Poetry - Knowledge

3233: 1650: 4909: 4108:. The strophe and the antistrophe of the ode possess similar metrical structures and, depending on the tradition, similar rhyme structures. In contrast, the epode is written with a different scheme and structure. Odes have a formal poetic diction and generally deal with a serious subject. The strophe and antistrophe look at the subject from different, often conflicting, perspectives, with the epode moving to a higher level to either view or resolve the underlying issues. Odes are often intended to be recited or sung by two choruses (or individuals), with the first reciting the strophe, the second the antistrophe, and both together the epode. Over time, differing forms for odes have developed with considerable variations in form and structure, but generally showing the original influence of the Pindaric or Horatian ode. One non-Western form which resembles the ode is the 1686: 5236: 4689: 2457: 5406: 2201: 2941: 4792: 3279: 2683: 97: 1666: 4507: 4426: 3360: 2729:

and Old English forms of poetry. The alliterative patterns of early Germanic poetry interweave meter and alliteration as a key part of their structure, so that the metrical pattern determines when the listener expects instances of alliteration to occur. This can be compared to an ornamental use of alliteration in most Modern European poetry, where alliterative patterns are not formal or carried through full stanzas. Alliteration is particularly useful in languages with less rich rhyming structures.

2725:"). Languages vary in the richness of their rhyming structures; Italian, for example, has a rich rhyming structure permitting maintenance of a limited set of rhymes throughout a lengthy poem. The richness results from word endings that follow regular forms. English, with its irregular word endings adopted from other languages, is less rich in rhyme. The degree of richness of a language's rhyming structures plays a substantial role in determining what poetic forms are commonly used in that language. 890: 5019: 4079: 2857:. Free verse is, however, not "formless" but composed of a series of more subtle, more flexible prosodic elements. Thus poetry remains, in all its styles, distinguished from prose by form; some regard for basic formal structures of poetry will be found in all varieties of free verse, however much such structures may appear to have been ignored. Similarly, in the best poetry written in classic styles there will be departures from strict form for emphasis or effect. 1970: 5319: 1908:(1929–2016) used the phrase "the anxiety of demand" to describe the contemporary response to older poetic traditions as "being fearful that the fact no longer has a form", building on a trope introduced by Emerson. Emerson had maintained that in the debate concerning poetic structure where either "form" or "fact" could predominate, that one need simply "Ask the fact for the form." This has been challenged at various levels by other literary scholars such as 2293: 3667: 3599: 2079: 1720: 1833: 2752: 2511: 4268: 11804: 11377: 5512: 1772: 2906:. These lines may be based on the number of metrical feet or may emphasize a rhyming pattern at the ends of lines. Lines may serve other functions, particularly where the poem is not written in a formal metrical pattern. Lines can separate, compare or contrast thoughts expressed in different units, or can highlight a change in tone. See the article on 4214:. Hafez uses the ghazal to expose hypocrisy and the pitfalls of worldliness, but also expertly exploits the form to express the divine depths and secular subtleties of love; creating translations that meaningfully capture such complexities of content and form is immensely challenging, but lauded attempts to do so in English include 1649: 3576:. The basic form of jintishi (sushi) has eight lines in four couplets, with parallelism between the lines in the second and third couplets. The couplets with parallel lines contain contrasting content but an identical grammatical relationship between words. Jintishi often have a rich poetic diction, full of 1885:), and to highlight the complex cultural web within which a poem is read. Today, throughout the world, poetry often incorporates poetic form and diction from other cultures and from the past, further confounding attempts at definition and classification that once made sense within a tradition such as the 3001:

stanza had eight lines, each having three "lifts" produced with alliteration or assonance. In addition to two or three alliterations, the odd-numbered lines had partial rhyme of consonants with dissimilar vowels, not necessarily at the beginning of the word; the even lines contained internal rhyme in

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poetry but goes back to the Homeric epic. Because verbs carry much of the pitch in the English language, assonance can loosely evoke the tonal elements of Chinese poetry and so is useful in translating Chinese poetry. Consonance occurs where a consonant sound is repeated throughout a sentence without

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Alliteration is the repetition of letters or letter-sounds at the beginning of two or more words immediately succeeding each other, or at short intervals; or the recurrence of the same letter in accented parts of words. Alliteration and assonance played a key role in structuring early Germanic, Norse

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has argued that while dactyls are important in classical verse, English dactylic verse uses dactyls very irregularly and can be better described based on patterns of iambs and anapests, feet which he considers natural to the language. Actual rhythm is significantly more complex than the basic scanned

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A limerick is a poem that consists of five lines and is often humorous. Rhythm is very important in limericks for the first, second and fifth lines must have seven to ten syllables. However, the third and fourth lines only need five to seven. Lines 1, 2 and 5 rhyme with each other, and lines 3 and 4

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The villanelle is a nineteen-line poem made up of five triplets with a closing quatrain; the poem is characterized by having two refrains, initially used in the first and third lines of the first stanza, and then alternately used at the close of each subsequent stanza until the final quatrain, which

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and subgenres. A poetic genre is generally a tradition or classification of poetry based on the subject matter, style, or other broader literary characteristics. Some commentators view genres as natural forms of literature. Others view the study of genres as the study of how different works relate

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to emphasize it and create a hard stop. Some patterns (such as iambic pentameter) tend to be fairly regular, while other patterns, such as dactylic hexameter, tend to be highly irregular. Regularity can vary between language. In addition, different patterns often develop distinctively in different

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noted that overlaid on top of the regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of verse was a separate pattern of accents resulting from the natural pitch of the spoken words, and suggested that the term "scud" be used to distinguish an unaccented stress from an accented stress.

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can often take the form of a "but" statement contradicting or complicating the content of the earlier lines. In the Petrarchan sonnet, the turn tends to fall around the division between the first two quatrains and the sestet, while English sonnets usually place it at or near the beginning of the

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The rejection of traditional forms and structures for poetry that began in the first half of the 20th century coincided with a questioning of the purpose and meaning of traditional definitions of poetry and of distinctions between poetry and prose, particularly given examples of poetic prose and

2966:, in which regular rhymes with established rhythms are not used, but the poetic tone is instead established by a collection of rhythms, alliterations, and rhymes established in paragraph form. Many medieval poems were written in verse paragraphs, even where regular rhymes and rhythms were used. 2420:

Each of these types of feet has a certain "feel," whether alone or in combination with other feet. The iamb, for example, is the most natural form of rhythm in the English language, and generally produces a subtle but stable verse. Scanning meter can often show the basic or fundamental pattern

3451: 5171: 3540:) or else an eight-line poem is normal; either way with the even numbered lines rhyming. The line length is scanned by an according number of characters (according to the convention that one character equals one syllable), and are predominantly either five or seven characters long, with a 2713:

are ways of creating repetitive patterns of sound. They may be used as an independent structural element in a poem, to reinforce rhythmic patterns, or as an ornamental element. They can also carry a meaning separate from the repetitive sound patterns created. For example,

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Specific poetic forms have been developed by many cultures. In more developed, closed or "received" poetic forms, the rhyming scheme, meter and other elements of a poem are based on sets of rules, ranging from the relatively loose rules that govern the construction of an

2808:. Some rhyming schemes have become associated with a specific language, culture or period, while other rhyming schemes have achieved use across languages, cultures or time periods. Some forms of poetry carry a consistent and well-defined rhyming scheme, such as the 3089:

Poetic diction treats the manner in which language is used, and refers not only to the sound but also to the underlying meaning and its interaction with sound and form. Many languages and poetic forms have very specific poetic dictions, to the point where distinct

1912:(1930–2019), who has stated: "The generation of poets who stand together now, mature and ready to write the major American verse of the twenty-first century, may yet be seen as what Stevens called 'a great shadow's last embellishment,' the shadow being Emerson's." 4238:) preserve "that audacious and multilayered richness one finds in the originals". Indeed, Hafez's ghazals have been the subject of much analysis, commentary and interpretation, influencing post-fourteenth century Persian writing more than any other author. The 5427:

organized the first slam. Slam performers comment emotively, aloud before an audience, on personal, social, or other matters. Slam focuses on the aesthetics of word play, intonation, and voice inflection. Slam poetry is often competitive, at dedicated

2978:, where a refrain (or, in the case of the villanelle, refrains) is established in the first stanza which then repeats in subsequent stanzas. Related to the use of interlocking stanzas is their use to separate thematic parts of a poem. For example, the 3043:, poets gained greater control over the mass-produced visual presentations of their work. Visual elements have become an important part of the poet's toolbox, and many poets have sought to use visual presentation for a wide range of purposes. Some 3002:

set syllables (not necessarily at the end of the word). Each half-line had exactly six syllables, and each line ended in a trochee. The arrangement of dróttkvætts followed far less rigid rules than the construction of the individual dróttkvætts.

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used in many nursery rhymes. However, a number of variations to the established meter are common, both to provide emphasis or attention to a given foot or line and to avoid boring repetition. For example, the stress in a foot may be inverted, a

4198:, and a number of major Sufi religious works are written in ghazal form. The relatively steady meter and the use of the refrain produce an incantatory effect, which complements Sufi mystical themes well. Among the masters of the form are 4186:

at the end of the second line. This refrain may be of one or several syllables and is preceded by a rhyme. Each line has an identical meter and is of the same length. The ghazal often reflects on a theme of unattainable love or divinity.

4817:. An elegy may also reflect something that seems to the author to be strange or mysterious. The elegy, as a reflection on a death, on a sorrow more generally, or on something mysterious, may be classified as a form of lyric poetry. 2819:

Most rhyme schemes are described using letters that correspond to sets of rhymes, so if the first, second and fourth lines of a quatrain rhyme with each other and the third line do not rhyme, the quatrain is said to have an AA BA

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prosaic poetry. Numerous modernist poets have written in non-traditional forms or in what traditionally would have been considered prose, although their writing was generally infused with poetic diction and often with rhythm and

5363:, or thought of as poetry composed casually, humor often makes a serious point in a subtle or subversive way. Many of the most renowned "serious" poets have also excelled at light verse. Notable writers of light poetry include 6493:

Kant argues that the nature of poetry as a self-consciously abstract and beautiful form raises it to the highest level among the verbal arts, with tone or music following it, and only after that the more logical and narrative

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In many forms of poetry, stanzas are interlocking, so that the rhyming scheme or other structural elements of one stanza determine those of succeeding stanzas. Examples of such interlocking stanzas include, for example, the

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The generation of poets who stand together now, mature and ready to write the major American verse of the twenty-first century, may yet be seen as what Stevens called 'a great shadow's last embellishment,' the shadow being

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within a line. In Modern English verse the pattern of stresses primarily differentiate feet, so rhythm based on meter in Modern English is most often founded on the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables (alone or

1597:, developed canons of poetic works that had ritual as well as aesthetic importance. More recently, thinkers have struggled to find a definition that could encompass formal differences as great as those between Chaucer's 1796:

This does not imply that poetry is illogical or lacks narration, but rather that poetry is an attempt to render the beautiful or sublime without the burden of engaging the logical or narrative thought-process. English

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late 7th century), at a time when Japan was emerging from a period where much of its poetry followed Chinese form. Tanka was originally the shorter form of Japanese formal poetry (which was generally referred to as

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Speculative poetry, also known as fantastic poetry (of which weird or macabre poetry is a major sub-classification), is a poetic genre which deals thematically with subjects which are "beyond reality", whether via

3214:. Vivid images are often endowed with symbolism or metaphor. Many poetic dictions use repetitive phrases for effect, either a short phrase (such as Homer's "rosy-fingered dawn" or "the wine-dark sea") or a longer 3530:). In all cases, rhyming is obligatory. The Yuefu is a folk ballad or a poem written in the folk ballad style, and the number of lines and the length of the lines could be irregular. For the other variations of 3232: 3260:. Described below are some common forms of poetry widely used across a number of languages. Additional forms of poetry may be found in the discussions of the poetry of particular cultures or periods and in the 2937:, and so on. These lines may or may not relate to each other by rhyme or rhythm. For example, a couplet may be two lines with identical meters which rhyme or two lines held together by a common meter alone. 2852:

Poetic form is more flexible in modernist and post-modernist poetry and continues to be less structured than in previous literary eras. Many modern poets eschew recognizable structures or forms and write in

2117:. Thus, Biblical poetry relies much less on metrical feet to create rhythm, but instead creates rhythm based on much larger sound units of lines, phrases and sentences. Some classical poetry forms, such as 1874:

reaction within the modernist schools to the breakdown of structure, this reaction focused as much on the development of new formal structures and syntheses as on the revival of older forms and structures.

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describe three genres of poetry—the epic, the comic, and the tragic—and develop rules to distinguish the highest-quality poetry in each genre, based on the perceived underlying purposes of the genre. Later

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is concluded by the two refrains. The remaining lines of the poem have an AB alternating rhyme. The villanelle has been used regularly in the English language since the late 19th century by such poets as

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which takes the poetic element of verse as representative of the entire art form. The word "verse" is often so used when contrasting the format of poetry with the format typical of most other writings:

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have challenged the traditional definitions of the sonnet form, rendering entire sequences of "sonnets" that often lack rhyme, a clear logical progression, or even a consistent count of fourteen lines.

3171:, repeatedly rendered in both verse and prose since first being recorded about 500 BCE, are perhaps the richest single source of allegorical poetry through the ages. Other notables examples include the 3707:"), and was used more heavily to explore personal rather than public themes. By the tenth century, tanka had become the dominant form of Japanese poetry, to the point where the originally general term 4520:

literature. This genre is often defined as lengthy poems concerning events of a heroic or important nature to the culture of the time. It recounts, in a continuous narrative, the life and works of a

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poetry 2 : writing that formulates a concentrated imaginative awareness of experience in language chosen and arranged to create a specific emotional response through meaning, sound, and rhythm

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poetry, tales, recitations of various kinds existed long before writing was introduced and these oral forms continued in modified 'oral' forms, even after the establishment of a written literature.

5344:. Although a few free verse poets have excelled at light verse outside the formal verse tradition, light verse in English usually obeys at least some formal conventions. Common forms include the 6041:

A small tablet in a special display this month in the Istanbul Museum of the Ancient Orient is thought to be the oldest love poem ever found, the words of a lover from more than 4,000 years ago.

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in verse dates to the 6th century B.C., and may have been an influence on the development of Sanskrit drama, just as Indian drama in turn appears to have influenced the development of the

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Sonnets are particularly associated with high poetic diction, vivid imagery, and romantic love, largely due to the influence of Petrarch as well as of early English practitioners such as

5261:"). While some examples of earlier prose strike modern readers as poetic, prose poetry is commonly regarded as having originated in 19th-century France, where its practitioners included 3544:

before the final three syllables. The lines are generally end-stopped, considered as a series of couplets, and exhibit verbal parallelism as a key poetic device. The "old style" verse (

3690:), structured in a 5–7–5–7–7 pattern. There is generally a shift in tone and subject matter between the upper 5–7–5 phrase and the lower 7–7 phrase. Tanka were written as early as the 1665: 1246:

establish a resonance between otherwise disparate images—a layering of meanings, forming connections previously not perceived. Kindred forms of resonance may exist, between individual

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essentially do not distinguish between the creation of a poem with words, and creative acts in other media. Other modernists challenge the very attempt to define poetry as misguided.

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allow for a logical flexibility applicable to many subjects. Poets from the earliest centuries of the sonnet to the present have used the form to address topics related to politics (

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Bala Sundara Raman, L.; Ishwar, S.; Kumar Ravindranath, Sanjeeth (2003). "Context Free Grammar for Natural Language Constructs: An implementation for Venpa Class of Tamil Poetry".

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poetry Literary work in which the expression of feelings and ideas is given intensity by the use of distinctive style and rhythm; poems collectively or as a genre of literature.

3139:, some poets have opted for a poetic diction that de-emphasizes rhetorical devices, attempting instead the direct presentation of things and experiences and the exploration of 2105:, a rhetorical structure in which successive lines reflected each other in grammatical structure, sound structure, notional content, or all three. Parallelism lent itself to 2393:, a four syllable metric foot with a stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables and closing with a stressed syllable. The choriamb is derived from some ancient 5446:

Performance poetry, similar to slam in that it occurs before an audience, is a genre of poetry that may fuse a variety of disciplines in a performance of a text, such as

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In some cases, particularly lengthier formal poetry such as some forms of epic poetry, stanzas themselves are constructed according to strict rules and then combined. In

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as a key element of successful poetry because form is abstract and distinct from the underlying notional logic. This approach remained influential into the 20th century.

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on, is the sonnet, which by the 13th century had become standardized as fourteen lines following a set rhyme scheme and logical structure. By the 14th century and the

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is sometimes seen as the "father of speculative poetry". Poe's most remarkable achievement in the genre was his anticipation, by three-quarters of a century, of the

3351:, or "turn," a point in the poem at which an idea is turned on its head, a question is answered (or introduced), or the subject matter is further complicated. This 11406: 3047:

poets have made the placement of individual lines or groups of lines on the page an integral part of the poem's composition. At times, this complements the poem's

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in Russian will generally reflect a regularity in the use of accents to reinforce the meter, which does not occur, or occurs to a much lesser extent, in English.

1354:). Thus if, for example, a poem asserts, "I killed my enemy in Reno", it is the speaker, not the poet, who is the killer (unless this "confession" is a form of 6212:

Gentz, Joachim (2008). "Ritual Meaning of Textual Form: Evidence from Early Commentaries of the Historiographic and Ritual Traditions". In Kern, Martin (ed.).

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In many languages, including Arabic and modern European languages, poets use rhyme in set patterns as a structural element for specific poetic forms, such as

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During the 18th and 19th centuries, there was also substantially more interaction among the various poetic traditions, in part due to the spread of European

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The methods for creating poetic rhythm vary across languages and between poetic traditions. Languages are often described as having timing set primarily by

1308:, "makers" of language – have contributed to the evolution of the linguistic, expressive, and utilitarian qualities of their languages. In an increasingly 7924: 2039:

also affects how rhythm is perceived. Languages can rely on either pitch or tone. Some languages with a pitch accent are Vedic Sanskrit or Ancient Greek.

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putting the sound only at the front of a word. Consonance provokes a more subtle effect than alliteration and so is less useful as a structural element.

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The early 21st-century poetic tradition appears to continue to strongly orient itself to earlier precursor poetic traditions such as those initiated by

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As with other forms with a long history in many languages, many variations have been developed, including forms with a quasi-musical poetic diction in

7112: 6292: 5332:, is poetry that attempts to be humorous. Poems considered "light" are usually brief, and can be on a frivolous or serious subject, and often feature 1199:, and emphasized aesthetics which distinguish poetry from the format of more objectively-informative, academic, or typical writing, which is known as 10200: 1628: 3808:) is among the oldest Thai poetic forms. This is reflected in its requirements on the tone markings of certain syllables, which must be marked with 11197: 9931: 9155: 1301:. Much modern poetry reflects a critique of poetic tradition, testing the principle of euphony itself or altogether forgoing rhyme or set rhythm. 9012: 9204: 2732:

Assonance, where the use of similar vowel sounds within a word rather than similar sounds at the beginning or end of a word, was widely used in

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The efforts of ancient thinkers to determine what makes poetry distinctive as a form, and what distinguishes good poetry from bad, resulted in "

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period), two of which corresponded directly to the aforementioned marks. It is usually regarded as an advanced and sophisticated poetic form.

3568:(701–762 CE). Among its other rules, the jintishi rules regulate the tonal variations within a poem, including the use of set patterns of the 3328:, and a greater amount of variety in rhyme than is usually found in its Italian predecessors. By convention, sonnets in English typically use 10773: 2162:

The formal patterns of meter used in Modern English verse to create rhythm no longer dominate contemporary English poetry. In the case of

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for effect. The juxtaposition of unexpected or impossible images is, for example, a particularly strong element in surrealist poetry and

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Rhyme consists of identical ("hard-rhyme") or similar ("soft-rhyme") sounds placed at the ends of lines or at locations within lines ("

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poetry 1 the art of rhythmical composition, written or spoken, for exciting pleasure by beautiful, imaginative, or elevated thoughts.

3855:). This was likely derived from when the Thai language had three tones (as opposed to today's five, a split which occurred during the 1939:

of a poem. Rhythm and meter are different, although closely related. Meter is the definitive pattern established for a verse (such as

10376: 2832:. Some types of more complicated rhyming schemes have developed names of their own, separate from the "a-bc" convention, such as the 5870:

Höivik, Susan; Luger, Kurt (3 June 2009). "Folk Media for Biodiversity Conservation: A Pilot Project from the Himalaya-Hindu Kush".

7068: 4096:. Forms of odes appear in many of the cultures that were influenced by the Greeks and Latins. The ode generally has three parts: a 1943:), while rhythm is the actual sound that results from a line of poetry. Prosody also may be used more specifically to refer to the 2784:. However, the use of structural rhyme is not universal even within the European tradition. Much modern poetry avoids traditional 2182:

are three notable poets who reject the idea that regular accentual meter is critical to English poetry. Jeffers experimented with

1335:(either classical or contemporary), or through other (often canonised) poets' work which sets some kind of example or challenge. 9897: 9771: 6998: 6437:

Burnett, Charles (2001). "Learned Knowledge of Arabic Poetry, Rhymed Prose, and Didactic Verse from Petrus Alfonsi to Petrarch".

1517:. Epic poetry appears to have been composed in poetic form as an aid to memorization and oral transmission in ancient societies. 8730: 8788:. Monographs in International Studies, Southeast Asia Series. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Center for International Studies. 1453:

to ensure fertility and prosperity; some have labelled it the world's oldest love poem. An example of Egyptian epic poetry is

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Qureshi, Regula Burckhardt (Autumn 1990). "Musical Gesture and Extra-Musical Meaning: Words and Music in the Urdu Ghazal".

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generally, became less common in the west after the early 20th century, some notable epics have continued to be written.

2824:. This rhyme scheme is the one used, for example, in the rubaiyat form. Similarly, an A BB A quatrain (what is known as " 2075:

poetry used a metrical pattern involving varied numbers of syllables but a fixed number of strong stresses in each line.

668: 9096: 1793:, which they generally understood as writing with a proclivity to logical explication and a linear narrative structure. 11142: 10164: 9907: 9858: 6767: 6733: 3552:, or regulated verse, which, despite the name "new style" verse actually had its theoretical basis laid as far back as 3157:

stories are central to the poetic diction of many cultures, and were prominent in the West during classical times, the

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and respond to characteristics of the language in which the poet writes. Readers accustomed to identifying poetry with

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Prose poetry is a hybrid genre that shows attributes of both prose and poetry. It may be indistinguishable from the

4688: 10352: 4726: 4230:) whose Preface addresses in detail the problematic nature of translating ghazals and whose versions (according to 4210:, 12th century Iranian Sufi mystic poet who Rumi considered his master, and their equally famous near-contemporary 3948:

has five syllables, the second has a variable number, also depending on the type, and may be optional. The type of

3218:. Such repetition can add a somber tone to a poem, or can be laced with irony as the context of the words changes. 2159:) tone. Certain forms of poetry placed constraints on which syllables were required to be level and which oblique. 9177: 5235: 1881:

goes beyond modernism's emphasis on the creative role of the poet, to emphasize the role of the reader of a text (

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employed classification as a way to define and assess the quality of poetry. Notably, the existing fragments of

10778: 10290: 5029: 4764: 3479: 2417:, often have concepts similar to the iamb and dactyl to describe common combinations of long and short sounds. 2050:

Metrical rhythm generally involves precise arrangements of stresses or syllables into repeated patterns called

1753: 1188: 1039:, evolving differentially across the globe. It dates back at least to prehistoric times with hunting poetry in 569: 5280:

Since the late 1980s especially, prose poetry has gained increasing popularity, with entire journals, such as

3195:(influenced by Aesop's) in the 17th century. Rather than being fully allegorical, however, a poem may contain 3102:

in poetry can range from strict employment of ordinary speech patterns, as favoured in much late-20th-century

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and the number of feet per line. The number of metrical feet in a line are described using Greek terminology:

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poems conveyed meanings in the initial letters of lines or in letters at other specific places in a poem. In

2494:(or pause) may be added (sometimes in place of a foot or stress), or the final foot in a line may be given a 11327: 9663: 8305: 7385:

Osberg, Richard H. (2001). "'I kan nat geeste': Chaucer's Artful Alliteration". In Gaylord, Alan T. (ed.).

6025: 5405: 3580:, and can have a wide range of subject, including history and politics. One of the masters of the form was 3387: 1846:

rely less on the ostensible opposition of prose and poetry, instead focusing on the poet as simply one who

1579: 9333: 10809: 10257: 3569: 3312:, though some variation, perhaps the most common being CDCDCD, especially within the final six lines (or 3158: 2437:

meter described above, and many scholars have sought to develop systems that would scan such complexity.

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There is debate over how useful a multiplicity of different "feet" is in describing meter. For example,

1991:, depending on how rhythm is established, although a language can be influenced by multiple approaches. 10944: 10274: 4865: 4243: 2800:. Arabic language poets used rhyme extensively not only with the development of literary Arabic in the 2624: 2477:

Different traditions and genres of poetry tend to use different meters, ranging from the Shakespearean

2286: 1266: 809: 794: 708: 2200: 11843: 11717: 11312: 11242: 10913: 10865: 9641: 7672: 5033: 4291:, but the term "narrative poetry" is often reserved for smaller works, generally with more appeal to 4057: 3304:, who is credited with introducing the sonnet form into English literature. A traditional Italian or 2110: 2044: 1847: 985: 38: 9118: 11132: 10898: 10547: 10400: 8601:

Limericks can be found in the work of Lord Alfred Tennyson, Rudyard Kipling, Robert Louis Stevenson

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nature. Poems in this genre tend to be shorter, melodic, and contemplative. Rather than depicting

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Even before the advent of printing, the visual appearance of poetry often added meaning or depth.

1574:. The Shijing, with its collection of poems and folk songs, was heavily valued by the philosopher 11452: 7979:

Sheets, George A. (Spring 1981). "The Dialect Gloss, Hellenistic Poetics and Livius Andronicus".

5570: 4885: 4663: 4489: 3711:("Japanese poetry") came to be used exclusively for tanka. Tanka are still widely written today. 3067:, or simply to create an aesthetically pleasing form. In its most extreme form, this can lead to 2179: 1984: 1789:. Later poets and aestheticians often distinguished poetry from, and defined it in opposition to 1397:

and other oral genres. Others, however, suggest that poetry did not necessarily predate writing.

848: 819: 814: 279: 63: 9552:

Dramatic poetry: Pound's 'Sestina: Altaforte' or Eliot's 'The Love Song of J. Alfred Proufrock'.

9208: 6244: 6238: 4791: 4239: 3725:

Haiku is a popular form of unrhymed Japanese poetry, which evolved in the 17th century from the

11162: 11017: 10987: 10686: 10310: 9414: 8866: 8860: 8412: 8406: 8280: 8274: 7471: 7258: 7252: 6940: 6114: 5270: 4334:. It has been speculated that some features that distinguish poetry from prose, such as meter, 3695: 3670: 3649: 3056: 2520:

Some common metrical patterns, with notable examples of poets and poems who use them, include:

2410: 2101: 1305: 858: 300: 10924: 9796: 8508: 8500: 7899: 7893: 7215: 7205: 6762:. Bloom's modern critical views (revised ed.). New York: Infobase Publishing. p. 7. 6054: 5815: 3735:. Generally written in a single vertical line, the haiku contains three sections totalling 17 2940: 2221:

In the Western poetic tradition, meters are customarily grouped according to a characteristic

11848: 11624: 11391: 11272: 11202: 11192: 10762: 6124: 6118: 5964: 5925: 5846: 5840: 5585: 5293: 4857: 4481: 3682: 3641: 3556:(441–513 CE), although not considered to have reached its full development until the time of 3412: 3278: 3227: 2917:, which are denominated by the number of lines included. Thus a collection of two lines is a 2801: 1980: 1810: 1593:"—the study of the aesthetics of poetry. Some ancient societies, such as China's through the 1359: 1312:

world, poets often adapt forms, styles, and techniques from diverse cultures and languages.

961: 824: 789: 773: 744: 249: 7549: 6012:' What I held in my hand was one of the oldest love songs written down by the hand of man .' 4311:

were composed of compilations of shorter narrative poems that related individual episodes.

3025: 11853: 11564: 11442: 11317: 11147: 11137: 11012: 10918: 10893: 10850: 10220: 9875: 9522: 7211: 6089: 5217: 4889: 4861: 3400: 3207: 2788:. Classical Greek and Latin poetry did not use rhyme. Rhyme entered European poetry in the 2682: 2629: 2486: 2470: 2422: 2281:. Iambic pentameter and dactylic hexameter were later used by a number of poets, including 2126: 1956: 1850:

using language, and poetry as what the poet creates. The underlying concept of the poet as

1632: 1598: 1328: 1234:

often leaves a poem open to multiple interpretations. Similarly, figures of speech such as

1168: 559: 431: 96: 17: 2237:" is a meter comprising five feet per line, in which the predominant kind of foot is the " 8: 11838: 11833: 11739: 11487: 11052: 11007: 10837: 10803: 10768: 10582: 10393: 9821: 9280: 9071: 6681: 5193:. Such poetry appears regularly in modern science fiction and horror fiction magazines. 4987: 4971: 4756: 4562: 4378: 4254:

In addition to specific forms of poems, poetry is often thought of in terms of different

3512:. Within this form of poetry the most important variations are "folk song" styled verse ( 3301: 3293: 3282: 3241: 3188: 3131: 2907: 2903: 2710: 2620: 2580: 2538: 2282: 2060: 1988: 1897: 1806: 1738: 1162: 1099: 904: 763: 471: 391: 366: 270: 7349: 7075: 5058:

to be spoken or sung, and appears in varying, sometimes related forms in many cultures.

4999: 3747:, or cutting word, usually placed at the end of one of the poem's three sections, and a 11729: 11659: 11654: 11574: 11332: 11287: 11227: 11167: 10788: 10756: 10557: 10542: 10251: 10047: 9893: 9658: 9407: 9051: 8990: 8976: 8765: 8614: 8453: 8200: 7996: 7849: 7522: 7464: 7147: 6427: 6337: 6169: 5895: 5808: 5441: 5301: 5266: 5165: 5096: 5081: 4940: 4893: 4833: 4715: 4625: 4477: 4469: 4429: 4327: 4169: 3740: 3687: 3140: 2765: 2718:

used heavy alliteration to mock Old English verse and to paint a character as archaic.

2673: 2606: 2550: 2482: 2262: 1996: 1960: 1901: 1836: 1782: 1502: 1324: 1294: 1135: 839: 768: 753: 663: 523: 453: 448: 416: 406: 371: 244: 11599: 8865:. Britannica Educational Pub. in association with Rosen Educational Services. p. 6410:

Boggess, William F. (1968). "'Hermannus Alemannus' Latin Anthology of Arabic Poetry".

11784: 11704: 11694: 11467: 11282: 11177: 11172: 11122: 11112: 10653: 10636: 10562: 10552: 10504: 10358: 10348: 10320: 10296: 10225: 10206: 10182: 10160: 10153: 10127: 10077: 10053: 10032: 10013: 10007: 9992: 9903: 9899:

A Critical Introduction to Twentieth-Century American Drama: Volume 3 Beyond Broadway

9854: 9682: 9620: 9526: 9513:

Dolby, William (1983). "Early Chinese Plays and Theatre". In Mackerras, Colin (ed.).

9493: 9468: 9443: 9418: 9385: 9360: 9313: 9288: 9260: 9235: 9124: 8916: 8870: 8839: 8814: 8789: 8742: 8709: 8672: 8647: 8622: 8512: 8476: 8457: 8416: 8388: 8364: 8340: 8284: 8204: 8163: 8138: 8113: 8072: 8047: 8019: 7959: 7903: 7872: 7853: 7812: 7772: 7699: 7582: 7557: 7529: 7500: 7475: 7417: 7390: 7353: 7262: 7219: 7004: 6965: 6915: 6878: 6841: 6840:. Cambridge textbooks in linguistics. Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–4, 130. 6763: 6729: 6704: 6657: 6632: 6592: 6534: 6509: 6467: 6442: 6390: 6365: 6342: 6248: 6217: 6192: 6128: 6093: 6060: 5968: 5957: 5929: 5918: 5899: 5887: 5850: 5819: 5786: 5761: 5555: 5409: 5345: 5262: 5254: 4983: 4869: 4579: 4573: 4506: 4398: 4374: 4231: 4207: 3856: 3630: 3374: 3333: 3329: 3305: 3203:

that deepen the meaning or effect of its words without constructing a full allegory.

3167: 3110: 2876:. These basic units of poetic form are often combined into larger structures, called 2829: 2584: 2572: 2524: 2514: 2504: 2478: 2234: 2016: 1992: 1940: 1863: 1700: 1562: 1535: 1402: 1375: 1111: 1089: 1078: 1073: 1036: 894: 863: 853: 627: 528: 401: 386: 335: 232: 8949: 6082: 5722: 4064:, and changing the spelling of words to satisfy the criteria is usually acceptable. 3106:, through to highly ornate uses of language, as in medieval and Renaissance poetry. 11674: 11664: 11644: 11512: 11497: 11492: 11352: 11307: 11262: 11237: 10720: 10071: 9956: 9515: 8972: 8945: 8445: 8192: 8039: 7988: 7841: 7411: 7139: 6567: 6419: 6327: 6161: 5879: 5701: 5424: 5380: 5090: 4933: 4453: 4370: 4366: 4278: 3618: 3289: 3178: 3173: 3103: 2948: 2789: 2438: 2394: 2171: 2167: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2012: 2004: 1973: 1905: 1855: 1609: 1339: 804: 550: 508: 411: 220: 77: 9986: 9702: 3135:

that "the greatest thing by far is to be a master of metaphor." Since the rise of

11828: 11609: 11594: 11589: 11554: 11529: 11502: 11477: 11462: 11447: 11426: 11337: 11322: 11092: 11042: 11002: 10725: 10715: 10674: 10626: 10477: 10450: 10286: 10121: 9100: 7459: 6757: 5497: 5485: 5455: 5376: 5200: 5196: 5186: 4991: 4979: 4975: 4912: 4881: 4873: 4829: 4748: 4740: 4658: 4485: 4410: 4406: 4394: 4235: 3677: 3645: 3424: 3378: 3363: 3337: 3183: 3068: 2998: 2963: 2865: 2793: 2761: 2610: 2385:—two unstressed syllables together (rare, usually used to end dactylic hexameter) 2336: 2266: 2092: 2089: 2032: 2008: 1843: 1798: 1730: 1676: 1617: 1583: 1454: 1379: 1316: 1290: 1270: 1262: 1130: 1020:

on a page, which follow a rhythmic or other deliberate pattern. For this reason,

1001: 878: 835: 579: 436: 426: 160: 104: 9232:

Beyond the screen: transformations of literary structures, interfaces and genres

8993:(Spring 1988). "Mystical Poetry in Islam: The Case of Maulana Jalaladdin Rumi". 8183:

Crisp, P. (1 November 2005). "Allegory and symbol – a fundamental opposition?".

7342: 4425: 3752: 1659:

from Nippur, Iraq. Ur III period, 2037–2029 BCE. Ancient Orient Museum, Istanbul

1604: 11774: 11754: 11734: 11709: 11699: 11684: 11669: 11639: 11604: 11584: 11534: 11524: 11519: 11507: 11482: 11472: 11357: 11222: 11212: 11152: 11087: 11027: 10992: 10982: 10608: 10592: 10282: 10148: 10091: 10043: 9846: 9041: 8505:

An Exaltation of Forms: Contemporary Poets Celebrate the Diversity of Their Art

8449: 7440:

Kiparsky, Paul (Summer 1973). "The Role of Linguistics in a Theory of Poetry".

6875:

The well-tun'd word : musical interpretations of English poetry, 1597–1651

6677: 5575: 5560: 5530: 5274: 5190: 5085: 5055: 5037: 5007: 4952: 4929: 4925: 4897: 4837: 4825: 4648: 4620: 4557: 4448:

and dramatic poetry, does not attempt to tell a story but instead is of a more

4386: 4331: 4323: 4292: 4227: 4165: 3573: 3557: 3520: 3499: 3385:

are among the most famous in English poetry, with twenty being included in the

3370: 3317: 3084: 3072: 3029: 2944: 2825: 2722: 2702: 2576: 2495: 2451: 2222: 2175: 2122: 2082: 2051: 2040: 2000: 1926: 1867: 1557: 1286: 1247: 1231: 1108: 1013: 997: 935: 799: 703: 518: 441: 330: 237: 70: 11549: 9548:

Dramatic Poetics and American Poetic Culture, 1865–1904, Doctoral Dissertation

7845: 6332: 6315: 4739:, subtitled "A Satire on the True Blue Protestant Poet, T.S." (a reference to 4567: 2840:. The types and use of differing rhyming schemes are discussed further in the 11822: 11808: 11764: 11749: 11744: 11689: 11679: 11649: 11629: 11614: 11569: 11539: 11457: 11437: 11381: 11292: 11267: 11062: 11057: 11032: 10831: 10334: 10117: 10067: 9093: 8380: 8356: 8332: 8196: 8016:

Broken English: dialects and the politics of language in Renaissance writings

7051: 5992: 5891: 5883: 5540: 5517: 5372: 5364: 5353: 5322: 5258: 5182: 5126: 5069: 5059: 5041: 4730: 4667: 4215: 4161: 4113: 4016: 3984: 3968: 3936: 3900: 3881: 3845: 3823: 3804: 3704: 3432: 3420: 3099: 3021: 3011: 2893: 2756: 2639:, is also in trochaic tetrameter, the natural rhythm of Finnish and Estonian) 2589: 2533: 2460: 2433: 2409:

rather than or in addition to syllabic accents in determining meter, such as

2304: 2238: 2183: 2064: 1886: 1878: 1871: 1851: 1656: 1640: 1542: 1488: 1431: 1363: 1309: 1278: 1192: 1118: 1064: 1017: 873: 713: 673: 421: 396: 381: 320: 11302: 11297: 9988:

Poetic designs: an introduction to meters, verse forms and figures of speech

9851:

Voicing American Poetry: Sound and Performance from the 1920s to the Present

8436:

Wang, Yugen (1 June 2004). "Shige: The Popular Poetics of Regulated Verse".

8160:

Allegorical poetics and the epic: the Renaissance tradition to Paradise Lost

8135:

Working through the contradictions from cultural theory to critical practice

7832:

Freedman, David Noel (July 1972). "Acrostics and Metrics in Hebrew Poetry".

4947:, inanimate objects, or forces of nature that illustrate a moral lesson (a " 3359: 1969: 11789: 11759: 11619: 11579: 11559: 11544: 11117: 11107: 11097: 11072: 11067: 10886: 10881: 10793: 10658: 10646: 10430: 10027: 9679:

Invisible fences: prose poetry as a genre in French and American literature

9104: 8496: 6753: 6749: 6728:(enlarged ed.). London and Basingstoke: Macmillan Press. p. 919. 6293:"'I don't care': text shows modern poetry began much earlier than believed" 6007: 5476:

movements in the 1950s and regard spontaneous, site-specific performances.

5341: 5313: 5246: 5230: 5131: 5121: 4967: 4877: 4735: 4703: 4525: 4439: 4390: 4335: 4078: 3691: 3610: 3445: 3428: 3416: 3404: 2841: 2821: 2785: 2746: 2699: 2594: 2426: 2402: 2398: 2265:", comprises six feet per line, of which the dominant kind of foot is the " 2242: 2132: 2068: 1964: 1909: 1893: 1882: 1614: 1485: 1446: 989: 981: 588: 513: 315: 215: 203: 11247: 9753: 7650: 6934: 2353:—two unstressed syllables followed by one stressed syllable (e.g. com-pre- 1067:

written during the 25th century BCE. The earliest surviving Western Asian

11779: 11769: 11634: 11342: 11232: 11047: 11022: 10997: 10735: 10703: 10664: 10509: 10435: 10372: 10196: 10174: 10095: 7804: 6589:

The classical tradition: Greek and Roman influences on western literature

5590: 5565: 5550: 5525: 5473: 5429: 5400: 5384: 5329: 5297: 5149: 5003: 4849: 4845: 4809:

song. The term "elegy," which originally denoted a type of poetic meter (

4795: 4722: 4692: 4671: 4585: 4501: 4445: 4414: 4382: 4288: 4173: 4101: 3913: 3787: 3637: 3614: 3602: 3396: 3341: 3162: 3148: 3033: 2983: 2873: 2833: 2809: 2687: 2650: 2528: 2414: 2270: 2072: 1821: 1817: 1786: 1749: 1513: 1415: 1394: 1060: 1056: 1009: 968:

or surface-level meanings. Any particular instance of poetry is called a

735: 574: 564: 462: 305: 175: 165: 138: 6439:

Poetry and Philosophy in the Middle Ages: A Festschrift for Peter Dronke

6053:

Chyla, Julia; Rosińska-Balik, Karolina; Debowska-Ludwin, Joanna (2017).

5318: 5018: 4246:, a collection of lyrical poems, is inspired by the Persian poet Hafez. 3036:

poems has played an important part in the overall effect of many poems.

1063:

valleys. Some of the earliest written poetry in Africa occurs among the

11347: 11207: 11082: 11037: 10696: 10621: 10587: 10514: 10499: 10487: 10455: 10416: 10240: 9181: 8092: 6572: 6555: 6173: 6149: 5913: 5610: 5493: 5388: 5368: 5239: 5212: 5141: 4841: 4821: 4752: 4643: 4638: 4473: 4465: 3593: 3408: 3257: 3147:

have pushed rhetorical devices to their limits, making frequent use of

3144: 2975: 2854: 2837: 2797: 2644: 2389:

There are a wide range of names for other types of feet, right up to a

2292: 2226: 2207: 2163: 1824:, during the Romantic period numerous ancient works were rediscovered. 1802: 1781:

Aristotle's work was influential throughout the Middle East during the

1775: 1745: 1643:

writes that an inscribed Greek poem predated Romanos' stressed poetry.

1520:

Other forms of poetry, including such ancient collections of religious

965: 949: 945: 725: 647: 503: 481: 123: 88: 9728: 8585: 8000: 7151: 6701:

Postmodernist culture: an introduction to theories of the contemporary

6591:(Reissued ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 355, 360, 479. 6431: 4590: 4295:. Narrative poetry may be the oldest type of poetry. Many scholars of 3666: 3598: 3484: 3474: 2902:

Poetry is often separated into lines on a page, in a process known as

2804:, but also with the much older oral poetry, as in their long, rhyming 2078: 11182: 11102: 10680: 10669: 10631: 10524: 8667:

McCllintock, Michael; Ness, Pamela Miller; Kacian, Jim, eds. (2003).

6833: 5468: 5333: 5073: 4768: 4707: 4633: 4517: 4362: 4284: 4088:

Odes were first developed by poets writing in ancient Greek, such as

3237: 3136: 3126: 3060: 3044: 2813: 2690: 2677: 2614: 2230: 2125:, had rigid grammars (to the point that they could be expressed as a 1832: 1734: 1723: 1719: 1672: 1575: 1553: 1423: 1215: 1158: 1068: 1044: 977: 868: 265: 170: 128: 10936: 8890: 8385:

Chinese Lyricism: Shih Poetry from the Second to the Twelfth Century

8361:

Chinese Lyricism: Shih Poetry from the Second to the Twelfth Century

8337:

Chinese Lyricism: Shih Poetry from the Second to the Twelfth Century

6165: 4510: 3236:

Statue of runic singer Petri Shemeikka at Kolmikulmanpuisto Park in

2872:. Also sometimes used are broader visual presentations of words and 2751: 2655: 2510: 2307:– one unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable (e.g. des- 2023:

are called syllable-timed languages. Stress-timed languages include

11252: 11217: 10708: 10597: 10519: 10465: 10440: 7992: 7143: 6423: 5580: 5489: 5420: 5360: 5349: 5204: 5140:. American poets of 20th century revive dramatic poetry, including 5101: 4814: 4801:

An elegy is a mournful, melancholy or plaintive poem, especially a

4773: 4760: 4615: 4610: 4605: 4595: 4267: 3909: 3577: 3553: 3526: 3321: 3297: 3200: 3154: 3118: 3040: 3017: 2934: 2635: 2390: 2350: 2339:– one stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables (e.g. 2195: 2106: 1944: 1525: 1507: 1390: 1355: 1243: 1235: 1172: 976:. Poets use a variety of techniques called poetic devices, such as 957: 758: 698: 488: 133: 113: 9772:"Honoring Marc Kelly Smith and International Poetry Slam Movement" 7074:. Fondazione Universitaria in provincia di Belluno. Archived from 6052: 3450: 11362: 11187: 11157: 10691: 10641: 10615: 10492: 10445: 7673:"Forms of verse: Free verse [Victoria and Albert Museum]" 7000:

Sexuality and Gender in the Classical World: Readings and Sources

6531:

The constructivist moment: from material text to cultural poetics

5488:

in 2018, are events which focus less on poetry as a prescriptive

5481: 5416: 5170: 5116: 5064: 4810: 4806: 4711: 4600: 4543: 4457: 4339: 4307: 4271: 4183: 4097: 4048:, two syllables in the second, and four syllables in the fourth. 3743:), structured in a 5–7–5 pattern. Traditionally, haiku contain a 3541: 3325: 3215: 3196: 3095: 3091: 3052: 2979: 2922: 2918: 2860:

Among major structural elements used in poetry are the line, the

2781: 2715: 2694: 2499: 2491: 2382: 2360: 2322: 2254: 2056: 1820:

and the attendant rise in global trade. In addition to a boom in

1761: 1692: 1621: 1590: 1582:. His remarks on the subject have become an invaluable source in 1530: 1475: 1470: 1427: 1298: 1254: 1211: 1150: 1103: 1085: 1048: 1029: 1025: 940: 730: 607: 493: 476: 357: 325: 310: 295: 153: 11803: 11376: 10126:(4th rev. ed.). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 9259:(reprint ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 22–45. 5511: 4020:) is the most common form still currently employed. It has four 3320:

follows the rhyme scheme ABAB CDCD EFEF GG, introducing a third

2325:—one stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable (e.g. 11277: 10730: 10602: 8963:

Sequeira, Isaac (1 June 1981). "The Mystique of the Mushaira".

8706:

Haiku moment: an anthology of contemporary North American haiku

6316:"Less Care, More Stress: A Rythmyic Poem From the Romas Empire" 5136: 5106: 5022: 4936: 4802: 4744: 4699: 4676: 4552: 4548: 4461: 4449: 4343: 4315: 4203: 4195: 4125: 4109: 4093: 4089: 4082: 3744: 3584:(712–770 CE), who wrote during the Tang Dynasty (8th century). 3565: 3489: 3273: 3253: 3114: 3048: 2971: 2956: 2930: 2926: 2914: 2897: 2881: 2861: 2805: 2777: 2773: 2565: 2560: 2278: 2258: 2250: 2246: 2214: 2204: 2096: 1932: 1757: 1571: 1548: 1497: 1492: 1450: 1239: 1219: 1184: 1124: 1040: 993: 953: 720: 693: 642: 637: 612: 597: 182: 143: 11421: 9591:"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock | Modern American Poetry" 9490:

Sanskrit Drama in its origin, development, theory and practice

7130:

Kiparsky, Paul (September 1975). "Stress, Syntax, and Meter".

4706:

had a strong tradition of satirical poetry, often written for

3636:

rhyme with each other. Practitioners of the limerick included

2990:

of the ode form are often separated into one or more stanzas.

2289:, respectively. The most common metrical feet in English are: 11722: 11127: 10482: 10385: 9037: 7416:. Translated by Pinsky, Robert. Farrar, Straus & Giroux. 5615: 5451: 5447: 5208: 5051: 4963: 4956: 4948: 4944: 4919: 4786: 4537: 4532: 4358: 4319: 4301: 4296: 4255: 4211: 4105: 3732: 3727: 3720: 3661: 3581: 3536: 3514: 3458: 3454: 3249: 3211: 3122: 3064: 2994: 2987: 2869: 2733: 2669: 2555: 2421:

underlying a verse, but does not show the varying degrees of

2296: 2274: 2118: 1790: 1771: 1765: 1480: 1464: 1411: 1320: 1282: 1258: 1223: 1200: 1196: 1176: 1144: 1139: 1128:); or from a need to retell oral epics, as with the Egyptian 1005: 617: 602: 498: 275: 227: 198: 118: 10224: 9312:. Modern Humanities Research Association. pp. 171–175. 7306: 4060:" syllables are allowed in place of syllables which require 3751:, or season-word. The most famous exponent of the haiku was 11077: 10262:

Dialectics and Humanism: The Polish Philosophical Quarterly

8669:

The tanka anthology: tanka in English from around the world

7869:

Reading the Visual – 17th century poetry and visual culture

5111: 4653: 4521: 4354: 4347: 4199: 4191: 3988:). The two differ in the number of syllables in the second 3905: 3748: 1521: 1419: 1347: 1332: 1274: 1180: 1095: 1052: 973: 622: 148: 9013:"Attar, the Sufi Poet and Master of Rumi, by Sholeh Wolpé" 5496:

act and performance, often incorporating broader forms of

3206:

Another element of poetic diction can be the use of vivid

1556:. The earliest entries in the oldest extant collection of 1338:

In first-person poems, the lyrics are spoken by an "I", a

1206:

Poetry uses forms and conventions to suggest differential

10909:

List of people considered a founder in a Humanities field

10472: 10280: 8838:(Reprint ed.). Kessinger Publishing. p. lxxxv. 8612: 5635:. However, in some forms, the unit is more equivalent to 5337: 5211:(which, due to its very speculative nature, he termed a " 5174: 5077: 5045: 4073: 3956:

in a stanza; it may also be divided into two main types:

2273:, the earliest extant examples of which are the works of 2269:". Dactylic hexameter was the traditional meter of Greek 1827: 1389:

Some scholars believe that the art of poetry may predate

632: 10155:

The Well Wrought Urn: Studies in the Structure of Poetry

9467:(10th ed.). Wadsworth Cengage Learning. p. 9. 8475:(2nd ed.). Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. p. 119. 7528:. University of California Press. pp. x–xi, 38–42. 6189:

A poetics handbook: verbal art in the European tradition

3288:

Among the most common forms of poetry, popular from the

2816:, while other poetic forms have variable rhyme schemes. 1675:

was influential in the developed approach to poetry and

62:

This article is about the art form. For other uses, see

10535: 9565: 7958:(2nd ed.). Wesleyan University Press. p. 41. 7809:

Companion to Old Norse-Icelandic Literature and Culture

5842:

The Harvill Book of Twentieth-Century Poetry in English

4182:

has from five to fifteen rhyming couplets that share a

3300:, whose sonnets were translated in the 16th century by 2880:

or poetic modes (see the following section), as in the

9619:. Science Fiction Poetry Association. pp. 11–17. 9285:

Lyric poetry : the pain and the pleasure of words

8218:

Gilbert, Richard (2004). "The Disjunctive Dragonfly".

6964:. Northwestern University Press. pp. 24, 44, 47. 6491:. Translated by Bernard, J. H. Macmillan. p. 131. 5995:(Revised ed.). Penguin Books. 1972. pp. 7–8. 5950: 5948: 4820:

Notable practitioners of elegiac poetry have included

4516:

Epic poetry is a genre of poetry, and a major form of

2868:, and larger combinations of stanzas or lines such as 1088:

continent evolved from folk songs such as the Chinese

8666: 8473:

A brief history of Chinese and Japanese civilizations

7003:, Oxford, England: Blackwell Publishers, p. 38, 6656:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–7, 38, 156. 6631:. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. p. 148. 4721:

The same is true of the English satirical tradition.

3560:(661–702 CE). A good example of a poet known for his 3296:, the form had further crystallized under the pen of 2166:, rhythm is often organized based on looser units of 9517:

Chinese Theater: From Its Origins to the Present Day

6914:. Society of Biblical Literature. pp. 211–213. 6216:. University of Washington Press. pp. 124–148. 6150:"In Quest of Harmony: Plato and Confucius on Poetry" 5507: 4674:

in 1992 to a great extent on the basis of his epic,

4177: 4155: 4149: 4143: 4137: 4131: 3391:. However, the twists and turns associated with the 10235:. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). pp. 1041–1047. 9334:"The Nobel Prize in Literature 1992: Derek Walcott" 9094:

Hafiz and the Place of Iranian Culture in the World

6629:

Why write poetry?: modern poets defending their art

5945: 5781:Eliot, T. S. (1999) . "The Function of Criticism". 4314:Much narrative poetry—such as Scottish and English 4283:Narrative poetry is a genre of poetry that tells a 3534:poetry, generally either a four line (quatrain, or 2955:" ("Night, street, lamp, drugstore"), on a wall in 10340:The Oxford Book of Twentieth Century English Verse 10152: 10031: 9764: 9754:"Haibun Today: A Haibun & Tanka Prose Journal" 9514: 9406: 7521: 7463: 7341: 6081: 5956: 5917: 5807: 5296:of the 20th century who wrote prose poems include 2910:for information about the division between lines. 1187:. Later attempts concentrated on features such as 10202:The Ode Less Travelled: Unlocking the Poet Within 8834:Gayley, Charles Mills; Young, Clement C. (2005). 8760: 8758: 6612:Wimsatt, William K. Jr.; Brooks, Cleanth (1957). 6267: 5639:. To avoid confusion, this article will refer to 4044:has two or four syllables in the first and third 2663: 1157:Ancient Greek attempts to define poetry, such as 11820: 10252:Poetry, Music and Narrative – The Science of Art 10123:The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics 8786:The indigenization of Pali meters in Thai poetry 6688:. Farrar, Straus & Giroux. pp. 142–148. 5500:while poetry is read or created in that moment. 2147:) tones, a category consisting of the rising (上 1445:BCE, describes an annual rite in which the king 10264:, vol. II, no. 2 (spring 1975), pp. 13–24. 9667:, vol. LXII, no. 2 (5 February 2015), pp. 4, 6. 9230:Schafer, Jorgen; Gendolla, Peter, eds. (2010). 9229: 8137:. Bucknell University Press. pp. 124–125. 7769:Middle English Literature: a guide to criticism 7499:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 21–22. 6466:. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 239. 6389:(Reprint ed.). Routledge. pp. 57–59. 5683:. Oxford University Press. 2013. Archived from 2113:performance, which could also be reinforced by 9681:. University of Nebraska Press. pp. 4–9. 9463:Harpham, Geoffrey Galt; Abrams, M. H. (2011). 9384:. Vol. 1. Broadview Press. p. 1056. 8755: 8112:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 90–96. 5959:The Interface Between the Written and the Oral 5920:The Interface Between the Written and the Oral 4710:purposes. A notable example is the Roman poet 3760: 2139:, recognized two kinds of tones: the level (平 11407: 10952: 10774:Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 10401: 9923: 9462: 9354: 9287:. Princeton University Press. pp. 1–22. 8938:Journal of the American Musicological Society 8646:. Stanford University Press. pp. 86–92. 8303: 8071:. University of Illinois Press. p. 193. 7413:The Inferno of Dante: A New Verse Translation 6877:. University of Minnesota Press. p. 23. 6726:Princeton Encyclopaedia of Poetry and Poetics 6611: 6533:. Wesleyan University Press. pp. 17–19. 6441:. Brill Academic Publishers. pp. 29–62. 6313: 5756:Strachan, John R.; Terry, Richard G. (2000). 5755: 5415:Slam poetry as a genre originated in 1986 in 5359:While light poetry is sometimes condemned as 4632:While the composition of epic poetry, and of 1613:, as well as differences in content spanning 912: 9814: 8862:Poetry and drama literary terms and concepts 8737:. Archived from the original on 28 May 2007. 8162:. University Press of Kentucky. p. 14. 8107: 8069:Medieval lyric: genres in historical context 7554:The Arabic Role in Medieval Literary History 7339: 6909: 6703:(2nd ed.). Blackwell. pp. 123–28. 6651: 6290: 2642: 2241:". This metric system originated in ancient 1748:identified three major genres: epic poetry, 1578:and is considered to be one of the official 1297:, that use other means to create rhythm and 69:"Love poem" redirects here. For the EP, see 9642:"Poe's little-known science book reprinted" 8833: 8641: 8470: 8110:The Cambridge companion to modernist poetry 8108:Davis, Alex; Jenkins, Lee M., eds. (2007). 7435: 7433: 6822:. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 24, 304, 332. 6654:The Cambridge companion to modernist poetry 6652:Jenkins, Lee M.; Davis, Alex, eds. (2007). 6553: 6464:The Universities of the Italian Renaissance 6017: 5869: 5760:. Edinburgh University Press. p. 119. 4743:). Satirical poets outside England include 4623:(or Nezami)'s Khamse (Five Books), and the 1327:) associates the production of poetry with 1253:Some poetry types are unique to particular 23: 11414: 11400: 10959: 10945: 10408: 10394: 10316:New Oxford Book of English Verse 1250–1950 10179:A Poet's Ear: A Handbook of Meter and Form 9902:. Cambridge University Press. p. 45. 9615:Allen, Mike (2005). Dutcher, Roger (ed.). 9307: 9056:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 8735:The personal notebook of Etsuko Yanagibori 8541:. New Directions Publications. p. 18. 7556:. University of Pennsylvania. p. 88. 6080:Ahl, Frederick; Roisman, Hanna M. (1996). 6079: 5805: 4009: 3977: 3961: 3926: 3890: 3871: 3850: 3838: 3828: 3813: 3797: 3252:to the highly formalized structure of the 1289:. There are, however, traditions, such as 919: 905: 24: 10042: 10009:The Poem's Heartbeat: A Manual of Prosody 9382:Broadview Anthology of British Literature 8411:. China Books & Periodicals. p. 8387:. (New York: Columbia University Press). 8363:. (New York: Columbia University Press). 8339:. (New York: Columbia University Press). 8236: 7766: 7718: 7693: 7410:Alighieri, Dante (1994). "Introduction". 7409: 6984: 6944: 6723: 6571: 6341: 6331: 6123:(2nd ed.). The Free Press. pp. 5207:'s origin, in his then much-derided 1848 4194:. Ghazals have a classical affinity with 3768:fuji no kaze ya oogi ni nosete Edo miyage 3347:Sonnets of all types often make use of a 1631:had been thought to be works composed by 1627:Until recently, the earliest examples of 1501:(written between 29 and 19 BCE); and the 9705:The Prose Poem: An International Journal 9545: 9355:Dominik, William J.; Wehrle, T. (1999). 9207:. Aberystwyth University. Archived from 8989: 8962: 8731:"Basho's Haiku on the theme of Mt. Fuji" 8507:. University of Michigan Press. p. 8279:. Manchester University Press. pp. 8132: 7953: 7922: 7898:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 7831: 7579:Qasida poetry in Islamic Asia and Africa 7439: 7430: 7169:. Columbia University Press. p. 36. 7164: 7129: 7045: 7043: 6817: 6461: 6412:Journal of the American Oriental Society 6186: 5404: 5317: 5282:The Prose Poem: An International Journal 5234: 5169: 5017: 4951:"). Verse fables have used a variety of 4907: 4790: 4687: 4505: 4456:and actions, it portrays the poet's own 4424: 4266: 4077: 3755:(1644–1694). An example of his writing: 3665: 3597: 3449: 3358: 3277: 3231: 2939: 2913:Lines of poems are often organized into 2750: 2681: 2509: 2455: 2291: 2199: 2077: 1968: 1831: 1770: 1718: 1250:, in their patterns of rhyme or rhythm. 32:This is an accepted version of this page 10309: 10026: 9929: 9845: 9639: 9492:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 57–58. 9437: 9413:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 9357:Roman verse satire: Lucilius to Juvenal 9279: 9046:. Translated by Bell, Gertrude. London. 8935: 8671:. Red Moon Press. pp. xxx–xlviii. 8642:Brower, Robert H.; Miner, Earl (1988). 8320: 8248: 8217: 8044:21st-century modernism: the new poetics 8038: 7613: 7548: 7519: 7470:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 7348:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 7250: 7238: 7203: 7099: 6996: 6959: 6897: 6872: 6860: 6805: 6676: 6626: 6556:"Translation as a Blending of Cultures" 6436: 6409: 5838: 5292:devoted to that genre and its hybrids. 5189:or via weird and horrific themes as in 4932:. It is a succinct story that features 4928:, often (though not invariably) set in 4056:is required for four, as shown below. " 3504: 3427:). Further, postmodern authors such as 2425:, as well as the differing pitches and 2363:—two stressed syllables together (e.g. 2186:as an alternative to accentual rhythm. 2071:rather than stresses define the meter. 1462:Other ancient epics includes the Greek 1358:which needs to be considered in closer 14: 11821: 10333: 10295:(4th ed.). W.W. Norton & Co. 10147: 10116: 10090: 10066: 9930:Gironès, Cristina (16 February 2022). 9892: 9873: 9770: 9521:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 9404: 9116: 8858: 8728: 8708:. Charles E. Tuttle Co. p. xiii. 8586:"Limerick | Academy of American Poets" 8568: 8536: 8404: 7978: 7803: 7458: 7384: 7191: 7179: 7069:"Examples of English metrical systems" 6793: 6698: 6586: 6528: 6268:Jarrett A. Lobell (March–April 2022). 5963:. Cambridge University Press. p. 5924:. Cambridge University Press. p. 5461: 5068:verse dramas in China, forerunners of 4962:Notable verse fabulists have included 4468:. Notable poets in this genre include 4353:Notable narrative poets have included 3005: 1828:20th-century and 21st-century disputes 1426:script on clay tablets and, later, on 11395: 10966: 10940: 10861:National Endowment for the Humanities 10846:Humanities, arts, and social sciences 10389: 10378:Oxford Book of Modern Verse 1892–1935 10371: 10347: 10239: 10219: 10173: 9984: 9676: 9614: 9563: 9512: 9487: 9379: 8910: 8783: 8621:. Taylor & Francis. p. 181. 8552: 8533:Do Not Go Gentle into that Good Night 8495: 8272: 8182: 8157: 8066: 8013: 7866: 7625: 7601: 7576: 7327: 7299: 7293: 7281: 7049: 7040: 6748: 6356: 6303:from the original on 18 January 2024. 6280:from the original on 7 December 2023. 6236: 6211: 6113: 6107: 6088:. Cornell University Press. pp. 5954: 5912: 5785:. Faber & Faber. pp. 13–34. 5780: 5609:The word "verse" functions here as a 5435: 5159: 4813:meter), commonly describes a poem of 4698:Poetry can be a powerful vehicle for 4444:Lyric poetry is a genre that, unlike 4015: 3983: 3967: 3935: 3899: 3880: 3844: 3822: 3803: 3121:, as well as tones of voice, such as 2299:: Roman bust, based on Greek original 2043:include Chinese, Vietnamese and most 1870:means. While there was a substantial 1714: 1655:The oldest known love poem. Sumerian 1012:effects. Most poems are formatted in 10856:Moscow University for the Humanities 10827:Arts and Humanities Research Council 10784:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 10005: 9789: 9310:Traditions of heroic and epic poetry 9254: 9202: 8808: 8703: 8691: 8435: 8260: 7891: 7791: 7771:. Blackwell Publishing. p. 10. 7754: 7742: 7730: 7637: 7387:Essays on the art of Chaucer's Verse 7372: 7034: 7022: 6486: 6384: 6023: 6005: 4052:is required for seven syllables and 3032:, the visual presentation of finely 2887: 2600:Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening 2445: 1400:The oldest surviving epic poem, the 10195: 9409:Grief and English Renaissance elegy 9359:. Bolchazy-Carducci. pp. 1–3. 8811:English lyrics from Dryden to Burns 8770:Thai Language Audio Resource Center 8304:Quiller-Couch, Arthur, ed. (1900). 8046:. Blackwell Publishers. p. 2. 7494: 6832: 6614:Literary Criticism: A Short History 6147: 5872:International Communication Gazette 5814:. Oxford University Press. p. 5631:in western poetry is translated as 5546:List of poetry groups and movements 5154:The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock 5076:verse dramas also include Japanese 4683: 4262: 3999: 3548:) is less formally strict than the 2709:Rhyme, alliteration, assonance and 1931:Prosody is the study of the meter, 1552:, possibly developed directly from 1319:tradition (extending at least from 1051:court poetry of the empires of the 56: 10105: 9640:Rombeck, Terry (22 January 2005). 9084:Yarshater. Retrieved 25 July 2010. 8977:10.1111/j.0022-3840.1981.4745121.x 7956:Poetic diction: a study in meaning 7340:James, E. D.; Jondorf, G. (1994). 7050:Annis, William S. (January 2006). 6912:Hebrew for biblical interpretation 6503: 6243:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 6120:Chinese Civilisation: A Sourcebook 6006:Mark, Joshua J. (13 August 2014). 5013: 3680:, with five sections totalling 31 3324:(grouping of four lines), a final 3098:are used specifically for poetry. 2962:Other poems may be organized into 2740: 2233:for six feet, for example. Thus, " 1809:". This "romantic" approach views 1785:, as well as in Europe during the 57: 11865: 9646:Lawrence Journal-World & News 9488:Keith, Arthur Berriedale (1992). 8583: 7257:. Bollingen Foundation. pp. 6291:Alison Flood (8 September 2021). 6059:. Oxbow Books. pp. 159–161. 6056:Current Research in Egyptology 17 6024:Arsu, Şebnem (14 February 2006). 5492:genre, but more as a descriptive 5080:. Examples of dramatic poetry in 3686:(phonological units identical to 3344:are the most widely used meters. 3318:English (or Shakespearean) sonnet 2847: 2503:languages, so that, for example, 2498:to soften it or be replaced by a 11802: 11427:different cultures and languages 11375: 10354:The Oxford Book of English Verse 10181:. University of Michigan Press. 10159:. Harcourt Brace & Company. 9949: 9886: 9867: 9839: 9820: 9746: 9721: 9695: 9670: 9652: 9633: 9608: 9583: 9557: 9539: 9506: 9481: 9456: 9431: 9398: 9373: 9348: 9326: 9301: 9273: 9248: 9234:. Verlag. pp. 16, 391–402. 9223: 9196: 9170: 9144: 9110: 9087: 9078: 9064: 9030: 9005: 8983: 8956: 8929: 8904: 8891:"Ghazal - glossary on poets.org" 8883: 8852: 8827: 8802: 8722: 8697: 8685: 8660: 8635: 8606: 8577: 8561: 8545: 8539:In Country Sleep and Other Poems 8525: 8489: 8464: 8429: 8398: 8374: 8350: 8326: 8314: 8297: 8266: 8254: 8242: 8230: 8211: 8176: 8151: 8126: 8101: 8085: 8060: 8032: 8007: 7972: 7923:Sterling, Bruce (13 July 2009). 6873:Jorgens, Elise Bickford (1982). 5621: 5510: 4160:) is a form of poetry common in 3996:and inter-stanza rhyming rules. 2828:") is used in such forms as the 2245:, and was used by poets such as 1684: 1664: 1648: 964:in addition to, or in place of, 888: 95: 10904:Humanities in the United States 10752:American Journal of Archaeology 9978: 9874:Seavon, Fernanda (March 2022). 8950:10.1525/jams.1990.43.3.03a00040 8067:Paden, William D., ed. (2000). 7947: 7925:"Web Semantics: Asemic writing" 7916: 7895:The aesthetics of visual poetry 7885: 7860: 7825: 7811:. Blackwell. pp. 269–280. 7797: 7785: 7760: 7748: 7736: 7724: 7712: 7698:. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 74. 7687: 7665: 7643: 7631: 7619: 7607: 7595: 7570: 7542: 7513: 7488: 7452: 7403: 7389:. Routledge. pp. 195–228. 7378: 7366: 7333: 7321: 7287: 7275: 7244: 7232: 7197: 7185: 7173: 7158: 7123: 7105: 7093: 7061: 7028: 7016: 6990: 6978: 6953: 6928: 6903: 6891: 6866: 6854: 6826: 6811: 6799: 6787: 6742: 6717: 6692: 6670: 6645: 6620: 6605: 6580: 6547: 6522: 6497: 6480: 6455: 6403: 6378: 6350: 6320:The Cambridge Classical Journal 6307: 6284: 6261: 6240:A history of literary criticism 6230: 6205: 6180: 6141: 6073: 6046: 5999: 5981: 5906: 5863: 5307: 5224: 4420: 4350:who recited traditional tales. 4040:has five syllables. The second 3055:of various lengths, or creates 2063:, on the other hand, while the 1947:of poetic lines to show meter. 1805:termed this escape from logic " 1406:, dates from the 3rd millennium 10779:Journal of Controversial Ideas 10415: 10292:The Norton Anthology of Poetry 9797:"A Brief Guide to Slam Poetry" 9550:. Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State. 9205:"Introduction to Genre Theory" 9072:"Beloved: 81 poems from Hafez" 8965:The Journal of Popular Culture 8859:Kuiper, Kathleen, ed. (2011). 8613:Samy Alim, H.; Ibrahim, Awad; 8573:. Farrar, Straus & Giroux. 8097:. Gutenberg. 1974. p. 22. 7767:Dalrymple, Roger, ed. (2004). 7694:Whitworth, Michael H. (2010). 7466:Beowulf and old Germanic metre 6962:Free Verse An Essay on Prosody 6214:Text and Ritual in Early China 6008:"The World's Oldest Love Poem" 5839:Schmidt, Michael, ed. (1999). 5832: 5799: 5774: 5749: 5736: 5715: 5694: 5669: 5603: 5394: 5340:, adventurous rhyme and heavy 5088:'s two famous dramatic works, 5030:Verse drama and dramatic verse 4903: 4765:Manuel Maria Barbosa du Bocage 4666:are examples of modern epics. 4495: 4202:, the celebrated 13th-century 4178: 4156: 4150: 4144: 4138: 4132: 3917:), depending on the type. The 3494: 3483: 3473: 3177:, a 13th-century French poem, 2792:, due to the influence of the 2664:Rhyme, alliteration, assonance 1384: 1277:may think of it as written in 13: 1: 10076:. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. 9442:. Routledge. pp. 10–34. 9043:Poems from the Divan of Hafiz 8503:. In Varnes, Kathrine (ed.). 8018:. Routledge. pp. 29–31. 7981:American Journal of Philology 7871:. GRIN Verlag. pp. 4–6. 7167:The Founding of English Meter 7052:"Introduction to Greek Meter" 6910:Walker-Jones, Arthur (2003). 6616:. Vintage Books. p. 374. 6506:Keats and negative capability 6314:Tim Whitmarsh (August 2021). 5810:Modern Poetry After Modernism 5746:, Open Book Publishers, 2012. 5658: 4528:person or group of persons. 4220:Poems from the Divan of Hafiz 3587: 3457:, "On Visiting the Temple of 3423:), and gender and sexuality ( 3059:so as to accentuate meaning, 2633:; the Finnish national epic, 2170:rather than a regular meter. 2137:tone system of Middle Chinese 1435: 1035:Poetry has a long and varied 10799:Revue des Études Arméniennes 10120:; et al., eds. (2012). 10034:Poetic Meter and Poetic Form 9853:. Cornell University Press. 9664:The New York Review of Books 9595:www.modernamericanpoetry.org 9465:A glossary of literary terms 9257:Homer and the Oral Tradition 8813:. Elibron. pp. 155–56. 8584:Poets, Academy of American. 8501:"Gymnastics: The Villanelle" 8471:Schirokauer, Conrad (1989). 8405:Faurot, Jeannette L (1998). 8307:Oxford Book of English Verse 8158:Treip, Mindele Anne (1994). 6960:Hartman, Charles O. (1980). 6752:(2010) . "Introduction". In 6357:Heath, Malcolm, ed. (1997). 5663: 5651:, which may refer to either. 4330:with roots in a preliterate 4224:Beloved: 81 poems from Hafez 3676:Tanka is a form of unrhymed 3388:Oxford Book of English Verse 2768:see God as a point of light. 2088:The chief device of ancient 7: 10357:. Oxford University Press. 10319:. Oxford University Press. 10260:, "The Concept of Poetry", 10100:. New York: Alred A. Knopf. 9957:"obtydeník živé literatury" 9380:Black, Joseph, ed. (2011). 8784:Hudak, Thomas John (1990). 7577:Sperl, Stefan, ed. (1996). 6554:Abu-Mahfouz, Ahmad (2008). 6508:. Continuum. pp. 1–3. 5503: 4771:, especially noted for his 4531:Examples of epic poems are 4017:[kʰlōːŋsìːsù.pʰâːp] 3624: 3109:Poetic diction can include 2953:Noch, ulitsa, fonar, apteka 2155:) tone and the entering (入 1915: 1449:and mated with the goddess 10: 11870: 10381:. Oxford University Press. 10343:. Oxford University Press. 10275:List of poetry anthologies 10272: 9985:Adams, Stephen J. (1997). 9936:Radio Prague International 9731:Contemporary Haibun Online 9308:Hainsworth, J. B. (1989). 8569:Bishop, Elizabeth (1976). 8450:10.1179/073750304788913221 8310:. Oxford University Press. 7834:Harvard Theological Review 7251:Nabokov, Vladimir (1964). 7204:Nabokov, Vladimir (1964). 6997:McClure, Laura K. (2002), 6627:Johnson, Jeannine (2007). 6462:Grendler, Paul F. (2004). 6191:. Curzon. pp. 52–53. 6148:Cai, Zong-qi (July 1999). 6026:"Oldest Line in the World" 5845:. Harvill Press. pp. 5806:Longenbach, James (1997). 5439: 5398: 5311: 5286:Contemporary Haibun Online 5228: 5163: 5027: 4917: 4866:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 4784: 4499: 4437: 4276: 4259:and refer to other works. 4244:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 4123: 4071: 3952:is named by the number of 3785: 3718: 3659: 3628: 3591: 3443: 3373:(who gave his name to the 3271: 3225: 3082: 3078: 3009: 2891: 2744: 2667: 2625:Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 2449: 2287:Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 2193: 2143:) tone and the oblique (仄 2129:) which ensured a rhythm. 1954: 1924: 1920: 1854:is not uncommon, and some 1729:Classical thinkers in the 1639:6th century CE). However, 1393:, and developed from folk 1373: 1369: 1094:as well as from religious 68: 61: 11798: 11433: 11371: 11313:San Francisco Renaissance 10978: 10914:Outline of the humanities 10894:Criticism of mass culture 10874: 10866:National Humanities Medal 10819: 10744: 10575: 10423: 10052:. Yale University Press. 9801:Academy of American Poets 9546:Giordano, Mathew (2004). 9107:, 9 November 1936 London. 8995:Religion & Literature 8915:. Infobase. p. 260. 8747:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 8704:Ross, Bruce, ed. (1993). 8133:San Juan, E. Jr. (2004). 7846:10.1017/s0017816000001620 7495:Liu, James J. Y. (1990). 6333:10.1017/S1750270521000051 6187:Abondolo, Daniel (2001). 5744:Oral Literature in Africa 5034:Theatre of ancient Greece 4249: 4119: 4010: 3978: 3962: 3927: 3891: 3885:) has a number of lines ( 3872: 3851: 3839: 3829: 3814: 3798: 3781: 3761: 3524:), "modern style" verse ( 3381:, and Shakespeare, whose 3308:follows the rhyme scheme 3267: 3187:in the 14th century, and 2151:) tone, the departing (去 2133:Classical Chinese poetics 1950: 1167:, focused on the uses of 944:, "making") is a form of 10899:Educational essentialism 10536:Interdisciplinary fields 9795: 9661:, "On Edgar Allan Poe", 8276:Petrarch and Petrarchism 8197:10.1177/0963947005051287 8094:The Poetics of Aristotle 7696:Reading modernist poetry 7520:Wesling, Donald (1980). 7057:. Aoidoi. pp. 1–15. 6818:Schülter, Julia (2005). 6724:Preminger, Alex (1975). 6587:Highet, Gilbert (1985). 6529:Watten, Barrett (2003). 6154:Philosophy East and West 5884:10.1177/1748048509102184 5596: 5536:Glossary of poetry terms 4996:Félix María de Samaniego 4924:The fable is an ancient 4780: 4403:Letitia Elizabeth Landon 4299:have concluded that his 3969:[kʰlōːŋsù.pʰâːp] 3921:are subdivided into two 3731:, or opening verse of a 3714: 3655: 3510:Classical Chinese poetry 3221: 2466:The Hunting of the Snark 2189: 2095:, including many of the 39:latest accepted revision 10258:Tatarkiewicz, Władysław 10232:Encyclopædia Britannica 9822:"5 Tips on Spoken Word" 9438:Kennedy, David (2007). 9117:Shamel, Shafiq (2013). 9074:. Bloodaxe Books. 2018. 8911:Campo, Juan E. (2009). 8619:Global linguistic flows 8273:Minta, Stephen (1980). 8185:Language and Literature 7954:Barfield, Owen (1987). 7165:Thompson, John (1961). 6699:Connor, Steven (1997). 6487:Kant, Immanuel (1914). 5758:Poetry: an introduction 5571:Phono-semantic matching 5472:was popularized by the 5454:, and other aspects of 4664:William Carlos Williams 4490:Edna St. Vincent Millay 4234:, Roshan Institute for 4176:. In classic form, the 3774:I've brought on my fan! 2180:William Carlos Williams 1699:(孔子詩論), discussing the 1016:: a series or stack of 76:. For the IU song, see 64:Poetry (disambiguation) 11143:Generation of the '30s 11018:British Poetry Revival 10687:Liberal arts education 9894:Bigsby, Christopher W. 9677:Monte, Steven (2000). 9405:Pigman, G. W. (1985). 9017:World Literature Today 8772:. Thammasat University 8537:Thomas, Dylan (1952). 8408:Drinking with the moon 7892:Bohn, Willard (1993). 7867:Kampf, Robert (2010). 6560:Journal of Translation 5412: 5325: 5242: 5177: 5025: 4915: 4798: 4695: 4513: 4435: 4287:. Broadly it subsumes 4274: 4085: 4067: 3696:Kakinomoto no Hitomaro 3673: 3671:Kakinomoto no Hitomaro 3650:Robert Louis Stevenson 3605: 3518:), "old style" verse ( 3508:) Is the main type of 3462: 3439: 3366: 3285: 3244: 3228:Category: Poetic forms 2959: 2769: 2706: 2643: 2517: 2474: 2401:. Languages which use 2300: 2218: 2085: 1976: 1904:. The literary critic 1839: 1778: 1726: 1657:terracotta tablet#2461 1422:), and was written in 1342:who may be termed the 1214:responses. The use of 1210:of words, or to evoke 11193:Informationist poetry 10763:History of Humanities 10221:Gosse, Edmund William 10006:Corn, Alfred (1997). 9876:"Instantní Nostalgie" 9564:Eliot, T. S. (1951). 8913:Encyclopedia of Islam 8809:Gray, Thomas (2000). 8644:Japanese court poetry 8553:Auden, W. H. (1945). 8014:Blank, Paula (1996). 7581:. Brill. p. 49. 7497:Art of Chinese Poetry 7307:"What is Tetrameter?" 7119:. The British Museum. 6237:Habib, Rafey (2005). 6084:The Odyssey Re-Formed 5989:The Epic of Gilgamesh 5627:In literary studies, 5586:Semantic differential 5408: 5321: 5238: 5173: 5104:'s tragedies such as 5021: 4911: 4858:William Cullen Bryant 4794: 4691: 4509: 4482:Gerard Manley Hopkins 4428: 4270: 4092:, and Latin, such as 4081: 3669: 3601: 3453: 3413:Gerard Manley Hopkins 3362: 3281: 3235: 3143:. On the other hand, 2943: 2754: 2685: 2513: 2459: 2295: 2203: 2081: 1972: 1835: 1774: 1722: 1304:Poets – as, from the 1077:, was written in the 986:euphony and cacophony 895:Literature portal 11318:Scottish Renaissance 11013:Black Mountain poets 10919:Renaissance humanism 10851:Master of Humanities 10281:Ferguson, Margaret; 10073:The Sounds of Poetry 9709:. Providence College 9617:The alchemy of stars 9281:Blasing, Mutlu Konuk 9255:Kirk, G. S. (2010). 8729:Yanagibori, Etsuko. 7640:, pp. 81–82, 85 7524:The chances of rhyme 7212:Bollingen Foundation 6489:Critique of Judgment 6274:Archaeology Magazine 5955:Goody, Jack (1987). 5294:Latin American poets 5218:Eureka: A Prose Poem 4890:William Butler Yeats 4862:Percy Bysshe Shelley 4240:West-östlicher Diwan 3771:the wind of Mt. Fuji 3642:Lord Alfred Tennyson 3401:Percy Bysshe Shelley 2630:The Song of Hiawatha 2487:anapestic tetrameter 2471:anapestic tetrameter 2469:(1876) is mainly in 2127:context-free grammar 2045:Subsaharan languages 1957:Timing (linguistics) 1768:of dramatic poetry. 1677:ancient music theory 1633:Romanos the Melodist 1584:ancient music theory 1447:symbolically married 1432:Istanbul tablet#2461 1346:, distinct from the 972:and is written by a 669:Groups and movements 11258:New American Poetry 11008:Black Arts Movement 10988:Akhmatova's Orphans 10838:Geisteswissenschaft 10804:Teaching Philosophy 10583:Abductive reasoning 10012:. Storyline Press. 9776:Mary Hutchings Reed 9659:Robinson, Marilynne 9184:on 5 September 2015 8991:Schimmel, Annemarie 8615:Pennycook, Alastair 7550:Menocal, María Rosa 6682:Death of the Author 6385:Frow, John (2007). 5681:Oxford Dictionaries 5478:Language happenings 5462:Language happenings 5146:Sestina: Altaforte, 5050:Dramatic poetry is 4988:Jean de La Fontaine 4941:legendary creatures 4733:, produced in 1682 3985:[kʰlōːŋdân] 3933:Thai pronunciation: 3897:Thai pronunciation: 3878:Thai pronunciation: 3820:Thai pronunciation: 3480:traditional Chinese 3294:Italian Renaissance 3283:William Shakespeare 3189:Jean de la Fontaine 3039:With the advent of 3006:Visual presentation 2621:Trochaic tetrameter 2581:To His Coy Mistress 2539:William Shakespeare 2283:William Shakespeare 2253:, and by the great 2067:units are similar, 2061:classical languages 1807:negative capability 1620:, love poetry, and 1456:The Story of Sinuhe 1084:Early poems in the 288:Short prose fiction 191:Major written forms 29:Page version status 11333:Southern Agrarians 11228:Metaphysical poets 11168:Harlem Renaissance 10925:Studia Humanitatis 10349:Ricks, Christopher 10097:Fiddler's farewell 9566:"Poetry and Drama" 9203:Chandler, Daniel. 9158:on 29 October 2014 9152:"Goethe and Hafiz" 9099:3 May 2009 at the 8323:, pp. 119–133 8251:, pp. 160–165 7935:on 27 October 2009 6759:Contemporary Poets 6573:10.54395/jot-x8fne 6030:The New York Times 5480:, termed from the 5442:Performance poetry 5436:Performance poetry 5413: 5326: 5302:Alejandra Pizarnik 5267:Charles Baudelaire 5243: 5178: 5166:Speculative poetry 5160:Speculative poetry 5097:Khosrow and Shirin 5082:Persian literature 5026: 4916: 4894:Rainer Maria Rilke 4886:Juan Ramón Jiménez 4834:Chidiock Tichborne 4805:for the dead or a 4799: 4696: 4626:Epic of King Gesar 4514: 4478:Charles Baudelaire 4470:Christine de Pizan 4436: 4430:Christine de Pizan 4328:performance poetry 4275: 4086: 3674: 3606: 3470:simplified Chinese 3463: 3367: 3316:), is common. The 3310:ABBA, ABBA, CDECDE 3286: 3245: 3111:rhetorical devices 2960: 2770: 2707: 2674:Alliterative verse 2607:Trochaic octameter 2551:Dactylic hexameter 2518: 2483:dactylic hexameter 2475: 2301: 2263:dactylic hexameter 2229:for four feet and 2219: 2086: 1977: 1961:tone (linguistics) 1844:literary theorists 1842:Some 20th-century 1840: 1837:Archibald MacLeish 1783:Islamic Golden Age 1779: 1727: 1715:Western traditions 1580:Confucian classics 1570:), were initially 1295:alliterative verse 1136:Indian epic poetry 1024:has also become a 782:Lists and outlines 258:Long prose fiction 59:Form of literature 35: 11816: 11815: 11809:Poetry portal 11389: 11388: 11382:Poetry portal 11178:Hungry generation 11173:Harvard Aesthetes 11148:Generation of '98 11138:Generation of '27 11113:The poets of Elan 10934: 10933: 10654:General knowledge 10637:Cultural literacy 10571: 10570: 10505:Religious studies 10441:Classical studies 10364:978-0-19-214182-8 10326:978-0-19-812136-7 10302:978-0-393-96820-0 10212:978-0-09-950934-9 10188:978-0-472-05066-6 10133:978-0-691-15491-6 10083:978-0-374-26695-0 10059:978-0-300-02740-2 10019:978-1-885266-40-8 9998:978-1-55111-129-2 9688:978-0-8032-3211-2 9626:978-0-8095-1162-4 9532:978-0-8248-1220-1 9499:978-81-208-0977-2 9474:978-0-495-89802-3 9449:978-1-134-20906-4 9424:978-0-521-26871-4 9391:978-1-55481-048-2 9366:978-0-86516-442-0 9336:. Swedish Academy 9319:978-0-947623-19-7 9294:978-0-691-12682-1 9266:978-0-521-13671-6 9241:978-3-8376-1258-5 9130:978-3-0343-0881-6 8922:978-0-8160-5454-1 8876:978-1-61530-539-1 8845:978-1-4179-0086-2 8820:978-1-4021-0064-2 8795:978-0-89680-159-2 8715:978-0-8048-1820-9 8678:978-1-893959-40-8 8653:978-0-8047-1524-9 8628:978-0-8058-6283-6 8551:"Villanelle", in 8518:978-0-472-06725-1 8482:978-0-15-505569-8 8422:978-0-8351-2639-7 8290:978-0-7190-0748-4 8169:978-0-8131-1831-4 8144:978-0-8387-5570-9 8119:978-0-521-61815-1 8078:978-0-252-02536-5 8053:978-0-631-21970-5 8040:Perloff, Marjorie 8025:978-0-415-13779-9 7965:978-0-8195-6026-1 7909:978-0-226-06325-6 7878:978-3-640-60011-3 7818:978-1-4051-3738-6 7778:978-0-631-23290-2 7705:978-1-4051-6731-4 7604:, pp. 71–104 7588:978-90-04-10387-0 7563:978-0-8122-1324-9 7535:978-0-520-03861-5 7506:978-0-226-48687-1 7481:978-0-521-59340-3 7423:978-0-374-17674-7 7396:978-0-8153-2951-0 7359:978-0-521-39721-6 7268:978-0-691-01760-0 7225:978-0-691-01760-0 7117:britishmuseum.org 7037:, pp. 25, 34 7010:978-0-631-22589-8 6971:978-0-8101-1316-9 6921:978-1-58983-086-8 6884:978-0-8166-1029-7 6847:978-0-521-77314-0 6710:978-0-631-20052-9 6663:978-0-521-61815-1 6638:978-0-8386-4105-7 6598:978-0-19-500206-5 6540:978-0-8195-6610-2 6515:978-1-4411-4724-0 6473:978-0-8018-8055-1 6448:978-90-04-11964-2 6396:978-0-415-28063-1 6371:978-0-14-044636-4 6364:. Penguin Books. 6254:978-0-631-23200-1 6223:978-0-295-98787-3 6198:978-0-7007-1223-6 6134:978-0-02-908752-7 6099:978-0-8014-8335-6 6066:978-1-78570-603-5 5974:978-0-521-33794-6 5935:978-0-521-33794-6 5856:978-1-86046-735-6 5825:978-0-19-510178-2 5792:978-0-15-180387-3 5767:978-0-8147-9797-6 5687:on 18 June 2013. 5556:Outline of poetry 5328:Light poetry, or 5271:Stéphane Mallarmé 5263:Aloysius Bertrand 5255:short short story 5107:Rostam and Sohrab 4984:Biernat of Lublin 4934:anthropomorphised 4870:Evgeny Baratynsky 4580:Epic of Gilgamesh 4574:Cantar de Mio Cid 4399:Alexander Pushkin 4375:Fernando de Rojas 4342:, once served as 4232:Fatemeh Keshavarz 3857:Ayutthaya Kingdom 3846:[májtʰōː] 3694:by such poets as 3631:Limerick (poetry) 3375:Spenserian sonnet 3356:closing couplet. 3334:Romance languages 3330:iambic pentameter 3306:Petrarchan sonnet 2925:), three lines a 2888:Lines and stanzas 2830:Petrarchan sonnet 2585:Alexander Pushkin 2573:Iambic tetrameter 2525:Iambic pentameter 2515:Alexander Pushkin 2505:iambic tetrameter 2479:iambic pentameter 2446:Metrical patterns 2235:iambic pentameter 2111:call-and-response 1999:-timed language. 1941:iambic pentameter 1707:Classic of Poetry 1691:An early Chinese 1563:Classic of Poetry 1546:, and the Hebrew 1403:Epic of Gilgamesh 1376:History of poetry 1122:, and the Hebrew 1079:Sumerian language 1074:Epic of Gilgamesh 929: 928: 681: 680: 536: 535: 343: 342: 47:22 September 2024 26: 16:(Redirected from 11861: 11844:Genres of poetry 11807: 11806: 11416: 11409: 11402: 11393: 11392: 11380: 11379: 11293:Parnassian poets 11263:New Apocalyptics 11238:Modernist poetry 11053:Confessionalists 11043:Churchyard poets 10961: 10954: 10947: 10938: 10937: 10721:Self-realization 10533: 10532: 10410: 10403: 10396: 10387: 10386: 10382: 10368: 10344: 10330: 10306: 10287:Stallworthy, Jon 10248: 10236: 10228: 10216: 10192: 10170: 10158: 10137: 10101: 10087: 10063: 10039: 10037: 10023: 10002: 9973: 9972: 9970: 9968: 9953: 9947: 9946: 9944: 9942: 9927: 9921: 9920: 9918: 9916: 9890: 9884: 9883: 9871: 9865: 9864: 9843: 9837: 9836: 9834: 9832: 9818: 9812: 9811: 9809: 9807: 9793: 9787: 9786: 9784: 9782: 9768: 9762: 9761: 9750: 9744: 9743: 9741: 9739: 9725: 9719: 9718: 9716: 9714: 9699: 9693: 9692: 9674: 9668: 9656: 9650: 9649: 9637: 9631: 9630: 9612: 9606: 9605: 9603: 9601: 9587: 9581: 9580: 9578: 9576: 9561: 9555: 9554: 9543: 9537: 9536: 9520: 9510: 9504: 9503: 9485: 9479: 9478: 9460: 9454: 9453: 9435: 9429: 9428: 9412: 9402: 9396: 9395: 9377: 9371: 9370: 9352: 9346: 9345: 9343: 9341: 9330: 9324: 9323: 9305: 9299: 9298: 9277: 9271: 9270: 9252: 9246: 9245: 9227: 9221: 9220: 9218: 9216: 9200: 9194: 9193: 9191: 9189: 9180:. Archived from 9174: 9168: 9167: 9165: 9163: 9154:. Archived from 9148: 9142: 9141: 9139: 9137: 9120:Goethe and Hafiz 9114: 9108: 9091: 9085: 9082: 9076: 9075: 9068: 9062: 9061: 9055: 9047: 9034: 9028: 9027: 9025: 9023: 9009: 9003: 9002: 8987: 8981: 8980: 8960: 8954: 8953: 8933: 8927: 8926: 8908: 8902: 8901: 8899: 8897: 8887: 8881: 8880: 8856: 8850: 8849: 8831: 8825: 8824: 8806: 8800: 8799: 8782:Reproduced form 8781: 8779: 8777: 8762: 8753: 8752: 8746: 8738: 8726: 8720: 8719: 8701: 8695: 8689: 8683: 8682: 8664: 8658: 8657: 8639: 8633: 8632: 8610: 8604: 8603: 8598: 8596: 8581: 8575: 8574: 8565: 8559: 8558: 8549: 8543: 8542: 8529: 8523: 8522: 8493: 8487: 8486: 8468: 8462: 8461: 8433: 8427: 8426: 8402: 8396: 8378: 8372: 8354: 8348: 8330: 8324: 8318: 8312: 8311: 8301: 8295: 8294: 8270: 8264: 8258: 8252: 8246: 8240: 8239:, pp. 37–46 8234: 8228: 8227: 8215: 8209: 8208: 8180: 8174: 8173: 8155: 8149: 8148: 8130: 8124: 8123: 8105: 8099: 8098: 8089: 8083: 8082: 8064: 8058: 8057: 8036: 8030: 8029: 8011: 8005: 8004: 7976: 7970: 7969: 7951: 7945: 7944: 7942: 7940: 7931:. Archived from 7920: 7914: 7913: 7889: 7883: 7882: 7864: 7858: 7857: 7829: 7823: 7822: 7801: 7795: 7794:, pp. 78–79 7789: 7783: 7782: 7764: 7758: 7752: 7746: 7745:, pp. 78–82 7740: 7734: 7728: 7722: 7721:, pp. 50–51 7716: 7710: 7709: 7691: 7685: 7684: 7682: 7680: 7669: 7663: 7662: 7660: 7658: 7647: 7641: 7635: 7629: 7628:, pp. 88–91 7623: 7617: 7611: 7605: 7599: 7593: 7592: 7574: 7568: 7567: 7546: 7540: 7539: 7527: 7517: 7511: 7510: 7492: 7486: 7485: 7469: 7460:Russom, Geoffrey 7456: 7450: 7449: 7437: 7428: 7427: 7407: 7401: 7400: 7382: 7376: 7370: 7364: 7363: 7347: 7337: 7331: 7325: 7319: 7318: 7316: 7314: 7309:. tetrameter.com 7303: 7297: 7291: 7285: 7279: 7273: 7272: 7254:Notes on Prosody 7248: 7242: 7241:, pp. 36–71 7236: 7230: 7229: 7207:Notes on Prosody 7201: 7195: 7189: 7183: 7182:, pp. 11–24 7177: 7171: 7170: 7162: 7156: 7155: 7127: 7121: 7120: 7109: 7103: 7102:, pp. 23–24 7097: 7091: 7090: 7088: 7086: 7080: 7073: 7065: 7059: 7058: 7056: 7047: 7038: 7032: 7026: 7020: 7014: 7013: 6994: 6988: 6982: 6976: 6975: 6957: 6951: 6950: 6948: 6932: 6926: 6925: 6907: 6901: 6900:, pp. 75–76 6895: 6889: 6888: 6870: 6864: 6858: 6852: 6851: 6830: 6824: 6823: 6820:Rhythmic Grammar 6815: 6809: 6808:, pp. 20–21 6803: 6797: 6791: 6785: 6784: 6778: 6776: 6746: 6740: 6739: 6721: 6715: 6714: 6696: 6690: 6689: 6686:Image-Music-Text 6674: 6668: 6667: 6649: 6643: 6642: 6624: 6618: 6617: 6609: 6603: 6602: 6584: 6578: 6577: 6575: 6551: 6545: 6544: 6526: 6520: 6519: 6501: 6495: 6492: 6484: 6478: 6477: 6459: 6453: 6452: 6435: 6407: 6401: 6400: 6382: 6376: 6375: 6354: 6348: 6347: 6345: 6335: 6311: 6305: 6304: 6288: 6282: 6281: 6270:"Poetic License" 6265: 6259: 6258: 6234: 6228: 6227: 6209: 6203: 6202: 6184: 6178: 6177: 6145: 6139: 6138: 6111: 6105: 6103: 6087: 6077: 6071: 6070: 6050: 6044: 6043: 6038: 6036: 6021: 6015: 6014: 6003: 5997: 5996: 5991:. Translated by 5985: 5979: 5978: 5962: 5952: 5943: 5942: 5923: 5910: 5904: 5903: 5867: 5861: 5860: 5836: 5830: 5829: 5813: 5803: 5797: 5796: 5778: 5772: 5771: 5753: 5747: 5740: 5734: 5733: 5719: 5713: 5712: 5698: 5692: 5691: 5673: 5652: 5625: 5619: 5607: 5520: 5515: 5514: 5425:Marc Kelly Smith 5381:Shel Silverstein 5091:Layla and Majnun 5000:Tomás de Iriarte 4684:Satirical poetry 4367:William Langland 4326:heroic poems—is 4279:Narrative poetry 4263:Narrative poetry 4181: 4180: 4159: 4158: 4153: 4152: 4147: 4146: 4141: 4140: 4135: 4134: 4019: 4013: 4012: 4006:khlong si suphap 4000:Khlong si suphap 3987: 3981: 3980: 3971: 3965: 3964: 3940:, from Sanskrit 3939: 3934: 3930: 3929: 3903: 3898: 3894: 3893: 3884: 3879: 3875: 3874: 3854: 3853: 3848: 3842: 3841: 3832: 3831: 3826: 3824:[májèːk] 3821: 3817: 3816: 3807: 3805:[kʰlōːŋ] 3801: 3800: 3765: 3764: 3763: 3619:Elizabeth Bishop 3506: 3496: 3487: 3477: 3302:Sir Thomas Wyatt 3290:Late Middle Ages 3179:William Langland 3174:Roman de la Rose 3159:late Middle Ages 2964:verse paragraphs 2933:), four lines a 2790:High Middle Ages 2782:rhyming couplets 2648: 2481:and the Homeric 2439:Vladimir Nabokov 2172:Robinson Jeffers 2031:and, generally, 1974:Robinson Jeffers 1906:Geoffrey Hartman 1688: 1671:The philosopher 1668: 1652: 1618:religious poetry 1610:Oku no Hosomichi 1600:Canterbury Tales 1444: 1440: 1437: 1409: 1317:Western cultural 921: 914: 907: 893: 892: 891: 547: 546: 354: 353: 255: 254: 99: 85: 84: 78:Love Poem (song) 21: 11869: 11868: 11864: 11863: 11862: 11860: 11859: 11858: 11819: 11818: 11817: 11812: 11801: 11794: 11429: 11420: 11390: 11385: 11374: 11367: 11338:Spasmodic poets 11323:Sicilian School 11273:New York School 11093:Dolce Stil Novo 10974: 10965: 10935: 10930: 10870: 10815: 10740: 10726:Self-reflection 10716:Moral character 10675:Human condition 10627:Critical theory 10567: 10531: 10478:Performing arts 10419: 10414: 10365: 10327: 10303: 10289:, eds. (1996). 10283:Salter, Mary Jo 10277: 10213: 10205:. Arrow Books. 10189: 10167: 10149:Brooks, Cleanth 10134: 10108: 10106:Further reading 10092:Speyer, Leonora 10084: 10060: 10044:Hollander, John 10038:. Random House. 10020: 9999: 9981: 9976: 9966: 9964: 9955: 9954: 9950: 9940: 9938: 9928: 9924: 9914: 9912: 9910: 9891: 9887: 9872: 9868: 9861: 9847:Wheeler, Lesley 9844: 9840: 9830: 9828: 9819: 9815: 9805: 9803: 9794: 9790: 9780: 9778: 9769: 9765: 9758:haibuntoday.com 9752: 9751: 9747: 9737: 9735: 9727: 9726: 9722: 9712: 9710: 9701: 9700: 9696: 9689: 9675: 9671: 9657: 9653: 9638: 9634: 9627: 9613: 9609: 9599: 9597: 9589: 9588: 9584: 9574: 9572: 9562: 9558: 9544: 9540: 9533: 9511: 9507: 9500: 9486: 9482: 9475: 9461: 9457: 9450: 9436: 9432: 9425: 9403: 9399: 9392: 9378: 9374: 9367: 9353: 9349: 9339: 9337: 9332: 9331: 9327: 9320: 9306: 9302: 9295: 9278: 9274: 9267: 9253: 9249: 9242: 9228: 9224: 9214: 9212: 9201: 9197: 9187: 9185: 9176: 9175: 9171: 9161: 9159: 9150: 9149: 9145: 9135: 9133: 9131: 9115: 9111: 9101:Wayback Machine 9092: 9088: 9083: 9079: 9070: 9069: 9065: 9049: 9048: 9036: 9035: 9031: 9021: 9019: 9011: 9010: 9006: 8988: 8984: 8961: 8957: 8934: 8930: 8923: 8909: 8905: 8895: 8893: 8889: 8888: 8884: 8877: 8857: 8853: 8846: 8832: 8828: 8821: 8807: 8803: 8796: 8775: 8773: 8764: 8763: 8756: 8740: 8739: 8727: 8723: 8716: 8702: 8698: 8690: 8686: 8679: 8665: 8661: 8654: 8640: 8636: 8629: 8617:, eds. (2009). 8611: 8607: 8594: 8592: 8582: 8578: 8566: 8562: 8557:. Random House. 8555:Collected Poems 8550: 8546: 8530: 8526: 8519: 8494: 8490: 8483: 8469: 8465: 8434: 8430: 8423: 8403: 8399: 8379: 8375: 8371:, 1–2 and 15–18 8355: 8351: 8331: 8327: 8319: 8315: 8302: 8298: 8291: 8271: 8267: 8259: 8255: 8247: 8243: 8235: 8231: 8216: 8212: 8181: 8177: 8170: 8156: 8152: 8145: 8131: 8127: 8120: 8106: 8102: 8091: 8090: 8086: 8079: 8065: 8061: 8054: 8037: 8033: 8026: 8012: 8008: 7977: 7973: 7966: 7952: 7948: 7938: 7936: 7921: 7917: 7910: 7890: 7886: 7879: 7865: 7861: 7830: 7826: 7819: 7802: 7798: 7790: 7786: 7779: 7765: 7761: 7753: 7749: 7741: 7737: 7733:, pp. 7–13 7729: 7725: 7717: 7713: 7706: 7692: 7688: 7678: 7676: 7671: 7670: 7666: 7656: 7654: 7649: 7648: 7644: 7636: 7632: 7624: 7620: 7612: 7608: 7600: 7596: 7589: 7575: 7571: 7564: 7547: 7543: 7536: 7518: 7514: 7507: 7493: 7489: 7482: 7457: 7453: 7438: 7431: 7424: 7408: 7404: 7397: 7383: 7379: 7371: 7367: 7360: 7338: 7334: 7326: 7322: 7312: 7310: 7305: 7304: 7300: 7292: 7288: 7280: 7276: 7269: 7249: 7245: 7237: 7233: 7226: 7202: 7198: 7190: 7186: 7178: 7174: 7163: 7159: 7128: 7124: 7113:"Portrait Bust" 7111: 7110: 7106: 7098: 7094: 7084: 7082: 7081:on 8 March 2012 7078: 7071: 7067: 7066: 7062: 7054: 7048: 7041: 7033: 7029: 7021: 7017: 7011: 6995: 6991: 6983: 6979: 6972: 6958: 6954: 6933: 6929: 6922: 6908: 6904: 6896: 6892: 6885: 6871: 6867: 6859: 6855: 6848: 6831: 6827: 6816: 6812: 6804: 6800: 6792: 6788: 6774: 6772: 6770: 6747: 6743: 6736: 6722: 6718: 6711: 6697: 6693: 6678:Barthes, Roland 6675: 6671: 6664: 6650: 6646: 6639: 6625: 6621: 6610: 6606: 6599: 6585: 6581: 6552: 6548: 6541: 6527: 6523: 6516: 6504:Ou, Li (2009). 6502: 6498: 6485: 6481: 6474: 6460: 6456: 6449: 6408: 6404: 6397: 6383: 6379: 6372: 6355: 6351: 6312: 6308: 6289: 6285: 6266: 6262: 6255: 6235: 6231: 6224: 6210: 6206: 6199: 6185: 6181: 6166:10.2307/1399898 6146: 6142: 6135: 6115:Ebrey, Patricia 6112: 6108: 6100: 6078: 6074: 6067: 6051: 6047: 6034: 6032: 6022: 6018: 6004: 6000: 5987: 5986: 5982: 5975: 5953: 5946: 5936: 5911: 5907: 5868: 5864: 5857: 5837: 5833: 5826: 5804: 5800: 5793: 5783:Selected Essays 5779: 5775: 5768: 5754: 5750: 5742:Ruth Finnegan, 5741: 5737: 5721: 5720: 5716: 5706:Merriam-Webster 5700: 5699: 5695: 5675: 5674: 5670: 5666: 5661: 5656: 5655: 5626: 5622: 5608: 5604: 5599: 5516: 5509: 5506: 5498:performance art 5486:OBJECT:PARADISE 5464: 5456:performance art 5444: 5438: 5403: 5397: 5377:Willard R. Espy 5316: 5310: 5233: 5227: 5201:Big Bang theory 5197:Edgar Allan Poe 5187:science fiction 5168: 5162: 5048: 5028:Main articles: 5016: 5014:Dramatic poetry 4992:Ignacy Krasicki 4980:Robert Henryson 4976:Marie de France 4922: 4906: 4882:Antonio Machado 4874:Alfred Tennyson 4854:Charlotte Smith 4830:Jan Kochanowski 4789: 4783: 4749:Ignacy Krasicki 4741:Thomas Shadwell 4686: 4504: 4498: 4486:Antonio Machado 4442: 4423: 4411:Alfred Tennyson 4407:Edgar Allan Poe 4395:Adam Mickiewicz 4281: 4265: 4252: 4236:Persian Studies 4128: 4122: 4076: 4070: 4002: 3932: 3896: 3877: 3819: 3790: 3784: 3777:a gift from Edo 3759: 3723: 3717: 3678:Japanese poetry 3664: 3658: 3646:Rudyard Kipling 3633: 3627: 3596: 3590: 3448: 3442: 3425:Carol Ann Duffy 3379:Michael Drayton 3364:Carol Ann Duffy 3338:hendecasyllable 3332:, while in the 3276: 3270: 3230: 3224: 3184:Piers Ploughman 3087: 3081: 3069:concrete poetry 3051:through visual 3014: 3008: 2900: 2892:Main articles: 2890: 2866:verse paragraph 2850: 2794:Arabic language 2749: 2743: 2741:Rhyming schemes 2680: 2668:Main articles: 2666: 2611:Edgar Allan Poe 2496:feminine ending 2454: 2448: 2411:Ottoman Turkish 2217:from c. 470 BCE 2198: 2192: 2135:, based on the 2093:Biblical poetry 2041:Tonal languages 1967: 1955:Main articles: 1953: 1929: 1923: 1918: 1866:established by 1856:modernist poets 1830: 1754:dramatic poetry 1717: 1710: 1689: 1680: 1669: 1660: 1653: 1629:stressed poetry 1459:(c. 1800 BCE). 1442: 1438: 1407: 1387: 1382: 1380:Literary theory 1374:Main articles: 1372: 1291:Biblical poetry 1208:interpretations 1131:Story of Sinuhe 1002:sound symbolism 925: 889: 887: 820:Literary awards 686:Dramatic genres 427:science fiction 105:Oral literature 81: 67: 60: 55: 54: 53: 52: 51: 50: 34: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 11867: 11857: 11856: 11851: 11846: 11841: 11836: 11831: 11814: 11813: 11799: 11796: 11795: 11793: 11792: 11787: 11782: 11777: 11772: 11767: 11762: 11757: 11752: 11747: 11742: 11737: 11732: 11727: 11726: 11725: 11720: 11712: 11707: 11702: 11697: 11692: 11687: 11682: 11677: 11672: 11667: 11662: 11657: 11652: 11647: 11642: 11637: 11632: 11627: 11625:Latin American 11622: 11617: 11612: 11607: 11602: 11597: 11592: 11587: 11582: 11577: 11572: 11567: 11562: 11557: 11552: 11547: 11542: 11537: 11532: 11527: 11522: 11517: 11516: 11515: 11505: 11500: 11495: 11490: 11485: 11480: 11475: 11470: 11465: 11460: 11455: 11450: 11445: 11440: 11434: 11431: 11430: 11419: 11418: 11411: 11404: 11396: 11387: 11386: 11372: 11369: 11368: 11366: 11365: 11360: 11358:Uranian poetry 11355: 11350: 11345: 11340: 11335: 11330: 11325: 11320: 11315: 11310: 11305: 11300: 11295: 11290: 11285: 11280: 11275: 11270: 11265: 11260: 11255: 11250: 11245: 11240: 11235: 11230: 11225: 11223:Martian poetry 11220: 11215: 11213:Language poets 11210: 11205: 11200: 11195: 11190: 11185: 11180: 11175: 11170: 11165: 11160: 11155: 11153:Georgian poets 11150: 11145: 11140: 11135: 11130: 11125: 11120: 11115: 11110: 11105: 11100: 11095: 11090: 11088:Della Cruscans 11085: 11080: 11075: 11070: 11065: 11060: 11055: 11050: 11045: 11040: 11035: 11033:Cavalier poets 11030: 11028:Castalian Band 11025: 11020: 11015: 11010: 11005: 11000: 10995: 10993:Angry Penguins 10990: 10985: 10979: 10976: 10975: 10964: 10963: 10956: 10949: 10941: 10932: 10931: 10929: 10928: 10921: 10916: 10911: 10906: 10901: 10896: 10891: 10890: 10889: 10878: 10876: 10872: 10871: 10869: 10868: 10863: 10858: 10853: 10848: 10843: 10842: 10841: 10829: 10823: 10821: 10817: 10816: 10814: 10813: 10806: 10801: 10796: 10791: 10786: 10781: 10776: 10771: 10766: 10759: 10754: 10748: 10746: 10742: 10741: 10739: 10738: 10733: 10728: 10723: 10718: 10713: 10712: 10711: 10701: 10700: 10699: 10694: 10684: 10677: 10672: 10667: 10661: 10656: 10651: 10650: 10649: 10639: 10634: 10629: 10624: 10619: 10612: 10609:Belles-lettres 10605: 10600: 10595: 10593:Antipositivism 10590: 10585: 10579: 10577: 10573: 10572: 10569: 10568: 10566: 10565: 10560: 10555: 10550: 10545: 10539: 10537: 10530: 10529: 10528: 10527: 10522: 10517: 10507: 10502: 10497: 10496: 10495: 10490: 10485: 10475: 10470: 10469: 10468: 10463: 10458: 10448: 10443: 10438: 10433: 10427: 10425: 10421: 10420: 10413: 10412: 10405: 10398: 10390: 10384: 10383: 10375:, ed. (1936). 10369: 10363: 10351:, ed. (1999). 10345: 10337:, ed. (1973). 10335:Larkin, Philip 10331: 10325: 10313:, ed. (1972). 10311:Gardner, Helen 10307: 10301: 10273:Main article: 10271: 10270: 10266: 10265: 10255: 10249: 10245:ABC of Reading 10237: 10217: 10211: 10193: 10187: 10171: 10166:978-0156957052 10165: 10144: 10143: 10139: 10138: 10132: 10118:Greene, Roland 10113: 10112: 10107: 10104: 10103: 10102: 10088: 10082: 10068:Pinsky, Robert 10064: 10058: 10049:Rhyme's Reason 10040: 10024: 10018: 10003: 9997: 9980: 9977: 9975: 9974: 9963:(7). July 2022 9948: 9922: 9909:978-0521278966 9908: 9885: 9866: 9860:978-0801446689 9859: 9838: 9813: 9788: 9763: 9745: 9720: 9694: 9687: 9669: 9651: 9632: 9625: 9607: 9582: 9556: 9538: 9531: 9505: 9498: 9480: 9473: 9455: 9448: 9430: 9423: 9397: 9390: 9372: 9365: 9347: 9325: 9318: 9300: 9293: 9272: 9265: 9247: 9240: 9222: 9195: 9169: 9143: 9129: 9123:. Peter Lang. 9109: 9086: 9077: 9063: 9029: 9004: 8982: 8955: 8944:(3): 457–497. 8928: 8921: 8903: 8882: 8875: 8851: 8844: 8836:English Poetry 8826: 8819: 8801: 8794: 8766:"โคลง Khloong" 8754: 8721: 8714: 8696: 8684: 8677: 8659: 8652: 8634: 8627: 8605: 8576: 8567:"One Art", in 8560: 8544: 8524: 8517: 8488: 8481: 8463: 8444:(22): 81–125. 8428: 8421: 8397: 8381:Watson, Burton 8373: 8357:Watson, Burton 8349: 8333:Watson, Burton 8325: 8313: 8296: 8289: 8265: 8253: 8241: 8237:Hollander 1981 8229: 8210: 8191:(4): 323–338. 8175: 8168: 8150: 8143: 8125: 8118: 8100: 8084: 8077: 8059: 8052: 8031: 8024: 8006: 7993:10.2307/294154 7971: 7964: 7946: 7915: 7908: 7884: 7877: 7859: 7840:(3): 367–392. 7824: 7817: 7807:, ed. (2004). 7796: 7784: 7777: 7759: 7747: 7735: 7723: 7719:Hollander 1981 7711: 7704: 7686: 7664: 7642: 7630: 7618: 7606: 7594: 7587: 7569: 7562: 7541: 7534: 7512: 7505: 7487: 7480: 7451: 7429: 7422: 7402: 7395: 7377: 7365: 7358: 7344:Racine: Phèdre 7332: 7320: 7298: 7286: 7274: 7267: 7243: 7231: 7224: 7196: 7184: 7172: 7157: 7144:10.2307/412889 7138:(3): 576–616. 7122: 7104: 7092: 7060: 7039: 7027: 7015: 7009: 6989: 6985:Hollander 1981 6977: 6970: 6952: 6937:Tamil Internet 6927: 6920: 6902: 6890: 6883: 6865: 6853: 6846: 6825: 6810: 6798: 6786: 6769:978-1604135886 6768: 6741: 6735:978-1349156177 6734: 6716: 6709: 6691: 6669: 6662: 6644: 6637: 6619: 6604: 6597: 6579: 6546: 6539: 6521: 6514: 6496: 6479: 6472: 6454: 6447: 6424:10.2307/598112 6418:(4): 657–670. 6402: 6395: 6377: 6370: 6349: 6306: 6283: 6260: 6253: 6229: 6222: 6204: 6197: 6179: 6160:(3): 317–345. 6140: 6133: 6106: 6098: 6072: 6065: 6045: 6016: 5998: 5993:Sanders, N. K. 5980: 5973: 5944: 5934: 5905: 5878:(4): 321–346. 5862: 5855: 5831: 5824: 5798: 5791: 5773: 5766: 5748: 5735: 5727:Dictionary.com 5714: 5693: 5667: 5665: 5662: 5660: 5657: 5654: 5653: 5620: 5601: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5594: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5576:Poetry reading 5573: 5568: 5563: 5561:Persona poetry 5558: 5553: 5548: 5543: 5538: 5533: 5531:Digital poetry 5528: 5522: 5521: 5505: 5502: 5463: 5460: 5440:Main article: 5437: 5434: 5399:Main article: 5396: 5393: 5312:Main article: 5309: 5306: 5275:Arthur Rimbaud 5229:Main article: 5226: 5223: 5191:horror fiction 5164:Main article: 5161: 5158: 5134:'s tragedy of 5124:'s tragedy of 5038:Sanskrit drama 5015: 5012: 5008:Ambrose Bierce 4926:literary genre 4918:Main article: 4905: 4902: 4898:Virginia Woolf 4838:Edmund Spenser 4826:Jorge Manrique 4785:Main article: 4782: 4779: 4767:, and Korea's 4685: 4682: 4649:Helen in Egypt 4563:Luís de Camões 4558:Nibelungenlied 4500:Main article: 4497: 4494: 4462:states of mind 4438:Main article: 4422: 4419: 4387:Alexander Pope 4379:Luís de Camões 4332:oral tradition 4293:human interest 4277:Main article: 4264: 4261: 4251: 4248: 4228:Bloodaxe Books 4124:Main article: 4121: 4118: 4072:Main article: 4069: 4066: 4028:translates as 4001: 3998: 3901:[bàːt] 3786:Main article: 3783: 3780: 3779: 3778: 3775: 3772: 3769: 3766: 3762:富士の風や扇にのせて江戸土産 3719:Main article: 3716: 3713: 3660:Main article: 3657: 3654: 3629:Main article: 3626: 3623: 3592:Main article: 3589: 3586: 3574:Middle Chinese 3444:Main article: 3441: 3438: 3371:Edmund Spenser 3272:Main article: 3269: 3266: 3223: 3220: 3168:Aesop's Fables 3085:Poetic diction 3083:Main article: 3080: 3077: 3073:asemic writing 3057:juxtapositions 3030:Chinese poetry 3010:Main article: 3007: 3004: 2889: 2886: 2849: 2848:Form in poetry 2846: 2826:enclosed rhyme 2745:Main article: 2742: 2739: 2723:internal rhyme 2665: 2662: 2661: 2660: 2640: 2618: 2604: 2577:Andrew Marvell 2570: 2548: 2452:Meter (poetry) 2450:Main article: 2447: 2444: 2429:of syllables. 2387: 2386: 2380: 2358: 2348: 2334: 2320: 2261:. Similarly, " 2194:Main article: 2191: 2188: 2176:Marianne Moore 2123:Tamil language 2083:Marianne Moore 1952: 1949: 1927:Meter (poetry) 1925:Main article: 1922: 1919: 1917: 1914: 1829: 1826: 1716: 1713: 1712: 1711: 1690: 1683: 1681: 1670: 1663: 1661: 1654: 1647: 1558:Chinese poetry 1534:, the Avestan 1524:as the Indian 1474:; the Persian 1418:, present-day 1386: 1383: 1371: 1368: 1232:poetic diction 1032:) for poetry. 927: 926: 924: 923: 916: 909: 901: 898: 897: 884: 883: 882: 881: 876: 871: 866: 861: 856: 851: 843: 842: 832: 831: 830: 829: 828: 827: 817: 812: 807: 802: 797: 792: 784: 783: 779: 778: 777: 776: 771: 766: 761: 756: 748: 747: 741: 740: 739: 738: 733: 728: 723: 718: 717: 716: 711: 701: 696: 688: 687: 683: 682: 679: 678: 677: 676: 671: 666: 658: 657: 653: 652: 651: 650: 645: 640: 635: 630: 625: 620: 615: 610: 605: 600: 592: 591: 585: 584: 583: 582: 577: 572: 567: 562: 554: 553: 543: 542: 538: 537: 534: 533: 532: 531: 526: 521: 516: 511: 506: 501: 496: 491: 486: 485: 484: 479: 466: 465: 459: 458: 457: 456: 451: 446: 445: 444: 439: 434: 429: 424: 419: 414: 409: 404: 399: 394: 389: 379: 374: 369: 361: 360: 350: 349: 345: 344: 341: 340: 339: 338: 333: 328: 323: 318: 313: 308: 303: 298: 290: 289: 285: 284: 283: 282: 273: 268: 260: 259: 253: 252: 247: 242: 241: 240: 230: 225: 224: 223: 218: 208: 207: 206: 193: 192: 188: 187: 186: 185: 180: 179: 178: 173: 163: 158: 157: 156: 151: 146: 141: 136: 131: 126: 121: 108: 107: 101: 100: 92: 91: 58: 36: 30: 27: 25: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11866: 11855: 11852: 11850: 11847: 11845: 11842: 11840: 11837: 11835: 11832: 11830: 11827: 11826: 11824: 11811: 11810: 11805: 11797: 11791: 11788: 11786: 11783: 11781: 11778: 11776: 11773: 11771: 11768: 11766: 11763: 11761: 11758: 11756: 11753: 11751: 11748: 11746: 11743: 11741: 11738: 11736: 11733: 11731: 11728: 11724: 11721: 11719: 11716: 11715: 11713: 11711: 11708: 11706: 11703: 11701: 11698: 11696: 11693: 11691: 11688: 11686: 11683: 11681: 11678: 11676: 11673: 11671: 11668: 11666: 11663: 11661: 11658: 11656: 11653: 11651: 11648: 11646: 11643: 11641: 11638: 11636: 11633: 11631: 11628: 11626: 11623: 11621: 11618: 11616: 11613: 11611: 11608: 11606: 11603: 11601: 11598: 11596: 11593: 11591: 11588: 11586: 11583: 11581: 11578: 11576: 11573: 11571: 11568: 11566: 11563: 11561: 11558: 11556: 11553: 11551: 11548: 11546: 11543: 11541: 11538: 11536: 11533: 11531: 11528: 11526: 11523: 11521: 11518: 11514: 11511: 11510: 11509: 11506: 11504: 11501: 11499: 11496: 11494: 11491: 11489: 11486: 11484: 11481: 11479: 11476: 11474: 11471: 11469: 11466: 11464: 11461: 11459: 11456: 11454: 11451: 11449: 11446: 11444: 11441: 11439: 11436: 11435: 11432: 11428: 11424: 11417: 11412: 11410: 11405: 11403: 11398: 11397: 11394: 11384: 11383: 11378: 11370: 11364: 11361: 11359: 11356: 11354: 11351: 11349: 11346: 11344: 11341: 11339: 11336: 11334: 11331: 11329: 11326: 11324: 11321: 11319: 11316: 11314: 11311: 11309: 11308:Rhymers' Club 11306: 11304: 11301: 11299: 11296: 11294: 11291: 11289: 11286: 11284: 11281: 11279: 11276: 11274: 11271: 11269: 11268:New Formalism 11266: 11264: 11261: 11259: 11256: 11254: 11251: 11249: 11246: 11244: 11241: 11239: 11236: 11234: 11231: 11229: 11226: 11224: 11221: 11219: 11216: 11214: 11211: 11209: 11206: 11204: 11203:Jindyworobaks 11201: 11199: 11196: 11194: 11191: 11189: 11186: 11184: 11181: 11179: 11176: 11174: 11171: 11169: 11166: 11164: 11161: 11159: 11156: 11154: 11151: 11149: 11146: 11144: 11141: 11139: 11136: 11134: 11131: 11129: 11126: 11124: 11121: 11119: 11116: 11114: 11111: 11109: 11106: 11104: 11101: 11099: 11096: 11094: 11091: 11089: 11086: 11084: 11081: 11079: 11076: 11074: 11071: 11069: 11066: 11064: 11063:Cubo-Futurism 11061: 11059: 11056: 11054: 11051: 11049: 11046: 11044: 11041: 11039: 11036: 11034: 11031: 11029: 11026: 11024: 11021: 11019: 11016: 11014: 11011: 11009: 11006: 11004: 11001: 10999: 10996: 10994: 10991: 10989: 10986: 10984: 10981: 10980: 10977: 10973: 10969: 10962: 10957: 10955: 10950: 10948: 10943: 10942: 10939: 10927: 10926: 10922: 10920: 10917: 10915: 10912: 10910: 10907: 10905: 10902: 10900: 10897: 10895: 10892: 10888: 10885: 10884: 10883: 10880: 10879: 10877: 10873: 10867: 10864: 10862: 10859: 10857: 10854: 10852: 10849: 10847: 10844: 10840: 10839: 10835: 10834: 10833: 10832:Human science 10830: 10828: 10825: 10824: 10822: 10818: 10812: 10811: 10807: 10805: 10802: 10800: 10797: 10795: 10792: 10790: 10787: 10785: 10782: 10780: 10777: 10775: 10772: 10770: 10767: 10765: 10764: 10760: 10758: 10755: 10753: 10750: 10749: 10747: 10743: 10737: 10734: 10732: 10729: 10727: 10724: 10722: 10719: 10717: 10714: 10710: 10707: 10706: 10705: 10702: 10698: 10695: 10693: 10690: 10689: 10688: 10685: 10683: 10682: 10678: 10676: 10673: 10671: 10668: 10666: 10662: 10660: 10657: 10655: 10652: 10648: 10645: 10644: 10643: 10640: 10638: 10635: 10633: 10630: 10628: 10625: 10623: 10620: 10618: 10617: 10613: 10611: 10610: 10606: 10604: 10601: 10599: 10596: 10594: 10591: 10589: 10586: 10584: 10581: 10580: 10578: 10574: 10564: 10561: 10559: 10556: 10554: 10551: 10549: 10548:Environmental 10546: 10544: 10541: 10540: 10538: 10534: 10526: 10523: 10521: 10518: 10516: 10513: 10512: 10511: 10508: 10506: 10503: 10501: 10498: 10494: 10491: 10489: 10486: 10484: 10481: 10480: 10479: 10476: 10474: 10471: 10467: 10464: 10462: 10459: 10457: 10454: 10453: 10452: 10451:Language arts 10449: 10447: 10444: 10442: 10439: 10437: 10434: 10432: 10429: 10428: 10426: 10422: 10418: 10411: 10406: 10404: 10399: 10397: 10392: 10391: 10388: 10380: 10379: 10374: 10370: 10366: 10360: 10356: 10355: 10350: 10346: 10342: 10341: 10336: 10332: 10328: 10322: 10318: 10317: 10312: 10308: 10304: 10298: 10294: 10293: 10288: 10284: 10279: 10278: 10276: 10268: 10267: 10263: 10259: 10256: 10253: 10250: 10246: 10242: 10238: 10234: 10233: 10227: 10226:"Verse" 10222: 10218: 10214: 10208: 10204: 10203: 10198: 10194: 10190: 10184: 10180: 10176: 10172: 10168: 10162: 10157: 10156: 10150: 10146: 10145: 10142:Other critics 10141: 10140: 10135: 10129: 10125: 10124: 10119: 10115: 10114: 10111:Encyclopedias 10110: 10109: 10099: 10098: 10093: 10089: 10085: 10079: 10075: 10074: 10069: 10065: 10061: 10055: 10051: 10050: 10045: 10041: 10036: 10035: 10029: 10028:Fussell, Paul 10025: 10021: 10015: 10011: 10010: 10004: 10000: 9994: 9991:. Broadview. 9990: 9989: 9983: 9982: 9962: 9958: 9952: 9937: 9933: 9926: 9911: 9905: 9901: 9900: 9895: 9889: 9882:(5/2022): 11. 9881: 9877: 9870: 9862: 9856: 9852: 9848: 9842: 9827: 9823: 9817: 9802: 9798: 9792: 9777: 9773: 9767: 9759: 9755: 9749: 9734: 9732: 9724: 9708: 9706: 9698: 9690: 9684: 9680: 9673: 9666: 9665: 9660: 9655: 9647: 9643: 9636: 9628: 9622: 9618: 9611: 9596: 9592: 9586: 9571: 9567: 9560: 9553: 9549: 9542: 9534: 9528: 9524: 9519: 9518: 9509: 9501: 9495: 9491: 9484: 9476: 9470: 9466: 9459: 9451: 9445: 9441: 9434: 9426: 9420: 9416: 9411: 9410: 9401: 9393: 9387: 9383: 9376: 9368: 9362: 9358: 9351: 9335: 9329: 9321: 9315: 9311: 9304: 9296: 9290: 9286: 9282: 9276: 9268: 9262: 9258: 9251: 9243: 9237: 9233: 9226: 9211:on 9 May 2015 9210: 9206: 9199: 9183: 9179: 9173: 9157: 9153: 9147: 9132: 9126: 9122: 9121: 9113: 9106: 9102: 9098: 9095: 9090: 9081: 9073: 9067: 9059: 9053: 9045: 9044: 9039: 9033: 9018: 9014: 9008: 9000: 8996: 8992: 8986: 8978: 8974: 8970: 8966: 8959: 8951: 8947: 8943: 8939: 8932: 8924: 8918: 8914: 8907: 8892: 8886: 8878: 8872: 8868: 8864: 8863: 8855: 8847: 8841: 8837: 8830: 8822: 8816: 8812: 8805: 8797: 8791: 8787: 8771: 8767: 8761: 8759: 8750: 8744: 8736: 8732: 8725: 8717: 8711: 8707: 8700: 8694:, p. 117 8693: 8688: 8680: 8674: 8670: 8663: 8655: 8649: 8645: 8638: 8630: 8624: 8620: 8616: 8609: 8602: 8591: 8587: 8580: 8572: 8571:Geography III 8564: 8556: 8548: 8540: 8534: 8528: 8520: 8514: 8510: 8506: 8502: 8498: 8497:Kumin, Maxine 8492: 8484: 8478: 8474: 8467: 8459: 8455: 8451: 8447: 8443: 8439: 8438:T'ang Studies 8432: 8424: 8418: 8414: 8410: 8409: 8401: 8395:, 111 and 115 8394: 8393:0-231-03464-4 8390: 8386: 8382: 8377: 8370: 8369:0-231-03464-4 8366: 8362: 8358: 8353: 8346: 8345:0-231-03464-4 8342: 8338: 8334: 8329: 8322: 8317: 8309: 8308: 8300: 8292: 8286: 8282: 8278: 8277: 8269: 8262: 8257: 8250: 8245: 8238: 8233: 8225: 8221: 8214: 8206: 8202: 8198: 8194: 8190: 8186: 8179: 8171: 8165: 8161: 8154: 8146: 8140: 8136: 8129: 8121: 8115: 8111: 8104: 8096: 8095: 8088: 8080: 8074: 8070: 8063: 8055: 8049: 8045: 8041: 8035: 8027: 8021: 8017: 8010: 8002: 7998: 7994: 7990: 7986: 7982: 7975: 7967: 7961: 7957: 7950: 7934: 7930: 7926: 7919: 7911: 7905: 7901: 7897: 7896: 7888: 7880: 7874: 7870: 7863: 7855: 7851: 7847: 7843: 7839: 7835: 7828: 7820: 7814: 7810: 7806: 7800: 7793: 7788: 7780: 7774: 7770: 7763: 7756: 7751: 7744: 7739: 7732: 7727: 7720: 7715: 7707: 7701: 7697: 7690: 7675:. 4 July 2011 7674: 7668: 7653:. 25 May 2015 7652: 7646: 7639: 7634: 7627: 7622: 7615: 7610: 7603: 7598: 7590: 7584: 7580: 7573: 7565: 7559: 7555: 7551: 7545: 7537: 7531: 7526: 7525: 7516: 7508: 7502: 7498: 7491: 7483: 7477: 7473: 7468: 7467: 7461: 7455: 7447: 7443: 7436: 7434: 7425: 7419: 7415: 7414: 7406: 7398: 7392: 7388: 7381: 7374: 7369: 7361: 7355: 7351: 7346: 7345: 7336: 7329: 7324: 7308: 7302: 7295: 7290: 7284:, p. 206 7283: 7278: 7270: 7264: 7260: 7256: 7255: 7247: 7240: 7235: 7227: 7221: 7217: 7213: 7209: 7208: 7200: 7193: 7188: 7181: 7176: 7168: 7161: 7153: 7149: 7145: 7141: 7137: 7133: 7126: 7118: 7114: 7108: 7101: 7096: 7077: 7070: 7064: 7053: 7046: 7044: 7036: 7031: 7024: 7019: 7012: 7006: 7002: 7001: 6993: 6986: 6981: 6973: 6967: 6963: 6956: 6947: 6946:10.1.1.3.7738 6942: 6938: 6931: 6923: 6917: 6913: 6906: 6899: 6894: 6886: 6880: 6876: 6869: 6862: 6857: 6849: 6843: 6839: 6835: 6829: 6821: 6814: 6807: 6802: 6795: 6790: 6783: 6771: 6765: 6761: 6760: 6755: 6754:Bloom, Harold 6751: 6750:Bloom, Harold 6745: 6737: 6731: 6727: 6720: 6712: 6706: 6702: 6695: 6687: 6683: 6679: 6673: 6665: 6659: 6655: 6648: 6640: 6634: 6630: 6623: 6615: 6608: 6600: 6594: 6590: 6583: 6574: 6569: 6565: 6561: 6557: 6550: 6542: 6536: 6532: 6525: 6517: 6511: 6507: 6500: 6490: 6483: 6475: 6469: 6465: 6458: 6450: 6444: 6440: 6433: 6429: 6425: 6421: 6417: 6413: 6406: 6398: 6392: 6388: 6381: 6373: 6367: 6363: 6360: 6353: 6344: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6325: 6321: 6317: 6310: 6302: 6298: 6294: 6287: 6279: 6275: 6271: 6264: 6256: 6250: 6246: 6242: 6241: 6233: 6225: 6219: 6215: 6208: 6200: 6194: 6190: 6183: 6175: 6171: 6167: 6163: 6159: 6155: 6151: 6144: 6136: 6130: 6126: 6122: 6121: 6116: 6110: 6101: 6095: 6091: 6086: 6085: 6076: 6068: 6062: 6058: 6057: 6049: 6042: 6031: 6027: 6020: 6013: 6009: 6002: 5994: 5990: 5984: 5976: 5970: 5966: 5961: 5960: 5951: 5949: 5941: 5937: 5931: 5927: 5922: 5921: 5915: 5909: 5901: 5897: 5893: 5889: 5885: 5881: 5877: 5873: 5866: 5858: 5852: 5848: 5844: 5843: 5835: 5827: 5821: 5817: 5812: 5811: 5802: 5794: 5788: 5784: 5777: 5769: 5763: 5759: 5752: 5745: 5739: 5732: 5728: 5724: 5718: 5711: 5707: 5703: 5697: 5690: 5686: 5682: 5678: 5672: 5668: 5650: 5646: 5642: 5638: 5634: 5630: 5624: 5617: 5612: 5606: 5602: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5541:Improvisation 5539: 5537: 5534: 5532: 5529: 5527: 5524: 5523: 5519: 5518:Poetry portal 5513: 5508: 5501: 5499: 5495: 5491: 5487: 5483: 5479: 5475: 5471: 5470: 5459: 5457: 5453: 5449: 5443: 5433: 5431: 5426: 5422: 5418: 5411: 5407: 5402: 5392: 5390: 5386: 5382: 5378: 5374: 5373:X. J. Kennedy 5370: 5366: 5365:Lewis Carroll 5362: 5357: 5355: 5354:double dactyl 5351: 5347: 5343: 5339: 5335: 5331: 5324: 5323:Lewis Carroll 5320: 5315: 5305: 5303: 5299: 5295: 5291: 5287: 5283: 5278: 5276: 5272: 5268: 5264: 5260: 5259:flash fiction 5256: 5252: 5248: 5241: 5237: 5232: 5222: 5220: 5219: 5214: 5210: 5206: 5202: 5198: 5194: 5192: 5188: 5184: 5183:extrapolation 5176: 5172: 5167: 5157: 5155: 5151: 5147: 5143: 5139: 5138: 5133: 5129: 5128: 5127:Vis and Ramin 5123: 5119: 5118: 5113: 5109: 5108: 5103: 5099: 5098: 5093: 5092: 5087: 5083: 5079: 5075: 5071: 5070:Chinese Opera 5067: 5066: 5061: 5060:Greek tragedy 5057: 5053: 5047: 5043: 5042:Chinese Opera 5039: 5035: 5031: 5024: 5020: 5011: 5009: 5005: 5001: 4997: 4993: 4989: 4985: 4981: 4977: 4973: 4969: 4965: 4960: 4958: 4954: 4950: 4946: 4942: 4938: 4935: 4931: 4927: 4921: 4914: 4910: 4901: 4899: 4895: 4891: 4887: 4883: 4879: 4875: 4871: 4867: 4863: 4859: 4855: 4851: 4847: 4843: 4839: 4835: 4831: 4827: 4823: 4818: 4816: 4812: 4808: 4804: 4797: 4793: 4788: 4778: 4776: 4775: 4770: 4766: 4762: 4758: 4754: 4750: 4746: 4742: 4738: 4737: 4732: 4731:Poet Laureate 4729:), the first 4728: 4724: 4719: 4717: 4713: 4709: 4705: 4701: 4694: 4690: 4681: 4679: 4678: 4673: 4669: 4668:Derek Walcott 4665: 4661: 4660: 4655: 4651: 4650: 4645: 4641: 4640: 4635: 4630: 4628: 4627: 4622: 4618: 4617: 4612: 4608: 4607: 4602: 4598: 4597: 4592: 4588: 4587: 4582: 4581: 4576: 4575: 4570: 4569: 4564: 4560: 4559: 4554: 4550: 4546: 4545: 4540: 4539: 4534: 4529: 4527: 4523: 4519: 4512: 4508: 4503: 4493: 4491: 4487: 4483: 4479: 4475: 4471: 4467: 4463: 4459: 4455: 4451: 4447: 4441: 4434: 4431: 4427: 4418: 4416: 4412: 4408: 4404: 4400: 4396: 4392: 4388: 4384: 4380: 4376: 4372: 4368: 4364: 4360: 4356: 4351: 4349: 4345: 4341: 4337: 4333: 4329: 4325: 4321: 4317: 4312: 4310: 4309: 4304: 4303: 4298: 4294: 4290: 4286: 4280: 4273: 4269: 4260: 4257: 4247: 4245: 4241: 4237: 4233: 4229: 4225: 4221: 4217: 4216:Gertrude Bell 4213: 4209: 4205: 4201: 4197: 4193: 4188: 4185: 4175: 4171: 4167: 4163: 4127: 4117: 4115: 4114:Arabic poetry 4111: 4107: 4103: 4099: 4095: 4091: 4084: 4080: 4075: 4065: 4063: 4059: 4055: 4051: 4047: 4043: 4039: 4035: 4032:). The first 4031: 4027: 4023: 4018: 4007: 3997: 3995: 3992:of the final 3991: 3986: 3975: 3970: 3959: 3958:khlong suphap 3955: 3951: 3947: 3944:). The first 3943: 3938: 3937:[wák] 3924: 3920: 3916: 3915: 3911: 3907: 3902: 3888: 3883: 3882:[bòt] 3869: 3865: 3860: 3858: 3847: 3836: 3825: 3811: 3806: 3795: 3789: 3776: 3773: 3770: 3767: 3758: 3757: 3756: 3754: 3750: 3746: 3742: 3738: 3734: 3730: 3729: 3722: 3712: 3710: 3706: 3701: 3697: 3693: 3689: 3685: 3684: 3679: 3672: 3668: 3663: 3653: 3651: 3647: 3643: 3639: 3632: 3622: 3620: 3616: 3612: 3604: 3600: 3595: 3585: 3583: 3579: 3575: 3571: 3567: 3563: 3559: 3555: 3551: 3547: 3543: 3539: 3538: 3533: 3529: 3528: 3523: 3522: 3517: 3516: 3511: 3507: 3501: 3497: 3491: 3486: 3481: 3476: 3471: 3467: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3447: 3437: 3434: 3433:John Berryman 3430: 3426: 3422: 3421:e.e. cummings 3418: 3414: 3410: 3407:), theology ( 3406: 3402: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3389: 3384: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3365: 3361: 3357: 3354: 3350: 3345: 3343: 3339: 3335: 3331: 3327: 3323: 3319: 3315: 3311: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3284: 3280: 3275: 3265: 3263: 3259: 3255: 3251: 3243: 3239: 3234: 3229: 3219: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3204: 3202: 3198: 3194: 3190: 3186: 3185: 3180: 3176: 3175: 3170: 3169: 3164: 3160: 3156: 3152: 3150: 3146: 3142: 3138: 3134: 3133: 3129:wrote in the 3128: 3124: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3107: 3105: 3101: 3097: 3093: 3086: 3076: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3037: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3013: 3012:Visual poetry 3003: 3000: 2996: 2991: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2967: 2965: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2942: 2938: 2936: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2911: 2909: 2905: 2899: 2895: 2894:Line (poetry) 2885: 2883: 2879: 2875: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2858: 2856: 2845: 2843: 2839: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2823: 2817: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2802:sixth century 2799: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2786:rhyme schemes 2783: 2779: 2775: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2758: 2757:Divine Comedy 2753: 2748: 2738: 2735: 2730: 2726: 2724: 2719: 2717: 2712: 2704: 2701: 2697: 2696: 2692: 2689: 2684: 2679: 2675: 2671: 2658: 2657: 2652: 2647: 2646: 2641: 2638: 2637: 2632: 2631: 2626: 2622: 2619: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2605: 2602: 2601: 2596: 2592: 2591: 2590:Eugene Onegin 2586: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2571: 2568: 2567: 2562: 2558: 2557: 2552: 2549: 2546: 2545: 2540: 2536: 2535: 2534:Paradise Lost 2530: 2526: 2523: 2522: 2521: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2506: 2501: 2497: 2493: 2488: 2484: 2480: 2472: 2468: 2467: 2462: 2461:Lewis Carroll 2458: 2453: 2443: 2440: 2435: 2434:Robert Pinsky 2430: 2428: 2424: 2418: 2416: 2412: 2408: 2404: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2384: 2381: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2359: 2356: 2352: 2349: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2335: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2321: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2303: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2288: 2284: 2280: 2276: 2272: 2268: 2264: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2223:metrical foot 2216: 2212: 2209: 2206: 2202: 2197: 2187: 2185: 2184:sprung rhythm 2181: 2177: 2173: 2169: 2165: 2160: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2130: 2128: 2124: 2120: 2116: 2112: 2108: 2104: 2103: 2098: 2094: 2091: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2053: 2048: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1975: 1971: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1948: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1928: 1913: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1890: 1888: 1887:Western canon 1884: 1880: 1879:Postmodernism 1876: 1873: 1869: 1865: 1859: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1838: 1834: 1825: 1823: 1819: 1814: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1794: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1746:aestheticians 1742: 1741: 1736: 1732: 1725: 1721: 1708: 1704: 1703: 1698: 1697:Kǒngzǐ Shīlùn 1694: 1687: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1667: 1662: 1658: 1651: 1646: 1645: 1644: 1642: 1641:Tim Whitmarsh 1638: 1634: 1630: 1625: 1623: 1619: 1616: 1612: 1611: 1606: 1602: 1601: 1596: 1592: 1587: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1564: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1550: 1545: 1544: 1543:Hurrian songs 1539: 1538: 1533: 1532: 1527: 1523: 1518: 1516: 1515: 1510: 1509: 1504: 1500: 1499: 1494: 1490: 1489:national epic 1487: 1483: 1482: 1477: 1473: 1472: 1467: 1466: 1460: 1458: 1457: 1452: 1448: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1405: 1404: 1398: 1396: 1392: 1381: 1377: 1367: 1365: 1364:close reading 1361: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1336: 1334: 1331:– often by a 1330: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1313: 1311: 1307: 1302: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1251: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1204: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1153: 1152: 1147: 1146: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1132: 1127: 1126: 1121: 1120: 1119:Hurrian songs 1115: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1092: 1087: 1082: 1080: 1076: 1075: 1070: 1066: 1065:Pyramid Texts 1062: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1033: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1004:, to produce 1003: 999: 995: 991: 987: 983: 979: 975: 971: 967: 963: 959: 956:qualities of 955: 951: 947: 943: 942: 937: 933: 922: 917: 915: 910: 908: 903: 902: 900: 899: 896: 886: 885: 880: 877: 875: 872: 870: 867: 865: 862: 860: 857: 855: 852: 850: 847: 846: 845: 844: 841: 837: 834: 833: 826: 823: 822: 821: 818: 816: 813: 811: 808: 806: 803: 801: 798: 796: 793: 791: 788: 787: 786: 785: 781: 780: 775: 772: 770: 767: 765: 762: 760: 757: 755: 752: 751: 750: 749: 746: 743: 742: 737: 734: 732: 729: 727: 724: 722: 719: 715: 712: 710: 707: 706: 705: 702: 700: 697: 695: 692: 691: 690: 689: 685: 684: 675: 672: 670: 667: 665: 662: 661: 660: 659: 655: 654: 649: 646: 644: 641: 639: 636: 634: 631: 629: 626: 624: 621: 619: 616: 614: 611: 609: 606: 604: 601: 599: 596: 595: 594: 593: 590: 587: 586: 581: 578: 576: 573: 571: 568: 566: 563: 561: 558: 557: 556: 555: 552: 549: 548: 545: 544: 541:Poetry genres 540: 539: 530: 527: 525: 522: 520: 517: 515: 512: 510: 507: 505: 502: 500: 497: 495: 492: 490: 487: 483: 480: 478: 475: 474: 473: 470: 469: 468: 467: 464: 461: 460: 455: 452: 450: 447: 443: 440: 438: 435: 433: 430: 428: 425: 423: 420: 418: 415: 413: 410: 408: 405: 403: 400: 398: 395: 393: 392:coming-of-age 390: 388: 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10431:Anthropology 10377: 10373:Yeats, W. 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H. Auden 3603:W. H. Auden 3558:Chen Zi'ang 3397:John Milton 3342:Alexandrine 3163:Renaissance 3155:Allegorical 3149:catachresis 3145:Surrealists 2984:antistrophe 2908:line breaks 2874:calligraphy 2834:ottava rima 2810:chant royal 2688:Old English 2651:Jean Racine 2529:John Milton 2271:epic poetry 2102:parallelism 2073:Old English 1822:translation 1818:colonialism 1787:Renaissance 1756:, treating 1514:Mahabharata 1478:books (the 1416:Mesopotamia 1385:Early works 1329:inspiration 1142:epics, the 1109:Zoroastrian 1061:Volta River 1010:incantatory 859:Composition 736:Tragicomedy 575:Verse novel 463:Non-fiction 367:Speculative 306:Short story 176:spoken word 166:Performance 139:heroic epic 11839:Aesthetics 11834:Literature 11823:Categories 11785:Vietnamese 11705:Rajasthani 11695:Portuguese 11468:Australian 11348:Surrealism 11303:Précieuses 11298:La Pléiade 11208:Lake Poets 11083:Deep image 11038:Chhayavaad 10697:Quadrivium 10622:Creativity 10588:Aesthetics 10515:Filmmaking 10500:Philosophy 10456:Literature 10417:Humanities 9188:29 October 9162:29 October 9136:29 October 8971:(1): 1–8. 8595:10 October 7626:Adams 1997 7602:Adams 1997 7328:Adams 1997 7294:Adams 1997 7282:Adams 1997 6834:Yip, Moira 6782:Emerson's. 6566:(1): 1–5. 5659:References 5611:synecdoche 5494:linguistic 5389:Wendy Cope 5369:Ogden Nash 5352:, and the 5240:Baudelaire 5213:prose poem 5150:T.S. Eliot 5142:Ezra Pound 5074:East Asian 4959:patterns. 4842:Ben Jonson 4822:Propertius 4753:Azerbaijan 4644:Ezra Pound 4639:The Cantos 4634:long poems 4474:John Donne 4454:characters 3974:khlong dan 3594:Villanelle 3588:Villanelle 3570:four tones 3500:Wade–Giles 3409:John Donne 3258:villanelle 3226:See also: 2999:dróttkvætt 2976:villanelle 2855:free verse 2838:terza rima 2798:Al Andalus 2711:consonance 2645:Alexandrin 2407:intonation 2343:-no-tate, 2255:tragedians 2227:tetrameter 2208:red-figure 2164:free verse 2115:intonation 2107:antiphonal 2059:). In the 2037:intonation 2035:. Varying 1937:intonation 1902:Wordsworth 1803:John Keats 1776:John Keats 1554:folk songs 1528:-language 1310:globalized 1271:Mickiewicz 1193:verse form 1189:repetition 1138:, and the 952:and often 948:that uses 934:(from the 774:Postmodern 709:historical 648:Villanelle 529:Travelogue 524:Persuasive 504:Journalism 482:philosophy 449:Historical 417:paranormal 377:Children's 250:Electronic 124:fairy tale 89:Literature 11718:Classical 11714:Sanskrit 11675:Pakistani 11665:Old Norse 11645:Malayalam 11513:Cantonese 11498:Byzantine 11493:Bulgarian 11353:Symbolism 11248:Négritude 11183:Imaginism 11163:The Group 11133:Gay Saber 11123:Fugitives 11103:Ecopoetry 11003:The Beats 10769:Humanitas 10681:Humanitas 10670:Historism 10632:Criticism 10525:Sculpture 9600:9 October 9575:9 October 9052:cite book 8692:Corn 1997 8590:poets.org 8458:163239068 8261:Corn 1997 8205:170517936 7854:162853305 7792:Corn 1997 7755:Corn 1997 7743:Corn 1997 7731:Corn 1997 7638:Corn 1997 7373:Corn 1997 7035:Corn 1997 7023:Corn 1997 6941:CiteSeerX 6680:(1978). " 6343:242230189 5900:143947520 5892:1748-0485 5664:Citations 5469:happening 5466:The term 5334:word play 4769:Kim Kirim 4708:political 4518:narrative 4363:Juan Ruiz 4346:aids for 4104:, and an 4058:Dead word 3963:โคลงสุภาพ 3564:poems is 3238:Sortavala 3201:allusions 3137:Modernism 3127:Aristotle 3100:Registers 3061:ambiguity 3045:Modernist 2904:lineation 2691:epic poem 2678:Assonance 2615:The Raven 2231:hexameter 1985:syllables 1872:formalist 1766:subgenres 1735:Aristotle 1724:Aristotle 1673:Confucius 1576:Confucius 1424:cuneiform 1340:character 1281:based on 1228:stylistic 1220:symbolism 1216:ambiguity 1159:Aristotle 1069:epic poem 1045:panegyric 978:assonance 960:to evoke 950:aesthetic 869:Narrative 854:Magazines 849:Sociology 840:criticism 810:Movements 769:Modernist 759:Classical 551:Narrative 387:adventure 331:Religious 301:Novelette 266:Anthology 221:narrative 171:audiobook 129:folk play 72:Love Poem 11730:Scottish 11610:Kashmiri 11600:Jèrriais 11595:Javanese 11590:Japanese 11555:Gujarati 11530:Estonian 11503:Canadian 11478:Biblical 11463:Assamese 11448:American 11443:Albanian 11218:Marinism 11058:Créolité 10820:Academia 10789:Leonardo 10757:Daedalus 10745:Journals 10709:Ontology 10598:The arts 10520:Painting 10466:Rhetoric 10247:. Faber. 10243:(1951). 10223:(1911). 10199:(2007). 10177:(2011). 10151:(1947). 10094:(1926). 10070:(1998). 10046:(1981). 10030:(1965). 9941:21 March 9896:(1985). 9849:(2008). 9283:(2006). 9178:"GOETHE" 9097:Archived 9040:(1897). 8743:cite web 8499:(2002). 8383:(1971). 8359:(1971). 8335:(1971). 8042:(2002). 7552:(2003). 7462:(1998). 7442:Daedalus 7132:Language 6836:(2002). 6301:Archived 6278:Archived 6117:(1993). 5916:(1987). 5729:. 2013. 5723:"Poetry" 5708:. 2013. 5702:"Poetry" 5677:"Poetry" 5581:Rhapsode 5504:See also 5490:literary 5421:Illinois 5361:doggerel 5350:clerihew 5346:limerick 5205:universe 5102:Ferdowsi 5084:include 4972:Phaedrus 4913:Krasicki 4815:mourning 4774:Gisangdo 4761:Portugal 4659:Paterson 4616:Shahnama 4611:Ferdowsi 4606:Ramayana 4596:Kalevala 4458:feelings 4450:personal 4340:kennings 4036:of each 3979:โคลงดั้น 3910:Sanskrit 3625:Limerick 3578:allusion 3554:Shen Yue 3550:jintishi 3527:jintishi 3415:), war ( 3322:quatrain 3298:Petrarch 3262:glossary 3161:and the 3119:metaphor 3113:such as 3096:dialects 3092:grammars 3053:caesuras 3041:printing 3018:Acrostic 2974:and the 2935:quatrain 2814:rubaiyat 2766:Beatrice 2553:(Homer, 2391:choriamb 2351:anapaest 2211:kathalos 2196:Scansion 2065:metrical 2017:Galician 1993:Japanese 1945:scanning 1916:Elements 1799:Romantic 1526:Sanskrit 1511:and the 1508:Ramayana 1468:and the 1391:literacy 1356:metaphor 1255:cultures 1244:metonymy 1236:metaphor 1173:rhetoric 1148:and the 1100:Sanskrit 1086:Eurasian 962:meanings 958:language 954:rhythmic 864:Language 795:Glossary 764:Medieval 699:Libretto 628:Limerick 580:National 570:Dramatic 560:Children 489:Anecdote 472:Academic 412:military 233:Nonsense 134:folksong 114:Folklore 43:reviewed 11775:Turkish 11755:Spanish 11735:Serbian 11710:Russian 11700:Punjabi 11685:Persian 11670:Ottoman 11640:Marathi 11605:Kannada 11585:Italian 11535:Finnish 11525:English 11520:Cornish 11508:Chinese 11488:Bosnian 11483:British 11473:Bengali 11363:Zutiste 11188:Imagism 11158:Goliard 10983:Acmeism 10968:Schools 10875:Related 10810:more... 10692:Trivium 10642:Culture 10616:Bildung 10558:Medical 10543:Digital 10493:Theatre 10446:History 8896:18 July 8776:6 March 6756:(ed.). 6361:Poetics 6174:1399898 5818:, 103. 5482:poetics 5423:, when 5417:Chicago 5203:of the 5122:Gorgani 5117:Masnavi 5065:bianwen 4937:animals 4811:elegiac 4807:funeral 4716:satires 4712:Juvenal 4601:Valmiki 4591:Lönnrot 4544:Odyssey 4371:Chaucer 4316:ballads 4308:Odyssey 4272:Chaucer 4204:Persian 4184:refrain 4170:Persian 4166:Bengali 4098:strophe 4054:Mai tho 3904:, from 3835:mai tho 3542:caesura 3383:sonnets 3326:couplet 3242:Karelia 3216:refrain 3208:imagery 3197:symbols 3132:Poetics 3104:prosody 3079:Diction 2995:skaldic 2980:strophe 2951:poem, " 2949:Russian 2927:triplet 2923:distich 2919:couplet 2915:stanzas 2812:or the 2806:qasidas 2778:sonnets 2774:ballads 2734:skaldic 2716:Chaucer 2695:Beowulf 2544:Sonnets 2500:spondee 2492:caesura 2485:to the 2427:lengths 2383:pyrrhic 2361:spondee 2347:-i-lar) 2329:-ture, 2323:trochee 2168:cadence 2121:of the 2029:Russian 2025:English 2021:Spanish 2013:Leonese 2005:Catalan 1981:accents 1921:Prosody 1898:Emerson 1894:Whitman 1852:creator 1848:creates 1762:tragedy 1740:Poetics 1702:Shijing 1693:poetics 1595:Shijing 1591:poetics 1568:Shijing 1531:Rigveda 1484:); 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