651:First lieutenant
6647:
6646:
6636:
6635:
6625:
6624:
6614:
6613:
6603:
6602:
6592:
6591:
6581:
6580:
6570:
6569:
6559:
6558:
6548:
6547:
6535:
6528:
6521:
6514:
6507:
6500:
6493:
6486:
6479:
6472:
6465:
6458:
6451:
6441:
6440:
6439:
6429:Junior officers
6426:Senior officers
6417:
6416:
6396:
6389:
6382:
6375:
6368:
6361:
6354:
6347:
6340:
6333:Collar Insignia
6328:
6321:
6314:
6307:
6300:
6293:
6286:
6279:
6272:
6182:Wu jing xia shi
6144:
6133:
6126:
6119:
6112:
6105:
6098:
6091:
6084:
6077:
6070:
6063:
6056:Collar Insignia
6051:
6044:
6037:
6030:
6023:
6016:
6009:
6002:
5995:
5988:
5981:
5796:
5687:
5678:
5567:
5558:
5541:
5532:
5519:
5510:
5497:
5488:
5420:
5411:
5398:
5389:
5373:
5370:
5366:
5357:
5340:
5331:
5310:
5301:
5286:Provincial level
5276:
5267:
5019:
5010:
4997:
4988:
4772:
4601:2017–2018 Reform
4426:uniforms of the
4420:dark olive green
4361:
4354:
4347:
4326:China portal
4324:
4323:
4322:
3783:Pro-Beijing camp
3766:John Lee Ka-chiu
3423:Deputy Leaders:
3373:
3061:
3053:Judiciary Police
3044:
2802:Military history
2727:
2717:
2707:Theater commands
2700:
2538:
2531:
2524:
2506:
2499:
2375:
2368:
2361:
2350:State Councilors
2341:
2334:
2327:
2320:
2284:Li Qiang Cabinet
2145:
1875:
1869:
1863:
1725:
1632:Three Represents
1605:Marxism–Leninism
1531:Capital offences
1421:List of statutes
1176:Paramount leader
1164:National leaders
1074:
1058:
1057:
1048:
1041:
1034:
911:Maritime Militia
904:
894:
884:
863:
853:
845:Cyberspace Force
843:
833:
812:
811:
810:
800:
798:
797:
787:
785:
784:
774:
772:
771:
687:
686:
673:
672:
649:
648:
643:
642:
629:
628:
606:
605:
582:
581:
576:
575:
562:
561:
539:
538:
515:
514:
509:
508:
495:
494:
472:
471:
448:
447:
442:
441:
428:
427:
407:
406:
401:
384:: 1 x contingent
351:, Chief of Staff
314:Haidian District
249:
248:
247:《中华人民共和国人民武装警察法》
199:
175:
173:
168:
150:Serve the People
146:
145:
128:
123:
93:
87:
86:
79:Common name
71:
57:
43:
31:
30:
13162:
13161:
13157:
13156:
13155:
13153:
13152:
13151:
13112:
13111:
13110:
13105:
13092:
13085:
13078:
13065:
13037:
12955:
12915:Life expectancy
12872:
12776:
12656:
12576:Public holidays
12564:Written Chinese
12549:Intellectualism
12501:Sex trafficking
12449:
12411:
12371:
12200:
12116:
11963:
11954:Nationality law
11937:Law enforcement
11915:Judicial system
11884:
11847:
11821:Nature reserves
11811:Protected areas
11777:
11748:Water resources
11711:
11620:
11558:
11517:
11501:Economic reform
11464:1911 Revolution
11450:
11414:Jin (1115–1234)
11328:
11276:
11236:
11151:
11142:
11112:
11107:
11091:Armed conflicts
11082:
11036:
10979:
10937:
10894:
10863:
10833:
10791:
10785:
10733:
10726:
10619:
10601:
10561:
10543:
10525:
10509:Astronaut Corps
10484:
10470:
10449:
10402:
10383:
10355:Coastal Defense
10328:
10300:
10286:
10274:
10250:
10238:
10226:
10214:
10208:
10178:
10127:
10117:
10115:
10085:
10080:
9996:Judicial system
9890:
9786:
9775:
9751:
9749:Judicial Police
9729:
9698:
9626:
9554:Internet police
9532:People's Police
9513:
9424:
9421:law enforcement
9414:
9384:
9379:
9370:
9317:
9311:
9269:
9268:
9265:
9260:
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9135:
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9076:Hindustan Times
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8448:
8425:
8421:
8411:
8409:
8408:. 17 April 2020
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7626:
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7611:
7596:
7592:
7583:
7581:
7563:"武警部队徽将于8月1日启用"
7561:
7560:
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7551:
7546:
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7517:
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7488:
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7439:badge by using
7437:People's Police
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7402:
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7393:
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7365:
7363:
7360:
7344:
7331:
7318:
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7292:
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7277:Master sergeant
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7057:Colonel general
7048:
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6947:
6922:
6906:
6893:
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6675:
6673:Warrant officer
6664:
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6598:
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6552:Colonel general
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5731:Service sidearm
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5288:
5250:
5142:
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4916:
4861:
4849:Wakhan Corridor
4806:
4756:
4717:
4685:
4603:
4543:
4492:
4483:
4459:Internal Troops
4412:People's Police
4397:law enforcement
4365:
4336:
4332:Other countries
4320:
4318:
4313:
4312:
4303:Family planning
4288:
4280:
4279:
4236:
4218:
4204:Panda diplomacy
4195:
4140:
4117:
4102:
4041:
4029:
3974:
3964:
3963:
3933:Deputy Leader:
3919:
3849:
3839:
3838:
3813:Chief Executive
3808:Macao Basic Law
3804:
3762:Chief Executive
3753:
3699:
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3246:
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3204:
3106:
3084:
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3005:
2987:Security Bureau
2954:
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2903:
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2901:Judicial organs
2897:
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2809:Armed conflicts
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2271:Executive organ
2267:
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2181:Foreign Affairs
2137:
2121:
2089:
2074:
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2040:
1914:
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1640:
1596:
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1581:
1555:
1553:Communist Party
1545:
1544:
1517:
1500:
1427:
1415:Legislation Law
1388:
1358:
1347:
1315:
1314:
1294:
1293:
1258:Related systems
1192:
1088:
1065:
1052:
873:Domestic troops
835:Aerospace Force
808:
806:
795:
793:
782:
780:
769:
767:
604:Zhōngguó Wǔjǐng
399:chinamil.com.cn
397:
387:
354:
290:
269:
253:
197:
196:
194:National agency
171:
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157:Agency overview
147:
114:
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107:
74:
62:
60:
48:
46:
29:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
13160:
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12798:Four Gentlemen
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12781:Fours of China
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12430:Civil aviation
12427:
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12392:
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12376:Infrastructure
12373:
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12364:
12359:
12354:
12349:
12344:
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12337:
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12330:Semiconductors
12327:
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12310:Historical GDP
12307:
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12088:Vice President
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11796:Climate policy
11793:
11791:Climate change
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11544:Extreme points
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11352:Three Kingdoms
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11322:Warring States
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11182:Historiography
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10709:
10704:
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10694:
10689:
10684:
10683:
10682:
10672:
10667:
10665:Political Work
10662:
10661:
10660:
10655:
10650:
10640:
10638:General Office
10635:
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10483:
10482:
10477:
10465:
10459:
10457:
10451:
10450:
10448:
10447:
10446:
10445:
10438:Airborne Corps
10435:
10430:
10429:
10428:
10423:
10412:
10410:
10404:
10403:
10401:
10400:
10395:
10390:
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10299:
10298:
10293:
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10269:
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10224:Armored forces
10221:
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10051:Soft detention
10048:
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10028:
10026:PLA Unit 61398
10023:
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9904:
9902:2011 crackdown
9898:
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9873:
9867:
9861:
9855:
9849:
9843:
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9810:Sufan movement
9807:
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9322:
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9309:
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9264:
9263:External links
9261:
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8380:
8321:
8241:
8206:
8172:
8143:
8112:
8081:
8067:. 2018-03-21.
8052:
8010:
7995:
7962:
7935:
7910:
7895:
7877:
7862:
7838:
7829:
7820:
7774:
7759:
7734:
7720:. 2009-08-27.
7702:
7675:(2): 107–128.
7644:
7633:eng.mod.gov.cn
7620:
7590:
7576:. 2021-07-29.
7553:
7552:
7550:
7547:
7544:
7543:
7511:
7507:Rénmín Jǐngchá
7486:
7453:
7395:
7394:
7392:
7389:
7388:
7387:
7382:
7376:
7375:
7359:
7356:
7353:
7352:
7339:
7326:
7313:
7300:
7290:Staff Sergeant
7287:
7274:
7264:Sergeant major
7260:
7259:
7252:
7245:
7238:
7231:
7224:
7217:
7210:
7195:
7194:
7191:
7188:
7183:
7182:
7176:
7175:
7164:
7153:
7142:
7131:
7120:
7109:
7098:
7087:
7076:
7065:
7054:
7042:
7041:
7034:
7027:
7020:
7013:
7006:
6999:
6992:
6985:
6978:
6971:
6964:
6957:
6943:
6942:
6939:
6936:
6933:
6927:
6926:
6921:
6918:
6915:
6914:
6901:
6888:
6875:
6862:
6852:Staff Sergeant
6848:
6847:
6840:
6833:
6826:
6819:
6812:
6797:
6796:
6793:
6790:
6785:
6784:
6778:
6777:
6770:
6763:
6756:
6749:
6742:
6735:
6728:
6721:
6714:
6707:
6700:
6693:
6686:
6682:
6681:
6670:
6659:
6648:
6637:
6626:
6615:
6604:
6593:
6582:
6571:
6560:
6549:
6537:
6536:
6529:
6522:
6515:
6508:
6501:
6494:
6487:
6480:
6473:
6466:
6459:
6452:
6445:
6431:
6430:
6427:
6424:
6421:
6415:
6414:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6401:
6398:
6397:
6390:
6383:
6376:
6369:
6362:
6355:
6348:
6341:
6334:
6330:
6329:
6322:
6315:
6308:
6301:
6294:
6287:
6280:
6273:
6266:
6262:
6261:
6254:
6247:
6240:
6233:
6229:Staff sergeant
6226:
6219:
6212:
6205:
6198:
6194:
6193:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6141:
6138:
6135:
6134:
6127:
6120:
6113:
6106:
6099:
6092:
6085:
6078:
6071:
6064:
6057:
6053:
6052:
6045:
6038:
6031:
6024:
6017:
6010:
6003:
5996:
5989:
5982:
5975:
5971:
5970:
5963:
5959:2nd lieutenant
5956:
5952:1st lieutenant
5949:
5942:
5935:
5928:
5921:
5917:Senior colonel
5914:
5907:
5900:
5893:
5889:
5888:
5880:
5872:
5864:
5856:
5848:
5840:
5832:
5824:
5816:
5808:
5800:
5793:
5790:
5784:
5781:
5780:
5779:
5772:
5769:
5764:
5763:
5757:Submachine gun
5754:
5737:
5722:
5719:
5714:
5713:Communications
5711:
5707:
5706:
5700:
5694:
5661:
5658:
5642:Main article:
5639:
5636:
5597:Main article:
5594:
5591:
5566:Biānfáng Bùdùi
5548:
5545:
5474:
5471:
5467:
5466:
5460:
5454:
5448:
5442:
5436:
5430:
5287:
5284:
5249:
5246:
5242:
5241:
5234:
5231:
5208:
5197:
5141:
5138:
5137:
5136:
5129:
5122:
5115:
5112:
5073:Inner Mongolia
5032:
5029:
4996:Jīdòng Zǒngduì
4975:
4972:
4966:
4963:
4949:
4946:
4939:
4938:
4935:
4932:
4929:
4926:
4923:
4915:
4912:
4908:
4907:
4904:
4901:
4898:
4897:
4896:
4893:
4883:
4882:
4881:
4878:
4860:
4857:
4805:
4802:
4771:中华人民共和国人民武装警察法
4755:
4752:
4751:
4750:
4747:
4740:
4737:
4734:
4731:
4728:
4716:
4713:
4684:
4681:
4602:
4599:
4542:
4539:
4508:Central Column
4491:
4488:
4482:
4479:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4363:
4356:
4349:
4341:
4338:
4337:
4335:
4334:
4328:
4315:
4314:
4311:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4289:
4287:Related topics
4286:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4278:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4235:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4217:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4194:
4193:
4188:
4174:
4160:
4146:
4139:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4116:
4115:
4114:
4113:
4101:
4100:
4099:
4098:
4088:
4083:
4082:
4081:
4079:Silk Road Fund
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4040:
4039:
4028:
4027:
4026:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3993:
3987:
3975:
3970:
3969:
3966:
3965:
3962:
3961:
3960:
3959:
3958:
3957:
3951:
3950:
3938:
3937:
3931:
3918:
3917:
3916:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3889:
3888:
3883:
3882:
3881:
3866:
3861:
3850:
3845:
3844:
3841:
3840:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3825:
3824:
3810:
3803:
3802:
3797:
3796:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3775:
3774:
3773:
3759:
3752:
3751:
3750:
3749:
3739:
3738:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3726:
3725:
3713:
3712:
3700:
3697:
3696:
3691:
3685:
3684:
3683:
3680:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3668:Zhuang Rongwen
3665:
3657:
3656:
3650:
3643:
3642:
3641:
3640:
3639:
3634:
3632:Great Firewall
3617:
3616:
3611:
3610:
3609:
3607:Internal media
3602:Media of China
3599:
3598:
3597:
3592:
3580:
3579:
3572:
3571:
3570:
3560:People's Daily
3556:
3551:
3550:
3549:
3546:Reference News
3537:
3536:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3524:
3523:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3497:
3496:
3495:
3494:
3482:
3477:
3471:
3470:
3464:
3457:
3456:
3455:
3449:
3447:
3441:
3434:
3433:
3432:
3422:
3420:
3414:
3406:
3401:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3382:
3381:
3376:
3375:
3374:
3361:
3360:
3355:
3346:
3339:
3338:
3337:
3332:
3323:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3309:
3303:
3302:
3297:
3288:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3273:
3266:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3253:
3252:
3251:
3248:
3247:
3244:
3243:
3238:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3212:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3161:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3133:
3132:
3131:
3130:
3129:
3120:
3119:
3118:
3107:
3098:
3085:
3080:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3071:
3070:
3069:
3068:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3064:
3063:
3062:
3050:
3023:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3004:
3003:
3002:
3001:
3000:
2999:
2984:
2979:
2978:
2977:
2967:
2966:
2965:
2953:
2952:
2951:
2950:
2945:
2936:
2929:
2928:
2927:
2922:
2913:
2900:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2893:
2886:
2885:
2878:
2877:
2876:
2875:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2860:
2843:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2816:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2798:
2797:
2796:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2774:
2767:
2766:
2765:
2756:
2749:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2739:
2738:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2691:
2690:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2653:
2652:
2650:Zhang Shengmin
2641:
2640:
2639:
2628:
2627:
2626:
2615:
2614:
2613:
2602:
2601:
2600:
2589:
2588:
2587:
2576:
2575:
2574:
2560:
2559:
2558:
2550:General Office
2544:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2536:Zhang Shengmin
2532:
2525:
2517:
2512:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2500:
2492:
2484:
2483:
2482:
2457:Military organ
2456:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2447:
2446:
2445:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2421:General Office
2418:
2417:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2393:
2392:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2379:
2377:
2376:
2369:
2362:
2354:
2347:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2342:
2335:
2328:
2321:
2313:
2301:
2288:
2270:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2263:
2256:Vice President
2254:
2252:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2248:
2224:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2207:
2206:
2205:
2204:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2156:Ethnic Affairs
2148:
2147:
2146:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2122:
2113:
2096:
2090:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2062:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2054:
2039:
2038:
2037:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2021:
2020:
2019:
2017:Zhang Shengmin
2008:
2007:
2006:
1977:
1976:
1975:
1974:
1973:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1955:
1954:
1953:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1929:
1928:
1920:General Office
1917:
1916:
1915:
1910:Office Chief:
1909:
1907:
1901:
1899:
1893:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1878:
1876:
1856:
1854:
1848:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1834:Office Chief:
1833:
1831:
1818:Vice-Chairman:
1817:
1815:
1809:
1802:
1801:
1800:
1787:
1785:
1776:
1769:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1747:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1672:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1650:
1649:
1648:
1643:
1636:
1634:
1629:
1628:
1627:
1622:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1592:
1590:
1573:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1556:
1551:
1550:
1547:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1516:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1499:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1486:
1485:
1484:
1472:
1471:
1470:
1463:
1451:
1444:
1436:
1426:
1425:
1424:
1423:
1418:
1406:
1405:
1404:
1399:
1387:
1386:
1385:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1329:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1307:
1301:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1249:
1240:
1231:
1222:
1213:
1204:
1195:
1194:
1193:
1184:
1172:
1171:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1138:
1129:
1114:
1108:
1101:
1100:
1095:
1089:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1067:
1066:
1061:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1050:
1043:
1036:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1004:
1003:
999:
998:
997:
996:
988:
987:
983:
982:
981:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
952:
951:
947:
946:
945:
944:
939:
934:
929:
921:
920:
916:
915:
914:
913:
908:
898:
888:
875:
874:
870:
869:
868:
867:
857:
847:
837:
824:
823:
819:
818:
817:
816:
804:
791:
778:
762:
761:
757:
756:
755:
754:
749:
744:
739:
731:
730:
726:
725:
724:
723:
718:
710:
709:
705:
704:
694:
693:
683:
682:
679:
678:
675:
674:
667:
661:
660:
654:
653:
652:Transcriptions
645:
644:
637:
631:
630:
623:
617:
616:
612:
611:
608:
607:
600:
594:
593:
587:
586:
585:Transcriptions
578:
577:
570:
564:
563:
556:
550:
549:
545:
544:
541:
540:
533:
527:
526:
520:
519:
518:Transcriptions
511:
510:
503:
497:
496:
489:
483:
482:
478:
477:
474:
473:
466:
460:
459:
453:
452:
451:Transcriptions
444:
443:
436:
430:
429:
422:
416:
415:
412:
411:
403:
402:
394:
393:
389:
388:
386:
385:
379:
376:
372:
370:
369:Child agencies
366:
365:
360:
356:
355:
353:
352:
345:
339:Zhang Hongbing
335:
327:
325:
321:
320:
311:
307:
306:
301:
297:
296:
292:
291:
289:
288:
285:
277:
275:
271:
270:
268:
267:
261:
259:
258:General nature
255:
254:
252:
251:
242:
240:
236:
235:
230:
229:Governing body
226:
225:
220:
216:
215:
210:
206:
205:
200:
190:
189:
185:
184:
181:
177:
176:
163:
159:
158:
154:
153:
140:
136:
135:
108:
101:
97:
96:
80:
76:
75:
72:
64:
63:
58:
50:
49:
44:
36:
35:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
13159:
13148:
13145:
13143:
13140:
13138:
13135:
13133:
13130:
13128:
13125:
13123:
13120:
13119:
13117:
13102:
13099:
13097:
13094:
13093:
13088:
13084:
13081:
13077:
13076:
13072:
13062:
13059:
13057:
13054:
13052:
13049:
13048:
13046:
13044:
13040:
13034:
13031:
13029:
13026:
13024:
13021:
13019:
13016:
13014:
13011:
13007:
13006:Protestantism
13004:
13002:
12999:
12998:
12997:
12994:
12992:
12991:Folk religion
12989:
12987:
12984:
12980:
12977:
12975:
12972:
12971:
12970:
12967:
12966:
12964:
12962:
12958:
12952:
12949:
12947:
12944:
12939:
12935:
12932:
12928:
12927:
12926:
12923:
12921:
12918:
12916:
12913:
12911:
12908:
12906:
12903:
12901:
12898:
12896:
12895:Ethnic groups
12893:
12891:
12888:
12887:
12885:
12883:
12879:
12869:
12866:
12864:
12861:
12859:
12856:
12854:
12851:
12849:
12846:
12844:
12841:
12839:
12836:
12834:
12831:
12829:
12826:
12824:
12821:
12819:
12816:
12814:
12811:
12809:
12808:Four Beauties
12806:
12804:
12801:
12799:
12796:
12794:
12791:
12789:
12786:
12785:
12783:
12779:
12773:
12770:
12768:
12765:
12763:
12760:
12758:
12755:
12753:
12750:
12748:
12745:
12743:
12740:
12738:
12735:
12733:
12730:
12728:
12725:
12723:
12720:
12716:
12713:
12712:
12711:
12708:
12706:
12703:
12701:
12698:
12696:
12693:
12691:
12688:
12686:
12683:
12681:
12678:
12676:
12673:
12671:
12668:
12667:
12665:
12663:
12659:
12653:
12650:
12648:
12647:Urban society
12645:
12643:
12640:
12636:
12633:
12632:
12631:
12628:
12624:
12621:
12619:
12616:
12614:
12611:
12609:
12606:
12605:
12604:
12603:Social issues
12601:
12599:
12596:
12592:
12589:
12588:
12587:
12584:
12582:
12581:Rural society
12579:
12577:
12574:
12572:
12569:
12565:
12562:
12560:
12557:
12556:
12555:
12552:
12550:
12547:
12543:
12540:
12536:
12533:
12532:
12531:
12528:
12527:
12526:
12523:
12521:
12518:
12514:
12511:
12510:
12509:
12506:
12502:
12499:
12497:
12494:
12492:
12489:
12488:
12487:
12484:
12482:
12481:Chinese Dream
12479:
12477:
12474:
12472:
12469:
12468:
12465:
12462:
12460:
12456:
12446:
12445:Space program
12443:
12441:
12438:
12436:
12433:
12431:
12428:
12426:
12423:
12422:
12420:
12418:
12414:
12408:
12405:
12401:
12398:
12397:
12396:
12393:
12389:
12386:
12385:
12384:
12381:
12380:
12378:
12374:
12368:
12365:
12363:
12360:
12358:
12355:
12353:
12350:
12348:
12345:
12341:
12338:
12336:
12333:
12331:
12328:
12326:
12323:
12321:
12318:
12317:
12316:
12313:
12311:
12308:
12306:
12303:
12301:
12298:
12294:
12291:
12289:
12286:
12284:
12281:
12280:
12279:
12276:
12272:
12269:
12268:
12267:
12264:
12260:
12257:
12255:
12252:
12251:
12250:
12247:
12245:
12242:
12238:
12235:
12234:
12233:
12230:
12228:
12225:
12223:
12220:
12219:
12216:
12213:
12211:
12207:
12195:
12192:
12191:
12190:
12187:
12183:
12180:
12179:
12178:
12175:
12171:
12168:
12166:
12163:
12161:
12158:
12156:
12153:
12151:
12148:
12147:
12146:
12143:
12141:
12138:
12136:
12133:
12131:
12128:
12127:
12125:
12123:
12119:
12113:
12110:
12106:
12103:
12101:
12098:
12097:
12096:
12095:State Council
12093:
12089:
12086:
12085:
12084:
12081:
12077:
12074:
12073:
12072:
12069:
12063:
12060:
12059:
12058:
12055:
12051:
12048:
12046:
12043:
12042:
12041:
12038:
12037:
12036:
12033:
12031:
12028:
12024:
12021:
12020:
12019:
12016:
12014:
12011:
12009:
12006:
12004:
12001:
11997:
11994:
11993:
11992:
11989:
11987:
11984:
11982:
11981:Civil service
11979:
11978:
11976:
11974:
11970:
11960:
11957:
11955:
11952:
11950:
11947:
11943:
11940:
11939:
11938:
11935:
11931:
11928:
11926:
11923:
11922:
11921:
11918:
11916:
11913:
11912:
11910:
11908:
11904:
11900:
11897:
11895:
11891:
11881:
11878:
11876:
11873:
11871:
11868:
11866:
11863:
11862:
11860:
11858:
11854:
11842:
11839:
11837:
11834:
11833:
11832:
11829:
11827:
11824:
11822:
11819:
11817:
11814:
11812:
11809:
11807:
11804:
11802:
11799:
11797:
11794:
11792:
11789:
11788:
11786:
11784:
11780:
11772:
11769:
11767:
11764:
11762:
11759:
11757:
11754:
11753:
11751:
11749:
11746:
11744:
11741:
11739:
11736:
11734:
11731:
11729:
11726:
11724:
11721:
11720:
11718:
11714:
11708:
11705:
11703:
11700:
11698:
11694:
11690:
11687:
11685:
11682:
11678:
11675:
11673:
11670:
11669:
11668:
11665:
11663:
11660:
11658:
11655:
11653:
11650:
11648:
11645:
11643:
11640:
11638:
11635:
11633:
11630:
11629:
11627:
11623:
11615:
11612:
11610:
11607:
11606:
11605:
11602:
11598:
11595:
11593:
11590:
11589:
11588:
11587:South Central
11585:
11583:
11580:
11578:
11575:
11573:
11570:
11569:
11567:
11565:
11561:
11555:
11552:
11550:
11547:
11545:
11542:
11540:
11537:
11536:
11533:
11530:
11528:
11524:
11512:
11509:
11507:
11504:
11502:
11499:
11497:
11494:
11492:
11489:
11488:
11487:
11484:
11480:
11477:
11475:
11472:
11471:
11470:
11467:
11465:
11462:
11461:
11459:
11457:
11453:
11445:
11442:
11440:
11437:
11435:
11432:
11431:
11430:
11427:
11425:
11422:
11420:
11417:
11415:
11412:
11410:
11407:
11405:
11402:
11400:
11397:
11395:
11392:
11390:
11387:
11385:
11382:
11380:
11377:
11375:
11374:Jin (266–420)
11372:
11368:
11365:
11363:
11360:
11358:
11355:
11354:
11353:
11350:
11348:
11345:
11343:
11340:
11339:
11337:
11335:
11331:
11323:
11320:
11318:
11315:
11313:
11310:
11309:
11308:
11305:
11301:
11298:
11297:
11296:
11293:
11291:
11288:
11287:
11285:
11283:
11279:
11271:
11268:
11266:
11263:
11261:
11258:
11257:
11256:
11253:
11251:
11248:
11247:
11245:
11243:
11239:
11233:
11230:
11228:
11225:
11223:
11220:
11218:
11217:Ethnic groups
11215:
11211:
11208:
11206:
11203:
11201:
11198:
11197:
11195:
11193:
11190:
11188:
11185:
11183:
11180:
11178:
11175:
11173:
11170:
11169:
11167:
11163:
11160:
11158:
11154:
11150:
11146:
11139:
11134:
11132:
11127:
11125:
11120:
11119:
11116:
11104:
11101:
11097:
11094:
11093:
11092:
11089:
11088:
11085:
11079:
11076:
11074:
11071:
11069:
11066:
11064:
11061:
11059:
11056:
11054:
11051:
11049:
11046:
11045:
11043:
11039:
11033:
11030:
11026:
11023:
11022:
11021:
11018:
11014:
11011:
11009:
11006:
11004:
11001:
10999:
10996:
10995:
10994:
10991:
10990:
10988:
10986:
10982:
10976:
10973:
10971:
10968:
10966:
10965:
10961:
10959:
10958:
10954:
10952:
10951:
10947:
10946:
10944:
10940:
10934:
10931:
10930:
10927:
10924:
10922:
10919:
10917:
10914:
10912:
10909:
10907:
10904:
10903:
10901:
10897:
10891:
10888:
10886:
10883:
10881:
10878:
10876:
10873:
10872:
10870:
10866:
10860:
10857:
10855:
10852:
10850:
10847:
10846:
10844:
10840:
10830:
10827:
10825:
10822:
10820:
10817:
10815:
10812:
10810:
10807:
10805:
10802:
10800:
10797:
10796:
10794:
10788:
10782:
10779:
10777:
10774:
10770:
10767:
10766:
10765:
10762:
10758:
10755:
10753:
10750:
10749:
10748:
10745:
10743:
10740:
10739:
10737:
10735:
10729:
10723:
10720:
10718:
10715:
10713:
10710:
10708:
10705:
10703:
10700:
10698:
10695:
10693:
10690:
10688:
10685:
10681:
10678:
10677:
10676:
10673:
10671:
10668:
10666:
10663:
10659:
10656:
10654:
10651:
10649:
10646:
10645:
10644:
10641:
10639:
10636:
10634:
10633:Vice-Chairmen
10631:
10629:
10626:
10625:
10623:
10621:
10615:
10612:
10608:
10598:
10594:
10590:
10586:
10582:
10578:
10576:
10573:
10572:
10570:
10568:
10564:
10558:
10555:
10554:
10552:
10550:
10546:
10540:
10537:
10536:
10534:
10532:
10528:
10522:
10519:
10515:
10512:
10511:
10510:
10507:
10506:
10504:
10502:
10498:
10495:
10491:
10481:
10478:
10474:
10469:
10466:
10464:
10461:
10460:
10458:
10456:
10452:
10444:
10441:
10440:
10439:
10436:
10434:
10431:
10427:
10424:
10422:
10419:
10418:
10417:
10414:
10413:
10411:
10409:
10405:
10399:
10396:
10394:
10391:
10389:
10385:
10384:
10378:
10375:
10374:
10373:
10370:
10366:
10363:
10362:
10361:
10358:
10356:
10353:
10351:
10348:
10344:
10341:
10339:
10336:
10335:
10334:
10330:
10329:
10325:
10322:
10320:
10317:
10315:
10312:
10311:
10309:
10307:
10303:
10297:
10294:
10290:
10285:
10282:
10278:
10273:
10270:
10266:
10263:
10262:
10261:
10258:
10254:
10249:
10246:
10242:
10237:
10234:
10230:
10225:
10222:
10218:
10213:
10210:
10209:
10205:
10202:
10200:
10197:
10196:
10194:
10192:
10188:
10185:
10181:
10175:
10172:
10170:
10167:
10165:
10162:
10160:
10157:
10155:
10152:
10150:
10147:
10145:
10144:Modernization
10142:
10140:
10137:
10136:
10134:
10130:
10126:
10121:
10112:
10107:
10105:
10100:
10098:
10093:
10092:
10089:
10077:
10074:
10072:
10069:
10067:
10064:
10062:
10059:
10057:
10054:
10052:
10049:
10047:
10044:
10042:
10039:
10037:
10034:
10032:
10029:
10027:
10024:
10022:
10019:
10017:
10014:
10012:
10009:
10007:
10004:
10002:
9999:
9997:
9994:
9992:
9989:
9987:
9984:
9980:
9977:
9975:
9972:
9970:
9967:
9966:
9965:
9962:
9958:
9955:
9954:
9953:
9950:
9948:
9945:
9943:
9940:
9938:
9935:
9933:
9930:
9928:
9925:
9923:
9920:
9918:
9915:
9913:
9910:
9908:
9905:
9903:
9900:
9899:
9897:
9893:
9887:
9886:United States
9884:
9882:
9879:
9877:
9874:
9871:
9870:709 crackdown
9868:
9865:
9862:
9859:
9856:
9853:
9850:
9847:
9844:
9841:
9838:
9835:
9832:
9829:
9826:
9823:
9820:
9817:
9814:
9811:
9808:
9805:
9802:
9799:
9796:
9795:
9793:
9789:
9779:
9774:
9771:
9769:
9766:
9764:
9761:
9755:
9750:
9747:
9744:
9740:
9737:
9736:
9733:
9728:
9725:
9724:
9723:
9720:
9718:
9715:
9713:
9710:
9709:
9707:
9705:
9701:
9693:
9690:
9688:
9685:
9683:
9680:
9678:
9675:
9671:
9668:
9667:
9666:
9663:
9662:
9661:
9658:
9656:
9653:
9651:
9648:
9646:
9643:
9641:
9638:
9637:
9635:
9633:
9629:
9623:
9620:
9618:
9615:
9613:
9610:
9608:
9605:
9601:
9598:
9597:
9596:
9593:
9589:
9586:
9584:
9581:
9579:
9576:
9574:
9571:
9565:
9562:
9561:
9560:
9557:
9555:
9552:
9548:
9545:
9544:
9543:
9540:
9539:
9538:
9535:
9534:
9533:
9530:
9528:
9525:
9524:
9522:
9520:
9516:
9508:
9505:
9503:
9500:
9498:
9495:
9493:
9490:
9488:
9485:
9484:
9483:
9482:State Council
9480:
9476:
9473:
9469:
9466:
9462:
9459:
9458:
9457:
9454:
9452:
9449:
9448:
9447:
9444:
9442:
9439:
9438:
9437:
9434:
9433:
9431:
9427:
9422:
9418:
9411:
9406:
9404:
9399:
9397:
9392:
9391:
9388:
9377:
9367:
9366:Wang Chunning
9364:
9362:
9359:
9357:
9356:Wang Jianping
9354:
9352:
9351:Wu Shuangzhan
9349:
9347:
9344:
9342:
9339:
9337:
9334:
9332:
9329:
9327:
9324:
9323:
9320:
9316:
9308:
9303:
9301:
9296:
9294:
9289:
9288:
9285:
9278:
9272:
9267:
9266:
9245:
9241:
9237:
9230:
9214:
9210:
9206:
9199:
9191:
9185:
9171:
9164:
9148:
9144:
9140:
9133:
9131:
9129:
9112:
9108:
9104:
9097:
9081:
9077:
9073:
9066:
9047:
9046:
9039:
9023:
9019:
9015:
9008:
8989:
8985:
8978:
8971:
8955:
8951:
8947:
8941:
8939:
8937:
8935:
8933:
8931:
8929:
8912:
8908:
8904:
8897:
8881:
8877:
8873:
8867:
8851:
8847:
8843:
8837:
8835:
8818:
8814:
8810:
8806:
8799:
8784:
8782:9780415783217
8778:
8774:
8773:
8765:
8749:
8745:
8741:
8734:
8732:
8730:
8728:
8726:
8709:
8705:
8701:
8694:
8678:
8674:
8670:
8664:
8648:
8644:
8640:
8633:
8614:
8607:
8606:
8598:
8590:
8585:|first1=
8578:
8559:
8552:
8551:
8542:
8540:
8538:
8536:
8534:
8517:
8513:
8511:9781781906569
8507:
8503:
8502:
8494:
8478:
8474:
8470:
8464:
8462:
8446:
8442:
8438:
8434:
8430:
8423:
8407:
8403:
8397:
8390:
8387:Lu Gengsong,
8384:
8376:
8370:
8354:
8350:
8349:
8344:
8340:
8334:
8332:
8330:
8328:
8326:
8306:
8299:
8298:
8290:
8288:
8286:
8284:
8282:
8280:
8278:
8276:
8274:
8272:
8270:
8268:
8266:
8264:
8262:
8260:
8258:
8256:
8254:
8252:
8250:
8248:
8246:
8230:
8226:
8222:
8215:
8213:
8211:
8194:
8190:
8186:
8179:
8177:
8162:on 2020-10-04
8161:
8157:
8153:
8147:
8131:
8127:
8123:
8116:
8100:
8096:
8092:
8085:
8070:
8066:
8062:
8056:
8040:
8036:
8032:
8028:
8024:
8017:
8015:
8006:
8002:
7998:
7996:9781107688841
7992:
7988:
7981:
7979:
7977:
7975:
7973:
7971:
7969:
7967:
7951:on 2017-12-29
7950:
7946:
7939:
7923:
7922:
7914:
7906:
7902:
7898:
7892:
7888:
7881:
7873:
7869:
7865:
7859:
7855:
7851:
7850:
7842:
7833:
7824:
7808:
7804:
7800:
7793:
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7787:
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7783:
7781:
7779:
7770:
7766:
7762:
7756:
7752:
7745:
7743:
7741:
7739:
7723:
7719:
7715:
7709:
7707:
7698:
7694:
7690:
7686:
7682:
7678:
7674:
7670:
7663:
7661:
7659:
7657:
7655:
7653:
7651:
7649:
7634:
7630:
7624:
7609:
7605:
7601:
7594:
7579:
7575:
7571:
7569:
7564:
7558:
7554:
7534:
7528:
7520:
7515:
7509:
7503:
7495:
7490:
7484:
7478:
7470:
7466:
7462:
7457:
7450:
7446:
7442:
7438:
7435:
7431:
7425:
7420:
7416:
7412:
7400:
7396:
7386:
7383:
7381:
7378:
7377:
7373:
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7330:
7317:
7304:
7291:
7278:
7265:
7261:
7257:
7250:
7243:
7236:
7229:
7222:
7215:
7207:
7196:
7187:
7186:
7180:
7179:
7168:
7167:Officer cadet
7157:
7146:
7135:
7124:
7113:
7102:
7091:
7080:
7079:Major general
7069:
7058:
7047:
7043:
7039:
7032:
7025:
7018:
7011:
7004:
6997:
6990:
6983:
6976:
6969:
6962:
6955:
6944:
6931:
6930:
6924:
6923:
6905:
6892:
6879:
6866:
6853:
6849:
6845:
6838:
6831:
6824:
6817:
6809:
6798:
6789:
6788:
6782:
6781:
6775:
6768:
6761:
6754:
6747:
6740:
6733:
6726:
6719:
6712:
6705:
6698:
6691:
6684:
6674:
6663:
6652:
6641:
6630:
6619:
6608:
6597:
6586:
6575:
6574:Major general
6564:
6553:
6542:
6538:
6534:
6527:
6520:
6513:
6506:
6499:
6492:
6485:
6478:
6471:
6464:
6457:
6450:
6443:
6432:
6419:
6418:
6412:
6411:
6395:
6388:
6381:
6374:
6367:
6360:
6353:
6346:
6339:
6332:
6331:
6327:
6320:
6313:
6306:
6299:
6292:
6285:
6278:
6271:
6264:
6263:
6258:
6255:
6251:
6248:
6244:
6241:
6237:
6234:
6230:
6227:
6223:
6220:
6216:
6213:
6209:
6206:
6202:
6199:
6196:
6195:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6146:
6145:
6132:
6125:
6118:
6111:
6104:
6097:
6090:
6083:
6076:
6069:
6062:
6055:
6054:
6050:
6043:
6036:
6029:
6022:
6015:
6008:
6001:
5994:
5987:
5980:
5973:
5972:
5967:
5966:Officer cadet
5964:
5960:
5957:
5953:
5950:
5946:
5943:
5939:
5936:
5932:
5929:
5925:
5922:
5918:
5915:
5911:
5910:Major general
5908:
5904:
5901:
5897:
5894:
5891:
5890:
5887:
5881:
5879:
5873:
5871:
5865:
5863:
5857:
5855:
5849:
5847:
5841:
5839:
5833:
5831:
5825:
5823:
5817:
5815:
5809:
5807:
5801:
5798:
5797:
5789:
5778:
5775:
5774:
5768:
5762:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5749:
5745:
5741:
5740:Assault rifle
5738:
5736:
5732:
5729:
5728:
5727:
5718:
5710:
5704:
5701:
5698:
5695:
5692:
5691:
5690:
5688:
5682:
5674:
5669:
5665:
5657:
5654:
5650:
5645:
5635:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5622:
5618:
5614:
5610:
5606:
5600:
5590:
5588:
5582:
5580:
5576:
5572:
5568:
5562:
5554:
5544:
5542:
5536:
5528:
5524:
5520:
5514:
5506:
5502:
5498:
5492:
5484:
5479:
5470:
5464:
5461:
5458:
5455:
5452:
5449:
5446:
5443:
5440:
5437:
5434:
5431:
5428:
5425:
5424:
5423:
5421:
5419:Jīdòng Zhīduì
5415:
5407:
5401:
5399:
5397:Zhíqín Zhīduì
5393:
5385:
5379:
5375:
5367:
5361:
5353:
5349:
5345:
5341:
5335:
5327:
5323:
5319:
5315:
5311:
5305:
5297:
5293:
5283:
5279:
5277:
5271:
5263:
5259:
5255:
5245:
5239:
5235:
5232:
5229:
5225:
5221:
5217:
5213:
5209:
5206:
5202:
5198:
5195:
5191:
5187:
5183:
5179:
5175:
5171:
5167:
5163:
5159:
5155:
5154:
5153:
5151:
5147:
5134:
5130:
5127:
5123:
5120:
5116:
5113:
5110:
5106:
5102:
5098:
5094:
5090:
5086:
5082:
5078:
5074:
5070:
5066:
5062:
5058:
5054:
5053:
5052:
5050:
5046:
5042:
5038:
5028:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5014:
5006:
5002:
4998:
4992:
4984:
4979:
4971:
4962:
4960:
4956:
4945:
4942:
4936:
4933:
4930:
4927:
4924:
4921:
4920:
4919:
4911:
4905:
4902:
4899:
4894:
4891:
4890:
4888:
4884:
4879:
4876:
4875:
4873:
4872:
4871:
4868:
4865:
4856:
4854:
4850:
4846:
4842:
4837:
4835:
4831:
4827:
4823:
4818:
4815:
4810:
4801:
4797:
4793:
4791:
4787:
4783:
4780:
4774:
4765:
4760:
4748:
4745:
4741:
4738:
4735:
4732:
4729:
4726:
4725:
4724:
4722:
4712:
4710:
4706:
4702:
4698:
4694:
4689:
4680:
4676:
4672:
4669:
4664:
4662:
4658:
4654:
4650:
4646:
4641:
4639:
4634:
4630:
4626:
4624:
4620:
4619:State Council
4612:
4609:Wheeled APC (
4607:
4598:
4596:
4592:
4588:
4583:
4581:
4577:
4573:
4569:
4566:
4561:
4559:
4554:
4552:
4551:fire brigades
4548:
4547:border guards
4538:
4535:
4532:
4528:
4523:
4521:
4517:
4513:
4509:
4505:
4501:
4497:
4487:
4478:
4476:
4472:
4468:
4464:
4460:
4456:
4452:
4448:
4444:
4440:
4436:
4431:
4429:
4425:
4421:
4417:
4413:
4408:
4406:
4402:
4398:
4394:
4390:
4386:
4382:
4378:
4375:is a Chinese
4374:
4362:
4357:
4355:
4350:
4348:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4339:
4333:
4330:
4329:
4327:
4317:
4316:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4284:
4283:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4237:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4219:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4196:
4192:
4189:
4186:
4182:
4178:
4175:
4172:
4168:
4164:
4161:
4158:
4154:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4141:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4107:
4104:
4103:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4046:
4043:
4042:
4038:
4034:
4031:
4030:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4018:Spokespersons
4016:
4014:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4005:
4002:
3998:
3994:
3992:
3988:
3986:
3982:
3981:
3980:
3977:
3976:
3973:
3968:
3967:
3956:
3953:
3952:
3949:
3945:
3944:
3943:
3940:
3939:
3936:
3932:
3930:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3921:
3920:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3887:
3884:
3880:
3877:
3876:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3855:
3852:
3851:
3848:
3843:
3842:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3823:
3820:
3819:
3818:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3801:
3798:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3780:
3779:
3776:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3767:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3743:
3740:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3724:
3720:
3719:
3718:
3715:
3714:
3711:
3710:Ding Xuexiang
3707:
3706:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3686:
3682:
3681:
3669:
3664:
3663:
3662:
3659:
3658:
3654:
3649:
3648:
3647:
3644:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3628:
3625:
3624:
3623:
3620:
3619:
3615:
3612:
3608:
3605:
3604:
3603:
3600:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3590:Radio jamming
3588:
3587:
3586:
3583:
3582:
3578:
3577:
3573:
3569:
3568:
3564:
3563:
3562:
3561:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3548:
3547:
3543:
3542:
3541:
3538:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3522:
3519:
3518:
3517:
3514:
3513:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3493:
3492:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3468:
3463:
3462:
3461:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3445:
3440:
3439:
3438:
3435:
3430:
3426:
3421:
3418:
3413:
3412:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3404:
3399:
3398:
3391:
3390:
3385:
3384:
3380:
3377:
3371:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3359:
3356:
3353:
3349:
3345:
3344:
3343:
3340:
3336:
3333:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3321:
3320:
3317:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3304:
3301:
3298:
3295:
3294:Wang Xiaohong
3291:
3287:
3286:
3285:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3271:
3269:
3265:
3264:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3249:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3233:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3154:
3150:
3149:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3143:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3128:
3127:Wang Dongfeng
3124:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3112:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3096:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3083:
3078:
3077:
3059:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3042:
3037:
3034:
3033:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3027:
3024:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3010:
3007:
3006:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2968:
2964:
2961:
2960:
2959:
2956:
2955:
2949:
2946:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2934:
2933:
2930:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2911:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2905:
2904:
2892:
2889:
2888:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2874:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2859:
2855:
2854:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2848:
2847:
2831:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2772:
2771:
2768:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2748:
2747:
2746:
2745:State Council
2743:
2737:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2694:
2692:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2633:
2632:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2620:
2619:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2607:
2606:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2594:
2593:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2564:
2561:
2557:
2556:Zhong Shaojun
2553:
2552:
2551:
2548:
2547:
2546:Departments:
2545:
2537:
2533:
2530:
2526:
2523:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2505:
2501:
2498:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2487:Vice Chairmen
2485:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2461:
2460:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2436:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2422:
2419:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2399:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2374:
2370:
2367:
2363:
2360:
2359:Wang Xiaohong
2356:
2355:
2353:
2352:
2351:
2348:
2340:
2336:
2333:
2332:Zhang Guoqing
2329:
2326:
2322:
2319:
2318:Ding Xuexiang
2315:
2314:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2305:
2304:Vice-Premiers
2302:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2286:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2275:
2274:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2247:
2243:
2242:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2220:
2211:
2208:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2149:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2078:
2077:
2067:
2064:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2041:
2031:
2027:
2026:
2025:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2013:
2012:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1978:
1972:
1968:
1967:
1966:
1963:
1959:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1935:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1922:
1921:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1905:
1900:
1897:
1892:
1891:
1890:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1874:
1868:
1862:
1855:
1852:
1847:
1846:
1845:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1816:
1813:
1808:
1807:
1806:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1790:
1789:Vice Chairmen
1786:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1774:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1763:
1760:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1689:
1676:
1673:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1658:Chinese Dream
1656:
1655:
1654:
1651:
1646:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1584:
1583:
1580:
1576:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1554:
1549:
1548:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1477:
1476:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1428:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1411:
1410:
1407:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1353:
1352:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1297:
1290:
1289:Civil service
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1264:Unified power
1262:
1261:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1196:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1119:(since 2017)
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1082:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1059:
1049:
1044:
1042:
1037:
1035:
1030:
1029:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1005:
1001:
1000:
995:
992:
991:
990:
989:
985:
984:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
955:
954:
953:
949:
948:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
924:
923:
922:
918:
917:
912:
909:
907:
903:
899:
897:
893:
889:
887:
883:
879:
878:
877:
876:
872:
871:
866:
862:
858:
856:
852:
848:
846:
842:
838:
836:
832:
828:
827:
826:
825:
821:
820:
815:
805:
803:
792:
790:
779:
777:
766:
765:
764:
763:
759:
758:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
734:
733:
732:
728:
727:
722:
719:
717:
714:
713:
712:
711:
707:
706:
700:
696:
695:
692:
689:
688:
680:
668:
666:
662:
659:
655:
650:
646:
638:
636:
632:
624:
622:
618:
615:Armed Police
613:
601:
599:
595:
592:
588:
583:
579:
571:
569:
565:
557:
555:
551:
546:
534:
532:
528:
525:
521:
516:
512:
504:
502:
498:
490:
488:
484:
479:
467:
465:
461:
458:
454:
449:
445:
437:
435:
431:
423:
421:
417:
413:
408:
400:
395:
390:
383:
380:
377:
374:
373:
371:
367:
364:
361:
359:Parent agency
357:
350:
346:
344:
340:
336:
333:
332:Wang Chunning
329:
328:
326:
322:
319:
315:
312:
308:
305:
302:
298:
293:
286:
283:
279:
278:
276:
272:
266:
263:
262:
260:
256:
244:
243:
241:
237:
234:
231:
227:
224:
221:
217:
214:
211:
207:
204:
201:
195:
191:
186:
182:
178:
164:
160:
155:
151:
141:
137:
133:
129:
119:
118:
111:
105:
102:
98:
94:
88:
81:
77:
70:
65:
56:
51:
42:
37:
32:
26:
22:
12996:Christianity
12986:Confucianism
12946:Urbanization
12882:Demographics
12858:Gang of Four
12823:Four Symbols
12722:Martial arts
12496:Prostitution
12383:Architecture
12237:Central bank
12176:
12105:Vice Premier
12057:United front
11986:Constitution
11942:Penal system
11920:Human rights
11857:Subdivisions
11695: /
11691: /
11614:Southwestern
11609:Northwestern
11312:Western Zhou
11260:Yellow River
11210:1949–present
10992:
10985:Paramilitary
10962:
10955:
10948:
10942:Publications
10899:Institutions
10849:Ground Force
10717:Audit Office
10653:Guard Bureau
10372:Marine Corps
10314:Organization
10021:Penal system
9964:Human rights
9942:Great Cannon
9895:Other topics
9846:6521 Project
9742:
9594:
9346:Yang Guoping
9314:
9248:. Retrieved
9239:
9229:
9217:. Retrieved
9198:
9173:. Retrieved
9163:
9151:. Retrieved
9142:
9115:. Retrieved
9106:
9096:
9084:. Retrieved
9075:
9065:
9053:. Retrieved
9044:
9038:
9026:. Retrieved
9018:NPC Observer
9017:
9007:
8995:. Retrieved
8983:
8970:
8958:. Retrieved
8949:
8915:. Retrieved
8907:www.iiss.org
8906:
8896:
8884:. Retrieved
8875:
8866:
8854:. Retrieved
8845:
8821:. Retrieved
8812:
8808:
8798:
8786:. Retrieved
8771:
8764:
8752:. Retrieved
8743:
8712:. Retrieved
8703:
8693:
8681:. Retrieved
8677:the original
8672:
8663:
8651:. Retrieved
8642:
8632:
8620:. Retrieved
8604:
8597:
8565:. Retrieved
8549:
8520:. Retrieved
8500:
8493:
8483:22 September
8481:. Retrieved
8472:
8449:. Retrieved
8432:
8422:
8410:. Retrieved
8406:NPC Observer
8405:
8396:
8388:
8383:
8359:22 September
8357:. Retrieved
8347:
8312:. Retrieved
8296:
8233:. Retrieved
8224:
8197:. Retrieved
8188:
8164:. Retrieved
8160:the original
8146:
8134:. Retrieved
8125:
8115:
8103:. Retrieved
8094:
8084:
8073:. Retrieved
8064:
8055:
8043:. Retrieved
8026:
7986:
7953:. Retrieved
7949:the original
7938:
7926:. Retrieved
7920:
7913:
7886:
7880:
7848:
7841:
7832:
7823:
7811:. Retrieved
7807:the original
7802:
7750:
7726:. Retrieved
7717:
7672:
7668:
7636:. Retrieved
7632:
7623:
7612:. Retrieved
7593:
7582:. Retrieved
7566:
7557:
7530:
7514:
7505:
7489:
7480:
7464:
7461:abbreviation
7456:
7399:
7372:China portal
7209:(1988–1994)
7198:
6956:(1988–1994)
6946:
6811:(1955–1965)
6800:
6444:(1955–1965)
6434:
5786:
5765:
5724:
5716:
5708:
5699:: Guangzhou;
5684:
5670:
5666:
5663:
5660:Organization
5655:
5651:
5647:
5632:
5629:
5602:
5583:
5564:
5550:
5538:
5523:county level
5516:
5494:
5480:
5476:
5473:Lower levels
5468:
5417:
5402:
5395:
5380:
5376:
5363:
5337:
5307:
5290:Within each
5289:
5280:
5275:Nèiwèi Bùduì
5273:
5251:
5243:
5143:
5128:, Liaoning);
5067:, Liaoning;
5037:Shijiazhuang
5034:
5026:
5023:
5016:
4994:
4980:
4977:
4968:
4951:
4943:
4940:
4917:
4909:
4869:
4866:
4862:
4838:
4822:Mekong river
4819:
4814:Central Asia
4811:
4807:
4798:
4794:
4775:
4768:
4720:
4718:
4690:
4686:
4677:
4673:
4665:
4642:
4635:
4631:
4627:
4621:through the
4616:
4584:
4571:
4562:
4557:
4555:
4544:
4536:
4530:
4526:
4524:
4511:
4507:
4493:
4484:
4467:Eastern Bloc
4463:Soviet Union
4446:
4442:
4432:
4409:
4385:riot control
4377:paramilitary
4372:
4370:
4298:Hukou system
3637:Great Cannon
3574:
3567:Global Times
3565:
3558:
3544:
3489:
3388:
3276:Chen Wenqing
3142:CCP (ruling)
3114:Top-ranked:
3082:United front
2718:
2682:Audit Office
2497:Zhang Youxia
2407:Central bank
2389:Wu Zhenglong
2366:Wu Zhenglong
2339:Liu Guozhong
2131:Li Hongzhong
2129:Top-ranked:
1794:Zhang Youxia
1688:Organization
1575:Constitution
1521:Criminal law
1509:
1481:Property Law
1480:
1475:Property law
1466:
1459:
1448:Marriage Law
1447:
1439:
1431:
1414:
1320:Constitution
1305:Constitution
885:
814:Rocket Force
776:Ground Force
665:Hanyu Pinyin
598:Hanyu Pinyin
531:Hanyu Pinyin
464:Hanyu Pinyin
349:Zhou Jianguo
347:PAP General
337:PAP General
330:PAP General
310:Headquarters
282:riot control
131:
125:
116:
115:
109:
103:
100:Abbreviation
92:Wǔjǐng Bùduì
90:
82:
25:
13137:Gendarmerie
12762:Variety art
12757:Tea culture
12685:Calligraphy
12670:Archaeology
12530:Food safety
12325:Gold mining
12227:Aquaculture
12222:Agriculture
12182:Coast Guard
11949:Naming laws
11783:Environment
11771:South China
11250:Paleolithic
11242:Prehistoric
11200:before 1912
11041:Contractors
10643:Joint Staff
10471: [
10433:Air Defense
10287: [
10275: [
10251: [
10248:Air defense
10239: [
10227: [
10215: [
10159:Decorations
9912:Black jails
9776: [
9752: [
9741:(including
9730: [
9692:Immigration
9622:Urban Admin
9600:Coast Guard
9559:Immigration
9341:Ba Zhongtan
8856:13 December
8809:China Brief
8706:. Beijing.
8522:2 September
8351:. Beijing.
8095:China Daily
7718:China Daily
7441:olive green
7422: [
7406:中国人民武装警察部队徽
7380:Gendarmerie
6932:Rank group
6920:Type 88 PAP
6420:Rank group
5814:zhong jiang
5806:shang jiang
5777:Harbin Z-20
5771:Helicopters
5705:: Xinjiang.
5240:, Sichuan).
5222:, Sichuan;
5121:, Shaanxi);
5043:, south of
4845:Afghanistan
4568:Jiang Zemin
4500:Luo Ruiqing
4498:(MPS) with
4471:Alert Units
4451:gendarmerie
3935:Wang Huning
3879:Taiwan Area
3817:Ho Iat-seng
3723:Xia Baolong
3576:China Today
3491:China Daily
3389:(chengguan)
3368: [
3274:Secretary:
3153:Shi Taifeng
3116:Shi Taifeng
3104:Wang Huning
3056: [
3039: [
2648:Secretary:
2611:Xu Xueqiang
2066:Party group
2015:Secretary:
1881:Wang Huning
1867:Wang Huning
1443:(From 2021)
1238:Wang Huning
1190:Peng Liyuan
334:, Commander
300:Overseen by
265:Gendarmerie
183:1.5 million
13116:Categories
13023:Irreligion
12920:Statistics
12890:Emigration
12853:Four Wangs
12742:Philosophy
12727:Mass media
12710:Literature
12608:Patriarchy
12571:Propaganda
12491:Corruption
12476:Censorship
12266:E-commerce
11973:Government
11766:East China
11738:Waterfalls
11684:Peninsulas
11652:Grasslands
11096:Korean War
10658:Guard Unit
10620:Commission
10531:Cyberspace
10514:astronauts
10331:Branches:
9922:Censorship
9907:610 Office
9822:Red August
9791:Operations
9682:Correction
9564:Inspection
9336:Zhou Yushu
9331:Li Lianxiu
9250:1 December
9219:16 October
9175:2023-03-21
9028:16 October
8886:8 December
8823:16 October
8754:13 October
8622:16 October
8451:2019-10-04
8235:2018-06-19
8166:2018-01-10
8136:26 January
8105:26 January
8075:2019-10-04
7955:1 February
7928:2 November
7896:081333456X
7863:0520225074
7760:0415770025
7728:2019-10-04
7638:2024-04-20
7614:2021-07-31
7584:2021-07-29
7549:References
7473:中国人民武装警察部队
5846:zhong xiao
5838:shang xiao
5822:Shao jiang
5579:Beibu Gulf
5365:Zhèngjūnjí
5254:Provincial
5135:, Shanxi).
5069:Bayisingtu
5018:Zhèngjūnjí
4841:Tajikistan
4715:Chronology
4424:pine green
3985:Xi Jinping
3983:Director:
3946:Director:
3929:Xi Jinping
3721:Director:
3666:Director:
3651:Director:
3442:Director:
3429:Shen Yiqin
3403:Propaganda
3329:Chen Yixin
2858:Liu Jinguo
2856:Director:
2830:Xi Jinping
2637:Liu Faqing
2635:Director:
2622:Director:
2609:Director:
2596:Director:
2583:Director:
2572:Liu Zhenli
2554:Director:
2522:Liu Zhenli
2504:He Weidong
2480:Xi Jinping
2373:Shen Yiqin
2234:Xi Jinping
1924:Director:
1896:Xi Jinping
1894:Director:
1851:Xi Jinping
1849:Director:
1812:Xi Jinping
1810:Chairman:
1798:He Weidong
1782:Xi Jinping
1729:Xi Jinping
1494:Patent law
1460:Labour Law
1454:Labour law
1440:Civil Code
1247:Xi Jinping
1211:Xi Jinping
1202:Xi Jinping
1186:First lady
1180:Xi Jinping
1136:Xi Jinping
1127:Xi Jinping
1086:Leadership
440:中國人民武裝警察部隊
426:中国人民武装警察部队
172:1982-06-19
12910:Languages
12863:Four Olds
12818:Four arts
12705:Libraries
12635:Structure
12598:Sexuality
12535:incidents
12508:Education
12417:Transport
12293:Renewable
12288:Petroleum
12083:President
12050:Politburo
12003:Elections
11991:Democracy
11959:Terrorism
11707:Volcanoes
11689:Northeast
11667:Mountains
11577:Northeast
11527:Geography
11434:High Qing
11255:Neolithic
11227:Dynasties
11205:1912–1949
11196:Economic
11165:Overviews
10950:PLA Daily
10859:Air Force
10824:Guangzhou
10792:(defunct)
10752:Hong Kong
10610:Structure
10597:Zhengzhou
10501:Aerospace
10398:South Sea
10388:North Sea
10360:Naval Air
10350:Submarine
10272:Engineers
10236:Artillery
10204:Equipment
10199:Structure
10154:Equipment
10056:Shuanggui
9979:Hong Kong
9836:(1983–87)
9818:(1957–59)
9812:(1955–57)
9806:(1951–52)
9800:(1950–53)
9632:Hong Kong
9361:Wang Ning
9117:8 October
9107:PLA Daily
9086:8 October
8997:3 January
8960:8 October
8917:3 October
8788:9 October
8744:Jamestown
8683:4 October
8577:cite book
8441:0362-4331
8369:cite book
8314:3 October
8035:0362-4331
8005:874118926
7697:143891785
7689:1871-0131
5870:zhong wei
5862:shang wei
5854:shao xiao
5721:Equipment
5571:Hong Kong
5322:Hong Kong
5178:Guangdong
5170:Guangzhou
5105:Pingliang
5097:Zhengzhou
5087:, Hebei;
5083:, Hebei;
4889:Gao Wei;
4764:Tiananmen
4657:Chongqing
4181:Hong Kong
4167:Hong Kong
4153:Hong Kong
3864:One China
3689:Hong Kong
3467:Li Shulei
3452:Li Shulei
3425:Li Shulei
2942:Ying Yong
2919:Zhang Jun
2915:President
2624:Wang Peng
2598:Zhang Lin
2514:Members:
2325:He Lifeng
2260:Han Zheng
2226:President
2210:Presidium
2119:Zhao Leji
2094:Elections
2052:Secretary
2000:Secretary
1971:Li Ganjie
1912:He Lifeng
1825:Zhao Leji
1675:Democracy
1600:Communism
1435:(to 2020)
1284:Elections
1229:Zhao Leji
802:Air Force
180:Employees
13096:Category
12969:Buddhism
12961:Religion
12938:Post-90s
12931:Post-80s
12675:Archives
12542:HIV/AIDS
12513:Literacy
12471:Abortion
12400:Internet
12357:Taxation
12340:Textiles
12320:Chemical
12315:Industry
12244:Currency
12122:Military
11930:in Tibet
11894:Politics
11831:Wildlife
11743:Wetlands
11506:COVID-19
11334:Imperial
11232:Monarchs
11192:Language
11177:Timeline
11149:articles
10799:Shenyang
10776:Northern
10747:Southern
10734:Commands
10732:Theater
10628:Chairman
10593:Shenyang
10426:airbases
10421:aircraft
10416:Aviation
10393:East Sea
10386:Fleets:
10365:aircraft
10319:Weaponry
10265:aircraft
10260:Aviation
10212:Infantry
10183:Branches
10164:Generals
9519:Mainland
9429:National
9423:in China
9244:Archived
9213:Archived
9184:cite web
9147:Archived
9111:Archived
9080:Archived
9022:Archived
8988:Archived
8984:uhrp.org
8954:Archived
8911:Archived
8880:Archived
8850:Archived
8848:. 2019.
8817:Archived
8748:Archived
8708:Archived
8653:28 April
8647:Archived
8613:Archived
8567:28 April
8558:Archived
8516:Archived
8477:Archived
8445:Archived
8412:18 April
8353:Archived
8341:(2006).
8305:Archived
8229:Archived
8199:21 March
8193:Archived
8130:Archived
8099:Archived
8069:Archived
8039:Archived
7905:38286530
7872:49225216
7769:68694731
7722:Archived
7608:Archived
7578:Archived
7358:See also
7316:Corporal
7303:Sergeant
6925:Officers
6878:Corporal
6865:Sergeant
6413:Officers
6243:Corporal
6236:Sergeant
6165:武警四级警士长
6160:武警三级警士长
6155:武警二级警士长
6150:武警一级警士长
5886:xue yuan
5884:Wu jing
5878:shao wei
5876:Wu jing
5868:Wu jing
5860:Wu jing
5852:Wu jing
5844:Wu jing
5836:Wu jing
5828:Wu jing
5820:Wu jing
5812:Wu jing
5804:Wu jing
5792:Officers
5540:Zhōngduì
5463:Shanghai
5427:Xinjiang
5344:Xinjiang
5258:Township
5220:Mianyang
5205:Zhejiang
5190:Nanchong
5081:Dingzhou
5065:Shenyang
5061:Liaoning
4955:Langfang
4914:Training
4834:Cambodia
4826:Thailand
4792:(SPUs).
4779:tactical
4653:Bo Xilai
4593:and the
4576:Xinjiang
4049:to China
4037:in China
4009:Minister
3991:Li Qiang
3948:Song Tao
3927:Leader:
3708:Leader:
3415:Leader:
3348:Minister
3325:Minister
3290:Minister
3100:Chairman
2828:Leader:
2780:Dong Jun
2776:Minister
2762:Li Qiang
2758:Chairman
2585:Miao Hua
2529:Miao Hua
2470:Chairman
2298:Li Qiang
2115:Chairman
2028:Leader:
1904:Li Qiang
1861:Li Qiang
1821:Li Qiang
1778:Chairman
1579:ideology
1220:Li Qiang
1145:Li Qiang
760:Services
13080:Outline
13043:Symbols
12900:Eunuchs
12747:Smoking
12695:Cuisine
12662:Culture
12652:Welfare
12623:Suicide
12591:history
12459:Society
12388:Housing
12362:Tourism
12347:Poverty
12232:Banking
12210:Economy
12189:Militia
12100:Premier
11702:Valleys
11662:Islands
11647:Deserts
11637:Canyons
11625:Terrain
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