631:
322:
46:
330:
544:(NARF) and the Indian Rights Association against landowners and residents of North Stonington to get their land, which the Pequots claimed had been illegally sold in 1856 by the State of Connecticut, and they settled after seven years. The Connecticut Legislature passed legislation to petition the federal government to grant tribal recognition to the Mashantucket Pequots, and the "Mashantucket Pequot Indian Land Claims Settlement Act" was enacted by Congress and signed by President
500:. Eventually, some returned to their traditional lands, where family groups of friendly Pequots had stayed. Of those enslaved, most were awarded to the allied tribes, but many were also sold as slaves in Bermuda. The Mohegans treated their Pequot captives so severely that officials of Connecticut Colony eventually removed them. Connecticut established two reservations for the Pequots in 1683: the Eastern Pequot Reservation in
933:
21 (1947): 25; Kevin McBride, "Prehistory of the Lower
Connecticut Valley" (Ph.D. diss., University of Connecticut, 1984), pp. 126β28, 199β269; and the overall evidence on the question of Pequot origins in Means, "Mohegan-Pequot Relationships," 26β33. For historical research, refer to Alfred A. Cave,
1238:
A Brief
History of the Pequot War: Especially of the Memorable taking of their Fort at Mistick in Connecticut in 1637/Written by Major John Mason, a principal actor therein, as then chief captain and commander of Connecticut forces; With an introduction and some explanatory notes by the Reverend Mr.
567:
was recognized in 2002. Since the 1930s, both Pequot tribes had serious tension over racial issues, with some people claiming that darker-skinned descendants should not be considered fully Pequot. Two groups of
Eastern Pequots filed petitions for recognition with the BIA, and they agreed to unite to
1260:
Nevves from
America; or, A New and Experimental Discovery of New England: Containing, a True Relation of their War-like Proceedings these two years last past, with a figure of the Indian fort, or Palizado. Also, a discovery of these places, that as yet have very few or no inhabitants which would
665:
In the 21st century, the
Mashantucket Pequot are undertaking aggressive efforts to revive the language. They are conducting careful analysis of historical documents containing Pequot words and comparing them to extant closely related languages. So far, they have reclaimed more than 1,000 words,
403:'s tribes responded to the English. Hubbard described the Pequot as "foreigners" to the region; not invaders from another shore, but "from the interior of the continent" who "by force seized upon one of the goodliest places near the sea, and became a Terror to all their Neighbors."
532:
The 1910 census numbered the Pequot population at 66, and they reached their lowest number several decades later. Pequot numbers grew significantly during the 1970s and 1980s, especially the
Mashantucket Pequot tribe which opened a casino in the same timeframe, and tribal chairman
234:
of 1634β1638, which some historians consider to be a genocide under modern day terms, which dramatically reduced the population and influence of the Pequot; many members were killed, enslaved, or dispersed. Small numbers of
Pequots remain in Connecticut, receiving reservations at
670:. The Wampanoag recently initiated the WΓ΄panΓ’ak Language Reclamation Project. The southern New England Indian communities participating in the WΓ΄panΓ’ak Language Reclamation Project are Mashpee Wampanoag, Aquinnah Wampanoag, Herring Pond Wampanoag, and Mashantucket Pequot.
406:
Much of the archaeological, linguistic, and documentary evidence now available demonstrates that the Pequot were not invaders to the
Connecticut River Valley but were indigenous in that area for thousands of years. By the time of the founding of
438:
epidemic of 1616β1619 killed many of the Native
Americans of the eastern coast of New England, but it did not reach the Pequot, Niantic, and Narragansett tribes. In 1633, the Dutch established a trading post called the House of Good Hope at
572:
who had gained recognition in 2004. The
Connecticut state government and Congressional delegation opposed the BIA's recognition because residents were worried that the newly recognized tribes would establish gaming casinos.
488:
tribes sided with the colonists. Around 1,500 Pequot warriors were killed in battles or hunted down, and others were captured and distributed as slaves or household servants. A few escaped to join the
548:
on October 18, 1983. This settlement granted federal recognition to the Mashantucket Pequot tribe, enabling them to buy the land covered in the Settlement Act and place it in trust with the
368:
in the early twentieth century, and he believed that another term was more plausible, meaning "the shallowness of a body of water", given that the Pequot territory was along the coast of
1231:
wonder-working Providence of Sion's Saviour in New England by Captain Edward Johnson of Woburn, Massachusetts Bay. With a historical introduction and an index by William Frederick Poole
568:
achieve recognition. The state immediately challenged the decision, and the Department of the Interior revoked their recognition in 2005. That same year, it revoked recognition for the
688:(1950β2009), rock and roll guitarist, songwriter and singer, was Pequot through his mother and maternal grandmother's lineage. He explored his Pequot roots in his post-2000 works.
415:
colonies, the Pequot had already attained a position of political, military, and economic dominance in central and eastern Connecticut. They occupied the coastal area between the
666:
though that is a small fraction of what would be necessary for a functional language. The Mashantucket Pequots have begun offering language classes with the help of the Mashpee
454:
In 1633, an epidemic devastated all of the region's tribes, and historians estimate that the Pequot suffered the loss of 80 percent of their population. At the outbreak of the
1373:
Means, Carrol Alton. "Mohegan-Pequot Relationships, as Indicated by the Events Leading to the Pequot Massacre of 1637 and Subsequent Claims in the Mohegan Land Controversy,"
682:(1798β1839) was an ordained Methodist minister, writer, and temperance activist of Pequot and European descent; he was a political and religious leader in Massachusetts.
524:. It was commonly thought that they had disappeared entirely due to violence against Native Americans provoked by American colonists, although this was not true.
447:
Tatobem because of a violation of an agreement. After the Pequot paid the Dutch a large ransom, they returned Tatobem's body to his people. His successor was
243:
in 1683; others lived in different areas and with other tribes. In the 18th century, some Christian Pequot joined members of several other groups to form the
226:
were formerly a single group, but the Mohegan split off in the 17th century as the Pequot came to control much of Connecticut. Simmering tensions with the
1119:
See Reagan's initial response in "Message to the Senate Returning Without Approval the Mashantucket Pequot Indian Claims Settlement Bill", April 5, 1983,
816:
1033:
903:"The Pequot Relationships, as Indicated by the Events Leading to the Pequot Massacre of 1637 and Subsequent Claims in the Mohegan Land Controversy",
654:
in 1637, when the colonists made speaking the language a capital offense. Within a generation or so, it became largely extinct. Pequot from both the
293:, which is recognized by Connecticut but is not federally recognized. Additionally, Pequot descendants are enrolled in the federally recognized
1517:
929:
For archaeological investigations disproving Hubbard's theory of origins, see Irving Rouse, "Ceramic Traditions and Sequences in Connecticut,"
50:
387:
Valley can be traced to Rev. William Hubbard, who claimed in 1677 that the Pequot had invaded the region sometime before the establishment of
1382:
821:
The Cambridge World History of Genocide: Volume 2: Genocide in the Indigenous, Early Modern and Imperial Worlds, from c.1535 to World War One
556:
in 1992. Revenue from the casino has enabled the development and construction of a cultural museum which opened on August 11, 1998, on the
1268:
A True Relation of the late Battell fought in New England, between the English, and the Salvages: VVith the present state of things there
955:
45 (1973): 485β508; and Arthur E. Spiro and Bruce D. Spiess, "New England Pandemic of 1616β1622: Cause and Archaeological Implication,"
1434:
Snow, Dean R., and Kim M. Lamphear. "European Contact and Indian Depopulation in the Northeast: The Timing of the First Epidemics,"
1355:
McBride, Kevin. "The Historical Archaeology of the Mashantucket Pequots, 1637β1900," in Laurence M. Hauptman and James Wherry, eds.
1263:(London: Printed by I. D for Peter Cole, and are to be sold at the sign of the Glove in Corne-hill near the Royall Exchange, 1638).
1011:(Cleveland, 1897), p. 138; Ethel Boissevain, "Whatever Became of the New England Indians Shipped to Bermuda to be Sold as Slaves,"
1482:
760:
Dean R. Snow and Kim M. Lamphear, "European Contact and Indian Depopulation in the Northeast: The Timing of the First Epidemics,"
356:
word whose meaning is disputed among language specialists. Considerable scholarship on the Pequot claims that the name came from
1246:
A Relation of the Troubles which have Hapned in New-England, because of the Indians There, from the Year 1614 to the Year 1675
1066:
828:
192:
1144:
302:
1261:
yield special accommodation to such as will plant there . . . By Captaine Iohn Underhill, a commander in the warres there
516:
The poor treatment the Pequot received at the hands of the colonists was remembered almost two centuries later by other
879:
630:
1317:
994:
978:
858:
802:
1441:
Spiero, Arthur E., and Bruce E. Speiss. "New England Pandemic of 1616β1622: Cause and Archaeological Implication,"
1428:
1398:
823:, The Cambridge World History of Genocide, vol. 2, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 215β242,
557:
537:
encouraged them to return to their tribal homeland. He worked for Federal recognition and economic development.
279:
872:
Without Reservation: The Making of America's Most Powerful Indian Tribe and Foxwoods the World's Largest Casino
1522:
501:
305:
of Connecticut, and the Brothertown Indians of Wisconsin, which also have degrees of state recognition. The
1037:
655:
586:
582:
564:
290:
204:
84:
1512:
1280:
Boissevain, Ethel. "Whatever Became of the New England Indians Shipped to Bermuda to be Sold as Slaves,"
643:
541:
431:. The Pequot numbered some 16,000 persons in the most densely inhabited portion of southern New England.
1289:
Without Reservation: How a Controversial Indian Tribe Rose to Power and Built the World's Largest Casino
1104:
Without Reservation: How a Controversial Indian Tribe Rose to Power and Built the World's Largest Casino
951:
Refer to Sherburne F. Cook, "The Significance of Disease in the Extinction of the New England Indians,"
938:
62 (1989): 27β44; and for linguistic research, see Truman D. Michelson, "Notes on Algonquian Language,"
298:
219:, which became extinct by the early 20th century. Some tribal members are undertaking revival efforts.
321:
1367:
1098:(Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1990); Wayne J. Stein, "Gaming: The Apex of a Long Struggle,"
647:
267:
200:
92:
1417:
1349:
1059:
Don't Know Much About History: Everything You Need to Know About American History but Never Learned
549:
130:
552:(BIA) for reservation use. In 1986, they opened a bingo operation, followed by the first phase of
1457:
1120:
737:
639:
517:
365:
216:
113:
22:
1323:
Cook, Sherburne F. "The Significance of Disease in the Extinction of the New England Indians,"
1305:
Cave, Alfred A. "The Pequot Invasion of Southern New England: A Reassessment of the Evidence,"
1253:
History of the Pequot War: The Contemporary Accounts of Mason, Underhill, Vincent, and Gardiner
1009:
History of the Pequot War: The Contemporary Accounts of Mason, Underhill, Vincent, and Gardiner
612:
553:
477:
306:
283:
275:
815:
Madley, Benjamin (2023), Kiernan, Ben; Madley, Benjamin; Blackhawk, Ned; Taylor, Rebe (eds.),
1299:
622:
Nearly all individuals who are identified as Pequot live in the two above-named communities.
605:
601:
597:
505:
485:
424:
392:
353:
227:
117:
96:
8:
773:
Salwen, Bert (1978). "Indians of Southern New England and Long Island: Early Period." In
659:
271:
244:
208:
1391:
Brethren by Nature: New England Indians, Colonists, and the Origins of American Slavery.
1016:
988:
712:
569:
534:
473:
1062:
974:
875:
854:
824:
798:
412:
384:
369:
45:
1339:
The Pequots in Southern New England: The Fall and Rise of an American Indian Nation.
1054:
667:
252:
162:
1241:(Boston: Printed & sold by. S. Kneeland & T. Green in Queen Street, 1736).
890:
Frank Speck, "Native Tribes and Dialects of Connecticut: A Mohegan-Pequot Diary",
1507:
724:
408:
388:
240:
1357:
Pequots in Southern New England: The Fall and Rise of an American Indian Nation
934:"The Pequot Invasion of Southern New England: A Reassessment of the Evidence,"
781:, ed. William C. Sturtevant. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, pg. 175
493:
416:
1169:
375:
Historians have debated whether the Pequot migrated about 1500 from the upper
1501:
698:
685:
679:
545:
489:
420:
294:
256:
248:
1452:
3rd Ser., Vol. 21, No. 2 (Apr. 1964), pp. 256β269; also republished in
1332:
Hitting the Jackpot: The Inside Story of the Richest Indian Tribe in History
1108:
Hitting the Jackpot: The Inside Story of the Richest Indian Tribe in History
329:
428:
376:
236:
134:
1096:
The Pequots in Southern New England: The Fall and Rise of an Indian Nation
1478:
Foxwoods Resort Casino (Owned & operated by the Mashantucket Pequots)
1448:
Vaughan, Alden T. "Pequots and Puritans: The Causes of the War of 1637,"
1425:
Spirit of the New England Tribes: Indian History and Folklore, 1620β1984.
616:
590:
497:
400:
380:
361:
310:
196:
817:"'Too Furious': The Genocide of Connecticut's Pequot Indians, 1636β1640"
274:
in 1983 through a settlement of a land claim. In 1986, they founded the
1270:(London: Printed by M P for Nathanael Butter, and Iohn Bellamie, 1637).
651:
467:
455:
231:
1487:
729:
717:
212:
1193:
Heller, Louis G. (1961). "Two Pequot Names in American Literature,"
1399:
Facing East from Indian Country: A Native History of Early America.
448:
440:
435:
325:
Plan of a Pequot fort, taken by Massachusetts Bay colonists in 1637
260:
1405:
Rouse, Irving. "Ceramic Traditions and Sequences in Connecticut,"
619:
is also home to a few hundred self-identified Pequot descendants.
203:, four other state-recognized groups in Connecticut including the
720:
521:
481:
263:, and later to Wisconsin, where they were granted a reservation.
223:
147:
29:
1081:"Thirteenth Census of the United States taken in the year 1910"
504:
and the Western Pequots (or Mashantucket Pequot Reservation) in
1492:
1359:(Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1993), pp. 96β116.
1219:(Boston: Massachusetts Historical Society Collections, 1833).
391:, rather than originating in the region. In the aftermath of
171:
1085:, (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office (1912β1914).
851:
A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples
795:
A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples
604:
gained federal recognition in 1983 and have a reservation in
313:
is home to a few hundred self-identified Pequot descendants.
1102:, vol. 13, No. 1. (Spring, 1998), pp. 73β91; Jeff Benedict,
199:. The modern Pequot are members of the federally recognized
1454:
Roots of American Racism: Essays on the Colonial Experience
540:
In 1976, the Pequots filed suit with the assistance of the
1477:
634:
Cover of 1663 Bible translated into the Wampanoag language
180:
920:
2 vols. (Boston: Samuel G. Drake, 1845), vol. 2, pp. 6β7.
397:
Narrative of the Troubles with the Indians in New-England
255:
in the 19th century, where they were allowed land by the
1023:(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993), p. 172.
1034:"Rootsweb: Pequot-Bermudian Reconnection Festival 2002"
458:, Pequot survivors may have numbered only about 3,000.
360:, meaning "the destroyers" or "the men of the swamp".
1346:
Providence Island, 1630β1641: The Other Puritan Colony
1061:(1st ed.). New York: HarperCollins. p. 155.
1021:
Providence Island, 1630β1641: The Other Puritan Colony
1465:
New England Frontier: Puritans and Indians 1620β1675.
1380:
Michelson, Truman D. "Notes on Algonquian Language,"
1217:
Leift Lion Gardener his Relation of the Pequot Warres
282:, it has become one of the country's most successful
177:
174:
183:
168:
215:. They historically spoke Pequot, a dialect of the
165:
560:where many members of the tribe continue to live.
638:Historically, the Pequots spoke a dialect of the
472:Members of the Pequot tribe killed a resident of
1499:
1337:Hauptman, Laurence M. and James D. Wherry, eds.
1132:Mashantucket Pequot Indian Claims Settlement Act
1094:See Laurence M. Hauptman and James Wherry, eds.
1007:Lion Gardiner, "Relation of the Pequot Warres,"
789:
787:
1341:Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1993.
740:is believed to have been named after the tribe.
87:, Lantern Hill, North Stonington, Connecticut:
1407:Archaeological Society of Connecticut Bulletin
1402:Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001.
1375:Archaeological Society of Connecticut Bulletin
1296:The Story of the War with the Pequots, Retold.
931:Archaeological Society of Connecticut Bulletin
905:Archaeological Society of Connecticut Bulletin
892:Annual Reports of the U.S. Bureau of Ethnology
1383:International Journal of American Linguistics
1224:The History of the Indian Wars in New England
940:International Journal of American Linguistics
918:The History of the Indian Wars in New England
853:, pp. 654β655, 656. Oxford University Press.
784:
585:has a reservation called "Lantern Hill." The
1393:Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2015.
1364:Prehistory of the Lower Connecticut Valley.
1106:, Harper Books, 2001; Brett Duval Fromson,
662:now speak English as their first language.
278:on their land. Located in proximity to the
53:Exhibit showing Mashantucket Pequot warrior
44:
968:
1226:2 vols. (Boston: Samuel G. Drake, 1845).
797:, pp. 656β657. Oxford University Press.
733:(1851), is named after the Pequot tribe.
629:
383:. The theory of Pequot migration to the
328:
320:
1500:
1467:New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1980.
814:
756:
754:
289:The Pawcatuck River Pequot formed the
112:Historically Pequot, a dialect of the
16:Indigenous people from Connecticut, US
1518:Native American tribes in Connecticut
1174:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
1053:
1049:
1047:
443:. They executed the principal Pequot
1274:
303:Golden Hill Paugussett Indian Nation
79:Regions with significant populations
1284:11 (Spring 1981), pp. 103β114.
1015:11 (Spring 1981), pp. 103β114; and
777:, ed. Bruce G. Trigger. Vol. 15 of
751:
480:, and war erupted as a result. The
13:
1488:Lee Sultzman's Pequot Info Webpage
1233:(Andover, MA: W. F. Draper, 1867.
1209:
1083:United States Bureau of the Census
1044:
779:Handbook of North American Indians
379:Valley toward central and eastern
14:
1534:
1471:
1318:University of Massachusetts Press
673:
527:
399:the ferocity with which some of
364:was a leading specialist of the
161:
1429:University Press of New England
1291:. New York: Harper Books, 2001.
1204:
1187:
1162:
1137:
1125:
1113:
1088:
1075:
1026:
1001:
962:
945:
923:
558:Mashantucket Pequot Reservation
511:
280:New York City metropolitan area
1248:(New York: Arno Press, 1972).
910:
897:
884:
864:
843:
808:
767:
589:is recognized by the state of
1:
993:: CS1 maint: date and year (
744:
716:, the fictional 19th-century
502:North Stonington, Connecticut
461:
334:
1414:Uncas: First of the Mohegans
656:Eastern Pequot Tribal Nation
587:Eastern Pequot Tribal Nation
583:Eastern Pequot Tribal Nation
576:
565:Eastern Pequot Tribal Nation
344:
291:Eastern Pequot Tribal Nation
251:. They relocated to western
205:Eastern Pequot Tribal Nation
85:Eastern Pequot Tribal Nation
7:
1483:Mashantucket Pequot History
1450:William and Mary Quarterly
874:], New York: Harper, 2000,
692:
644:Eastern Algonquian language
625:
542:Native American Rights Fund
10:
1539:
971:The Rediscovery of America
465:
395:, Hubbard detailed in his
316:
299:Schaghticoke Tribal Nation
27:
20:
1368:University of Connecticut
973:. Yale University Press.
268:Mashantucket Pequot Tribe
201:Mashantucket Pequot Tribe
146:
141:
129:
124:
111:
106:
93:Mashantucket Pequot Tribe
83:
78:
63:
58:
43:
1418:Cornell University Press
1389:Newell, Margaret Ellen.
1350:Harvard University Press
704:
550:Bureau of Indian Affairs
131:Native American religion
74:2000: 1,000β2,000 (est.)
28:Not to be confused with
1458:Oxford University Press
969:Blackhawk, Ned (2023).
849:Pritzker, Barry (2000)
793:Pritzker, Barry (2000)
738:Pequot Lakes, Minnesota
640:Mohegan-Pequot language
520:such as some groups of
423:of Connecticut and the
366:Mohegan-Pequot language
284:Native American casinos
217:Mohegan-Pequot language
114:Mohegan-Pequot language
23:Pequot (disambiguation)
1330:Fromson, Brett Duval.
635:
613:Poospatuck Reservation
554:Foxwoods Resort Casino
518:Native American tribes
341:
326:
307:Poospatuck Reservation
276:Foxwoods Resort Casino
1307:New England Quarterly
1300:Yale University Press
1040:on December 17, 2008.
936:New England Quarterly
633:
332:
324:
142:Related ethnic groups
1523:Algonquian ethnonyms
1443:Man in the Northeast
1423:Simmons, William S.
1366:Ph.D. dissertation,
1344:Kupperman, Karen O.
1334:. Grove Press, 2004.
1294:Bradstreet, Howard.
1282:Man in the Northwest
1121:University of Texas.
1110:, Grove Press, 2004.
1013:Man in the Northwest
957:Man in the Northeast
228:New England Colonies
97:Ledyard, Connecticut
21:For other uses, see
1396:Richter, Daniel K.
1327:45 (1973): 485β508.
660:Mashantucket Pequot
598:Mashantucket Pequot
272:federal recognition
245:Brothertown Indians
239:in 1666 and at the
222:The Pequot and the
209:Brothertown Indians
118:Algonquian language
95:or Western Pequot,
64:1620: 16,000 (est.)
40:
1513:Algonquian peoples
1255:(Cleveland, 1897).
1251:Orr, Charles ed.,
1244:Mather, Increase.
1222:Hubbard, William.
1017:Karen O. Kupperman
648:Treaty of Hartford
636:
570:Schaghticoke tribe
535:Richard A. Hayward
474:Connecticut Colony
342:
327:
67:1637: 3,000 (est.)
38:
1445:35 (1987): 71β83.
1438:35 (1988): 16β38.
1377:21 (1947): 26β33.
1309:62 (1989): 27β44.
1275:Secondary sources
1266:Vincent, Philip.
1258:Underhill, John.
1229:Johnson, Edward.
1068:978-0-06-008381-6
1055:Davis, Kenneth C.
959:35 (1987): 71β83.
916:William Hubbard,
907:21 (1947): 26β33.
830:978-1-108-48643-9
764:35 (1988): 16β38.
723:ship featured in
413:Massachusetts Bay
393:King Philip's War
385:Connecticut River
370:Long Island Sound
297:, as well as the
153:
152:
1530:
1412:Oberg, Michael.
1386:1 (1917): 56β57.
1348:(Cambridge, MA:
1287:Benedict, Jeff.
1215:Gardiner, Lion.
1198:
1191:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1149:Norwich Bulletin
1141:
1135:
1129:
1123:
1117:
1111:
1100:WΓΔazo Ε a Review
1092:
1086:
1079:
1073:
1072:
1051:
1042:
1041:
1036:. Archived from
1030:
1024:
1005:
999:
998:
992:
984:
966:
960:
949:
943:
942:1 (1917): 56β57.
927:
921:
914:
908:
901:
895:
888:
882:
868:
862:
847:
841:
840:
839:
837:
812:
806:
791:
782:
771:
765:
758:
581:The 1130-member
339:
336:
190:
189:
186:
185:
182:
179:
176:
173:
170:
167:
59:Total population
48:
41:
37:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1528:
1527:
1498:
1497:
1474:
1427:Dartmouth, NH:
1298:New Haven, CT:
1277:
1212:
1210:Primary sources
1207:
1202:
1201:
1195:American Speech
1192:
1188:
1178:
1176:
1168:
1167:
1163:
1153:
1151:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1134:(1983), S. 366.
1130:
1126:
1118:
1114:
1093:
1089:
1080:
1076:
1069:
1052:
1045:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1006:
1002:
986:
985:
981:
967:
963:
950:
946:
928:
924:
915:
911:
902:
898:
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1179:December 2,
1154:December 2,
617:Long Island
591:Connecticut
498:Long Island
478:John Oldham
427:in western
401:New England
381:Connecticut
362:Frank Speck
338: 1840
311:Long Island
247:in western
230:led to the
197:Connecticut
1502:Categories
1409:21 (1947).
1316:(Amherst:
1170:"No title"
1145:"No title"
745:References
652:Pequot War
496:tribes on
468:Pequot War
462:Pequot War
456:Pequot War
354:Algonquian
232:Pequot War
195:people of
1463:_______.
989:cite book
775:Northeast
730:Moby-Dick
727:'s novel
718:Nantucket
668:Wampanoag
596:The 800+
577:Geography
476:in 1636,
358:PequttΓ΄og
345:Etymology
270:received
213:Wisconsin
207:, or the
107:Languages
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1362:______.
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658:and the
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492:and the
484:and the
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441:Hartford
436:smallpox
409:Plymouth
253:New York
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125:Religion
71:1972: 21
69:1910: 66
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1370:, 1984.
1302:, 1933.
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606:Ledyard
506:Ledyard
494:Niantic
482:Mohegan
417:Niantic
317:History
259:of the
224:Mohegan
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490:Mohawk
445:sachem
352:is an
350:Pequot
157:Pequot
705:Notes
642:, an
89:1,130
1181:2023
1156:2023
1063:ISBN
995:link
975:ISBN
876:ISBN
855:ISBN
838:2024
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