415:
311:
22:
235:
541:
is found in the southeastern United States in lakes and ponds. Lagenidiosis causes progressive skin and subcutaneous lesions in the legs, groin, trunk, and near the tail. The lesions are firm nodules or ulcerated regions with
2234:
2219:
430:
Zygomycosis usually is a disease of the skin, but can also occur in the sinuses or gastrointestinal tract. In humans it is most prevalent in immunocompromised patients (
287:
It is suspected that pythiosis is caused by invasion of the organism into wounds, either in the skin or in the gastrointestinal tract. The disease grows slowly in the
517:
303:. Symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, depression, weight loss, and a mass in the abdomen. Pythiosis of the skin in dogs is very rare, and appears as
1643:
325:
pythiosis is the most common form and infection occurs through a wound while standing in water containing the pathogen. The disease is also known as
543:
480:
has been reported less commonly in humans and dogs. Horses are one of the most common domestic animals to be affected by entomophthoromycosis.
546:. Regional lymph nodes are usually swollen. Spread of the disease to distant lymph nodes, large blood vessels, and the lungs may occur. An
442:, etc) and patients in acidosis (diabetes, burns), particularly after barrier injury to the skin or mucous membranes. Zygomycosis caused by
284:
occupies swamps in late summer and infects dogs who drink water containing it. The disease is typically found in young, large breed dogs.
280:. Pythiosis occurs in areas with mild winters due to the organism surviving in standing water that does not reach freezing temperatures.
984:
Hensel P, Greene C, Medleau L, Latimer K, Mendoza L (2003). "Immunotherapy for treatment of multicentric cutaneous pythiosis in a dog".
503:
Zygomycosis of the sinuses can extend from the sinuses into the orbit and the cranial vault, leading to rhinocerebral mucormycosis.
1830:
1514:
370:
In cats pythioisis is almost always confined to the skin as hairless and edematous lesions. It is usually found on the limbs,
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is different from other members of the genus in that human and horse hair, skin, and decaying animal tissue are
1206:
1550:
40:
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1417:
2170:
962:
Todd-Jenkins, Karen (September 2007). "A new disease: clinically interesting for all the right reasons".
32:
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1218:
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infections of the upper respiratory system have been reported in humans, sheep, horses, and dogs, and
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2006:
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2013:
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cause chronic, local infections in otherwise healthy animals. The important species that cause
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337:. Lesions are most commonly found on the lower limbs, abdomen, chest, and genitals. They are
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1613:
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260:, and humans. In the United States it is most commonly found in the Gulf states, especially
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2029:
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is a water mould. Since both pythiosis and lagenidiosis are caused by organisms from the
8:
2238:
2151:
1879:
1871:
1705:
1297:
714:"Duodenal obstruction caused by infection with Pythium insidiosum in a 12-week-old puppy"
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2045:
1861:
1857:
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349:. It is possible with chronic infection for the disease to spread to underlying bone.
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Helman R, Oliver J (1999). "Pythiosis of the digestive tract in dogs from
Oklahoma".
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Wolf, Alice (2005). "Opportunistic fungal infections". In August, John R. (ed.).
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is the more aggressive species and is more likely to spread to other organs than
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385:
292:
833:
Grooters A (2003). "Pythiosis, lagenidiosis, and zygomycosis in small animals".
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614:. For pythiosis and lagenidiosis, a new drug targeting water moulds called
238:
Ulcerative and destructive skin lesion on a dog caused by
Pythium insidiosum
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Oomycosis: Pythiosis in the Dog, Horse and Cat and
Lagenidiosis in the Dog
222:
and not the kingdom fungi, they are sometimes collectively referred to as
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of mosquitoes. Two different species cause disease exclusively in dogs:
375:
361:
345:. The lesions often contain yellow, firm masses of dead tissue known as
273:
264:, but has been found in midwest and eastern states. It is also found in
176:
500:
can be contracted from insects and the feces of reptiles or amphibians.
2180:
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1955:
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are often used for two to three months following surgery. Humans with
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141:
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1970:
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has been used successfully in humans and horses with pythiosis. The
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causes large circular nodules on the upper body and neck of horses.
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of horses that may cause nasal discharge or difficulty breathing.
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lumps. Primary infection can also occur in the bones and lungs.
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causes a rapidly progressing disease of sudden onset in sick or
374:, and at the base of the tail. Lesions may also develop in the
2223:
1157:
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400:
For
Basidiobolus infection in humans (basidiobolomycosis), see
115:
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is found in soil and decaying plant matter, and specifically
304:
249:
170:
107:
1109:
431:
99:
983:
204:). The latter type of zygomycosis is also referred to as
257:
253:
103:
895:
1059:
712:
Liljebjelke K, Abramson C, Brockus C, Greene C (2002).
586:
in animals. Treatment is very difficult and includes
782:
590:
when possible. Postoperative recurrence is common.
2201:
898:"Infection with Basidiobolus ranarum in two dogs"
646:Ettinger, Stephen J.; Feldman, Edward C. (1995).
130:. Pythiosis, the most common type, is caused by
2279:
870:Consultations in Feline Internal Medicine Vol. 5
785:"Pythiosis with bone lesions in a pregnant mare"
896:Greene C, Brockus C, Currin M, Jones C (2002).
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820:
641:
639:
35:for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling
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707:
705:
594:show only limited effect on the disease, but
140:. Zygomycosis can be caused by two types of
961:
817:
783:Worster A, Lillich J, Cox J, Rush B (2000).
673:
636:
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832:
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751:
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702:
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1277:Trichophyton interdigitale/mentagrophytes
979:
977:
913:
800:
729:
618:is available, but it is very expensive.
59:Learn how and when to remove this message
970:(9). Veterinary Learning Systems: 18–20.
891:
889:
861:
669:
667:
648:Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine
413:
392:, in addition to decaying plant tissue.
309:
233:
1831:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
1515:Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis
746:
650:(4th ed.). W.B. Saunders Company.
407:For Mucorales infection in humans, see
94:is an uncommon condition affecting the
2280:
974:
626:for any type of phycomycosis is poor.
110:. The condition is caused by various
1033:
955:
886:
664:
554:can rupture and cause sudden death.
484:causes lesions in the nasal and oral
248:and occurs most commonly in dogs and
85:various species of fungi and oomycota
1746:Erosio interdigitalis blastomycetica
1486:Primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis
1482:Primary cutaneous coccidioidomycosis
295:, eventually forming large lumps of
15:
341:and itchy, and may be ulcerated or
13:
835:Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract
606:infections have been treated with
299:. It can also invade surrounding
118:, with individual forms including
14:
2309:
1016:
1731:Congenital cutaneous candidiasis
1510:Primary pulmonary histoplasmosis
1505:Primary cutaneous histoplasmosis
1212:Proximal subungual onychomycosis
20:
1836:Primary cutaneous aspergillosis
1477:Disseminated coccidioidomycosis
1202:White superficial onychomycosis
506:
1207:Distal subungual onychomycosis
930:
776:
395:
208:. Lagenidiosis is caused by a
1:
1551:Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
847:10.1016/S0195-5616(03)00034-2
629:
2099:Encephalitozoon intestinalis
1592:South American blastomycosis
1587:North American blastomycosis
1192:Tinea pedis (athlete's foot)
582:test has been developed for
229:
7:
2171:Granuloma gluteale infantum
1197:Tinea unguium/onychomycosis
942:The Merck Veterinary Manual
802:10.2460/javma.2000.216.1795
763:The Merck Veterinary Manual
731:10.2460/javma.2002.220.1188
10:
2314:
1219:Tinea corporis gladiatorum
998:10.2460/javma.2003.223.215
915:10.2460/javma.2002.221.528
511:The best known species of
406:
399:
2205:
2139:
2112:
2078:
2023:
2007:Syncephalastrum racemosum
1969:
1954:
1914:
1803:
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1071:
688:10.5326/15473317-35-2-111
600:terbinafine hydrochloride
102:, most commonly found in
81:
76:
2014:Apophysomyces variabilis
1576:Blastomyces dermatitidis
1291:Trichophyton schoenleini
1256:Epidermophyton floccosum
2095:Enterocytozoon bieneusi
2058:Conidiobolus incongruus
2000:Lichtheimia corymbifera
1925:Cryptococcus neoformans
1894:Pseudallescheria boydii
1383:Malassezia folliculitis
1305:Trichophyton verrucosum
566:Diagnosis and treatment
352:In humans it can cause
252:, but is also found in
242:Pythiosis is caused by
2298:Animal fungal diseases
2123:Rhinosporidium seeberi
2054:Conidiobolus coronatus
1793:Pneumocystis pneumonia
1782:Pneumocystis jirovecii
1711:Candidal onychomycosis
1701:Antibiotic candidiasis
1557:Paracoccidioidomycosis
1529:African histoplasmosis
1494:Histoplasma capsulatum
1466:Coccidioides posadasii
1284:Trichophyton tonsurans
460:Conidiobolus coronatus
427:
318:
239:
96:gastrointestinal tract
1866:Phialophora verrucosa
1696:Chronic mucocutaneous
1614:Talaromyces marneffei
1270:Microsporum audouinii
872:. Elsevier Saunders.
570:Diagnosis is through
417:
313:
237:
2040:Basidiobolus ranarum
2030:Entomophthoramycosis
1844:Exophiala jeanselmei
1741:Systemic candidiasis
1736:Perianal candidiasis
1600:Sporothrix schenckii
1523:Histoplasma duboisii
1462:Coccidioides immitis
795:(11): 1795–8, 1760.
724:(8): 1188–91, 1162.
676:J Am Anim Hosp Assoc
518:Lagenidium giganteum
469:Basidiobolus ranarum
456:entomophthoromycosis
402:Basidiobolus ranarum
214:species, which like
2152:Fungal folliculitis
1880:Geotrichum candidum
1872:Chromoblastomycosis
1716:Candidal paronychia
1706:Candidal intertrigo
1298:Trichophyton rubrum
2064:Conidiobolomycosis
2046:Basidiobolomycosis
1862:Fonsecaea compacta
1858:Fonsecaea pedrosoi
1726:Diaper candidiasis
1472:Coccidioidomycosis
986:J Am Vet Med Assoc
908:(4): 528–32, 500.
902:J Am Vet Med Assoc
789:J Am Vet Med Assoc
718:J Am Vet Med Assoc
584:Pythium insidiosum
527:biological control
428:
382:Pythium insidiosum
319:
297:granulation tissue
245:Pythium insidiosum
240:
39:You can assist by
2275:
2274:
2199:
2198:
2191:Phaeohyphomycosis
2176:Hyalohyphomycosis
2108:
2107:
2074:
2073:
1910:
1909:
1654:
1653:
1407:
1406:
1372:Malassezia furfur
1357:
1356:
1327:Hortaea werneckii
1314:
1313:
1263:Microsporum canis
992:(2): 215–8, 197.
841:(4): 695–720, v.
448:immunocompromised
89:
88:
71:Medical condition
69:
68:
61:
2305:
2293:Gastroenterology
2203:
2202:
2129:Rhinosporidiosis
2085:Microsporidiosis
2025:Entomophthorales
1967:
1966:
1944:Trichosporonosis
1670:Candida albicans
1644:Adiaspiromycosis
1449:
1448:
1438:
1437:
1429:
1428:
1378:Tinea versicolor
1139:
1138:
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1123:
1115:
1114:
1061:Fungal infection
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612:potassium iodide
592:Antifungal drugs
521:, a parasite of
494:Entomophthorales
452:Entomophthorales
386:chemoattractants
147:Entomophthorales
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1986:Rhizopus oryzae
1973:
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1421:
1416:
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1341:Piedraia hortae
1310:
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1234:Tinea incognito
1229:Tinea imbricata
1133:Dermatophytosis
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525:larvae used in
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2114:Mesomycetozoea
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2003:
1996:
1989:
1981:
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1964:
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1931:Cryptococcosis
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1903:
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1900:Allescheriasis
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1788:Pneumocystosis
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1638:Emmonsia parva
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1627:Scedosporiosis
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1606:Sporotrichosis
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1500:Histoplasmosis
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1216:
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1189:
1184:
1179:
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1177:
1175:Dermatophytids
1172:
1165:Tinea corporis
1162:
1161:
1160:
1145:
1143:
1136:
1121:
1112:
1083:dermatomycosis
1069:
1068:
1065:mesomycetozoea
1057:
1056:
1049:
1042:
1034:
1028:
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1018:
1017:External links
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608:amphotericin B
578:, although an
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464:C. incongruous
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266:southeast Asia
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2186:Keratomycosis
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2147:Alternariosis
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2080:Microsporidia
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1993:Mucor indicus
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1988:
1987:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1972:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1957:
1953:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1927:
1926:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1916:Basidiomycota
1913:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1882:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1868:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1821:Aspergillosis
1819:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1802:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1777:
1776:
1775:C. tropicalis
1772:
1770:
1769:
1768:C. lusitaniae
1765:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
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1719:
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1714:
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1702:
1699:
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1679:
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1667:
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1664:
1661:
1657:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1640:
1639:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1621:
1620:Talaromycosis
1618:
1617:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1582:Blastomycosis
1580:
1579:
1578:
1577:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1566:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1553:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1537:Lacazia loboi
1534:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1424:opportunistic
1419:
1414:
1410:
1398:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1363:Basidiomycota
1360:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1300:
1299:
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1279:
1278:
1274:
1272:
1271:
1267:
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1264:
1260:
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1253:
1252:
1250:
1246:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1154:
1153:tinea capitis
1150:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1055:
1050:
1048:
1043:
1041:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
980:
978:
969:
965:
958:
943:
939:
938:"Zygomycosis"
933:
925:
921:
916:
911:
907:
903:
899:
892:
890:
881:
879:0-7216-0423-4
875:
871:
864:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
829:
827:
825:
823:
821:
812:
808:
803:
798:
794:
790:
786:
779:
764:
760:
754:
752:
750:
741:
737:
732:
727:
723:
719:
715:
708:
706:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
670:
668:
659:
657:0-7216-6795-3
653:
649:
642:
640:
635:
627:
625:
621:
620:Immunotherapy
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
563:
561:
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553:
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536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
519:
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487:
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453:
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437:
433:
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421:
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410:
403:
393:
391:
387:
383:
379:
377:
373:
368:
366:
363:
359:
355:
350:
348:
344:
340:
339:granulomatous
336:
332:
328:
324:
316:
312:
308:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
285:
283:
279:
278:South America
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
246:
236:
227:
225:
221:
217:
213:
212:
207:
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197:
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185:
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172:
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148:
143:
139:
135:
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129:
125:
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117:
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109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
84:
80:
75:
63:
60:
52:
42:
36:
34:
29:This article
27:
18:
17:
2288:Dog diseases
2259:
2248:
2233:
2218:
2156:
2121:
2093:
2052:
2038:
2012:
2005:
1998:
1991:
1984:
1976:Mucormycosis
1937:Trichosporon
1935:
1923:
1892:
1886:Geotrichosis
1878:
1856:
1842:
1826:Aspergilloma
1813:
1780:
1773:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1691:Vulvovaginal
1668:
1636:
1612:
1598:
1574:
1549:
1535:
1521:
1492:
1460:
1445:(yeast+mold)
1413:Subcutaneous
1397:White piedra
1391:Trichosporon
1389:
1370:
1347:Black piedra
1339:
1325:
1303:
1296:
1289:
1282:
1275:
1268:
1261:
1254:
1224:Tinea faciei
1187:Tinea manuum
1182:Tinea cruris
1149:Tinea barbae
1128:Dermatophyte
1023:
989:
985:
967:
963:
957:
946:. Retrieved
941:
932:
905:
901:
869:
863:
838:
834:
792:
788:
778:
767:. Retrieved
762:
721:
717:
682:(2): 111–4.
679:
675:
647:
604:Basidiobolus
603:
596:itraconazole
583:
569:
560:L. karlingii
559:
555:
552:great vessel
538:
535:L. karlingii
534:
530:
522:
516:
512:
510:
507:Lagenidiosis
502:
498:Basidiobolus
497:
493:
489:
482:C. coronatus
481:
478:Basidiobolus
477:
474:Conidiobolus
473:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
443:
429:
423:
409:Mucormycosis
381:
380:
369:
351:
346:
334:
331:swamp cancer
330:
326:
323:subcutaneous
320:
314:
286:
281:
243:
241:
223:
215:
209:
206:mucormycosis
199:
193:
187:
181:
175:
169:
163:
159:Conidiobolus
157:
153:Basidiobolus
151:
145:
136:, a type of
131:
128:lagenidiosis
127:
123:
119:
92:Phycomycosis
91:
90:
77:Phycomycosis
55:
46:
33:copy editing
31:may require
30:
1961:Zygomycosis
1815:Aspergillus
1761:C. glabrata
1676:Candidiasis
1632:Emmonsiosis
1543:Lobomycosis
1333:Tinea nigra
1248:By organism
1142:By location
1073:Superficial
759:"Oomycosis"
616:caspofungin
396:Zygomycosis
376:nasopharynx
362:periorbital
321:In horses,
301:lymph nodes
274:New Zealand
177:Mortierella
142:zygomycetes
138:water mould
124:zygomycosis
2282:Categories
2261:DiseasesDB
2181:Otomycosis
2164:Fusariosis
1956:Zygomycota
1850:Eumycetoma
1686:Esophageal
1453:Onygenales
1433:Ascomycota
1119:Ascomycota
948:2007-02-03
769:2007-02-03
630:References
556:L. caninum
539:Lagenidium
531:L. caninum
513:Lagenidium
490:B. ranarum
450:animals.
426:sp. fungus
420:sporangium
365:cellulitis
343:fistulated
268:, eastern
211:Lagenidium
195:Rhizomucor
49:April 2024
41:editing it
2140:Ungrouped
1971:Mucorales
1442:Dimorphic
1106:endothrix
1078:cutaneous
624:prognosis
444:Mucorales
418:A mature
390:zoospores
358:keratitis
354:arteritis
305:ulcerated
270:Australia
262:Louisiana
230:Pythiosis
224:oomycosis
220:Oomycetes
201:Saksenaea
165:Mucorales
120:pythiosis
2158:Fusarium
1754:C. auris
1721:Candidid
1418:systemic
1170:Ringworm
1101:exothrix
1006:12875449
924:12184703
855:12910739
811:10844973
740:11990966
696:10102178
548:aneurysm
523:mosquito
432:HIV/AIDS
388:for its
372:perineum
335:bursatti
189:Rhizopus
2255:D020096
588:surgery
576:culture
436:elderly
347:kunkers
327:leeches
315:Pythium
289:stomach
282:Pythium
216:Pythium
183:Absidia
168:(e.g.,
150:(e.g.,
133:Pythium
1158:Kerion
1097:Piedra
1004:
944:. 2006
922:
876:
853:
809:
765:. 2006
738:
694:
654:
572:biopsy
486:mucosa
466:, and
434:, the
360:, and
333:, and
317:hyphae
276:, and
258:cattle
250:horses
198:, and
162:) and
126:, and
108:horses
82:Causes
2266:31329
2244:117.7
1807:-like
1662:-like
1660:Yeast
1568:Other
1319:Other
1239:Favus
1088:Tinea
580:ELISA
550:of a
424:Mucor
422:of a
171:Mucor
116:fungi
112:molds
2250:MeSH
2239:9-CM
1805:Mold
1681:Oral
1422:and
1110:hair
1108:) =
1092:skin
1063:and
1002:PMID
920:PMID
874:ISBN
851:PMID
807:PMID
736:PMID
692:PMID
652:ISBN
610:and
598:and
533:and
458:are
440:SCID
291:and
254:cats
156:and
114:and
106:and
104:dogs
100:skin
98:and
2235:ICD
2229:B46
2220:ICD
1940:spp
1075:and
994:doi
990:223
910:doi
906:221
843:doi
797:doi
793:216
726:doi
722:220
684:doi
574:or
537:.
515:is
472:.
2284::
2264::
2253::
2242::
2227::
2224:10
1484:.
1090:=
1085:):
1000:.
988:.
976:^
968:24
966:.
940:.
918:.
904:.
900:.
888:^
849:.
839:33
837:.
819:^
805:.
791:.
787:.
761:.
748:^
734:.
720:.
716:.
704:^
690:.
680:35
678:.
666:^
638:^
562:.
462:,
438:,
378:.
367:.
356:,
329:,
272:,
256:,
226:.
192:,
186:,
180:,
174:,
144::
122:,
2237:-
2222:-
2212:D
2097:/
2087:)
2083:(
2056:/
2032:)
2028:(
1978:)
1974:(
1963:)
1959:(
1864:/
1860:/
1464:/
1420:,
1415:,
1151:/
1135:)
1131:(
1103:/
1099:(
1094:;
1081:(
1053:e
1046:t
1039:v
1008:.
996::
951:.
926:.
912::
882:.
857:.
845::
813:.
799::
772:.
742:.
728::
698:.
686::
660:.
411:.
404:.
62:)
56:(
51:)
47:(
43:.
37:.
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