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part of the colony in
Albemarle Sound in May 1690, despite Virginia emigrant John Gibbs' refusal to concede power. Gibbs had filled the power vacuum after Sothel's departure and argued that the colony's Fundamental Constitutions required a resident governor, which Ludwell would not be based on his marital and business interests. Both Gibbs and Ludwell sailed to London by year's end, where the Lords Proprietor disallowed Gibbs' claim. The Lords Proprietor then explicitly revoked the Fundamental Constitution and in November 1691 issued another commission to Ludwell with explicit power to appoint a deputy governor for northern Carolina, and expecting that he would make
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493:. After quashing the rebellion, Lord Berkeley had been recalled and died in England in 1677. In 1680, the year of his second marriage, Philip Ludwell again became a member of the Governor's Council of State. Lady Berkeley, though now the colony's wealthiest person in Virginia (and with lands in North Carolina as well inherited from her first husband) and who remained so politically active that a faction was named after her main Green Spring plantation, continued to run her plantations using large numbers of slaves.
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had held a similar position as the 2nd governor of the
Albemarle Sound colony, William Berkeley had been one of the Lords Proprietor until his death, and she had inherited land there, some of which Ludwell sold to other proprietors in 1689. Ludwell managed to established a government for the northern
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Not only was Lady
Berkeley known as opinionated, Ludwell's continued outspoken views also put him at odds with Lt. Governor Herbert Jeffreys until Jeffrey's death and Ludwell's re-instatement to the Governor's Council upon petition of other burgesses. The conflict recurred later with Governor Francis
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the government seat. Ludwell soon appointed Thomas Jarvis as his deputy in North
Carolina. He arrived in Charles Town in April 1692, published his new commission and established a government, although he found affairs there chaotic and after leaving affairs in the hands of Thomas Smith and promising
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Despite her remarriage and moving for a time to the
Ludwell plantation at Rich Neck, Lady Berkeley never relinquished her title as Lady Berkeley before her death (probably at Green Spring and probably in 1695, though she would be reburied at Jamestown). Since she had no surviving children from her
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In
November 1674, Thomas Ludwell sailed to England, having authorized his brother to serve as the Virginia Colony's Deputy Secretary. In the mid-1670s, Philip Ludwell also appeared before Virginia's General Court to file audited accounts as well as filed lawsuits and present testimony, and also
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to represent them in the House of
Burgesses that year, Ludwell was not allowed to be seated (his son-in-law Daniel Parke won the new election and was seated). Ludwell would again carry a petition of Burgesses and Lady Berkeley to England circa 1791, and received a vote of thanks and 250 pounds
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In 1684 and 1685, after
Governor Howard arrived in Virginia, Ludwell was hired to build and remodel the statehouse and secretary's office in Jamestown. Around 1691, Ludwell became Lord Fairfax's agent for the Northern Neck Proprietary. He also bought lots in Jamestown.
455:, named after the leader, a nephew of Lady Berkeley, and whom she would denounce as a scheming and ungrateful malcontent. Col. Philip Ludwell led an unsuccessful raid upon Bacon's compound, before Bacon died of disease at what became known as
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Ludwell then returned to
Virginia politics, won election as one of James City County's two delegates (alongside Poynes Weldon), and fellow Burgesses elected him as speaker in the 1695-1696 session before Ludwell again sailed to England.
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served as the colony's surveyor general. In 1675, he was named to the
Council of State (both the upper house of the Virginia General Assembly and the advisory council to the governor) and would hold that position until 1677.
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Howard, so that Ludwell was again suspended from the Governor's Council in 1688 but sailed to England with a petition for relief signed by several burgesses. Thus, although James City County voters elected both Ludwell and
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Now an elder gentleman, Ludlow died in England, possibly in his native Bruton in Somerset, as late as 1723 according to a letter sent to Philip Ludwell Jr. by an English relative. He is buried at the family vault in the
366:. In addition to operating plantations in Virginia using enslaved labor, Ludwell also served as the first governor of the Carolinas, during the colony's transition from proprietary rule to royal colony.
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militia. After marrying his first wife and becoming the guardian for her son Lewis Burwell who had not reached legal age, he operated Fairfield, the Burwell family's plantation on Carter's Creek in
489:. In the interim, Lady Berkeley had sailed to England after the rebellion, hoping to save her husband's reputation, but was unsuccessful and ended up sailing back to Virginia with his successor,
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until 1677--both when Governor Berkeley died in London and Thomas Ludlow died later in the year in Virginia. Ultimately, the colony's capital was reestablished very near Middle Plantation at
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Although the date remains unclear, Philip Ludlow returned to England permanently after his wife's death, after entrusting his Virginia plantations and other property to his son.
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prior marriages, nor the last, Ludlow inherited her property, including Green Spring, that she had inherited from Gov. Berkeley and from her first husband, North Carolina Gov.
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Philip Ludwell had witnessed Governor Berkeley's will in March 1677, and three years later he became the third husband of Berkeley's widow,
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on both 5 December 1689 and again in November 1691. By this time, North Carolina residents had rebelled against the chaotic rule of
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This article is about the Virginia soldier and governor of Carolina. For his son, the Virginia planter and burgess, see
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to return in four months, returned to North Carolina (where Jarvis had fallen ill) and Virginia by May 1693.
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Cynthia Miller Leonard, Virginia General Assembly 1619-1978 (Richmond: Virginia State Library 1978) p. xx
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Ludwell patented large areas of land, and probably lived for a time with his brother Thomas at
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He married Lucy Higginson Burwell, the daughter of Captain Robert Higginson and widow of Major
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In 1676, both Ludwell brothers remained among the strongest supporters of Virginia governor
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Jamestown People to 1800: Landowners, Public Officials, Minorities and Native Leaders
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Both Ludwell brothers remained prominent residents of what some called
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626:. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company. pp. 266–267.
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British colonial governors and administrators in the Americas
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Jamestown Colony: a political, social, and cultural history
382:. He emigrated to Virginia circa 1661, where his brother
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The Story of Virginia's First Century, with bibliography
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was secretary of the colony, and fellow Bruton native
753:"Berkeley, Frances Culpeper Stephens (1634–ca. 1695)"
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1723) was an English-born planter and politician in
390:served several terms as governor, first under the
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698:. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. p. 26.
694:Grizzard, Frank E. Jr.; Smith, D. Boyd (2007).
521:in London appointed Ludwell as governor of the
409:and a daughter Lucy who married future burgess
425:In 1667, Philip Ludwell became captain of the
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69:5 December 1689 – May 1693
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868:This article related to the
302:planter, soldier, bureaucrat
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813:Leonard pp. xx, 49 and note
609:"Ludwell, Philip | NCpedia"
595:"Ludwell, Philip | NCpedia"
374:Philip Ludwell was born in
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963:British Empire stubs
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547:Later life and death
523:Province of Carolina
438:Rich Neck Plantation
230:1675-1679, 1680-1687
795:Stanard pp. 297-299
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89:Henry Duke
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572:Middlesex
277:Spouse(s)
259:, England
226:In office
201:1695–1696
197:In office
165:1698–1696
161:In office
120:1695–1696
116:In office
106:24th
65:In office
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763:27 March
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675:ncpedia
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350:1638 –
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264:Died
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