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399:, Lila Young, and Raw McRoberts—and piano "professors". Scrupulous in their dealings, the parlor houses were completely tolerated by the city at the time, but there were also the far more controversial "crib houses" such as the Midway, the Paris and Dreamland near the corner of Sixth Avenue South and King Street. Each had a hundred or more cubicles—"cribs"—and they were not known for any particular honesty in their dealings. The city health department conducted inspections and attempted to keep
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586:. However, by that time, the heart of Downtown Seattle had moved north. The building of Second Avenue Extension in 1928-29 reconfigured the eastern portion of the neighborhood, by extending a piece of the north-of-Yesler street grid south past Yesler and "slicing into buildings in its path". The cable car line serving the area was shut down on August 10, 1940.
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In
November 1891, when he was twenty-two years old, he moved across the country to Seattle, where he bought a piece of property on the outskirts, then opened a restaurant on Washington Street in the city's raucous Pioneer Square, a lively district of saloons, gambling parlors, and brothels. He called
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with a parade and display of antique and modern fire apparatus, demonstrations of fire fighter skills, food and craft booths, and a party. On June 6, 1998, the anniversary of the 1889 fire, fell on a
Saturday. This year the Festival took on additional meaning when the Fallen Fire Fighter Memorial was
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Much of the neighborhood is on landfill: in pioneer times, the area roughly between First and Second Avenue, bounded on the south by
Jackson Street, and extending north almost to Yesler Way (about two-and-a-half city blocks) was a low-lying offshore island. The mainland shore roughly followed what is
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Yesler Way, originally Mill Street, is the main east–west street through the
Pioneer Square neighborhood. Immediately south of the square itself, it was the dividing line between Maynard's original claim (to the south) and Boren's (to the north). It became Deadline, the northern border of the Great
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architectural mode, although influence of earlier
Victorian modes is also widespread. Because of drainage problems new development was built at a higher level literally burying the remains of old Pioneer Square. Anticipating the planned regrade, many buildings were built with two entrances, one at
427:
founded
Seattle's first Catholic Church, the Church of Our Lady of Good Help in the heart of this district, at Third Avenue South and Washington Street. Two decades later, Lou Graham opened the city's most famous parlor house diagonally across the street. Father Prefontaine is commemorated by a
610:" garage because of its appearance when viewed from 1st and Yesler; it stands to this day. Another proposal was to build a ring road which would have required destroying many of Pioneer Square's buildings. Many buildings were saved by the "benign neglect" of landowner
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and placed it in
Pioneer Place Park. When an arsonist destroyed the pole in 1938, the city sent the pieces back to the Tlingit tribe who carved a new one and gave it to Seattle (after finally getting paid for the one that was originally stolen).
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of 1889. By the end of 1890, dozens of brick and stone buildings had been erected in their stead; to this day, the architectural character of the neighborhood derives from these late 19th century buildings, mostly examples of
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prospered, part theater, part bar, part brothel, as did all sorts of gambling. Police only dared enter the neighborhood in teams. Perhaps the only safe haven in the neighborhood was the saloon "Our House", which rented out
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Henry
Broderick, approaching his 80th birthday in 1959, wrote of the neighborhood south of Yesler, "erhaps never in all history, certainly not in America, has there ever existed such a massive collection of the
215:
Pioneer Square–Skid Road
Historic District. This map also shows how Second Avenue Extension continues a piece of the north-of-Yesler street grid into the area south of Yesler Way. (The map dates from before the
771:
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375:, after a particularly corrupt police chief.), where low entertainment and vice were long tolerated. One of the earliest names, and one that stuck well into second half of the 20th century, was "
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resulted in the complete destruction of
Pioneer Square. However, the economy was strong at the time, so Pioneer Square was quickly rebuilt. Many of the new buildings show the influence of the
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now Yesler Way to about Fourth Avenue, then ran southeast, at an angle of about 45 degrees to the current shoreline. Slightly inland were steep bluffs, which were largely smoothed away by
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his new business the Dairy Restaurant and offered food, booze, and very likely the same "Private Rooms for Ladies" its predecessor, an establishment called the Poodle Dog, advertised.
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Like virtually all Seattle neighborhoods, the Pioneer Square neighborhood lacks definitive borders. It is bounded roughly by Alaskan Way S. on the west, beyond which are the docks of
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under control, but the state of medicine at the time was not such as to give them any great chance of success. Besides the brothels there were "an ungodly mixture of dives, dumps
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dedicated. Thanks to the work of Battalion Chief Wes Goss and his Memorial Committee the bronze sculpture was now in place. On a granite block is inscribed the name of each
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The Scheuerman Block is an example of the Victorian interpretations of the Romanesque Revival frequently applied to buildings erected shortly after the Great Seattle Fire
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north of Yesler does not line up with the neighborhood's other streets (nor with the compass), so the northern border of the district zigzags along numerous streets.
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to architect Ralph Anderson, whose rehabilitation of that building set the pattern for the neighborhood's rehabilitation. In 1970, preservationists such as
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The upper portion of the Drexel Hotel Building is a wood-framed structure that predates the great fire, but it was re-clad with new materials after 1945
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In the 21st century, Pioneer Square is home to art galleries, internet companies, cafés, sports bars, nightclubs, bookstores, and a unit of the
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Ochsner, Jeffrey Karl, and Andersen, Dennis Alan, "After the Fire: The Influence of H. H. Richardson on the Rebuilding of Seattle, 1889-1894,"
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732:
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1530:, Seattle Department of Neighborhoods: extensive information about historic buildings and structures in the Pioneer Square neighborhood.
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1472:, January 26, 2003. Article about the Collins Building in Seattle's Pioneer Square neighborhood. Accessed online December 1, 2007.
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Ochsner, Jeffrey Karl, and Andersen, Dennis Alan, "Meeting the Danger of Fire: Design and Construction in Seattle after 1889."
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239:, US. It was once the heart of the city: Seattle's founders settled there in 1852, following a brief six-month settlement at
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Restricted District, Maynardtown, Down on the Sawdust, the Lava Beds, the Tenderloin, White Chapel, or Wappyville, (after
1889:
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Washington Park Building on Washington Street in the Pioneer Square neighborhood. It was built in 1890 just after the
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Occidental Mall on a "First Thursday": the evening when most Pioneer Square art galleries start their new shows
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645:. The streetcar discontinued service on November 19, 2005, since its carbarn was razed to make room for the
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In some places, the Pioneer Square–Skid Road Historic District extends beyond these borders. It includes
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1971:
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1183:"National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form: Pioneer Square - Skid Row District"
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grouped in a restricted area." There were "parlor houses" with marquees, celebrity madames—among them
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1983:
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530:. Thousands of so-called "stampeders" passed through Seattle making the city's merchants prosperous.
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781:- Kon Yick Building, one of the last remnants of the historic Chinese presence in the neighborhood
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The neighborhood takes its name from a small triangular plaza near the corner of First Avenue and
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chose the site for his lumber mill, which was located on Elliott Bay at the foot of what is now
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247:. The early structures in the neighborhood were mostly wooden, and nearly all burned in the
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1546:. A visual history of Pioneer Square and immediately surrounding neighborhoods, by the
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567:), originally known as a comfort station and highly touted in tourism marketing, and a
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626:, and others succeeded in listing the neighborhood as historic district listed on the
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Map near top of Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park, Administrative History,
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Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington (state)
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SFD History:The 1990s. Seattle Firefighters IAFF Local 27. Retrieved July 25, 2009.
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Each spring since 1989, on the weekend nearest June 6, the city has celebrated the
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342:, right on the border between the land claimed (and soon thereafter platted) by
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service returned to Pioneer Square on May 29, 1982, with the opening of the
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598:. One proposal was to replace the buildings with parking garages to serve
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1451:, Seattle Department of Neighborhoods. Accessed online November 28, 2007.
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a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan
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was replaced with one such parking garage, commonly referred to as the "
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east of 4th Avenue S., and several city blocks south of S. King Street.
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Stylized lion, entrance of Grand Central Hotel, Squire–Latimer Building
630:. Later that year, Pioneer Square became a city preservation district.
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and was originally the Lowman and Hanford Printing and Binding Building
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1562:, includes numerous pictures of the neighborhood and the "underground"
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including that plaza and several surrounding blocks, is listed on the
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Distant Corner: Seattle Architects and the Legacy of H. H. Richardson
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Seattle/King Co. HistoryLink.org: Pioneer Square — Thumbnail History
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Guide to the Pioneer Square Preservation District Records 1970-1997
1384:, HistoryLink, December 2, 1998. Accessed online November 17, 2008.
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Distant Corner: Seattle Architects and the Legacy of H.H.Richardson
817:
Heritage Building, a typical early 20th century commercial building
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1191:(Original Boundary ed.). National Register of Historic Places
1120:, Seattle Department of Neighborhoods. Accessed November 29, 2007.
1095:"National Register Information System – (#70000086)"
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490:'s grandfather, owned the Dairy Restaurant on Washington Street.
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the old, low level, and another higher up. Visitors can take the
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The State Hotel Building preserves a sign from the Skid Road era
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service was instituted from Pioneer Square along Yesler Way to
1036:, Historical Society of Seattle and King County, Seattle 1986.
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The only hotel located in Seattle's Pioneer Square District.
614:. Although he rarely sold any of his buildings, he sold the
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Artist gathering at All City Coffee, Pioneer Square in 2007
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By the end of 1889, Seattle had become the largest city in
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Pioneer Square, March 17, 1917. In the upper-right is the
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All un-suffixed roads are streets unless otherwise noted.
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The settlement's importance was guaranteed in 1852, when
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Summary for 318 2nd Ave Extension / Parcel ID 5247800930
1256:. University of Washington Press. pp. 8–9, 30–31.
1411:
All in the Family: The Trumps and How We Got This Way
526:
in 1897 and 1898, Seattle was a center for travel to
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Source for "South of the Slot" and "Below the Line".
302:; by 5th Avenue S. on the east, beyond which is the
1578:
Gold Fever! Seattle Outfits the Klondike Gold Rush,
1496:, March 12, 2007. Accessed online December 3, 2007.
1053:Ochsner, Jeffrey Karl, and Andersen, Dennis Alan,
961:Barney's Loans continues as a pawn shop as of 2008
411:... the et cetera that kept the police guessing."
298:; by S. King Street on the south, beyond which is
1161:, Garden City, New York: Doubleday, p. 195,
1133:, University of Washington Press, Seattle, 2003.
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1129:Jeffrey Karl Ochsner, and Dennis Alan Andersen,
594:In the 1960s, Pioneer Square became a target of
2821:National Register of Historic Places in Seattle
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805:The Merchants Café, Seattle's oldest restaurant
714:Manufacturers Building now home to F. X. McRory
677:
428:street in the neighborhood, Prefontaine Place.
104:
79:
1670:Washington Street Public Boat Landing Facility
1382:Prefontaine, Father Francis Xavier (1838-1909)
738:The original Pioneer Square Totem Pole in 1907
552:In addition to the totem pole, a wrought-iron
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1890:
1600:
1023:Pioneer Square: Seattle's Oldest Neighborhood
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1904:
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1413:. London: Simon & Schuster. p. 12.
1325:
1225:
913:A political demonstration in Occidental Park
464:to see what remains of the old storefronts.
407:... pawnshops, hash houses, dope parlors and
1797:Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park
1614:
1305:Skid Road: Seattle, Her First Hundred Years
877:Looking west toward Pioneer Square at night
659:Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park
451:with 40,000 residents. That same year, the
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1897:
1883:
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1534:Seattle Post-Intelligencer: Pioneer Square
269:Pioneer Square–Skid Road Historic District
57:
1439:
1393:
1365:
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1334:
1221:
1219:
1211:Chapter 11: Establishing the Seattle Unit
973:Occidental Mall at night in February 2011
362:in the late 19th and early 20th century.
37:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
1566:Pioneer Squares Contemporary Art History
1270:
661:, the other unit of which is located in
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435:
386:1st Ave S, Pioneer Square district, 1901
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281:
210:
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1226:Boswell, Sharon; McConaghy, Lorraine.
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544:In 1899, a group of businessmen stole
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1878:
1588:
1524:, Seattle Department of Neighborhoods
1468:Magazine, a Sunday supplement to the
1408:
1279:"Wappenstein, Charles W. (1853-1931)"
1276:
1174:
1153:
154:Late Victorian, Romanesque (original)
1522:Pioneer Square Preservation District
1213:. Accessed online November 26, 2007.
1118:Pioneer Square Preservation District
1100:National Register of Historic Places
1073:The Day Seattle Burned: June 6, 1889
628:National Register of Historic Places
431:
277:National Register of Historic Places
1087:
889:Author reading at Elliott Bay Books
346:(to the south) and that platted by
13:
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220:was replaced by two new stadiums.)
14:
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2610:Intersections, plazas and squares
1515:
1181:Corley, Margaret A. (July 1969).
1021:Andrews, Mildred Tanner, editor,
925:Waiting room, King Street Station
684:Fallen Firefighters Memorial (Wu)
156:Italianate, Romanesque (increase)
29:Pioneer Square–Skid Road District
1544:Djidjila'letch to Pioneer Square
1528:Historic sites in Pioneer Square
1370:. Dogwood Press. pp. 37–42.
1355:. Dogwood Press. pp. 19–25.
1068:93 (Summer 2002), pages 115–126.
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575:were added to the park in 1909.
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750:Pioneer Square Totem Pole, 2007
652:
578:1914 saw the completion of the
493:
87:Show map of Seattle WA Downtown
2816:Tourist attractions in Seattle
1245:
1203:
1147:
1123:
1111:
1059:University of Washington Press
1027:University of Washington Press
697:who died in the line of duty.
164:
112:Show map of Washington (state)
1:
1080:
1050:17 (Spring 2003), pages 7–15.
672:
1828:Fallen Firefighters Memorial
1807:Pioneer Square Habitat Beach
1571:Pioneer Square Seattle Hotel
1483:Downtown: The First Downtown
1398:. Dogwood Press. p. 21.
1339:. Dogwood Press. p. 19.
690:Pioneer Square Fire Festival
678:Fallen Firefighters Memorial
18:United States historic place
7:
1228:"Chasing the wolves of sin"
1066:Pacific Northwest Quarterly
1002:
726:The heart of Pioneer Square
344:David Swinson "Doc" Maynard
231:in the southwest corner of
10:
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1061:, Seattle and London 2003.
1043:, Ballantine Books (1960).
1029:, Seattle and London 2005.
700:
681:
425:Francis Xavier Prefontaine
324:
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2733:
2717:
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2506:Lake Washington Boulevard
2466:
1912:
1851:
1838:Pioneer Square totem pole
1820:
1784:
1678:
1622:
1488:October 13, 2007, at the
1394:Broderick, Henry (1959).
1366:Broderick, Henry (1959).
1351:Broderick, Henry (1959).
1335:Broderick, Henry (1959).
829:Cast iron pergola, detail
538:Pioneer Square totem pole
199:
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163:NRHP reference
162:
150:
139:
131:
121:
65:
56:
52:
43:
34:
27:
23:
2806:Neighborhoods in Seattle
2516:University Way Northeast
1906:Neighborhoods in Seattle
841:Pioneer Building, detail
633:
602:. In 1962, the historic
589:
462:Seattle Underground Tour
254:Richardsonian Romanesque
151:Architectural style
2811:Pioneer Square, Seattle
2746:R.H. Thomson Expressway
2495:Cheasty Boulevard South
1616:Pioneer Square, Seattle
1462:An Art-full Restoration
1303:Morgan, Murray (1960).
1252:Morgan, Murray (2018).
865:Fisher Building, detail
200:Boundary increases
182: (increase 2)
177: (increase 1)
2782:47.60167°N 122.33194°W
2694:Spokane Street Viaduct
2029:International District
1833:Pioneer Square pergola
1506:SFD History:The 1990s.
1396:Early Seattle Profiles
1368:Early Seattle Profiles
1353:Early Seattle Profiles
1337:Early Seattle Profiles
985:Motorcyclists in 1915.
764:Pioneer Square pergola
647:Olympic Sculpture Park
565:Pioneer Square pergola
541:
519:
510:. On the left are the
467:Just before the fire,
444:
441:Pioneer Square pergola
387:
304:International District
291:
263:, originally known as
221:
158:Chicago (2nd increase)
46:U.S. Historic district
2699:State Route 99 Tunnel
1812:Waterfall Garden Park
1105:National Park Service
536:
501:
482:In 1891, German-born
439:
385:
285:
214:
2787:47.60167; -122.33194
2734:Never-built highways
2709:West Seattle Freeway
2601:Queen Anne Boulevard
1843:Prefontaine Fountain
1665:Union Trust Building
1645:Mutual Life Building
1409:Trump, Fred (2024).
1232:old.seattletimes.com
1034:Seattle in the 1880s
695:Seattle fire fighter
643:Waterfront Streetcar
616:Union Trust Building
546:a Tlingit totem pole
2778: /
2725:Alaskan Way Viaduct
2467:North–south streets
2302:University District
2081:Industrial District
1859:King Street Station
1706:Elm Coffee Roasters
1635:Interurban Building
1560:Seattle Underground
1277:Rochester, Junius.
373:Charles Wappenstein
243:on the far side of
126:Seattle, Washington
2831:Squares in Seattle
2511:Montlake Boulevard
2459:Streets in Seattle
2307:University Village
1989:Central Waterfront
1696:Cone & Steiner
1380:Junius Rochester,
1071:Warren, James R.,
762:The reconstructed
624:Victor Steinbrueck
542:
524:Klondike Gold Rush
520:
506:. Below it is the
457:Romanesque Revival
453:Great Seattle Fire
445:
418:safe deposit boxes
388:
292:
288:Great Seattle Fire
249:Great Seattle Fire
222:
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2760:
2531:East–west streets
2424:
2423:
1972:Broadway District
1872:
1871:
1780:
1779:
1767:Pizzeria Gabbiano
1747:The Double Header
1466:Pacific Northwest
1188:National Archives
584:Mississippi River
561:Julian F. Everett
432:Late 19th century
273:historic district
209:
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187:Significant dates
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2663:Nihonmachi Alley
2573:Diagonal streets
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2416:Whittier Heights
2287:South Lake Union
2133:Lower Queen Anne
1984:Central District
1899:
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1876:
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1757:The London Plane
1722:
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1716:Zeitgeist Coffee
1711:General Porpoise
1650:Pioneer Building
1640:Maynard Building
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1481:Marcie Sillman,
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366:"Below the Line"
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1967:Capitol Hill
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559:designed by
551:
543:
521:
494:20th century
488:Donald Trump
486:, President
481:
466:
446:
422:
389:
369:
356:
352:Carson Boren
348:Arthur Denny
336:Henry Yesler
333:
316:
293:
268:
264:
258:
229:neighborhood
224:
223:
203:July 7, 1978
15:
2785: /
2773:122°19′55″W
2741:Bay Freeway
2559:Pike Street
2554:Pine Street
2479:Alaskan Way
2317:Wallingford
2297:Squire Park
2240:Seward Park
2215:Portage Bay
2188:Haller Lake
2173:Mount Baker
2123:Laurelhurst
2106:Meadowbrook
1994:Cherry Hill
1937:Bitter Lake
1932:Beacon Hill
1732:ʔálʔal Café
1660:Smith Tower
1155:Jones, Nard
580:Smith Tower
522:During the
504:Smith Tower
312:street grid
296:Elliott Bay
245:Elliott Bay
2800:Categories
2770:47°36′06″N
2668:Post Alley
2585:Pike Place
2564:Yesler Way
2474:1st Avenue
2411:Windermere
2374:Fauntleroy
2312:View Ridge
2292:South Park
2235:Sand Point
2220:Queen Anne
2198:Maple Leaf
2096:Cedar Park
2061:Green Lake
2056:Georgetown
2024:First Hill
1999:Crown Hill
1947:Briarcliff
1942:Blue Ridge
1821:Public art
1752:Iron Horse
1742:The Casino
1429:1453469554
1081:References
673:Public art
612:Sam Israel
449:Washington
413:Box houses
397:Lou Graham
340:Yesler Way
261:Yesler Way
241:Alki Point
237:Washington
146:(original)
2544:Denny Way
2518:(The Ave)
2327:Northlake
2250:South End
2230:Roosevelt
2203:Pinehurst
2183:Northgate
2178:New Holly
2091:Lake City
2066:Greenwood
1957:Broadview
1952:Broadmoor
1785:Geography
1701:Dead Line
1623:Buildings
1288:March 26,
1254:Skid Road
1237:March 26,
1041:Skid Road
639:Streetcar
554:Victorian
469:cable car
393:demimonde
360:regrading
140:Architect
2677:Freeways
2540:(SR 523)
2502:(SR 522)
2490:Broadway
2399:Westwood
2379:Gatewood
2364:Delridge
2344:Westlake
2339:Wedgwood
2322:Meridian
2255:Brighton
2168:Montlake
2163:Magnolia
2086:Interbay
2046:Eastlake
2019:Belltown
2014:Downtown
1922:Atlantic
1762:OK Hotel
1679:Business
1486:Archived
1157:(1972),
1048:Columbia
1003:See also
514:and the
475:and the
377:Skid Row
218:Kingdome
180:88000739
175:78000341
170:70000086
122:Location
2486:(SR 99)
2394:Seaview
2384:Genesee
2225:Ravenna
2153:Madrona
2051:Fremont
1979:Cascade
1927:Ballard
1725:Defunct
1494:KUOW-FM
1195:June 2,
1159:Seattle
1143:passim.
701:Gallery
663:Skagway
557:pergola
540:in 2008
516:pergola
325:History
2704:SR 520
2651:Alleys
2265:Dunlap
2128:Leschi
1962:Bryant
1427:
1417:
1315:
1260:
1165:
1137:
667:Alaska
528:Alaska
477:Leschi
443:, 1914
409:
405:
310:, the
267:. The
2594:Loops
1917:Adams
634:1980s
590:1960s
308:plats
227:is a
132:Built
2689:I‑90
2354:Alki
2245:SoDo
1425:OCLC
1415:ISBN
1313:ISBN
1290:2017
1258:ISBN
1239:2017
1197:2024
1163:ISBN
1135:ISBN
777:The
569:bust
350:and
300:SoDo
271:, a
135:1853
2684:I‑5
571:of
379:".
165:No.
2802::
1492:,
1464:,
1441:^
1431:.
1423:.
1327:^
1307:.
1281:.
1230:.
1218:^
1185:.
1141:.
1103:.
1097:.
1057:,
1025:,
669:.
665:,
649:.
622:,
420:.
354:.
279:.
256:.
235:,
2450:e
2443:t
2436:v
1898:e
1891:t
1884:v
1608:e
1601:t
1594:v
1550:.
1321:.
1292:.
1266:.
1241:.
1199:.
563:(
518:.
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