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Philip Massinger

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25: 161:, who would come to oversee the London Stage and the royal company as King James's Lord Chamberlain, succeeded to the title in 1601. It has been suggested that he supported Massinger at Oxford, but the omission of any reference to him in any of Massinger's prefaces points to the contrary. Massinger left Oxford without a degree in 1606. His father had died in 1603, and that may have left him without financial assistance. The lack of a degree and the want of patronage from Lord Pembroke may both be explained on the supposition that he had become 1509: 1091: 1475: 1528: 2432: 1134: 199:, begs for an immediate loan of five pounds to release them from their "unfortunate extremity," the money to be taken from the balance due for the "play of Mr. Fletcher's and ours." A second document shows that Massinger and Daborne owed Henslowe ÂŁ3 on 4 July 1615. The earlier note probably dates from 1613, and from this time Massinger apparently worked regularly with 296:, in which time and place are changed, Antiochus being substituted for Sebastian, and Rome for Spain. In the prologue, Massinger ironically apologises for his ignorance of history, and professes that his accuracy is at fault if his picture comes near "a late and sad example." The obvious "late and sad example" of a wandering prince could be no other than 1347: 403:
As noted above, Massinger placed moral and religious concerns over political considerations, in ways that offended the interests of king and state in his generation. While not a "democrat" in any modern sense (no one in his society was), Massinger's political sympathies, insofar as we can determine
416:
It seems doubtful whether Massinger was ever a popular playwright, for the best qualities of his plays would appeal rather to politicians and moralists than to the ordinary playgoer. He contributed, however, at least one great and popular character to the English stage. Sir Giles Overreach, in
336:, on 18 March 1640. In the entry in the parish register he is described as a "stranger", which, however, implies nothing more than that he belonged to another parish. He is buried in the same tomb as Fletcher. That grave can be seen to this day in the chancel of what is now 465:, a play by Simon Butteriss, was recorded and streamed by Wiltshire Creative, who commissioned it. The play is in verse and described as a revenge tragicomedy. The cast includes Samuel Barnett, Edward Bennett, Hubert Burton, Julia Hills, Jane How and Nina Wadia. 290:, refused to license an unnamed play by Massinger because of "dangerous matter as the deposing of Sebastian, King of Portugal," calculated presumably to endanger good relations between England and Spain. There is little doubt that this was the same piece as 921:
Some of these "collaborations" are in fact more complex: revisions by Massinger of older plays by Fletcher and others, etc. (It is not necessary to suppose that Massinger, Fletcher, Ford, and Rowley-or-Webster sat down in a room together to write a play.)
282:(licensed 1633) refers to two unsuccessful plays and two years of silence, when the author feared he had lost the popular favour. It is probable that this break in his production was owing to his free handling of political matters. In 1631, Sir 304:. In another play by Massinger, not extant, Charles I is reported to have himself struck out a passage put into the mouth of Don Pedro, king of Spain, as "too insolent." The poet seems to have adhered closely to the politics of his patron, 340:
near London Bridge on the south bank of the Thames. There the names of Fletcher and Massinger appear on adjacent plaques laid in the floor between the choir stalls. Next to these is a plaque commemorating
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More than a dozen of Massinger's plays are said to be lost, though the titles of some of these may be duplicates of those of existing plays. Eleven of these lost plays were manuscripts used by
404:
them from his works, might have placed him in a predicament similar to that of the head of the house he revered, the Earl of Pembroke—who found that he could not support King Charles in the
263:, Massinger continued to write regularly for the King's Men until his death. The tone of the dedications of his later plays affords evidence of his continued poverty. In the preface to 84: 385:
a complicated situation is solved by the decision of the heroine, Camiola, to take the veil. For this she is held up "to all posterity a fair example for noble maids to imitate."
139:
on 24 November 1583. He apparently belonged to an old Salisbury family, for the name occurs in the city records as early as 1415. He is described in his matriculation entry at
425:, a compound of the lion and the fox, and the part provides many opportunities for a great actor. He made another considerable contribution to the comedy of manners in 165:. On leaving the university he went to London to make his living as a dramatist, but his name cannot be definitely affixed to any play until fifteen years later, when 377:, and the supernatural element is freely used. Caution must be used in interpreting this play as an elucidation of Massinger's views; it is not entirely his work. In 2603: 152: 147:(1602), as the son of a gentleman. His father, who had also been educated at St. Alban Hall, was a member of parliament, and was attached to the household of 1555: 172: 1106: 936:
The list given above represents a consensus of scholarship; individual critics have assigned various other plays, or portions of plays, to Massinger—like
381:, however, the action is dominated by the beneficent influence of a Jesuit priest, Francisco, and the doctrine of baptismal regeneration is enforced. In 215:, 1658), and in an epitaph on the two poets he says: "Plays they did write together, were great friends, And now one grave includes them in their ends." 408:, and became one of the few noblemen to back the Parliamentary side. Massinger did not live long enough to have to take a position in that conflict. 2608: 1677: 316:. The attitude of Massinger's heroes and heroines towards kings is very different. Camiola's remarks on the limitations of the royal prerogative ( 1179: 1257: 1274:
T.S. Eliot, "Philip Massinger" (1920), available abridged in 'Selected Prose of T.S. Eliot' at 153 (Frank Kermode, ed.) Harcourt Brace 1975.
1375: 2039: 439:, and of the results of despotic rule on the despot himself and his court. Other favourable examples of his grave and restrained art are 1111: 2598: 1548: 1458: 2583: 2593: 2588: 2263: 308:, who had leanings to democracy and was a personal enemy of the Duke of Buckingham. The servility towards the Crown displayed in 1479: 373:, in which Dekker probably had a large share, is really a miracle play, dealing with the martyrdom of Dorothea in the time of 1925: 1385: 1357: 1239: 1229: 1218: 1208: 652: 158: 273:
and Sir Thomas Bland: "I had not to this time subsisted, but that I was supported by your frequent courtesies and favours."
1541: 305: 283: 1210:
Plays, from the Text of William Gifford, with the Addition of the Tragedy Believe As You List Edited by Francis Cunningham
2286: 148: 2552: 1377:
The Selected Plays of Philip Massinger: The Duke of Milan, The Roman Actor, A New Way to Pay Old Debts, The City Madam
1494: 1440: 1425: 1410: 1279: 270: 68: 46: 39: 1670: 926: 207:, Massinger's constant friend and patron, refers in explicit terms to this collaboration in a sonnet addressed to 2361: 2175: 345:(William's younger brother) who is buried in the cathedral, although the exact location of his grave is unknown. 224: 945: 2492: 2321: 2180: 1192: 628: 564: 2256: 2170: 2015: 1876: 1746: 780: 1585: 957: 619: 556: 539: 255: 200: 103: 88: 1533: 1198: 2528: 2520: 458:'s essay on Massinger. It includes the famous line, "Immature poets imitate; mature poets steal...." 2104: 1904: 1897: 1778: 1041:
The Judge, The Honour of Women, The Orator, The King and the Subject, Alexius, or The Chaste Lover,
847: 636: 260: 33: 2208: 2094: 1932: 1841: 1319:
Philip Massinger. Michel de Montaigne. Anthony Mundy. Thomas Nashe. George Peele. Thomas Randolph
700: 572: 396: 228: 2386: 2326: 2249: 2130: 1018:
The Noble Choice, The Wandering Lovers, Antonio and Vallia, Fast and Welcome, The Woman's Plot,
870: 816: 531: 422: 237: 50: 2146: 2057: 1991: 1946: 1732: 1625: 1565: 830: 737: 730: 676: 309: 1096:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
989:
Censorship and Interpretation: the Conditions of Writing and Reading in Early Modern England
2578: 2573: 2331: 2301: 2084: 2022: 1862: 1785: 938: 881: 788: 507: 297: 287: 176: 1152: 300:'s brother-in-law, the Elector Palatine. An allusion to the same subject may be traced in 187:
During these years he worked in collaboration with other dramatists. A joint letter, from
8: 2547: 2356: 2029: 1918: 1848: 1760: 1605: 1022: 796: 660: 596: 580: 337: 292: 278: 2451: 2341: 1939: 1869: 1855: 1792: 1739: 1725: 1711: 1704: 745: 692: 487: 342: 313: 265: 136: 2461: 2190: 2138: 2074: 2050: 1960: 1827: 1753: 1504: 1490: 1436: 1421: 1406: 1381: 1353: 1299: 1288:"The Shares of Fletcher and His Collaborators in the Beaumont and Fletcher Canon (I)" 1275: 1235: 1214: 965: 890: 821: 712: 604: 499: 405: 390: 388:
Conversely, characters in Massinger's plays sometimes masquerade as Catholic clergy (
167: 223:
After Philip Henslowe's death in 1616 Massinger and Fletcher began to write for the
2487: 2456: 2416: 2346: 2306: 2217: 2185: 2067: 1998: 1718: 1615: 1578: 1513: 900: 753: 722: 208: 124: 1321:. (Elizabethan bibliographies; Vol. 6). Port Washington, NY: Kennikat Press, 1967. 1191: 2401: 2391: 2351: 2122: 1806: 1697: 961: 811: 548: 232: 196: 144: 115: 1500: 2466: 2411: 2381: 2311: 2005: 1953: 1635: 1620: 973: 953: 904: 861: 834: 761: 684: 588: 427: 354: 204: 192: 162: 140: 109: 2567: 2514: 2421: 2406: 2371: 2336: 2296: 2291: 1911: 1834: 1813: 1610: 1303: 1187: 1115:. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 868–869. 1102: 1097: 979:
Subsequent work on Massinger includes Philip Edwards and Colin Gibson, eds.,
969: 668: 329: 2446: 2316: 1968: 1640: 1600: 1146: 838: 771: 644: 523: 249: 188: 1029:
The Forced Lady, The Tyrant, Minerva's Sacrifice, The Tragedy of Cleander,
584:, tragedy (rejected by the censor in January, but licensed 6 May 1631; MS) 135:
The son of Arthur Massinger or Messanger, he was baptised at St. Thomas's
2497: 2396: 1820: 1333:
Philip Massinger's The Roman actor and the idea of the play within a play
995:(Cambridge, 1984), and Martin Garrett, "Philip Massinger" in the revised 933:(c. 1616–19) may be a lost collaboration, with Fletcher and Field. 913: 515: 492: 455: 435:
was "the most perfect birth of his Minerva." It is a study of the tyrant
243: 1287: 454:
For an examination of William Shakespeare's influence on Massinger, see
2366: 2272: 1630: 1563: 857: 374: 151:. Herbert recommended Arthur in 1587 for the office of examiner in the 400:)—a violation of a sacrament that would be surprising for a Catholic. 2471: 1207:
Massinger, Philip; Gifford, William; Cunningham, Francis (May 2011).
474: 333: 98: 708:, tragicomedy (licensed 6 December 1623; revised 1634; printed 1647) 648:, tragicomedy (c. 1619–22; licensed 6 June 1634; printed 1655) 1522: 1518: 436: 83: 211:
on the publication of his folio edition of Beaumont and Fletcher (
1799: 1474: 1420:. (Twayne's English authors series; 435) Boston: Twayne, 1987. 120: 1485:
T. S. Eliot, "Philip Massinger" (1920), available abridged in
2241: 227:. Between 1623 and 1626 Massinger produced unaided for the 1206: 765:, comedy (c. 1612–15?; revised 1625?; printed 1647). 968:(1840), by Lt. Col. Cunningham (1867), and selections by 757:, comedy (c. 1612–15?; revised 1622?; printed 1647) 175:, 7 December 1621) appeared as the work of Massinger and 477:, Ian Fletcher, and Terence P. Logan. (See References.) 320:, Act V, Scene v) could hardly be acceptable at court. 519:, tragicomedy (licensed 3 December 1623; printed 1624) 2234:† = Not published in the Beaumont and Fletcher folios 956:(4 vols., 1759, revised edition with introduction by 929:
cook for lighting fires and making pies. The tragedy
332:, and was buried in the churchyard of St. Saviour's, 1335:. Stony Brook, State Univ. of New York, Diss., 1976. 576:, tragicomedy (licensed 11 March 1631; printed 1632) 527:, tragicomedy (licensed 17 April 1624; printed 1630) 1231:Contemporains Et Successeurs de Shakespeare (1881) 1045:The Prisoner, or The Fair Anchoress of Pausilippo. 894:, tragedy (licensed 6 October 1620; printed 1622). 851:, comedy (licensed 22 January 1626; printed 1647). 680:, tragicomedy (licensed 14 May 1622; printed 1647) 568:, tragicomedy (licensed 8 June 1629; printed 1630) 560:, tragicomedy (licensed 5 July 1627; printed 1636) 552:, tragedy (licensed 11 October 1626; printed 1629) 1489:at 153 (Frank Kermode, ed.) Harcourt Brace 1975. 1143:contains a list that has not been properly sorted 1033:The Italian Nightpiece, or The Unfortunate Piety; 696:, comedy (licensed 24 October 1622; printed 1647) 608:, tragicomedy (licensed 9 May 1636; printed 1655) 600:, comedy (licensed 31 October 1633; printed 1655) 2565: 1202:. Vol. XV (9th ed.). pp. 618–619. 952:Massinger's independent works were collected by 2604:17th-century English dramatists and playwrights 987:(London, 1991), chapters in Annabel Patterson, 960:, 1779), by J. Monck Mason (4 vols., 1779), by 503:, tragedy (c. 1621–3; printed 1623, 1638) 218: 87:Philip Massinger, copper-engraving portrait by 983:(5 vols., Oxford, 1976), Martin Garrett, ed., 815:, tragedy (c. 1619, printed 1632); adapted by 792:, tragicomedy (c. 1616–18; printed 1647) 688:, comedy (licensed 22 June 1622; printed 1647) 328:Massinger died suddenly at his house near the 312:'s plays reflected the temper of the court of 2257: 1678:The Masque of the Inner Temple and Gray's Inn 1549: 1346:Logan, Terence P.; Smith, Denzell S. (1978). 592:, comedy (licensed 25 May 1632; printed 1658) 473:The following scheme is based on the work of 468: 2040:Four Plays, or Moral Representations, in One 1183:), Halle 1879 (Leipzig: Univ., Diss., 1878). 1180:Anglia: Zeitschrift fĂĽr englische Philologie 97:(1583 – 17 March 1640) was an English 1259:Das Idealbild der Frau bei Philip Massinger 1016:In his edition, Gifford cites the comedies 875:, tragedy (c. 1616–24; printed 1639). 2264: 2250: 1556: 1542: 1349:The Later Jacobean and Caroline Dramatists 1345: 917:, comedy (c. 1615–18; printed 1656). 672:, history (c. 1619–23; printed 1647) 664:, tragedy (c. 1619–23; Printed 1647) 1405:. Cambridge : Cambridge Univ. Pr., 1985. 1338:Philip Edwards and Colin Gibson (Hrsg.): 1084: 656:, comedy (c. 1619–23; printed 1647) 640:, comedy (c. 1619–23; printed 1647) 511:, tragedy (c. 1621–6; printed 1639) 127:, and their political and social themes. 69:Learn how and when to remove this message 1255: 1227: 1101: 1082: 1080: 1078: 1076: 1074: 1072: 1070: 1068: 1066: 1064: 394:) and even hear believers' confessions ( 348: 253:. With the exception of these plays and 82: 32:This article includes a list of general 2609:English male dramatists and playwrights 1463:, Ball State University monograph, 1968 1446: 1340:The plays and poems of Philip Massinger 981:The Plays and Poems of Philip Massinger 535:, comedy (licensed 3 November 1624; MS) 2566: 1403:Philip Massinger: a crit. reassessment 1373: 800:, tragicomedy (c. 1619; printed 1647). 749:, comedy (1608–10; printed 1647) 411: 101:. His finely plotted plays, including 2245: 1537: 1317:Samuel A. and Dorothy R. Tannenbaum: 1186: 1123: 1061: 353:The supposition that Massinger was a 159:William Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke 2090:with Massinger, Chapman & Jonson 1127: 1039:and six plays of unspecified genre, 306:Philip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke 18: 1450:Philip Massinger and His Associates 1285: 1234:(in French). Kessinger Publishing. 991:(Madison, 1984) and Martin Butler, 149:Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke 13: 2100:with Massinger, Ford & Webster 1510:Works by or about Philip Massinger 993:Theatre and Crisis 1632–1642 784:, tragicomedy (1613; printed 1647) 741:, tragedy (c. 1607?; printed 1621) 38:it lacks sufficient corresponding 14: 2620: 2599:17th-century English male writers 1467: 1342:. London: Oxford Univ. Pr., 1976. 716:, comedy (c. 1625; printed 1637). 612: 2430: 1671:The Knight of the Burning Pestle 1526: 1473: 1433:Massinger: the critical heritage 1352:. University of Nebraska Press. 1328:. London: Longmans, Green, 1967. 1262:(in German). Piloty & Loehle 1132: 1089: 997:Dictionary of National Biography 985:Massinger: the Critical Heritage 23: 2584:Alumni of St Alban Hall, Oxford 1228:Mezieres, Alfred (March 2010). 357:rests upon three of his plays, 2594:Burials at Southwark Cathedral 2589:English Renaissance dramatists 2271: 1009: 544:comedy (c. 1625; printed 1632) 431:. In Massinger's own judgment 182: 16:English playwright (1583–1640) 1: 2212:(Shakespeare & Fletcher?) 1987:with Beaumont & Massinger 1487:Selected Prose of T. S. Eliot 1460:The Poems of Philip Massinger 1374:Gibson, Colin (25 May 1978). 1054: 480: 130: 2181:Beaumont and Fletcher folios 1435:. London : Routledge, 1991. 629:Sir John van Olden Barnavelt 269:(1632) he wrote, addressing 219:Massinger and the King's Men 7: 2171:English Renaissance theatre 1877:Rule a Wife and Have a Wife 1525:(public domain audiobooks) 1447:Lawless, Donald S. (1967). 946:The Second Maiden's Tragedy 632:, tragedy (August 1619; MS) 213:Small Poems of Divers Sorts 10: 2625: 2011:with Massinger & Field 1256:Röhricht, Irmgard (1920). 964:(4 vols., 1805, 1813), by 728: 557:The Great Duke of Florence 540:A New Way to Pay Old Debts 469:Canon of Massinger's works 449:The Great Duke of Florence 421:, is a sort of commercial 419:A New Way to Pay Old Debts 256:The Great Duke of Florence 104:A New Way to Pay Old Debts 89:Charles Grignion the Elder 2553:Defunct prisons in London 2540: 2506: 2480: 2439: 2428: 2279: 2232: 2199: 2161: 2114: 1978: 1926:The Custom of the Country 1886: 1770: 1687: 1662: 1649: 1573: 1519:Works by Philip Massinger 1501:Works by Philip Massinger 1193:"Massinger, Philip"  943:or the first two acts of 931:The Jeweller of Amsterdam 653:The Custom of the Country 195:and Philip Massinger, to 2134:(Middleton & Rowley) 2105:The Fair Maid of the Inn 2016:The Honest Man's Fortune 1905:The Little French Lawyer 1779:The Faithful Shepherdess 1453:. Ball State University. 1002: 848:The Fair Maid of the Inn 781:The Honest Man's Fortune 637:The Little French Lawyer 323: 2209:The History of Cardenio 2095:Rollo, Duke of Normandy 1842:The Humorous Lieutenant 1292:Studies in Bibliography 1199:Encyclopædia Britannica 1112:Encyclopædia Britannica 1037:Philenzo and Hippolita; 873:, or The Bloody Brother 770:With John Fletcher and 721:With John Fletcher and 573:The Emperor of the East 495:(c. 1621; printed 1632) 397:The Emperor of the East 53:more precise citations. 2287:Sir Francis Barrington 2131:Wit at Several Weapons 1478:Quotations related to 1431:Martin Garrett (Ed.): 1401:Douglas Howard (Ed.): 871:Rollo Duke of Normandy 532:The Parliament of Love 259:, produced in 1627 by 238:The Parliament of Love 231:, then playing at the 119:, are noted for their 91: 2058:The Two Noble Kinsmen 1992:Thierry and Theodoret 1566:Beaumont and Fletcher 1326:Beaumont and Fletcher 1149:for more information. 738:Thierry and Theodoret 731:Beaumont and Fletcher 349:Religion and politics 310:Beaumont and Fletcher 261:Queen Henrietta's Men 171:(registered with the 86: 2292:Bishop Edward Bonner 2085:The Maid in the Mill 2023:The Queen of Corinth 1933:The Lovers' Progress 1863:The Wild Goose Chase 1331:Naomi Conn Liebler: 1153:improve this article 939:The Faithful Friends 856:With John Fletcher, 829:With John Fletcher, 789:The Queen of Corinth 706:The Wandering Lovers 701:The Lovers' Progress 508:The Unnatural Combat 365:(licensed 1624) and 288:Master of the Revels 271:Sir Francis Foljambe 229:Lady Elizabeth's Men 153:Court of the Marches 2221:(possibly based on 2030:The Knight of Malta 1919:The Double Marriage 1849:The Island Princess 1761:The Noble Gentleman 1606:William Shakespeare 1457:Lawless, Donald S. 1286:Hoy, Cyrus (1956). 1175:On Philip Massinger 1023:The Spanish Viceroy 976:(1887–1889). 797:The Knight of Malta 661:The Double Marriage 581:Believe as You List 412:Style and influence 338:Southwark Cathedral 293:Believe as You List 2342:John Baptist Grano 1940:The Spanish Curate 1870:A Wife for a Month 1740:A King and No King 1733:The Maid's Tragedy 1124:General references 805:With Nathan Field: 693:The Spanish Curate 488:The Maid of Honour 383:The Maid of Honour 367:The Maid of Honour 343:Edmund Shakespeare 302:The Maid of Honour 266:The Maid of Honour 173:Stationers Company 92: 2561: 2560: 2239: 2238: 2191:Humphrey Robinson 2157: 2156: 2139:The Laws of Candy 2075:Wit Without Money 1961:The Elder Brother 1828:The Loyal Subject 1786:The Woman's Prize 1754:The Scornful Lady 1747:Love's Pilgrimage 1505:Project Gutenberg 1387:978-0-521-21728-6 1359:978-0-8032-2850-4 1241:978-1-160-83768-2 1220:978-1-172-74446-6 1170: 1169: 1107:Massinger, Philip 966:Hartley Coleridge 891:The Virgin Martyr 822:The Fair Penitent 713:The Elder Brother 605:The Bashful Lover 500:The Duke of Milan 441:The Duke of Milan 406:English Civil War 391:The Bashful Lover 371:The Virgin Martyr 361:(licensed 1620), 359:The Virgin Martyr 168:The Virgin Martyr 79: 78: 71: 2616: 2488:James Oglethorpe 2457:Marshalsea Court 2434: 2433: 2417:Robert Wingfield 2377:Philip Massinger 2347:Nicholas Grimald 2307:Robert Culliford 2266: 2259: 2252: 2243: 2242: 2218:Double Falsehood 2186:Humphrey Moseley 2068:The Night Walker 2045:with Shakespeare 1660: 1659: 1616:Thomas Middleton 1593:Philip Massinger 1579:Francis Beaumont 1558: 1551: 1544: 1535: 1534: 1530: 1529: 1514:Internet Archive 1480:Philip Massinger 1477: 1454: 1418:Philip Massinger 1398: 1396: 1394: 1370: 1368: 1366: 1314: 1312: 1310: 1271: 1269: 1267: 1252: 1250: 1248: 1224: 1213:. BiblioBazaar. 1203: 1195: 1177:. (in Vol. 2 of 1165: 1162: 1156: 1136: 1135: 1128: 1117: 1116: 1095: 1093: 1092: 1086: 1048: 1047: 1035:the tragicomedy 1013: 999:(Oxford, 2005). 927:John Warburton's 901:Thomas Middleton 723:Francis Beaumont 463:Making Massinger 276:The prologue to 235:, three pieces, 209:Humphrey Moseley 95:Philip Massinger 74: 67: 63: 60: 54: 49:this article by 40:inline citations 27: 26: 19: 2624: 2623: 2619: 2618: 2617: 2615: 2614: 2613: 2564: 2563: 2562: 2557: 2536: 2507:Books and films 2502: 2476: 2452:Debtors' prison 2435: 2431: 2426: 2402:Richard Shelley 2392:Sally Salisbury 2352:Charlotte Hayes 2275: 2270: 2240: 2235: 2228: 2195: 2164:and publication 2163: 2153: 2123:The Nice Valour 2110: 1980: 1974: 1888: 1882: 1807:Monsieur Thomas 1766: 1705:Cupid's Revenge 1698:The Woman Hater 1689: 1683: 1655: 1653: 1651: 1645: 1569: 1562: 1527: 1470: 1392: 1390: 1388: 1380:. 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Index

references
inline citations
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Charles Grignion the Elder
dramatist
A New Way to Pay Old Debts
The City Madam
The Roman Actor
satire
realism
Salisbury
St. Alban Hall
Oxford
Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke
Court of the Marches
William Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke
Roman Catholic
The Virgin Martyr
Stationers Company
Thomas Dekker
Nathan Field
Robert Daborne
Philip Henslowe
John Fletcher
Aston Cockayne
Humphrey Moseley
King's Men

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